Mixture for plastering aerated concrete blocks. Facade plaster for aerated concrete. Plastering and surface reinforcement technology

Internal and external plastering of gas silicate blocks is one of the most common methods of finishing walls made of this material. When carrying out this work, many people forget that they follow a slightly different approach than conventional brick or monolithic concrete surfaces.

Since houses made of aerated concrete easily absorb moisture, they must be plastered.

Plaster errors

For example, a case that needs to be considered to make it clear what the consequences may be if there are errors in finishing walls made of aerated concrete.

For exterior finishing the use of ordinary cement-sand mortar is simply unacceptable. This is all connected with the same vapor permeability and leads to a violation of the main rule, which states that any multi-layer breathable wall must have a vapor permeability that increases from the inside out from layer to layer or be at least comparable.

The plaster mixture for walls containing is sold in the form of a dry powder with special additives that help meet the following performance characteristics:

If you leave a house made of aerated concrete over the winter without plastering, then next year it will “delight” you with a network of cracks.

vapor permeability (the most important factor);
water resistance (no less important and protects the blocks from getting wet);
good frost resistance;
high adhesion (ability to adhere tightly to blocks);
resistance to mechanical damage;
elasticity (prevents the appearance of cracks during precipitation and during the process of expansion and contraction during temperature changes outside);
heat resistance (increases the ability to withstand the effects of fire, i.e. increases fire safety the entire building).

Before the beginning plastering works preparatory work is required. Clean the wall surface from dust, dirt, bitumen stains or old layers of plaster or paint.

The plaster solution for gas silicate blocks must be prepared strictly following the instructions on the packaging. To begin with, the mixture can be poured into a container of sufficient size, observing the proportions in terms of quantity and weight. For 1 kg of mixture, 0.20 liters of water is usually required. It is very important to correctly add the required amount of water, since it is undesirable to dilute plaster mixtures with too thick a consistency, and it is simply inconvenient to use plaster that is too liquid. The mixture of ideal consistency should be somewhat like a cream.

You can mix plaster mixtures manually, but it will be more convenient, better and faster if you use a drill with a special attachment.

Step-by-step instruction

Walls made of gas silicate blocks should be plastered in the following sequence:

The finishing of the facade occurs in three stages - priming, plastering and painting.

The wall is coated with a special primer, which is made from acrylate siloxane, which has strengthening and hydrophobic properties.
A fiberglass mesh is attached to the wall, which is resistant to alkali solutions and has a surface density of 200 g/m³. It should have a high resistance to tensile loads and should not stretch.
Having previously installed the guide beacons, the solution is evenly applied to the wall. This is done using a plastering unit, trowel or ladle. The thickness of the plaster layer should not be more than 1.5 cm. If the plaster mixture is applied in 2 layers, then each layer should be within 7 - 9 mm.
The still fresh plaster is leveled using a plaster lath, the excess is removed with a wooden float.
After letting the surface dry a little, it is rubbed down.
Not earlier than after 48 hours, the walls are covered with specially designed vapor-permeable paints, for example, ATLAS ARKOL S or FASTEL.

All tools must be thoroughly rinsed with water immediately after finishing work, otherwise the remaining plaster will harden and removing it will take a lot of time and effort.

The quality of the plaster layer is checked using a long strip (from floor to ceiling), which is applied in several places both horizontally and vertically. The presence of irregularities and protrusions relative to the plane of the rack is immediately noticeable. The permissible error is 5-7 mm, since it is invisible to the ordinary eye.

In order to increase the service life of the facade, finishing coat can be additionally treated with a layer of water repellent. But before applying, you need to wait until the house is as dry as possible. That is, this can be done 1 - 1.5 years after the completion of all finishing work (external and internal). The applied layer of water repellent should be as thin as possible.

To summarize, it is clear that plastering aerated concrete is not cheap, as many people think. Saving on materials can lead to disastrous consequences, as was shown in the example at the beginning of the article. Here we can confidently say this: it’s not about bad building materials, but about their incorrect and inappropriate use. And if a decision is made to plaster gas silicate concrete, then it is necessary to do this using only materials suitable for this particular work.

Gas silicate-based blocks are widely used as a building material for the construction of buildings. They provide increased thermal insulation of buildings, but due to their porous structure they absorb moisture. Form protective covering walls allow plaster mixture. First, rough plaster for gas silicate blocks is laid on the prepared surface. Then apply thin layer solution and grouting is performed. Covering the wall with aerated concrete, plastered with dry mixtures, helps prevent cracking of the material due to waterlogging.

Properties of gas silicate material and its protection using a plaster layer

Silicate blocks are a modern building material characterized by a cellular structure. They are made from a mixture of quartz sand and cement, to which aluminum powder and lime are added. When mixing the ingredients, it occurs chemical reaction, as a result of which the gas silicate solution increases its volume and then hardens in special forms.

Gas silicate based blocks are used as building materials for the construction of buildings.

As a result of the gas formation reaction, the blocks acquire a porous structure, which determines the main performance characteristics material:

reduced thermal conductivity. Gas silicate walls reduce thermal energy losses and reduce heating costs;
ability to absorb noise. Cells unevenly distributed inside the blocks prevent extraneous noise from entering the room;
increased vapor permeability. Air exchange occurs through the pores, improving the microclimate of the living space.

In addition, the blocks have energy-saving properties. They gradually accumulate thermal energy, which is then transferred to the room and increases its temperature.

reduced weight;
increased strength characteristics;
increased volume;
correct geometry;
minimum tolerances on dimensions;
good machinability;
environmental cleanliness;
frost resistance;
fire safety.

In the field of low-rise construction, silicate blocks have proven themselves positively

The need to plaster the surface of porous blocks is associated with the following properties of the material:

increased hygroscopicity. Porous gas silicate is prone to absorbing moisture, which causes gradual destruction of the material when negative temperature, and also promote the development of microorganisms. To prevent cracking of the blocks, they are plastered;
reduced adhesion of the cellular surface of the blocks to finishing materials. Plaster mixtures based on sand and cement, as well as lime-based plasters, do not adhere well to porous gas silicate. Carrying out finishing measures allows you to increase adhesion;
moisture condensation inside the gas silicate mass. As a result of intensive air exchange occurring under conditions of temperature changes, moisture accumulates inside the blocks. It makes it difficult for air vapor to escape from the room and negatively affects the microclimate.

To ensure adhesion of the gas silicate surface, the following work is carried out:

cover the gas silicate with a special solution. The soil penetrating deep into the cellular gas silicate improves adhesive properties;
strengthen the gas silicate surface of metal, nylon or fiberglass mesh. It allows you to apply an increased layer of plaster;
Several layers of plaster are applied successively. Layer finishing allows you to create smooth surface with increased adhesive properties.

The cellular structure determines the need to protect the surface of gas silicate blocks

The need to protect the surface of gas silicate blocks and other products made from porous concrete due to their cellular structure. Finishing gas silicate walls- a mandatory event.

Purpose of plastering:

prevention of destruction of gas silicate walls as a result of temperature fluctuations;
protection of gas silicate blocks from intense moisture absorption and development of microorganisms;
improvement appearance various buildings, the walls of which are built from gas silicate blocks;
reducing the volume of heat loss through the unprotected surface of gas silicate walls;
ensuring comfortable indoor conditions by providing increased sound insulation;
leveling the surface of the walls after laying the blocks, allowing you to create a flat base for finishing;
protection of block walls from the formation of cracks, allowing to increase the service life of the building.

Aerated concrete is susceptible to the influence of natural factors - precipitation, ultraviolet rays and weathering. In addition, porous gas silicate is destroyed as a result of mechanical damage. Plastering walls made of gas silicate blocks provides reliable protection throughout the period of operation.

Reliable protection provides plastering of walls made of gas silicate blocks

We prepare the necessary tools and building materials

Preliminary preparation of building materials and the necessary tool will speed up finishing work and increase their productivity.

To plaster gas silicate walls you should prepare:

rule designed to stretch plaster mixture along the lighthouses. The length of the rule is selected depending on the distance between the beacons;
metal guides, called beacons, to ensure flatness. The beacons serve as a guide when working with the rule;
drill with attachment or mixer. They are used to ensure accelerated and uniform mixing of the plaster mortar;
trowel and spatulas with extended work surface. The tool is used for throwing and leveling the plaster mixture;
plumb line, building level, tape measure. They are used in the marking process and are used for control during plastering activities.

You will also need a wide brush or roller to apply the primer composition to the surface of the blocks. To carry out the kneading, you need an appropriate container, and to fix the mesh you will need nails or dowels.

Tool for plastering walls

In addition to tools, you must purchase the following materials:

adhesive mixture for priming. It provides increased adhesion of plaster to gas silicate blocks;
mesh for surface reinforcement. Mesh reinforcement makes it difficult for cracks to form and strengthens the finishing layer;
dry mix for plastering work. Ready composition for plaster it is easy to purchase in specialized stores.

Having prepared everything you need, proceed to work.

Plaster mixture for gas silicate blocks - choosing high-quality plaster

Novice finishers and home craftsmen often ask the question of what to plaster with. gas silicate blocks, as well as what requirements apply to the plaster mixture.

It is easy to purchase plaster compounds in construction supermarkets. famous manufacturers:

Knauf companies;
brand Ceresit;
EuroMix company;
brand PROFIT.

Plaster compositions from well-known manufacturers can be easily purchased in construction supermarkets

Along with imported plaster mixtures and primers, finishing mixtures produced by domestic manufacturers are also offered. The expanded range of plaster compositions makes it difficult to accept the right decision novice masters. You can consult with construction department salespeople on how to plaster gas silicate blocks inside. Professionals will offer best option plasters and will also advise how to plaster gas silicate blocks on the outside of the building.

When purchasing ready-made plaster for external and internal finishing work, you should consider a number of factors:

area of use of plaster;
adhesion properties of the mixture;
resistance to negative temperatures;
vapor permeability of plaster after hardening;
moisture-proofing characteristics;
environmental cleanliness finishing material;
shelf life of the composition;
manufacturer's image;
duration of setting.

If you have the necessary ingredients, it’s easy to make your own plaster mortar. To do this, take cement and lime in equal proportions, mix with three parts of sand and dilute the resulting mixture with water to the desired consistency. Adding chalk will increase the plasticity of the plaster composition and make it easier to apply.

It’s easy to prepare your own plaster solution if you have the necessary components

Internal plastering of walls made of gas silicate blocks - stages of work

According to technology, execution interior work plastering of gas silicate walls includes the following steps:

Cleaning walls from dirt.
Impregnation gas silicate material special soil.
Installation of the mesh to the gas silicate surface.
Layer-by-layer application of plaster mortar.
Final finishing activities.

Let us dwell on the features of each stage of work.

We prepare the wall surface for treatment with a special primer

Preparing the surface of gas silicate is a critical step that ensures adhesion and affects the quality of plastering work.

The critical stage is preparing the gas silicate surface

Preparatory activities include:

Dust removal of gas silicate.
Removing old coating and dirt.
Degreasing problem areas.
Elimination of oily traces.
Increasing the depth of gas silicate masonry joints.

It is not always possible to remove oil and grease stains that have penetrated into the gas block mass with a metal brush. In this case, they are cut out with a chisel.

Applying primer to aerated concrete of internal walls and partitions

Treatment of gas silicate with a primer solves the following problems:

increases the adhesion of blocks with the finishing mixture;
reliably seals internal cavities;
gives the gas silicate surface additional roughness.

Primer should be applied in an even layer

Priming of blocks is carried out using various methods:

manually, using paint brush or wide roller;
using a spray bottle to cover a larger area.

The primer should be applied in an even layer, paying Special attention hard to reach places in the area of corners and openings. Plastering on gas silicate blocks is carried out after the soil has completely dried.

We attach the reinforcing mesh to the gas silicate blocks

Strengthening blocks plaster mesh provides improved adhesion of plaster. The mesh is attached in various ways:

by fastening metal mesh to the gas silicate surface with dowels or nails;
by pressing a fiberglass or nylon mesh into a pre-thrown layer of finishing composition.

Mesh reinforcement in combination with priming will achieve increased adhesion. After installing the mesh, you should secure the beacons, and also moisten the gas silicate surface with a spray bottle or brush. better penetration finishing composition.

Reinforcement with mesh in combination with priming will allow you to achieve increased adhesion

Plaster for aerated silicate blocks - the process of finishing aerated concrete material

Let's figure out how to properly plaster walls made of gas silicate blocks. Perform plastering in the following order:

Using a trowel, spread a layer of plaster mixture onto the gas silicate masonry.
Distribute the finishing composition along the guides as a rule.
Remove hardened lumps of plaster after it has hardened.

There is no need to try to ensure perfect flatness. You just need to distribute the mixture over the wall area.

Applying the finishing layer after finishing rough work

At the final stage of finishing activities, the following work is performed:

Rough plaster is covered with primer.
Finishing gas silicate plaster is carried out.
Irregularities are removed and finishing putty is applied.

Internal plaster of walls made of gas silicate blocks on finishing stage acquires the necessary flatness during the grinding and grouting process.

Applying the finishing layer

Plastering external walls with plaster compounds

For facade finishing structure is used, to which ingredients are added to increase water resistance.

This plastering of gas silicate blocks with cement mortar is carried out according to the following algorithm:

The facade of the building is cleaned of dirt.
The primer is applied to the surface of the gas silicate.
The metal mesh is being installed.
Facade plaster for gas silicate blocks is applied.

An improved aesthetic perception of the finish is achieved by coating the surface with paint.

Plastering walls with cement-sand mortar is used for façade finishing of buildings

External and internal plaster of gas silicate walls - useful tips

At independent execution plastering work should be guided by the advice and recommendations of professional finishers.

They focus on the following nuances:

performing work at temperatures of 5-30 degrees Celsius. At this temperature environment ensures normal drying of the plaster;
the need for layer-by-layer application of the finishing mixture. Wherein finishing layer plaster is applied only after the base has dried;
feasibility of surface wetting. At elevated temperature spraying liquid prevents the formation of cracks;
ratio of thicknesses of external and internal finishing equal to 2:1. This allows you to shift the dew point and prevent moisture condensation inside the blocks.

Please also note that optimal thickness the internal finishing layer is 8-14 mm. Professionals draw attention to the fact that gas silicate finishing can be done a month after the completion of wall laying.

Conclusion

Do-it-yourself plastering of walls made of gas silicate blocks allows you to save significantly. High-quality plaster will reliably protect gas silicate blocks. Getting started finishing works for the first time, carefully study the technology requirements and take the choice of finishing material seriously. Advice from experienced builders will help you avoid mistakes.

Repairs inside or outside the premises will not be complete without plastering the walls and other surfaces. At the work design stage you need to familiarize yourself with the features of plaster, which are divided into types, they differ in characteristics and price. The right type of finishing material is half the battle, because characteristics of mixtures may differ significantly from each other, and what will be for one type of room ideal option, for another may be completely unacceptable.

Some features of plaster

Plaster is a mixture that is used to treat surfaces as a rough finish. What are the functions of the material? Using plaster, you can level walls, repair cracks and other defects. Herself the structure of this solution is a coarse mixture, so after drying the surface will have rough surface. These effects can be easily eliminated in the future.

You can plaster walls of almost any type, concrete and wooden structures will be protected from harmful effects environmental factors. Used for plastering aerated concrete walls various techniques and materials. Trends in the field of construction are developing in such a way that building materials such as aerated concrete are becoming increasingly popular. It has many advantages compared to concrete and brick construction.

A building constructed from aerated concrete has increased energy-saving properties. This material is much lighter than traditional analogues, due to this fact it is possible to reduce the cost of arranging the foundation and the construction time is significantly reduced. What plaster is better to plaster walls made of aerated concrete blocks?

How to plaster aerated concrete walls?

One of the ways to finish walls made of aerated concrete is plastering. For plastering walls made of cement-sand blocks, this is the best option. As for the process of applying the finishing layer itself, if desired, you can apply it directly to the wall. The same can be done with brick walls. However, some difficulties may arise.

The brick has Not big sizes, That's why the seams between the bricks serve as a connecting element when applying plaster. In the case of aerated concrete, the situation is somewhat different, because aerated concrete itself is large in size. This problem can be solved in several ways. Let's consider the main ones, which are often used in practice.

You can plaster walls both indoors and outdoors. Both types of finishes have some features. When choosing a plaster, it is best to choose the one with the maximum adhesion coefficient. This ensures the quality of adhesion of materials.

Preparatory work

Before applying a layer of plaster, aerated concrete walls are first prepared; this is necessary in order to ensure adhesion of the materials. How is this done and what does this surface finishing stage include?

First, you need pay attention to the seams between aerated concrete, they need to be sealed well, approximately 4 – 5 mm. The wall is leveled, and all defects that may exist, dust and other microelements that reduce the quality of adhesion of materials are cleaned out. Can be used to clean the surface sandpaper, which will help polish the blocks more thoroughly.

How to properly use mesh when plastering walls?

If you decide to use the third method of surface finishing, then you need to know what is used galvanized mesh. It is more durable, reliable and does not rust. As for the size of the grid cells, you should pay attention to the one whose cells are small. After preparatory work you will need to attach the mesh directly to the wall. This must be done using ordinary nails. They are driven into the wall first by one third, after which the nail is bent and secures the mesh.

Particular attention should be paid to the edges of such a split, they usually stick out; before applying the plaster, all the edges should be folded, then they will not stick out from under the plaster.

When the mesh is fixed, it is necessary to begin applying the first layer of plaster. This is done in a way known as "spray", it is mainly used to fill the mesh cells with solution. This will be followed by several more layers of plaster. This will necessarily be a primer layer that needs to be kneaded by adding slag sand to the solution. The final layer will be the finishing layer; to prepare a solution for it, you must use fine sand.

All layers of plaster can be Apply when the previous layer has not completely dried. This will reduce time without compromising the strength and quality of the finishing layer.

The solution for plastering walls can be purchased ready-made; it is sold in a dry state. To prepare the mixture you just need to add water. But you can also cook cement-sand mortar on one's own. In this case do not skimp on the quality of the cement itself, since as a result the water-repellent ability of the plaster will suffer. When plastering walls, a lot of problems and requirements are solved, such as thermal insulation characteristics surfaces, waterproofing, sound insulation and so on.

Aerated concrete has recently been used to build houses. Lightweight material, warm and vapor permeable. But there are also several shortcomings, to remove which the base must be covered with a finish. The fastest and reliable way- this is plastering.

But since the gas block is whimsical, not all mixtures are suitable for these purposes. This means you need to carefully choose the best way to plaster walls made of aerated concrete in order to get the desired result.

The material is created from natural ingredients. When the components are mixed, a chemical reaction occurs, which results in the formation of a large number of gas bubbles. After the mass hardens, voids remain, and they are the main cause of all positive and negative qualities aerated concrete.

Thanks to this structure, the following features of the material are distinguished:

high vapor permeability - moisture that is released during human activity does not accumulate in the premises, but goes beyond the boundaries of the house;
low coefficient of thermal conductivity - walls made of aerated concrete retain heat perfectly in winter, and summer time- coolness. But when choosing a material for construction, you should pay attention to its density. The higher the indicator, the more heat will evaporate;
soundproofing properties - thanks to the same voids filled with air, aerated concrete does not transmit sounds well in any direction. Therefore, noise on the street will not disturb the residents of the house;
hygroscopicity is the biggest drawback. The material quickly absorbs moisture from the environment and takes a long time to dry completely. In the hot period of the year, moisture is not harmful to gas concrete, but when the temperature drops to negative levels, the water will freeze in the pores and destroy them;

Should not be used this material for the construction of walls in rooms with high humidity, for example, in the kitchen or bathroom.

Since aerated concrete is capable of absorbing moisture, it is simply necessary to protect it from the outside from harmful influences. The most common choice is plaster. Such finishing can both protect the building from all kinds of influences and embellish the facade, especially if a modern textured composition is chosen.

Choosing a method, how, with what mixture and what is the best way to finish?

Aerated concrete is a very demanding material, so the technology for applying plaster to aerated concrete walls has its own nuances and subtleties. It is better not to do such work yourself, but to use the services of professionals. Although anyone who has encountered this process can handle it themselves.

In order for the process to be as productive as possible and bring the result that the home owner wants to see, it is necessary to decide on:

Plaster application method.
A composition that is most suitable for aerated concrete.
Plastering technology.

Each of these points is very important and it is simply impossible to treat them irresponsibly. Otherwise, all pipes will be in vain.

Plastering the outside of the house, and then inside

As mentioned above, aerated concrete is hygroscopic and, according to all the rules, the first step should be to protect its facade, and then proceed to interior decoration. But professionals know for sure that this is not worth doing. Let's find out why.

Plaster is also used for interior work. In this case, moisture will be absorbed from the solution into the building material. When with outside The walls are already covered with plaster, then evaporation takes much longer. Because caused inner layer may become covered with small cracks or fall off completely.

In some cases, moisture can condense at the junction of the layer external plaster and walls. The consequence of this will be “shooting” of the layer - this is what professionals call flaking. So that the building can easily move winter period, the façade is covered with a water-repellent agent, which will repel precipitation from the walls.

Attention! If the house is built near the sea, river or lake, then this method will be preferable. Wind with an abundance of moisture will quickly destroy the constructed foundation, so the façade should be protected first.

Plastering inside the house and then outside

This finishing method is the most common. The first step is to plaster the walls inside the house. Then the moisture from the solution, which has been absorbed into the base, can freely come out without being trapped in the thickness of the wall.

It is important not only to start with the rooms, but also to wait for the treated surfaces to dry completely. If this is not done, there is a high probability of cracks or peeling areas.

Simultaneous

But it’s better not to use this method at all. The reasons are as follows:

moisture is absorbed both from the facade and from the interior;
there are no ways to remove moisture from aerated concrete;
V winter time water will freeze in the voids building material which will lead to slow destruction.

Someone will say that they will use plaster with high vapor permeability. This means that moisture will still come out.

And this statement will be correct, but the drying time of both layers will increase several times. Then the whole finishing process will also be delayed. In addition, here there is a high probability of a web of cracks appearing.

Types of plasters

After choosing the right method, it is worth asking the question: what is the best way to plaster walls made of aerated concrete? Not all known species plasters are suitable for these purposes. Therefore, when choosing a mixture, check out the characteristics.

If something confuses you, then seek help from a consultant in the store or go shopping with a master who will do the finishing. Pay attention to the following:

Vapor permeability coefficient. It must match the indicators of aerated concrete.
The amount of water required to prepare the mixture.
Adhesive properties.
Maximum and minimum layer thickness.
Resistance to temperatures below zero is also important for the façade.

Now let's take a closer look different types plasters.

Gypsum plaster

This option is more preferable for interior work. What does it matter if the room is different? high humidity, then it is better to choose another option. This is due to the fact that gypsum quickly and abundantly absorbs moisture from the environment.

In addition, the gypsum solution also requires a lot of moisture to seal, and this is not very good for the mixtures that will cover aerated concrete walls. But, despite this, gypsum plasters have several positive aspects:

Cement-sand plaster

Ordinary cement-sand mortar is categorically not suitable for finishing aerated concrete walls both outside and inside the house. If other bases work perfectly with concrete, then in this version it’s the other way around:

The mixture is poorly distributed because it has low adhesion rates to cellular structures.
High water content in solution. The hygroscopic aerated block quickly absorbs moisture, and this leads to a deterioration in the quality of the applied layer. In order for the cement-sand mixture to become good even layer no drawbacks, requires uniform and slow drying. In this case it is impossible.
The frozen layer has low vapor permeability. For buildings made of aerated concrete this characteristic very important.

If you really want to use cement mortar, then it is advisable to add lime to it. This action is insignificant, but will improve the quality of both the solution and the frozen layer. Some craftsmen mix cement-sand mortar with a special one for cellular surfaces and treat the base with this composition. But such an event will not make the mixture of the highest quality.

Facade mixtures

Range of mixtures for plastering different surfaces presented in options that are specially designed for aerated concrete and foam block foundations. Therefore, experts in their field recommend choosing this option. Manufacturers have selected components that, when mixed, result in a composition that fully meets the characteristics:

the same vapor permeability indicator;
excellent adhesion to the base;
resistance to external influences;
aesthetic appearance.

The cost of such compositions is a little higher, but the result is worth it. All components are already mixed in the required proportions, which means the work will progress much faster.

Application technology, is a mesh needed?

If you decide to do plastering yourself, be sure to familiarize yourself with the technology of applying mortar to aerated concrete walls. To do this, you will have to look for special literature or articles on the Internet. Even if the work is carried out by professionals, it will not be superfluous to monitor the process.

Preparing the base

To reduce the layer of applied mortar and reduce the likelihood of cracks, be sure to carefully prepare the base. These events include:

Removing stains, if any, on the surface of aerated concrete.
Removing excess mortar that may have remained in the seam area. For this they choose special grater. By the way, it is much easier to remove excess mortar during the construction stage, but many people ignore such actions.
Dust removal of the base. To remove dust, use a damp brush, rag or roller. We use the tool as if we were applying a primer.

Applying primer

This treatment is needed not only to increase adhesion, but also to protect the base from high humidity. Choose formulations with antiseptic, antifungal and hydrophobizing effects. Such soil can protect the base from fungus and mold.

This is especially important for rooms with high humidity, as well as for the facade. Apply the primer with a roller or brush in a dense layer. It is prohibited to dilute the composition with water, since such a solution no longer has all the necessary properties.

Some people wonder whether a mesh is needed when plastering aerated concrete? There is no clear answer to this question. But if we consider the advantages of its use, we highlight the following:

increasing the adhesion of the solution and the base, especially if you plan to apply a thick layer;
reducing the risk of cracks.

Advice! If the house is new and the walls are shrinking, then reinforcing mesh is a mandatory attribute.

Installation of beacons

If you plan to apply a solution with a thickness that exceeds 5–7 mm, then it is necessary. They will help make the layer more even. There will still be some disadvantages, but they will be minor. They can be easily corrected by applying a layer of putty.

Often the distance between the beacons is 60–70 cm, but it should not exceed the size of the rule that will be used to level the applied solution. The beacons are fixed with the same solution as the walls are plastered. Then the layer is very small, then you can do without beacons.

Throwing on a “fur coat”

To throw the solution, use a ladle or trowel. Fill the space between the beacons starting from the bottom of the wall. They adhere to the following plan:

Portions of the solution are placed as close to each other as possible.
After treating an area one meter high, it is necessary to level the mixture.
The rule is carried out in the direction from bottom to top, making oscillatory movements from side to side.
The tool is pressed tightly against the beacons.
If there are areas that are not filled with solution, they are filled again.
Once again you need to go through the rule.

The same plan applies to the entire surface. And wait until the layer
will dry out.

Processing the first layer

At this stage it is necessary to remove the beacons. Although some are inclined to believe that it is not necessary to remove beacons, since this will require additional time. After removing the beacon, there will be a recess that needs to be re-filled with mortar, the surface leveled and again wait until it dries completely.

If they are left, they will become cold bridges, and as a result, frosty air will penetrate into the premises. When the layer is dry, it is moistened with water using a spray bottle. Next, remove the unevenness using a grater.

Forming corners

Such measures will not only allow you to quickly create beautiful and even corners, but also protect the area from chipping. After all, in a given place the load is always high (impacts, friction when moving furniture or other heavy objects).

For this purpose, special perforated profiles with reinforcing fiberglass mesh are used. The devices are attached to the mortar and covered with putty. By the way, a layer of putty is laid not only on the corners, but also over the entire surface to be treated.

Finishing

Depending on the type decorative finishing finishing is carried out in several ways:

coloring. In this case, the finishing layer is rubbed with a special grater so that the surface is perfectly smooth. Then the paint will apply without problems, leaving no bald spots;
decorative plaster. In this case, without waiting for the solution to dry, they create interesting and original patterns on the facade, which will help distinguish the building from the overall picture. Decorative compositions also available in tinted colors;
use of tiles or other material for curtain façade. In this case, finishing treatment is not necessary at all, since the walls made of aerated concrete will be covered with decorative material.

If you have already built a house from aerated concrete, then do not do the finishing yourself. Select a team of craftsmen who will definitely do everything right. In addition, adhere to these rules:

Plaster the house, both outside and inside, only in the warm season, when at night the temperature does not drop below +5 degrees Celsius.
For the winter, cover the outside walls with a water-repellent agent, and cover the door and window openings with film if the equipment has not yet been installed.
To ensure that the plaster does not crack, use a reinforcing mesh and give the aerated concrete masonry time to settle.

Aerated concrete as a material appeared about a hundred years ago. However, on our construction market Aerated concrete was introduced into mass availability much later.

This is a lighter and easier to process material from which you can assemble load-bearing structures and build low-rise buildings.

However, aerated concrete has several features that should be taken into account during its processing. In particular, this applies to the choice of material that will be used for plastering aerated concrete walls. Below we will take a closer look at how to plaster aerated concrete and all the nuances of such work.

Features and purpose

First, let’s figure out what aerated concrete actually is. The structure of aerated concrete is very similar to standard concrete. It is poured in the same way using binder, filler and water.

However, the filling technology is slightly different due to the fact that aluminum powder or powder is also added to the mixture. When reacting with water, aluminum begins to release excess amounts carbon dioxide, which fills the entire cavity of the mold and makes the solution bubbly.

As a result, the concrete hardens, having many small cells ranging in size from 1 to 3 mm inside. When the technology for creating aerated concrete for the home was invented, everyone thought that it would defeat conventional concrete in all respects and become more popular for work, taking over the entire building materials market.

However, such thoughts were premature. Of course, if you compare what type of material better in terms of ease or ease of processing, then cellular concrete will win. It is better finished and processed, as it has a specific structure. It is also worth understanding that properly created aerated concrete will better withstand temperature drops.

It is also well characterized by its vapor-permeable structure. That is, concrete essentially forms breathable walls. Unlike usual cement mortar, which is no different in these parameters.

But aerated concrete also has its disadvantages. In particular, an indicator of strength. If we compare solely on this indicator, then standard concrete will win here.

Construction technology makes it possible to construct buildings of any height from it, while in most cases it is possible to construct buildings up to 10 meters high from aerated concrete. Of course he's 4 or 5 storey houses It will probably survive, but it’s better not to take the risk.

Aerated concrete also absorbs moisture more strongly. Moreover, when you hold it, negative processes begin inside the block. This affects what mixture composition the plaster for aerated concrete should have.

The surface of the aerated block from which the houses are assembled also has an influence. The fact is that initially it has rather weak adhesion to individual solutions. Thin layer gypsum plaster walls made of aerated concrete, if special mixtures are not selected, may collapse in a matter of months. Well, or get really cracked, which is also unacceptable.

It follows from this that mixtures for performing plastering work on aerated concrete must be special and meet several requirements at once.

1.1 Requirements for plaster

So, the plaster for aerated concrete should be slightly different from the standard one. Moreover, we immediately note that to use ordinary plaster when performing work on finishing a house made of aerated concrete, it is completely prohibited.

This is explained by the fact that standard sand solutions are too dense. They do not fit well on such surfaces and quickly crack. An even more unacceptable property is their weak vapor permeability or its absence. This leads to quite negative consequences.

If you plaster standard concrete or brick houses, then no problems arise. But at home from gas block Ytong - that's a completely different conversation.

Here, plaster with a vapor-permeable base will definitely win the popularity race. Otherwise, the steam that escapes from the house will be blocked by a layer of finishing on the outside, and will get stuck inside the walls. The dew point in your home will move toward their center, causing moisture to accumulate.

Nothing bad will happen in one year. It won't happen in a couple of years. But 5 years of such operation can already lead to the beginning of the destruction process load-bearing structures Houses.

Now let’s note the specific requirements that plaster on aerated block must satisfy. She must be:

Vapor permeable.
Moderately dense.
Protect the wall from external influences.
Moisture resistant.
Improve the thermal insulation of walls.
It fits well on aerated concrete.
Be easy to process.

As you can see, there is nothing extraordinary in such a list, but it is better not to ignore any of these indicators.

2 Types and differences

Now let's turn to the main types of plasters for aerated concrete blocks. If you are going to make the right choice, then you will have to figure out which mixtures are best suited for which jobs. Fortunately, in most cases there are no serious differences.

According to the type of application, there are plaster:

external;
internal.

External plaster, as you yourself understand, is intended for finishing facades. Outside the house, it must perform protective functions, so the mixture is characterized by higher strength, water resistance and improved thermal insulation. The cost of compositions for finishing aerated concrete blocks on the outside will also be higher.

Internal samples are intended for indoor work. They no longer need water-repellent properties, unless we are talking about mixtures that are intended for finishing the bathroom.

This naturally reduces their cost. However, if you compare plasters according to the main parameters, then, of course, the first option will win.

2.1 Popular plaster compositions

According to the type of composition they are divided into:

lime-cement;
acrylic;
silicate;
silicone.

In the first option, the main element is lime. It replaces sand mortar, making the final composition of the mixture quite durable, but at the same time with the possibility of vapor permeability.

Acrylic plaster will win if you need to choose a composition for decorative finishing. It is the most durable and reliable, capable of forming an extremely tenacious finished surface.

The problem with acrylic is its low vapor permeability. Outside the house, such mixtures can only be used after thorough work on insulating the walls from the inside of the building. Inside, plaster is not so dangerous, but it will prevent the passage of vapors through the walls, and therefore the self-regulation of the microclimate in the room.

Silicate compounds are much better than the first two. If you use them correctly, you will not have any problems in your work. They are vapor permeable, have high density and are easy to process. The problem with silicates is quite small choice of color prices and dust settling on the plaster layer, what not in the best possible way affects its appearance.

As for silicone samples, they are the undisputed leaders when it comes to the specific qualities of plaster mixtures. They have all the advantages of silicate compounds, but at the same time they are very durable and look great. The only negative, as you probably guessed, is the high price.

The choice of plaster must be approached with great responsibility. It is the choice that influences the final results you get. Remember that there is always a trade-off between cost and performance. But at the same time, it is better not to go too far and buy the cheapest option.

If you are going to finish the walls inside the house, then in extreme cases ordinary lime-cement compositions will do. Of course, in terms of their characteristics they will be inferior to everyone else, but interior decoration and does not require anything extraordinary from the plaster mixture. And you will be able to save a decent amount.

Acrylic plasters are best used only for decorative finishing inside or outside the house. Moreover, if you are going to use it outside, then you already need to take care of high-quality vapor barrier inside the house, as well as arranging properly functioning ventilation.

Silicate compounds are perfect for any type of work, but after plastering, they must be finished with another layer of putty in order to level out the problem with colors and dust release.

With silicone substances everything is even simpler. It is difficult to name a method of their use that would be considered unacceptable. In any situation, such mixtures will perfectly fulfill their purpose. The only barrier is the price. It's up to you to decide.

As for specific manufacturers, the most popular at the moment are Profit, Ceresit Atlas, etc. Their products are especially well known on the market:

Ceresit CT 24;
ATLAS KB-TYNK;
Profit Contact MN;
Ш-36 Decor.

2.3 Technology for finishing aerated block walls

As an acceptable and simplest technology for plastering walls, we choose to work using beacons.

Our grandfathers also used lighthouses, although they adapted them for these purposes wooden planks, not small ones aluminum profiles. However, this technology has proven itself with the best side, and for a reason.

Before starting work, it is necessary to prime the aerated block walls. For this purpose, special primers are used, which are capable of slightly reducing the water absorption of the material and improving its thermal insulation properties and adhesion.

Then you can apply beacons. Beacons are mounted on small bubbles of solution. They are laid in increments of 1-1.5 meters. Each lighthouse is set to its own level, and the next lighthouse.