Own parking as a business. How to open a car park How to open a car park

11 minutes to read. Posted on 04/23/2015

Paid parking lots are considered to be in demand and profitable business, since in any metropolis there is always a strong shortage of parking spaces. Parking lots are of various types: multi-storey, underground, open, closed. However, most of all, commercial success is determined by a well-chosen location. Such facilities are best located in residential areas where the demand for such services always exceeds supply.

The documents

According to the legislation, activities for the storage of vehicles on a paid basis are subject to state licensing .

The procedure must be completed by those who plan to organize one of the following types of parking:

Indoor or outdoor car park.
Heated or unheated garage.

The most important document you need to obtain is an approved car park project ... It is made by design organizations, after which it is approved by state bodies.

The complete list of documents for opening a parking lot is as follows:

certificate of state registration as an individual or legal entity;
land lease agreement;
the parking project approved by the city architecture committee;
a building permit issued by the district authorities;
conclusion of Rospotrebnadzor;
the conclusion of the fire inspection;
conclusion on the drain;
the conclusion of the sanitary inspection;
the conclusion of the commission for nature protection;
official notification of the upcoming construction of a parking lot of the Department of Transport Management.

Conditions and requirements

Open car parks

This type of parking is the most popular and profitable both for the founders of the business and for the clients, since the construction of the facility does not require large investments, and the cost of subsequent services is never greatly overestimated. An open-type car park is a plot of land fenced on only two sides.

Such objects can function using natural and artificial lighting. In the dark it is necessary turn on the lights ... For example, for an area of 2500 square meters, their number should be at least 15 pieces.

Install sufficient bright lighting as these are high-risk areas. The places for the movement of pedestrians are supplied with devices that guarantee illumination of 100-150 lux.

Outdoor car parks do not require air ventilation or smoke extraction systems.

Closed car parks

This type of parking differs from open objects only in that there is an external fence around the perimeter ... The norms and requirements for the organization of such parking do not differ from those that apply to open parking.

Multi-storey multi-level car parks

Multilevel parking lots are divided into three types according to the method of execution, which determine how the floors will be located relative to the ground level:

terrestrial,
underground,
ground-underground.

Such parking lots are able to accommodate several thousand cars ... They must be designed with ramps, elevators and lifts, special sloped floors. The buildings are installed fire safety systems , chimney and ventilation, as well as high-quality lighting.

Cargo car park

Since the facility is designed to service heavy trucks, it should be located on the outskirts of the city ... This factor has a positive effect on the costs of organizing parking, making the business more profitable.

The areas for such a parking should have high-quality fencing and good round-the-clock security ... The roadbed must be covered with a special compound, and the territory must be provided with drainage system ... The rest of the requirements are the same as for an outdoor car park.

Parking lots

The object is a poorly fenced, but protected piece of land near multi-storey buildings ... The parking lot is designed exclusively for cars owned by local residents, and it is desirable that it serves at least 20 vehicles. This will do business profitable .

No special no parking requirements , and financial investments in the business will be minimal.

Underground warm parking lots for cars

Underground warm parking lots require an impressive investment and are designed for wealthy clients ... Objects should be located near luxury multi-storey buildings or in the business center of the city.

The parking area with a capacity of 20 cars should be about 500 square meters. The demand for this type of service is increasing in the cold season .

Warm parking lots are built in accordance with approved standards and necessarily include heating and air conditioning systems, lighting, fire safety.

Penalty parking lots

The facility is very similar to a simple outdoor car park. However, he needs in enhanced security , since cars entering its territory are registered with law enforcement agencies. The detained transport is placed on demand storage , and its issuance is made after the payment of the corresponding large contribution.

Such parking lots are often found owned by the state , therefore, using them as a business is not entirely advisable.

Prefabricated modular parking lots

All that is needed for such a parking lot is a free piece of land. The parking lot can be easily erected due to special structures that easy to assemble and disassemble , therefore, suitable for both temporary and permanent use. Modules can be installed on the existing parking area, thus making it multilevel .

Land plot

It is most advantageous to have a parking lot in densely populated sleeping areas ... It is in these parts of the city that there is always an acute shortage of parking spaces. But it is also advisable to conduct market research to determine The level of interest local residents in similar services.

The parking lot must be located directly proximity to multi-storey buildings ... You can start a business from a small plot of land of 300-600 square meters, and expand it over time. This requires know in advance about the possibility of buying or leasing adjacent land.

Most reliable buy a land plot for a parking lot and not depend on the lease term and the terms of the contract. However, this may require considerable investment, since, for example, an open parking lot for 100 seats requires an area of about 2500 square meters.

It is important to ask in advance the presence or absence of any communications passing under the parking lot. If there are heating mains, pipes or power lines underground, the construction of the facility will require obtain permission from Rospotrebnadzor and related utilities.

Within the city of Moscow, 1 square meter of a concrete open area can be rented at a price from 1800 to 6000 rubles in year .
Plots outside the Moscow Ring Road are much cheaper about 800 rubles for 1 square per year .
In St. Petersburg land rent is offered at a price from 400 to 1000 rubles for 1 square meter in year , depending on the livability and location.

When drawing up a lease agreement, you should pay attention to its terms.

Lease term (it is desirable to conclude a deal for 49 years).
Possibility of subsequent redemption of land.
Possibility of expanding the boundaries of the site (renting nearby territories).

Plan and project

Parking lots are designed by specialized design offices : public and private. These organizations develop layouts, visualizations and all technical documentation. according to building regulations and the rules prescribed by law.

The car park design defines:

type of parking;
number of storeys of the building being built;
internal layouts of premises;
the position of the parking lot relative to the ground level;
the number of vibrational and dynamic loads withstand;
necessary transport interchanges;
types of communications and fire safety systems.

The construction of parking lots must be carried out taking into account the number of storeys and architecture surrounding buildings. These parameters are approved by government agencies.

Any parking lot must be designed according to accepted building codes ... In the Russian Federation, such rules are regulated by a special document SNiP 21-02-99.

Let's look at an example ...

Maximum height overground parking is 9 floors, underground 5.
Size of one parking space cannot be less than 5 meters long and 2.3 meters wide.
In cargo parking areas the capacity of one block should not exceed 100 cars, and the height limitation does not allow the construction of such buildings higher than 28 meters.
Body width a ground outdoor parking lot cannot be more than 40 meters.

Construction Materials

All structures and materials from which the parking lot is built must be resistant to impact harmful vibrations, exhaust gases and oil products. The building must provide increased safety for customers , vehicles and working personnel.

The car park building always has a finish that meets the following requirements:

walls are covered with materials that prevent the spread of flame;
floors are made of components that are resistant to the negative impact of oil products;
ramps and areas for pedestrians in the area are made of anti-slip materials;
the roadway must necessarily consist of a substance that blocks the absorption of oil products.

Equipment

The parking area is divided into two conventional zones:

Checkpoint.
Car storage area.

For high-quality accounting of all vehicles, use video surveillance systems ... They allow you to maintain order at the facility, monitor the conscientiousness of employees and help resolve possible disputes and conflicts with clients.

Control of the parking area also needs video recording of the events taking place. For this, video cameras and recorders, audio devices, recording systems and storing captured information , autonomous lighting systems.

At the entrance to the parking, it is necessary to arrange security workplace , controller and cashier. Automatic and mechanical barriers, barriers, electronic gates are used as fences. Such devices may have remote control .

A parking space for vehicles can look like a separate box or garage, or have small limiters parking bollards, barriers, etc.

Fire safety

Fire safety at the facility is guaranteed by the implementation of the following rules and measures:

security high-quality ventilation and chimney in the premises
installation fire safety systems (sensors, fire extinguishing systems);
usage fire retardant compounds as building materials;
observance general fire safety rules (no sources of open fire, no smoking, etc.);
timely instructing employees and appointing those responsible for the implementation of the established rules;
maintaining all necessary fire extinguishing means are in working order;
security premises with special fire compartments.

Accounting and taxation

Often, parking is taxed according to the UTII system. In this case, the tax will be calculated based on from the parking area rather than the number of employees.

The amount of deductions directly depends on the size of the land plot specified in the lease. For example, if the parking area has an area of 300 sq. m., but in fact, 200 squares are allocated for storing cars and this is fixed in the agreement, then the tax will be charged only for 200. If the lease agreement does not allocate meters of "usable" area, then the payment will be charged, based on the total area .

In the case when the parking lot, in addition to UTII, functions on a simplified system taxation, the profit derived from commercial activities will be taxed according to rate 6 or 15% .

Accounting does not require a full-time employee, during reporting periods you can invite specialist on a piece-rate basis ... The only accounting document that is issued to all parking customers is the receipt.

Staff

Parking lot management does not require significant human resources. For a modest outdoor parking, you will need only several guards that will perform a security and control function.

For a large parking, you will have to hire an administration , for example, manager, secretary, manager.

The responsibilities of these people may include the following functions:

Adoption for the work of service personnel;
organization cleaning the territory;
granting information to clients;
holding advertising campaigns that develop business.

The number of guards and controllers is also will require an increase ... In small parking lots, these two positions can be successfully combined, and in solid facilities it is reasonable to separate duties of controllers (accounting of clients, collecting information, keeping a journal, issuing checks) from the work of security guards (managing video surveillance systems, maintaining order, admitting to the territory).

Business plan

An approximate business plan for organizing an open parking lot

Name	Indicators
Primary costs
Paperwork	RUB 150,000
Construction equipment	RUB 60,000
Fencing costs	RUB 3,000-6,000 for 1 construction
Road surface	RUB 1,300 crushed stone or 4,000 rubles. asphalt
Lighting	RUB 400 for 1 lamp
Monthly expenses
Rental expenses	RUB 120,000
Salary for employees (6 people)	RUB 900 00
Accountant salary	5,000-10,000 rubles.
Payment for utilities and telephone	RUB 2,000
Expected profit
Average revenue from one parking space	200 rubles / day
Total revenue from 100 cars	20,000 rubles / day
Total revenue from 100 per month	RUB 600,000
Total revenue from 100 per year	RUB 7,200,000
Estimated parking profit	RUB 400,000 / year
Payback period	1.8 years

The nuances of buying and selling this business

Most often, a ready-made business will cost much more than his organization from scratch. You should seriously think about buying an already functioning parking lot if it has very advantageous location and guarantees an impressive size potential profit ... For example, obtaining a permit for the construction of a parking lot in some areas of the city may be too problematic, and purchasing a parking lot will eliminate problems and difficulties with paperwork.

Most likely, buying a parking lot can be profitable close to elite multi-storey complexes where the number of storage spaces for cars is limited.

Profitability any parking lot depends on whether or not there are competitors nearby, on the paying capacity of potential customers and on the size of the current rental and maintenance costs of the complex. To build good business , it is necessary to conduct market research, take care of advertising and pay special attention to the issue of security at the site.

Organizing a business in the automotive field of activity is a very promising undertaking that promises a stable income and high profits. In the previous article, we talked about today, it is worth mentioning such a promising idea as opening a parking lot from scratch. Therefore, this publication is devoted to this particular type of earnings.

The number of vehicles on the roads is growing rapidly every year. Motorists often violate traffic rules and park in the wrong places. There are several reasons for this phenomenon, firstly, almost every city lacks equipped and guarded parking lots, and secondly, the high cost of the service significantly affects demand. Moreover, the punishment for an improperly parked car is minimal, and therefore chaos on the road.

Despite all this, private parking lots are still in demand among motorists. Agree, not everyone decides to leave their car for the night on the street, because the time is not safe. Without owning a garage, motorists often prefer paid car parks. Thus, we can conclude that the demand for the services of private parking lots is always there and every year it only increases.

How to open a car park from scratch?

Many start-up entrepreneurs are asking the question of the cost of opening a paid parking lot. Everyone is interested in the specific amount of money required to open a parking lot as a business. But it all depends on many important nuances, so it is quite difficult to voice the exact numbers.

How to open a parking lot and where to get money?

To open a paid parking lot, you need a lot of start-up capital. As you know, novice businessmen do not have a surplus of funds, which is why they often look for affordable ways to save money. Therefore, the question of how to open a parking lot from scratch remains relevant.

Surely everyone understands that the organization of any business requires money. Some ideas can be realized with only a few thousand rubles in your pocket, others require more significant investments, which are expressed in tens and hundreds of thousands of rubles.

Do not hide the fact that opening a parking lot as a business is a rather expensive idea. Land lease and development of the territory require serious financial investments. But this way of earning can bring passive and stable income. Therefore, many people are so interested in this business idea.

You can get money to open a car park from a bank, borrow from friends, or start a joint business. It is also quite possible to get help from the state for the development of your business.

You have the right to use all the options offered. The main thing is, before starting to implement the idea, weigh and consider your decision.

Car parking business plan

One idea is not enough to be successful. The main thing is the wise implementation of the project. A skillfully drawn up business plan for a parking lot can help you appropriately allocate available funds. As an example, you can take a look.

In a business plan, it is necessary to outline the following points:

Choosing an idea. In this section, it is necessary to clearly define the goals, analyze the profitability of the business of opening a parking lot, the terms of its payback and the expected profit;
Financial investments. You need to very competently calculate all the costs for the implementation of a business idea. This will help you navigate the number of investments and make it possible to determine the minimum amount for the implementation of your project;
Organizational matters. In addition to financial investments, you must take into account all the legal nuances. You should understand the business registration procedure in order to issue all permits for legal activities in a short time;
Advertising campaign and further business promotion. In this section of the business plan for opening a parking lot, you should think over all your steps in advance, so that in the future, with the success of the business, you can develop in the chosen direction.

Having drawn up a competent business plan for the parking lot, proceed to the procedure for the legal registration of your business.

Business registration

Any type of activity is subject to registration with the legal authorities, therefore, before starting to implement the idea of opening a car park, collect and complete all the necessary documents.

Documents and permits for the opening of the parking lot

First of all, you should decide on the material and legal form of activity and register as an individual entrepreneur or create a legal entity (LLC);
The second step is obtaining permission to rent or purchase a land plot for arranging a parking lot. It is necessary to apply for the appropriate document to the local authorities (District, regional administration);
After concluding a lease agreement, project documentation should be prepared and coordinated with local authorities. After that, the package of documents is required to be transferred to the Land Committee;
For construction on the leased area, additional documents should be collected: permits from the District Administration, a land lease agreement, a parking project, permits from Rospotrebnadzor and the fire service.
If you are not going to build anything on the leased site, then the following documents should be prepared for the commission: lease agreement, deratization agreement, garbage disposal, cash register maintenance, Production control program.

An experienced lawyer will help you collect and execute the entire package of documents. You can deal with other equally important issues at this time.

Parking lot location

A well-chosen parking space will allow you to recoup all investments in a short time and receive a passive and stable income. Therefore, take the choice of the location of the car park very seriously.

Car park opening options

The central part of the city. Probably the best option is to open a car park in the central or business part of the city. It is in such crowded areas that the demand for parking services is quite high. But as a rule, everything in the center is already occupied or the lease of the territory is very expensive. Therefore, if there is a shortage of funds, it is better to temporarily choose a more accessible location for your paid parking lot.

Parking in a residential area of the city. In such an advantageous location, there is a fairly high demand for paid parking services. Many people do not own a garage for storing vehicles, which is why they often use the services of parking lots. In addition, the rent of space in a residential area of the city is much lower than in the center, and this is an additional plus in favor of opening a car park in the area of new buildings.

Parking outside the city. It is always much cheaper to rent a land plot outside a settlement, but the attendance of such a place will be several times less. The only option is to open a parking lot in a tourist place with high traffic.

Choosing the type of parking lot

As you know, modern parking lots are of various types: opening, closing, underground and even multi-level.

Outdoor car park

This type of parking is the simplest and most primitive. In this case, vehicles are located in a specially rented, fenced, protected area. The advantage of this type of parking is the minimum investment on the part of the owner. Clients of open parking lots are most often middle-income people. For them, the price of parking is more important than the safety of their own vehicle, there are a lot of such people, so the demand for open parking services does not decrease.

Closed car park

As a rule, motorists who want to protect their vehicle not only from thieves, but also from the effects of climatic conditions, choose closed-type parking lots. These are structures like a garage, only on a larger scale. It is much more expensive to equip a closed parking lot than an open one, but the cost of the service in this case also rises several times.

Paid parking

It is quite profitable to open paid car parks in crowded parts of the city. This way of earning guarantees you a stable income, because the number of people who want to park in a specialized place is only growing. When organizing paid parking, do not forget that the width of the lane for the movement of cars must be at least 7 meters. In addition, the asphalt needs to be covered with a special protective layer that absorbs oil products.

Parking lots for trucks

This business option is very profitable. The main thing in this business is the absence of competitors nearby. Therefore, choose the location of your future car park wisely. Truck parking should be located on the busiest highways. As a rule, truckers look for such places and stop there for a break. Look for vacant spots near roadside cafes and restaurants, or open your own trade establishment on the territory of the car park.

Underground parking

This type of parking is ideal for the central and business part of the city. Therefore, if you decide to open a parking lot in this area, then underground parking is the best, albeit quite costly option.

Video surveillance for car park

Hired personnel

The number of staff will depend on the size of the parking lot. A small parking lot requires the hiring of 2–4 security guards, several valet parking attendants, and one accountant or lawyer.

Treat the choice of personnel quite responsibly. Applicants for the position of security guards must be with experience and good references.

Risks in the car park opening business

Territory lease. There are considerable risks that, if necessary, they will lose a convenient place, return the leased site to its owner. In this case, you will have to move the car park to another location. Therefore, if you plan to open a closed-type parking lot, it is advisable to purchase, not lease, a land plot.

Theft of a car from the parking lot. You need to protect yourself from vehicle thieves to the maximum. In this case, security guards are not enough; it is required to equip the parking area with a video surveillance system. Do not forget that in the event of theft of a vehicle, responsibility and compensation for damages will fall not only on the shoulders of the security guards, but also the owner of the parking lot. Therefore, I recommend that you hire one or two experienced lawyers.

Parking lot opening costs

I will give you a rough list of the main financial costs of opening a car park. We will not make financial calculations, because everything depends on the region, the type of parking and many other nuances that will significantly affect its cost.

Financial costs for opening a parking lot:

Registration of documents, obtaining permits for activities from authorized authorities;
Rent or purchase of a land plot;
Car parking equipment;
Remuneration of employees;
Parking lot advertising costs.

Profit from car park

Your profit is the payment for the vehicle storage service. As a rule, rates are set for an hour or a day. The cost of the service depends on the location and type of car park.

Before setting a quote, check the prices in your region for similar services. Do not forget that parking attendance and, accordingly, your profit depends on the price and quality of services.

Hopefully the above tips will help you open up a car park and be successful in your business.

- a difficult task, the solution of which should be approached with all responsibility. The efficiency of entrepreneurial activity will directly depend on a preliminary analysis of the current market situation in a particular business segment.

A profitable solution in opening your own enterprise will be the organization of parking and parking. Such an idea, if properly executed, in the first year can bring income that is twice the cost. The growth in consumer capacity and the increase in the number of cars in general guarantees a constant demand for paid parking services. In this article, we will look at how to open a car park from scratch in modern conditions.

How to open a car park from scratch

If you are planning to open a car park, the first thing to start with is to study the target audience, that is, the mass of potential customers. Being guided by the state of demand and available supply, you can easily draw up a business plan for the car park.

The main criterion for the efficiency of the parking will be its location. The location of the parking lot will directly affect the total number of customers, as well as their social status and consumer ability. In the future, this will be needed to establish the daily rate and optimize the quality of services provided.

Example: If the location of the parking lot will be a sleeping area, then the main customer base will be ordinary residents with medium and economy class cars. If the site is located next to a shopping mall or a business center, then you will have to serve respectable clients with elite foreign cars. Consequently, additional financial costs for security and video surveillance systems will be required.

When choosing a place for a future parking lot, you should start from the amount of start-up capital and a promising strategy for developing your own business. A place in residential areas would be an ideal place to start. According to economists, these are the points that bring the greatest profit in the beginning.

Important: Research your competitors to avoid unwanted losses. By opening your parking lot next to another car park, you are unlikely to be able to entice customers from a trusted and trusted location.

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Stages of design documentation

After you decide on the location of the parking, you should proceed to obtaining permits for the right to rent from local municipalities.

This process is the most difficult because requires significant financial costs and a lot of coordination with local authorities.

The first step towards opening any business, including a parking lot - or individual entrepreneur. Representatives of both organizational and legal forms are entitled to provide such services.

paid parking - a place where the car owner can deactivate his vehicle and leave it for a short period of time;
car parking - involves finding a car for a long time in a closed guarded area.

The first option will be cheaper, but the revenue from one parking space will be low. Prices at such sites are low, since open parking lots do not protect cars from rain, dust, etc.

If the option with the organization of a closed parking lot seems more attractive to you, then be prepared to spend more money and time to launch such a project. However, the profit will be much higher. Read about.

To set up a full-fledged parking lot, you have to go through several stages:

registration of an application for the right to lease land;
submission of the cadastral plan of the site and all project documentation for future construction to the Land Committee;
consideration and approval of all documentation by local executive authorities.

The established rules for organizing parking lots, in addition to all the listed documents, require the opening of such a point to be coordinated with the following structures:

Traffic police;
Rospotrebnadzor;
Sanitary and Epidemiological Station;
Fire control service.

To determine the size of the land plot leased from the municipality or private owners, the exact number of serviced cars should be established.

The area of the parking lot is chosen at the rate of 2.5 * 5.3 m per one passenger car. It is worth considering the value of the lane width for the movement of vehicles. The recommended value is 7 m.

Important! At the design stage of the parking lot, it is necessary to clarify the values of the regulatory parameters in force on the current date. Such values are contained in the document “Building codes and regulations of the Russian Federation. Car parking ". Full text of SNiP21-02-99 and the current edition can be found on the information and legal portal "Garant" www.garant.ru.

Parking Lot Opening Costs and Potential Profits

After completing all the documents, you can start building the parking lot.

For open parking, you will need to install special barriers and travel restrictions. The price for one item ranges from $ 80 to $ 110. To this should be added the cost of installation work. On average, the price of arranging and fencing an area for 50 parking spaces is $ 4000-6000, depending on the selected materials.

The cost items will have to include the costs of the construction and arrangement of the premises for the guard. Additional funds will be required for lighting and installation of CCTV cameras.

In addition, money will be needed to improve the road surface. Crushed stone can be used as a budget option. It is advisable to asphalt presentable parking lots, but here everything is decided by the supply of start-up capital.

Important! The asphalt should be coated with a special solution to prevent the absorption of oil products. Otherwise, the control authorities have the right to issue a fine. In practice, such situations do occur, but rather rarely.

To have a clear picture of how much it costs to open a parking lot, you should summarize the main cost items for the implementation of this business idea:

lease of a land plot - 100,000-120000 rubles. per month;
paperwork and obtaining all permits - 140,000 rubles;
arrangement of premises for security - 70,000 rubles;
purchase and installation of equipment for parking lots - 300,000-500,000 rubles;
crushed stone - 1500 rubles for 1 cubic meter m. (for asphalting, the price will increase by 3-4 times);
purchase and installation of floodlights - 500 rubles. a piece;
remuneration for staff work - 15,000-20,000 rubles. per employee (from 4 to 6 people).

The income will be approximately 200-400 rubles per one parking space per day. With an average check of 300 rubles, the daily revenue for 50 car places (subject to full workload) will amount to 15,000 rubles.

In this case, annual revenue will be over 5 million rubles with expenses of 3 million.

Depending on whether, or LLC, realizing parking services, the net profit will be from 1.1 to 1.2 million rubles. The payback period for such a project will take from 1.5 to 2 years.

What is needed for the successful implementation of the project

For example, in large cities where there is a real problem with parking spaces, it will be relevant to open a multi-level or underground parking lot.

Despite the desperate efforts of the municipalities of large cities, the total deficit of parking spaces is only getting worse every year. Due to the lack of parking, car owners are forced to park in prohibited places. The phenomenon has become widespread, the fight against it is being waged with varying degrees of success.

Increasing the upper limit for fines for such violations, as a rule, have a short-term effect - over time, the situation becomes poorly controlled again. Motorists themselves are not averse to leaving their cars without breaking the rules, but either the lack of parking in a particular area of the city, or the too high cost of such services, affects.

In other words, the opening of a parking lot should not be regarded as a deliberately hopeless occupation - in this niche there is always a chance of success, even despite a considerable number of competitors. The main thing is to carry out marketing research in order to analyze the market, which will determine the most promising locations. The next steps depend on how realistic your car park business plan will be, and whether you will be able to implement it without significant discrepancies.

Choosing a type of future parking lot

Before you open your own parking lot "from scratch", you need to decide on its type. It should not be assumed that the classic type is the only one possible or available. Open and closed, for cars and, surface and underground, paid parking - this is not a complete list of possible options. Not all of them are easily realizable - for example, a multi-storey parking lot should be designed as part of a general building project - it is almost impossible to organize it in an existing building.

Outdoor car park

If you are experiencing a shortage of start-up capital, if you are looking for the easiest way with a minimum surplus, this option will be the most attractive for you. It does not require a large amount of free funds or large-scale construction work. It is enough to find a site suitable for the location and size, erect a fence, put up a security booth and organize a convenient entry / exit.

Requirements for open-type parking projects are minimal; solving all organizational issues will take a minimum of time, effort and money. Your current expenses will consist of renting a land plot and salaries for security guards, initial expenses are the registration of a business and related documentation, as well as work on creating the appropriate infrastructure (erection of a fence and premises for personnel).

The hardest part is finding the right place. It is very difficult to do this in the central part - competition is high, there are few vacancies, and the rental price is high. Another thing is in residential areas, where the concentration of personal transport is also high, the shortage of suitable sites is much less pronounced, and rental prices are quite acceptable.

Closed parking

The main advantage of this type of parking lot is the protection of cars from external factors. Those car owners who value not only the safety of their cars from thieves, but also their appearance, prefer closed structures that can reduce the rate of corrosion.

Opening a parking lot for closed cars will be much more expensive, since you will need to spend money on arranging a capital roof. But the cost of the service is about twice as high, so if the location is successful, the startup will definitely be profitable.

Paid parking

The main difference between parking and parking is that the latter involves placing the vehicle for an arbitrarily long time. In case of parking, only a short stop of the car is permissible. But if the place is crowded, then you can guarantee that there are no free seats for most of the day, that is, for a good profitability of the project. It is important to take into account that the requirements for such places are quite strict: taking into account the area occupied by parked cars, the width of the carriageway should not be less than 7 m.

To open a paid parking lot for cars, you will also have to take measures to apply a protective layer to the roadway designed to absorb oil products and other technical liquids that may flow out of a stationary car due to a leakage of the corresponding systems.

Truck parking lots

Within the city limits, such a parking can be organized only in industrial zones, but there you cannot count on a large number of customers. The best location for parking trucks is considered to be a busy highway, on which traffic of this category of vehicles is allowed. And if there are infrastructure facilities nearby (tire fitting, etc.), you can rest assured that truckers will be happy to park their truck at your outdoor truck parking lot.

Underground parking

This solution is considered ideal for locations such as the central / business part of the city, near large shopping facilities and entertainment centers. However, the organization of underground parking, as well as a multi-storey one, requires significant investments, most of which will go to design and construction work. If you are a private entrepreneur, then this option will be practically inaccessible for you - you will have to look for other ways how to open your own paid parking lot.

Drawing up a business plan

Any startup is unthinkable without a detailed business plan. Even if it is not planned to attract investors. In our case, it is also necessary, despite the seeming simplicity of the task, especially in the case of an open parking lot. Any mistake in this document, which is a guide to action, can lead to a loss of profit and even to the closure of the business before it reaches self-sufficiency. As practice shows, such cases are more a pattern than an exception to the rule.

The presence of such a document is not an absolute guarantee of business success, even if it is perfect. Not even the most detailed, but well thought out and carefully planned business plan increases your chances of achieving profitability in the shortest possible time.

If you are a beginner entrepreneur, it is not at all necessary to pore over its compilation - after all, in the absence of experience and knowledge, its quality will be far from what is required. It is much easier and more efficient to take a ready-made template or parking lot and adjust it in accordance with specific realities. It doesn't cost that much, and maybe it's free. But you will save a lot of time, protecting yourself from "childish" mistakes, and get an initial idea of what you have to do.

Market analysis

Marketing research should always precede any other stage. When planning the arrangement of a car parking, engage in market research in your city aimed at identifying the most profitable locations, analyzing pricing in a niche and researching the most fruitful business ideas.

The following statistics will help you in your endeavors:

the most widespread in Russia are paid car parks of the open type, in second place are closed car parks;
the most profitable are the properties located in the business / residential areas of large cities;
payment for services is most often hourly, but the option of daily payment must also be present. The national average cost of one hour of parking is 60 rubles, the minimum cost of the daily rate is 200 rubles. Prices may vary depending on the location;
over 80% of car owners leave their cars in parking lots for a period not exceeding 3 hours;
in recent years, in megacities, supply lagged behind demand by 80-90%;
the increase in the amount of the fine to 700 rubles (the upper limit is 1000 rubles) for violations associated with leaving the vehicle in the wrong place has led to an increase in popularity.

When planning the size of the object, it is necessary to take into account that, according to the "Rules for the provision of services in the field of parking lots", introduced in 2001, the minimum distance between a residential building and a parking lot must be 50 meters. The design should be carried out on the basis that one car will require 25 m 2, and the distance between adjacent rows should be from 7 meters. At the same time, a special coating must be applied to the asphalt in the parking area, which will prevent the penetration of oil products into the soil.

At this stage, it is necessary to carefully consider the target audience, that is, who can become your regular customer. You can count on the following categories of the population:

residents of high-rise buildings belonging to a group of people with an average level of income - they are the ones who are guided by open protected areas with a relatively low price level;
in more prestigious areas, it is preferable to equip a closed parking lot - it will be preferred by car owners with incomes above the average level;
tourists and businessmen visiting the busiest areas of the city will be glad to have any opportunity to park their cars.

Location

Knowing what it takes to open a parking lot is not enough. The choice of its location is one of the most important and responsible points of the business plan, therefore, the choice of location should be taken very carefully. This task should be facilitated by the marketing research carried out at the previous stage.

The most preferred are the following location options:

central areas of the city. If you can find a suitable site here and solve all organizational issues, then you can consider yourself lucky. It is in the most visited areas that the demand for parking services is highest. The element of luck is simply necessary here - usually the center and the business part have already been "captured" by competitors, and where there is still an opportunity to equip parking, the rental price is prohibitive. If your budget is limited, it is better to abandon this option in favor of a more affordable one;
sleeping areas. There are good chances of success here, regardless of whether this is a place of accumulation of old high-rise buildings or new buildings. In both cases, there will be a shortage of personal garages, and the adjoining territory will be able to accept only a very small part of the cars. Land rent here is significantly lower, plus you can count on at least at night, although your parking lot will not be empty during the day;
car park outside the city limits. Here the cost of renting a land plot is minimal, but the attendance is much lower. But here, too, options are possible - for example, the proximity of a large mall, a tourist or other object that is popular with the population.

Services

In addition to parking cars or trucks, you can also focus on two-wheeled vehicles - it all depends on the preferences of the local population and the characteristics of a particular location. You can also expand the functionality of the site by providing space for storing winter tires and other auto accessories and equipment.

If you are working for the future, you should think about a car wash, a spare parts store, providing for this the availability of free space in the area where the parking lot is located.

Form of activity

It is also necessary to determine the form of economic activity. The most common options are individual entrepreneurs and LLCs. In our case, an individual entrepreneur will be a preferable option, both from a financial point of view, and purely organizationally. In a word, if you want to save money and are not guided by a scale that goes beyond one or several parking lots, then issue an IP. It will cost from 30,000 rubles.

Registration features

When starting to draw up a business plan, it is necessary to provide for an item concerning the legalization of a parking lot, that is, its registration.

This procedure includes several activities of different complexity:

obtaining permission from the municipal authorities for the right to lease the selected land plot. This will not be an easy task, since you will have to spend a lot of effort, nerves and funds, to use personal connections (your own or your friends, acquaintances). The more prestigious the area, the larger the area of the site, the more obstacles you will have to overcome. And to face the human factor in the person of specific officials. It is at this stage that many start-up entrepreneurs stumble, who are sickened by flirting with the authorities;
after obtaining permission and concluding a lease, it is necessary to develop and execute the project documentation of the object, which will have to be coordinated in the prefecture, and then in the Land Committee. If you have successfully coped with obtaining permits for the site, then there should be no big problems with the project. Although nuances are possible here;
Finally, if your business plan provides for the construction of an object (and if it is not an open parking lot, then such a need will arise), then an appropriate permit will also be required.

Get ready for the fact that the stage of obtaining all permits will cost you at least 100,000 rubles.

The cost of opening a parking lot as a business "from scratch"

The most important part of the business plan is the financial section, which describes the estimated costs and expected profits. You should not assume that taking ready-made calculations as an example and making your own adjustments, you will get numbers that will become final. They can be used as a guide, but trust me, you will have to make a lot of adjustments to them. That is why we present a business plan for a parking lot with calculations that may turn out to be far from reality, since they depend on a large number of factors.

In any case, all financial costs associated with are divided into one-time and monthly. We will list them in one list:

costs for registration of permits from local authorities;
the cost of renting or purchasing a land plot for parking;
arrangement costs;
costs of advertising and marketing activities;
remuneration of personnel.

How much does it cost to open a parking lot: basic costs

Consider what needs to be done to arrange a parking lot:

install a fence, bring communications (electricity is required, Internet with distribution via Wi-Fi is desirable);
install an automatic barrier at the entrance;
The guard post for staff must have good visibility, especially if the parking area is large. You will need a two-story building with furniture, a computer, communication means;
you will have to take care of the installation of the video surveillance system, if you do not want to often sue your clients in case of controversial issues and problematic points;
if you have been allocated an unpaved land plot, you will need to lay asphalt. In addition, in accordance with environmental standards, opening a parking lot is impossible without applying a special composition that prevents the absorption of oil products and other technical liquids into the soil. Failure to comply with the latter requirement can lead to serious fines;
part of the funds will have to be spent on providing lighting for the parking lot at night.

The approximate cost of performing all these activities is from 150,000 rubles.

Staff

When arranging a site designed to accommodate up to 100 vehicles, 3-4 employees will be required (shift work organization). If you do not want to take over the maintenance of accounting documentation, you will also need an accountant. The total cost of salaries will be 70-90 thousand rubles / month, but, again, this will depend on the region, area of the city and your generosity.

Risks

A car park as a business does not require superfluous efforts in registration, obtaining permits and arrangement, the profitability in this niche is also quite good. But there are several points that relate to risks and that must be taken into account:

since in most cases the option of leasing a land plot is chosen (for a novice businessman, its acquisition will hardly be possible), then you need to be prepared for the fact that the owner of the plot can terminate the lease at any time, referring to any formal argument (for example, a buyer has appeared ), and then you have to move. However, it is possible that you yourself can become the initiator of the transfer of the parking lot for objective reasons. In this case, all your expenses for the arrangement will have to be spent again;
the possibility of theft or damage to vehicles is another serious risk. It must be remembered that in such cases, not only the specific guard will be guilty, but also the owner of the parking lot. If your guilt is proven in court, the financial costs will be impressive. The presence of a video surveillance system and well-written constituent documents will help reduce these risks, but not completely eliminate them, therefore, insurance is highly desirable. In this case, the burden of compensation payments will fall on the shoulders of the IC, but your income will decrease accordingly.

Profitability

The last point of the business plan is the calculation of profitability and profitability. This niche is considered to be highly profitable. Assuming that the daily stay of a car in the parking lot will give you an average of 200 rubles (during this time several cars may change), and the capacity of the parking lot is 50 cars, then with full employment your income will be 10,000 rubles, you will receive 300 thousand.

From this amount you will need to subtract taxes, rental costs, salaries and other expenses. As a result, the net profit will amount to 60,000-90,000 rubles, the approximate period of full payback of a startup is from 1 to 2 years.

And now we will give the final calculations, so that it is convenient to operate with numbers:

the cost of obtaining permits - from 100,000 rubles;
costs of arranging a parking lot - from 150,000 rubles;
monthly rental cost - from 80,000 rubles;
expenses for registration of an individual entrepreneur - from 30,000 rubles;
salary for security guards / accountant - from 90,000 rubles.

The amount of monthly expenses will be about 200,000 rubles, the expected income - 250-300 thousand, net income - 50-100 thousand. Payback - from 1 year.

Once again, we note that the figures are approximate, in reality, each of the indicated points may turn out to be both more and less. But in any case, opening up a parking lot can be seen as sufficient. Provided a competently conducted market analysis in your city and a well-prepared business plan, even a novice entrepreneur can easily organize such a business, since the amount of investment in the case of organizing an open parking lot is small.

The assessment of the prospects in this case depends on your entrepreneurial acumen: already at the stage of site selection, you need to provide for the presence of free territories in the immediate vicinity, which can be used to expand the parking area or to organize related businesses. The sites located in the area of capital construction will be very promising, and the larger it is, the more dividends you will receive in the future.