Description
RVS vertical tanks are used at oil terminals, tank farms, oil production and processing enterprises. The purpose of the RVS is the collection, storage and delivery of the product.
RVS tanks can store any light and dark oil products, oil-containing wastewater, liquid mineral fertilizers with a density of no more than 1015 kg/m3.
TD SARRZ supplies vertical tanks of the following designs to the site of operation:
- RVS tanks without pontoon
- RVSP tanks with pontoon
- RVSPK tanks with floating roof
All supplied vertical tanks are manufactured according to:
- GOST 31385-2008 "Vertical cylindrical steel tanks for oil and petroleum products. General technical specifications"
- STO 0048-2005 "Vertical cylindrical steel tanks for storing liquid products. Design rules"
- STO-SA-03-002-2009 "Rules for the design, manufacture and installation of vertical cylindrical steel tanks for oil and petroleum products"
Design of vertical tanks for petroleum products
Vertical RVS tanks have a cylindrical wall and flat or conical bottoms with a slope from/towards the center.
To protect the stored product from contamination, as well as to prevent flammable vapors from entering the air, a roof or pontoon is installed on top of the RVS wall. Roofs can be stationary (frame/frameless, spherical/conical) or floating depending on the properties of the oil product, the diameter of the tank and the Customer’s requirements. For example, frameless conical roofs are used on tanks with a diameter of no more than 12.5 m, frameless spherical roofs - up to 25 m, frame conical roofs - on vertical tanks with a diameter of 10-25 m, frame spherical roofs - more than 25 m.
Floating roofs are used to maximize environmental protection from harmful fumes and to protect the stored product itself. Depending on climatic operating conditions, namely, snow loads, a floating roof can have a single-deck or double-deck design.
At the Customer's request, vertical tanks for petroleum products with a fixed roof can be equipped with pontoons- a floating structure, similar to a floating roof. The design of the pontoon must ensure its buoyancy both during unloading and loading operations, and in the event of force majeure. For safe operation, RVSPs must be equipped with a ventilation system.
The thickness of the wall and bottoms depends on the diameter and volume of the tank itself. So, the wall should be 5 mm for a diameter of 16 m, 6 mm - for 16-25 m, 8 mm - for 25-40 m, 10 mm - 40-65 m, 12 mm - more than 65 m. The bottom must be at least 4 mm for RVS with a volume of up to 1000 m 3 and 6 mm for RVS with a volume of more than 2000 m 3.
The grade of steel for the manufacture of RVS is selected and calculated at the design stage and depends on the degree of aggressiveness of petroleum products, the temperature of the stored product and climatic design, as well as the properties of the steel itself (yield strength and impact strength). Roofs and pontoons can also be made of aluminum.
Complete set of vertical tanks for petroleum products
Specialists of TD SARRZ carry out complete set RVS tanks with tank-mounted and technological equipment. The selection of equipment is carried out on the basis of a completed Questionnaire, taking into account the basic operating parameters at the facility.
To ensure safe operation of oil tanks, they may include the following equipment (depending on the Customer’s requirements):
- equipment for draining and loading petroleum products
- instrumentation for measuring level, temperature and pressure
- ventilation and breathing equipment
- sampling devices
- fire-fighting equipment for extinguishing fires, cooling the temperature of metal structures
- additional equipment: systems for heating petroleum products, devices for removing deposits and produced water
- inspection hatches, manhole hatches, skylights
- staircase and service platform with fencing
- lightning protection, grounding, static electricity protection
(for more information about tank equipment, see)
Technical characteristics of vertical steel tanks RVS
| № | Parameter name | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Volume, m3 | 100-120000 |
| 2 | Density of the working product, kg/m 3 | up to 1015 |
| 3 | Working environment temperature, °C | -60...+90 |
| 4 | Wall temperature, °C | -65...+180 |
| 5 | Excess pressure, kPa | no more than 2000 |
| 6 | Relative vacuum in gas space, kPa | no more than 250 |
| 7 | Types of tanks supplied | RVS, RVSP, RVSPK |
| 8 | Design versions of RVS tanks |
|
The construction of RVS-100 m 3 tanks is regulated by GOST 31385-2016 “Vertical cylindrical steel tanks for oil and petroleum products. General technical conditions", which came into force on March 1, 2017. This regulatory document replaced GOST 31385-2008 and was adopted by the national standardization bodies of Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia and Kyrgyzstan.
In accordance with their nominal volume, RVS-100 m 3 tanks belong to the class of structures KS-2b - tanks with a volume of less than 1000 m 3, which corresponds to hazard class IV.
Areas of application of RVS-100 m 3
Vertical cylindrical tanks RVS-100 m 3 They are primarily used in our country by enterprises of the oil and oil refining industry for the reception, storage and delivery of crude oil and various petroleum products. This is the most practical type of above ground tanks, suitable for:
- any light and dark petroleum products (gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel, bitumen, fuel oil, etc.);
- various products of the chemical industry (acetones, acids, alcohols, monomers, their cyclic derivatives, ammonia water, etc.);
- drinking water, as well as for technical water in fire tanks (fire reserve);
- liquid food industry products (raw materials for food production, vegetable oils, wine materials, syrups and many other products).
It is possible to construct RVS-100 m 3 as part of drainage systems for collecting rainwater or oil-containing wastewater.
Types RVS-100 m 3
Tanks RVS-100m 3, as a rule, are manufactured in two types: with a fixed roof without a pontoon RVS-100 and with a fixed roof with a pontoon RVSP-100. The choice of tank type is carried out on the basis of a table of properties of the stored product - flash point and saturated vapor pressure at the storage temperature specified in the technical specifications.
If tanks without a pontoon are used to store products with a flash point of no higher than 55°C (oil, gasoline, diesel fuel for general purpose diesel engines and stable gas condensate), then it is recommended to be equipped with a light fractions recovery unit (ULF) and a device gas piping(GO).
1 - wall; 2 - bottom; 3 - stationary roof; 4 - breathing valve; 5 - pontoon; 6 - sealing valve; 7 - ventilation opening.
Parameters and technical characteristics of RVS-100 m 3 tanks
- The inner diameter of the wall is 4.73 m.
- Wall height - 5.96 m for RVS-100 and 6.0 m for RVSP-100.
These parameters are specified depending on the width and length of the wall sheets and the choice of roll or sheet manufacturing method.
The main design parameters and weight characteristics of the RVS-100 m 3 are given for the most common climatic and technological loads during operation in Russia.
The basic design of the RVS-100 m 3 tank is given for design with a stationary frameless conical roll-up roof and a ring or shaft ladder at the customer's choice.
Characteristics of RVS-100
| Nominal tank volume, m 3 | 100 |
|---|---|
| Standard service life of the tank, years | 30 |
| Density of stored product, t/m3 | 1,6 |
| Maximum temperature of the stored product, o C | 95 |
| Maximum filling height in a tank without pontoon | to the full height of the wall |
| Internal excess pressure (nominal), kPa | 5,00 |
| Relative vacuum (nominal), kPa | 0,5 |
| Product turnover, cycles per year | 200 |
| Design metal temperature, o C | -60 and above | 4 | 0,85 |
| Seismicity of the construction area, point | until 9 |
| Inner wall diameter, mm | 4730 |
| Wall height, mm | 6000 |
| Wall: | |
| Number of belts, pcs | 4 |
| 1 | |
| Minimum thickness of the upper chord, mm | 5 |
| Minimum thickness of the lower belt, mm | 5 |
| Bottom: | |
| Allowance for corrosion (specified by the customer), mm | 1 |
| 5 | |
| Roof: | |
| Allowance for corrosion (specified by the customer), mm | 1 |
| Minimum thickness of the central part, mm (calculated based on expected operating conditions) |
5 |
Main structural elements of the RVS-100 m 3 tank
- wall, including inserts of pipes and hatches,
- bottom,
- fixed roof,
- platforms and fences on the roof, stairs,
- technological hatches and pipes.
Wall
The minimum thickness of wall sheets for RVS-100 is 4 mm. The minimum recommended dimensions of the main wall sheets are 1.5 × 6.0 m.
When designing, it is necessary to take into account the stability of the tank body for an individual combination of loads, including seismic effects, the weight of the stored product, the weight of structures and thermal insulation, excess pressure and the weight of snow cover.
To ensure the strength and stability of the tanks during operation, as well as to obtain the required geometric shape during installation, stiffening rings are installed on the walls of the tanks.
Bottom
The bottoms of vertical steel tanks with a volume of 100 m 3 can be designed flat or conical with a slope from the center to the periphery (recommended slope 1:100). At the customer's request, it is possible to produce bottoms with a slope towards the center of the tank.
RVS-100 bottoms are predominantly made in the form of a rolled panel from sheets of the same thickness without ring edges (the presence of sheets of different thicknesses in the rolled bottom panel is not allowed).
The nominal thickness of the sheets of the central part of the bottom or the bottom without edges, minus the allowance for corrosion, should be 4 mm.
Fixed roofs
Vertical tanks with a volume of 100 m3 are usually designed with two types of fixed roofs:
- frameless conical roof, the load-bearing capacity of which is ensured by the conical shell of the deck;
- frameless spherical roof, the load-bearing capacity of which is ensured by rolled decking elements forming the surface of a spherical shell;
Frameless roofs can be made from carbon or stainless steel. The use of stationary roofs made of aluminum alloys is allowed.
The nominal thickness of the roof shell is determined by calculations for strength and stability and must be at least 4 mm.
Branch pipes and hatches
The branch pipes in the wall are designed for connecting external and internal pipelines, instrumentation and other devices.
For the manufacture of pipes and hatches, seamless or straight-seam pipes and shells made from rolled sheets are used. Holes in the wall for installing pipes and hatches must be reinforced around the perimeter with sheet overlays.
In the basic configuration, RVS-100 has two product intake and distribution pipes, which are located in close proximity to the bottom in the area of the vertical bend of the wall. Nozzles with a nominal diameter of 50, 80, 100, 150 or 200 mm are recommended.
The manholes in the walls of the RVS-100 are designed for penetration into the tank during installation or for repair work. As a standard, the tank must be equipped with at least two hatches providing access to its bottom. In addition, tanks with a pontoon must also have a manhole at a height that provides access to the pontoon in its repair position. Recommended to use round hatches with diameters of 600 and 800 mm and oval hatches with dimensions of 600×900 mm.
The number, sizes and types of pipes in the roof of the RVS-100 depend on the purpose of the tank and are determined by the customer. For inspection internal space tank, its ventilation during internal work, as well as for various installation purposes, the tank must be equipped with at least two hatches in the roof. Hatches with nominal diameters of 500, 600, 800 and 1000 mm are recommended.
Pontoons
Pontoons are used in storage tanks for easily evaporating products and are designed to reduce losses from evaporation. The pontoon must have supports that allow it to be fixed in two lower positions - working and repair. .
Platforms, passages, stairs, fences
The vertical steel tank must be equipped with platforms and ladders. Tanks with a fixed roof must have a circular platform on the roof or wall, providing access to equipment located along the perimeter of the roof, and a ladder for climbing to the circular platform, as well as, if necessary, additional platforms on the roof and on the wall.
Stairs are used:
- ring- located along the tank wall
- mine- free-standing. The height of the RVS-100 wall allows the use of single-flight mine ladders.
To prevent slipping, the steps of stairs should be made of lattice metal.
A shaft ladder with a ring element with a diameter of at least 2.6 m can be used as a frame for wrapping rolled sheets during transportation.
Material version of RVS-100
For the manufacture of RVS metal structures, steels are used that meet the requirements of current standards and specifications, as well as the requirements of design documentation.
Structural elements of RVS-100 are divided into the following groups:
- A (basic structures)— wall, bottom sheets or bottom edges welded to the wall, shells of hatches and pipes in the wall and flanges for them. reinforcing linings, support rings for stationary roofs, stiffening rings, backing plates on the wall for fastening structural elements;
- B 1 (main structures)- roof frames, frameless roofs;
- B 2 (main structures)— the central part of the bottom, pontoons, anchor fastenings, shells of pipes and roof hatches, hatch covers;
- B (auxiliary structures)- stairs, platforms, passages, fences.
For group A, only calm, completely deoxidized steel is used. For group B, mild or semi-mild steel is used. For auxiliary structures, along with the above steels, taking into account the temperature operating conditions, the use of boiling steel is allowed.
The final choice of steel grades for the main structural elements is made taking into account the guaranteed minimum yield strength, rolled thickness and impact strength.
Equipment RVS-100 m 3
Depending on the characteristics of the stored product, the tank is equipped with equipment for various purposes:
- ventilation and breathing (valves, pipes),
- measuring and signaling (level gauges various types, level sensors, samplers),
- fire (emergency fire extinguishing system, foam generators, irrigation systems),
- safety (crackers with control mechanisms)
- draining/filling devices (receiving and distributing, floating intake devices),
- other technological equipment (bottom sediment erosion devices, siphon valves for draining produced water, etc.)
If it is necessary to store products with high viscosity, a heating system (registers and pipelines inside the tank) and thermal insulation can be added.
To improve product safety, recovery units can be used.
Protection of RVS-100 from corrosion
The degree of aggressive environmental influence on the elements of metal structures inside the tank and its external surfaces located in the open air may vary. Therefore, the anti-corrosion protection project for RVS-100 tanks is developed taking into account the design features, expected operating conditions and required service life.
To protect tank metal structures from corrosion, paint and varnish coatings are mainly used, as well as electrochemical protection systems using sacrificial or cathodic protection units. It is possible to use other types of anti-corrosion coatings.
To increase the service life of the tank, an increase in the thickness of the main structural elements (wall, bottom, fixed and floating roofs, pontoons) is used due to allowance for corrosion. The corrosion allowance also varies depending on the aggressiveness of the environment.
Life time protective coatings must be at least 10 years.
The Tank Structures Plant StroyTekhMash designs and manufactures vertical tanks RVS and RVSP with a volume from 100 to 5000 cubic meters. at our own production facilities. We also carry out professional installation, insulation and application of anti-corrosion coating on the internal and external surfaces of vertical tanks of the RVS type.
Vertical metal cylindrical tanks are manufactured in accordance with the requirements of Safety Rules PB 03-605-03 “Rules for the construction of vertical cylindrical steel tanks for oil and petroleum products” and GOST 31385-2008 and GOST 52910-2008 “Vertical cylindrical steel tanks for oil and petroleum products” .
The StroyTekhMash plant produces metal structures for tanks using the rolling method. The wall and bottom panels are welded on a slipway and twisted into a roll on a rolling machine metal carcass, inside which a spiral staircase is usually placed.
SPECIAL PRICE FOR VERTICAL TANK - 82 RUR/ton
PRODUCTION TIME - 10 working days
Tanks are manufactured in volumes starting from 10 cubic meters. (10 tons) up to 5000 cubic meters. (5000 tons). Construction of vertical tanks with a volume of more than 5000 cubic meters. are produced directly at their location using the sheet-by-sheet assembly method, since transportation is quite expensive and, depending on the distance, can cost more than the tank itself.
In the photo, the vertical tank RVS-2000 consists of two coils and a petal roof.
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Characteristics of typical vertical tanks (VTS)
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Designation |
Volume, cubic m |
Diameter, mm |
Height, mm |
Thickness walls, mm |
Number of belts, pcs. |
Weight, kg |
Surface area, sq. m. |
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external |
internal |
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| 4 | 8200 | |||||||
| 8500 | ||||||||
Vertical cylindrical tanks are made of various brands steel depending on the purpose and the liquid being stored. Thus, for oil and petroleum products, vertical tanks are made of black steel grades ST3 and 09G2S. For drinking water, acids and alkalis, vertical tanks are made of various grades of stainless steel, including food grade stainless steel. The thickness of the metal walls for vertical tanks varies depending on their volume, the density of the stored product and the estimated service life, and ranges from 4 mm. up to 12mm. For example, the estimated service life of a vertical tank RVS-400 for light oil products made of black steel grade ST3 with a thickness of 4 mm. is 12 years old. Every additional 2mm of metal thickness on the wall, bottom and roof of the tank adds 5 years to the design life of the tank. Although these indicators are approximate and depend on the quality of maintenance of the vertical tank and its anti-corrosion coating.
Geography of supplies of vertical tanks RVS
To date, the StroyTekhMash Tank Structures Plant has successfully manufactured and installed RVS metal structures in many cities of Russia. This list includes: Moscow, Tver, St. Petersburg, Ryazan, Tula, Kaluga, Smolensk, Voronezh, Lipetsk, Tambov, Belgorod, Saratov, Krasnodar, Rostov-on-Don, Kazan, Nizhny Novgorod, Yaroslavl, Ulyanovsk, and others cities and regions of Russia. Thanks to the highly qualified specialists of our company, the quality of manufacturing and installation of vertical RVS tanks remains at a high level.
The photo shows the installation of a vertical tank RVS-1000 in Moscow
Tanks for oil and petroleum products are an indispensable and time-tested method of storing hydrocarbons at oil bases, refineries, and enterprises. chemical industry and as a reserve for diesel fuel in boiler houses and power plants.
For the central and southern regions of Russia, tanks are made of steel grade St3ps5, and for the northern regions steel grade 09G2S is used.
The dimensions and weight of a vertical tank depend on both the volume and the thickness of the sheet steel used in their manufacture.
After graduation welding work vertical tanks are primed and coated with anti-corrosion enamel to prevent rust both outside and inside.
As a rule, tanks intended for storing water and diesel fuel are insulated and heated. Insulation is carried out with thermal insulation made of mineral wool 50mm or 100mm thick. and sheathed on top with a galvanized sheet 0.5-1mm thick.
Heating of vertical tanks is carried out either by steam using a pipe coil device at the bottom of the tank, or by an electric heating cable mounted on the outside of the wall.
A special place in our production is occupied by RVS fire tanks designed for fire extinguishing systems in office, public and administrative buildings, shopping and industrial complexes.
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| installation of RVS-200 for diesel fuel | vertical tank RVS-200 installation | vertical tank installation work |
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| RVS-400 for the Reutov heating network | RVS400 tanks with insulation |
Methods for manufacturing RVS tanks
RVS type tanks are manufactured using two methods:
1. Rolling or an industrial manufacturing method involves welding the entire wall and the entire bottom of a vertical tank in the form of a sheet spread on a slipway and further winding this sheet onto a reel.
2. The sheet-by-sheet assembly method involves assembling the bottom and wall of the RVS tank at the site of its installation by sequentially building up each sheet of metal gradually from the bottom up. This method is used if the thickness of the metal sheets from which the tank is made exceeds 10 mm, as well as when constructing vertical tanks with a volume of more than 5000 m3
In rare cases, when manufacturing RVS tanks of a non-standard design, a combination of the two methods listed above for manufacturing vertical tanks is used during production.
It is worth noting that roll production vertical tanks were developed and implemented in the mid-50s of the 20th century by the Electric Welding Institute named after E.O. Paton. Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. This method was mastered, implemented and put into mass production with subsequent installation in all regions Soviet Union. As a rule, the bottom panel is rolled into rolls of the same diameter as the walls, and they are wrapped around the central post that supports the roof of the vertical tank. Manufacturing and RVS in this order is called the industrial method.
Design of vertical tanks
The design and design bureau of the Tank Structures Plant StroyTehMash carries out the design of vertical tanks with a volume of 10 to 5000 m3. Standard designs for vertical tanks of the RVS type have existed since the 1970s and were developed by various design institutes of the USSR. But in standard projects such nuances as snow load, density of the stored product, seismic activity at the site of future installation, service life and piping of a vertical tank are not taken into account. When designing tanks, the design bureau of the StroyTekhMash Plant takes into account all the above listed nuances, as well as the individual wishes of the Customer.
Installation of vertical tanks
The Tank Structures Plant StroyTekhMash has its own mobile team for the installation of vertical tanks. Installation of RVS tanks is carried out in any month of the year, but at an ambient temperature higher than minus 15C Celsius. This is due to the quality of the applied weld; at ambient temperatures below -15C, the weld hardens too quickly and voids (so-called fistulas) remain in it. Installation work, unwinding the wall and bottom from the reel is carried out using a crane and hand winches with a vertical tank volume of up to 2000 m3, and with a volume above, tractors are used.
Vertical tanks RVS-100000 m 3 used for storing light and dark petroleum products at oil production and transportation enterprises.
Gazovik Group offers the following options for tank designs with a volume of 100,000 m3:
- RVSPK-100000 m 3 with floating roof
- RVSP-100000 m 3 with pontoon
The design, manufacture and operation of vertical cylindrical RVS tanks with a volume of 100,000 m 3 are regulated by the following state standards:
- GOST 31385-2008 "Vertical cylindrical steel tanks for oil and petroleum products. General technical conditions"
- STO 0048-2005 "Vertical cylindrical steel tanks for storing liquid products. Design rules"
- STO-SA-03-002-2009 "Rules for the design, manufacture and installation of vertical cylindrical steel tanks for oil and petroleum products"
In accordance with the above standards, RVS tanks can be used with working media with a density of up to 1015 kg/m 3 and at product temperatures from -65ºС to +260ºС. In addition, the following requirements are imposed on the RVS-100000:
- internal excess pressure should not exceed 5.0 kPa
- vacuum - no more than 0.5 kPa
- the relative vacuum in the gas space should not be more than 0.25 kPa
- RVS-100000 are not intended for storing aggressive chemical products
- it is possible to use RVS for storing formation and fire water, oil-containing wastewater, mineral products and drinking water (with proper internal covering)
- seismicity of the operating area - up to 9 points
It is also possible to use tanks for non-standard purposes, but in this case, the calculation of steel, RVS structures, treatment of internal and external surfaces, as well as the selection of the necessary technological equipment must be carried out in accordance with the standards of the Russian Federation and meet safety requirements.
Questionnaire for the supply of vertical tanks RVS
,
Design of RVS-100000 m 3
Drawing RVS-100000
The main designs of vertical tanks with a volume of 100,000 m 3 are:
- wall RVS-100000
- bottom RVS-100000
- roof RVS-100000
Auxiliary structures include:
- stairs and roof railings
- ladder to access the floating roof
- platform for mounting a foam generator
- lightning protection and grounding systems
The vertical tank RVS-100000 is a cylindrical wall installed and welded to the bottom, as well as a floating roof. Due to the large overall dimensions, the RVS-100000 wall is manufactured using the sheet-by-sheet method: the tank wall is supplied to the installation site in the form of separate rectangular steel sheets required size, each rolled into a roll; At the installation site, stage-by-stage assembly and welding of wall elements is carried out. The tank wall has several belts, the number of which depends on the width of the wall element.
Bottom of RVS-100000 is a conical structure consisting of a central part and thickened annular edges with a slope of 1:100, which, when installed, extend beyond the boundaries of the wall outward.
RVS-100000 m 3 operated with floating double deck roof due to the large wall diameter. Floating roofs are more fire- and explosion-proof (since there is no gas space between the product mirror and the lower roof deck), reduce losses during evaporation of the stored product, and also contribute to lower corrosion wear of the upper belts of the tank. The double-deck floating roof structure is a single metal structure consisting of a lower and upper deck, connected by ribs that form sealed compartments. The double-deck roof can be supplied either as separate radial and annular compartments, which are interconnected at the site of operation, or as factory-ready radial boxes to reduce installation time.
Also tanks RVS-100000 m 3 can be supplied with pontoon.
External and inner surface are treated with anti-corrosion substances (enamel, primer), which promote long-term operation and reduce the rate of corrosion of metal structures.
Overall dimensions of RVS-100000 m 3
- height - 18 m
- diameter - 85.3 m
- area S of the product mirror - 5715 m 2
- perimeter - 268 m
Additional equipment RVS-100000 m 3
For the safe operation of tanks, the necessary tank equipment is selected separately: breathing valves, fire arresters, foam generators, drain and fill fittings, instrumentation, etc.
Information for Customers
Specialists of the Gazovik Group of Companies will calculate and select for you the optimal configuration of a vertical steel tank RVS with tank equipment according to the completed Questionnaire for the RVS.
To order and buy a vertical steel tank RVS-100000 m³, you need to contact us via our toll-free hotline 8-800-555-43-93 or e-mail [email protected].
We will also select for you the most fast delivery vertical tank by rail or road to any city in Russia (Moscow, Yakutsk, Irkutsk, Surgut, Novosibirsk, Vladivostok, Murmansk, Kazan) and to the CIS countries (Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Belarus).
