Rational layout of a one-story house with a kitchen. Square house designs

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The design of a house is based on the application of building and planning standards. Each of the family members in the house at the same time should be able to do their own thing and not disturb anyone. This means that each resident needs their own corner - a separate room. This is why the layout of the house is so important even at the stage of its design; it is necessary to allocate personal space for each family member in advance.

With the correct layout of the house, when guests arrive, they immediately find themselves in the living room, and then do not wander throughout the house in search of a toilet.

Features of planning when designing

To new house has become cozy, comfortable and economical, you should correctly plan it, taking into account both the overall dimensions and the area of ​​​​each room. When planning a house, you must adhere to standard rules, the first of which is zoning the total area into two parts: utility and residential.

In turn, the living area is divided into evening and daytime, and then they are divided into rooms for guests, children and adults.

The day zone should include:

• hallway;

  living room;

  dining room;

  veranda or terrace;

Dressing rooms, bedrooms and extended bathrooms are classified as evening spaces.

The utility area includes a kitchen, garage, pantry, workshop, boiler room, and laundry.

The photo below shows the correct zoning of space in the house: on the right is the living room, kitchen and dining room, while the rooms are not separated by partitions. To the left are three bedrooms and a bathroom.

When designing and planning a house, they also think about:

size and shape of housing;

number and location of entrance doors;

number of storeys;

the material from which the dwelling will be built;

the presence of a boiler room and a garage attached to the house;

arrangement of bathrooms: in a multi-storey cottage they are sometimes located on each floor;

number and size of windows;

combination of kitchen, dining room, living room;

availability of walk-through rooms.

If you want to build a large house so that all the rooms in it are useful and constantly in use, you can consider the presence winter garden, gym, billiard room, swimming pool.

The house plan is checked for compliance with building and hygiene standards. Each person should have 25 m³ of air. Otherwise, it is impossible to ensure normal well-being.

When planning the number and location of windows, illumination is taken into account. Depending on the position of the sun, living rooms and living rooms are designed.

The design for the construction of a house must take into account the view from the windows. Beautiful landscape, preferable for living rooms. Household and non-residential areas are installed in places where the view from the window is not important.

Fashionable trend - arrangement of the attic, open or closed terrace, verandas. If it is decided to make the latter open, then they should be located on the sunny side, in a sector protected from the wind. The location of the open terrace taking into account these requirements will ensure a comfortable stay.

An important point is the porch of the house, so the layout should take into account maximum convenience. The entrance is made from the south, taking into account the wind rose. Depending on this, they decide on which side the handle and hinges of the front door will be located.

Wind rose - compiled based on weather observations. Graphically it looks like a polygon, along the length of its edges the directions of the prevailing or predominant winds are visible - from which side air flows most often come to a given area.

The path to the porch should be level and provide easy passage in any weather.

Linking the project to the area

When planning the location of the house, they take into account the wind rose, soil conditions, and local landscape. There must be free access to housing, ensured convenient location access communications for your car, supply of fuel, building materials, loading and unloading operations.

On sandy and clay soil a foundation with enhanced protection against moisture is installed. If this is neglected, the walls of the house will become damp and mold and mildew will appear. Depending on the structure of the soil, it is calculated permissible load on the foundation and walls, the possibility of constructing housing of several floors is assessed.

The project provides for the optimal route for communications - water supply, gas, sewerage.

When studying the area, you should clarify whether it is possible to drill a well to create autonomous water supply Houses.

Optimal house area

When planning a house, think about the number of rooms and their placement in advance. Dimensions depend on functionality. Children's, for example, are not made to be big - this is cozy rooms, in which the child needs to ensure restful sleep and sufficient lighting.

The dining room should accommodate all family members at the same time - this room in the house should be the second largest after the living room.

It is undesirable to make rooms long and narrow; this is very inconvenient both in terms of living and when placing furniture.

When planning rooms, it is worth thinking about the placement of furniture in advance. This will allow you to select optimal area for each room and ensure rational use of space.

You can't skimp in the kitchen. This room is used most actively. Cooking requires sufficient space to carry out the work in peace.

Combining rooms saves space. It is fashionable to combine living rooms with a kitchen and dining room. This solution will make the room large and comfortable. In addition, there will be significant savings on materials, because you will not have to spend money on building partitions. They also combine a toilet and a bathroom.

Passage rooms should be used rationally, these include living rooms and dining rooms. The fewer corridors and halls there are in the house, the more convenient it will be to move around in it. In addition, building a house with a minimum number of halls and corridors reduces the cost of living space.

Based on the number of planned rooms in the house and their area, the overall dimensions of the building are chosen. At the same time, you should definitely take into account that if you have a small family consisting of two or three people, you do not need to build a house that is too large, no matter how much you would like it. Let it be spacious and let each room be used for its intended purpose.

Premises that are not used by residents do not interfere with them, but take away monetary resources. Firstly, they need to be heated every winter, which means extra spending on utility bills. Secondly, when building a house, you are investing money in rooms that you will not use.

It would be more rational to use free financial resources for more expensive façade finishing or to equip a summer recreation area on the site.

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.

Which house project to choose: one or two floors

Possibilities modern design residential buildings make the name " cottage" The house construction plan may include the equipment of the basement floor and the construction of an attic. A cottage with such extensions will be three-level in the project one-story house. Attic and ground floor cannot be called floors, but such premises will make housing more comfortable and increase usable area Houses.

On the ground floor they usually equip the economic sector, install sports equipment, and install communications. Here you can equip a boiler room and make a garage. The attic can be equipped with bedrooms and children's rooms.

If you are not attracted to a house with additional levels, you should plan the rooms taking into account effective use area. The house must provide premises for all family members, and the kitchen and dining room must be combined. The same applies to the toilet and bathtub. The construction of low partitions and columns will help to delimit the zones.

A two-story house is being built for big family. Living rooms for household members are planned on the second floor. On the first floor, a living room, kitchen, and guest bedroom are set up. When several generations live together, the older family members are assigned rooms downstairs. Bathrooms on the floors are placed one above the other. This makes communications easier.

If you want to install autonomous heating, the boiler room is located near the kitchen, in the basement or garage.

The choice of which house to build, two-story or one-story, should be based on the size of the plot. If you have big family, and the plot is small, it is better to give preference to a two-story structure. In such a house, you can allocate a personal room to each family member and at the same time save territory on the site.

If the family is small, then a one-story house, even on small area will be quite enough, because a two-story structure will cost much more.

When designing a house, they provide for the possibility of further expansion of housing.

Layout of a house with an attic

A house with an attic floor is a budget option to create additional usable space. As a rule, bedrooms and offices, as well as children's rooms, are equipped in the attic. Relative privacy and beautiful view from the window are advantages over other rooms.

To maintain a comfortable temperature in winter time The walls and ceiling must be additionally insulated. A large window will provide good lighting. When the presence of an attic is planned in advance, all communications are brought there during the construction of the house.

If there is an attic, but there is no need to use it as a living area, you can arrange a workshop there or use it as a storage room.

An example of the layout of a two-room house

If you decide to build small house, consisting of only two living rooms and suitable for one or two people, the project provides the most profitable option, taking into account the small area of ​​the house. The kitchen and dining room can be combined, as well as the bathroom and toilet. Maximum use is made of built-in modules: cabinets, appliances, niches and storage rooms. One bedroom in the house is a must. In addition, you need to equip a sleeping place in the living room.

The width of the hallway should not be less than 1.5 m. If the room area is large, install built-in cabinets and shelves with shoes and outerwear.

IN two-story house Living rooms are located on the 2nd floor, on the first floor there is a household sector - kitchen, dining room, boiler room, storage room.

The plan for building a house with two living rooms must provide for:

hallway;

common room;

• pantry.

In the project, you can consider a separate exit from the kitchen to the terrace.

Three room house layout

Such housing can easily accommodate a family of three. It is necessary to equip two bedrooms and a living room.

From the hallway you can provide three exits at once: to the kitchen, to the bathroom and to the living room. Thus, the living room will be a passage room and from it you can access two bedrooms.

In 3 room house must be:

• two bedrooms;

If desired, a veranda or an additional porch with access from the kitchen can be built.

If the house has four rooms

Housing with four rooms is easier to zone, and it is suitable for a large family. The right side of the building is reserved for relaxation, the left for activity, or vice versa. In such a house they plan:

hallway with vestibule;

3 bedrooms;

corridor between separate rooms;

living room;

If the space allows, arrange a laundry room, a veranda with an exit from the bedroom, and a second porch with an exit from the kitchen.

In the process of designing interior spaces, the location of sources of natural light should be taken into account. It is advisable to design rooms in certain proportions, so that they are not too elongated along the length, and their depth does not exceed 6 meters.

Important little things that must be taken into account when planning a house

There are several planning nuances when designing a house, for example, the number and location of windows and doors, the presence of a balcony, and ceiling height.

Video description

See the video for the nuances of the 10x10 house layout:

Planning the location of windows

Living rooms are located on the sunny side. The illumination should be sufficient to preserve vision, but not lead to fading of furniture and wallpaper. If the layout of the rooms in the house involves the construction glass wall, it is necessary to equip it with protective blinds or thick curtains.

Can be built standard house– in small bedrooms there is one window, in living rooms there are always two. If the eating area is shared with the kitchen, then it is better to make three window openings here.

You can give free rein to your imagination and plan special windows: long, round, tall windows with an arch at the top.

A large number of windows provide plenty of light and fresh air. There is no need to worry that they will cause cold in the house. Modern multi-chamber windows have excellent thermal protection properties.

Planning the height of the ceilings

Too high ceilings in the house will cause excessive consumption of building materials during the construction of the house, and then finishing materials. In addition, furniture in a high room will not look so beautiful; it will “get lost.”

A ceiling that is too low causes discomfort and creates a “pressing” feeling. The height of the ceilings in the house is determined based on the area of ​​the rooms. That is why it is highly desirable to create rooms on each floor of the house that are not too different from each other in size, with the exception of bathrooms and storage rooms, of course.

Small room with very high ceiling may resemble a deep well. When planning ceiling heights, it is important to find a middle ground.

Video description

To see what a house should be like, watch the video:

Balcony in a private house

Some owners of private houses with balconies hardly use these extensions. According to people, it is easier to go out into the yard or onto the terrace. That is why the need for a balcony must be thought out in advance.

If you want to make it, then don't build it small balcony, similar to those equipped apartment buildings. Large balcony turned into a work of art using forged or other equally beautiful railings.

There should be enough space on the balcony for a comfortable rest - so that you can put several sun loungers or a rocking chair, a table with chairs for tea drinking.

Large balcony in a private house, equipped with everything necessary for a comfortable stay

The balcony fence must be at least one meter high to ensure safety. If there is no canopy, snow may drift onto the balcony in winter. If the floor does not have a slope, then after rain water will stagnate there.

Several examples of successful house layouts

Conclusion

The plan of houses for construction should be thought out by professionals. Tell them about your desires and preferences so that the layout of the house is the way you want. Well, what if special requirements There is no need to allocate space in the house; you can choose a ready-made, standard project with the layout you like.

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At the same time, family members can each do their own thing in the house. One is sleeping, the other is doing homework, the third is watching TV. At the same time, household members should not interfere with each other.

Everyone living in the house needs to have their own corner, and not necessarily a separate room. This could be a place for practicing a hobby - your own table, closet or shelving.

In a house with the right layout, guests can easily get into the living room from the hallway and do not wander around looking for the toilet.

Layout of a house, cottage

Fig.1. An example of the layout of a one-story private house. Premises day zone: 1 - vestibule, hallway, 6 - living room, dining room, 3 - toilet, 14 - veranda. Rooms for night rest: 5,7,10 - bedrooms, 2 - dressing rooms, 8 - extended bathrooms. Economic zone: 11 - kitchen, 12 - pantry, 13 - garage, 4 - laundry, boiler room, workshop.

In order for a built house to become the embodiment of comfort, coziness and efficiency, knowledge is required standard planning rules:

1. Inner space houses are conventionally divided into zones, Fig. 1: residential and commercial.

The residential area, in turn, is divided into day and evening.

The daytime area of ​​the premises consists of a vestibule, hallway, hall, living room, dining room, veranda, and toilet.

Rooms for night rest are bedrooms, dressing rooms, and extended bathrooms.

The utility area includes a kitchen, pantry, garage, laundry, boiler room, and workshop.

When arranging rooms, you should also pay attention to the position of the sun at certain hours and the view from the window.

2. Building a house with a minimum number of halls and corridors reduces the cost of living space.

The number and area of ​​corridors can be reduced by combining the functions of the rooms: design some rooms as walk-through rooms or arrange a work area in the living room or bedroom.

The most advantageous option is considered to be a layout in which the kitchen, being a utility room, is adjacent to the living area of ​​the dining room and common room.

In the house small area It is advantageous to place the premises of the day zone: kitchen, dining room, living room and even an entrance hall or hall in one volume - a common open space not separated by partitions, Fig. 1.

3. It is advisable that married couples and other adult family members have their own separate rooms in the house.

The largest room, the living room, will be a common room where everyone can gather to relax.

It is convenient to have one more room in the house - a guest bedroom (office).

4. If several generations are planned to live in a house (for example, elderly parents, adult children, small grandchildren), then it is necessary to make the territory of each family as “autonomous” as possible (at a minimum, its own bathroom and bedroom, and at a maximum, a separate entrance ).

Moreover, it is better to locate rooms for elderly parents on the ground floor (items 5 and 3 in Fig. 1).

5. It is better to have two entrance doors in the house, one from the entrance to the site, the second from the terrace, or from the opposite side of the house, for household needs. Also, the number and location of entrances is influenced by the composition of the family (from paragraph 4 of this article).
If front door placed on the side façade, then Often you can get by with just one door for entering the house, both from the street and from the site.

6. The staircase (if there is one) should be illuminated by natural light(for security reasons). Therefore, in principle, it makes no difference where it is oriented, but there must be windows illuminating the staircase space.

When placing a staircase, it is important to understand whether you want it to be an active element of the interior or not. If you want, it is better to place it in the dining room or living room. If not, then in the hallway, corridor (pos. 12 in Fig. 1).

7. The project can provide for the possibility of expanding the area of ​​the house as the family grows and the children grow up. Increasing the size is possible by adding an extension to the house or installing an attic.

Anyway the expansion option should be considered in advance.

For example, the house layout project in Fig. 1 provides for the possibility of arranging an attic. For this purpose, a space has been reserved for the stairs, which is currently used as a storage room (pos. 12), a large angle of inclination of the roof has been selected, and space has been left in the roof structure for inserting windows, etc.

It is irrational to build a large house at once unless necessary.

8. A fireplace is usually located in “common” rooms(dining room, living room). Whether and where a fireplace is needed in the house must be determined before choosing a project.

Installing a fireplace in an already built house will require installing a fireplace pipe and chimney, which is not always possible (the pipe, for example, will need to be routed along the facade of the house, etc.).

9. The house is simple rectangular shape with a minimum number of corners without projections, bay windows, balconies. Such a house has less heat loss through external fences. The shape of the house in the form of a rectangle with an aspect ratio of no more than 1:1.5, with the long side oriented to the south, will allow for more complete use of solar heat.

10. The simple shape of the roof reduces the cost of construction.

11. Proper orientation of the house to the sun and wind reduces heating and air conditioning costs. The living rooms in the house are oriented predominantly to the south in order to make the most of thermal energy sun. It is better to locate utility rooms on the north side.

12. Designing simple, short home utilities greatly reduces costs and improves reliability. For ease of communication, bathrooms in a two-story house should be located one above the other, and on the ground floor the bathroom and boiler room should be located closer to the kitchen.

13 For an economy class home give preference to a built-in garage in front of a free-standing one: it is easier to heat and it can accommodate part engineering systems at home, saving space. In addition, you will be able to access the garage directly from your home without going outside.

14. Give up the basement: the cost of construction and high-quality waterproofing of the basement is 1.5-2 times higher than the cost of building a floor. Instead, it is better to plan a spacious storage room on the ground floor of the house, placing it on the north side.

Move some of the auxiliary premises to

15. When considering the project, pay attention to the planning and design solutions that ensure sound insulation of the night area premises.

Remember that extraneous sounds enter these rooms through all enclosing structures: walls, ceilings, doors, windows, as well as ventilation and other openings.

In general, the more massive and thicker the walls, ceilings, doors and windows, the quieter the bedroom will be.

For good sound insulation between the living area and the bedroom there must be two lines of doors and at least not large corridor(item 9 in Fig. 1).

If the bedrooms are located on the top floor, then reinforced concrete floor — necessary condition good sound insulation night rest areas.

16. Build an energy efficient house.

When choosing a project, check the basic building parameters indicating the Estimate the average annual amount of energy required for heating, water heating, ventilation and air conditioning. In the plans Russian government in the coming years to equalize domestic prices for gas with European ones.

17. Equip your heating system with thermostats, which will allow program the desired temperature in each room separately. Reducing the room temperature by 1 °C saves 5% of heating energy.

Used for heating a home, and in a room ventilation system - all this also allows you to save heat.

18. The entrance door to the house from the street must be separated from the premises of the house thermal gateway - vestibule. Due to the sequential opening of two doors in the vestibule, cold air from the street does not penetrate into the house. As a thermal gateway, it is allowed to install a closed and insulated veranda or vestibule at the entrance to the house.

19. The balcony of the house must have independent support in the form of pillars or rest on the enclosing structures of the first floor. The base of the balcony should not be a continuation of the ceiling, which means “cutting through” the wall, forming a bridge of cold.

20. Remember the larger the glazing area, the higher the costs will be for heating and air conditioning. The ratio of the glazed surface area of ​​the window to the floor area should be at least 1/8.

21. Deciduous trees with a large crown can provide shade for the home during the hot summer months and reduce energy consumption for air conditioning up to 50%.

During winter, when deciduous trees lose their crown, sunlight easily reaches the surface of the walls and heats them, providing the home with additional thermal energy and helping to reduce heating costs.

Coniferous trees help protect the house from cold winter winds and keep it cool.

22. Build an environmentally friendly home.

Choose environmentally safe materials for construction. More than 50% of all building materials on the domestic market cannot be called safe for health. Many of them are unable to pass even the simplest environmental assessment.

Don’t buy into the “fairy tales” of sellers or the prefix “eco” in the name, study the labeling - check with regulatory documents(GOST, TU), whether the material contains phenol, formaldehyde, or other harmful substances.

For about 30 years in the world there has been such a thing as sick building syndrome. The reason for this phenomenon is poor air quality in homes. According to environmentalists, home air is 4-6 times dirtier and 8-10 times more toxic than street air.

Features of the layout of a two- or three-story private house

Fig.2. Ground floor plan two-story house: 3 - bathroom with shower 3.9 m 2; 4 - office (guest bedroom) 11.8 m 2; 7 - pantry 2.7 m 2; 8 - boiler room 6.6 m 2; 10 - terrace 43.6 m 2;
Fig.3. Second floor plan two-story house: 13 - dressing room 3.5 m 2; 14 — bathroom with bath 5.9 m 2; 18 — bathroom with bath-sauna cabin 8.5 m 2; 19 - laundry 4.6 m 2;

In two- or three-story houses, it is convenient to make a staircase, position 11 in Fig. 3, as a natural boundary between the day and evening zones. The premises of the day zone are usually located on the ground floor, Fig. 2. Bedrooms, dressing rooms, and bathrooms in the night area are located on the upper floors of the house, Fig. 3.

True, such a division of premises into floors is not always convenient or possible. Often you have to make another bedroom on the first floor, item 4 in Fig. 2. On the lower floor there is usually a bedroom for elderly parents or for guests.

In a multi-storey building, as in a large ventilation duct, there is a natural draft, under the influence of which air from the first floor rushes up the skylight of the stairs to the upper floors and the attic.

The layout option with an entrance door to the floor provides the most effective work and a simple device for natural ventilation of the attic and upper floors of the house.

Bathrooms in the house

In a multi-storey building bathrooms should be on each floor.

On the ground floor, the bathroom is located so that it is convenient for guests to use. It is better if the entrance to the guest bathroom is not visible from the living room.

If there is a bedroom on the ground floor of the house, then the bathroom should be located next to it, so that from the bedroom to the bathroom there is no need to walk through the living room past the guests. Guests can also use the same bathroom.

In the large bathroom in the bedroom area, position 18 in Fig. 3, it is convenient to place equipment for SPA treatments - for example, a bathtub with hydromassage or a steam bath-sauna cabin.

Utility premises

The boiler room is usually located on the ground floor of the house. Often a room is allocated to house the boiler in a garage attached to the house. The entrance to a solid fuel boiler room must be made from the outside, from the side of the fuel warehouse.

It is natural to place a food pantry near the kitchen.

It is convenient to have two dressing rooms in the house - at the entrance to the house and in the bedroom area.

Near the dressing room in the bedroom area, where linen and daily clothes are stored, it is convenient to have a washing machine, dryer and ironing board, pos. 19 in Fig. 3.

The laundry room should not be located in the garage. The constant need to carry laundry far away, and even up stairs, will not please the owner of the house.

Windows in the house

Large floor-to-ceiling windows provide contact with the space outside, make the boundary between the house and the garden almost invisible, and the room visually becomes more spacious. Low furniture does not block the view from the window and visually increases the height of the room.

Large glass area in the room increases the costs of building and operating a house:

• The cost of constructing a block with glazing is higher than the cost of constructing a wall of the same area.
• Costs for heating in winter and air conditioning in summer increase.

But many owners decide to sacrifice economic benefits for the sake of the range of feelings they experience in a cozy living room flooded with light with a wonderful view of the garden through large floor-to-ceiling windows.

Often large windows and glass doors to access the garden, terrace or balcony are installed not only from the living room, but also from the bedrooms and kitchen.

Listen to your feelings and the opinions of your household members, where they would like to have such windows. When choosing, also consider the climate and the view from the window.

Thanks to the window, the corridor seems wider and less boring.

If, when entering a house, room or corridor, the eye rests on the window on the opposite wall, and behind it you can see the garden, then the rooms seem more spacious and make a good impression.

WITH outside on the windows of a private house It is recommended to install roller shutters. Closed roller shutters not only protect windows from burglary, but in severe frosts they reduce heat loss through the windows, and in summer heat reduce overheating of the house from sunlight. It is better to foresee the installation of roller shutters on windows in advance, at the design stage of the house.

Watch a video lesson on planning a one-story house with an attic:

What rooms in the house can be passable?

To make the house seem spacious, architects recommend combining the rooms of the day zone - making them passable.

Spacious rooms make it easier to breathe and give you a feeling of freedom.

Many people have a prejudice against walk-through rooms. Indeed, in small apartments With a high population density, a walk-through room is a big disadvantage in the layout. It’s a completely different matter in private houses, where the number and area of ​​premises per resident is, as a rule, much larger.

Connecting and combining rooms, creating an enfilade or alcove reduces the area of ​​corridors and halls, provides greater convenience and comfort of life in the house, and also allows you to create a unique interior in these rooms.

Connection of kitchen, dining room and living room

The most popular option for combining rooms in an economy class house is to combine the kitchen, dining room and living room ( Fig.2 pos. 5 and 6). This layout, as mentioned above, creates a spacious daytime area in the house, and also makes possible communication between people who are in the premises of this zone.

Cooking processes in modern kitchen pass quickly enough. Isolation and distribution unpleasant odors and other harmful effects are minimal. For this reason, there is no particular need to separate the kitchen from other rooms.

Food in the kitchen is usually prepared by the housewife or owner of the house. Depriving them of contact with other household members while cooking is not humane.

It is convenient when the dining room is located between the kitchen and living room. The kitchen sets the table and serves food. From the living room, household members and guests move to the dining room. This arrangement of the premises of the day zone corresponds to the natural course of events. Life in the dining room continues after the meal is over. See the layout in Fig. 1 and 2 above in the article.

It should be noted that an open kitchen requires increased attention to maintaining cleanliness and order.

Combining the dining room, living room and office - library

In a large house, where important guests are often received, and the food is prepared by a cook, a dining room, a living room and an office or library are combined. The rooms are connected by an enfilade - when the transitions between rooms are on the same axis, as in ancient palaces and estates. The living room is located in the center of this suite.

The connection of these rooms creates a presentable, formal area in the house, in which there is space to dine, relax in the living room by the fireplace, or retire and hold negotiations in the office.

From the bedroom to the dressing room and then to the bathroom

In the bedroom of a married couple, a private area is often arranged with a dressing room and a bathroom, as, for example, in Fig. 3, above, positions 13, 14 and 15.

It can be convenient to make a dressing room a walk-through room. This layout is good because the number of doors in the bedroom is reduced, and the sound of water from the bathroom is heard less.

People usually don’t spend a lot of time in the dressing room, so bedroom owners will not experience any inconvenience from a walk-through dressing room.

We move from one utility room to another

It is convenient to have utility rooms in one place in the house. It is more profitable, for example, to go to the boiler room through the laundry room, and to the laundry room through the dressing room, than to arrange a common corridor and separate doors to each room.

What material is best to build a house from?

Articles on this topic:

It is best to entrust the calculation and documentation part of a private house project to a specialist architect. Only he will be able to draw up competent documentation that will serve as a passport for the building during its operation. It includes:

• architectural and construction documents - drawings indicating the dimensions and materials of the house;
• engineering documents - communications laying diagrams (electrical network, heating, sewerage, ventilation, water supply).

WITH YOUR OWN HANDS

Planning a home begins with defining it external dimensions And . If you are reading this page, then you are probably looking for optimal project, which, with a small area and reasonable costs, will allow you to create warm, cozy and economical housing. This is a European quality standard, which our compatriots have finally begun to strive for. The time for thoughtless construction of palaces and castles is already behind us.

The most optimal is considered to be a house with rectangular parameters and a two-level layout: no protruding architectural elements reduces material costs for external walls the same as using the attic as a living floor.

If the size of the plot allows, then garage and utility room(just not for keeping animals!) It is better to make them adjacent to the house: firstly, you will save on building materials and heating, and secondly, direct access to the utility rooms will deprive you of such a dubious “pleasure” as colds during the cold season.

Modest budget schemes for planning houses (dachas) are presented

The information that living rooms cannot be located above the garage is devoid of any basis (including legal ones - there are no prohibiting norms). The garage connected to the house must be supplied forced ventilation- this is an axiom. And under such conditions, a garage is no more dangerous than a heating boiler.

Those who doubt the safety of such a solution can be recommended to build a terrace on the roof of the garage.

An important factor in the location of a house on a site is its position relative to the cardinal points. The optimal location and layout of the house is considered to be one in which the windows face mainly the south, south-east and south-west.

This means that on the north side it is preferable to design a blank wall or utility and non-residential premises with small windows. Thus, you will retain maximum heat in winter period, and living spaces will be regularly illuminated by the sun. The infrared radiation coming from it energizes all living things and destroys bacteria (including mold).

Not every project you like can be implemented on a specific site. There are a number of factors preventing this:

• the composition of the soil does not always allow laying a strip foundation for heavy masonry, and frame construction on piles is preferable;
• the high level of groundwater makes the construction of a basement problematic (although, with impressive costs for drainage system and waterproofing and this is possible).

Only a specialist can assess the suitability of the project for the site.

INTERIOR LAYOUT

This stage of house planning must take place with the direct participation of potential residents.

You should plan your house for the future:

• a children's room can eventually transform into a guest room or office (or vice versa),
• children of different sexes, as well as those with a large age difference, should be provided with separate rooms,
• simultaneous residence of more than two generations may require a separate entrance to some premises,
• for the oldest, rooms are allocated on the first floor; if you have not yet reached this respected age, plan a guest room downstairs, which in the long term can become your bedroom.

The experience of architects shows that it is necessary to plan and build a house based on own needs and plans for the future. If the children return someday, they will complete the missing square meters on their own.

There's no point in doing high plinth, if you are not planning a basement floor, and at an advanced age, a high porch can become a real test for the inhabitants of the house.

So ideal a house is a building with a zero level and a reasonable square footage, always with good insulation and.

HALL, CORRIDOR

A successful house layout is one in which you can walk from the hallway into any room. If we consider a house that is close to the ideal, then the amount of non-residential and unusable space (and these are mainly corridors) should be kept to a minimum.

It makes more sense to organize the space so that the entrance to the house is located approximately in the center of the facade or at a corner. Then around it you can design a hall with a staircase to the second floor and access to the living quarters.

STANDARD: at least one room in the house must have an area of ​​at least 17 m2.

Thus, with small dimensions of the building, it would be advisable to combine the territory of the hall and living room. IN in this case You can add a small vestibule in front of the entrance. It will keep the house warm and save space for storing outdoor shoes and clothes.

STANDARD: the corridor or vestibule is made no narrower than 1.2 m (this is the size of the passage free from furniture)

LIVING ROOM, DINING ROOM, KITCHEN

Apartment residents have long been accustomed to such a tradition as receiving guests in the kitchen. Running with a tray from the kitchen to the living room is extremely inconvenient. And if your family loves evening gatherings at the family table and is torn between comfortable sofa in the living room and delicious pancakes in the kitchen, then the solution suggests itself. It is necessary to combine the space of the living and dining areas.

The kitchen-living room can become very convenient solution, but... the other side of the coin is the smells of cooking food, which can linger for a long time furniture upholstery. That is why it is still recommended to set aside a small isolated nook with a dispensing window for the kitchen.

For everyday cooking, an area of ​​6-8 m2 is sufficient. A pantry for storing food will help you avoid discomfort; a refrigerator will also find shelter there. The utility room must be adjacent to the kitchen, and the refrigerator can be built into the wall so that the front faces the kitchen and the rear is hidden in the pantry.

BATHROOM

STANDARD: multi-level layout involves mandatory presence bathrooms on each floor. At the same time, they cannot be placed above living rooms. At least one bathroom in the house must be separate.

And more often it is customary to do this: downstairs there is a guest toilet and a full bathroom. Upstairs there is a combined bathroom with shower. This is when you need to save territory. In other cases, you can complete the bathroom according to your imagination.

The smallest guest toilet can be made on the first level, it is at least 0.9 m wide and 1.2 m deep.

BEDROOMS

It is on this territory that future owners are trying to save money, since it is used only in the evening and at night. However, you should not go beyond the bounds of reason: you can deprive yourself, but the children's bedroom is most often inhabited around the clock and there should be enough space for a bed, a work desk and a play area.

In addition, the sleeping area is traditionally a place for storing things. It would be quite reasonable modern solution: bedrooms are designed with sufficient area for arranging furniture, and from them there is an exit to one common room.

No matter how much you save, it is not wise to make a bedroom less than 9 m2, and then only if there is only a bed there. More optimal minimum size– from 12 m2.

STANDARD: the minimum linear dimensions of any living space cannot be less than 2 m. In other words: in any room there cannot be walls less than two meters long.

SUPPORT ROOMS

Placing a washing machine in the kitchen or bathroom is a thing of the past. Modern layouts require the presence of a utility room (utility unit).

As a last resort, the automatic machine is built into a closet (niche, under-staircase space) in the hallway.

The benefit is obvious: absolute autonomy plus the shortest possible path to the dryer outside.

LADDER

If the staircase performs only a functional load, then it is advisable to place it in the hall adjacent to the wall - this way you will save as much space as possible, and there will be enough space under the stairs to store something.

Well, the main staircase, designed as a key element of the interior, is more often placed in the living room (hall-living room) and there is no talk of any under-staircase cabinets. Maximum, put some light furniture (dressing table, table, chair, armchair).

STANDARD: you cannot save on this, the height of the step cannot be more than 17 cm, while the width of the tread must be equal to the length of the foot - about 23 cm. The width of the flight of stairs is at least 80 cm, handrails are required. Otherwise, the stairs will cause injury.

Screw structures are the most space-efficient. It is better to lead the “butterfly” (“duck step”) staircase to a non-residential attic, but not to the sleeping area (if you are awake, you can confuse which foot to start the step with). It is highly recommended to plan a window next to the flight of stairs so that the steps are always sufficiently illuminated.

It is possible to equip a residential attic provided that the height of the roof ridge is at least 3 m above the upper ceiling, but even in this case the space will be quite small in area. Therefore, it is better if the height of the ridge of your house significantly exceeds this figure.

If the roof is flat and raised to a height of 1.5 to 3 meters, it may be worth abandoning the idea of ​​arranging an attic in favor.

WINDOW

Windows with access to a terrace or balcony are best made French (“floor-length”). This is a recommendation.

Choosing an energy-saving double-glazed window minimizes heat loss, and at the same time, the interior will acquire sophistication. This is especially true for small rooms, where it is almost the only way to visually enlarge the space due to the effect of the “absence” of a wall.

For the attic floor, standard windows are suitable only if they are located in the pediment. For installation in the roof there are specially designed window systems. Skylights are working on the problem no less than traditional ones visual expansion space.

STANDARD: the size of the windows must correspond to the room - at least 1/8 of the floor area.

CEILINGS

Low ceilings are a source of psychological discomfort. And if it is not possible to make them higher than the minimum values, then you should not dream of a multi-level ceiling design. Even elementary suspended ceiling“will eat” at least 6 cm in height. However, if you make it glossy, it will create the illusion of depth. And this could be a way out of the situation.

STANDARD:

• The minimum ceiling height in non-residential or rarely visited rooms (bedroom, bathroom) is at least 2.2 m.
• For premises in the daytime area (living room, hall, kitchen-dining room), this figure should be increased to 2.5 m.
• Cellar, boiler room and warehouses allow a height of at least 1.9 m.

House layout- Part project documentation, which displays the location of the main structures of the house, partitions, bathrooms, windows and doors. Among the additional information that is used to display house plan, you can highlight the area of ​​the premises, dimensions, wall material, placement of plumbing fixtures, axis alignment, as well as marks, for example, on the staircase. In this article, we'll look at how a house plan layout is created, as well as its most common variations.

House layout catalog

Architects carefully study the needs of people so that the layout of the house is most comfortable for them. In this regard, there are two types: first create a volume and then fill it with the necessary rooms, or first arrange the rooms correctly, and then create a three-dimensional model of the house from them - preparation for developing a house layout. House plans are developed at the design stage - see how the house layout is developed in a specialized program. Quite often a house requires several house plans:

• ground floor;
• typical;
• attic

They differ due to the location of the living space. For example, on the attic floor there is no need to install all the main walls. In addition, part of the usable area will be lost due to the low ceiling height near the enclosing walls of the house. So we will look at the plans and layouts of a 6x6 house; 6x8; 6x9; 7x7; 8x8; 8x10; 10x10; 10x12; 12x12.

This drawing is also compiled taking into account the standard sizes of prefabricated elements. This calculation will help reduce the number of places where foundation blocks, floor elements, etc. are missing. The process begins with drawing the axes of the house and tying the walls to them. After this, partitions, windows and doors are applied - watch the lesson on drawing additional elements on the house plan. The final stage signatures of the premises, their areas, as well as the application of dimensions - designation on the house layout drawings become. After the construction of a house, BTI draws up floor plans of the premises to take into account the changes that the owners will make.

House plan, popular layouts

Incorrect design leads to the need to carry out redevelopment - work associated with changing the space-planning solution of the house. The building may have several large rooms or just 2. Their number and area are determined overall dimensions houses: 6x6; 6x8; 6x9; 7x7; 8x8; 8x10; 10x10; 10x12; 12x12.

It is important to correctly arrange the usable area of ​​the building. In the process of this work, attention is paid to two coefficients that help evaluate the area occupied by corridors and utility rooms and compare it with living space.

House layout 6x6

House layout	Ground floor plan	Second floor plan
Quite comfortable house layout 6x6, which is often used for the construction of summer cottages. As you can see, the house plan has one living room, a kitchen, a steam room, and a terrace that can be used as a summer kitchen. This is a great vacation spot for big company. The 6x6 house plan in this case is not as large as many city residents are accustomed to, the total area is only 15.6 m2.
This house has the same dimensions in plan as the previous one, but involves the construction of a second floor. The layout of a 6x6 house on the second floor is significantly different from the layout of the first floor. However, this project can be called a country house, since it involves two bedrooms and one living room, which can easily accommodate a family for long stay. The 6x6 house plan also includes a kitchen, veranda, small corridors and a bathroom. The total area, according to the project, is 43.5 m2, and the living area is 25.5 m2.
This 6x6 house layout is more designed for relaxing with friends or family. The large veranda is conducive to communication. The house also has a sauna and shower, which will make your stay in a country house more comfortable. The total area is smaller than in the previous version due to the fact that the house is one-story, it is 29.5 m2, and the living area is 15.2 m2.

House layout 6x8

Practical house layout 6x8, in which a kitchen, a large dining room and a bedroom fit in a small area. On the second floor there is a dressing room, two large bedrooms, as well as a balcony and fireplace. It's really cozy home, which will make your stay very comfortable. The house plan shows a bathroom located under the stairs; it has an area slightly smaller than the kitchen area - 2.8 m2. Total area - 48.5 m2, living area - 30.5 m2.
This is a real country house for a large company. The project provides for two bedrooms on the second floor, and on the first floor there is only a spacious kitchen-living room, a sauna, a swimming pool and a bathroom. Building a house according to such a project is beneficial for small families. The given 6x8 house plan assumes a total area of ​​49.5 m2 and a living area of ​​31.4 m2.
A smaller 6x8 house layout. However, it is very cozy, as it can accommodate at least 4 people with comfortable living conditions. The house has two bedrooms, a huge kitchen-living room, equipped with three windows that perfectly illuminate the room. The hall on the second floor can be used to have a good time in company; it can accommodate billiards, tennis or more. Total 51.8 m2, residential 32.7 m2.

House layout 6x9

Small club house. House layout 6x9 designed for lovers of billiards and poker. On the 1st floor there is a large living room-dining room-kitchen, after sharing which guests will certainly want to go up to the 2nd floor. The presented house plan 6x9 most likely assumes an attic floor. Total area 51.8 m2, living area - 32.7 m2.
Small club house. The 6x9 house layout is designed for lovers of billiards and poker. On the 1st floor there is a large living room-dining room-kitchen, after sharing which guests will certainly want to go up to the 2nd floor. The presented house plan most likely assumes an attic floor. Total area 51.8 m2, living area - 32.7 m2.
The house is designed very rationally and has everything you need for life. These include three large bedrooms, a large veranda, and a loggia. Area: total 53.8 m2 residential 38.8 m2

House layout 7x7

This is precisely the organization of the space of the house that they try to achieve when remodeling apartments. The house has two spacious bedrooms, a large kitchen-dining room opening onto the veranda, a hall and a real bathhouse. Such 7x7 house layouts are really convenient. Total area 57.1 m2, living area 34.0 m2.
This house plan 7x7 Suitable for those people who really love space. The layout of the house involves the arrangement of large rooms that will allow you to have a good rest. A veranda stretches along the main facade of the house, and on the second floor there is a spacious loggia. As seen, house layout 7x7 involves the construction of two bedrooms, one of them is equipped with access to the street. Total area 53.8 m2 living area 38.8 m2
A small house with a laconic layout. It perfectly takes into account the conditions necessary for a full-fledged stay. It has a large bedroom, kitchen and bathroom. According to the house plan, the total area is 50.8 m2, and the living area is 22.0 m2

House layout 8x10

The distribution of usable area below is noteworthy in that the first floor is designed according to the classical scheme: space is allocated for a garage, workshop, kitchen, toilet, living room and hallway. Living quarters and a recreation room are located on the attic floor.

This 8x10 house layout made of profiled timber fits everything you need for life on the ground floor: two spacious bedrooms, a large kitchen-dining room, and a living room. The house has a convenient combined bathroom.

The house below can be called a dream. The first floor is designed quite well, in addition, its front part is skillfully decorated with a terrace and a balcony above it. Large living and common rooms are all a sign correct use usable area.

House layout 8x8

The layout of the cottage is notable for the fact that the house will do for a family of four. The ground floor plan of an 8x8 house shows two large bedrooms, a kitchen combined with a living room. The second floor plan consists of two bedrooms, a large corridor opening onto a balcony. It should be noted that the corridor has railings on one side, since there are no ceilings above the living room with the kitchen. Total area 69.7 m2 living area 36.9 m2
Dimensions of this country house - 8x8 layout designed for relaxation. On the ground floor there are auxiliary rooms: a hall, a steam room, a veranda, recreation areas and a kitchen-living room. On the second floor there is a large comfortable bedroom. Total area 62.3 m2, living area 34.0 m2
This house layout 8x8 also suitable for a shared holiday. The ground floor plan of the house has a sauna, a dressing room, showers, a swimming pool, a relaxation room, a terrace, and also a small storage room. On the second floor there is a bedroom with an area of ​​15 m2. The layout of the house has a total area of ​​63.1 m2 and a living area of ​​28.3 m2.

House layout 9x9

An unusual housing option. The central room contains a hall and a kitchen. To the right of them there is a large living room. The windows are located in bay windows, there are no partitions, this all corresponds to the creation of airy space. The house has two bathrooms, three exits to the street, in addition, the house plan includes a laundry room, a sauna, a terrace and bathrooms. For relax house layout 9x9 provides two bedrooms located on the second floor.
This is also a custom vacation home layout that is ideal for a large family. The building has as many as three bedrooms, as can be seen on the second floor plan of the house, one of them has an "L" shape. Enough convenient layout The 9x9 house also accommodates a sauna located near the bathroom, as well as a utility room. Total area 96.5 m2, living area - 47.3 m2.
This is a comfortable house, designed for permanent residence. Compact layout, separate bathroom, spacious bedroom, children's room and office on the second floor of the house - all these are signs of urban construction. The kitchen is combined with a large living room; there are small utility rooms on the ground floor.

House layout 10x10

It's also compact house layout 10x10, characterized by increased comfort. The house has a large terrace accessed by two staircases. The first floor involves the construction of a large living room, a relaxation room, a separate kitchen, in addition, an entrance hall is indicated on the house plan. The second floor has a huge hall - 30 m2 and two small bedrooms with an area of ​​11.3 m2 each. Total 121.8 m2, and residential 57.1 m2
Large house for a family with children. In the 10x10 planning solution, space is reserved for small children: there is a large game room. On the ground floor, most of the space is occupied by the kitchen and living room. Total area 123.2 m2, living area 78.0 m2.
Spacious house with large rooms and original internal zoning. The living room, dining room and kitchen are a single room with an unusual geometry. The kitchen area is placed in a small niche, and only the expansive area is left visible." The hall is replaced by a vestibule and a corridor. On the 1st floor there is also a bedroom and a separate bathroom. Upstairs there are large bedrooms, one of which has access to the upper terrace. This house layout 10x10 even implies the presence of a library. Total area 137.8 m2 and living area - 74.7 m2

House layout 10x12

The options for using usable area and volume below are notable for their efficient use of usable space. In the second illustration, the house is architecturally expressive and has a garage that fits well with its surroundings.

House layout 12x12

This house is designed for a large number of residents, it has four bedrooms, the layout of the house is such that 3 of them are located on the second floor and have a large area. The house has a large hall, which has access to the bathroom and allows you to go downstairs. The living room is combined with a kitchen-dining room, one of its sides is completely glazed. As you can see on the 12x12 house plan, the living room is combined with a kitchen-dining room. The total area is 137.8 m2, and the living area is 74.7 m2
This option house layout 12x12 intended for permanent residence. It has a storage room, several utility rooms and a garage. A good addition is the veranda, which makes the house so cozy. The hall, living room and kitchen are located downstairs. The total area of ​​the house is 141.3 m2, living area is 55.9 m2.
A nice home with a nice 12x12 layout. It has a separate room for the location of the electrical unit, as well as an attic. As you can see, the house plan involves a device large terrace and loggias above. There are 2 bedrooms on each floor. The total area is 152.0 m2, and the living area is 94.2 m2.

DIY house layout

The essence of developing a house layout comes down to the compact arrangement of premises; here it is important to talk about the fact that in design there are two ways to create layouts. Both involve preliminary determination of the number of people and their gender, age in order to calculate the area necessary premises. The difference is that when using the first method, you need to represent all areas of the premises as rooms, for example, 15 m2 are allocated for the bedroom, which means this room can have dimensions of 5x3 meters. Reasoning in this way, it is necessary to imagine all the rooms and try to arrange them on the plan.

Agree that the first method misses one important detail: when you arrange the rooms, one will extend beyond the other, so the building will turn out complex shape. The way out of this situation may be to adjust the premises to one line or use the second method of designing the layout of the premises. It consists of drawing the outline of a building of a given area, which is also calculated based on the number, gender and age of the future inhabitants of the house. For example, if you calculate that you need an area of ​​70 m2, then this is exactly how much usable area your home should have. It should be emphasized that when using the second method of drawing up a house layout, it may turn out that you forget to add to the usable area the space that the walls will occupy, so you mistakenly choose a smaller outline for the task. If everything is calculated correctly and the outline of the house is drawn in a drawing program or on a sheet of paper, then you can proceed to drawing the premises. Here, of course, you cannot do without adjusting the areas of the rooms; in addition, it is important to pay attention to ensuring that the floor slabs or beams are of a certain length. As designers note, a room without sharp corners looks much better; external corners, which are perceived as large deviations of a straight wall from the normal, look the worst.

Above, we discussed how to create a house layout with your own hands, but we did not touch upon what principle for arranging rooms in it. The fact is that the house plan has two sides: the front and rear facades, which may differ in design and architecture. The front door should face the main facade, so the hallway will be located in this part. The main facade and front door must be facing the road; you can’t build a house facing your land plot, the main architects of the city make sure that all buildings are combined with each other. Just say where the entrance should be located, and where will it lead? The most traditional solution is to install a small vestibule where guests can take off their shoes and outerwear, before entering the house. But if everyone counts square meter, then you can abandon the vestibule, as is often done in Western countries; the front door will lead to a room where furniture and appliances can be installed. However, in this case, do not forget about the need to install a second door to increase thermal insulation characteristics enclosing structure at the opening.

Rooms of a residential building

Below is a theory regarding the rooms of residential buildings. You've probably come across interiors or designs of rooms of certain sizes on the Internet, and you liked some options more and others less. As a rule, for medium-sized and large sizes more options registration

Traditionally, a room appears to everyone as a rectangular room. This stereotype arose due to the peculiarities of construction apartment buildings. In them, the width of the building is selected so that one part of the room faces the street. And no longer multi-storey building you can’t build it, and there’s no point in doing so. Making rooms wider is already expensive, and building a house with this layout is not profitable. But when building private housing, you need the most comfortable layout home, so look for options with medium to large square-shaped rooms. When developing or searching for a ready-made option, make sure that the rooms have normal aspect ratios:

• if the room is rectangular, then the length should not exceed the width by more than 2 times. Example: a 6x4 m room has a normal aspect ratio, but a 3x7 m room is a designer’s mistake;
• corridors should occupy as little area as possible; if possible, then let the rooms be connected by rooms, it’s better this way than giving up the usable area of ​​your house for passage and clutter;
• calculate the number of windows and their area in such a way that the rooms in the house are sufficiently illuminated, otherwise it will turn out that you were in vain trying to place the living rooms in the layout of the house closer to the sunny side;
• place the furniture at the planning stage so that it doesn’t turn out that the only place for the bed becomes the wall opposite the entrance and similar options.

If everything is clear with the proportions of the rooms, then now you should pay attention to their area, because you can make a larger room for your loved one. However, too large rooms are more difficult to ventilate, cool and warm up, and it is too much to give in to this desire.

if you love non-standard solutions and you don’t mind spending a little free space on an interesting design solution, then take a closer look at a room two floors high. This technique is also called second light; it looks great in large expensive houses. If your house plan is made using this option, then the most suitable look A room on two floors will be heated using infrared heating, since the air at the top will not warm up and an air gap will not form near the ceiling.

The living area is called bedrooms, common rooms, children's rooms, veranda, dining room, living rooms, and also an office.

The utility area includes a hallway with a dressing room, bathrooms, a garage, a kitchen, a pantry, a bathroom, and a boiler room. An example of the location of utility rooms is the 10x10 house layout, the third option, on which the bathroom is conveniently located and the library is on the second floor. Decide for yourself what living and utility rooms you need, this will allow you to roughly imagine the required usable area, and therefore the number of floors of the house.

Location of rooms on the house layout

Pay attention to your construction site and find out where there will be more sunny side. Now look at the rough layout of the house and think: which part of it will be illuminated more by the sun. Having found the most illuminated area, place living quarters in it, since this is where people spend most of their time.

In addition to what we have listed, there are some other tips for planning a house: this is dividing the plans into two parts: the back and the front. The front part on the first floor is located on the side of the doors, and on the second floor it is located on the side of the stairs. In the front part of the building plan there are rooms such as a common room, a guest room, an office and similar rooms that are intended for human social activities.

Bedrooms and children's rooms

We said that living rooms should be well lit, but where will they be located? Many bedrooms are located on the second floor - look at the layouts of two-story houses, the bedrooms there in the vast majority of cases are located on the second floor. One bedroom, and most often a children's room, finds its place on the first floor.

Bedrooms and children's rooms should be calculated based on the norm: one person 8 m2, two same-sex children - 12-20 m2, married couple - also 12-20 m2. The norms can be increased, but not decreased. On the layout of the house, bedrooms and children's rooms should be placed taking into account that they are not passageways; doors and windows should be placed in such a way that they do not interfere with the installation of furniture. It should be remembered that their location can only be on above-ground floors. Below it will be written that the windows of residential premises should face south or east for good lighting. According to existing building regulations, one bedroom should be oriented to the east and south (sector 70-2000); if the house has more than 4-6 rooms, then it is better to orient at least two living spaces into this well-lit part of the house layout. Here house layout 6x8 has 4 bedrooms, two of which are located on the second floor. Please note that they are located in one part of the house, which must be oriented to the cardinal points, according to the standards given slightly above.

The height of residential premises should be more than 2.5 meters, which is comfortable for living, the only exception is the height of the inclined part of the ceiling of the attic floor, which does not exceed 50% of the area of ​​the room.

General

This is a room that is often larger than others; the area can be 16-40 m2. The purpose of this room is most varied: it can be: a dining room, a living room, a fireplace or a front room. Take a closer look at house layouts 6x6; 6x8; 6x9; 7x7; 8x8; 8x10; 10x10; 10x12; 12x12– almost all of them have it common area. Distinctive feature from residential is that it can be made passable, doorways can be made without door leaves. As a rule, it is recommended to connect the common room with the bedrooms using a corridor or stairs, but a direct connection using doors is also possible, but this is not very convenient. In a common room, it is better not to create unnecessary walking paths, and also to cross them in the middle.

On the layout of the house, the common room can be divided into functional areas, for example, a fireplace, a dining room, an area for children to play, watch TV, etc. The living room is well located – house layout 8x8, in the first option. As we can see, this is a rather noisy room, at least at times, so it is better not to connect the common room with the living room.

Boiler room

Do not forget about the installation of a boiler room or boiler room; it is advisable to place it on the ground floor, and if there is none, on the first floor, but with a separate exit (must be checked according to building codes). You should not combine the boiler room with a washing or drying room. Better use the free space for storage. gardening tools, however, it should not be unnecessarily cluttered. The area of ​​the room and its volume depend on the equipment that is installed in it.

Front

Of course, in order for it to be convenient to enter the house and things not to be scattered, you need to make a front room on the house plan. It can be 1.4 meters wide and the area can be about 7m2. Since mezzanines can be installed in the hallway, its height can be reduced to 2.2 meters. The front room is classified as utility rooms.

To reduce the penetration of cold into the house, you can design a vestibule more than 1.2 meters long or double doors. The hallway is connected to other rooms through corridors, a living room, staircases and a hall.

Bathroom and toilet

The bathroom should be located on the first and second floors. The toilet can only be installed on the first floor. It can be combined with a bathtub or be made as separate room. It is better to place the bathroom next to the bedroom, but not to make them adjacent rooms, but to separate these rooms with others, for example, a dressing room.

If you have a little more money to spare, consider building a separate room for drying, washing and ironing. Agree that sometimes you just don’t want to see a washing machine in the bathroom, and the housewife is often disturbed when she is washing clothes. Needless to say, we iron clothes in the rooms reserved for recreation, and use the spacious balconies for drying.

Other premises associated with the use of water are a bathhouse (sauna) and a swimming pool. They can be placed in basement. House layout 7x7 shows that a bathhouse or swimming pool can be on the ground floor. If you want to design a swimming pool on the floors on the house plan, you must remember that in this case they must be reinforced.

Kitchen

This room is usually associated with home comfort and appears bright and warm. Today, the room allocated for the kitchen area is often connected to an adjacent room, since the importance of the cooking zone is gradually decreasing. The kitchen area on the house plan should be approximately 10-12 m2, this is a standard parameter, but if the house is large and food is supposed to be eaten in the kitchen, then the kitchen can be more than 18 m2. Look house layout 6x9 meters on the ground floor has a kitchen of 16 m2, it’s more country house, since it has only two bedrooms, on average 8m2 each. We can say that this option can be used by a small family.

The kitchen area in the layout of the house is located, of course, on the ground floor, on shadow side plan. It wouldn’t be superfluous to arrange small kitchen and on the second floor. It is good to install a small refrigerator, electric kettle and microwave.

In general, when planning a house, you should consider not only the placement of the kitchen, but also technological sequence placement of kitchen equipment on it. It is represented by a sink, a cutting table, a cooking stove and sometimes washing machine. The placement of such elements can be carried out along one wall, or maybe along two walls. Cabinets, a refrigerator and auxiliary equipment are placed taking into account that the housewife spends as little time as possible on cooking.

Staircase and storage room

It is better to place the utility room in the layout of the house in the most unpromising place. Many people use the space under the stairs as it. The staircase is selected in such a size that large items can be carried along it. Spiral staircases, in fact, are inconvenient, the step located closer to the center of the circle is very narrow, which is inconvenient for a person when climbing. Well built staircase – house layout 9x9, in the second version, where it is installed in the kitchen combined with the living room. Flights of stairs It’s better to connect with platforms. You should not use trendy solutions, for example, steps mounted on the wall - this is hardly safe.

Probably the most convenient option There will be not a two-flight staircase, but a three-flight staircase. In this case, three flights are connected to each other by platforms using special fastenings - stringers. On the house layout staircase It will take a lot of space, but the loss of usable space can be reduced if you use the space under and above the stairs.

Garage

Often a garage is included in the layout of a house. The most common solution is to install a garage on the ground floor. But, there are also projects in which the garage is located in the basement. The only drawback may be the steep climb - will the car climb it in winter?

In general, the construction of garages in residential buildings maybe still on the ground floor, but not on the second. The garage can also be designed as an extension. A canopy must be designed over the gate if there are windows above it. Using an unheated garage increases the heat loss of the house, since the wall between the garage and the house loses less heat. An example of a built-in garage illustrates house layout 8x10, in the first version the garage has two doors. On the other hand, a garage built into the house is all so simple only in the layout of the house, but in reality, it is an additional ventilation system that should effectively remove gases from this room. The entrance from the garage to the house should be made not through one, but through two sealed doors. It’s good if it goes not into the corridor, but into the vestibule, it’s very convenient and you won’t have to take off your shoes and put them on several times. Gates should be designed so wide that they do not impede entry and exit from the premises. Pay attention to the layout of the house and the size of the garage; if possible, calculate a two-car garage.

Veranda

Is important part a country house is, as a rule, an unheated room that has a large glazing area. It should be located on the east or north side. If the veranda is glazed, it will prevent heat loss from the enclosing structures. It is advisable to place a veranda in the layout of the house close to the kitchen and living room. In addition to windows, this room also has doors - they should be placed on the side so that the paths of movement do not intersect and the owners of the house can conveniently place furniture.

A comfortable veranda width is considered to be 2.4 meters. The height of the veranda is taken to be the same as that used in other rooms - more than 2.5 meters. For an example of the arrangement of such a room, note: house layout 6x6, the second one has a fairly large veranda with large windows.

Porch

Moving on: the layout of the house should have a porch that will allow you to conveniently enter and exit the house. The porch ennobles appearance home, giving it solidity. It should be noted that the layouts with a porch look modern and show that they have been well thought out. But don’t forget about the visor, under which you can open or close the umbrella in the rain and which will protect your front door from more atmospheric precipitation. A good solution when installing a porch may be to place it under the ceiling of the second floor, but no matter how you look at it, this option will take about 2 m2 away from the usable area, so its use in the layout of the house may be inappropriate.

Basement

If it is possible to build a basement under the entire area of ​​the house, then it is better to take advantage of it. On the layout of the house, you can calculate the places for placing engineering equipment in the basement, workshop, garage, bathhouse, swimming pool and other areas. For lighting, it is better to arrange pits with windows and a drainage system.

The height of the pitch should be more than 1.8 meters. It should be noted that strip foundations Often it is necessary to bury it exactly to this depth, so there should not be any problems.

Instead of a basement, some owners arrange an underground space, the height of which is less than 1.9 meters. This is also shown on the house layout with the heights indicated, but this option is only advisable to use when the height of the groundwater is too close to the surface.

Windows and doors on the house layout

Window and door openings must be thought out; for example, it is desirable that with the help of doors it becomes possible to block the movement of air from the second floor to the first. The openings can be very wide, which, in principle, looks pretty good. Wide doors allow furniture to be brought in unhindered and two people can comfortably pass through at the same time. Optimal width the door will be 90 cm.

Window openings are mainly arranged for lighting. The ratio of the area of ​​light openings should be greater than 1:8 - for rooms on a full floor; for the attic floor, window openings can be slightly smaller - ratio 1:10.

It will not be unnecessary to install large windows. The use of double-glazed windows will allow you not to worry about large heat losses with an increased glass area, and the layout of the house will only benefit from this. However, it must be remembered that windows whose area is larger than the standard, when used in rooms facing west, can lead to overheating. Of course, you can’t put all the windows on the main façade, and there’s no point in doing so; when the windows face the courtyard, this is also very useful; you can not only provide good lighting and ventilation to the premises, but also provide good review into the yard, you can see what the children are doing, who is walking there, etc.

Kitchens and bathrooms should be large enough, as this determines the ease of cooking and bathing. You shouldn’t skimp on a bathtub, especially if the house size is 250 m2. When building a two-story house, it is better to have two bathrooms. There may only be a shower on the second floor.

Windows that reach the ceiling look good - this option should definitely be considered on the house plan when there is wildlife outside the window. To improve the appearance of the window, you can remove the battery. Do not be greedy when distributing windows; one room may have more than one window.

Building your own living space has many nuances. Before construction begins, the location of the future cottage, its size and number of floors are selected. Budgetary and practical option the choice will be in favor of a one-story house, the plan of which is easier and faster to draw up than. Various sizes and variety design solutions will allow everyone to find a project.

There are a number of advantages of a small house with an attic:

• high speed of construction and design;
• less material costs for foundations and building materials;
• it is easier to provide the entire room with the necessary communications;
• you can order a ready-made project of economy or luxury class;
• the building can be erected on almost any type of soil without fear of destruction or settlement of the house.

The disadvantages include limited space and layout options, since only 3-4 full rooms can fit on the ground floor.

Advice! If you want to find the most affordable option, opt for a house made of foam blocks.

Among standard projects, highlight the dimensions:

• 8x10 m.

Each design has its own characteristics, and externally can be made in any design, distinguishing your home from others.

Plan of a one-story house 6 by 6 m: interesting photo examples of finished work

Planning a one-story cottage can take a lot of time, but the construction process itself, with a well-prepared plan, will go much faster. IN small house important to consider correct location rooms with maximum rational use the entire living area.

Among the plans for small houses 6x6 m with one floor you can find very interesting options. Here are some photo examples of circuits and finished buildings:

The living area in such a modest room is only 36 m², but even in such an area you can arrange a sleeping room and a living room, and move the nursery to the attic. It is better to make the bathroom combined, freeing up space for the kitchen or hallway. Such designs are often chosen by elderly couples or small young families with one child.

Plan of a one-story house 9 by 9 m: photo examples with options for room distribution

There are quite a lot of layouts for a one-story house 9 by 9 m, despite the modest living space. You can make a plan yourself or order a ready-made version from the masters. Here are a few interesting options room locations:

A one-story house 9 by 9 m can be built from stone, timber, energy-saving panels or. The last option is the most affordable. A garage or attic can be added to any structure to make the space larger and more functional.

On average, the total living area will be 109 m², and the facades can be very diverse. Here are some ready-made 9x9 m:

Corner option with a porch with stone cladding

Neat option with an attic floor

Wooden house with porch

Combination of wood and stone cladding

Layout of a one-story house 8 by 10 m with photo

When planning the construction of a house and drawing up a project, it is worth thinking through many nuances, ranging from the number of people in the family, ending with the location of the building on the site with the choice of window location.

Modern technologies allow you to create 3D projects one-story houses 8 by 10 m, taking into account their location on the site. To do this, they use special ones, where it is even possible to distribute rooms and arrange furniture.

There are many layouts and options for the distribution of living rooms; you can choose a project for a one-story house 8x10 with an attic or attached garage, and also think about the ground floor. All this allows you to maximize the usable area of ​​the building.

Here are a few interesting layouts:

Projects of one-story houses up to 150 m²: photos and description of layouts

One-story houses with a living area of ​​up to 150 m² are perfect for families of 4-5 people. They can accommodate three bedrooms, a living room and a kitchen, as well as attach a garage, make a basement where all communication wiring can be moved. Attic - also good idea for small buildings.

According to European standards, a house up to 150 m² is classified as small; such structures have a number of advantages:

• variability of materials for building a house (timber, stone, foam block and others);
• compactness, which is important for small areas;
• lower consumption of building materials and physical costs, which reduces the cost of construction;
• a small living area allows you to save on utility bills.

You can design a house yourself or order ready plan with turnkey construction. There are several standard dimensions for cottages up to 150 m²:

• 10 by 12 m;
• 12x12 m;
• 11 by 11 m.

There are also options with a basement, attic and garage.

Plans for a one-story house 10 by 12 and 12 by 12 m with photo examples

The average living space in a 10 by 12 house is 140 m² with an attic floor. The distribution of rooms, like appearance at home can be varied. When choosing a project, it is worth considering the number of family members who will live under one roof.

In this case, any option for a one-story building will have a number of advantages:

• the ability to make an attic using a gable roof, increasing the area;
• Is there an option to build a garage or extra room to the side of the house, if the area of ​​the plot allows.
• ease of operation and maintenance at home: perfect for children or the elderly, as there is no need to climb stairs;
• you can implement almost any design idea in the facade by installing arches or other decorations.

Among finished projects The layout of one-story houses 10x10 or 10x12 m varies. Here are some photo examples to make it easier for you to imagine your future home:

Plan of a one-story house 11 by 11 m made of timber with photo

Among all the options, a special place is occupied by one-story ones, which can be of any size, including 11 by 11 m. Natural material always attracts the attention of consumers, looks beautiful in any area, and proper construction The service life of buildings is long.

Among all the advantages of timber buildings, there are several main advantages:

• timber can be regular or profiled, so you can choose different ones;
• the material is durable and environmentally friendly;
• easy to install wiring in the house: there is no difficulty in drilling walls;
• wood does not allow cold to pass through: houses can be built even in climates with harsh winters.

The disadvantages include the ability of wood to absorb moisture, so an additional layer of wall waterproofing will be required, and it should also be applied special composition from the formation of rot and mold. Wood is considered an expensive material, so even a one-story house can hardly be classified as a cheap building.

There are many layout options; for example, wooden one-story houses 11 by 11 m with an attic look beautiful. Here are some photographic examples of different finished designs:

Plan of a one-story house 12 by 12: options for distributing rooms

It is easier to think through the layout of a one-story house of 12x12 m, because the large area allows you to place rooms in any order, create several large or many small rooms. Attic floor they are given over to offices and children's rooms or non-residential recreation areas are equipped, and additional openings can serve as a summer refuge from the heat and scorching sun.

When choosing a suitable arrangement of rooms, you can draw up your own project by hand or in a special 3D editor, take a ready-made version as a basis, or order a plan from specialists in construction company of your city.

Here are several options for layouts of 12 by 12 m houses, as well as ready-made structures:

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