In order to finally decide on what to cover the wooden floor, you need to understand what it is for and what properties certain materials used in this type of work have.
Wood floors have been used in residential construction since time immemorial.
And even in our time of rapid development of building and finishing technologies, when new materials appear almost every day, wooden floors continue to be highly popular and widespread.
This is easily explained - a wooden floor in country house or in a city apartment has not only an attractive appearance, but also the following properties:
- Strength, reliability and durability;
- High thermal insulation characteristics;
- Anti-allergenic, natural breathability and electrical anti-static;
- Relatively low cost;
- High maintainability. In case of damage individual elements the wooden floor can be easily replaced.
However, as you know, any medal has two sides. The construction of a wooden floor in a house, on a balcony, or, for example, in a bath, is fraught with certain disadvantages.
The fact is that no matter how high-quality the tree is, it has low noise-absorbing properties, high hygroscopicity, is subject to decay, abrasion and damage as a result of mechanical and shock loads, as well as deformation, under the influence of moisture or temperature extremes.
That is why it is best to cover wooden floors in a house, sauna, bathroom, veranda, balcony or garage with varnish or a layer of some other protective material.
This will allow not only to increase the service life of the wooden floor covering, but also to significantly increase its consumer characteristics and properties.
But the choice of coating material must be approached as carefully and carefully as possible, since not all types of wooden floors and coating materials are successfully combined with each other.
Types of paints and varnishes for flooring
As a rule, when choosing how to cover a wooden floor in a city apartment or in a country house, the consumer considers two options: paint and varnish.
In fact, today's market offers a much wider variety of materials than just varnishing the floor in a private house (on a veranda, balcony, bathroom, garage, etc.).
There are the most different types coatings that take into account the specifics of the room and the operating conditions of the floor.
You can easily choose a coating, for example, for a bathroom or for a floor in a bath, you can choose a composition that is optimal for a floor on open veranda or, for example, in the garage.
Let's consider the different types of coatings in more detail.
Floor paint
Today there are several types of paints for wooden floors. They are usually divided into two such large groups as organic-based paints and water-dispersion mixtures.
In addition, the composition of the paint can include anti-fading agents, which increase the fire resistance of wooden floors, and biocides, which effectively prevent the occurrence of decay processes, the appearance of mold, fungus and pathogenic bacteria.
Organic paints (such as acrylic or polyurethane) are easy to apply and can last long enough long time When applied correctly, they do not mask the natural structure of the tree.
A acrylic paints are famous for their moisture resistance and durability.
However, it must be understood that the floors living rooms in an apartment or a country house, as well as a floor covering mounted on an open veranda or on a balcony, they are subjected to much less intense loads than, for example, in the corridor, in the kitchen, in a public institution, in a technical facility or in a garage.
And the paint for the floor in the corridor in the bathroom, in the shower or in the bath must also successfully withstand the increased concentration of moisture.
In addition, even if you properly cover the floor in an apartment or in the country with a layer of paint, then you need to be prepared for the fact that this new layer will quickly and unevenly wear out, crack or peel off, no matter how high-quality the coating is.
Floor varnishes
Coating a wooden or parquet floor with varnish is one of the most popular types of protection and flooring, both in a city apartment and in the country.
Being a solution of natural resins or synthetic polymers, in combination with various types of solvents, floor varnish is able to effectively protect the wooden floor from decay, mold and mildew, as well as give it a spectacular appearance.
There are several types of varnish, depending on the composition and type of solvent:
- oil;
- turpentine;
- alcohol;
- aquatic;
- polyurethane;
- organic.
However, varnishing a wooden floor is possible only in those rooms in which there is no excess moisture.
Therefore, varnishing is not used to protect wooden floors in bathrooms, saunas and other areas with high humidity.
Lacquer is practically inapplicable on an open veranda, loggia or balcony.
At the same time, most varnish compositions have such disadvantages as fragility of the structure and relatively low resistance to mechanical and shock loads.
Therefore, varnishing the floor in a garage, shed or any outbuilding is impractical.
Oil-based floor protection
The technology of covering wooden floors with oil-containing compounds has been known for more than one hundred years.
How uniquely beautiful, durable and chic an oil floor can be can still be seen in the Louvre, in the Hermitage, in many medieval castles, palaces and museums.
The oil penetrates deeply into the structure of the tree, provides high protection of the floor covering, its strength, durability and aesthetics.
In addition, the floor oil has high moisture-repellent properties, which allows it to be used on the floor in the bathroom, in the bathhouse, on the open veranda and in general in the country.
However, covering a wooden floor with compositions based on different types oils - linseed, sunflower, soy and so on - is relevant not only in a country house, but also in urban housing, for example, on a balcony, on a loggia or in a living room.
But in outbuildings or, for example, in a garage or veranda, it is not rational to use oil compositions simply from a financial point of view, given how laborious the process is to care for such floor protection.
But there are floor coverings made on oil based, a number of fairly significant shortcomings. Firstly, they very poorly perceive heating and temperature changes.
Therefore, for wooden floors in a house, in a country house, in a city apartment or, for example, on a balcony, under which it is planned to install any heating system, oil coating best not to use.
In these cases, it is best to varnish the floor surface.
In addition, oil floor maintenance is a laborious and expensive process.
Therefore, to cover the floor in the garage, on the open veranda, and in general in the country with oil-containing compounds, is, frankly, a controversial decision.
Better to use paint or the same varnish.
But for the floor in the bathroom, in the bathhouse, in other rooms characterized by a high percentage of moisture, such a coating is perfect.
Floor protection wax
Where the coating of a wooden floor with paint or varnish does not allow achieving the desired effect and does not provide adequate protection, wax-based compositions are used.
Usually they will include in their composition, in addition to the beeswax itself, also linseed oil, as well as a variety of polymer and composite additives.
Waxed floors are highly water-repellent.
Due to this, such coatings are often used in the country or to protect the floor in the bathhouse, or in the sauna and in city apartments - for example, for the floor on the balcony or in the bathroom.
Floor finishing is one of the last stages repair in an apartment or private house. It can be carried out using a variety of materials, each with advantages and disadvantages.
Depending on the purpose of the room, there are certain material requirements:
- Hallway. An area with high foot traffic where a large amount of dust and dirt accumulates. The flooring should be as strong and non-marking as possible.
- Bathroom. In this room, the flooring is constantly in contact with water, so the material must be moisture resistant and easy to clean.
- Kitchen. It also needs a material that is not exposed to moisture and does not absorb grease.
- Balcony. The conditions in such a room are close to outdoor conditions, so the products must be resistant to low temperatures and humidity.
- Living room. This is a room with a high foot traffic, therefore the main characteristic of the material is mechanical strength.
- Bedroom. In this case, the floor covering must be environmentally friendly.
- Children's. The material should combine the characteristics of the products for the two previous rooms.
This material is used for styling floor coverings in rooms of any purpose. Linoleum was especially popular at the time Soviet Union, now it is not so widespread, but still holds certain positions.
Linoleum - affordability and ease of care Advantages:
- Wide range of. The floor material is manufactured in different colors and may have patterns and ornaments on the front. Modern roll materials imitate the surface of stone, wood, parquet and so on.
- Moisture resistance.
- Mechanical strength.
- High rates of sound and heat insulation.
- Easy installation and maintenance.
Of the shortcomings, it should be noted that the plasticity is too high; dents remain on the linoleum after furniture and other heavy objects. Some models emit harmful substances, this can be determined by a strong chemical odor.
One more classic version floor finishes. Most often, the material is used for arranging flooring in kitchens and bathrooms.
Ceramic tiles - environmental friendliness and durability The positive aspects of tiles include:
- Resistant to chemicals, water, UV and abrasion.
- A wide range of shades and sizes of products. Also, materials are produced that imitate the color and texture of natural wood, stone and others.
- Easy to care for.
- Health safety.
The tile is considered practically ideal option for floors in the house, but the material is cold, which makes it unpleasant to walk on it barefoot. Some species become slippery when wet, and the tiles are quite fragile and easily shatter when struck or dropped by an object.
Wood is now experiencing a new wave of popularity. With its help, floors are laid in rooms for any purpose, including kitchens.
Plank floor - nobility and a sense of comfort Advantages:
- Noble appearance.
- Environmental friendliness.
- Feeling of comfort and coziness.
- The possibility of using in almost any interior and combining with other materials.
Among the disadvantages, exposure to water should be noted, so it is necessary to take measures to protect the coatings. Because of this, finishing the floors requires more time and money. The ability to absorb moisture makes the wood very brand, spilled juice, tea or coffee will leave a mark on the surface.
Also, the wood requires regular scraping, since over time, burrs appear on the surface. In addition, high-quality natural materials are quite expensive. If not processed correctly, they can swell or dry out, leading to deformation. Do not forget about rodents and insects that prefer to settle in such an environment.
Cork floor - natural and warm Such floor materials allow you to create a truly original coating. The products are made from the bark of the balsa tree, so they are completely natural and environmentally friendly.
- Barefoot comfort.
- The coating is non-slip and non-marking.
- The cork is well protected from moisture.
- The material is easy to clean.
- Wide range of color solutions and textures.
Among the shortcomings, one can single out a low mechanical strength and short service life. In addition, the cork needs subsequent varnishing, so such floors cannot be called budgetary.
Laminate - a wealth of choice and ease of maintenance These products were invented to replace natural wood. Some of its characteristics are significantly higher than those of wood:
- Laminate is produced in a very rich assortment. It can imitate shades of almost all types of wood, natural stone, fabric, leather and so on.
- The material is warm, in addition, under it you can lay the "warm floor" system.
- Ease of maintenance.
- Moisture resistance.
- Relatively low cost.
- Ease of installation (products are equipped with locking systems, thanks to which they are easy to lay).
Despite the fact that there are models with a waterproof coating, it is better not to use laminate for the kitchen or bathroom. You will also need to lay a layer of waterproofing. It should be noted that the laminate is quite fragile: prolonged contact with water and mechanical stress leave traces on it. In addition, during installation there is a risk of damage to the locking joints, so products must be purchased with a margin.
Porcelain stoneware - strength and practicality This stuff is very similar to ceramic tiles, but it is produced using a slightly different technology. At the same time, it resembles a natural stone. V modern world porcelain stoneware products are popular due to the following advantages:
- The strength of porcelain stoneware is estimated at 9 points out of 10.
- Surfaces can last up to 50 years.
- Does not emit harmful substances when heated and wet.
- Ease of care.
- Resistance to impact sun rays and water.
- Does not burn and does not support combustion.
- Wide range of.
The main disadvantage is the high cost, and this applies to the prices of both materials and installation work... Polished porcelain stoneware is too slippery for use in kitchens and bathrooms. In addition, it is cold and therefore needs to be heated. In some cases, it is impossible to cover the floor with such material due to the large weight.
Self-leveling floors
Self-leveling floor - aesthetics and uniqueness This type is considered relatively new, it has not yet gained popularity among users, but it has a number of undeniable advantages:
- The presence of polymer compounds in the composition provides high moisture resistance, so it is easy to wash.
- Self-leveling floors can last about 20 years.
- No seams are formed on the surface, making it look aesthetically pleasing. The same feature protects the coating from the appearance of fungus.
- Attractive appearance.
Among the shortcomings, it should be noted the high cost of the material and the need for serious preparatory processes... In addition, the coating cannot be repaired locally. That is, if in some place the floor crumbles, you will have to completely remove the coating and fill in a new one.
Concrete
Previously, concrete was used only for arranging floor coverings in utility rooms, garages, and so on. Now concrete screed very often it is the basis for other products: parquet, laminate, tiles and others. But modern ways fillings and grinding allow you to create a perfectly smooth, visually attractive (as you can see in the photo) and completely inert to the effects of water. In addition, the floors are strong and durable.
Concrete floor - strength and durability Among the disadvantages, a large weight of the material can be distinguished, so it cannot be used in wooden houses. Also, to obtain a perfectly even coverage, a specialized construction equipment and qualified operators to service it. Another drawback is the complexity of the work.
On a note! If the floor is finished with concrete, then it is subject to mechanical stress. Despite its strength, the material may crumble when dropped from a height.
Once this material was the main product for construction, but now it is considered a sign of wealth and luxury. The fact is that the stone itself is cheap, but its processing requires high-tech, and therefore very expensive, equipment and consumables.
Natural stone - presentability and practicality Of the advantages, it should be noted:
- High mechanical strength.
- Resistance to almost any impact (precipitation, sun, impact).
- Almost unlimited service life.
But have natural stone there are also disadvantages:
- Significant weight, which makes it difficult to work with, it is not suitable for all floors.
- The stone is cold, so you will have to install a "warm floor" system.
- The installation process is quite expensive.
- The material requires special care.
Another material for the arrangement of floors, which has been known to mankind since antiquity. It is also considered expensive as it is rather difficult to install. It is made from glass or natural stone.
Mosaic - elegance and originality The main advantage of the mosaic is that it turns out to finish even curved surfaces, while you can create any patterns and designs using multi-colored elements. For the convenience of laying, manufacturers pre-attach the mosaic fragments to the mesh, forming a pattern. The master only has to glue it to the floor. In terms of its performance, the mosaic resembles a tile.
Among the shortcomings, it should be noted the high price for the material itself and for the work on its installation. Also, mosaic tiles will not work. modern interiors, it looks better in classic or antique style. It should also be noted that only an artist or a person with developed taste and imagination can independently cope with the installation of the mosaic.
Polyvinyl chloride
Products from this material are made in the form of tiles with an adhesive base or lock connection. There are also cheaper varieties that need to be laid on a layer of tile adhesive. Modern coatings from polyvinyl chloride are produced in a wide colors... Previously, tiles from this material were also used for laying flooring, many remember these blue and green squares, now the products look more aesthetically pleasing.
Polyvinyl chloride tiles - a wealth of choice and resistance to moisture Of the advantages, it should be noted:
- Easy and fast styling.
- Ease of maintenance.
- High soundproofing characteristics.
- A wide range of colors, shapes and sizes.
- Long service life.
Despite the listed advantages, there are also disadvantages:
- High requirements for the preparation of the base. The rough coating must be perfectly even, otherwise all defects will eventually be reflected on the tile. It is also important to take into account that the moisture content of the base cannot be higher than 5%.
- Before covering the floor with such material, it is necessary to hold the tiles indoors for several days so that they adapt to the conditions. In addition, each manufacturer indicates the temperature and humidity conditions that must be observed during installation.
- Changes color and breaks down when exposed to sunlight.
- PVC is synthetic material, therefore, it emits harmful substances when it burns. As for fire safety, it also leaves much to be desired.
This rather popular finish floor surfaces... It is soft and warm material with long or short nap, which is laid on the prepared base and covered with a plinth. The result is a covering that resembles an ordinary carpet, but which is covered over the entire area of the room.
Carpet - comfort and soundproofing Advantages:
- Relatively low cost.
- Comfort and coziness.
- A wide range of design solutions.
- Long service life and resistance to various kinds of influences.
- High level of sound insulation.
From negative qualities can be distinguished:
- Cheap product options are not protected from the negative effects of ultraviolet radiation.
- High hygroscopicity and exposure to water.
- Build up debris and dust.
- Difficulty in leaving.
- Light-colored products are very easily soiled.
- Requirements for the preparation of the base. There must be a layer of reliable waterproofing under the carpet.
Last but not least on the list is the flooring option. It is a high quality and at the same time elite coating. Performance Indicators directly depend on the type of wood that was used in the manufacture, as well as the methods of production and processing.
Parquet - durability and warmth If speak about positive aspects parquet, it should be noted:
- Attractive appearance. Like other natural wood products, parquet boards look noble.
- Long service life. On condition correct styling and regular sanding the coating can last about 30-40 years.
- High thermal insulation qualities. In warm regions, it is not necessary to lay insulation under the parquet.
Minuses:
- Susceptibility to various deformations. V summer season the wood expands, narrows in winter, therefore, expansion joints must be left when laying.
- High price. Parquet significantly surpasses laminate or linoleum in this indicator.
- The need for regular repair and replacement of the protective varnish layer.
Parquet is one of best views floor coverings, but due to the high cost of material and work, it did not gain much popularity A huge number of different materials are suitable for finishing floor coverings. Craftsmen even use coins or cardboard to decorate the floors. Most of the products can be stacked on their own to save a little money on hiring specialists. But there are also those that require qualifications and the use of a professional tool.
It has long been no secret that the best wood flooring for floors is natural wood... Possessing a number of advantages such as: environmental friendliness, long term service, amazing appearance, wood floors remain the most demanded in the flooring market. Today, there are many types of wooden floors that have their own advantages and disadvantages. In this article, we will take a closer look at the most popular types of wooden flooring, and how to choose a flooring depending on the type of room, operating conditions and other factors.
Types of wooden floors
- Solid wood - solid wood is used, of different thicknesses and different breeds wood (beech, oak, larch, etc.);
- Parquet board (engineering) - consists of several layers of wood. Upper layer made of solid valuable wood, the lower layers can vary: plywood backing, pine and other types of wood. Parquet floors can be made from different types of wood, but the most durable and prestigious wood flooring remains oak parquet... Oak parquet floors are not subject to strong mechanical damage, easily withstand moisture on the surface without deformation, and allow them to retain their original appearance for a long time.
Which flooring to choose
For office space, or in those places where there is a lot of traffic of people, it is best to give preference to parquet made of oak, larch, which perfectly resist mechanical damage, such as marks from heels, chair legs, armchairs, etc.
For rooms with high humidity, it is best to choose teak parquet, which is not exposed to moisture for a years... You can also use other exotic woods where wood fibers contain oils.
Attention! Before purchasing a floor covering, you should
Installation features
One of the main stages of installing parquet floors or from solid array- the creation of certain conditions in the room. There should be sufficient humidity in the room, but not damp or dry. It is important to maintain the temperature range recommended by the manufacturer depending on the type of flooring chosen.
Parquet or solid wood flooring can be installed directly on the screed using elastic adhesive or on another flat surface.
The main characteristics of wood flooring
- Wood moisture - depends on the quality of drying (atmospheric drying or drying in chambers) and the type of production of wood flooring;
- Production technology and age of the tree.
Features of parquet floors
Before answering the question - how to choose a floor covering, you need to familiarize yourself with the advantages and disadvantages of wood flooring.
Parquet floors are multi-layer, which allows them to be more stable to various external influences(moisture, mechanical damage, temperature changes, etc.). Before choosing a parquet, you should know the thickness of the top coating, the term of the manufacturer's warranty, check the quality of the gluing of the layers.
Types of parquet flooring
- Parquet board
- Artistic parquet can be made of special inserts from natural stone, metal, cork.
When finishing various residential premises, the question often arises of how to cover the wooden floor in the house. Its complexity lies in the need to ensure not only excellent decorative properties, which must be unchanged throughout the entire period of operation, but also operational, concerning the integrity of the coating and ensuring the protection of wood from negative factors.
What are the requirements for decorative coating?
To decide on the question of how to cover the wooden floor in the house or in the country, you need to make sure that the selected composition meets the following requirements:
- coatings are able to withstand anticipated stresses, including increased wear, abrasion and scratching;
- provide optimal protection of wood from moisture, fungus, mold, pests and microorganisms;
- maintain their decorative properties in a wide temperature range and optimal level humidity;
Important! Painting a wooden floor should be done with a paint and varnish composition that will withstand all possible negative influences. Special attention the choice should be paid when finishing wooden structures operated in an unheated room, since it is in it that there is a high probability of an increase in the level of humidity and destruction of the material due to temperature fluctuations.
- provide the required level of fire safety;
- have increased adhesion to a specific type of wood: do not flake or crack;
- have an optimal ratio of ductility and strength, which will allow the protective layer not to collapse under load or as a result of temperature changes;
- meet the requirements for decorative properties: to have the desired color shade, to form a matte or glossy finish;
- the protective layer must be non-slippery in the specific conditions of its use to ensure safe movement on the floor.
What composition to paint the floors in the house?
To answer the question of how to paint a wooden floor in a house or country house, you need to decide what type of coverage you need to get:
- transparent, allowing you to preserve the natural shades of wood and the texture of the fibers, which is ideal for finishing the floor in the country;
- with color shade(opaque), which gives the wood a unique color, but retains its natural texture pattern.
Transparent compositions include varnishes and special protective impregnations, which are mainly made on a natural basis and do not pose a health hazard. They are able to impregnate the surface layers of wood or form high-strength protective films, which will make it easy to endure various mechanical damage or negative external influences.
Important! To cover the floor in wooden house, it is recommended to use only proven paints and varnishes from renowned manufacturers that guarantee them high quality and full compliance with the declared characteristics. The use of cheap analogs threatens to replace the coating earlier than expected due to a violation of its aesthetic and operational properties.
Color-tinted paints and varnishes for wood floors are solvent-based formulations (acrylic, polyurethane, oil paints) or at water based(water-dispersive, alkyd paints). They are suitable for finishing not only new wood, such as varnishes and impregnations, but also for used wood, as they are able to form contrasting and rich floor coverings.
What types of impregnations are suitable for finishing wooden floors?
If you are in doubt about how to cover a wooden floor, then the choice in favor of impregnations is the most optimal, since they improve the adhesion of the surface, protect the wood from moisture, pests, chemically active substances, as well as sharp temperature changes. In addition, after them, you can cover the wood with almost any type of paint.
The answer to the question, the better to cover the wood for its maximum protection, depends on the requirements that are imposed on it and the characteristics of the operating conditions. Professionals recommend using the following impregnations:
- oil-based, characterized by an exclusively natural composition, the ability to increase the moisture and water resistance of the material, as well as reduce the porosity of the surface layers, thereby reducing the consumption of paints;
- antiseptics protecting wooden structures from biological influences (insects, fungus, mold), increasing the service life of wood, possessing deep penetrating abilities and the ability to solve previously non-critical problems with the material;
- fire retardants that improve the fire safety of wood due to the effect of self-extinguishing or smoldering without igniting in direct contact with open fire.
What paints are suitable for finishing wooden floors?
The question of what is better to paint a wooden floor in a country house or in a house is far from obvious, since there is a fairly large number of compounds on the market for different bases which give the formulations different properties. Therefore, first of all, it is worth considering the peculiarities of the operation of floors in a particular room in order to ensure their maximum service life.
There are the following types coloring compositions for finishing wooden floors:
- Alkyd, which has excellent hiding power, elasticity and increased resistance to mechanical damage, chemical and biological negative factors... However, such paints may contain toxic or harmful substances that, when applied, may release strong odors... The coatings are characterized by a minimum curing time and unpretentious operation.
- Acrylic being optimal solution for painting floors in a country or residential house, as it is available in a wide range of colors, inexpensive and very resistant to abrasion and mechanical damage. The only drawback is that the painted timber or board is characterized by a long curing time of the coating.
- Polyurethane, capable of forming a coating that resists abrasion, stress and increased wear well. Differs in durability, optimal ratio of strength and elasticity, as well as resistance to high humidity, thanks to which they can be used to paint floors in unheated rooms.
- Oil-based, allowing the creation of inexpensive yet practical decorative finishes that are beneficial for decoration wooden decking in rooms with a low or medium level of exploitation. They have a fairly simple application technology and low consumption per unit area.
What varnishes can be applied to wooden floors?
If it is necessary to finish new wooden floors in a country house or suburban building, then it is recommended to use the following types of varnishes:
- acrylic two-component, allowing you to get the strongest transparent or color-tinted coating that has high resistance to mechanical damage, resistance to dirt, increased wear, moisture and biological negative factors;
- water-dispersive, characterized by increased wear resistance, with minimal porosity and high speed solidification;
- alkyd-urethane, with optimal decorative and operational properties, minimal cost and ease of use;
- polyurethane, capable of providing durable and high-strength protection for wood from various negative influencing factors, with increased adhesion to wood and excellent hiding power.
Important! When using varnishes for covering wooden floors, it is prohibited to add additional components to their composition, for example, solvents to increase the drying speed or dyes to improve decorative properties. This is due to the possible loss of the basic properties of the coating, which will require additional costs for its complete renewal.
If there are difficulties with the choice of how to paint the wooden floor in the country, then it is recommended to focus on the following selection criteria:
- minimum consumption per unit area;
- simple technology application;
- lack of toxic components;
- sufficient level of fire safety;
- resistance to certain negative external influences.
That is, the answer to the question of how to paint the floor in the house is individual in each case due to significant differences in the degree of abrasion of coatings, requirements for decorative properties, features of operation and other factors.
All photos from the article
The wooden house is cozy and warm. In such buildings, in most cases, a particularly favorable microclimate is established. However, it should be remembered that a building made of natural material requires special construction methods. So, the main requirements for its floors are their flat surface, as well as reliable protection from moisture and temperature extremes.
General Provisions
First of all: no matter what the floor material is, it must meet the following established norms and requirements:
- sanitary and hygienic;
- operational;
- constructive;
- decorative.
Then: when thinking about what can be used to cover the floor in a wooden house, keep in mind that its coatings are divided according to the level of heat retention into subspecies presented in the lower table.
Insulation and related design features of floors
Thinking about the better to cover the floor in a wooden house, keep in mind that it is extremely important to choose the right method of thermal insulation. Here you should take into account the design of the base floors: multi-layer (screed, logs, subfloor, topcoat), single-layer (screed or boards on logs).
It is necessary to take into account the presence basement floor or basement.
If there is no plinth, a multi-layer cake should be mounted.
- First put roll waterproofing(roofing felt and its taxes) on a concrete screed or on dense soil.
- Next, logs are placed from a wooden bar.
- Mounted between them slab insulation or it is stacked free-flowing.
- Further, the thermal insulation is covered vapor barrier film... To improve the tightness of the coating, the film sheets should be laid with an overlap of 10-15 cm. The edges of the insulation are brought onto the walls to a height of about 10 cm. Subsequently, they are fixed with a plinth.
Note! The instruction notes that a great solution will choose penoplex as insulation. It can be laid without using a vapor barrier.
In fact, it is a roll of expanded polystyrene. The material has low thermal conductivity, moisture resistance and sound insulation properties.
Basement, basement
In the photo - arrangement of a covering in a house with a basement.
If the house has a basement, the floor should be insulated from below. Foam insulation is best suited for this, it will clog all joints and crevices.
Double plank floors are required to achieve maximum effect stability.
- The base (base, subfloors) is made of rough (slab, unedged, non-planed) boards 5-5 cm thick. It retains the finished floors if the whole structure is slightly displaced. The base is laid on the floor beams and is not fixed with nails, but inserted into the grooves in them, as an option - it fits on the cranial bars stuffed on the sides of the beams. Usually wood is used for the base. conifers, the price of which is not high.
