Project of houses with a terrace and a pitched roof. Nadezhda is a country mini-house for starting family life. Advantages of houses with pitched roofs

Inspired by the landscapes of Finland and the buildings harmoniously integrated into its rocky landscape, we decided to create a project with a European vision.

Distinctive feature Our country house has a pitched roof. Now it’s difficult to say with complete certainty where it came from. constructive solution, but the simplicity and functionality of such a roof makes the buildings interesting both from an architectural and structural point of view.

Advantages of a pitched roof

The most obvious positive point will be the simplicity of the design, which entails the rapid erection of a pitched roof.
The second point follows from the first - the cheapness of the roof. The area of roofing materials and construction materials is reduced, the lightness and simplicity of construction significantly reduces the cost of the roof.
It is impossible not to note the aesthetic component of a pitched roof. It’s not for nothing that our northern neighbors everywhere use such architectural solutions. People like simplicity and completeness in architecture, and not only in architecture.

These are probably not all the advantages of a pitched roof. I think each of you will note many more winning moments for yourself.

Now let's get back to our project. The house is designed to be small in size, it is perfect for a cottage or garden. Let's look at the layout.

Terrace - 16 square meters in area. If desired, it can be enlarged, made open and, for example, partially glazed. The entrance hall is 4 square meters, this area will allow you to optimally arrange this space.

From the hallway there are doors to three rooms. Bathroom, I won’t tire of repeating - a bathroom is necessary in a country house.

Kitchen living room to the left - 12 square meters. Optimal size for premises of such purpose. A large window will fill the room with light and visually add additional volume.

Finnish house layout

The bedroom in our country house is also 12 meters in area. Standard size bedroom that can accommodate a large bed wardrobe and chest of drawers. In the bedroom, we believe, there should be no unnecessary cluttering furniture. Under ideal conditions, you can discard the closet by placing items from it in a closet or another room.

Implication of premises:

A short summary: the project of a Finnish house with a pitched roof is perfect for a garden and cottage, both seasonal and permanent residence for 2-3 people. Also, during construction, you can experiment a little with the layout, enlarge or reduce the kitchen, in favor of other rooms.

How much does a Finnish house cost in 2019?

The prices above are for houses built according to frame-panel technology or from profiled timber and used in dacha mode - timber thickness 90x140 mm or slab insulation 100 mm.

The timber is used only chamber drying(not natural humidity). For main walls this is critical. Drying of timber is carried out in compliance with all technologies - 14 days of drying at 30-40 degrees in soft mode. The soft drying mode expels moisture from the center to the edges, preserving the texture of the material and preventing the occurrence of cracks.

The project can be supplemented or simplified to suit climatic, aesthetic or financial needs. Below are the prices for this project in various configurations.

From profiled timber:

Log house - 460,500 rub.
"DACHA" package - RUB 764,800.
"Permanent residence" package - 969,000
"PREMIUM" package - 2,160,000

Frame version:

Frame house with a roof - 480,500 rubles.
"DACHA" package - RUB 743,100.
Complete set "Permanent residence" - 922,400 rubles.
"PREMIUM" package - RUB 1,940,000.

You can receive a complete estimate for construction or ask a question by sending an email [email protected]

Living in an urban environment, most people dream of relaxation, silence and unification with nature. There is such an opportunity, because you can build a small country house, where you can always enjoy nature, gather with your family at the same table and invite guests to barbecue. In order for a country house to be not only attractive externally, but also reliable inside, it is necessary to take care of the quality of its construction, in particular the roof.

Country house with one pitched roof may have different layouts, color design and style direction, the main task is to fit it into the surrounding landscape so that it looks natural and appropriate. A dacha can have both guest and primary significance, and can be used throughout the year, or only in the summer season.

Most classic version roof organization - construction of a gable structure. However, not everyone can afford large financial expenses, so you need to look for ways to reduce the cost of a house, doing it in such a way that the reliability of the structure does not suffer.

Most developers in this case recommend using a pitched roof structure, because it has the optimal balance of strength, convenience and design. A roof of a simple shape can be erected quickly and easily, and calculating it is not difficult. Finished projects You can find it on the Internet or contact specialists who can make a turnkey cottage. In order for the dacha project to single-pitch construction the roof was successful you need to follow some rules and conditions.

In order for a cottage with a pitched roof to meet aesthetic and technical requirements, it is necessary:

The right combination of roof and facade of the house, they must complement each other,

creating a single composition.

The use of a simple roof should not affect the strength of the cottage. This issue is especially important in areas where there is a lot of rainfall.

Important! If the country house has large dimensions and the area of the pitched roof is large, then you need to make the roof more durable. To do this, increase the cross-section of the sheathing and rafters, and use additional supports. In this case, you need to pay attention to the angle of inclination of the slope, which should facilitate the outflow of water and melted snow from the roof surface.

Advantages and disadvantages of a summer house with a pitched roof

In most cases, owners of country houses and dachas give preference to a gable roof structure, considering it more advantageous from an aesthetic and economic point of view. However, they are not entirely right, because a pitched roof is cheaper, and in appearance it may turn out to be no worse, and in some cases even better. Projects country houses with a pitched roof are not often found, but are not inferior to other structures, because they have an original appearance.

Thanks to modern technologies and high-quality roofing coverings, it is possible to build a reliable country house with a pitched roof, while it will meet the owner’s expectations and delight him with coziness and comfort. Such designs are most popular in America and some European countries; in the Russian Federation, such houses are especially popular in regions with cold climates.

Advantages of a summer house with a pitched roof:

Economic benefit. You can save on roofing and all other materials that are used to construct the roof and rafter system.
Simple and quick installation, which you can do yourself.
Shed roof structure – optimal solution for regions with strong winds, since such a roof has a small windage.
The simplicity of the design makes the collection of sediments less difficult in comparison with complex structures.
Ease of repair work.
Looks original on large houses.
Having properly planned the attic space, you can convert it into an attic with windows and actively use it, creating an additional recreation area.

Key points for arranging a pitched roof for a country house

To build a reliable building, you need to know the structure of the roof, which contains the following points:

Before starting construction, it is necessary to determine the angle of inclination of the roof, and it is necessary to take into account the weather conditions of the region, snow and wind loads. After this, the roof area is calculated and roofing is purchased; you need to make a reserve of about 15%.
The slope of the roof is created due to the difference in the heights of two opposite walls; the back side of the house should be lower than the front side. The following can be used as roofing: metal tiles, corrugated sheets, seam roofing, slate, roofing felt or ondulin. The home owner decides which roofing material to choose, taking into account the service life of the material, climate conditions and his own financial capabilities.
It is important to pay Special attention construction of the roof frame. To create the structure, lumber is used that has been pre-treated with antiseptics and dried. The amount of materials directly depends on the dimensions of the roof.
To begin with, a mauerlat is installed on the top of the walls using anchor fasteners, after which beams are laid on it, the distance between which should be 70-80 centimeters. The end of each beam extends about half a meter outside.
Vertical rafters are attached to the beams - supports for high point roofs that form a 90 degree angle with the base.
Installation of rafters to which the sheathing will be attached. One side rests on the beam, the other on the vertical rafters. It is important that all elements have the same angle of inclination and height.
Manufacturing and installation of sheathing, the pitch of which depends on the roofing material used. With the help of lathing, the rafters are combined into one system, thereby increasing the rigidity of the structure. Thermal insulation is laid between the rafters, and we must not forget about high-quality waterproofing. After this, you can begin installing the roofing.

However, this design is also not without its disadvantages:

Particular attention must be paid to calculating the cross-sections of all elements of the rafter system so that they can cope with the imposed mechanical load.
In order for there to be a roof reliable protection dachas need to use more expensive and enhanced options for thermal insulation and waterproofing.
A boring appearance that can be corrected with expensive roofing materials and original design solutions.

Completed projects of houses with pitched roofs or roofs with several slopes on different levels become popular. Modern technologies open up the most daring and original solutions.

Advantages of houses with pitched roofs

A flat roof for private houses still looks unusual in our country. More often we see them in foreign films with actions taking place in southern countries New World. Or in southern Europe, for example in the Balkans, where flat reds are popular tiled roofs. For us, the reason for the low popularity lies in the harsher climate. Heavy snow cover requires a strong roof and conditions for the sliding of snow crust that has not reached a large mass.

For these reasons, a shed roof is not used as often as a traditional gable or hipped roof.

However, the benefits of using pitched roofs are undeniable, and therefore the number of customers is gradually increasing. The list of advantages of this solution is convincing:

The disadvantages of a pitched roof are obvious only if the design and construction are unsuccessful and concern appearance, danger of overload from snow cover and the need for high-quality waterproofing.

Options for design solutions for houses with a pitched roof

Currently, design and construction companies offer different variants the use of single-pitched roofs or roofs with several slopes located at different levels and in different planes. It is safe to say that in this diversity you can always find a solution that will suit the most demanding customer.

When designing houses of this type, several technical and regulatory aspects should be analyzed. Unlike houses with a gable roof, the wind resistance of the lean-to version is higher. However, if designers propose the continuation of the roof in the form of a canopy over the veranda or over the parking lot, then such a solution requires careful calculations. The additional open roof area dramatically increases windage and can cause destruction. Therefore, it is important to provide additional fastenings in the form of reinforced racks or additional beams.

Project of a house with a pitched roof

Houses with one pitched roof are usually of medium size and small area. When designing them, you should pay attention to the rational use of usable space. Due to uneven ceiling heights, the highest rooms should be reserved for common rooms, living rooms. For bedrooms and auxiliary premises, you can allocate rooms with more low ceilings.

For example, let's take a project country house, originally integrated into the surrounding landscape. Such a house is a harmonious and practical solution. Single wooden roof over everything internal space the home gives it a natural, natural look.

Large roof overhangs do not pose a danger of destruction, since the surrounding trees reliably protect the house from the wind

Practicality when using different heights of rooms is brought almost to the ideal. The staircase, terrace and large windows on the slope side provide additional views, and also leave space for a hallway and utility compartments under the upper part of the roof. Additional reaction supports provide reliability to the roof fastening. Warmth, comfort and a realized dream emanate from such a house.

Project of a log house with a pitched roof

The design of this log house in nature is unpretentious, but very harmonious. An ideal place for family recreation, fishing and hunting. And not only in summer time, since a house made of timber can be heated quickly enough in winter, turning it into a warm, cozy place for spending leisure time. The pitched roof makes it possible to arrange additional camp sleeping places. Terrace and summer area without special costs can become a comfortable place for family and friends. A canopy or tent will quickly turn it into a comfortable overnight camp.

A pitched roof successfully crowns an elegant house on the shore of a reservoir, which can be used for living when going fishing or hunting.

Houses made from ordinary logs are traditionally built with a gable roof. However, now there are often cases when the option of a pitched roof is used.

Photo gallery: options for log houses with a pitched roof

A log house with two pitched roofs is quite suitable for year-round residence A log house with a pitched roof is ideal for installing a bathhouse. The roof slope can have a wave-like shape.

Projects of houses with a pitched roof and a garage

A pitched roof, with its inherent disadvantage of incompleteness, is radically transformed in a solution with several slopes at different levels. Individual blocks of the house, garage or terrace are perfectly balanced appearance, giving it a complete and harmonious look. At the same time, all the practical advantages of a pitched roof are preserved.

A garage space fits well into this composition. This is especially true when there is a separate passage from the house to it. For dynamic people who value every minute, this advantage is undeniable.

An auxiliary garage roof with an oppositely oriented slope successfully compensates for the height of the main house
Similar associations are evoked by a site with a house and a full complex of buildings made of pitched roofs. The uniform style of all buildings creates a harmonious ensemble.

If all the buildings on the site have the same roofs, it looks stylish and quite unique
The project of a two-story spacious house with a built-in garage seems interesting and original. Flat roof, big square house on a small plot of land solves the issue of using usable space with maximum efficiency.

A large pitched roof with a minimal angle of inclination allows for the most efficient use of the space of the second floor
An original result when designing houses based on pitched roofs is achieved if the dwelling is divided into separate blocks. Each such block can have its own pitched roof, but their direction can be very different. Architects design original options such structures, each of which carries its own individuality. For northern regions, the slope of the roof should ensure guaranteed removal of snow cover without the accumulation of large masses on the surface.

The originality of such a project is achieved due to multidirectional planes of pitched roofs

Country house with a pitched roof

It is convenient to build a country house with a pitched roof on sloping section. At the same time, the natural slope can be practically used to reduce costs by fitting part of the living space into the existing topography. Such a “dugout” for utility rooms can be practically useful: cool in summer, warm in winter. Large terrace with glass walls successfully opens a view of the open part of the landscape.

In the part of the house located on a slope, utility rooms are successfully placed, in which a comfortable climate is always created

Sloping roofs on non-residential buildings and structures

The sloping roof is gradually becoming commonplace for buildings for a wide variety of purposes, from summer country houses for seasonal living to all sorts of outbuildings. This roof design is well suited for the installation and maintenance of solar panel elements. The high cost of energy and its shortage make any alternative energy supply solutions a priority. This is one of the reasons that many cannot afford to live in environmentally friendly areas due to the high cost of heating.

Greenhouse project with a polycarbonate pitched roof

Sloping pitched roof for a greenhouse - good decision to minimize the cost of its construction. Since such structures are often made on their own, it is recommended to properly design them in terms of strength and efficiency. Excessive strength requirements can lead to an unjustified increase in the cost of the object. At the same time, insufficient strength can cause destruction from wind or snow load.

At correct calculation height and slope of the greenhouse roof, snow can be easily removed from it

Projects of sheds with a pitched roof (3x6, 4x6)

The most common use of pitched roofs is in the construction of various utility buildings, sheds, and poultry houses. When using logs to build a shed, there is no need to build a strong foundation, given the light weight of the tree. An urgent issue is ensuring tightness to prevent the penetration of rodents. To do this, the joints of the walls and roof must be connected with minimal gaps, and buried masonry made of special bricks can be used as a foundation.

Sheds made of blocks with a pitched roof are equipped with strong beams to prevent destruction from the wind. Fastening to such beams allows you to evenly distribute the load on the walls.

For outbuildings, the use of pitched roofs is the most common option.

Features of designing pitched roofs

Designing houses with a pitched roof has a number of technical and architectural features. If you take them into account correctly, the result will be High Quality. It is also important to follow all the necessary rules for roof operation. Let's list some of these features and rules:

Must be carefully designed external finishing Houses. Participation will definitely be needed here experienced designer, architect. A flat roof eliminates many of the finishing options that are acceptable on a gable roof.
When designing a roof, it is necessary to provide high-quality waterproofing, since a flat roof is much more vulnerable and prone to leaks. For example, the need to periodically clear the roof of snow mechanically can easily damage the outer protective layer of the roof, and therefore durable materials should be used.
When building a roof, the participation of professional roofers is also necessary to avoid defects or deviations from building regulations.
It is necessary to regularly monitor the condition of the roof, since timely elimination of defects will significantly reduce the cost of maintaining the house.

When designing pitched roofs, the initial data for calculations are the following information:

Technical specifications for design. This can be a traditional regulatory document or a design project, sketch, drawing.
Data on maximum snow load.
Planned roof angle.
Load-bearing wall material.
Maximum loads on walls.
Preferential wind direction data.
Layout of premises.
Foundation design.
The total budget of the facility.

The most important point when designing a pitched roof is the choice of version of the rafter system. The type of trusses and the number of spacer elements are determined by the distance between the walls of the house.

The design of the rafter system is determined by the length of the building span

Any roofing material can be used to cover a pitched roof. Depending on the planned covering, appropriate changes are made to the roof structure. This applies to the lathing design, size and strength of the materials used.

Video: Designing a Roof Slope

Shed roofs, roofs with several inclined slopes at different levels, and canopies open up many rational options when designing a home. Modern durable materials allow you to realize the most original design solutions. These and other factors allow an increase in the number of developers who have chosen pitched roofs.

A pitched roof is not so often used for arranging the roofs of private houses, although both the structure itself and its installation are much simpler than a gable roof. It is believed that this type of roof does not retain heat in the house well enough, therefore, it is more often used in the construction of country houses and barns. However, it should be noted that this structure can be made warm and even arranged under it extra room, if the thermal insulation is installed correctly.

A do-it-yourself pitched roof is made according to previously drawn up drawings made on the basis of calculations. This is especially important in cases where it is planned to make living space underneath.

Main advantages and disadvantages of the design

The advantages of this design include the following:

Saving money on the purchase of building materials.
Simplicity of design, and therefore of installation.
Light weight compared to the gable option - less load is placed on the walls.
High resistance to wind and loads from snow accumulated on the roof.
The structure can be erected in a different angular range - from 5 to 45º.
A pitched roof, made at a slight angle, allows you to install a hot water tank or solar panels, and also arrange a place to relax.
Such a structure can be covered with any of the existing roofing materials, of course, taking into account the conditions of its operation and the angle of inclination.

Naturally, like any structure, a pitched roof has its drawbacks, which you also need to know when choosing this option:

A roof with one slope requires more serious insulation than one, since there is not such a large space under it, which creates an air gap. Without reliable thermal insulation, the attic space will become very hot in the summer months and cool down in the winter months, in both cases transferring the temperature into the house. However, if you correctly calculate and install all the elements, this drawback can be avoided.
If the ceiling is made immediately under the roof, arranged at a small angle, then the house loses not only the upper air gap, but also the attic, and therefore the opportunity to arrange an additional room - this can be considered the second design flaw. But, if the attic space is planned a little differently, then this drawback can be overcome.

Another disadvantage of a pitched roof applies only to a structure that has slight slope at 5-10º - this is a poor removal of snow masses from it. So, if there is a large accumulation of snow, the roof will have to be cleared manually or a heated roof system can be made using a heating cable.

Prices for heating cable and components

Heating cable and accessories

Video: small country house with a pitched roof

Calculation of a pitched roof structure

If you decide to install a pitched roof, then first you need to make calculations and make sure they are correct by seeing with your own eyes the preliminary result in the drawing. Only in this case can you get exactly the option that is ideal for a particular building and its residents.

In order to create such a diagram, you will need to determine the following parameters:

The total width of the building and the length of the spans between load-bearing walls.
Estimated slope angle.
Overall roof length.
Desired roofing material.
Height and width of load-bearing walls.

If the roof is planned for country house or, then it is enough to make the front wall of the building slightly higher than the back one to a certain height in order to increase the slope angle.

— The internal distance between the walls will determine how much the rafters should be strengthened and how many beams will be required.

— Before completing the drawing, it is necessary to decide whether it is planned to attic to arrange a living room - the angle of inclination of the slope and the height of the pediment being built will depend on this decision.

— Also, the angle will depend on how much you plan to take out the trump card To to the rooks in front and behind the building.

— In addition, you need to decide on the location of the veranda or terrace, since the roof in front or behind the house may cover it too.

— The above factors directly affect the length, and the total length of the building affects their number.

— The rafters are laid across the building at a distance of 500 to 800 mm from each other. The wider the building, the longer and more massive the rafters should be. Their cross-section varies from 80×150 mm and above. For example, if the rafters are fixed over a span of 6-7 meters, then the cross-sectional size of the rafters must be at least 110x200 mm.

— For the manufacture of rafters, high-quality, well-dried lumber is selected, which does not have cracks and large knots, especially in the areas of their connection with other parts. made from thick boards or timber.

— When the length of the blanks is not enough due to the large width of the structure, they have to be joined. The connection of two parts of the rafters into a single piece is recommended to be placed on support beams or, if they consist of boards, one of them should be located at least 500 mm over the other.

— Sometimes the rafters are even made up of three parts. In this case, the central part of the rafters extends to the outer ones also by a distance of 500 mm.

— To prevent the rafters from sagging over time, they are supported and secured various elements rafter system - struts, crossbars and racks. Such additional details are used if the span width exceeds a distance of 5 meters.

The cross-sectional dimensions of these reinforcing elements must be at least 50×100 mm, and for spacers and beds - 100×150 mm.

— With a span length of 12 m, a stand must be installed in the middle of the floor beam, which also serves to support the rafter leg.

— If the length between opposite walls exceeds 12 m, then, in addition to the rack, additional rafter legs are installed - they will give rigidity to the flooring.

— If the distance between the load-bearing walls is 15 meters or more, there must be at least two racks, and each one under rafter legs installed as close as possible to the middle of the rafter span between the gable wall and support stand. Additionally, in the center of the structure, the racks are fastened together with a screed bar - this distance should be one third of the width of the building.

- Whatever the angle of the pitched roof, the rafters are laid on the roof, fixed to the walls and to the pediment.

The diagrams show options for supports in rafter systems, with spans of different sizes between the walls. You can easily navigate through them when drawing up a design diagram for a specific building.

The roof drawing must contain all the necessary information about all sizes of structural elements and the distances between them. Having such a diagram at hand, it will be easy to use it do work, so the drawing must be drawn up very carefully and accurately.

Calculation of the roof slope angle

It is calculated based on the fact that the roof has the shape of a triangle, in which one angle is always right. This angle is formed by the legs of the floor beams and the pediment part of the structure, and the rafters in this figure play the role of the hypotenuse.

In the presented figure the following are applied symbols:

— Lc- length of the rafter leg;

— Lbc- the height of the pediment from the floor beams to the intersection with the roof plane;

— Lsd– width of the house;

— A– selected or calculated slope angle.

If you remember the basic school course trigonometry and arm yourself with a calculator, it will not be difficult to calculate all the parameters of the future roof, based on the initial values. The width of the building is easy to measure, and the second parameter can be either the desired gable height or the selected roof slope angle.

So, if the width of the building and the planned height of the pediment are taken as a basis, then the angle of the slope can be easily calculated using the formula:

TgA = Lbc : Lсд

If the calculations are based on the selected angle of the roof slope, then the height of the pediment will be equal to:

Lbc =TgA× Lsd

Lc = Lсд : СosA

At the same time, do not forget that the length of the rafters, calculated in this way, is only up to the intersection with the plane of the walls, without taking into account the canopies on the front and rear sides of the building.

The slope of the slope angle is selected depending on certain criteria, one of which is the selected type of roofing material, since for each of them it is recommended to select a certain value or a parameter as close as possible to it, for example:

— Corrugated sheeting requires a slope of at least 8º.

— When using metal tiles, you can make a roof with a slope of 30º.

— For slate, an angle of 20–30° is good.

— For rolled roofing materials, such as roofing felt, as well as other soft roof The recommended slope angle is 5-7°, but not less.

If the roof does not have a heating system, and the building is located in a region where winter time there is a large amount of precipitation, then the best option there will be a pitched roof, arranged at an angle of 40-45°, no matter what roofing material it is covered with.

In addition to the above data, you need to understand what types of rafter systems there are.

Types of rafter systems on a pitched roof

When installing a pitched roof, it can be designed in one of three options, the choice of which depends on the type and size of the building:

A hanging system is installed in rare cases when there are no permanent partitions between the main load-bearing walls. When constructing such a roof, for ease of work, a temporary flooring of boards is laid on the floor beams. On this basis, the trusses of the rafter system are assembled. To hanging system was reliable, the parallel walls on which the floor beams will be laid must be brought to the same height. If necessary, this type of construction is used in houses built from any types of materials used in construction.

If a room is planned in the attic, then ventilation is arranged as for a living space.

If the structure will only serve as an attic, then ventilation must be strengthened, since the room will not be heated. In this case, ventilation must function effectively so that moisture does not accumulate here and dampness and mold do not arise, which will eventually appear in the house.

Layered rafter systems are distinguished by the fact that they are installed in buildings with internal capital partitions, which become additional supports for floor beams.

In layered systems, the rafters are installed rigidly on the gable wall, on which installed Mauerlat, and their lower edge may be fixed both rigidly and on sliding fastenings. Brick or stone houses are mainly covered with such shed roof structures.

For structural rigidity, additional spacer elements are installed. There are several systems for installing them, depending on how much free space there should be in the attic, the angle of the slope and the massiveness of the rafters.

The sliding rafter system is used mainly for log cabins, as it avoids deformation of the roof structure if the house shrinks. When installing this type of roof, the rafters are rigidly fixed to the gable wall, on the Mauerlat, and their lower part is attached to the Mauerlat exclusively with sliding fasteners, which, when the walls of the house oscillate, allow the rafters to take a comfortable position.

Installation of a pitched roof

Having specified V all the necessary nuances, having made calculations, drawn up a drawing of the roof and purchased as required for work materials, you can begin to install the structure.

To make the work easier and safer, the structure must be immediately covered with beams attic floor. They are laid on strips of roofing felt waterproofing laid on the walls. The beams are placed at the same distance from each other as the rafters will be installed in the future - it usually ranges from 500 to 800 mm.

Prices for timber

On the rear lower wall of the building, along its entire length, a mauerlat made of massive timber is laid on top of the floor beams.
Next, a flooring of boards should be laid on the beams - it will be safe to walk on it and it will be more convenient to continue the construction of the structure.

The next stage is the construction of the pediment wall; it is built from the same material as the entire building, or from another, lighter one. For example, if the building is built of brick, then the pediment can be raised from bars and boards.
Floor beams, previously covered with waterproofing, are embedded in the wall. The pediment is raised to the height specified in the drawing.
On the gable wall, just like on the opposite wall, the mauerlat beam is fixed.
Next, markings are made on the lower wall, and fasteners are screwed in to install the rafters.
On the rafters, for their rigid fastening, according to the drawing, grooves are cut out with which they will be put on on the Mauerlat on the upper wall and the lower one, if provided.

Then they are secured using special corners and fasteners. On the gable, the rafters are screwed rigidly, while on the lower mauerlat they can be installed in sliding fasteners, depending on the type of structure chosen.

There is a sequence for cutting in rafters: first, the outermost elements of the entire rafter system are installed, then a cord is pulled along them, which will become a level for the remaining parts. Distance betweenrafters must correspond distance between floor beams.
For stability, the installed rafters are connected to the floor beams with racks, struts and other elements discussed above. They are secured with metal brackets and corners, which adds rigidity to the structure.

If it is necessary to extend the rafters beyond the level of the walls, “fillies” are mounted to them

If it was intended to extend the roof to construct a terrace or veranda, then external boards called “fillies” are additionally attached to the rafters.

Video: the process of building a pitched roof

Prices for various types of fasteners for rafters

Rafter fasteners

After completing the installation of the rafter system, it is necessary to move on to insulation measures, since a pitched roof especially needs thermal insulation, even if there is a regular attic under the roof.

Suitable for this , descriptions of which can be found on our website by following the link.

The installation of sheathing under the roof or continuous roof sheathing is carried out taking into account the selected roofing material - each of them has its own technology for such work.

Video: continuous sheathing of a pitched garage roof with boards

Installing any roof is a responsible and labor-intensive process, and due to working at height, it is also quite dangerous. Therefore, without having experience in the construction craft, it is better to entrust the installation to craftsmen who know their business, since an unsuccessfully constructed foundation for the roof threatens that the walls of the house will be subject to deformation.

6 main types of rafter systems

	Name	Rating
#1		⭐ 100 / 100
#2	Hip rafter system	⭐ 100 / 100
#3		⭐ 100 / 100
#4		⭐ 99 / 100
#5		⭐ 99 / 100
#6		⭐ 98 / 100

Gable rafter systems are the most popular for one-story private houses. They look neat, fit well into any building style, are reliable and can be used, depending on the angle of their slope, to arrange an attic for living rooms, utility rooms, or simply to create an air gap that retains heat in the building.

high reliability;
simplicity of design;
a gable roof with a slope angle of more than 50 degrees is practically not afraid of snow drifts; a large snow cap will not form on it.

for buildings with a hipped roof, pediments are not provided, which greatly reduces the consumption of materials and work for the construction of pediments and hemming of eaves;
a roof of this type has excellent aerodynamic properties, it is not afraid of strong winds, and the design features will prevent precipitation from entering the attic;
the surface of such a roof is heated by the sun's rays from several sides at once; on sunny days, the room under an uninsulated roof will be warmer;
The slopes of such a roof are located at a certain angle, which helps drain rainwater and melting snow from the roof.

a hip roof is quite complex to design and construct;
the design of this roof is replete with a large number of connections, beams and rafters, it is necessary to strictly monitor the reliability of all components and connections in order to avoid loss of rigidity and plane shape during the construction of the roof;
large waste when using most roofing coverings (especially metal tiles).

Attic rafter systems are called broken systems, which are used in cases where it is planned to equip a living space in the attic space, since this design creates the most spacious area for future rooms. Each of the two slopes of the broken rafter system consists of two planes - the top and the side.

additional living space;
an attic is cheaper than building a full second floor or expanding the perimeter of the housing;
The appearance of a private house with a sloping roof is superior to a classic gable roof.

the inability to create a spacious room in the attic, because the height of the walls is limited by the roof;
heat and waterproofing will be carried out using more complex techniques and using special materials;
Dormer windows increase the requirements for roofing and accumulate more snow.

The multi-slope rafter system can be called the most complex of all existing ones, since it often includes different roof shapes - it can be gable and single-pitch, hipped, hip or half-hip in various combinations. Similar option selected for houses with complex internal layout, and there have been more and more of them in recent years.

reliable, durable and robust design;
due to the large slope of the roof, the risk of stagnation of melt water and precipitation is reduced to zero;
fits perfectly with any architectural form;
the presence of a balanced rafter system.

complexity of installation work;
arrangement of a large number of valleys;
high consumption of building and roofing materials;
complex care and maintenance of the structure.

Hip roofs have four slopes, with the gable sides having a shallow triangular shape, and the side slopes of the structure being trapezoidal. It is the triangular slope that is called the hip - it joins the trapezoidal plane at a certain angle.

not subject to deformation;
the snow does not linger;
it will perfectly withstand strong winds, for regions where hurricanes and tornadoes are not uncommon - a big plus;
eaves overhangs are less susceptible to damage.

differs in higher cost than gable;
the design turns out to be complex, usually the construction hip roof they trust specialists, which again means additional costs;
equipping an attic under a hip roof is a difficult task, often simply impossible.

As can be understood from the name, this roof has one slope, located at a slope. If the building is small in size and is entirely built from brick or concrete, then the rafters of the structure are laid on the high load-bearing façade wall and on the low rear wall. If the distance between the façade of the building and the rear wall is six meters or more, then retaining posts are installed between the front and rear walls.

efficiency (almost double savings in lumber and roofing materials compared to a gable roof);
insignificant weight of the roof (makes it possible to erect it on buildings with a lightweight foundation without the use of lifting equipment);
the possibility of installing a pitched roof on large houses;
maintainability (ease of movement on the roof, especially at small angles of inclination);

high dependence on snow loads (requires correct calculations of sections of structural elements during design);
enhanced thermal and waterproofing of the roof (important at small angles of inclination);
unsightly appearance, which requires increased attention to quality facade works and the use of modern roofing materials.

Traditionally in Russia, when constructing private houses, they are extremely popular. gable roofs, while projects of buildings with pitched roofs are undeservedly left aside. The lean-to type of construction allows you to express the individuality of the owners and save money on the purchase of building materials. But in order to make the final choice in favor of such a roof, it is worth familiarizing yourself with its other advantages and disadvantages.

Advantages and disadvantages

As a rule, a country house or cottage of Russian residents has a standard layout, and therefore a gable roof. Projects of buildings with a pitched roof are rare, although they are in no way inferior to other types. On the contrary, pitched structures have an extraordinary appearance, and they are also more economical from a financial point of view.

The pitched roof type can be found in many European countries. Thanks to its design, it allows you to retain heat inside the cottage, which is important for areas with cold climates. For Russian residents, this option is especially relevant.

The peculiarity of a pitched roof is that during its installation it is used modern technologies And quality materials, which ensures a reliable and durable roof.

Such a house will become a real fortress, which is not afraid of almost any external influences.

Pros of a pitched roof:

the cost of roofing materials allows you to significantly save your budget;
its design has low windage, which is especially important for windy regions;
thanks to its design, precipitation greatly simplifies the flow;
ease of installation allows you to install it yourself without the involvement of specialists;

in the event of a breakdown, it is easier to repair than a gable roof;
it is perfect for a large house;
It’s easy to find detailed and understandable drawings on the Internet;
its presence allows you to fully use the attic space.

Despite the huge number positive qualities, a pitched roof also has some disadvantages.

For example, in order to install it, it is necessary to calculate with detailed accuracy the sections of all components of the structure, otherwise the roof will not be able to withstand the snow load.

Also, a cottage project with a roof that is at an angle requires the use of serious thermal and waterproofing.

Another disadvantage is that to obtain an attractive appearance of the roof you will need to purchase expensive building materials.

Secrets of design and operation

The construction of a flat roof has its own characteristics, so it is important to take them into account. For example, if a country house does not have an attic, and the roof is combined with the ceiling, then you cannot do the roofing yourself. To make the roof completely sealed and warm, it is necessary to use high-quality roofing materials and professional builders.

When drawing up a house plan that includes an attic, you should understand that its maintenance will be quite difficult.

Due to the low roof and lower ceiling height from the top edge to the bottom, the inside of the attic space will be cramped.

The finishing of the facade of the house should be as neat and high quality as possible., otherwise it will look like a barn. Even small parts seriously affect the visual perception of the home.

When building a house with a pitched roof, the entrance must be located on the high side of the building, and to emphasize the style, it is best to use panoramic windows.

Pitched roofs require special care, so you need to comply with the requirements for their operation.

It is necessary to clear the roof surface of snow as often as possible. And secondly, you need to constantly monitor the general condition of the roof in order to eliminate shortcomings in a timely manner.

Building projects

Houses with a pitched roof allow you to add color to life and get away from the same type. Such projects can emphasize the individuality and originality of the owners. This roofing option is optimal for a small building with a total area of about 100 m2.

Frame cottage must have good height roofs. The functionality and installation of additional parts in the attic space depend on this. Often, house designs include a second roof located above the porch and tilted in the other direction.

Two-story houses With flat roof can be built without placing a strong emphasis on the decor of the first floor. The design of such a building allows the construction of a spacious loggia with large panoramic windows on the second floor. To give your home style and elegance, it is better to decorate the first and second floors differently.

Cottages with a pitched roof are usually a rectangular structure with a small porch. They differ in that all their elements form one whole, but at the same time they differ from each other. The roof usually has a slope, which helps prevent snow from accumulating on the surface.

Houses made of timber with a flat roof are designed to save gas heating. The savings are especially noticeable in small house with an area of approximately 6x6 m2. A frame made of timber allows you to build truss structure which will have high strength.

Design features

A pitched roof is a plane formed rafter system. Rafter legs consist of individual rafters that rest on the walls of the building, located opposite to each other. For support, you can use one or two rows of rafter legs, but they must rest on the ridge end.

All components of the structure are laid separately and mounted on walls of different heights. To connect them, ridge beams are used, installed parallel to aerated concrete or on opposite parts of the building frame. The support for a pitched roof can be a brick, concrete or wooden structure.

Despite their structural simplicity, lean-to structures are divided into several types. Similar to other pitched structures, they can have cold or insulated material. Based on the chosen material, houses with a pitched roof can include an attic space or do without it. But due to opposing norms, an attic in its pure form is extremely rare, since its height must be at least 160 cm.

Placing an attic under a flat roof is only possible when there is a living space between the roof and the ceiling. Therefore, lean-to structures can most often be found in bathhouses, garages, small country houses or above the porch.

According to the rules, the supporting walls must have different heights to ensure spontaneous slope of precipitation. Thanks to this, there is no need to organize internal drainage during construction. A gutter that is attached to the low side of a flat roof does an excellent job of drainage.

You can make a slight slope of the roof using walls or support pillars of different heights. You can also attach it to the wall of the house for this purpose. support structures having a height greater than the supports on the opposite side.

Materials such as corrugated sheets, metal tiles and roofing sheets are ideal for installing roofing, and plastic, slate tiles or ceramic tiles can be used to create the architectural appearance of the building.

Installation of a pitched roof

Before starting work on installing the roofing system, it is necessary to create a clear project plan. The easiest way to understand the installation process is to use the example of a small bathhouse.

IN in this case the rafters should rest on the top frame. In this case, the distance between the slings is equal to the distance between the wall posts, which greatly simplifies the task. To make the racks, you need to prepare 5x15 cm boards. The height of the front wall is 2.5 m, and the back wall is 2.3 m.

Let's look at the work plan step by step.

We take the board and cut it into pieces of 2.6 m each. There should be as many parts as there are racks in the front wall.
We do the same for the back wall. The length of the segments in this case should be 2.4 m.
We install ready-made racks using special construction corners. We temporarily attach the outer parts to the jibs.
We check the evenness and slopes of the racks using a level. We make marks on the front pillars at a height of 2.45 m, and on the rear pillars at a height of 2.15 m.

We fix the side board using the marks. We remove the excess.
We attach the side boards to the ends of the walls. First, we try them on, placing each board to the marked place.
Cutting out side walls and install them with the same step as the support step of the front and rear walls.
We merge the outer posts with the side frame elements of the front and rear walls.