Do-it-yourself overhaul of a balcony in a panel house: the right recommendations. How to insulate a balcony with your own hands: from a refrigerator to a warm island Insulating a loggia in a panel house

Independent connection and insulation of the loggia is a whole story with additional construction, complex technologies and a sea of ​​paperwork. And with an unpredictable result: it happens that after all the work, the insulated wall sticks out from under the glazing, the window handles are too high, and condensation drips from the ceiling. We will tell you how to make a loggia a full-fledged part of the apartment and not regret it!

Mistake 1: reconstruction and redevelopment without permission

Even if you do not want to demolish the wall between the apartment and the loggia, but only want to insulate the space outside the window, it is better to notify a representative of the BTI of your intentions - so as not to have problems later, for example, with the sale of an apartment if there are inconsistencies in technical passport housing.

InMyRoom tip: glaze the balcony using sliding double-glazed windows aluminum profile– and thus equip a summer unheated loggia. This measure will still add space (for example, for storage), and there will be significantly fewer drafts from the balcony. No permit is required for such glazing.

Error 2: moving the radiator to the loggia

If you have received permission to rebuild, then you are unlikely to plan to pull off such a trick. But in any case, know that it is not necessary to remove the pipes for the radiator and the battery itself. external wall buildings are not permitted. The heat loss on the loggia is too great; if the pipes are not insulated correctly, they can freeze, and accidents are possible; For the heat supply of recently uninhabited meters, one would have to pay an additional significant amount after individual recalculation. One way or another, the batteries are not transferred to the loggia - remember this at the design stage of the insulated balcony.

InMyRoom tip: An electric floor heating system will help you or oil radiator– it can be attached to the wall in the same way as a regular battery.

Mistake 3: installing frameless glazing

Frameless doors look great - when closed they are smooth surface, sometimes not disturbed even by edges. In addition, the doors are conveniently assembled “into an accordion” without taking up the space of the loggia. However, this solution is not suitable for an insulated balcony: single glazing and gaps between the panels cannot protect against the cold. In addition, dirt and dust quickly accumulate on them, fingerprints remain and the mosquito net does not attach.

InMyRoom tip: Take a closer look at the latest developments - for example, thermally insulated tilt-and-slide windows. But best choice for glazing a warm balcony remain PVC double glazed windows with good old swing doors. In fact, they do not take up much space - they can only be opened for ventilation, and opened twice a year to wash the glass outside.

Error 4: remote glazing on brackets

In an effort to increase the area, or more precisely, the volume of the attached loggia, apartment owners build a frame for glazing with a projection of several tens of centimeters. A wide canopy appears along the upper perimeter, on which snow constantly accumulates, and in the off-season rain loudly beats on it. The most important thing is that a glass growth appears on the facade, which spoils the appearance of the building.

InMyRoom tip: an alternative is possible only within the framework of façade uniformity. If your house has entirely open balconies (or they should, in fact, be so) - you should give up the idea of ​​joining or even just glazing. And improve the loggia with green plants.

Mistake 5: insulation in one layer

To create an insulated loggia, the parapet and walls are duplicated with masonry made of foam blocks 70–100 millimeters thick - this material has excellent thermal insulation properties and frost resistance, so some believe that there is no need to additionally insulate the walls and parapet lined with foam blocks from the inside. In fact, masonry of this thickness can freeze.

InMyRoom tip: add either extruded polystyrene foam panels or stone wool slabs to the insulation cake.

Mistake 6: neglecting vapor barrier

It is especially dangerous if you use mineral wool as insulation - without vapor barrier material it will become damp and ruin the walls and floor on the balcony, and neighbors may find condensation on the ceiling of their loggia. Inside an outdoor building room connected without a vapor barrier, condensation will certainly appear instantly.

InMyRoom tip: even if you only use polystyrene foam or other foam materials for insulation, nothing will stop you from adding a thin layer of vapor barrier film to them. For mineral wool, such an additive is an absolute must-have!

Mistake 7: Overusing sealant without protection

Seams with bubbling foam are a perfectionist's nightmare. Aesthetically unattractive, they also threaten to spoil the climate in the apartment: the fact is that the foam of polyurethane sealants does not tolerate direct sunlight and moisture. And without proper protection, it quickly collapses, opening previously sealed gaps and cracks to drafts and street noise.

InMyRoom tip: Carefully process the “foamed” seams - cut off excess sealant, sand the material with fine sandpaper and cover with putty or acrylate paint (it is better to use both options). If you don’t have putty or paint on hand, take special mounting tape - but keep in mind that paint will not adhere well to such seams.

Mistake 8: Improper floor design

Do not try to make the floor perfectly flat using a thick sand-concrete screed, which will subsequently be covered with a solid layer of tile adhesive and then ceramic cladding. It is dangerous to overload the ceiling. It’s better to insulate the floor using ultra-light materials (let’s immediately agree that in this example we are not talking about a heated floor system).

InMyRoom tip: There are many recipes for insulating a loggia floor, but they all essentially boil down to using soft insulation directly on top concrete slabs(you can take penoplex or mineral wool). Then it is recommended to put a second layer of insulation - and be sure to apply waterproofing (lay hydroglass insulation with an overlap of more than 15 centimeters). You can make a thin screed on top - and many craftsmen simply lay plywood if there is no significant slope on the balcony: the plywood is thin, light, smooth, and on top of it, in a warm and moisture-protected loggia, you can lay both carpet and laminate. Error 10: inattention to the little things

This error occurs normally in absolutely everyone. But the most common punctures can be eliminated in the bud:

• when glazing, plan and discuss the height of the handles, as well as the material, thickness and method of installation of the window sill board (if you decide to add a window sill to the frames);
• figure out whether a mosquito net is needed and how it will be attached;
• the gaps between the parapet and the floor slab that do not reach the ceiling or the glazing plane of the wall will need to be filled and completed. Determine what materials and tools will be needed - and carry out the work before insulation begins.

InMyRoom tip: If the insulation pie on the walls turns out to be quite thick, take care of additional profile extenders so that the wall does not protrude far from under the glazing.

Residents panel houses V winter time years may face the problem of cold in apartments. Despite the hot radiators, the room is not warm and comfortable enough. This is especially true for rooms with loggias. This is due to the fact that a fairly large amount of heat can escape through the loggia.

Thermal insulation of a ventilated room will help solve the problem. Insulating a loggia in a panel house is not difficult if you have minimal construction skills.

What can be done?

There are several ways to eliminate heat loss through a loggia. First of all, it is necessary to make glazing. After this, experts recommend performing thermal insulation, because reinforced concrete slabs, from which panel buildings are built, have high thermal conductivity, which leads to inevitable heat loss.

To give the loggia an aesthetic appearance after insulation, interior finishing will be required. In principle, these steps will be enough to achieve the goal, but some owners additionally spend on the loggia and heating.

Glazing

Currently the most common window designs three types:

• metal-plastic;
• wooden;
• aluminum.

The metal-plastic profile compares favorably with the price of the other two, has a long service life and high tightness. A significant disadvantage of such a frame is its low environmental friendliness compared to wooden structures.

Modern wooden frames can be made in any variety and successfully protect against external factors, incl. and from the cold. However, high-quality products have a fairly high price.

Thermal insulation

The most important stage of insulating a loggia is the installation of heat-insulating material. The process itself is divided into several stages. But before you start work, you need to select the insulation itself.

Selection of thermal insulation material

Today's building materials market provides huge selection insulation materials, in particular:

• penofol;
• polyurethane foam;
• Styrofoam;
• penoplex;
• extruded polystyrene foam.

When choosing insulation, you should take into account several features of the loggia. Firstly, there is no need to resist moisture, because... The loggia is a fairly dry room. Secondly, the work will be carried out from the inside, therefore the thickness of the material should not be very large, so as not to take away precious centimeters internal space.

In this regard, thermal insulation is most often performed using foam plastic or penoplex.

Lathing

To create the frame, well-dried wooden blocks 40 cm thick (50 cm in cold regions) are used. The frame elements are fixed to the ceiling, walls, under the window at intervals of 50 cm. The bars are secured with ordinary screws and plastic dowels.

A block adjusted to size is applied to the installation site, after which holes for screws are made in it every 40 cm. Next, dowels are inserted into the holes, after which the block is secured with screws.

Please note that the frame elements are installed not only in planes, but also in all corners in which any load is subsequently expected. For example, under a window it is necessary not only to install bars vertically, but also one horizontally.

Installation of insulation

Since the distance between the sheathing bars is 50 cm, a sheet of foam plastic measuring 50x100 cm is laid without adjustment.

If the slab measures 100x100 cm, use sharp knife you need to cut it in half.

The material is fixed using assembly adhesive, which can be conveniently applied with a special notched trowel.

Small cracks are sealed using polyurethane foam, the excess of which is removed after hardening. Large grooves are filled with foam scraps.

Interior decoration

To cover the loggia from the inside, you can use wall MDF panels. The products are attached to a previously made crate. Foam plastic provides stability and rigidity to the structure, preventing damage to the panels. The panels are secured with self-tapping screws.

For the ceiling, it is better to use lightweight polyvinyl chloride panels, which can also be secured with self-tapping screws or a construction stapler. A starting profile or ceiling foam plinth is installed in the corners.

Plywood sheets are laid on the floor and secured with self-tapping screws. It is better to treat the plywood coating with drying oil twice. You can also lay linoleum or laminate. Lastly, fix the baseboard.

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How to properly insulate a loggia in a panel house

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Insulating the loggia allows you to significantly expand the scope of its application. You can make a separate room from a place for storing old things and drying clothes or expand the area of ​​the adjacent room. Insulating a loggia can be done with different materials; let’s look at the most common ones.

Insulation with penofol

This modern material is perfect for thermal insulation of a loggia in a panel house. Penofol has a very important advantage compared to other thermal insulation materials - small thickness. The insulation does not reduce the area of ​​the loggia and allows you to save maximum usable space.

Reflective foil is the main element of penofol; it prevents heat loss from the room and also reflects it back, creating the effect of a thermos.

This heat insulator has many advantages:

• easy installation;
• low thermal conductivity in the range of 0.037-0.042 W/mK;
• reflections from 90% of heat;
• high elasticity;
• excellent noise insulation characteristics;
• moisture resistance;
• durability.

The disadvantage of the material is the increased cost.

Insulation using penofol is carried out in the following sequence:

1. It doesn’t matter what kind of thermal insulation material is used, first of all you need to install double-glazed windows, without which the insulation will be useless.
2. Before carrying out thermal insulation, it is necessary to clean the insulated surfaces - walls, ceiling and floor. All holes and cracks are sealed with polyurethane foam or cement mortar.
3. You can attach penofol to the wall and ceiling using self-tapping screws, liquid nails and other suitable means. Most best option fastening penofol with a construction stapler to the sheathing. Staples leave the least amount of damage on the surface of the insulation. When installing penofol, the foil side should be directed into the room, because the main feature of this insulation is heat reflection.
4. Penofol, unlike membrane films for hydro- and vapor barriers, is not installed with an overlap. The material is joined, the gap is filled with polyurethane foam and sealed with metallized tape.
5. Thermal insulation of the ceiling is done in the same way; penofol must be fixed with a bend to the walls in order to close the cracks as much as possible and avoid cold bridges.
6. Guides made of wood or metal are placed on the penofol for attaching the finishing cladding: PVC panels, MDF, Kronospan or plasterboard, which will need to be plastered or wallpapered.
7. It is advisable to insulate the floor in combination with other thermal insulation materials - mineral wool or polystyrene foam, which are covered with penofol and covered with boards, plywood or chipboard.
8. Loggia heating is often done using underfloor heating systems. Electrical mats are laid on penofol.

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Insulation of the loggia with polystyrene foam

Polystyrene foam is affordable and versatile; it can be safely chosen for insulating a loggia in a panel house.

• polystyrene foam is durable and moisture resistant;
• resistant to aggressive and chemical environments;
• easy to process, saw, cut, grind;
• ease of fastening and installation;
• light weight;
• polystyrene foam does not lose its insulating properties at critical temperatures and when wet;
• the possibility of finishing foam plastic with plaster compositions or facing materials.

Polystyrene foam has few disadvantages; for example, it has low sound insulation properties. Also, when ignited, foam releases toxic fumes.

Installation of polystyrene foam can be done in two ways. You can quickly and easily insulate a loggia using the wet method of installing polystyrene foam, for this you need:

• Clean the walls and ceiling;
• Prepare glue.
• Measure areas and cut slabs of material;
• Apply glue around the perimeter of the slab and pointwise in the middle.

Attach the foam to the wall, check the levelness of the installation with a building level. The plates are mounted on the wall in the form brickwork, with mixing, as close to each other as possible.

Additionally, secure the foam sheet to special dowels “fungi” or “umbrellas”. If joints have formed in some places, they are filled with foam.

Foam plastic can be plastered by first filling all the cracks and securing the construction mesh. After hardening, the surface is completely leveled with a second layer of plaster. The surface is painted, covered with decorative plaster or covered with wallpaper.

Installation of foam plastic on the frame The second option for attaching foam plastic is carried out on a pre-installed installed frame from wooden beams or metal profiles. This method is similar to insulation technology using mineral wool slabs and will be discussed in detail further.

Polystyrene foam is an excellent thermal insulation material that can be used either separately or in combination with other insulation materials. For example, you can effectively and inexpensively insulate a loggia in a panel house using the following scheme:

• the floor is insulated with mineral wool;
• polok - penofol;
• walls - foam plastic with a thickness of at least 75 mm.

Also, sheets of foam plastic can be additionally covered with penofol, enhancing the thermal insulation effect, although the cost of such insulation will increase.

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Mineral wool for insulating a loggia

Here is a list of the undeniable advantages of mineral wool, not counting the low cost:

• significant thermal conductivity indicator - 0.035-0.046 W/mK;
• combustion resistance;
• good sound-absorbing properties;
• the ability to pass vapors, the so-called “breathable” material;
• no corrosion processes, resistance to mold and mildew.

The disadvantage of mineral wool is the loss of performance characteristics when the material gets wet or wrinkles. The correct technology for installing mineral wool will avoid these problems.

Installation of mineral wool includes the following steps:

1. Markings are applied to the walls taking into account the size of the mineral wool slabs and the size of the profiles. If wooden blocks are used for the frame, they must be impregnated with an antiseptic.
2. On small surfaces, vertical slats are sufficient; large areas horizontal profiles are installed. The pitch of the profiles should correspond to the size of the mineral wool slabs - it should fit into the frame quite tightly, but not too tightly.
3. Insulation is placed in the frame; it can be additionally glued with special glue.
4. The insulation is covered with a vapor barrier on top, the sheets of material are laid overlapping and taped.
5. For finishing can be used various materials– panels, lining, drywall, etc.

Video: insulating a loggia using polystyrene foam

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The main rules for insulating a loggia

Absolute majority modern apartments V panel houses have a layout that includes a loggia. Unfortunately, many people use this place only for drying clothes and storing old unnecessary things. But it is precisely thanks to the loggia that you can, on your own, significantly expand the space of your home by creating an additional room or expanding an adjacent one.

In order to make it comfortable and cozy to be in the loggia all year round, it must be insulated. Not everyone knows how to do this on their own and what stages the work should be divided into. Let's take a closer look at the question proper insulation do-it-yourself loggias in a panel house.

Where to begin? Stages of work

The entire process of do-it-yourself insulation should be divided into several main stages. Such as:

• preparatory work;
• balcony glazing;
• choice suitable material for insulation;
• headliner;
• covering floors and walls.

It should be noted that before starting work on insulation or redevelopment of your own loggia, it is imperative to agree on all the necessary documentation with the relevant service.

Preparatory work

Preparatory work is, so to speak, cleaning and cleaning the loggia. That is, it is necessary:

• remove everything in the loggia old finishing, and also dismantle all old window frames. Also, if there is any wood covering on the floor, it must also be removed;
• clean the walls, ceiling, and floor from dust. If possible, you can use construction vacuum cleaner;
• restore all cracks, chips, and places of destruction formed during operation, using cement mortar.

It should be noted that before carrying out any work on insulating a balcony with your own hands, you must get rid of all structural defects, especially those in which reinforcing bars are visible.

If this is not done, then in the future under the layer just the required insulation Corrosion will develop, which will lead to the destruction of the base of your loggia.

The final stage of preparation is the treatment of all surfaces of the loggia, which will subsequently be insulated, with a specialized antiseptic substance.

It is this that will prevent the formation and development of fungus and mold under the insulation layer.

Installation of loggia windows

The selection of balcony glazing should be approached with all responsibility, because the degree of thermal insulation of your loggia will depend on the selected windows. Currently, the most optimal, attractive and economical option glazing are windows with two-chamber glazing, made of metal-plastic and having a five-six-chamber profile.

Yes, of course, single-chamber glazing can be used. But then it is important that each of the glasses has a specialized energy-saving coating.

The second glazing option is to install aluminum windows. main feature consists in the presence of a thermal break, which allows you to retain and retain heat in the loggia in cold season of the year.

The third most environmentally friendly, but also the most expensive option is to install wooden window frames.

Their main feature is that this type of window perfectly combines the characteristics of the two types listed above.

How to choose the right material for insulation?

The next, and also one of the most important stages, is the selection of material suitable for insulating the loggia with your own hands. It should be said right away that modern market There is simply a colossal variety of materials intended for insulation. The laying technology of each variety is similar due to the similarity of the structure of the material and its shape.

On the modern market, the most common materials for insulation are:

• Styrofoam;
• mineral wool;
• penoplex.

When choosing, you should pay attention to such characteristics as thermal conductivity, ease of installation and installation, cost, and long service life.

Of the three materials listed above, the leader in most characteristics is penoplex. Its only drawback is its increased cost.

If your financial situation is too limited, then you can easily choose another material, for example, polystyrene foam.

Performing ceiling insulation

All work on insulating a loggia in a panel house must begin with insulating the ceiling. Do not forget that covering the ceiling surface is a more labor-intensive task than it initially seems. Let's consider how to properly insulate the ceiling of a loggia.

First of all, foil insulating material should be glued to the ceiling that has been previously cleaned and treated with an antiseptic substance. After this, you need to build a frame for your future ceiling. It is best to carry out this type of construction either from wooden slats, or from a metal profile. Next they lay electrical cables to enable further installation lighting fixtures. The final stage is installation finishing material.

It is worth noting that, if desired, you can not use any of the above adhesives at all, but use ordinary self-tapping screws to secure the insulation.

The most extensive stage of the work is finishing the walls. It all starts with the installation of a wooden frame. Also, if necessary, you will have to place supports under the frame.

Upon completion of the installation of the wooden frame, slabs or sheets of the previously selected insulating material must be glued between its beams. Finally, a vapor barrier film should be attached to the frame, which can protect the insulation material from excessive moisture.

Let's move on to insulating the floor. The whole complex of work begins with laying waterproofing material, since the balcony was previously glazed, this task will not be completed without special labor An ordinary polyethylene film can handle it.

The next step is to install wooden logs, which need to be leveled horizontally using a level. After installation, you should start laying insulation materials. Do not forget that the installation should be done tightly so that no gaps are formed.

The final stage of insulating a balcony in a panel house is laying a vapor barrier film and installing the flooring.

The process of insulating a loggia in a panel house is not too complicated, but it includes many processes, each of which is important in its own way. But rest assured that by following all the above tips and rules, you can easily cope with the insulation of your balcony.

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How to insulate a loggia in a panel house - which method is better

To insulate a loggia in a panel house, you must first determine which insulation to use, which finishing option to choose and how to carry out the installation correctly. Let's look at a few of the most common options.

Penofol insulation has become popular today

Penofol allows us not to reduce the area of ​​the loggia due to the small thickness of the material - an advantage that other thermal insulators for loggias cannot boast of, the small area of ​​which, as a rule, forces us to save every centimeter of usable space.

There are many experts who claim that the modern material penofol is ideally suited for insulating a loggia in a panel house.

Its distinctive feature is its small thickness. This is an undeniable advantage, as it makes it possible to save maximum usable space in the room. The thermal insulation properties of penofol are ensured by a two-layer structure. One of the layers, aluminum foil, reflects 97% of the heat. There are also variations of penofol that have a foil coating on both sides. This allows you to create the so-called “thermos” effect and ensure maximum heat retention.

Insulation of the loggia is best done in conjunction with the replacement of double-glazed windows.

To determine how to properly insulate a loggia using this material, you should study the detailed technology:

Foam plastic: a large selection of cladding options

Even a non-professional can work with polystyrene foam, so this inexpensive material so popular among our population. The only thing we must remember is that its fumes are extremely harmful in the event of a fire - phosgene released at this moment is a deadly gas.

How to insulate a balcony from the inside with your own hands in a panel house? It is often cool in apartments located in panel houses due to quite thin walls and poor thermal insulation. If you have a loggia, insulating the balcony can be a good solution to this problem; in addition, this allows you to expand the usable area. There are currently a large number of materials on sale with which you can perform this operation yourself.

Why is it cold in a panel house?

Its cellular structure retains heat well and does not allow sound to pass through, since the partitions between the cells dampen heat transfer and sound vibrations.

Available in a variety of options, varying in thickness - from 20 to 200 mm and density - from 15 to 50 kg/cub.m. The density of the foam should be selected based on need. If it is covered on top with additional plywood or other strong material, then you can take a lower density, since the higher the density of the foam, the worse it retains heat.

Polystyrene with high density stronger and easier to install and secure. It will help smooth out the unevenness of the walls, and not just insulate them. But the best option for leveling is extruded polystyrene foam.

Extruded polystyrene foam

Extruded or extruded polystyrene foam and polystyrene foam, although they consist of the same substance, differ in the technology for creating granules. At elevated temperature The granules are mixed and squeezed out of the extruder, due to this a uniform, closed-porous structure is formed, which has a high density.

This material can even be used when covering the floor, as it does not deform under strong pressure, levels and supports the surface.

In terms of thermal insulation and lightness, extruded polystyrene foam is better than conventional foam. Also one of its advantages is low flammability.

The sheets have a thickness of 20 mm and usually have a special groove for joining, which makes it possible to achieve a uniform coating without cracks and facilitates installation. Additionally, they need to be secured with polyurethane foam or “liquid nails.” Easily cut with a regular construction knife.

The only drawback of this material is its high price, but usually the floor area of ​​the loggia is quite small, so in this case better to spend it.

Polyethylene foam

Foamed polyethylene is an elastic elastic fabric, available in rolls, sheets and strands. Thickness from 2 to 20 mm. Thin polyethylene foam is usually used as a backing for laminate flooring, and the densest one is used as insulation, alone or in combination with other materials.

The most efficient polyethylene foam is covered with foil, which allows heat to be thrown in the right direction - towards the room. It is important to follow the rules for laying the heat reflector - with the foil side facing the room.

Polyethylene foam sheets are mainly used for the production of rugs of various thicknesses, for example, for tourism or children's games; it is not very convenient for insulating floors and walls.

Preparing the premises for insulation work

Before choosing insulation, you need to decide on the thermal insulation technology, but first of all you need to prepare the balcony for repair, since the preparation is the same in any case, no matter what method you choose.

Do not ignore preliminary procedures and do not skimp on them so that the insulation is of high quality and does not have to be redone in a few years. Proper preparation is necessary to prevent moisture from getting under the insulation, which will cause it to begin to deteriorate, lose the qualities for which you chose it, and become ineffective.

The algorithm for preparing surfaces for insulation is as follows:

• First, thoroughly clean the walls, ceiling and floor of old paint, various concrete irregularities, bumps, etc. Crushed, breaking concrete must be eliminated to a smooth surface.
• Then the floor is carefully cleaned until it is absolutely clean. Large debris can be collected by hand, but dust must be sucked up with a vacuum cleaner to detect various cracks in walls and slabs.

Now you can start sealing holes, crevices and holes

• Cracks visible to the eye are expanded, cleaned, if necessary, moistened with water and filled with cement mortar or sealant.

• The gaps between the plates also need to be enlarged, moistened with water and filled with foam.

• In addition to the damage listed above, cracks, dents, and small potholes may form in the concrete. They will not interfere with fixing the base evenly, but when the temperature changes, condensation may accumulate in them. Therefore, they need to be aligned, this can be done using cement mortar with the addition of PVA glue.

After all the covered defects have dried, you need to cut off the excess foam and remove the remaining sealant. Afterwards, it is necessary to prime all surfaces to protect against mold and strengthen the surface.

Surface waterproofing

At the next stage, you need to protect the floor and lower part of the walls from water. The walls must be waterproofed to the height of the final floor installation.

There are several main methods of waterproofing:

• Floor covering roll materials, impermeable to moisture, for example roofing felt, which is glued “hot” onto bitumen mastic. Currently, there are roofing felt with a prepared glued mastic layer, which is heated with a burner.

• Penetrating waterproofing is a special composition for impregnating concrete. If you are going to lay tiles on the floor, then this method is not suitable. The effect of such protection against moisture is based on the fact that it penetrates the cellular structure of concrete and forms crystals that fill the pores of the material from the inside. The crystals become part of the concrete, compacting its structure and preventing water penetration. Since the composition is very toxic, it must be applied with extreme caution, protecting open areas skin, otherwise you may get burned.
• For tiles, it is recommended to use liquid rubber - a two-component mastic that is cold applied and quickly hardens. It is applied with a roller or wide brush. As liquid rubber hardens, it forms a kind of thin, moisture-proof film on the floor and walls.
• Waterproof plaster mixture, which is applied with a wide brush, or, if necessary, with a spatula of a suitable size.
• Inexpensive way- thickly grated Oil paint, which is easy to apply and hides minor flaws, but is quickly absorbed by concrete, which increases its consumption
• A time-tested method is to cover the floor with thick plastic film, making sure that it completely covers the height of the future floor and fits correctly in the corners. The film should form something like a bowl that will protect the insulation. Secure it with construction tape or liquid nails.

You can choose any method based on your preferences and budget. All of them perform their main function - they do not allow water to penetrate into the room, and therefore reduce the likelihood of black mold, which is very difficult to combat.

Glazing

Currently, the most common window designs are three models:

• metal-plastic - the most common, characterized by a long service life and high tightness, and are relatively inexpensive. Among the disadvantages, we can note that they are not environmentally friendly, compared to wooden structures.

• wooden - modern, sealed, well protected from the cold and can be made in any configuration, but quite expensive
• , if you are going to use the balcony as a living area, since they are not airtight and do not protect well from the cold

Ceiling insulation

Foil backing for sheathing

It is mounted on construction tape with two adhesive sides or on universal Moment adhesive, which is evenly distributed over the ceiling in small dots and the insulation is pressed against it. It is best to use sheets for this purpose that need to be bent onto the walls by approximately 150-200 mm for additional waterproofing of the joints. Check that the insulation is securely fastened, as the sheathing will be installed on it.

The sheathing can be made either from a galvanized metal profile for drywall, or from a wooden beam - both are suitable for laying mineral wool or polystyrene foam.

The distance between the fastenings of the sheathing elements depends on the width of the insulation; it is desirable that it be close together, without gaps. Since mineral wool is elastic, this interval can be reduced by 30-50 mm for a good tight installation.

Laying insulation in sheathing cells

At the next stage we lay the insulation. The mineral wool will become tight between the beams, especially if you followed the advice and shortened the interval, but polystyrene foam is a hard material, so small gaps may remain. To prevent the penetration of cold, they need to be filled with polyurethane foam, the protruding parts of which will need to be cut off after drying.

Installation of slabs directly on the ceiling

Installation is carried out using special plastic mushrooms. For them, holes are drilled in the concrete directly through the insulation, into which the fungus is inserted, and then a plastic nail is carefully driven in.

Insulating the loggia floor

To insulate the floor, you can also choose various options: dry screed, lifting with joists, or simply covering the concrete floor with extruded polystyrene foam. The latter action is not effective in maintaining the temperature on the balcony as in the rooms, it will simply make the floor not too cold.

Expert opinion

Konstantin Alexandrovich

Ask a question to an expert

The most highly effective and most frequently used method is insulation using logs.

The joists can be laid directly on the concrete floor or adjusted in height using various devices - metal holders, studs, adjustable or homemade coasters.

Metal holders lift the guides and this good way fastening joists, if their height is sufficient for installing insulation. For a standard loggia (size 3*1.2 m), three rows of logs will be enough.

The holders are attached to concrete and insulation is put on each. Mineral wool is most often used in combination with such fastenings. A square is cut from it, in which two holes are made, through which the insulation is put on the rack.

Having secured the logs in the holders and checked the horizontality, we lay the main insulation over the entire floor area. To achieve a better effect, place another layer of mineral wool, almost to the level of the joists.

Using staples, secure the vapor barrier film on top of the insulation to the joists.

The logs are covered with 10 mm thick plywood on top, and all cracks and crevices are filled with polyurethane foam. After drying, the excess foam is cut off and laid on top of the plywood. decorative coating.

• If you do not plan to use the balcony as a living space, but simply want to raise the temperature there so as not to let cold air into the apartment, then raising the floor to the threshold level is not required. It will be enough to lay the insulation to the height of the logs, fixed to thin polyethylene foam laid on concrete.

Under these conditions, the joists are drilled through and secured using anchors. The space along the walls and between the joists is filled with insulation and covered with a vapor barrier and plywood.

Insulation of loggia walls

Insulation of walls is done in the same way as on the floor or ceiling of the loggia. Here, too, you can choose a method to your liking - use wooden or metal sheathing or rigid insulation that is attached to the walls special glue or polyurethane foam.

• Installation of penoplex will be easy if you prepare the panels of the required size in advance. All vertical surfaces are faced equally - on reverse side Apply glue to the insulation and press it firmly to the wall. For additional fastening, you can fix the panels using plastic mushrooms.

But still a more popular option that is suitable for anyone thermal insulation material- This is a method using lathing walls with wooden beams or metal profiles.

Before installing the sheathing, to increase efficiency, it is recommended to make a polyethylene foam backing with a foil surface.

• Such a substrate will create a “thermos” effect and will reliably retain heat on the loggia. Next, the sheathing is fixed on top. The guides should be placed at a distance equal to the width or length of the insulation mats.

Installation of sheathing

The selected heat insulator is laid - foam plastic or mineral wool, it is covered on top with a vapor barrier film, secured with staples on bars or, when using metal guides, with liquid nails along the upper and lower edges.

Foam insulation

And finally, the final stage is covering with decorative material, such as clapboard, or plasterboard for painting or plaster.

Insulation with polyurethane foam

Most modern way insulation is sprayed polyurethane foam. In most cases, it is practiced for insulating the inside of roofs and outside walls in private houses and cottages, but since this method is characterized by speed and ease of installation, it is increasingly used on balconies and loggias in city apartments.

The only thing is that this method cannot be carried out independently; spraying is carried out only by professional specialized companies using special equipment.

Before entrusting your loggia to professionals, it is necessary to make additional preparations in the room, that is, make lathing, as described in the article above. The lathing will serve as a frame for the heat insulator and fastening on top of the decorative trim.

The great advantage of this method is that when sprayed, polyurethane foam expands and fills the entire space without leaving any gaps. It can be used not only on walls, but also on floors and ceilings. The surface becomes completely windproof, that is, it retains heat perfectly. Plus, you are spared the need to carry out additional inspection and fill cracks and cracks with polyurethane foam; you can immediately begin finishing.

Loggia design solutions

Let's see how you can use additional area resulting from insulation of the loggia. In practice, you have one more room at your complete disposal, and only you can decide what it will be like.

For our part, we can offer several ideas on how to use the new opportunities.

The warmest transformation - the loggia turns into a cozy little corner for relaxation. Here you can enjoy the silence with a good book or crafts. If necessary, there is enough space to install a TV or a small table for a laptop.

If a large family lives in an apartment, it is sometimes difficult to find a comfortable, quiet place for your favorite activity. Despite small space, your new insulated loggia will allow you to place even two separate corners for dear to my heart classes. For example, a cozy deep chair can be placed in one corner, and in the second - small table for laptop.

Very stylish modern version, suitable if the exit to the balcony is from the kitchen. You can even transform the loggia into a kind of dining room.

Ideal for parties, especially when high floors and an attractive view from the window, the window sill can easily replace the bar counter.

Using small details, such as lit candles, you can create the atmosphere for a romantic dinner. Fresh fragrant air and watching the sunset on warm summer days, and in winter - cozy blankets, candles and mulled wine.

If you install glass sliding doors instead of standard ones, you can delimit the space if necessary.

A bold design solution suggests expanding the living room space onto the loggia. The wall that previously separated the rooms has been turned into a comfortable table.

In this case, the area of ​​the former loggia can be used as a study or hobby room.

By combining two spaces, the living room provides access to a large window, which increases illumination; you will feel this well in winter, when there is always not enough light.

It is not difficult to come up with the use of additional warm space, everything is limited only by your flight of fancy. Winter Garden, workshop, office, even a sports corner - everything is doable.

Therefore, if your apartment has a loggia, and you still haven’t thought about insulating it, get down to business urgently.

Let's sum it up

Properly insulating a loggia on your own is not so difficult; anyone can do it. Although this process includes a sufficient number of serious steps, by following the tips and rules described above, you can easily cope with insulating your balcony.

Video of comprehensive insulation of a balcony

How to insulate a balcony with your own hands

Insulating a balcony is something that almost everyone who has purchased an apartment without renovation faces. This process is quite important in terms of maintaining heat in all rooms, since cold air in winter penetrates directly into the living rooms through the balcony. Insulation can be carried out using different materials, while the technology of work allows you to do this yourself, without calling specialists.

Thanks to the balcony, you can make the living room larger by connecting these two rooms. In addition, this room can be made into a separate small room, which can act as an office, hookah bar or just a place to relax. And then the balcony will not serve the function of a storage room, which it mainly performs, but will be used for a more useful purpose. This solution will be the most practical and at the same time fashionable. Today, the decision to convert balconies and loggias into mini-rooms has become a fairly popular solution. To make your time on the balcony comfortable, warm and without causing discomfort, you should think about high-quality insulation balcony In any case, this room requires high-quality thermal insulation, and in order to understand how to insulate a balcony with your own hands, you need to familiarize yourself with the types of insulation and the technology of work.

Insulating a balcony is a process that requires time and expense. You need to approach this issue responsibly and carefully consider and calculate all the stages. How to insulate a balcony with your own hands, step by step photo will help you understand the main stages of work.

One of the first steps to warm balcony(loggias) - this is its glazing with a metal-plastic system, which consists of double-glazed window. But this is still only half a step towards the goal, as plastic windows do not provide good result, the temperature in the cold season on such a balcony will be only a couple of degrees higher than outside.

Which insulation to choose?

Very often, when it is necessary to thermally insulate a balcony or loggia, the most difficult question is how to insulate the balcony inside. Before deciding on the choice of insulation for a balcony (loggia), you need to learn about the materials themselves and understand which one is more suitable for a particular room. Further heat savings directly depend on the characteristics of the insulation. Once installed plastic double glazed windows, all existing cracks should be sealed.

An important point: the best option for insulating a balcony is to insulate it from the outside; during cold weather it will save you from condensation and moisture and save money.

Now there are many materials that are used to insulate balconies. The most popular are:

An important point: the choice of insulation for a balcony will depend on what kind of interior or exterior finishing of the balcony it will be used for.

Technology for insulating a balcony or loggia from the inside

How to properly insulate a balcony from the inside? This question interests many who have started renovations in this room. If you do not have the opportunity to insulate the balcony from the outside of the building, then you should insulate it from the inside. However, it should be borne in mind that by insulating the balcony from the inside, the area is reduced. This point is a significant drawback in using this method of insulation. Another disadvantage of thermal insulation in this way is the formation of condensation, which will be quite difficult to get rid of after all the work has already been done. The first step will be to prepare and treat the walls, floor and ceiling with sealant or foam for installation.

Important point: If there are large holes and cracks on the balcony, a large amount of sealant or polyurethane foam is consumed on them. To reduce material consumption, fill all cracks with polystyrene foam.

If you use the balcony as a separate room or when combining it with a living room, you should do double insulation balcony and cladding. This means that the selected thermal insulation material should be laid not in one layer, but in two layers.

The main stages of thermal insulation of a balcony from the inside:

1. To prevent the formation of moisture under the layer of thermal insulation, and subsequently fungus and mold, a layer of vapor barrier should be laid in front of the insulation layer;
2. You can use roofing felt as a flooring material to create waterproofing for a balcony. It is stacked on top of each other, the edges are sealed with a gas burner;
3. Next, you need to secure the material;
4. After this, the ceiling is finished;
5. Then the floor is poured and laid.

Insulating a balcony using expanded polystyrene (foam plastic)

Despite the fact that polystyrene foam is not a very durable material, it is the most common. Polystyrene foam is produced in slabs whose thickness ranges from five to fifteen centimeters. To insulate a balcony you will need only 5-10 slabs. Foam plastic is not afraid of moisture, all its properties are preserved.

How to insulate a balcony in a panel house using polystyrene foam:

• the surface of the balcony is covered with a layer of primer only after it has been waterproofed;
• Using special glue, we fix the slabs to the surface;
• to secure the slab more firmly, we perform another fastening with special plastic dowels, also called umbrellas;
• paraisolation is fixed on top. At the same time, when insulating from the inside, vapor barrier is an optional step;
• then the reinforcing mesh is glued using an adhesive solution.

Putty, plaster, paint or some other finishing is applied on top of the last layer, depending on the preferences and desires of the owners.

How to insulate the floor on the balcony

This process is much simpler. The technology of work is as follows:

• it is necessary to clean the floor from debris and dust;
• Next, you should lay a layer of foil and penofol on the floor;
• Then the sheathing is fixed;
• layers of insulation are laid in the gaps, and the joints are sealed with sealant;
• Then the installation of parquet, linoleum, laminate is carried out.

An important point: you should take into account that the floor will become fifteen centimeters higher.

Insulation of the balcony from the outside

Carrying out work on insulating a balcony from the outside yourself, without calling a specialized team, can only be done when the apartment is located on the lower floors: the first or second. The main advantage is that with such insulation, effective area. The disadvantage is considered to be high cost, since all work will be performed by specialist climbers.

An important point: if it is not possible to secure the thermal insulation material yourself, you should not risk your health and life by hanging or climbing over the fence.

If a decision has been made to self-insulation balcony from the outside, then it is necessary, first of all, to purchase or rent not only materials for insulation, but also tools for installation on a hill: scaffolding, stepladders, platforms.

Main stages of work:

1. Choosing the right one thermal insulation material. How can you insulate:

• Styrofoam;
• mineral wool;
• expanded polystyrene;
• sandwich panels;

1. Glazing of the balcony. Do not waste money on purchasing high-quality double-glazed windows;
2. Preparing the plane. The surface is treated with a soil solution after the stage of removing contamination and sealing seams and cracks has been completed;
3. Fastening profiles. They are installed after the walls have completely dried after priming. Foam will be installed on the profiles and secured with dowels;
4. Gluing foam. A thick layer of glue is applied to the entire area of ​​the sheet, wall and joints;
5. Styrofoam fastenings. After two days, when the glue has completely dried, we secure the surface with dowels;
6. Treating the wall with primer and applying plaster.

The work should be done from bottom to top, in a checkerboard pattern. It requires special training and skills. It is recommended to carry out such work only in the warm season, when wind and precipitation cannot interfere with the work.

How to insulate a balcony from the inside with your own hands video

Knowing how to insulate a balcony in a panel house, you can effectively block the access of cold air to the apartment. After all, with the onset of frost, it is from there that it penetrates into the living space. All work can be completed using a wide range of heat-insulating materials and without resorting to the services of specialists, that is, with your own hands.

What is it for?

The loggia can be turned into a warm office

At the beginning of the article it was already said that if you insulate a loggia in a panel house, this will serve as a barrier to the cold from the street. It should also be recalled that reinforced concrete has a high degree of thermal conductivity, and this negatively affects heat retention. Additionally, the small space can be used in many different ways. The first option is to connect the balcony with the adjacent room. The second is to use it for its intended purpose and design a separate room in its area.

A warm loggia will be an excellent option for a place of rest and relaxation after a working day, ideal option a schoolchild doing his homework here, because the best lighting is natural, sunny. And if you install a computer and a desktop, the room can turn into an excellent office. In general, we can say that there are a lot of arrangement options. The only thing left to do is to insulate the balcony with your own hands.

Required scope of work

Insulate the floor, walls and ceiling

When thinking about the question of how to insulate a balcony in a panel house with your own hands, you should evaluate the scope of work that will need to be completed to achieve your intended goal. There are several main stages:

• Floor insulation.
• Ceiling insulation.
• Thermal insulation of walls.

It is worth emphasizing right away that it is best to perform this procedure from the outside. But in some situations, installing thermal insulation with outside impossible. For example, when the apartment is located on upper floors buildings - this can be life-threatening. Not everyone will be able to work using scaffolding (depending on what floor the apartment is located on), and hanging over the handrails during installation is a direct violation of safety regulations. Based on this, we next consider options for how to insulate a balcony from the inside with your own hands.

Many balconies in panel houses built in the last decade already have the necessary thermal insulation. For fencing, structures made of aerated concrete slabs with internal reinforcement ties are used. If a wall made of this material meets the climatic requirements of the region, insulation will not be needed.

Choice of insulation

Before choosing insulation, you should first decide how the loggia will be insulated. This is due to the fact that some types of work require the use of a certain category of insulation. Therefore, below are the most alternative types of thermal insulators offered on the modern construction market:

• Mineral wool.
• Expanded polystyrene.
• Extruded polystyrene foam.
• PVC foam.
• Polyurethane foam.
• Polyurethane mastic.
• Bulk expanded clay
• Polyuria (polyurea).

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The main coefficients regulating the composition of thermal insulators are considered to be 3 characteristics:

• Density.
• Thermal conductivity.
• Vapor permeability.

The table below shows the average coefficients of these insulation categories.

Insulation category	Density coefficient, kg/m3	Thermal conductivity coefficient, W/(m*C)	Vapor permeability coefficient, mg/(m*h*Pa)
Mineral wool	50 — 200	0,048 – 0,070	0,49 – 060
Expanded polystyrene	33 — 150	0,031 – 0,05	0,13 – 0,05
Extruded polystyrene foam	45	0,036	0,013
PVC foam	125	0,052	0,23
Polyurethane foam	30 — 80	0,020 – 0,041	0,0 – 0,05
Polyurethane foam mastic	1400	0,25	0,00023
Expanded clay (bulk)	250 — 800	0,10 – 0,18	0,50 – 0,70
Polyuria (urea)	1100	0,21	0,00023

Insulation of a loggia in a panel house

According to the data, you can choose the right quality material in order to insulate a loggia in a panel house with your own hands.

To correctly answer the question of how to insulate a balcony from the inside with your own hands, it is enough to follow a simple procedure. In this case, the frequency can be ignored and the work can be done in any order.

It is assumed that the loggia is already glazed with good double-glazed windows.

Floor insulation

One of the important criteria in how to properly insulate a loggia is proper thermal insulation of the floor. This can be done using various heat-insulating materials: from loose expanded clay to mineral wool or extruded polystyrene foam. Initially, for this you need to lay it on the floor wooden joists or timber, which must be treated with an antiseptic.

The location of the so-called sheathing is carried out strictly horizontally. This will simplify subsequent work. Heat-insulating material is placed (or poured) into the resulting cells. The next step is to cover the entire area with sheets of plywood, chipboard or OSB, on which the facing floor material is laid:

• Laminate.
• Linoleum.
• Parquet.
• Tile.

The final aspect of insulation in how to insulate your balcony is the installation of a heated floor connected to a heating system, or the installation of a similar independent system powered by an electrical medium.

Ceiling insulation

Distribute the insulation over the entire ceiling area

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How to insulate a loggia from freezing ceiling slab during cold weather? It needs to be insulated. It is done like this: galvanized hangers are fixed to the surface using dowel nails. Having bent the technological edges, a thermal insulation board is pushed through them. If the density of the material is sufficiently rigid, you can perform this action one by one, piercing one hole at a time. Thus, the insulation is distributed over the entire ceiling area.

In order to insulate the loggia from the inside, a wooden beam or galvanized profile. This is done along a previously stretched rope, which should be positioned strictly horizontally, parallel to the floor surface. The interval between the sheathing elements should not exceed 40 cm. Otherwise decorative material may bend under the influence of time. The location of the beam is determined depending on the chosen method and type of finishing. If, for example, PVC panels are used, then they will be fixed parallel to the window, the sheathing should be located perpendicular to the window opening. For more information about insulating a balcony, watch this video:

The following types of finishing materials can be used as ceiling decorative finishing:

• PVC panels.
• MDF panels.

When choosing drywall, keep in mind that in the future it will need to be wallpapered, painted or applied decorative plaster, which requires some financial expenses, time and effort.

Wall insulation

It is difficult to imagine insulating a balcony without thermal insulation of the walls. If the floor and ceiling can have a relatively positive temperature due to the fact that they are insulated by neighbors above or below, then the wall partition goes directly to the street. Procedure in this case similar to works for ceiling insulation. Special hangers are fixed to the wall, which are bent and insulation boards are placed through them. Using expanded polystyrene or polystyrene foam, it is advisable to foam the resulting seams between the panels with polyurethane foam.