When starting to build a house, you need to decide in advance what style it will be decorated in. The undisputed leader is the construction of houses in German style, which involves the use of special stylizations of the external facade.
German-style houses were especially popular in the Middle Ages. However, over time, this construction tradition was forgotten and only recently has fashion resumed its rights. The main features of this style are:
- the absence of any sculptural compositions and other decorative elements;
- rigor and maximum simplicity;
- the project combines rational use all building materials, especially wood, giving the structure practicality;
- following the traditions of architectural ideas;
- spectrum minimization color shades for façade decoration.
Specifics of the German style
A distinctive feature of such houses is the arrangement wooden frame(can be used solid timber or glued). As a rule, they choose conifers wood for making beams for the frame. But read about it at the link.
Quite often, during the construction process, thermal insulation of the walls of the structure is carried out in parallel, using mineral wool or polypropylene. In this case it is required additional protection material from exposure to natural precipitation.
All frame elements are manufactured with special attention using special equipment. In this case, it is necessary to carry out additional treatment with solutions (for oil based), which will provide reliable protection frame from various fungi, rot, insects, etc.
Some modern projects combine the presence of a large number of glazings, which creates the impression of limitlessness internal space. Buildings such as German-style houses perfectly withstand harsh winters and hot summer days.
Many people prefer to build half-timbered houses, projects of which are characterized by the use of vertical frame structures with beams located horizontally, as well as diagonally braced.
This style can be given a special ambience through the use of curved or shaped beam structures made in contrasting shades against the background of the building’s façade. It is also possible to carry out stone cladding measures in certain areas of the building.
The final stage of construction of any building is the installation of the roof. Far-timbered houses are traditionally covered with tiles. Although you can also use roofing slate, which is quite easy to use and easily fits on the surface of any configuration, which is especially important, because many roofs of German-style houses have a multi-level and multi-pitched roof.
Variations
To increase footage usable area attic space In such houses they will be converted into residential ones. Another feature of such structures is the presence of a part of the building protruding from the general façade (bay window), which also makes it possible to significantly expand the living space.
The interior layout of the house depends on the taste preferences of the owners. Several can be combined simultaneously designer styles, which allows you to emphasize the individuality and originality of the idea. Particular attention is paid to all kinds of decorative elements, which often act as an accent that emphasizes stylistic design one room or another.
Original design of the building in the German style additionally emphasizes the design of the exterior. Green lawns, intricately trimmed bushes, flower meadows, and, of course, garden paths, paved with tiles or natural stone.
German quality is valued in all areas of activity, including private housing construction. Traditional projects German houses are distinguished by practicality, quality and multifunctional layouts. High level quality and attention to detail are evident in everything - from the choice of building materials to planning decisions. German design of private houses in many projects has the shape of a cube, and exterior decoration at home it is done in light color palettes.
Characteristic design features of German houses
In the exterior design you can always notice the presence of bay windows, balconies, wooden decor, as well as real flowers planted in pots or decorative containers. In such houses window units have a classic rectangular or arched shape, sometimes with massive frames or shutters. The basement of the house is usually faced with porcelain stoneware or natural stone. German houses are most often found in the attic or two-story version with a gable roof. The roof is predominantly finished with red tiles.
One of the most popular German style trends is half-timbered wood. All house projects in the German half-timbered style are built from wooden beams with slopes at different angles. The distance between the beams is filled with aerated concrete, glass or white brick with insulation. An interesting feature of the half-timbered structure is panoramic glazing, which looks very stylish and respectable. Regardless of the architectural style, all German houses have a standard layout concept and the following common features:
Attic floor with gable roof;
Rectangular shape;
Availability of a garage or shed;
Thanks to design features, V attic house, the space under the roof slopes does not disappear.
In some projects it is equipped ground floor For household needs or workshop devices.
Everyone knows the practicality of the Germans and their rational approach to all things. This feature also affects the design of private houses. Many designs of German houses, instead of a garage, provide a simple and open area for parking a car. Despite the exotic nature of German projects, recently they are increasingly found in suburban construction.
Typical projects German houses are impeccable in terms of rationality and ergonomics, as they imply the maximum beneficial use residential and utility rooms. In many layouts, the number of walls and partitions is reduced to a minimum. The ground floor usually houses the kitchen and dining room, providing a central gathering place for the entire family. On the second floor there are bedrooms and other rooms necessary for relaxation.
Exterior decoration of a house in German style
Finishing work on the outside of the house involves processing already finished wooden or plastered walls. Some German-style projects are designed with a façade that is divided into several equal segments using a rigid frame. The resulting cells are filled with special materials. In order to protect the foundation of the house from the negative impact of external factors, the base of German houses is finished with high-strength materials such as artificial or natural stone. This original design facade gives the house an attractive and extraordinary appearance.
They are often used for finishing houses wide boards, which are fixed to plastered walls using self-tapping screws. As a material for the construction of classic German houses, architects most often choose dark wood, which is treated with paints and varnishes to protect the wood from moisture. A properly selected paint and varnish composition not only protects the wood from adverse factors, but also gives it a noble shine, effectively emphasizing the structure of the pattern of the internal fibers.
New designs of German houses combine ancient German traditions and high-tech materials. Thanks to this, houses in German designs, with Gothic architectural elements, are very popular in the field of private housing construction. The special architecture of German houses prevents them from being confused with houses made in other styles. In our country, the most widespread is the German half-timbered style, characterized by an interesting roof shape and a predominance of wood finishing.
You can choose a project for a German house.
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The facade of the house is the first thing that guests and passers-by see. From exterior finishing The structure of a building largely depends on the opinion that is formed about its owners. Therefore, when planning construction, more and more people are guided not only by practicality, but also by beauty, giving preference to one or another architectural direction. German style house – perfect solution for those who value solidity, simplicity and elegance.
What buildings are popular in Bavaria and other parts of Germany? How to build such houses? Let's consider the nuances of designing the facades of buildings in the German style.
Features of a German-style house
The Bavarian or German style of the house implies neatness and even some asceticism external design. Its characteristic features include:
- lack of lush decorative elements;
- strictness of lines;
- practicality;
- use of inexpensive materials in finishing;
- calm color scheme.
Every element of the house must comply with these rules. Despite the apparent simplicity, while respecting the traditions of architecture Western Europe, the building does not look inconspicuous. Country cottages in German style reminiscent fairy houses, straight from the pages of fairy tales. This effect is enhanced by neat design local area– trimmed lawns, decorative plantings near the porch, hedges.
Walls and roof
If we're talking about About the traditional German house style, the most common building shape is a rectangle or square. The walls are made smooth and painted in discreet colors - white, sand, gray. The combination of dark wood (timber) and clay is popular; the façade can also be decorated with polymer panels, cement-bonded particle boards or brick. The base is often finished with natural stone.
The roof of a Bavarian-style house is usually gable, without an attic and with wide overhangs. Among the acceptable color solutions– red, brown, green, blue shades and their variations. Sometimes several similar tones are combined in one coating.
The roofing material is tiles or natural slate (slate). If the house is two-story, there may be an attic under the roof with a fence made of tinted wood, a bay window or a balcony.
Windows and doors
The entrance lobby and windows, decorated in German style, should attract attention. The door itself is usually wooden, with glazing and lintels in the upper part. A porch, wooden or stone, leads to the entrance to the building. There can also be a spacious room in front of the door.
Windows are usually rectangular or arched in shape. Each of them consists of several square or rectangular sections connected by jumpers. Modern Bavarian style also allows for panoramic glazing of houses.
If this is combined with the overall style of the facade, the windows can be complemented with shutters. They perform decorative functions, creating bright accent and giving the house a rustic, cozy look. Sometimes shutters are covered with carvings and paintings.
Half-timbered houses
German-style houses, the designs of which require a visible timber frame, are called half-timbered. This type of architecture appeared in Germany in the 15th century and gradually gained popularity in other European countries.
The term fachwerk means frame construction. Such houses have a rigid frame made of vertical, horizontal and diagonal beams. Initially, the space between the beams was filled with straw, branches and reeds mixed with clay. The frame elements were left open. The remaining surface was plastered, and wealthy citizens decorated the walls with carved wooden panels.
The use of wood as the main building material gave rise to an interesting feature of half-timbered houses - each floor of the building protrudes forward above the previous one. This design allows rainwater to flow to the ground, protecting the walls and foundation from excessive dampness.
Half-timbered houses have proven themselves with best side. The reliability of the technology is evidenced by the fact that in Europe you can still find buildings in this style built more than 300 years ago.
Other advantages of half-timbering include:
- speed of construction;
- high thermal insulation properties;
- cheap materials;
- ease of repair work.
But there are also disadvantages - wood needs to be treated against fungus and mold, the materials are flammable, a device is needed forced ventilation. Considering the cons frame houses, some owners resort to imitation half-timbering.
In this case, walls are erected from any modern materials, and the facade is decorated with polyurethane panels that create the impression of wooden beams. Thus, finishing a house in a German style will look natural, but the building will become more practical.
Gothic houses
Gothic style in Germany began to develop in the 10th-11th centuries under the influence of French architecture. German buildings had their own characteristics - strict geometric shapes(usually a rectangle), one or four high towers instead of two, more modest decoration of the facade, external resemblance to defensive fortresses.
The building material is usually brick or stone. The height of the building is at least 3 floors, the roof is pointed, the windows are pointed and elongated. The roof of German Gothic houses is distinguished by color; any contrasting combinations are possible - dark tiles and light walls or vice versa.
Although this style may seem outdated, it is still popular, including in cottage construction. Vacation home V gothic style– a personal fortress that exudes reliability and antiquity. It will look especially organic in the lap of nature - in mountainous areas or on the edge of a forest.
A house in the Bavarian style, be it a rustically cozy half-timbered cottage or a sophisticated Gothic fortress, is an example German quality and practicality. You can be sure that buildings built using technologies proven in Germany will serve more than one generation of owners and will be able to surprise guests with their unusual design.
Useful video about a German-style house
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Recently, when decorating a home Special attention pay attention to its design. Modern designers offer many of the most different ideas that will help make your home exclusive. The design of the facade of the house plays a paramount role. All styles of house facades deserve special attention, as they emphasize the status, taste, and characteristics of a certain era or country.
Decorative finishing of the house emphasizes its features and taste of the owner. To make a choice regarding the exterior design of your home, you need to decide on the building material and style. When choosing one style or another, you should also take into account how nearby houses look and the features of the area in which the building itself is located. After this you can start working.
Every owner wants to make their home unique so that it stands out from the rest. The most in a successful way give your structure originality - perform it in a certain way architectural style. This can be done both at the design stage and when the walls of the cottage have already been erected.
Preference can be given to the cozy and modest German style. The facades of German-style houses have a solid and original look. German architecture has long been distinguished by its economy, practicality and unusual design. For finishing you will not need too much material, which is also very beneficial.
German style house facade Such houses are usually built in the shape of a square or. Due to the cubic shape and smooth surface the house takes on a noble and rich appearance. True, style is not limited to a smooth and perfectly painted surface. Since ancient times, the main element in the external design of German houses has been decorative rock. It acts as the main building material. Currently, the basement is decorated with stone.
As for windows, they are made in the shape of rectangles or given an arched shape, dividing them into several sections with lintels. Wooden shutters may protrude decorative element. The doors are painted in a color contrasting with the facade. The roof of the house is covered with red tiles.
It should be noted that any built house can really be stylized in the German style. The main thing is to choose the right building material.
Chalet style houses
Chalet-style house facades are very common in France and the Alps. They are small buildings that previously served as shelter for shepherds. The word "chalet" translated from French means "shepherd's house." This style is widely used in the West. Recently, Russia has also begun to pay attention to this unusual design. True, these houses will not be appropriate for the city. If you want to retire from a noisy metropolis, then a chalet-style country house is exactly what you need.
Chalet style house facade The main features of the chalet style:
- stone foundation;
- wooden walls;
Modern chalet houses are significantly different from old alpine buildings. First of all, large rooms, the presence of indoor entertainment areas, communications. Secondly, building material. Chalet style involves a combination various types material.
Features a chalet house gable roof with high projections. This helps protect the house and its walls from moisture. The roof is covered with tiles and decorated with wood. The base is built of stone. The walls are plastered and decorated with aged wood. With the help of wood you can make a variety of unusual elements on the building. The house should have many windows, a balcony, a veranda and an attic floor.
It will bring you closer to nature, will always attract the attention of others, and also give you warmth and comfort.
Imitation of half-timbered style: pros and cons
Last fashion trend The facades of houses in the half-timbered style are used in the design of residential buildings. This style consists of the presence or imitation of wooden beams. Lay them vertically, horizontally and diagonally. Construction is very expensive. To save money, you can use the services of a designer and imitate the style.
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Such houses have always been distinguished by originality and individuality. Positive quality is that the installation of wooden beams is quick and easy. Material must be ordered in advance and right size. It is assembled according to the type of designer. The important thing is that it is very light and does not require large transportation costs.
Despite significant advantages, the half-timbered style also has its disadvantages, for example:
- fragility of the structure (beams need to be replaced every twenty years);
- poor thermal insulation.
But these are all trifles - with modern technologies and with materials such shortcomings are completely resolvable.
Features of the facade of houses in a classic style
Using modern lungs Construction Materials, which are distinguished by both reliability and practicality, you can decorate the facade of the house in classic style. At the same time, the building will have an attractive appearance, and finishing material will not weigh it down or overload it. Facades close to the classics have been relevant for many years for both residential and non-residential buildings. Such houses fit very neatly into the overall architecture of the city and attract attention.
Classic style house facade The following elements distinguish the classic style from the rest:
- columns;
- stone carving;
- natural marble, granite and travertine;
- various ornaments, sculptures, cornices.
In a classic style, it is important that the design of the house is in harmony with the landscape of the area, and stone plays a leading role here.
French country or Provence - which is better?
It is known that Provence is a type of country. True, some designers find them completely different. They can be distinguished by certain characteristics. The facades of country style houses have more warm colors. Cool shades and white color are not typical for this style. But in the Provence style they use cold or saturated colors bright colors. White color takes the main position here.
Country style house facade As for the surface, it is different brickwork, which may protrude slightly from the wall. Mosaic and terracotta surfaces add a special charm. The façade is also made of wood, painting it in color Ivory. In country music it's a different story. There is a layering of colors and textures. Masonry and use natural wood are the highlight of this style.
House in Provence style There is no point in choosing which is better - country or Provence, since both styles are distinguished by originality, sophistication, simplicity and naturalness.
Baroque
The Baroque facade of the house stands out significantly from the rest. Such houses look like real palaces. Baroque is characterized by contrast, dynamic images, and a desire for luxury and grandeur. The houses have magnificent shapes and spatial scope. The structures are represented by large-scale colonnades, pilasters, complex domes, which are covered with either gilding or neutral paint. Often the domes are multi-tiered.
This gives the house greatness. Color contrast plays a significant role. Concave and curved wall surfaces decorate the building. Carvings on the columns and on the walls themselves add nobility and originality to the facade.
Baroque house facade Baroque is characterized by gold, silver and white shades. Marble, copper, and wood are used as construction materials. Mosaic occupies a special place here.
Unusual facades in Art Nouveau style
If you prefer everything unusual, you can decorate your home in the Art Nouveau style. The façade of a house in the Art Nouveau style is characteristic of outrageous people and those who like to be the center of attention. You can translate a variety of desires and dreams into the design of your building. It is not necessary to plan the design during construction; the house can easily be converted into its own ready-made version. For this you only need some building materials and your imagination.
Facade of a house in Art Nouveau style Basically, the lines of an Art Nouveau house are smooth and soft, there are no rough decorations or inappropriate details. Everything is in harmony with the overall stop of the house. The shade of the materials should be discreet and close to the natural tone. Interspersed with variegated shades are acceptable. Distinctive features of high-tech style
The facade of a high-tech house stands out from the rest with its extraordinary architectural solution. It is distinguished by its ultra-modernity, high technology, industrialism, demonstrativeness and innovation. During the construction or decoration of a house in this style, they use latest materials and technology.
High-tech style house Houses are built in the shape of squares or rectangles. Big windows and glass doors occupy the main place here. As for color, she prefers light tones. Protruding pipes, large open balcony– all this brings its own zest. This style is very suitable for creative and independent people who love everything unusual and modern.
Fashionable English style
The elegance of the English style lies in its special design, which has sophisticated and sophisticated shapes. At first glance, such buildings seem luxurious and noble. House facade in english style has its own special features that are unique to it:
- brickwork;
- small columns;
- a minimum of drawings and carvings;
- subdued tones;
- straight walls;
- small porch;
- windows divided into several sections;
English style house In such a house everyone will feel like an Englishman. This building will not be particularly different from other houses, but will attract attention with its architectural neatness and purity of its design. suitable for those who do not like newfangled trends in the design and construction of country housing, but prefer traditional solutions.
Among all existing architectural trends, the German style attracts strong attention, which is often used in today's construction when designing the facade parts of a building. This style is characterized by restraint and grace, uncomplicated forms.
Looking at such a facade, there is an unfeigned sense of the fundamental nature of the house and home comfort. The demand for the German style is greatly facilitated by the fact that it can be decorated even on a finished building. Recalling the thrift and meticulousness of the Germans, we can say that to decorate a facade in the German style you will not need a large amount of materials. The German style can be noted as very economical, but at the same time it is known for its rationality and originality of decoration.
Its decorative details are distinguished by their simplicity and restraint. German style should not be used bright colors, statues, intricate jewelry and designs. Rationality will be the main principle. Color palette German style is also quite limited.
How to make a facade in the German style.
How to form a wall and roof in the German style? The figure of the mansion should become classic - square or rectangular. However, some protruding elements will also be quite possible, thanks to which the living space of the building will be increased. The texture of German-style walls should be smooth. Regarding the roof, it is usually formed with a gable roof, the recommended colors are brown. If you intend to copy the German style as accurately as possible on the facade of your own home, then it is better to lay tiles on the roof. The base is decorated with natural stone. German-style attics are rare. Small balconies are considered a replacement option. Taking into account these technological factors, you have the opportunity to add a thoroughbred and representative look to the facade of your home.
Decoration of windows and doors. The conditions in this segment are quite considerable. First of all, you need to remember that Entrance door in the German style is the “highlight” of the facade. She must attract attention and stand out from the general background. German style windows are traditionally rectangular, although in some cases they can be arched. Distinctive feature in addition, there will be the formation of multi-section windows, when the glass is connected to each other by numerous jumpers. Additionally, the windows are decorated with wooden shutters, which only serve decorative function, giving the cottage a lived-in and equipped look.
Types of house facades: Gothic house and half-timbered house.
Half-timbered houses. Half-timbered architecture is a famous style of architecture in Germany. Characteristic feature such buildings will be the creation of a vertical frame with longitudinal beams and diagonally braced. It is also characterized by curly beam structures. They are painted in colors that contrast with the shade of the walls, giving the building an impressive and aesthetic appearance. Curved beams in combination with natural stone cladding or plaster look exceptionally aesthetically pleasing on walls.
Gothic houses. Houses that are stylized as Gothic always stand out for their originality. In photographs, such buildings look like real medieval castles. This is facilitated by the cone-shaped roof and vertically elongated windows, which visually make the entire structure taller and more representative. Complete the image of a Gothic house brick columns. They will be needed not just for decoration, but also perform a utilitarian function - they hold the roof of the veranda.
A German-style cottage is fashionable, original, and elegant. Each building will be unique, but at the same time so recognizable!
