Mini treatment facilities. Local sewage system for a country house Mini septic tank, fully equipped, factory-made

A septic tank is probably every homeowner's dream. Which septic tank to choose? Or maybe make a septic tank with your own hands? How will the septic tank be pumped out in the future? What is the difference between septic tanks for a summer residence and a septic tank for a home? We ask ourselves all these and many other questions, having once decided to buy a septic tank and not suffer.

A septic tank, in other words, a settling tank, is a local, small, individual element of a complex called a treatment facility. Whatever septic tank or ring septic tank you choose, its purpose is the same - to ensure the collection of domestic household and waste water from your individual homes, for the purpose of further purification to a state in which the purified water does not pose a danger to you and the environment.

Lack of neighbors fresh air, birdsong and much more make life outside the city attractive. More and more people are eager to leave stuffy city homes in the summer. But not everyone wants to put up with the discomfort of rural life, especially since they have all the tools to equip their home with all the autonomous life support systems. Wastewater disposal and treatment system, in modern house has not been difficult in engineering terms for a long time. We will try to outline in detail what issues you should pay attention to in our review.

How to choose a septic tank for a country house?

First of all, you need to decide on the size of the septic tank. The fact is that the capacity of the wastewater collection tank will determine, firstly, its cost, secondly, the cost of its installation work, and thirdly, saving space on our site has no last place. In fact, determining the dimensions of a septic tank is absolutely not difficult.

According to established standards, daily water consumption is about two hundred liters per person. If we multiply the norm by the number of users, we can easily calculate the volume of wastewater in our household. Considering that the standards are determined for a city apartment, and in a house on a summer cottage there is only a toilet and a washbasin installed, then a septic tank with a smaller size is possible.

Basic answers to the question: how to choose a septic tank?

After we have decided on the daily volume of sewer water, we should take into account the main criteria for choosing a septic tank:

• The material of construction of a septic tank is a determining factor affecting durability. (metal-plastic, plastic, reinforced concrete) Plastic models are widely used; this material is not afraid of corrosion, and exposure to aggressive wastewater does not have a strong impact on it;
• It is necessary to take into account design features, depending on the geological features of the site. The compactness of the model will save us the area of ​​territory that will need to be allocated for the installation of a septic tank;
• Principle of operation and cleaning;
• As we have already discussed with you, the volume of the septic tank depends on how many people live, but do not forget about the guests who love to come to your place for barbecues;
• The main criterion is quality. Check the seller to ensure that the models he offers comply with GOST and whether they have certificates. Septic tanks made of low-quality material or installed incorrectly will eventually begin to leak. If your plans do not include altering the structure in a couple of years, then you need to choose, install and maintain a septic tank from reputable organizations.

Place for a septic tank

Literally in a nutshell about where the septic tank of the treatment structure should find its new place. A modern septic tank implies a sealed form of the storage tank, so there are no special installation regulations for it. It is enough to apply the condition of prudence, not to place it too close to the house, so that the resulting odors do not overshadow your peace.

If your plans include building a septic tank without further pumping out wastewater from it, operating in a closed cycle for wastewater treatment, then you must use the requirements of SanPiN and SNiP. The main thing is to follow the basic rules for placing a septic tank and a water well or well. The distance that needs to be taken into account depends on many factors, but mainly on the quality of the soil.

If there is sand on the site, then the distance is at least 70-90 meters, if there is clay, then about 20-30 meters will be enough. Separately, I would like to say that one of the effective methods treatment is the separation of wastewater. This is when the black racks drain into the storage tank and the consequences are completely pumped out of the area. The so-called gray drains after the kitchen sink will fall off into a mini septic tank.

Mini septic tank for a summer residence, with a small volume of waste

Are you planning to visit your dacha only on weekends, weekends and holidays? Are your wastewater forecasts beyond triple digits? Then you should think about the fact that purchasing a factory-made mini septic tank will most likely suit you perfectly.

Storage capacity for

A storage septic tank for a summer residence copes well with solving the problem of accumulating minor wastewater. The mini tank copes with its main function - to accumulate waste and prevent it from seeping into the ground. In other words, such an “innovative” way of arranging cesspool.

The advantages of such an acquisition: low price, complete autonomy, simple installation and the possibility of installation even in the presence of high groundwater. But if you think that it is enough to buy a septic tank and forget about all the problems, then you are mistaken. The disadvantages of the design include: the constant headache of finding sewer companies to pump out the contents of the drive. Unpleasant odors will haunt you, only the direction of the wind will change towards the bedroom

Mini septic tank Microbe

A mini septic tank for a dacha is an ideal solution, not only to accumulate wastewater with further pumping, but also to equip a small autonomous sewer system, a classic type of treatment plant. The models offered on the market are compact, light in weight, and can be easily installed by even one person.

The modern mini septic tank Microbe has become widespread and popular. To service wastewater for up to four people, it will be sufficient to buy a septic tank with a capacity of no more than 0.6 cubic meters.

The microbe is equipped with an additional tank, which makes it possible to provide double wastewater treatment using a microbiological filter, and the wall thickness of the corrugated body is only 10 mm. The microbe requires work to clean the mini septic tank only once a year, before the winter period.

Septic tank Microbe Installation diagram

Comparison of technical characteristics. Septic tank Microbe

Septic tank for a private house

We have discussed with you options with a small number of drains, and what to do when a large family lives in a large country house? In this case, you should pay attention to a high-performance device for a private home.

Septic Tank

The septic tank Tank is deservedly considered one of the best options. Natural processes of wastewater treatment and recycling occur inside the septic tank. As a result of the vital activity of special bacteria released into the septic tank, the output is gas and clean water, which is simply drained into the soil. However, the water from the septic tank can be used to irrigate vegetables or flowers.

Advantages

• Simplicity of design, molded plastic body, reinforced with ribbing.
• Installation is possible on your own, and the strength of the tank allows you to avoid the need to construct a concrete shell or arrange an anchor;
• Complete energy independence. Wastewater treatment due to natural decay;
• By purchasing a Tank, you can count on a long service life and efficient operation. Sewer drain cleaning has been carried out for many decades.

Technical characteristics and body dimensions of the septic tank “TANK”

The principle of operation of a septic tank is as follows: the sewage system is drained into the first chamber, where the primary natural stage of biological decay and fermentation occurs. During settling, heavy fractions settle to the bottom. The upper layers of settled water flow into the second chamber.

In the second chamber, settling occurs in exactly the same way, but with a higher degree of purification. The upper layers are almost clean and flow into the third chamber through a special biofilter. Next, water with a purification degree of 75-80% enters the infiltrator, in which the water is completely purified before being released into the soil.

Septic tank installation

Septic tank Topas

Another popular option for arranging a sewer system for a country house is a modernized septic tank for the Topas dacha. Successfully implemented three components modern cleaning Wastewater. The manufacturer guarantees more than 50 years of operation of the product.

Topas septic tank deep cleaning, combines mechanical, chemical and biological wastewater treatment to obtain virtually drinking water. Topas produces two-phase wastewater treatment. Initially, the wastewater flows into the receiving chamber. When a certain accumulation occurs, the float switch is activated and the waste flows into the second chamber.

In the second chamber, aeration saturates aerobic bacteria with oxygen. Biological plankton reproduce and feed on organic waste. As a result, the purified water is poured into the sludge stabilizer, where the undissolved sediment falls to the bottom.

Advantages of Septic tank Topas

• autonomous, ready to use immediately after purchase;
• Non-volatile;
• It is very effective, purifies wastewater by 97 percent, so the water can be used again, for example, to water plants with it;
• Sludge from a septic tank can be used as fertilizing for various plant crops;
• The Topas septic tank is absolutely sealed and does not emit unpleasant odors;
• Installation is possible on any type of soil;
• Year-round operation.

Septic tank Unilos

Septic tank Unilos is an affordable and simple device. The model excludes chemical methods use. The septic tank only works with biological methods wastewater treatment. This approach allows you to cope even with heavily contaminated water. The septic tank container is made of polypropylene with a thickness of 2 cm.

The principle of operation is as follows: first, contaminated water flows into 1 section, where a large fraction filter is installed. After settling, the water, free of large debris and suspended solids, enters the aeration tank for further biological treatment. In the aeration tank, small particles are completely broken down.

Aerobic bacteria convert waste into activated sludge. Clean water enters the 3rd section where the sludge settles. In the last 4th section, the water is completely purified and removed to the outside. The purity of the water reaches 98% and makes it safe for the environment. This septic tank uses electricity to ensure its operation. In order for Unilos to start working, special anaerobic bacteria are diluted in a bucket of water and simply flushed down the toilet.

Advantages

• The lack of chemical treatment of sewage and the use of aeration systems make the Unilos Septic tank more environmentally friendly;
• Reliable Japanese compressors ensure stable operation and long service life;
• The accumulating volume of the first chamber, with a sharp general flow of contaminated sewerage, evenly distributes the cleaning;
• All four departments of structural elements are located in one common body, which makes it much easier installation work;
• The septic tank body is absolutely sealed, and special welding of polypropylene extends the service life of the product;
• The small size of the septic tank makes the assembly of the station and its delivery simple and not difficult;
• Purified water, with an indicator of 98%, can be used for irrigation of the site or simply discharged into the ground;
• The body is made of polypropylene and contains stiffening ribs; installing a turnkey septic tank does not require concrete work.

The disadvantages include a simple but still time-consuming procedure that must be performed once every 3 months. Namely, you will have to remove sludge from the settling tank, clean the pump, wash the filters and walls of the secondary settling tank. You will have to pay electricity bills when using the pump.

In a word, a wide variety of choices and arrangement of sewer systems for a country house will allow you to make the only right choice. As a rule, company specialists have online programs for selecting equipment based on performance. The lucky ones who have already installed the device at their dacha or in a country house note that their lives are filled with comfort, we invite you to watch a video in a country house:

Many people believe that installing a local sewer system is very expensive and difficult, so they do not want to improve their dachas, which are used for periodic recreation. Meanwhile, using a mini-septic tank you can solve the problem of wastewater recycling at low cost. It is quite possible to install such a miniature septic tank yourself, this will save significant money on paying for the services of installers.

Even if the dacha is not used for permanent residence, it is worth improving it. After all, even on weekends it’s not very pleasant to use the toilet on the street and wash in a basin. Today you can buy inexpensive mini-septic tanks for your dacha.

These are simple installations that use the settling principle. For final purification, septic tanks are mounted complete with infiltrators or filtration platforms are installed at the outlet.

What it is?

Models in the “mini” format are made by many manufacturers. In most cases, HDPE or polypropylene is used to make the housing. The total volume of mini-septic tanks can be from 0.3 to 1 cubic meter, while they can purify 100-300 liters of wastewater per day.

Advice! If the water consumption at the dacha is minimal, there is no need to purchase and install a full-fledged installation, for example, a Tank - mini models cope perfectly with the declared load, cleaning wastewater quite effectively.

Triton Mini

A small and inexpensive model, designed for installation at a facility in which 1-2 people constantly use the sewerage system or for servicing a summer house, where 4-5 people come to relax from time to time.

Advice! Triton Mini can be installed as a separate treatment plant for a guest house or a bathhouse.

The body is made of polyethylene, this material is resistant to corrosion and low (down to minus 30 degrees) temperatures. The maximum permissible load on this model is 500 liters of waste per day. The septic tank is installed complete with an infiltrator. Consumer reviews about the Triton Mini model are mostly positive. Here are the main advantages of the model:

• Has an affordable price;
• Installation is quite simple, as is its subsequent maintenance;
• The septic tank is very reliable; it can be used for decades without repair.

Microbe

Another popular model among summer residents is the Microbe mini-septic tank. Polyethylene is used to make the model's body. The Microbe unit is available in four modifications, with a volume of 450, 600, 750 and 900 liters. Advantages:

• High level of waste treatment. Before being discharged into the infiltrator, the wastewater is 65% purified;
• Compact and light weight. Thus, the smallest model in the line weighs only 45 kilograms, and the largest (with a volume of 900 liters) weighs 64 kilograms;
• Convenient transportation and simple installation, which is easy to carry out without the involvement of specialists.

Sprout mini

Another option for a small septic tank for a summer residence is called Rostock-mini. The model has a cylindrical body, inside the body is divided into two chambers. The mini-septic tank is equipped with a high neck with a hatch for pumping out sediment.

The body of this installation is made by casting, that is, it has no seams. Thanks to this, the septic tank can withstand very high loads. The model operates on the principle of a sump; a mesh filter is installed between the first and second chambers, which improves the quality of cleaning.

The septic tank has a capacity of 300 liters per day. It is perfect for a small cottage. The septic tank needs to be serviced approximately once a year; maintenance involves pumping out the sediment that has accumulated at the bottom of the settling tanks. To carry out pumping, it is necessary to call a vacuum truck.

If a septic tank is planned to be installed in the local sewage system of a summer cottage, then pumping should be planned for the end of the season. After pumping, you need to fill the installation with water to two-thirds of the volume. Then plastic bottles are lowered inside, tied by the neck to the lid.

The bottles are pre-filled with sand and should be two-thirds filled with liquid. The top cover of the septic tank must be insulated by covering it with foam plastic or old outerwear, blankets (you can’t throw earth at them). Such preservation for the winter will keep the septic tank in working condition. In the spring, you just need to remove the insulation and remove the bottles and the septic tank will be ready for use.

DKS

The name of this brand stands for “country sewer systems.” The smallest in the line of models is the Optimum treatment plant, which is capable of purifying up to 250 liters per day.

The model has a body made of sheet polypropylene with a wall thickness of 5-8 m. The total weight of the “Optimum” installation is 27 kilograms. The model is suitable for a cottage or other facility with low water consumption. Maintenance is required no more than once a year; it consists of pumping out sediment.

ASO

Another option for a small-sized septic tank for a summer residence that does not require frequent pumping is a model produced under the ASO brand. The youngest models in the line of this brand are classified as mini, these are:

• ASO mini-1, having a total volume of 1000 liters;
• ASO mini-1.5 with a total capacity of 1.5 cubic meters.

Septic tanks have a plastic body, divided inside into two sections. In the standard version, the treatment plant has a neck height of 95 cm. If it is necessary to install the model at a greater depth, the height of the neck can be increased.

Green Rock (Green Rock)

Another popular option for a mini-septic tank for a summer residence is Green Rock. This model purifies up to 0.5 m³ of wastewater in one day. The models are easy to install and operate. The model has the shape of a vertical cylinder, the installation diameter is 1000 mm, its height is 1500 mm.

In essence, the installation is a biological filter; it is installed complete with a sump. That is, the water that falls into the installation must already be cleared of large debris. The Gin Rock mini installation is an energy-independent solution; it carries out mechanical filtration of liquid, as well as its biological purification.

Installation complete with a sump provides complete cleaning; this option is good for a small dacha where it is difficult to arrange filtration fields, as well as for areas where organizing soil purification is difficult due to geological conditions. However, this installation also has significant disadvantages, these are:

• high price;
• the need to periodically replace the biofilter (every five years);
• The product cannot be used as a stand-alone treatment unit; it is mounted together with a sump.

How to install?

The purchased mini-septic tank will need to be delivered to the installation site. Many trade organizations offer free delivery of goods, but even if there is no such service, problems, as a rule, do not arise. These units are so compact that they can easily be transported in a car.

Installation work for installing mini-septic tanks does not differ from conventional models, only the amount of work required is significantly less. To install the model you need:

• Prepare a pit whose dimensions are larger than the container. It is important that after installation there are 30 cm wide gaps left on the sides for backfilling;
• A layer of sand is poured onto the bottom of the pit, and then concreting is carried out with preliminary laying reinforcing mesh and fastening rings;

• A septic tank is being installed. To prevent the light body of the septic tank from being lifted by soil water, it is secured with stainless steel cables to loops installed in the concrete slab;
• The pit is filled not with soil, but with a mixture prepared from one part of dry cement and five parts of sand;
• Two meters from the septic tank, a drainage platform is constructed with the installation of an infiltrator. To do this, crushed stone is poured into the prepared pit, after which a plastic cassette is installed;
• If necessary, the infiltrator body and cassette are covered with insulating material.

So, one of the options for an inexpensive sewage system in a country house is the installation of a low-performance installation. A ready-made mini-septic tank in a plastic casing has an affordable price and is quite easy to install so as not to spend money on paying professional installers.

How to choose the right septic tank for your summer cottage? The main condition for solving this problem is small size. Since the productivity of the treatment plant should be low, when choosing, special attention is paid to the overall dimensions of the structure and its cost. Currently, a category of so-called mini-septic tanks has formed on the Russian market, from which you can choose optimal model.

Dimensions of small septic tanks

The sizes of septic tanks depend on their performance and operating principle. For anaerobic models, they may be limited to internal chambers only.

In contrast, aerobic septic tanks must have slightly larger dimensions. Since their design necessarily includes an air enrichment system (compressors or drain pump), at least one additional compartment is added for equipment installation.

To install any treatment plant, you need to know the following overall dimensions:

• height of working chambers;
• height with inspection neck;
• width;
• length.

Based on these parameters, a certain plot of land is allocated for installation. However, the dimensions of the installation pit will be larger than the dimensions of the treatment station - by 15-20 cm. This must be taken into account when choosing a location.

It is noteworthy that if you make a septic tank with your own hands, its dimensions will be much larger than factory designs.

Among septic tanks with minimal sizes, several models can be distinguished. To analyze this parameter, the data was entered into a summary table.

All of the above models operate on the anaerobic principle of waste processing. However, each of them has its own characteristics in design and operation.

Septic tank Triton mini

The emergence of this septic tank model is due to the increasing demand for small treatment plants for summer cottages. Despite its small overall dimensions, it has good performance characteristics.

The operation of this model is based on the principle of the influence of natural anaerobic bacteria on wastewater.

Once in the receiving chamber, their partial decomposition occurs, as a result of which a layer of activated sludge begins to form.

This method makes it possible to purify sewage waste up to 60%. Therefore, after the septic tank it is necessary to install aeration fields or a storage tank.

For the latter option, the manufacturer offers special plastic drives. The body of the treatment station is made of polymer materials, which significantly affected its small mass.

Characteristics:

• designed to serve a maximum of 2 people;
• useful volume – 400 l;
• productivity – 500 l/day.

Features easy installation and maintenance.

Instructions for use

After installing the septic tank, it will take some time for the number of anaerobic bacteria to increase to the required level. Before this, the quality of water purification will be lower.

Photo: installation of Triton mini septic tank

Further operation of the device does not present any difficulties. The main thing is to stick simple rules:

• It is prohibited to dump rotten food remains, medications and chemically hazardous liquids into the sewer system;
• you also cannot dispose of polyethylene, pieces of cloth and other similar debris that can lead to blockages;
• engine oil, gasoline, diesel fuel and antifreeze will significantly worsen the operation of the station.

In order for the operation of the septic tank to be stable, it is necessary to visually check the composition of the wastewater once every three days. As activated sludge accumulates, remove excess sludge.

To do this, they use the services of a sewer truck. The average frequency of this procedure is once a year. At the same time, the walls of the septic tank should be thoroughly washed after pumping.

Reviews and prices

Due to its small size and good cleaning parameters, reviews of the Triton-mini septic tank are mostly positive.

Incorrect operation of the device can only be caused by non-compliance with operating instructions, excess waste water volume or incorrect installation.

The cost of a Triton mini septic tank is perhaps one of the most affordable - about 18,000 rub..

Septic Tank 1

The Tank-1 treatment station is the smallest installation among the entire range of septic tanks.

The production of this device is carried out by the Triton-Plastic company, which makes septic tanks of the same name. But unlike Triton mini, the Tank-1 treatment station has greater productivity.

The wastewater treatment process in it is completely similar to Triton. But due to large overall dimensions it has increased performance.

The design of Tank-1 is a square plastic container with stiffening ribs over the entire surface. This provides reliable protection from external soil pressure and greatly facilitates the installation process.

Characteristics:

• productivity – 600 l/day;
• useful volume – 1200 l.

Correct installation of the septic tank will be the key to its further normal operation.

Installation

To install a septic tank, you need to choose the right location on the site. It must be at least 5 m away from the house, and 50 m from the nearest water intake point.

Photo: installation

If you have no experience in carrying out such work, it is best to use the services of representatives of the manufacturer.

But even in this case, it is advisable to know the installation diagram and its main stages:

• A pit is dug in the selected area. Its dimensions should be 10-15 cm larger than the dimensions of the septic tank. When calculating the height, it is necessary to take into account the sand cushion and anchor plate - their thickness is added to the total height of the septic tank;
• for additional protection of the structure, it is advisable to make wooden formwork along the edges of the pit;
• then a sand cushion is poured into the bottom of the hole and thoroughly compacted. A reinforced concrete slab is installed on its surface. In some cases, a cement screed is made. At each stage the level is checked;
• After this, you can install the septic tank. Having lowered the treatment station to the bottom of the pit, the level is checked again and the external sewage pipe is connected. If infiltration fields are additionally equipped, then the connection of the pipe to them also occurs at this stage;
• using belts, the septic tank is attached to the anchor plate;
• the receiving chamber is filled with running water and at the same time the edges of the pit are filled with sand. In this way, the likelihood of losing the installation level can be minimized.

Upon completion, the operation of the device is checked. There is nothing complicated in the installation, but the high labor intensity of the work requires the involvement of at least 3 people.

Video: production and measurements

Price

The average market cost of a Tank-1 septic tank is about 26,000 rub.. But she doesn't take into account Additional materials for arrangement of infiltrators.

The price of one after-treatment kit can be from 3,500 to 14,000 rubles. depending on the number of structures.

Reviews

Septic tank Rostock mini

The production company "EcoProm" from St. Petersburg offers customers its version of a small septic tank - Rostock mini.

The two-chamber design of the septic tank has a cylindrical shape with a high neck of the inspection hatch. The case, made using seamless technology, can withstand significant loads - both external and internal.

Principle of operation

When wastewater enters the first (receiving) chamber, sewage waste undergoes natural filtration - dense masses settle to the bottom, and lighter masses rise to the surface.

A sorption mesh filter installed at the inlet provides additional cleaning. In this way, waste clarification of up to 80% is achieved.

Photo: installation

Video: operating principle of the Rostock Dachny septic tank

Technical characteristics, price

If we compare the characteristics of the Rostock mini septic tank with those discussed above, then it occupies an average position in terms of operational parameters:

• service – up to 2 people;
• productivity – 300 l/day;
• useful volume – 100 l.

Its cost is also in the middle category - the market price fluctuates within 23,000 rub..

Mini-septic tank DKS

The model of the DKS Optimum treatment station from the company OO "DKS" is the lightest of all those described above. It is made from polypropylene sheets up to 5 mm thick. and belongs to the class of non-volatile devices.

In combination with anaerobic treatment of sewage waste, the designers provided additional brush elements. They are installed in the second chamber of the device and serve for final disinfection of water before leaving the treatment plant.

Since sediment formation occurs in 2 chambers, the designers installed separate inspection hatches for each.

Specifications and price

BCS Optimum is designed for small volumes of wastewater treatment. The manufacturer recommends using this model for a home with non-permanent residence (dacha), or as a cleaning station for a bathhouse.

Photo: DKS mini septic tank device

The company does not indicate the exact characteristics of the volume of processed sewage waste. The technical characteristics of the septic tank are designed for a minimum of points in the house - sewerage and sink.

The average cost of a device ranges from from 23,000 to 27,000 rub. depending on the configuration. Which of the above models would be optimal for serving a small number of people?

The choice should be determined by the parameters of the sewer system, the size of the plot and financial capabilities. Only by adding these factors can you choose a suitable mini septic tank model.

septikland.ru

What is the difference between a septic tank and a drain pit?

In the past, the only improvement for a private home was a drainage pit. People dug pits to which sewer pipes were laid. The waste entered the pit and was partially absorbed into the soil.

However, over time, it was necessary to resort to the services of sewer trucks to pump out the wastewater. But high water consumption led to more frequent pumping. In addition, sewage in the drainage pit is quite unsafe. After all, they can fall into the well with drinking water, which can pose a serious threat to human health.

When installing septic tanks for a summer residence, waste accumulates and is immediately cleaned. As a result, the need to pump out sewage will occur much less frequently, about once a year!

Varieties

Almost all types of small septic tanks are made from strong, frost-resistant plastic material. Despite the high quality, the product has a low price. Store shelves present a colossal assortment of various models. However, all small septic tanks are divided into three main types. Let's analyze each of them in more detail:

1. Universal septic tanks include equipment with high performance, which is capable of treating wastewater substances from a building where at least six people live. At independent work Consumables not required. Unlike other types of designs, a universal mini septic tank is not a cheap pleasure. The disadvantages of the device include the complex operation of the system. Three additional settling tanks will need to be installed in order for the equipment to function properly. Septic tanks are cleaned at least once a year.
2. A mini weekend septic tank is designed for small private areas where people periodically live. They have a low price, and their daily productivity is 120 liters. The disadvantage is the small size of the receiving unit, which significantly reduces the level of productivity of the process.
3. A mini septic tank for a summer residence is suitable for country houses where 3–4 people live. The body of the model is equipped with an anti-corrosion coating. It is economical and lightweight, small in size. Quite suitable for self-installation. It has no disadvantages and can rightfully be called the most successful model.

Working principle of the mini design

To finally make sure that this device is the best option for a country house, it is necessary to take a closer look at the cleaning process. Indeed, in comparison with storage tanks, mini equipment operates without pumping.

Initially, the contaminated liquid enters the receiving section of the septic tank, after which it settles. Then it is freed from all types and parts of contamination.

If the structure is equipped with two settling tanks, then the clarified water enters the second section, where it settles again (additionally). After the above procedure, the liquid is sent to the filtration compartment and undergoes further purification.

Sediment accumulates at the bottom of the sump, then biochemical processes occur, as a result of which organic matter breaks down. This action is facilitated by bacteria that exist in water without oxygen supply to them. These processes help reduce sedimentary phenomena. But still, from time to time it will be necessary to pump out and remove undissolved sediment.

Installation work

After a small septic tank model has been selected, it is necessary to carry out installation work. Since the design has small dimensions and compactness, installing a septic tank yourself will not be difficult:

1. First, we dig out pits and trench lines to connect the pipe system.
2. We will need two pit recesses. The first is for a small septic tank; its dimensions should be forty centimeters larger than the body structure of the structure itself. The second pit is dug for the infiltrator; its edges should be fifty centimeters wider.
3. Then we dig a trench, but the bottom should be under the slope line (2–3 cm linear meter), and the sand cushion should be ten centimeters.
4. We lay sand 35 centimeters high at the bottom of the pit and compact it thoroughly. Then we install the equipment with the inlet pipe facing the side of the trench that exits the sewer building.
5. We fill the bottom of the second pit with crushed stone (55 cm). We define an infiltrator for this cushion relief. Focus on the location of the pipes.
6. After finishing the work, begin connecting the septic tank with the infiltrator, adhering to the clear instructions provided by the manufacturer of your device. Connect the inlet of the sewer system to the outlet of the septic tank.
7. Then test the system by draining the liquid from the house down the drain. Upon successful completion of the test, begin to fill the foundation pit. However, be careful, examine every centimeter of the joints so that there are no leaks anywhere.
8. The system is covered in layers. Flood the containers with water at this point to prevent the plastic sides from buckling under soil pressure. Backfill using cement and sand material in a ratio of 1:6. Compact each layer of the mixture thoroughly.
9. Part of the hatch and the infiltrator ventilation pipe should extend thirty centimeters above ground level.

A mini septic tank for a dacha without pumping is an ideal option for a sewer system. In a country house where you have to live all year round or seasonally, it is necessary to ensure the drainage of sewage waste. It is not always possible to connect to the main sewer system. In this case, a safe, environmentally friendly mini unit will come to the rescue.

For general information: treatment plants are presented to the consumer in a wide range. If you choose a septic tank based on price criteria, then the cheapest are units made of polyethylene, the most expensive are those made of fiberglass.

vodospec.ru

Let's compare for clarity

For clarity, let's compare some models. For example, the Tank-1 septic tank is designed for a number of users of 1-3 people, its volume is 1200 liters, its capacity is 600 liters per day, its weight is 85 kg, and it provides servicing of the toilet, sink, bathtub and kitchen faucet.

Triton mini is designed for 2-3 residents, the volume of the septic tank is 750 l, the productivity is 400 l (maximum 500), the weight is 70 kg, its installation does not allow having a bathtub in the house. Since both models are in the same price category, it makes sense to choose a septic tank with a slightly larger volume, but one that allows you to provide all the amenities in the house.

The Chistok Shar 1100 model is a little more expensive (literally a couple of thousand). The septic tank is designed for 1-3 people, its volume is 1250 liters, its weight is 85 kg, and its productivity is only 350 liters.

Rostok mini has a significant advantage - it is equipped with a biofilter and the quality of wastewater treatment is the best among septic tanks - up to 80%.

The most budget option

Many summer residents have a bathhouse and an outdoor shower on their property, so sewerage is required only for servicing the kitchen and toilet, if no more than two people live in the house, quite a septic tank will do Microbe 450 (it is one of the cheapest - within 10 thousand rubles), designed for 450 liters, productivity 150 liters, and weight - 45 kg. This is the so-called weekend septic tank.

And this is how we can talk about each of them - in some respects the performance of one model is better, in others a little worse, but all deviations are within the standards.

What should you pay attention to?

When choosing a septic tank for a summer cottage, you need to take into account several factors: volume, productivity, number of chambers, tightness and strength. Properly selected volume and performance ensure effective work systems. mini septic tanks, as a rule, are single-chamber, but in this segment you can also find models with two cleaning chambers, although for small volumes of wastewater a single-chamber septic tank is quite sufficient, and it will cost less.

According to standards (SNiP 2.04.03-85) single-chamber septic tanks are allowed to be used with an equivalent number of residents up to 5, two-chamber ones - up to 50, and three-chamber ones are used when they serve from 50 to 100 people.

Strength

Very important for a septic tank is the tightness and strength of the structure. When choosing, special attention should be paid to the quality of the material from which the container is made. Typically, small septic tanks are made from polyethylene or propylene using rotational molding.

Due to additional stiffening ribs, even a mini plastic septic tank with thin walls will be quite strong and resistant to deformation and mechanical damage.

The thickness of the body walls of septic tanks varies from 9 to 25 mm. Of course, the thicker the plastic, the stronger and more reliable it is, but the thicker it is, the more expensive it is. The maximum thickness of the walls of the structure is more relevant for large septic tanks, which have a high risk of contour deformation under the influence of soil (when the tank is empty).

For small containers, soil pressure is also minimal, so the use of thin-walled structures, but reinforced with stiffeners, is not prohibited.

Tightness

Modern technologies make it possible to produce seamless models of septic tanks of various configurations. The seam is a risk zone (it can burst, it is easier to pierce it with a sharp stone), there are no seams, which means that the possibility of breaking the seal is excluded.

The tests have proven that a mini polymer septic tank that does not have seams will serve for at least 50 years.

Processing technology

A mini septic tank is a closed structure, therefore, without access to air, waste is processed in it due to methane fermentation, when the decomposition of sediment is carried out due to the bacteria formed in it. First, the process of decomposition of complex substances into simpler ones occurs, resulting in sludge and methane gas. When the septic tank operates intensively, sludge forms in large quantities and you have to pump it out periodically.

Universal

Mini septic tanks are presented in three types: universal, weekend and for country toilets. Universal septic tanks are the most expensive in the “mini” category, but they also have a relatively high productivity - up to 500 liters per day (or half a cubic meter), they can easily serve the needs of the average family permanently living in the house, but they will have to be periodically cleaned using a sewage system cars.

For weekends and toilets

Weekend septic tanks are smaller in size, lower in price and have lower performance. They are designed for a maximum daily wastewater discharge of 150 liters (0.15 cubic meters) - these are the most productive models, and the average ones process 120 liters. For summer residents who come to the hacienda only on weekends or holidays, this is the best option, because you won’t have to pay for extra unused volumes.

Septic tanks for country toilets are also low-capacity (daily discharge up to 120 liters), but they are miniature and lightweight, so they can be installed quickly and almost anywhere.

Checking the standards

By the way, about the place. Remember that the installation of even mini septic tanks must be carried out in accordance with the standards:

• the minimum distance from the treatment plant to the house is 5 m and the same should be to the water pipes, if the pipes are cast iron, then 3 m is enough;
• the standard distance from the septic tank to the neighboring area is not less than 2 m;
• the septic tank should be located 30-50 m from the well or well (depending on the throughput of the soil);
• distance to trees – 4 m, to bushes – 1 m, to the river – 10 m, to the reservoir – 50 m.

In the case when underground filtration fields are used for post-treatment of wastewater clarified in a mini septic tank, it must be provided that the sanitary protection zone for them (with a throughput capacity of up to 15 cubic meters per day) is equal to 50 m.

Installation

Direct installation of a mini septic tank does not present any particular difficulties due to the fact that there are no heavy dimensional elements.

Having decided on the place where you plan to install the container, proceed to earthworks. The pit is dug a little larger than a mini septic tank (it is necessary to leave gaps between the walls of the container and the soil within 30 cm).

The bottom of the pit is filled with sand, and then concreted with simultaneous placement of reinforcement and fastening rings into the solution, so that the septic tank can later be fixed in the ground with cables. If the fixation is not secure enough in the spring, the septic tank will float up on your site like a submarine in the sea.

After the pit is ready, concrete slab hardened, a septic tank is installed on it, the resulting voids are secured and filled with a mixture of cement and sand (1:5).

Installation of the infiltrator

At a distance of 1-2 m from the septic tank, a drainage area is arranged for the infiltrator. This is a plastic product designed for the post-treatment of wastewater and is also used in small areas in order to save space for installing a filtration system, because even one such design can replace 36 m drainage pipe. The infiltrator must accommodate three times the volume of the septic tank, so that during a volley discharge of sewage, untreated waste does not fall into the ground.

To install this device, they also dig a pit, fill its bottom with fine-grained crushed stone, and place the cassette itself on the prepared filtration pad (with a layer of up to 50 cm).

Inlet and outlet pipes are mounted to the infiltrator, through the first of them clarified wastewater flows from the septic tank, and the second serves to ventilate the system and remove gases formed during the decomposition of organic substances. The installed container is covered with soil, and only the ventilation pipe is visible on the surface.

Filtration well

In order to save money while minimizing wastewater volumes, filtration wells are used instead of an infiltrator. The fact is that the length of the drainage pipes in the filtration field depends on the volume of wastewater. According to the standards, there are 100 liters of wastewater per 1 m of pipe, and 150 liters for gray (clarified) water. Therefore, with a septic tank capacity of 120 liters per day, the length of irrigation pipes is required within 1 m, and even with a wastewater volume of 500 liters, it is enough to lay about 3 m of pipes on the filtration field.

When using universal septic tanks, the most productive in the “mini” category, with a daily discharge of up to 500 liters, according to the law, a filtration well can be used as a post-treatment system - it is much more convenient than a small filtration field.

The drainage well can be laid out of brick without mortar, the bottom of the well is covered with a sand-crushed stone mixture (the thicker the layer, the better the performance), the distance between the walls of the well and the ground within 30 cm is also covered with crushed stone.

A filter well is an additional system for cleaning and filtering liquid from a septic tank that enters it before it is absorbed into the soil. The well must be closed at the top, but it should be possible to open it if necessary.

Everything is possible!

So, the dream of having amenities in your dacha can be realized with very little financial resources. A mini septic tank will help you!

If you are still not sure that you will be able to create urban amenities at your dacha, then call quickly, our specialists will give you qualified advice on arranging a sewerage system, calculate its cost and, upon concluding a contract, complete the installation as soon as possible, and the next dacha season you You will already spend your time in complete comfort.

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Will need

• Two hundred liter barrel (metal or plastic).
• Drill.
• Any strong boards.
• Nails.
• Hammer with hacksaw.
• Shovel.
• Coal for barbecue (a couple of large bags).
• Ruberoid.
• A cover for a septic tank (in my version, this is a door along with the front wall from a broken washing machine).

Making a septic tank

The septic tank will have a through bottom so that there is no need to pump it out. Earth is an excellent natural filter for liquid waste with a small and not too dangerous content of chemicals, such as solutions of washing powders or detergents. This structure will not harm nature in any way; almost all of this chemistry will be filtered into coal and accumulated in one place, without poisoning nearby lands or spoiling your harvest.

So, to begin with, using a drill, we drill more holes with a diameter of about ten millimeters in the bottom of the barrel. With a frequency of approximately two holes per square decimeter. The bigger, the better. If the barrel is plastic, then you can simply burn it with a hot rod. Now the most time-consuming part of the job is digging the hole. The hole should be dug ten to fifteen centimeters deeper than the barrel, taking into account the carbon filter. After the pit is ready, pour the prepared coal into the bottom of the pit.

It is advisable to crush it into smaller pieces before doing this. We place a barrel on the coal.

We fill the gaps between the barrel and the ground with sand, tamping it carefully with the handle of a shovel, or something like that.

Next, you need to build a frame of boards, which should be placed on top of the barrel. We cover the frame with a board, cover it with roofing felt and fasten it with a stapler, leaving a hole for the lid. We will fasten the frame over the barrel to thick boards driven into the ground, impregnated with an antifungal oil composition.

If you or someone you know has a broken washing machine that has not yet been scrapped or sent to a landfill, use a screwdriver, a grinder and safety glasses to separate the front wall and door from it. This is not difficult - the metal there is not very thick. Saw off all the excess and protruding parts from it, drill holes around the perimeter of this wall, in ten centimeter increments, and nail (or screw) it in place of the lid. The result is a very convenient design.

There is no smell and, most importantly, no one will step there or fall through. In the absence of such a door, put together a plank door. Screw a strip of thick rubber to it on one side, which will replace the hinges, and a latch on the other. That's basically it. You can use it. Also, such a septic tank is quite suitable for a bathhouse or shower stall. On summer season this is quite enough. And to avoid silting at the bottom of the septic tank, do not pour anything into it except washing, dishwashing and other liquid chemical waste.

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Owners of suburban areas want a comfortable time spent on their plots. Comfort implies the convenience and benefits of the civilization of the city in places remote from its borders. The majority of summer residents avoid organizing an autonomous sewer system on their site; it is believed that such work is expensive and requires not only material investments, but also a lot of labor before and after laying a sewer system.

It is impossible to unequivocally agree with such beliefs. There is a colossal variety of forms, differing not only in price and technical characteristics. For areas of temporary residence - dachas, even without permanent buildings, in the form of a house, there is a separate type - mini septic tanks. This option is suitable for plots various sizes, will provide comfort and eliminate the need to use insufficiently hygienic and aesthetic types of suburban communications.

Sewerage, to the extent that it is presented to the eye, is divided into two types, which have subtypes and groups:

• cesspools;
• septic tanks.

The cesspool is the oldest structure of mankind. Looks like small room, with a provided hole, sometimes without a seat, for discharging sewage and waste human activity. The tank simply collects wastewater and does not process it, so removing sewage with a sewage truck becomes a constant necessity and additional expense.

The cesspool option is only cheap to manufacture, since all the work can be done independently without special qualifications. A foundation pit is being prepared, there are several various options, but the only point remains to collect wastewater until it is pumped out by a sewer truck.

Leakage of wastewater from a pit threatens significant problems for the environment. Contamination of groundwater will lead to the death of not only fruit-bearing plants, but also human health will be under serious threat.

Typically, a septic tank is selected according to the required volume, which directly depends on the amount of water consumed by a certain number of people and equipment. Septic tanks are usually large in size.

A mini septic tank processes up to 300 liters of waste liquid in one day. Therefore, it can be installed in places with low liquid consumption, for no more than two people. This option is very convenient for dachas, especially if the dacha is used only on weekends or vacations.

It is better to choose ready-made polymer models in which the manufacturer has provided all the necessary equipment.

The right decision was made self-installation septic tank on the site, you need to go through the stages of preparation and choose the appropriate model. Since the septic tank, regardless of the configuration (mini, standard), the work done is the same, they differ only in the volume of excavation work, so you immediately need to select a location and prepare everything for installation.

There are many models of mini septic tanks, you need to adhere to several rules, after which operation will be long and problem-free:

• the body material must be made of polymer materials, reinforced concrete products, and other types of materials; such materials are not subject to corrosion or other types of decay;
• calculate the volume required to accommodate the required number of people;
• the rigidity of the body will determine whether additional devices are needed to ensure resistance to deformation processes;
• the presence of devices that increase the functionality of the device (air ducts, aerators);
• the dimensions of the device, on which the volume of excavation work depends.

A lot of factors depend on the model. Aerobic models function with the exchange of gases. Without oxygen, processing is carried out in anaerobic septic tanks. If you do not take into account the type of processing, the process goes like this:

• When the wastewater enters the first tank of the septic tank - the settling tank, it is divided into fractions, this takes some time;
• the water, having gotten rid of large particles, passes into the next container, where additional sedimentation occurs, is processed by bacteria, then passes into the next container, where the purification process takes place;
• Having freed the water from impurities, it is discharged into the soil.

Sediment is processed organic matter, presented in the form of odorless sludge, and is periodically removed by a vacuum cleaner.

A project is made on paper - a layout diagram of the main technical components. After which they proceed to the work itself, if all preliminary organizational work has been done, including the purchase and delivery of material to the installation site.

First of all, they carry out earthworks, digging a pit, trenches for a pipeline. The pit must exceed the volume of the septic tank by 50 cm on all sides, allowing for free installation. The preparation of the pit depends on the material of the body. Ready-made factory models do not require a special pit; it is enough to compact the bottom, walls, and make a fixing barrier. If the body of the septic tank is soft, additional stiffening ribs must be made, otherwise the deformation will damage the septic tank device. The depth of the pit should be below the soil freezing line; this will help maintain the working condition of the septic tank during the frosty period.

It is better to carry out land work by two workers. It is difficult for one person to free a pit from the ground at depth.

A septic tank is installed in the finished pit, after which they proceed to assembling the sewer pipeline. Trenches for pipes are dug at a slope, which ensures gravity flow of wastewater through the pipes to the septic tank. The walls and bottom are compacted, a mound of gravel and sand is made, and insulating material for the pipes is laid out. The cut pipes are laid out on top of the fabric in the required order. Check with the diagram, only if everything is in order, there are enough parts, lengths, seals, and other components, proceed to assembly. Assembly occurs with sealants, usually silicone. The pipes are assembled in one direction - towards the septic tank, this will prevent dirt from accumulating at the joints.

After connecting the pipes to the septic tank, do a test drain with clean water to identify leaks and other problems in the system. Successfully passed tests are a guarantee of correct assembly.

Particular attention must be paid to the slope of the pipes! Without tilting, blockages will become a constant problem!

In the place where water is discharged into the ground, you need to create a filter well, which is done as follows:

• a pit is being dug, there is no need to compact the bottom or walls;
• the depth of the well should be at least 20 cm deeper than the septic tank pit, the calculation is done independently based on your own data;
• the first is a mound of clean coarse sand, about 30 cm;
• the second layer of a mixture of gravel and sand, 20-30 cm as desired;
• the third layer is pure gravel, about 20 cm.

A pipe is installed connecting the septic tank and the well. Over time, a film forms on the top layer; the layer will need to be replaced with a new one, after some time, for this you need to equip the well with a hatch.

The post-treatment well carries out the final purification of water, where the degree of purification reaches 98%, which makes such water not harmful to the environment. Only in combination with a well does a septic tank receive the status of an autonomous treatment facility.

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Types of mini-septic tanks for summer cottages

Among wide choice devices for local sewerage equipment in a dacha, two main options for possible arrangement can be distinguished:

• You can equip local sewerage and home treatment facilities yourself using semi-finished products and improvised materials.
• There is also the option of purchasing a ready-made design system, which is assembled from ready-made elements on the spot.

Naturally, the first arrangement option will be more budget-friendly, but to create it you need to have certain technological skills and independent calculation skills engineering structures. Also, creating an autonomous sewer system yourself will take you more time.

By purchasing a ready-made construction kit, the installation of an autonomous sewer system can be completed in a very short time, literally in one day. However, purchasing a ready-made septic tank can hit your budget. On the positive side This approach will allow you to choose from a wide range of finished products offered by the industry.

Choosing the optimal septic tank model for a country house

How to choose a septic tank for your dacha? Before choosing a septic tank model, you must first make engineering calculations. They include determining the expected volumes of all household wastewater and choosing the operating mode of the autonomous sewer system. Based on these parameters, it is necessary to plan the construction or purchase of wastewater treatment devices.

According to existing building regulations– for one inhabitant of your home, with permanent residence and regular use of the water supply, up to two hundred liters of water can be consumed. Accordingly, the autonomous sewage system must be capable of receiving the maximum amount of wastewater per day, and it is assumed that all residents will use the amenities in the house at the same time.

The value of two hundred liters per person per day is based on the presence in the house of a full range of amenities that we are accustomed to in a city apartment. But your dacha may have fewer wastewater-generating devices. For example, a shower may not be used in a country house; perhaps you and your household like to wash yourself in summer bath. On the other hand, a good country house may have more devices that consume water, for example a summer pool with a shower.

We take into account additional criteria

After determining the possible volume of wastewater, we move on to choosing a specific model or design for self-construction The following additional factors need to be taken into account:

• Material of manufacture. It largely determines how long your equipment will last. Today, plastic devices are the most popular on the market and when manufactured independently. This material is absolutely not afraid of corrosion and feels great when in contact with an aggressive external environment.
• Design features. Among these factors, it is important to pay attention to the ease of maintenance of the equipment. Also important temperature regime, at which the device can operate. You don’t want to be left with a frozen sewer in the middle of winter, do you?

• Design reliability. Good equipment must pass the appropriate test and have a quality certificate issued by an authorized organization.
• Compactness of the device. This factor is especially critical with a small plot of land, because the sewer system must be maintained, which excludes the land from agricultural use.
• Environmental friendliness of the equipment. The design must have a sealed circuit, which will guarantee the absence of extraneous irritating odors during operation.

Septic tank designs for small wastewater flows

If it is necessary to provide an autonomous sewer system in a small country house with a small volume of waste water, the possibility of choosing designs is significantly expanded. In this case, the sewage system should work sporadically, from time to time, only during your presence at the dacha.

Video - How to choose a small septic tank for your dacha

We use storage containers

The simplest solution when creating a local sewer system is to use storage tanks. This equipment is distinguished by its simple design, and its purchase and installation will not ruin your family budget. The main functions of such an installation are the accumulation of wastewater collected during the provision of amenities. The wastewater is collected in one place, in a container that prevents the penetration of wastewater into the surrounding soil. The storage tank itself is a more advanced, technologically advanced and environmentally friendly development of an ordinary cesspool.

Such a device can be made independently from a suitable large container. It is more advisable to use a structure with plastic walls - it will serve you for a long time and will not rust, unlike its metal counterparts. It is enough to simply connect all the sewer pipes in the house into one drain and lead it into a container buried in the ground. However, the undoubted disadvantage of this design is the need for regular maintenance. You will either have to clean the storage tank yourself or call a sewer truck.

We install mini septic tanks at the dacha

Unlike simple storage tanks for sewerage, mini-septic tanks allow you not only to accumulate wastewater and prevent it from entering the ground, but also produce its primary pre-cleaning. These devices are small in size and light in weight. The maximum volume of wastewater to be treated depends on the specific device model.

Thus, in one of the popular models, wastewater is initially settled in a storage tank, and then, after primary treatment, it is sent to an infiltration device.

Installation of such equipment can be carried out even by one person in a limited period of time.

Septic tank for permanent wastewater treatment

If you decide to install a local sewer system in a country house for permanent residence, you will no longer be able to limit yourself to a simple storage tank or mini-septic tank. In this case, you will have to purchase or build more efficient equipment.

Such equipment has a body made of molded plastic, reinforced with stiffeners, which significantly increases its service life. The durable housing also greatly facilitates installation - simply place the septic tank body in a pre-dug pit. The walls of the pit do not need to be reinforced - the walls of the tank will reliably protect the collected wastewater.

This equipment does not require connection to an electrical line. To increase the degree of wastewater treatment, special technological additives can be added to the septic tank. They activate the cleaning process, and you will only have to perform tank maintenance every five years.

How to make a septic tank from barrels with your own hands

Step 1. First you need to dig a hole 1.5 meters deep in which the structure will be located.

Step 2. A trench is drawn from the house, and it must have a certain slope (1.5-2 centimeters per linear meter). It is necessary to make a hole in the foundation having the required diameter. Suitable for laying are polypropylene pipes (“red”), intended specifically for external works. Silicone sealant is used to seal the seams.

Step 3. You can pre-lay expensive specialized materials (for example, geotextiles) under the pipes, but you can use regular packaging bags for this. The latter will not allow the sand cushion to wash out from under the pipeline in the future, which will contribute to the preservation normal angle tilt

Step 4. In our example, a septic tank made of plastic barrels will have the following design. The bottom of the pit is filled cement mortar in order to get a solid foundation. The inlet hole is located at a height of 0.65 meters from the bottom.

Step 5. Liquid overflow pipes are used to connect individual tanks. In this case, the tee (that is, the first element) is closed with a plug, which can later be opened in order to clean/inspect the duct.

Step 6. The drainage pipe will be connected to the outlet tee, for which a reducer (150x110) will be used.

Step 7 Sand is used to fill the gaps between the septic tank and the walls of the pit. The outlet of the drainage pipe will be located in the sand, through which the treated wastewater will be distributed. At the same time, the top layer will be made of clay (its thickness will be from 25 to 35 centimeters). The clay layer is necessary to prevent the passage of precipitation.

Step 8 A 50mm ventilation pipe equipped with a “fungus” is attached to the tee.

Step 9 The functionality of the drain is checked after backfilling is completed. Then the ends of the plastic barrels are cleaned, which should be raised to ground level. When connecting parts of the structure, the joints are treated with the same sealant.

Step 10 The structure can also be insulated using polystyrene foam.

Step 11 The covers here are insulated from below (1). Air valves (2) are installed in the pre-drilled holes in the center.

Self-production of a mini-septic tank

You can easily make a mini-septic tank for your dacha yourself. To do this you will need several standard reinforced concrete rings. The principle of operation of such a device is based on the effect of communicating vessels.

A pit for reinforced concrete rings can be dug while located directly inside the ring. It will fall by its own weight. Two wells are built from the rings, the bottom of one of which will be lower than the other by about 60 centimeters. The total depth can reach 4 meters. The bottom of a shallow well is waterproofed; a sand cushion 60 centimeters high is placed on the bottom of a deep well. The wastewater enters a shallower well and, after settling, passes through a pipe located one meter below ground level into a deep well. There, the settled water is filtered by a sand bed and enters the ground.

A similar structure can be erected from any available materials, including concrete products, metal or plastic barrels, or even old tires.

Instructions for making a septic tank from concrete rings

Step 1. The features of the project presented below can be seen in this figure. Here the structure will consist of two separate tanks.

Step 2. A powerful compressor with a capacity of 60 liters per minute is used to supply air under pressure into the aeration device (via a metal tee). Separate pipes for each tank are connected to a tee, the pressure in each line is regulated by a tap.

Step 3. The pipe supplying air exits in the second tank. Chains are used to secure the aerator, allowing the product to be removed if repairs or cleaning are required.

Step 4. A pipe designed to supply air into a well shaft.

Step 5. A special shelf made for installing a compressor. To make the base, a small plastic box is used, which is attached to the concrete using pins and corners.

Step 6. To create the first container, four standard rings (1 m in diameter) were used; the bottom was filled with concrete. Larger diameter rings (1.5 m) were used for the lower part of the second well. A standard ring is installed on top, for which an adapter cover with a hole is used.

Step 7 For connection individual elements"red" sewer pipes are used.

Step 8 To create a homemade aerator, a ½ inch plastic pipe was used. The elements are connected using a special soldering iron, making the connections tight and reliable. Holes are made in the walls (on the same line - from 12 to 14), through which air will escape. A 2mm drill bit is used for drilling.

kanalizaciyaseptik.ru

Technical indicators and features of mini septic tanks

Mini septic tanks are mainly made of plastic, which makes them durable and frost-resistant. But do not forget that these indicators directly depend on its thickness, so when purchasing a mini septic tank you need to make sure that the thickness of the plastic from which it is made is at least 5 mm. Another quite important technical characteristic of any septic tank is its volume, which for mini septic tanks generally varies from 0.3 to 1 cubic meter. This indicator indicates that such a septic tank is capable of cleaning from 100 to 900 liters per day.

When choosing a mini septic tank, it is best to give preference to those equipped with several chambers. The quality of the purified water will directly depend on their presence.

Advantages of mini septic tanks

Currently, many owners of country houses of temporary residence and summer cottages when arranging sewerage systems give preference to mini septic tanks, which have the following advantages:

1. Ease of transportation;
2. Acceptable cost;
3. Easy installation;
4. Compactness;
5. The presence of several cameras;
6. Functionality.

Types of mini septic tanks

All models of mini septic tanks are considered strong, durable, frost-resistant and affordable. In turn, such septic tanks are:

• Universal - such septic tanks are capable of cleaning wastewater for six people and have a capacity of about 0.5 cubic meters. The only disadvantage of such a device is its price, which is significantly higher compared to others.
• Weekend - these septic tanks are much cheaper compared to universal ones, but their productivity is much lower.
• For country toilets - it is considered the cheapest option of all mini-septic tanks and is designed for a number of people not exceeding four.

In addition, all mini septic tanks are also divided into types depending on the location of their installation. They are as follows:

• Septic tanks for summer cottages. In order to save money and still set up a septic tank at your dacha, it is best to give preference to a cesspool with a storage tank. The advantages of this design include simplicity and ease of operation, low cost and long service life.
• Septic tank for a bathhouse. In this case, a two-chamber mini septic tank is best suited. And which one to choose in terms of volume should be calculated based on the number of people who will visit the bathhouse.
• Septic tank for country houses. For such housing, it is best to purchase a factory-made septic tank with at least two stages. Such an installation will be more reliable and will last quite a long time.

Review of mini septic tank models

Currently, septic tank manufacturers offer their customers huge selection various devices that differ from each other not only in size, but also technical characteristics, as well as cleaning methods. If we compare mini septic tanks, the most popular among them are the following devices:

• “Tank mini” - this septic tank is one of the most popular and popular. Its main advantage is its high performance coupled with reasonable cost. This septic tank is perfect for temporary residence in a country house for a family of up to 5 people. Due to the fact that this septic tank is made of polyethylene low pressure, he is not afraid of even fairly low temperatures. Another advantage of this septic tank is that it is sold already assembled and does not require certain knowledge and skills during the installation process, as well as concreting the pit. But, despite all these advantages, it also has disadvantages. These include the fact that it is volatile and requires systematic cleaning of the tank. But despite this, this septic tank did not deserve a single bad review among its owners.
• “Topas” is considered one of the most convenient septic tanks to use. It is a fairly modern model and, thanks to its characteristics, is capable of processing wastewater into technically clean water. The principle of operation of such a septic tank is that the processing process involves sludge, which contains all the necessary types of bacteria. The advantages of this septic tank are also its long service life, a wide range of models and the complete absence of noise and odors.
• "Unilos" - differs from other models by having more powerful compressors and correspondingly greater productivity. This septic tank is compact, frost-resistant, easy to install and has a long service life. Wastewater treatment using this septic tank occurs through the action of anaerobic bacteria. The only drawback of this septic tank is that it requires constant maintenance in the form of cleaning, flushing and replacing activated sludge.
• “Triton” - such a septic tank is completely undemanding in maintenance and is capable of dealing with wastewater when a family of three lives. It is distinguished by reasonable cost, long service life, ease of maintenance and installation.
• "Astra" is a very popular model among summer residents, which has very high productivity. Also, this septic tank can be placed in close proximity to the house, since it does not emit any unpleasant odors.
• “Microbe” is another very popular mini septic tank, which, despite its small size, is capable of processing a fairly large amount of wastewater. It is also easy to install, transport and maintain.
• DKS 15 and 15M. Its advantages include the ability to install in absolutely any type of soil, as well as the simplicity of its design, which does not require electricity. In addition, the cost of this septic tank is quite low compared to others. By purchasing this septic tank you can use it freely washing machine, shower, sink and toilet.

Installation of a mini septic tank with your own hands

The process of installing a mini septic tank is considered a fairly simple task that does not require specific knowledge and skills. The only thing that needs to be done is to carry out all installation work in strict accordance with the following plan:

1. First of all, you need to decide on the location of the septic tank and dig a pit corresponding to the size of the container;
2. Then pour a layer of sand at the bottom of the pit and install a mini septic tank on it;
3. After installation, the drainage system is connected.

Also, do not forget that when installing a septic tank, it is necessary to carry out work on laying pipes so that they are necessarily located at a slope of about two centimeters. This is the only way you can ensure the formation of gravity drainage.

kanalizaciya1.ru

What septic tanks do we offer?

We offer septic tanks different types. For this review, our experts selected popular mini-septic tanks from our catalog, which differ slightly in price and operating rules.

Made from fiberglass

For example, a fiberglass septic tank with a volume of 1 cubic meter is in great demand. Classic autonomous sewer systems. Such containers have a durable body thanks to a material made from resins with the addition of fiberglass.

The design of the septic tank is a single container, which is divided inside into separate compartments. Fiberglass is resistant to rust, so it can be used in places with highly aggressive environments. Extremely easy to use. Pumping out using a sewer truck.

Unilos Astra 3

We consider this wastewater treatment plant to be the most efficient and innovative solution on the market in its price range. Structurally, it represents a single container, inside of which there are four compartments.

The device is made of polypropylene, resistant to soil pressure and chemical reactions. The wall thickness is two centimeters, so during installation there is no need to concrete the base. No pumping required. Maintenance of the station once a year.

UNI-SEP 0.6

The most “adult” equipment of the devices described is the aeration hybrid station. This treatment plant is designed for installation and use in conditions of frequent power outages. The equipment combines the advantages of a conventional septic tank and a technological station for deep biological purification. No pumping required. Maintenance of the station once a year.

What does SepticService offer?

We offer a range of services, including sale, delivery and installation of both conventional and mini-septic tanks. We have engineers and our own teams on staff. We provide a guarantee for the services we provide. And all the equipment we sell has a manufacturer’s warranty! For regular customers There is a discount system.

www.septikspb.com

A beautiful and comfortable cottage requires solving the problem of drainage. The old approach - arranging a pit - is no longer relevant. It needs to be pumped out periodically, and this is a costly undertaking. Budget septic tanks for a dacha without pumping are increasingly popular among summer residents, as they solve the issue of wastewater without connecting to centralized system sewerage.

Country house with a septic tank cleaning system Source optorgstroy.ru

What types of septic tanks are there?

A septic tank is a system of containers whose task is to collect and treat household wastewater. There are several types - models that require regular cleaning and those that do not.

Accumulating septic tanks

Accumulators are an analogue of a cesspool. From time to time it is necessary to invite a vacuum cleaner to pump out the contents from the container.

Storage tank BARS-N Source santorpack.ru

Special septic tanks

Special septic tanks, in which cleaning is carried out by bacteria that process the contents. There are several types of microorganisms for which such food is considered ideal. They feel great in a prepared environment and work to purify wastewater. This is an expensive pleasure. Since special containers with bacteria are purchased in stores.

Scheme of operation of the special septic tank BARS-Bio Source sharanavti.ru

Septic tanks without pumping

The third option is septic tanks without pumping. This is a system of 2-3 containers dug into the ground. Budget and most affordable option.

Sectional view of a septic tank without pumping BARS-Aero Source erkas.ru

The principle of operation of a septic tank without pumping

Wastewater treatment in such a system occurs due to water settling. The best option– 3 containers into which liquid waste is gradually supplied. The tanks are buried in the ground and connected at the top by a pipe. From each there is an outlet for air intake.

Plastic septic tank made of 3 containers of different sizes

Domestic wastewater from the house is washed into the first container, and the bulk of the heavy mass settles at the bottom. When the liquid level reaches the pipe connecting the first tank to the second, the water flows into another container. This is a purer substance, but still requires purification. The liquid settles and the masses settle to the bottom. When the water level reaches the connecting pipe, it spontaneously flows into the third tank. This is a vessel with a filtration system at the bottom. Water enters the ground through the filtration purification pad. This is wastewater that has already been treated three times.

There are designs consisting of 2 chambers, but such cleansing is not effective enough.

Subtleties you need to know

Correct design of a septic tank that does not require pumping Source vse-o-kanalizacii.ru

To ensure that the system operates without failures and the contents from the chambers do not fall onto the surface, you need to take into account several points:

all tanks must have a sealed bottom, except the one from which water enters environment;

the walls should not allow liquid to pass into the ground (this is the main difference from a cesspool);

the system must be installed at a distance of more than 5 meters from the living space; in the event of a pipe break, water will not be able to flood the house;

when arranging a septic tank, you should take into account the level of groundwater - they should be located at a distance of 2.5 m from the surface (the water is purified naturally, not reaching groundwater);

the first container is the largest, water flows from it into other chambers through pipes installed at a slight angle so that the drainage is independent;

cameras are dug in at a distance of 50 meters from the nearest water source;

the distance between adjacent containers is chosen to be small to eliminate the possibility of clogging of the connecting pipes;

the distance to the fence with neighbors is at least 2 m.

Video description

The design and principle of operation of a septic tank and sewage system for a dacha without odor and pumping, see the video:

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer sewer installation and design services. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.

Advantages of septic tanks without pumping

An important advantage of such a device is the absence of the inherent odor of waste water. Equally important is the significant savings in money - septic tanks for dachas without pumping do not need to be connected to the sewer system, which is an expensive and troublesome task. In addition, many models do not require an electrical connection.

In addition, the entire system is completely buried in the ground and does not pollute the environment, so supervisory authorities do not make claims against such areas.

The drainage pit collects liquid household waste in ordinary soil. In such a situation, the soil around the “storage” becomes saturated with untreated liquid masses, which greatly disturbs the environment. If you add to this a specific smell, the picture turns out to be completely unsightly.

A septic tank is fundamentally different from the old form of waste accumulation. This is an isolated system of containers, hermetically sealed, completely preventing the entry of untreated waste into the soil. Sealing the chambers provides odor protection. The presence of a septic tank on the site can be guessed by the ventilation pipes.

An important advantage of a septic tank without pumping is complete sealing Source proagregat.com

Choosing the size of the septic tank

An important point that determines how efficiently the entire system will work is the volume of the septic tank. It all depends on the amount of wastewater. How more family consumes water, the larger the wastewater tank is chosen. When calculating the size of the chamber, we proceed from the norm of water consumption per person – 200 liters. That is, the volume of the septic tank = the number of family members x 200 liters.

For a family of 2 people, 2 cleaning chambers are enough. The planned laundry, showers, and other expenses are taken into account. If there is a large amount of water consumed, it is necessary to install 3 purification chambers.

Don't forget about drainage and filtration fields

Masters offer 2 post-treatment systems - drainage or filtration systems.

The drainage (filtration) well is the last chamber in the cleaning system. Often it is a simple well without a bottom. Wastewater treatment is carried out by gradual seepage of water through the ground, so it is important that groundwater is no closer than 2.5 m to the surface. Sand or crushed stone is poured onto the bottom, which becomes a filter pad. The technique is used when groundwater is deep.

This is what it looks like drainage system septic tank extending to the ground surface Source tupikov.ru

Important! Several drainage wells are built on clay soils. It's more cheap option compared to the filtration field.

The filtration field is the pipes through which water passes to be completely purified. Occupy large area than a drainage well. With a large amount of water consumed, it can occupy an area of ​​​​several tens of m². This option Suitable for close groundwater, it is labor-intensive and expensive. Before constructing a field, it is necessary to correctly calculate its dimensions. To install a septic tank for a dacha without electricity, the following are taken into account:

number of water consumers;

soil composition;

diameter of pipes supplying wastewater;

average annual air temperature.

To enhance the cleaning effect, a layer of sand or crushed stone is poured at the lower level of the field, having previously separated it from the soil with a special filtration fabric.

Which material is better to choose

Two-chamber septic tank made of reinforced concrete rings Source kanalizaciya1.ru

Budget septic tanks without pumping have a big advantage - they are energy independent. This significantly saves summer residents money. The correct choice of material for filtration chambers will help you save even more. Various Construction Materials:

• tires;

  Eurocubes;

  reinforced concrete rings.

Reinforced concrete rings have gained the most popularity, but it is impossible to install them without special equipment.

Important! Reinforced concrete rings are fragile, bulky and heavy. They require care during transportation and installation.

Video description

The principle of operation of a septic tank without pumping out of reinforced concrete rings, see the video:

Installation of a mini-septic tank

Designs designed for low water consumption are called mini-septic tanks. The total volume of water in such tanks is 1 m³; the system purifies up to 300 liters of liquid per day. The optimal choice for a guest house or small cottage. For this purpose, old plastic barrels or other materials are used to ensure the contents are sealed.

When choosing mini-septic tanks for a dacha without pumping, pay attention to several parameters:

the material from which the containers are made (the best choice is plastic);

ease of maintenance;

reliability;

compactness;

environmental friendliness.

Important! If the house has a bathtub, a mini-septic tank will not help.

Video description

You can watch a review of the Rostock mini septic tank in the video:

What do manufacturers offer?

Industry offers various models septic tanks for summer cottages without pumping in the form of miniature and full-fledged systems.

“Triton mini” is an option for two people. Compact, lightweight system that can be transported in a car. Cleaning is carried out by bacteria. To reach the planned capacity, it takes a couple of days for a certain volume of liquid to accumulate and the process to start.

Design and principle of operation of the Triton mini-septic tank Source vse-o-kanalizacii.ru

• “Tank 1” is one of the models in the “Tank” line, with the most compact size (1 m³), ​​capable of processing 0.6 m³ per day. Handles water consumed by three people. The containers are made of material with thick walls with stiffening ribs. Reliable and functional model.
• “Sprout mini” is a cylindrical container divided into 2 chambers. The structure of the tank is cast, without seams, with stiffening ribs to strengthen the structure. A purification quality of 80% is achieved by a biofilter installed in the system.
• “Topol” is a Russian-made system made using German technology. Equipping the equipment with Japanese mini-compressors increases the efficiency of the system. It has a large range of models, from which it is easy to choose the appropriate option, including mini ones. The body is made from environmentally friendly pure materials, durable, with a thickness of polypropylene sheets of 1.5 cm.
• "Bars-Aero" is a patented Russian-made system. This is our own development, together with scientists from MGSU. Has a wide operating temperature range (from -40 to +60 C). It is easy to maintain and has a well-thought-out design that allows you to avoid cases of disruption to the operation of the station itself. And the station’s compressor itself is located outside its boundaries, which allows you to extend its service life and saves you money on its expensive repairs.
  You can more clearly see the main advantages of Bars-Aero in the picture below.

Comparison of the BARS-Topas septic tank with other offers on the market Source erkas.ru

Conclusion

Septic tanks are being installed more and more often, since the advantages of this method of wastewater treatment are obvious. This includes the absence of an unpleasant odor, autonomy, ease of installation, and a large selection of materials for cameras. Cozy and clean country cottage area with a wonderful floral aroma became a reality thanks to a similar cleaning system.

Amateur gardeners who do not live in a country house in the winter quite rightly believe that it will not be possible to build a full-fledged cleaning system cheaply.

But even for seasonal farms, there is an inexpensive and effective way to solve the problem with wastewater - use a mini-septic tank for your dacha.

The size of the mini-septic tank depends on two factors:

• productivity;
• operating principle.

Anaerobic wastewater treatment plants They have smaller dimensions in contrast to aerobic ones, since the design of the latter includes an air enrichment system (drainage pump or compressor). Additional volume is required to accommodate it.

In accordance with the intensity of sewer use, mini-septic tanks are divided into:

• universal: models with a capacity of up to 0.5 m 3 per day. This volume is enough to serve a small family living in the country permanently;
• for a weekend: their volume is calculated at 0.12 – 0.15 m 3 /day. A septic tank of this design is considered the most optimal for summer residents who visit their properties only on holidays or weekends.

Mini septic tank

Mini-septic tanks are also available for toilets: their capacity does not exceed 120 liters per day, but they differ from other models in their lightness and miniature size. Such structures can be installed anywhere and without much labor.

In addition to volume, the choice of a specific mini-septic tank model is influenced by its geometric parameters:

• height – working chambers and full (with inspection head);
• length;
• width.

Knowing the above parameters, you can select a plot of land for installing a septic tank. You just need to take into account that the hole will have to be dug 150-200 mm more along the contour of the cross-section of the structure.

Model selection

First of all, you need to determine the performance of the mini-septic tank. It is chosen based on:

• daily volume of wastewater;
• operating mode of the sewer system.

The volume of wastewater depends on two components:

• number of users;
• degree of equipment country house plumbing.

Mini septic tank for a summer residence without pumping

If a bath is not provided in the house, then for each person living in it there will be 0.15 m 3 / day. If there is a bath, the water consumption will increase and will be 0.2-0.25 m 3 / day. To calculate the total daily volume of wastewater, the above standards must be multiplied by the number of users.

In a house with permanent residence, the septic tank must accommodate a three-day volume of wastewater.

Example: for a summer house in which 2 people are constantly present, the septic tank should have a capacity of 0.15 x 2 x 3 = 0.9 m3.

How does it work?

The operating principle of mini-septic tanks differs little from the operation of their larger counterparts. In both cases, they purify wastewater and transfer it to filtration fields. The work flow is as follows:

• sewage flows through pipelines into the receiver of the device;
• during the settling period, the contents of the tank under the influence of gravity are divided into two fractions: large components settle to the bottom, the liquid component rises up and moves to the next compartment (if there is one) or to the filtration field;
• the remaining sediment is exposed to microorganisms, significantly decreasing in volume.

The principle of operation of a country septic tank

Undissolved residues are periodically removed by pumping.

Popular models

Among the considerable list of mini-septic tanks produced by industry, several models are in greatest demand.

Triton mini

The model is designed for constant use of sewerage by two or three residents. Made from low density polyethylene. The body is divided into two chambers. The operating principle is based on biomechanical wastewater treatment. The liquid released into the aeration field is 65% free of contaminants. There the final filtration of wastewater takes place up to 98% - the regulatory safety level.

The declared power of the Triton mini is 400 l/day. In practice, the optimal performance to avoid rapid siltation of the infiltrator does not exceed 250 l/day. This is quite enough to serve two or more people with reasonable water savings.

Model Triton mini

The volume of the septic tank is 750 liters. Its weight together with the infiltrator is 82 kg - therefore, its transportation is not difficult.

Dimensions:

• tank – 1250 x 820 x 1700 mm;
• infiltrator – 1800 x 800 x 400 mm.

The second chamber of the septic tank contains a filter with a floating bioload. Anaerobic microorganisms take part in the cleaning process.

Tank 1

The design of all Tanks is the same - they differ only in performance.

The Tank 1 model is considered a dacha option; its total volume is only one cubic meter.

Inside, the container is divided into three parts using a partition. All three compartments are connected by overflows. The strength of the body is ensured by stiffening ribs.

The first two compartments operate on the principle of a sump, the third plays the role of a biofilter using anaerobic bacteria.

Dimensions of the septic tank: 1200 x 1000 x 1700 mm, productivity does not exceed 0.6 m 3 / day. The product weighs 85 kg.

At the customer's request, Tank 1 is equipped with neck attachments that allow you to select the desired installation depth, an additional container and a pump.

Microbe

The mini-septic tank carries out biological treatment of wastewater with the participation of anaerobic bacteria. The wastewater, purified to 85%, is transferred to the infiltrator - a 400-liter container without a bottom.

The Microbes line includes 4 models that differ from each other in volume and performance:

• 450 l – 150 l/day;
• 600 l – 200 l/day;
• 750 l – 250 l/day;
• 900 l – 300 l/day.

The septic tank is made in the form of a round barrel with a diameter of 810 - 1110 mm and a height of 1430 mm. The weight of the smallest model is 35 kg, the largest – 54 kg.

Sprout mini

The two-chamber model is made of multilayer polyethylene. The first is equipped with a special damper that prevents large particles of debris from floating to the top. The second chamber contains two filters – sorption and mesh. A 200 mm layer of zeolite is responsible for adsorption.

The “mini” model in the Rostock family of septic tanks has the lowest productivity - it is only 250 l/day. The total volume of the tank is 1000 liters.

Sprout mini

Overall dimensions of the product:

• length – 1.28 m;
• width – 1.1 m;
• height – 1.7 m.

The mini sprout is lightweight - its weight does not exceed 3 kg. This fact can be considered an advantage during installation, but during operation the septic tank may “float up”.

It is advisable to provide a concrete base for its installation to which the product can be attached.

Price

Prices for mini-septic tanks depend on the performance of the product and its configuration. For example, Triton mini costs 18,200 rubles, and complete with an infiltrator – 21,000 rubles.

The cost of Microbe septic tanks is in the range of 16,500-21,000 rubles. The cheapest model is Microbe 450, the most expensive is Microbe 900.

The Tank 1 treatment plant costs on average from 20 to 29 thousand rubles, depending on the supplier.

Sellers set approximately the same price for Rostok mini - 26,000 rubles.