Facade facing thermal panels are presented in the form of special structures that perform two important tasks - they insulate the facade of the house and are a finishing material.
Thermal panels - facade decorative elements
Metal and rusticated facade panels have gained well-deserved popularity due to their relatively low cost and high speed ongoing installation work.
1 Features of facade thermal panels
It is immediately worth mentioning that the presented metal and rusticated facade panels trademark Rockwool represent the most rational and environmentally friendly solution to the thermal insulation issue.
Before you start insulating the outer surface of your house with a product such as a façade sandwich panel, you should take into account that it can be compatible with any surface, be it stone or brick.
Insulating the facade of a house with Rockwool brand sandwich panels will give top scores, if they are secured to an additional layer of foam.
By the way, unlike foam plastic, Rockwool sandwich panels, stylized as stone or brick, significantly improve not only the heat-saving qualities of the facade, but also increase its aesthetic appeal.
In addition, the Rockwool sandwich panel can be attached to the outer surface of the facade (as opposed to foam plastic) on surfaces such as:
- Concrete;
- Expanded clay concrete;
- Classic brick on ;
- Plastered facade;
- Unplastered facade;
- Wall of a block house;
- Aerated concrete;
- Tree;
- Unfired raw brick.
Thermal panels, stylized as stone or brick, mostly have positive reviews, which is associated with a certain number of advantageous features.
For example, this may be the possibility of insulating old buildings with sandwich panels. Products such as rusticated thermal panels can, if necessary, insulate the facade of a house with a broken geometric shape.
It is almost impossible to carry out such insulation work using ordinary polystyrene foam. In particular difficult cases Maybe in order to insulate the uneven facade of the house, instead of polystyrene foam, it is first finished with lathing, which levels the working surface.
After this, the facade is covered with thermal panels or sandwich panels, which can be stylized as stone or brick.
2 Characteristics and properties of thermal panels
When finishing the outer surface of the facade with thermal panels, the period of installation work is significantly reduced.
In turn, this significantly reduces the total time spent on construction work, and as a result, its cost.
It is known that when carrying out construction work, a significant share of the costs is not only the purchase of materials and wages, but also rent scaffolding, with the help of which facade work will be carried out.
Installation of a thermal panel does not require the involvement of highly qualified workers and specialists, because you can do it yourself without much difficulty.
For this, by by and large You will need a minimum set of the most common tools. During installation you cannot do without:
- Electric drills;
- Construction knife;
- Hammer;
- Screwdrivers as shown.
Before you start installing insulation, you need to make sure that the surface of the walls is smooth and free of significant flaws.
Facade panels can be secured using glue, polystyrene foam or dowels. It is known that the presented panels cost significantly less than traditional brickwork, therefore, after carrying out simple calculations, you can find out the percentage of cost savings when carrying out insulation in this way.
The insulation, presented in the form of thermal panels, completely relieves the owner of the mandatory need associated with periodic repairs of the facade and restoration of the outer surface of the walls.
However, if the work is carried out without complying with the technology requirements, the insulating coating may be subject to deformation.
The presented material has a long service life, which is equal to more than fifty years, while maintaining the original color.
2.1 Product reviews
As already mentioned, reviews of facade panels with insulation are mostly positive.
Pavel, 45 years old, Izhevsk:
I recently purchased a resale home Vacation home. I decided to make it major renovation before check-in. When it came to insulating the facade, I bought and installed Rockwool thermal panels. Excellent insulation and, moreover, pleasing to the eye.
Sergey, 50 years old, Kramatorsk:
Recently, the old heating system began to cope with its task poorly. I took up the external insulation of the facade. Rockwool sandwich panel was used as insulation. Now in all rooms optimal temperature. I recommend this insulation to everyone.
Vladimir, 43 years old, Zhitomir:
I am the foreman of a small construction team. We work mainly on private orders. When it comes to external insulation of house facades, we use Rockwool thermal panels. These products have long proven themselves to be the best. Customers are always satisfied, the material is excellent, we have no complaints about its quality.
2.2 Clinker thermal panels
The presented type of panels has clinker tiles as a decorative layer. If we talk about the degree of resistance to aggressive influences environment, then clinker is superior in performance to some types of natural stone.
This material has a large number of colors and is made using slate clay. Such raw materials are currently mined in Northwestern Europe.
This suggests that clinker is absolutely environmentally friendly material, which does not contain harmful chemical additives and impurities.
It is created by implementing the high-temperature firing method. Clinker panels exhibit high performance mechanical strength, with a low water absorption value.
This material is characterized by pronounced frost resistance and the ability to retain its properties throughout its entire service life.
In addition to the fact that clinker panels exhibit excellent thermal insulation and aesthetic properties, they demonstrate high noise insulation qualities.
In addition, the material acts as additional waterproofing. This material is used not only as insulation and decorative element facade, but also for interior finishing work.
2.3 Thermal panels with porcelain tiles
Ceramic granite is another type of insulation ceramic tiles. It is made from high-quality raw materials, during the process of firing, exposure high temperatures and pressure.
The result is a very densely compressed material that is practically immune to harmful environmental influences.
These indicators significantly exceed natural natural stones. The presented thermal panels are especially appreciated by those home owners who prefer to design a façade that has a detailed textured surface.
Thermal panels made from porcelain tiles differ large sizes, which easily allows them to imitate masonry.
Typically, these products are used in homes whose appearance is oriented towards Mediterranean or scandinavian styles. Despite the substantial size of the slabs, they weigh little, which makes it easy to install them with your own hands.
2.4 Thermal panels with glazed tiles
This type of thermal panels is currently very popular. Their use is especially relevant in the process of finishing low-rise buildings.
The popularity of this material was already noticed in the 60s of the last century. Glazed tiles are different smooth surface and has its heterogeneity color range, which gives the facade of the house a resemblance to natural brickwork.
This material is characterized by good appearance, ease of installation work, high strength characteristics and a minimum number of shortcomings.
2.5 Facade insulation using clinker thermal panels (video)
Sandwich panels are produced by manufacturers ready-to-use, so the issue of finishing in some cases does not arise at all. For example, during construction production premises. The product is three-layer construction, consisting of two sheets of galvanized steel and a heat-insulating layer between them. Used as insulation basalt wool or foamed synthetic materials: expanded polystyrene, polyurethane foam and others.
The front surfaces can be smooth or grooved, coated with polymer resins. Due to this, the slabs are produced in various colors, which allows you to create interesting geometric combinations on the outside of the building. Developers take advantage of this quality industrial enterprises, so as not to additionally solve the question of how to finish the sandwich panels. It's a completely different matter when we're talking about on the construction of private houses. If outside you can still get by with the appearance of the slabs themselves, then inside the premises they should certainly be covered.
Area of use
Sandwich panels are used in construction frame houses, as a filler between drains and cross members of the main frame. They are used for exterior finishing as self-constructed or as part of a suspended ventilated facade. This material serves as both insulation and cladding. There are special three-layer roofing products. Both of them are equipped with all kinds of additional elements and layouts, so that during installation you can close the joints and decorate the edges, corners, and transitions. In addition, the products themselves are produced with tongue-and-groove locks, so they are easily and tightly mounted. They can be attached to the sheathing or to a flat surface, if it is level.
Recently, insulated slabs have become often used for interior work. They are used to make internal partitions, stationary and mobile, and they are used to insulate external walls from inside the premises, as well as balconies and loggias. It has become especially popular to use sandwich panels for finishing windows, or rather, slopes. In this case, sandwiches are used with outer layers not of metal, but of plastic and with more thin layer insulation.
Slope cladding
With the advent of plastic windows, the problem immediately arose of how and with what the slopes should be finished. We tried everything - and high quality plaster, And plastic panels and many other options. But the most The best decision came with the advent of three-layer material. Finishing with sandwich panels window slopes At the same time it eliminates “cold bridges” and gives the window opening a complete look. The work is simple and quite affordable to do it yourself. The cladding of window slopes should be done before finishing the walls. These works are done in this order:
- all surfaces around the window frame are cleaned from dust, dirt, and solution build-up;
- a window sill is installed; Most often, a solution based on cement and lime is used for this; to avoid sagging, metal strips are laid under the window sill, and for insulation, the lower part and sides are wrapped in felt; Before use, the insulation is impregnated with an antiseptic to prevent it from rotting and the appearance of insects;
- sealing of voids and junctions between the window and the window sill and the opening is carried out using polyurethane foam; the frozen foam is cut flush with the main surfaces with a painting knife;
- sandwich panels are cut according to preliminary measurements top and sides; the material can be cut very well with a jigsaw or metal file;
- work begins from the upper slope: the starting slope is attached to the frame with self-tapping screws plastic profile, into which the sandwich is inserted the right size with a slight slope; the internal gap is filled with mounting foam or liquid nails and pressed against the wall;
- the side parts of the slope finishing are fastened in a similar way; you need to ensure that the slopes fit tightly to the sides of the opening, and excess adhesives should be removed immediately and thoroughly;
- They finish lining the slopes with sandwich panels by attaching the finishing frame in the form of corners to liquid nails.
There are other ways to install window slopes using brackets, sheathing and other devices. But these methods are more complex and time-consuming. They are used in special cases when the design of the window opening or frame requires it.
From the above it is clear what to do with your own hands and installation work installing window sills and window slopes is not such a terrible problem. Moreover, this method of protecting a window opening is successfully used not only for plastic frames, but also for wooden ones. This means that you can build a beautiful frame for a window block without changing the window itself. Moreover, manufacturers have learned to design the front surfaces of sandwiches in the most different colors and shades, including “wood, marble, granite.” The plastic used is glossy, semi-gloss, matte. Cladding with sandwich slabs window openings can be matched to any interior style.
Interior wall decoration from sandwiches
The premises of frame houses, the outer walls of which are made of “sandwich” slabs, are undoubtedly subject to interior decoration. Since the panel itself inside the room will look too dull and official. At the same time, methods and materials can be absolutely any. Will only be needed for finishing preliminary preparation. Let’s say it’s impossible to paste wallpaper onto sandwiches. Therefore, first you will have to cover the walls with plasterboard. It may be necessary to accept additional measures For better insulation walls For this purpose, a layer of insulation is laid between the frame profiles, and then it is covered with sheets of plasterboard. The following is the standard procedure: sealing the joints with putty with reinforcing tape, grouting the heads of the screws and wallpapering, tiling, textured plaster, painting over finishing putty.
Some interior styles require the presence of a large amount of wood. In this case, the owner of the house can use his talent and cover the walls with beautiful lining, imitation timber, wooden wallpaper. To do this, you need to arrange a frame of beams along the surfaces of the walls, arranging them in such a way that the cladding lies as intended - in a vertical or horizontal position. If the building was built in frame version and does not require additional insulation, then it is not necessary to arrange the sheathing, but wood cladding can be attached to frame posts. All work can be done with your own hands, showing maximum imagination. The main thing is to select materials with taste and install them according to all the rules of finishing art.
The advent of sandwich panels made it possible to construct buildings very quickly. Today, thanks to wall and roof panels, not only warehouses, pavilions, terminals and other industrial structures are built, but also private houses. Such wide distribution of sandwich panels is due to a lot of advantages: speed and ease of installation, lightness of construction, aesthetics and cost-effectiveness of the material, excellent heat and sound insulation qualities. The constantly growing demand for the material has led to an increase in the range, and today, without preparation, you can only decide on the color, and there are more than 600 shades available. But here how to choose a sandwich panel With the right type insulation, suitable thickness and profile?
No. 1. Sandwich panel production technology
- This is a multilayer material consisting of a layer of insulation covered on both sides with metal or PVC. Its quality depends not only on the raw materials used, but also on the production method. At the moment, sandwich panels are produced in the following ways:
No. 2. Type of facing material
As facing material can be used sheets of steel, plastic, plasterboard orOSB panels. Naturally, metal sheets
the most durable, their thickness varies from 0.5 to 0.7 mm, and performance largely depends on the type and thickness of the anti-corrosion coating. Usually steel sheets galvanized, and the thicker the zinc layer, the more durable the panels will be. Alternatively it is used aluminum zinc coating(galvaluma), which was specially developed to protect sandwich panels and perfectly resists the effects of atmospheric moisture and sun rays.
Also used Galfan coating(an alloy of zinc, aluminum, lanthanum and cerium), which, with a smaller thickness, surpasses zinc coating in ductility and resistance to mechanical damage. Often panels are also coated with polymer over a layer of protective alloy. In this way, an improvement in weather resistance is achieved.
Drywall allows you to get lighter sandwich panels, but they can only be used for installation internal partitions. OSB panels(oriented strand boards) - the base, which also includes polystyrene foam insulation. The structural features of OSB boards allow them to securely hold fasteners, thereby increasing strength finished building. Such sandwich panels are used for arranging floors, walls and roofs.
No. 3. Type of insulation
The insulation layer can vary in thickness from 5 to 30 cm, and sandwich panels with a thickness of more than 15 cm are used mainly in the arrangement of refrigeration chambers. The following materials can be used as insulation:
- polystyrene;
They all have a certain set of advantages and disadvantages. So, mineral wool does not support combustion and is environmentally friendly; rodents will not live in this. One of the disadvantages is hygroscopicity, so great attention must be paid to the tightness of the finished structure, because when moisture is absorbed, the thermal insulation properties deteriorate. However, it is mineral wool that is most often used today domestic producers in the production of sandwich panels.
Polystyrene– durable, moisture-proof material with high thermal insulation properties. It is susceptible to the negative effects of sunlight, but thanks to the sheathing of steel sheets, this disadvantage can be avoided. Polystyrene burns easily, releasing toxic substances; rodents can live in it.
Polyurethane foam is in great demand in a number of European countries, as it has a minimum of disadvantages with a huge number of advantages, for which it is so loved in European countries. Among the advantages of the material, it is worth highlighting its resistance to moisture: even if water seeps into the insulation, it will not cause any negative consequences. This type of insulation is very light, which simplifies the transportation of panels, their installation, and reduces the load on the foundation. The main advantage is low thermal conductivity, 2 times lower than that of mineral wool, and 1.5 times lower than that of polystyrene. Polyisocyanurate, a type of polyurethane foam, has self-extinguishing properties, and it is this material that is increasingly used today as insulation for sandwich panels. In addition, the insulation will not become a place for development. Among the disadvantages, it is worth highlighting the possibility of damage by rodents.
No. 4. What is the difference between roofing and wall sandwich panels?
The basic principle of constructing wall and roofing sandwich panels the same, but still there are some differences in the design that make it preferable to use some panels for roofing and others for roofing.
The first difference is the profile steel sheet
. For the construction of walls, smooth sheets or log-shaped sheets and microwaves are used. Roof panels have a high profile for greater strength and stability so that the roof can handle heavy snow weight in winter. The steel sheets can be profiled on both sides for even greater stability. In addition, for roofing panels Higher density insulation is used.
Another difference is the type of lock, which connects the panels. Roofing sandwich panels are distinguished by a more complex lock, which is necessary in order to overcome the pressure of the atmosphere and precipitation. Also roofing panels feature an even thicker anti-corrosion layer than wall panels.
No. 5. Required parameters of sandwich panels
For building walls sandwich panels with a width of 1.1 and 1.5 m are used, but the length can vary widely - from 2 to 18.5 m, so that you can easily and simply build a building with any necessary parameters. Width roofing sandwich panels, as a rule, is 1 m, length - from 1 to 16 m. In addition, it is important to remember that when installing roofing panels, you must adhere to a slope of 7 degrees.
If everything is more or less clear with the length and width, and their choice depends on the parameters of the building that needs to be built, then here selection of panel thickness– this is a more responsible process. This parameter is calculated on the basis of thermal engineering calculations: it is labor-intensive, but not the most complex, and requires taking into account many factors. The calculation method is easy to find on the Internet, and even easier - use a special calculation calculator or seek help from specialists.
When choosing panel thickness, you must take into account the purpose of the building, the planned internal temperature, climatic features of the region,
thermal conductivity coefficient, etc. For example, if the building is located in the Moscow region, and the temperature inside it is planned to be +18 0 C, then the thickness wall panels with mineral wool insulation should be 15 cm, with polystyrene foam insulation - 12 cm. Under similar conditions, the thickness of roofing sandwich panels with mineral wool insulation will be 25 cm, with polystyrene foam insulation - 18 cm.
When selecting the required thickness it is also important take into account the costs of
Installation of PVC windows – great way keep warm internal space living space, because plastic windows characterized by high tightness. But besides this, to maintain heat in the house and increase energy saving indicators, it is very important to correctly perform the slopes.
This is a fundamental point. And that's why. The window frame is inserted into the opening using polyurethane foam, and it is not recommended to leave the foam open - it is destroyed under the influence of sunlight. In addition, polyurethane foam has the ability to accumulate moisture, which can subsequently lead to the spread of mold and mildew in the house.
Slopes are the inner walls of the niche into which the window frame is inserted. There are different methods for processing window slopes.
Making slopes is an extremely important task. The energy saving indicators of the living space and its sound insulation will depend on how well the slopes are made and what materials were used.
The easiest way to finish slopes is plastering plaster mixture or putty. Plastering is very affordable way, however, is very inefficient in terms of energy conservation. Such slopes, unfortunately, are characterized poor thermal insulation. Plaster is a fragile material and can crack over time, which leads to the need for periodic corrective actions.
To ensure good thermal insulation when making slopes, it is necessary to use additional materials in the work, due to which it will be possible to provide the insulation function. In other words, insulation is the use of thermal elements that are mounted with slopes and are subsequently plastered. Next, the article will discuss how to properly insulate window slopes.
There are two types of work for this operation:
- external works;
- internal work.
The materials used for insulating slopes are:
- drywall;
- mineral wool;
- Styrofoam;
- expanded polystyrene;
- sandwich panels.
External insulation of slopes
External thermal insulation of slopes is carried out in several approaches. First, you need to prepare the working surface - clean it from dirt, dust, foam residues, and uneven surfaces.
For external insulation, as a rule, polystyrene foam or polystyrene foam is used, which is attached to work surface through liquid nails. Use of perforated plastic corners will help you achieve perfectly even levels.
The work process is as follows:
- gluing prepared foam sheets with outside slope;
- if there are cracks, fill the cavity with an adhesive solution;
- securing the reinforcing mesh to the surface of the foam sheet;
- carrying out plastering;
- carrying out staining
The second step in insulating window slopes is carrying out internal work.
Internal insulation of slopes
1. Plasterboard insulation
A fairly common option for finishing slopes is using plasterboard.
Drywall is a material whose structure consists of two sheets of construction cardboard with a core of solid gypsum. It should be noted that this material is quite delicate, as it does not tolerate moisture well and can swell and lose its original shape. There is moisture-resistant gypsum cardboard, which contains antifungal substances and silicone granules, but it would be useful to use when finishing additional materials, for example, a moisture-resistant primer.
Insulation technology
Insulation of window slopes consists of several stages. For self-execution work will require a standard set of tools: tape measure, painting knife, wooden blocks, a roll of tape, several
packages of polyurethane foam, as well as sealant, moisture-resistant primer and possibly gypsum plaster.
The insulation process occurs according to the following scheme:
2.Insulation with mineral wool
Types of mineral wool
Mineral wool is a popular material that is characterized by two important, linearly dependent characteristics - thermal insulation coefficient and volume. There are three types of mineral wool:
- Soft type - high insulation coefficient and large volume.
- The semi-rigid type - compressed material - takes up less volume, due to which it loses its thermal insulation properties.
- The rigid type is a thin material, but also ineffective at providing thermal insulation. As a rule, it is used only in combination with other insulation materials.
Insulation technology
The method of insulating window slopes using mineral wool is similar to the above-described technology of insulating with plasterboard, with the only difference being that between the wall and the sheet finishing material it is necessary to lay a layer of the material in question. In order for insulation to be effective, it is necessary to take into account some nuances:
3. Insulation with foam plastic
Types of foam. Properties
Foam plastic is a whole class polymer materials, which are essentially cellular foamed plastic mass.
In addition to the economic benefits, the advantages of the material include:
- high thermal insulation properties;
- materials are non-toxic;
- light weight of materials, ease of installation and fastening;
Compared to polystyrene foam, polystyrene will gain large quantity glasses, since the material is not so fragile, more flexible and durable.
Insulation of slopes with polystyrene foam. Technology
The insulation method is identical to those described above. Sheets of material are mounted on a slope using glue with further plastering or covered with sheets of plasterboard.
When insulating window slopes in a relatively warm climate region, two layers of material will be sufficient; in colder climates, polystyrene must be combined with other insulation materials, for example, mineral wool.
4. Insulation using sandwich panels
The concept of sandwich panels. Kinds
A very effective and modern way to insulate window designs is insulation with sandwich panels.
Sandwich panels are construction material with a complex structure consisting of two sheets of rigid material (often PVC) and a layer of insulation. All elements of the material are connected by pressing - cold or hot.
According to their purpose, sandwich panels are classified into:
- roofing;
- wall – used in finishing works
The following is used as insulation in these panels:
- mineral wool;
- expanded polystyrene;
- fiberglass
The advantages of sandwich panels include:
- good thermal insulation and sound insulation;
- safety for humans;
- lack of reaction to exposure to chemical environments, as well as mold and mildew
- the gap between the wall and the sandwich material is eliminated using some kind of heat insulator, for example, mineral wool;
- the outer side of the slopes is covered with an F-shaped profile to achieve an aesthetic effect
Before insulating window slopes, you need to measure the width of the gap. It should be noted that the choice of insulation is often associated with precisely this indicator, and therefore, with a gap of about 40 mm or more, it would be more reasonable to use polystyrene foam or expanded polystyrene. If the gap is less than the specified dimensions, mineral wool is used.
Thus, insulation of slopes is an important and necessary matter. For the result to be effective, work must be carried out simultaneously with internal and outside window design.
If, with the onset of cold weather, the temperature in your apartment tends to zero, then you have a choice - make all the rooms have heaters and wrap yourself in a blanket, or thoroughly insulate your living space. Let's look at the list in order possible problems heat loss in the apartment.
Common causes of cold in an apartment
High-altitude work1. The first and most common reason is cracks in window frames. If you do not have the opportunity to install sealed double-glazed windows, then seal the gaps between the frames yourself. To do this, you can use foam rubber, paper or pieces of fabric. Take one of the listed materials, roll it tightly and place it in the gap between the frame and the window opening. Seal the cracks on top with strong construction tape. This will significantly reduce the flow of cold air into the apartment, but will not provide complete thermal insulation.
2. If you live in panel house, then the second common cause of cold in an apartment may be poor-quality seams between the slabs. It is your responsibility to seal external seams. Management Company. But, as a rule, the procedure for completing and signing an application for such work can last a very long time.
3. If you want to solve this problem quickly, you can contact a construction company that seals the seams between panels using industrial climbing methods.
4. However, even all the measures described above may not be enough for insulation corner apartment on the 7th-14th floor. Wind gusts at this altitude are much more intense, and the water is heating system, rising from the first floor, it has time to cool down considerably. Therefore, you need to thoroughly insulate not only the windows and interpanel seams, but also the walls themselves. Sandwich panels can be used to insulate walls.
5. You can fix sandwich panels on cold walls inside the apartment. This is a relatively new, but easy to process construction raw material. Moreover, this is the most economical option, because you produce everything yourself construction works and pay only for the material. But the thickness of the sandwich panel can reach 25 cm. This means that the area of the room along the entire length of the wall will be reduced by exactly that amount.
6. If you are not ready to part with part usable area your apartment, then you can contact a construction company, and the sandwich panels will be fixed on the outside. This is an expensive procedure, but at the same time it is the only effective method allowing to insulate old apartment Upstairs.
For more complex and unknown reasons, it is possible to detect cold places in the apartment using a thermal imager, which can easily identify areas of heat loss. The only downside is that it costs this device decent money, but you can call a service that will give a comprehensive answer about the cold zones in the apartment and places of heat loss.
