What childhood diseases give disability. Heart disease, which give disability. Diagnoses for children

Partial or complete disability. Disability can be temporary or permanent. An occupational disability is a disability resulting from an occupational disease, industrial poisoning, or an occupational injury.

Disability can be caused by illness or injury. In order to improve the quality of life of people with disabilities, there are special state programs that provide support for people with disabilities and their adaptation to the conditions of modern society. Disability is often not a sentence at all. And with some support, such people can lead a fairly active lifestyle. In this article, we will analyze in which cases a person can apply for a disability, what kind of assistance he can count on, what opportunities exist today for the adaptation and socialization of disabled people.

In Russia, there is a whole list of legislative acts regulating the conditions under which a person is recognized as a disabled person, as well as benefits for the disability group and other rights. Other countries have also adopted legislation on the issue of disability, but they have some differences from Russian ones.

Disability: List of Diseases

In order to determine whether a particular disease can become the basis for disability, it is important to understand that disability is not due to the presence of a disease, but due to the limitations that arise as a result of this pathology. These dysfunctions include:

• Mental disorders, which include loss of intelligence, problems with memory and thinking, impairments of consciousness, leading to the loss of the ability to perform completely normal functions.
• Speech disorders. Diseases and injuries leading to complete or partial loss of voice, as well as violations of written speech.
• Disorders of any type of analyzers. If a person has impaired hearing or vision, other sensitivity suffers (impaired tactile sensitivity, problems with pain threshold, etc.), he can also get a disability.
• Physical imbalances, deformation of body parts, interfering with the full implementation of motor functions.

Persons suffering from various types of diseases and pathologies of the body can get disability due to the above reasons. The list of diseases of the disabled may include:

• Respiratory diseases
• Problems in the circulatory system
• Digestive system diseases
• Diseases of an immunological nature
• Disruption of the normal state of connective tissue
• Lesions of the central nervous system
• Mental disorders
• Visual impairment
• Hearing impairment and related speech pathologies
• Endocrine diseases
• Skin diseases
• Problems with the musculoskeletal system
• Oncological diseases and other neoplasms

Depending on how much a particular disease interferes with the normal life of a person, on the basis of an examination, one or another category of disability is assigned to him.

Can degrees of disability change

A specific disability group is assigned on the basis of a conclusion made by a medical and social examination. The purpose of the survey, which is conducted by ITU representatives, is to provide a comprehensive assessment of the health status of the person who applied to them. Since most people with disabilities need regular confirmation of the group, they visit this commission at regular intervals. If in the course of the subsequent examination it is revealed that the person's condition has improved (basically, it is not about physical recovery, but about the fact that the patient has better adapted to social conditions, has become more resistant to the disease psychologically, and has also learned to perform some actions), the rights of medical and social examination include the lowering of the group.

Increasing the group is also within the competence of the ITU and occurs if the next examination confirmed the deterioration of the patient's condition. Very often this applies to progressive diseases, for example, Parkinson's disease, in which a gradual deterioration of the patient's condition is inevitable.

Those who undergo a medical and social examination do not always agree with the change in the category of disability. Most often this applies to those individuals who have received a group demotion; if a person or his representatives (in the case of confirmed incapacity) consider such a change in category unlawful, they can appeal this decision in other divisions of medical and social expertise - for example, in the main or federal bureau.

Disability is not an integral category and implies the division into several groups of disability in accordance with the restrictions that the corresponding pathologies of the body impose on the life, ability to work and legal capacity of a person.

How many disability groups are there

How many disability groups are there? In Russia, a classification has been adopted that includes three groups of disability. The criteria for each of these groups, as well as the benefits, payments and other benefits due to the appointment of such a group, are determined by the relevant law. At the same time, those who want to fully use their benefits for the disability group are advised to closely monitor changes in legislation, since the laws are periodically reviewed and supplemented.

1 group of disabilities

Disability group 1 is assigned to citizens with the most severe health problems. Health problems and pathology of the body entail the need for constant support and assistance, a certain social protection due to a significant limitation of life.

According to the law, disability group 1 is assigned to persons who face the following violations and restrictions in their daily life:

• The impossibility of self-service, including household. A person constantly needs help from outside (for example, relatives or social workers), including in such moments as the implementation of physiological needs.
• Movement problems. People with disabilities of the 1st group often cannot move independently.
• Disorders of orientation in space. In such a situation, a person constantly suffers from the fact that he cannot navigate in an unfamiliar, and sometimes in a familiar environment, so he needs the support of outsiders.
• Impossibility of communication. For those who are assigned 1 disability group, the severity of this factor leads to a complete inability to communicate.
• Significant violations of self-control. Some disorders, including brain damage, entail an inability to control one's own behavior, while the disease also determines the inability to somehow correct this moment.
• A person is unable to carry out labor activity, or it is contraindicated for him in any form. Education of such people is also impossible.

If the results of the examination are sufficient to assign a disability group 1 to a person, the next re-examination is appointed in two years. For this period, a person receives an appropriate document confirming his / her disabled status, as well as an individually developed rehabilitation program. If the commission did not consider the health disorders sufficient to assign 1 disability group in this particular case, but the disabled person himself considers this decision to be erroneous, he has the right to file a complaint within 30 days to the main office.

2 group of disabilities

Group 2 of disability is formalized if, in contrast to the first category, the severity of pathologies and diseases of the body is moderate. These disorders include:

• Moderate restriction in movement. Assistance to such persons with disabilities is only partially required, for example, when using public transport. In a familiar environment, independent movement is possible.
• Problems with maintaining an adequate perception of the environment without assistance.
• Limited communication options. The transmission and receipt of information by disabled persons of the second group, experiencing similar difficulties, is partially possible, but the help of unauthorized persons is required.
• The ability to learn and master new skills is limited, often such people are educated at home or in special institutions, where a special educational environment is created for them, certain programs are used and aids are used.
• Partly participation in the labor force is possible, mainly under the condition of a specially created environment with a certain degree of automation or the constant support of other people.

Disability group 2 is assigned for a year, after which, to confirm the category, you will need to undergo re-examination.

3 group of disabilities

Disability group 3 includes people with health disorders that impose minor restrictions on a person's life and ability to work. In addition, it is assumed that such people require social assistance and support in the implementation of a number of activities of a domestic or labor nature.

The features of the disabled of the third group are:

• The ability to serve oneself. Such people do not always need the help of another person, but various aids are often relevant.
• The ability to move around yourself. However, in contrast to a healthy person, the same section of the path will take a disabled person of the third group more time and energy; you may need to make several stops to break one long interval into several short ones and to regain strength during the pause.
• The possibility of training, provided that a special regime is created for the disabled of the third group or special means are used.
• The ability to perform labor activities. As a rule, this is a job that does not require high qualifications and significant workload; often those who have received the third group of disability have to part with their own profession and change their field of activity to something simpler.

Persons with disabilities of the third group are able to navigate in space and time with the condition that they require the use of aids (for example, for visually impaired, these can be special glasses). Their communication with other people is also possible, but the amount of information they can receive, assimilate and transmit is lower than that of a healthy person; the information transfer rate can also be lower.

Re-examination of disabled persons of the third group is carried out no more often than once a year.

Depending on how impaired the working capacity, there are working groups of disability and those in which it is impossible to work. Only disabled people of the first group cannot work, regardless of the specifics of the position, while the second group is considered depending on the degree of disability. If a disabled person of the second group is awarded the first degree, then it is understood that this person is able to work under the following conditions:

• the required qualifications will be lower than for workers without a disability category
• performing actions and duties will not require significant effort.

The second degree of disability for group 2 implies that a disabled person can be officially employed in a position in which it is possible to create special conditions, as well as equip a workplace with certain technical means.

Group 3 of disability also has several degrees, however, in general, it is defined as a working group of disability, taking into account the partial loss of the ability of a person with this group to perform professional duties. For such persons, in agreement with the employer, part-time work may be established; also a reduction in working hours is possible based on the results of a medical report.

In modern legislation there are clear guidelines on what procedure must be followed when registering a disability. This implies a certain order of actions, as well as the collection of documents necessary for obtaining a disability.

Primary disability

If a person has certain prerequisites for getting a disability, then he is already being observed by some of the specialist doctors. The attending physician, provided that there is no effect from long-term adequate treatment, concludes that there is a persistent pathology that imposes a restriction on a person's vital activity, in accordance with which he draws up a referral for a medical and social examination. However, if a person is denied a referral in a hospital, he receives a certificate with which he can apply for disability registration on his own. If, due to the severity of the violations, a person cannot apply for the registration of disability himself, all procedures are assigned to his legal representative.

In the bureau of medical and social expertise, in addition to a referral (or certificate), it will be necessary to provide an identity document and a statement of the appropriate form, as well as other documents that have a positive impact on the decision of the commission.

Documents are usually submitted at the place of residence, but the option of submitting them is also possible at the place of temporary registration. The period during which a person must be invited for a medical and social examination is no more than a month from the date the documents were submitted.

Medical and social examination can be carried out on the territory of the office. If the person applying for disability is unable to arrive at the specified location, the check can be carried out at home, as well as in absentia. If medical data confirm the presence of some kind of disease, which led to a persistent disorder of body functions and certain disorders of life, as well as the need for social protection, the commission makes a decision on the establishment of a specific group of disability. The decision of the commission is certified by a certificate. If the disability has not been confirmed, the person can receive a certificate with the results of the examination; if the applicant for disability (or his legal representative) does not agree with the results, he can appeal the decision.

Since not only adults, but also children may encounter disorders that lead to permanent limitation of life activity (moreover, some of them practically from birth), the legislation provides for the possibility of obtaining the category of a disabled child. The procedure for registering a disability in this case is similar to that which adults go through when they receive a disability. Initially, the child undergoes certain doctors, the conclusion of which is necessary to confirm the disease. Naturally, in this case, parents or guardians of the child apply for a referral for medical and social examination.

After all the necessary specialists, analyzes and examinations have been passed, the pediatrician observing the child draws up a conclusion and an epicrisis, which are certified by the head of the polyclinic. In parallel with this, a certificate is issued for an individual rehabilitation program. Only at this stage can you sign up for a medical and social examination.

The following documents must be submitted to ITU:

• a statement from the parents or legal representatives / guardians of the child
• outpatient card
• birth certificate or passport upon reaching the appropriate age
• uniform from the children's clinic
• school characteristic, which is required only if the disease and the corresponding restrictions manifested themselves during the period of the child's schooling

The procedure for passing the commission is the same as for disabled adults. When the validity period of the certificate of disability expires, the child is required to undergo a re-examination.

What group of disability is given for work injuries

An occupational injury, just like a congenital or acquired illness, can lead to disability. Labor injuries, as well as occupational diseases acquired due to the specifics of production, impose certain restrictions on the performance of work duties, therefore, in order to confirm the fact of disability and clarify which group of disability corresponds to the violation, the victim has the right to contact the bureau for a medical and social examination ...

If changes in the body, anatomical defects and other disorders are irreversible, rehabilitation measures are not effective, and the prognosis is disappointing, a certain percentage of limitation of professional work ability is established for such a person. This percentage has no statute of limitations, that is, it is set indefinitely.

100-85% of disability is accrued to persons with disabilities who were assigned the first group, based on the need for continuous care or assistance.

80-65% of the loss of working capacity is received by those who have been established with the second group of disability. Such people only partially need help and care, since they have retained the ability not only to perform certain actions to serve themselves, but also a certain ability to work - but only in specially created conditions.

60-30% of disability is assigned to disabled persons of the third group. Such people may well continue to work in production, but do less work or move on to duties that require lower qualifications.

If disability has not been established, however, due to occupational illness or occupational injury, a person is able to perform work a little slower than before (or slightly simpler operations are available to him than he performed before), 25% of the loss of professional ability to work is established. This figure rises to 40%, if for one person the work in production entailed not one, but several occupational diseases or injuries.

Most people with disabilities are required to undergo a regular re-assessment procedure so that the disability group (or non-disability) is established based on the person's current health status and their respective needs for service and care. Disabled persons of the first category undergo re-examination every two years, the second - and third - annually. The re-assessment procedure is identical to the initial disability determination procedure.

There are categories of persons who are exempted from re-examination at the legislative level. First of all, these are men over the age of 60; for women, the age threshold is 55 years and older. Secondly, people whose disability is established due to anatomical defects recognized as irreversible are not subject to re-examination. However, if there is a fact of forgery of documents (submission of deliberately false information about health and the need for care and rehabilitation measures), then even for the above categories, a re-examination procedure may be assigned.

Removing disability

If a person with one or another group of disabilities feels a steady improvement in health during rehabilitation activities, and his ability to work returns, he has the right to apply for disability removal. The easiest option is not to apply for a new re-examination at the moment when it is due; in this case, the person does not receive an extension of the disability group. But this method of action is only suitable if the disability group has a certain period of validity.

When the term for re-examination has not yet come, but a person wants to apply for the removal of a disability group, he can apply to the appropriate bodies of medical and social examination. This must be done no later than a couple of months before the date of re-examination; if the disability is established compulsorily, the person has the right to apply at any time. After consideration of this application, a medical and social examination is carried out, and if its results demonstrate the return of working capacity and the absence of the need for care, the disability can be officially withdrawn.

Since disability implies limited ability to work, this means that such a person cannot fully work and provide for their needs. Therefore, the state provides for a system of social assistance, which can be implemented in different ways, including benefits and disability benefits.

Disability benefits

Depending on which disability group is assigned to a person, he or she is entitled to certain benefits. Some services are provided free of charge, while others are partially paid.

Benefits for disabled people of the first group provide primarily social benefits:

• obtaining the necessary medicines and other products that are required to organize the rehabilitation process.
• vouchers to sanatoriums and resorts for the treatment of actual health problems and prevention of complications.
• free travel (when using suburban transport, intercity transport). The person who accompanies the disabled person also has the right to free travel and voucher, since the first group most often determines the inability of the disabled person to move without support.

In addition, people with disabilities of the first group have tax benefits. So, they are exempt from paying property tax, but they still have to pay the land tax, however, at a reduced cost.

Those disabled of the first group who live in Moscow can receive a so-called social card, specially created in order to facilitate the implementation of benefits for disabled people. This card is necessary in order not to pay for travel on public transport, as well as to receive discounts in various institutions.

Disabled people of the first group have the right to enroll in educational institutions out of competition; they also receive a scholarship to study.

Disabled people of the 2nd group can count on free travel in any city public transport, as well as to purchase tickets for other transport at a discount. They also have benefits for medicines and other medical supplies, some of which are free. Disability benefits for medicines may be issued.

A person with a disability of the second group can apply for a free voucher to a sanatorium, a rest home, a resort, for which it will be necessary to submit documents to the social security authorities. As well as for the disabled of group 1, for the second group it is envisaged to enter educational institutions out of competition, but this does not exempt them from the need to successfully pass exams for the chosen specialty.

For disabled people of the third group, benefits are provided for receiving medicines, as well as for using household and medical services, free treatment in sanatoriums for an appropriate voucher. They are eligible for travel benefits.

Since many disabled people with the third group work, they have certain benefits in the field of labor legislation. Thus, the employer does not have the right to assign a probationary period to an applicant with a third disability group; at the request of the disabled person, he can be assigned a reduced schedule or part-time work. If the position provides for overtime work, including the need for night shifts, such a schedule should be established solely with the consent of the disabled person. They also have the right to take leave at any time without relying on the vacation schedule for other employees in their calculations. If the state of health deteriorates sharply, the employer is obliged to terminate the employment contract with the disabled person, not to interfere with this and not to assign him a working period. A workplace for a disabled person should be designed and equipped taking into account recommendations for his rehabilitation.

Disability pension by group

One of the measures to support disabled people is to assign them pension payments. The disability pension can be social, labor or government-assigned.

A social pension is charged to all categories of disabled people, including disabled children and those who received a disability in childhood. However, only those citizens who permanently reside in Russia can receive a social pension. Moreover, even if the disabled person works and receives a certain salary, earnings will not affect this type of pension. The size of the disability pension is constantly changing by group, so it is better to check it regularly. The size of the pension for disabled people of group 1 is usually 1.5-2 times higher than for disabled people in groups 2 and 3:

• 11,903.51 rubles - for disabled children and persons who have received the status of “disabled since childhood of the 1st group”.
• 9919.73 rubles - for disabled people of the 2nd group from childhood, for people with disabilities of the first group.
• 4959,85 RUB - for 2 group
• RUB 4215.90 - for group 3

If a person with one or another degree of disability has at least some insurance experience, he may be credited with an insurance (labor) disability pension. In order to receive this pension, it is necessary to visit the Pension Fund division with an application and relevant documents, including a passport, SNILS, documents confirming the duration of the insurance period, as well as documents confirming disability. This type of pension is also paid monthly.

The state disability pension is issued to the following categories of persons:

• military personnel
• persons who took part in the Second World War
• participants in space programs
• persons who have in the list of awards the sign "Resident of the besieged Leningrad"
• those who have suffered due to exposure to radiation or due to a man-made disaster.

To be eligible for such a disability pension by group, you will need to submit an application form and relevant documents to the FIU unit.

Rehabilitation of the disabled

Rehabilitation of people with disabilities includes a set of measures aimed at restoring the ability of a person with an established disability to carry out all types of activities: self-care, opportunities for social interaction, professional implementation. Various methods are used for rehabilitation purposes.

Since many people with disabilities have certain restrictions on their movement (for example, disabled people who are forced to move in a wheelchair), there is a special program for them called “Accessible Environment”. It solves the problem of providing access for people with limited mobility to various facilities, and also involves work in the field of improving the availability of rehabilitation facilities for everyone who needs them. The functions of the program also include improving the work of the system of medical and social examination so that both the initial receipt of disability and regular re-examination take place without unnecessary difficulties.

The Accessible Environment program is funded from the federal budget, however, there are some nuances at the regional level. The program includes the organization of various ramps for the disabled, as well as other devices that make it possible to easily access various objects (for example, shops or pharmacies, because it is simply impossible to overcome even a few steps of the stairs in a wheelchair).

However, in practice, unfortunately, not all cities have implemented this program.

Rehabilitation measures

The main rehabilitation measures include:

• Recovery activities.

Depending on what disease or injury caused the disability, someone is recommended spa treatment, someone needs an operation, and someone needs prosthetics.

• Various wellness activities.

Sports and exercise therapy can be useful in many cases - for example, for rehabilitation after an injury.

• Adaptation of disabled people.

Many of them need help in order to get used to the most common environment for healthy people, including realizing themselves professionally.

For the rehabilitation of people with disabilities, it is imperative that both they and the people caring for them are sufficiently informed about how best to cope with the consequences of injury or illness.

Since disability can be obtained as a result of a variety of injuries and diseases, an individual program is developed for the rehabilitation of each disabled person. It includes a list of various rehabilitation measures, including medical, psychological, professional. The rehabilitation program is developed on the basis of the ITU opinion, but in any case, it cannot be less than the list of rehabilitation measures established at the federal level. However, a disabled person can refuse such a program as a whole, as well as from its individual items.

Disability often leads not only to the loss of working capacity and the ability to serve oneself, but also becomes the cause of a certain psychological state. A person begins to feel helpless, incapable, unnecessary, sometimes considers himself a burden for relatives. By the way, relatives caring for a disabled person often have a difficult time - after all, they are responsible for the comfortable existence of their loved one. Such a tense situation may well contribute to the formation of a depressive state, as a result of which a person ceases to follow rehabilitation measures. Therefore, the help of a psychologist in such situations is relevant.

Psychological consultations today can be carried out remotely (for example, via the Internet), and this is more than convenient for people with disabilities with limited mobility. The form of psychological work can be any: consultations, trainings, group therapy. However, regardless of the form, the main content of a psychologist's work with people with disabilities is the formation of a positive attitude towards oneself, motivation for self-development and the realization of one's own capabilities, including through positive examples.

Disabled adaptation

The adaptation of people with disabilities is a prerequisite for them to feel like full-fledged members of society and to successfully realize their own safe possibilities. This is one of the most important issues that is constantly being worked on in the modern community.

A disabled child often feels pain and discomfort from the very first days of his birth, while it is often the child's disability that causes the parents to refuse him. However, purposeful work on the adaptation of children with disabilities helps many of them not only use their opportunities productively, but also achieve impressive success on a par with healthy children and even more.

How to accommodate a disabled child

In order for the process of adaptation of a disabled child to be successful, it is first of all important for his family members to have the necessary information to interact with such a child. To this end, it is worth raising your own awareness by contacting the appropriate specialists.

The adaptation of a disabled child can relate to issues of his interaction with peers, education, health status, opportunities for movement - and in none of these cases, parents should not focus on increasing the distance between their child and ordinary children. If you constantly repeat to a child that he is "inferior", thereby cutting him off from the outside world, this can not only negatively affect adaptation, but also lead to certain psychological problems.

A positive attitude, creating a comfortable environment for the child, providing him with new impressions is the key to success in adapting a disabled child and forming a positive self-awareness in him.

Help for parents

Anger caused by the inability to resolve the problem, a feeling of fear for the child's future, guilt, disappointment and - these are normal reactions to the situation in a family with a disabled child, and in order to develop a certain strategy, it is necessary first of all to reconsider the approach to this problem. However, there are not only psychological difficulties, but also objective problems: this is the need to allocate a lot of resources (time, finances) to ensure the living conditions of such a child, a significant burden that is not characteristic of caring for healthy children. Therefore, assistance to parents with disabled children should include both work on the family climate and relationships, as well as some social support.

Since disability often makes it impossible for a child to study in regular educational institutions, there are alternative forms of education for disabled children:

• Home-based training.

It is designed for those children who cannot study elsewhere for health reasons. Such children, depending on their condition, are taught either according to the general program or according to the auxiliary program, while the development of the auxiliary program occurs individually. Home-based training is carried out on the basis of the conclusion of a medical and social examination by the workers of the nearest educational institution.

• Family education.

This form of education is practiced at the request of the parents, while the child can receive all the necessary knowledge from the parents or from the teachers they invited, while attending school only to obtain certification. At the same time, family education is used not only for children with disabilities, but also for other reasons of parents - for example, for children ahead of their peers in mental development or in cases where the concept of schooling does not correspond to school ideology.

• Distance learning.

It implies the acquisition of knowledge through the use of modern communication systems. Online education makes it possible to acquire the necessary knowledge without leaving home and without inviting teachers to your home. However, in our country, the distance form of education for children with disabilities is still being introduced and has not received much distribution.

The adaptation of disabled adults is no less important than the adaptation of children, but it has its own nuances. An adult who has received significant limitations in life, often cannot come to terms with his condition and stops taking actions towards rehabilitation. That is why the support of close people is very important for an adult to his own state.

The state also takes some part in the adaptation of people with disabilities, providing them not only with the possibility of restoring or compensating for the impaired abilities, but also improving their mobility, access to the necessary objects of the domestic and cultural sphere, and also creating special opportunities for employment. Adults with disabilities also receive additional opportunities in the form of benefits and payments, which makes their life a little easier.

Adult education

Education for disabled adults most often implies professional education, which in our country is represented by higher and secondary specialized educational institutions. Disabled persons can enter these educational institutions out of competition, but they still need to pass the entrance exams.

Since not all persons with disabilities can study in ordinary institutions, for some categories special educational institutions are created in which the learning process is based on the characteristics of the perception of information and the ability to assimilate it. In addition, distance learning forms are relevant for disabled adults, as well as for children.

How to find a job for a disabled person

More than 80% of people working with disabilities express a desire to work, and this is not surprising - they want not only to receive additional income, but also to feel like full-fledged members of society. However, finding a job for a disabled person is often associated with certain difficulties.

The first step that needs to be taken by a disabled person who wants to find a job is to contact the Employment Center, because the responsibilities of this organization include providing work to people with disabilities. Since the rehabilitation program for disabled people, implemented for those who have received a disability in Russia, provides for the creation of jobs for disabled people at enterprises that receive benefits from the state for this, the Employment Center will have data on such vacancies.

Sometimes, due to disability and certain restrictions, disabled people need to change their qualifications. To do this, you can both enter the appropriate classes and engage in self-education.

Working on the Internet is another great opportunity for people with disabilities, especially for those who have limited mobility, but their intelligence is completely intact. Remote work sometimes becomes an excellent source of income and a way of self-realization.

Disability is not always a sentence, and even if full rehabilitation and recovery is impossible, many people with disabilities live full active lives. Supporting loved ones and using the opportunities provided by state programs provide a significant improvement in the quality of life, even with serious health problems.

SCROLL
DISEASES, DEFECTS, Irreversible
MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES, DISTURBANCES
ORGANS AND SYSTEMS OF THE ORGANISM, WHICH THE GROUP
DISABILITIES WITHOUT STATEMENT OF THE PERIOD OF REVISION
(CATEGORY "DISABLED CHILD" TO ACHIEVE A CITIZEN
AGE 18) IS INSTALLED BY CITIZENS NOT LATER
2 YEARS AFTER FIRST RECOGNITION AS DISABLED
(DEFINITIONS OF THE DISABLED CHILD CATEGORY)

1. Malignant neoplasms (with metastases and relapses after radical treatment; metastases without an identified primary focus with ineffective treatment; severe general condition after palliative treatment, incurability of the disease with pronounced symptoms of intoxication, cachexia and tumor decay).
2. Malignant neoplasms of lymphoid, hematopoietic and related tissues with pronounced symptoms of intoxication and severe general condition.
3. Inoperable benign neoplasms of the brain and spinal cord with persistent severe disorders of motor, speech, visual functions (pronounced hemiparesis, paraparesis, triparesis, tetraparesis, hemiplegia, paraplegia, triplegia, tetraplegia) and severe liquorodynamic disorders.
4. Absence of the larynx after its operative removal.
5. Congenital and acquired dementia (severe dementia, severe mental retardation, profound mental retardation).
6. Diseases of the nervous system with a chronic progressive course, with persistent severe disorders of motor, speech, visual functions (pronounced hemiparesis, paraparesis, triparesis, tetraparesis, hemiplegia, paraplegia, triplegia, tetraplegia, ataxia, total aphasia).
7. Hereditary progressive neuromuscular diseases (pseudohypertrophic Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Werdnig-Hoffmann spinal amyotrophy), progressive neuromuscular diseases with bulbar dysfunction, muscle atrophy, motor dysfunctions and / or bulbar dysfunctions.
8. Severe forms of neurodegenerative diseases of the brain (parkinsonism plus).
9. Complete blindness in both eyes with ineffective treatment; decrease in visual acuity in both eyes and in the better seeing eye to 0.03 with correction or concentric narrowing of the visual field of both eyes to 10 degrees as a result of persistent and irreversible changes.
10. Complete deaf-blindness.
11. Congenital deafness when hearing endoprosthetics is impossible (cochlear implantation).
12. Diseases characterized by high blood pressure with severe complications from the central nervous system (with persistent severe disorders of motor, speech, visual functions), heart muscles (accompanied by circulatory failure IIB - III degree and coronary insufficiency of III - IV functional class), kidneys (chronic renal failure IIB - III stage).
13. Ischemic heart disease with coronary insufficiency III - IV functional class of angina pectoris and persistent circulatory disorders IIB - III degree.
14. Diseases of the respiratory system with a progressive course, accompanied by persistent respiratory failure II - III degree, in combination with circulatory failure IIB - III degree.
15. Liver cirrhosis with hepatosplenomegaly and grade III portal hypertension.
16. Irreparable fecal fistulas, stomas.
17. Severe contracture or ankylosis of large joints of the upper and lower extremities in a functionally disadvantageous position (if arthroplasty is impossible).
18. Terminal stage of chronic renal failure.
19. Fatal urinary fistulas, stomas.
20. Congenital anomalies in the development of the musculoskeletal system with pronounced persistent disturbances in the function of support and movement when it is impossible to correct.
21. Consequences of traumatic brain (spinal) cord injury with persistent severe disorders of motor, speech, visual functions (severe hemiparesis, paraparesis, triparesis, tetraparesis, hemiplegia, paraplegia, triplegia, tetraplegia, ataxia, total aphasia) and severe disorders of the pelvic organs.
22. Defects of the upper limb: amputation of the shoulder joint area, disarticulation of the shoulder, stump of the shoulder, forearm, absence of a hand, absence of all phalanges of four fingers of the hand, excluding the first, absence of three fingers, including the first.
23. Defects and deformities of the lower limb: amputation of the hip joint, exarticulation of the thigh, stump of the thigh, lower leg, absence of the foot.

GOVERNMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

ABOUT THE PROCEDURE AND CONDITIONS FOR RECOGNIZING A PERSON WITH A DISABLED

In accordance with the Federal Law "On social protection of disabled people in
Russian Federation "Government of the Russian Federation

decides:

1. To approve the attached Rules for recognizing a person as a disabled person.

2. The Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian
Federations with the participation of all-Russian public associations
disabled persons to develop and in agreement with the Ministry of Education and
science of the Russian Federation and the Ministry of Finance of the Russian
Federations to approve the classifications and criteria used in
implementation of medical and social examination of citizens by federal
state institutions of medical and social expertise.
3. The Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian
Federation to provide clarifications on issues related to the use of
Of the Rules approved by this Resolution.
4. To declare invalid the Resolution of the Government of the Russian
Federation of August 13, 1996 N 965 "On the procedure for recognizing citizens
disabled "(Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 1996, N
34, art. 4127).

Prime Minister
Russian Federation
M. FRADKOV

Approved
Government Decree
Russian Federation
dated February 20, 2006 N 95

REGULATIONS
DISABLED RECOGNITION

(as amended by Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation of 07.04.2008 N 247)

I. General provisions

1. These Rules are determined in accordance with the Federal Law
"On social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation"
conditions for recognizing a person as disabled. Recognition of a person (hereinafter - citizen)
disabled person is carried out by federal government agencies
medical and social expertise: Federal Bureau of Medical and Social
expertise (hereinafter - the Federal Bureau), the main bureaus
medical and social expertise (hereinafter - the main bureaus), as well as bureaus
medical and social expertise in cities and regions (hereinafter - bureaus),
which are branches of the main offices.
2. Recognition of a citizen as a disabled person is carried out when
medical and social examination based on a comprehensive assessment of the condition
the body of a citizen based on the analysis of its clinical and functional,
social, household, occupational and psychological data
using classifications and criteria approved
By the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian
Federation.
3. Medical and social examination is carried out to establish the structure
and the degree of restriction of the life of a citizen (including
the degree of restriction of the ability to work) and its
rehabilitation potential.
4. The specialists of the bureau (main bureau, Federal bureau) must
to familiarize the citizen (his legal representative) with the procedure and
the conditions for recognizing a citizen as a disabled person, as well as provide explanations
citizens on issues related to the establishment of disability.

II. Conditions for recognizing a citizen as disabled

5. The conditions for recognizing a citizen as a disabled person are:
a) health problems with persistent disorder of body functions,
caused by diseases, the consequences of injuries or defects;
b) limitation of life activity (complete or partial loss of
citizen ability or ability to exercise
self-service, independently move, navigate,
communicate, control your behavior, learn or engage
labor activity);
c) the need for social protection measures, including rehabilitation.
6. The presence of one of the conditions specified in clause 5 of these Rules is not
is the basis sufficient for recognizing a citizen as a disabled person.
7. Depending on the degree of limitation of life activity,
due to persistent disorder of body functions that arose in
as a result of diseases, consequences of injuries or defects, to a citizen,
recognized as disabled, group I, II or III is established
disability, and for a citizen under the age of 18 - category
"disabled child".
8. When establishing a disability group for a citizen at the same time
determined according to classifications and criteria,
provided for in paragraph 2 of these Rules, the degree of restriction of it
ability to work (III, II or I degree
restrictions) or the disability group is established without restriction
ability to work.
9. Disability of the I group is established for 2 years, II and III groups -
for 1 year.
The degree of limitation of the ability to work (absence
restrictions on the ability to work) is set on
the same period as the disability group.
10. The category "disabled child" is established for 1 or 2 years, or
until the citizen reaches the age of 18.
11. If a citizen is recognized as a disabled person, by the date of establishment
disability is the day the citizen's application is received at the bureau.
medical and social examination.
12. Disability is established by the 1st day of the month following
month for which the next medical and social
expert examination of a citizen (re-examination).
13. Citizens are assigned a disability group without specifying a term
re-examination, and citizens under 18 -
category "disabled child" until a citizen reaches the age of 18:
no later than 2 years after the initial recognition as a disabled person (establishment
category "disabled child") of a citizen with diseases,
defects, irreversible morphological changes, dysfunctions
organs and systems of the body according to the list according to the appendix;
no later than 4 years after the initial recognition of a citizen as a disabled person
(establishing the category "disabled child") in case of identification
impossibility of elimination or reduction in the course of implementation
rehabilitation measures of the degree of limitation of life activity
citizen caused by persistent irreversible morphological
changes, defects and dysfunctions of organs and systems
organism (except for those specified in the appendix to these
Rules).
Establishing a disability group without specifying a term
re-examination (category "disabled child" before reaching
citizen of the age of 18) can be carried out at the initial
"disabled child") on the grounds specified in paragraphs two and
the third of this paragraph, in the absence of positive results
rehabilitation measures carried out to a citizen before his
directions for medical and social expertise. In this case, it is necessary
so that in the direction of the medical and social examination issued
to a citizen by an organization that provides him with medical and preventive
help and sent him for a medical and social examination, or in
medical documents in case of sending a citizen to
medical and social examination in accordance with paragraph 17 of these
The rules contained data on the absence of positive results
such rehabilitation measures.
Citizens who applied to the Bureau on their own in accordance with
paragraph 19 of these Rules, disability group without specifying the term
re-examination (category "disabled child" before reaching
citizen of the age of 18) can be established during the initial
recognition of a citizen as a disabled person (establishing the category
"disabled child") in the absence of positive results
assigned to him in accordance with the specified paragraph of rehabilitation
activities.
(Clause 13 as amended by the Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of 07.04.2008 N 247)
13.1. Citizens who have been assigned the category "disabled child"
reaching the age of 18 years are subject to re-certification in
in the order established by these Rules. Moreover, the calculus
the terms provided for in paragraphs two and three of clause 13 of these
Of the Rules, carried out from the date of establishing a disability group
for the first time after reaching the age of 18.
(Clause 13.1 was introduced by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 07.04.2008 N 247)
14. If a citizen is recognized as a disabled person as a reason
disability, general illness, work injury,
occupational disease, disability since childhood, disability with
childhood due to injury (contusion, injury) associated with combat
actions during the Great Patriotic War, military trauma,
illness received during military service, disability,
associated with the disaster at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, the consequences
radiation exposure and direct participation in activities
units of special risk, as well as other reasons established
the legislation of the Russian Federation.
In the absence of documents confirming the fact of professional
illness, work injury, military injury or other
circumstances provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation,
causing disability as a cause of disability
the general disease is indicated. In this case, the citizen is
assistance in obtaining these documents. When presented at the bureau
the relevant documents the cause of the disability changes from the date
submission of these documents without additional certification
disabled person.

III. The procedure for sending a citizen
for medical and social expertise

15. A citizen is sent for a medical and social examination

an organization that provides medical and preventive care, regardless
from its organizational and legal form, the body carrying out
pension provision, or the body of social protection of the population.
16. An organization providing medical and preventive care,
directs a citizen for a medical and social examination after
carrying out the necessary diagnostic, treatment and rehabilitation
measures in the presence of data confirming a persistent violation
body functions caused by diseases, the consequences of trauma
or defects.
At the same time, in the direction of medical and social expertise, form
which is approved by the Ministry of Health and Social
development of the Russian Federation, data on the state of
health of a citizen, reflecting the degree of violation of the functions of organs and
systems, the state of the body's compensatory capabilities, as well as
the results of the rehabilitation measures carried out.
17. The body providing pension provision, as well as the body
social protection of the population has the right to send to medical and social
examination of a citizen with signs of restriction
life activity and in need of social protection, if
medical documents confirming functional impairments
organism due to diseases, consequences of injuries or defects.
The form of the corresponding referral for medical and social examination,
issued by the pension provider, or
body of social protection of the population, approved by the Ministry

18. Organizations providing medical and preventive care, bodies,
carrying out pensions, as well as social
protection of the population are responsible for the accuracy and completeness
information specified in the direction for medical and social expertise, in
the procedure established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.
19. If the organization providing medical and preventive
assistance, pension provider, or body
social protection of the population was denied a citizen in the direction of
medical and social examination, he is issued a certificate, based on
which a citizen (his legal representative) has the right to apply
in the office yourself.
Bureau specialists conduct an examination of a citizen and according to its results
make up a program of additional examination of a citizen and
carrying out rehabilitation measures, after which
are considering whether he has limitations in life.

IV. The procedure for conducting medical and social

citizen examination

20. Medical and social examination of a citizen is carried out in the bureau for
place of residence (at the place of stay, at the location
pension case of a disabled person who left for permanent residence for
limits of the Russian Federation).
21. In the main bureau, a medical and social examination of a citizen is carried out
in case of his appeal against the decision of the bureau, as well as in the direction of the bureau to
cases requiring special types of examination.
22. In the Federal Bureau of medical and social examination of a citizen
held in the event of an appeal against the decision of the main bureau, as well as
direction of the main office in cases requiring particularly difficult
special types of examination.
23. Medical and social examination can be carried out at home in case
if a citizen cannot appear at the bureau (main bureau, Federal
bureau) for health reasons, which is confirmed by the conclusion
organizations providing medical and preventive care, or in
a hospital where a citizen is being treated, or in absentia by decision
the respective bureau.
24. Medical and social examination is carried out at the request of a citizen
(his legal representative).
The application is submitted to the bureau in writing with an attachment
referrals for medical and social expertise issued by the organization,
providing therapeutic and prophylactic care (the body that carries out
pension provision, by the body of social protection of the population), and
medical documents confirming health problems.
25. Medical and social examination is carried out by specialists of the bureau
(main bureau, federal bureau) by examining a citizen,
studying the documents submitted by him, analyzing social welfare,
professional and labor, psychological and other data of a citizen.
26. When conducting a medical and social examination of a citizen,
protocol.
27. In carrying out a medical and social examination of a citizen on
invitation of the head of the bureau (main bureau, federal bureau)
representatives of
state off-budget funds, the Federal Labor Service and
employment, as well as specialists of the relevant profile (hereinafter -
consultants).
28. The decision to recognize a citizen as disabled or to refuse
recognition of him as disabled is adopted by a simple majority of votes
specialists who carried out medical and social expertise, based on
discussion of the results of his medical and social examination.
The decision is announced to a citizen who has undergone medical and social
examination (to his legal representative), in the presence of all
specialists who carried out medical and social expertise, who in
if necessary, give explanations on it.
29. According to the results of medical and social examination of a citizen
an act is drawn up, which is signed by the head
the respective bureau (main bureau, federal bureau) and
experts who made the decision, and then certified by the seal.
Conclusions of consultants involved in the conduct of medical and social
examinations, a list of documents and basic information that served
the basis for making a decision, are entered into the act of medical and social
expert examinations of a citizen or are attached to him.
The procedure for drawing up and the form of the act of medical and social examination
citizen are approved by the Ministry of Health and Social

The storage period of the act of medical and social examination of a citizen is
10 years.
30. When carrying out a medical and social examination of a citizen in the main
available documents are sent to the main office within 3 days from
day of medical and social examination in the bureau.
When conducting a medical and social examination of a citizen in the Federal
bureau act of medical and social examination of a citizen with the attachment of all
available documents are sent to the Federal Bureau within 3 days
from the date of the medical and social examination in the main office.
31. In cases requiring special types of examination of a citizen in
in order to establish the structure and degree of limitation of life activity
(including the degree of restriction of the ability to work
activities), rehabilitation potential, as well as obtaining other
additional information, a program of additional
survey, which is approved by the head of the relevant
bureau (main bureau, federal bureau). Specified program
is brought to the attention of a citizen undergoing medical and social
expertise in a form accessible to him.
The additional examination program may include
carrying out the necessary additional examination in a medical,
rehabilitation organization, obtaining the opinion of the main bureau or
Federal Bureau, requesting the necessary information, conducting
examination of the conditions and nature of professional activity,
social and living conditions of a citizen and other activities.
32. After receiving the data provided by the program
additional examination, specialists of the corresponding bureau
(head office, Federal Bureau) decide to recognize
a citizen as a disabled person or on the refusal to recognize him as disabled.
33. In case of refusal of a citizen (his legal representative) from
additional examination and provision of the required documents
decision to recognize a citizen as disabled or to refuse recognition
his disabled person is accepted on the basis of available data, about which
a corresponding entry is made in the act of medical and social examination
citizen.
34. For a citizen recognized as a disabled person by bureau specialists
(the main bureau, the Federal Bureau), which carried out medical and social
expertise, an individual rehabilitation program is being developed,
which is approved by the head of the relevant bureau.
35. Extract from the act of medical and social examination of a citizen,
recognized as a disabled person is sent to the relevant bureau (the main
bureau, Federal Bureau) to the body that carries out his pension
security, within 3 days from the date of the decision on recognition
disabled citizen.
The procedure for drawing up and the form of the statement are approved by the Ministry
health care and social development of the Russian Federation.
Information about all cases of recognition as disabled persons liable for military service or
citizens of draft age are represented by a bureau (main bureau,
Federal Bureau) to the relevant military commissariats.
36. A citizen recognized as a disabled person is issued a certificate
confirming the fact of establishing disability, indicating the group
disability and the degree of limitation of the ability to work
activities or indicating the disability group without restriction
ability to work, as well as an individual program
rehabilitation.
The procedure for the preparation and form of the certificate and the individual program
rehabilitation is approved by the Ministry of Health and Social
development of the Russian Federation.
A citizen who is not recognized as a disabled person, at his request, is issued a certificate
on the results of medical and social expertise.
37. A citizen who has a document of temporary disability and
recognized as disabled, disability group and date of its establishment

are affixed to the specified document.

V. Procedure for re-examination of a disabled person

38. Re-examination of a disabled person is carried out in the manner
provided for in Sections I - IV of these Rules.
39. Re-examination of disabled persons of group I is carried out 1 time in 2
years, disabled persons of II and III groups - once a year, and disabled children - 1
once during the period for which the category is set for the child
"disabled child".
Re-examination of a citizen whose disability has been established
without specifying the period of re-examination, can be carried out according to his
personal statement (statement of his legal representative), or by
the direction of the organization providing medical and preventive care,
in connection with a change in the state of health, or during the implementation
main bureau, Federal Bureau of Control over the decisions taken
respectively bureau, main bureau.
40. Re-examination of a disabled person can be carried out
in advance, but not more than 2 months before the expiration
the established period of disability.
41. Re-examination of a disabled person before the established deadline
carried out on his personal statement (statement of his legal
representative), or in the direction of the organization providing
treatment and prophylactic care, in connection with a change in condition
health, or in the implementation of the main bureau, the Federal Bureau

control over the decisions taken by the respective bureau, by the main bureau.

Vi. The procedure for appealing against decisions of the bureau,

head Office, Federal Bureau

42. A citizen (his legal representative) can appeal against a decision
office to the main office within a month on the basis of a written
an application submitted to the bureau that conducted the medical and social
examination, or to the main office.
The bureau that conducted the medico-social examination of the citizen, in
A 3-day period from the date of receipt of the application sends it with all
available documents to the main office.
43. Main bureau no later than 1 month from the date of receipt of the application

44. If a citizen appeals against the decision of the main bureau, the main
expert in medico-social examination for the relevant subject
The Russian Federation, with the consent of the citizen, may instruct the
his medical and social expertise to another composition of specialists
main bureau.
45. The decision of the main bureau can be appealed within a month in
Federal Bureau on the basis of an application submitted by a citizen (his
legal representative) to the main office that carried out
medical and social expertise, or the Federal Bureau.
Federal Bureau no later than 1 month from the date of receipt of the application
a citizen conducts his medical and social examination and on the basis of
of the obtained results makes an appropriate decision.
46. \u200b\u200bDecisions of the bureau, the main bureau, the Federal Bureau can be
appealed in court by a citizen (his legal representative) in the manner
established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Since the number of unhealthy people in the world in general, and in our country in particular, remains quite large, the awareness of citizens on the topic of which diseases can cause a disability group helps a lot. By the way, for the establishment of disability, it is not so much the diagnosis that is important as the severity of discomfort, body dysfunctions, which do not allow taking any action in everyday life. Next, we will tell you what criteria are used to determine disability and its group.

General concepts of disability

From Article 1 of the Law "" No. 181-FZ of November 24, 1995, it becomes clear that a person with disabilities can be considered a person with impaired health and body functions. This means that there is no such list of ailments that would guarantee the appointment of disability. It has already been said above that the basis for assigning a person the status of "disabled" is not the pathology itself, but what dysfunctions it leads to. Simply put, conditionally, health problems can be divided into such as:

Mental disorders (here we are talking about intelligence, memory, consciousness, etc.);
- language and speech restrictions (in this case, it is appropriate to mention, for example, dumbness, impaired oral or written speech, etc.);
- disruptions on the part of sensory functions, that is, when there are disorders of hearing, vision, susceptibility to pain, etc.
- violations in the motor system, including improper coordination;
- bodily deformity (in particular, some people note deformation or imbalance of body parts)

In addition to these dysfunctions, disability can be assigned in the presence of a somatic illness. That is, if problems are detected with the circulatory, endocrine systems, heart and blood vessels, or some other internal organs. As for the group and degree of disability, the order of the Ministry of Social Labor of the Russian Federation No. 664n of 09/29/2014 comes into force (this document lists the relevant criteria). Each of the criteria is assessed within the framework of a medical and social examination (MSE), and a percentage is taken relative to the norm.

It is noteworthy that the criteria are the main points related to life. That is, for example, a person's ability to serve himself independently, to move, communicate, navigate in time and space, control his own actions, work and study. The norm is zero for each item. Based on the results of such a check, that is, depending on the severity of the non-compliance with the norm, disability and its group are prescribed (the latter is a kind of indicator of the severity of the condition).

At the same time, it is important to know that children with disabilities who have health problems from childhood or from birth are not classified into groups (this happens only when they reach a certain age within the framework of re-examination for assigning a group for an indefinite period).

When is the first group of disabilities given?

If a person's body disorder is persistent, and the deviation from the norm is 90-100%, he can claim 1 disability group. In this case, the cause, whether it is a consequence of trauma, defect, illness, does not play a role. Simply put, we mean those categories of people who cannot do without constant help from others. For example, with a vegetative problem triggered by a pathology of the nervous system or a stroke, it is difficult for a person to serve himself and live normally without support and care.

The same can be said for those who have blindness, deafness, dysfunction of the musculoskeletal system, etc. Note also that you can get 1 group on the basis of a strong deviation in at least one of the criteria that were indicated above. For example, it can be a total inability to learn or control your behavior.

When is the second group of disability given?

If the mismatch with the norm for some point reaches 70-80%, they usually give 2 group. With such a disability, a person can carry out self-service activities that are elementary. Here partial assistance of another person is allowed, or the use of special technical means (for example, in this group the visually impaired, hearing impaired).

It is noteworthy that quite often the 2nd group is assigned with the right to work, when there is an opportunity to participate in labor activities, despite mental or physical disabilities. To make it clearer, when the second group is relevant, let us name as an example people with epilepsy (genesis may be different). It happens that this disability is attributed to the absence of hearing (partially or completely), in the presence of paralysis (not total or progressive). Cancer patients sometimes fall into this category.

When is the third group of disability given?

This category is considered the lightest when compared with the first two. Often a person with this group looks quite healthy and always works (at least, he has such an opportunity). If we talk about dysfunction, it is moderate. The rate shifts towards the deviation within 40-60%. People with disabilities are able to move around and take care of themselves, but with the proviso that this takes a little more time than a completely healthy person.

And when assessing, for example, the ability to navigate in space, experts call a disabled person of 3 groups who is capable of this in a more familiar environment. For example, the group in question can be assigned to a person who has begun to develop cancer, with renal failure, with low quality of vision, hearing, and so on. Next, we will consider a few questions that will help you better navigate the given topic.

Disability with heart attack or stroke

Earlier it was noted that the diagnosis itself does not play a role in the appointment of disability. After a stroke, a heart attack, ITU members are guided only by the complications arising as a result of these diseases, medical forecasts, etc. (for example, they can take into account the specialty of a potential disabled person). In any case, you should know that experts from the commission prohibit survivors of a heart attack or stroke:

Drive transport (any);
- engage in high-rise work;
- work night shifts;
- expose yourself to excessive physical activity;
- to experience changes in atmospheric pressure, etc.
- work in conditions that are far from favorable.

That is, say, a pilot or a driver after a heart attack will no longer return to the work they were doing before. Therefore, such people are recognized as incapable of work and are given disability. Again, the group is determined by the complexity of the postinfarction state (for example). At the same time, knowledge workers often remain fully able to work, in whom a stroke or heart attack did not give strong consequences. In this case, disability is not attributed.

But as a basis for assigning 3 groups of disability, they call moderate interruptions in the work of the heart and brain. If they are identified within the ITU, then the group will be given, and there will be no particular obstacles to work. We add that for any group it can be left indefinitely with an unfavorable rehabilitation prognosis. To this is also added the impossibility of a radical change in activity.

Disabled persons of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the military

Servicemen and employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs go through the procedure for determining disability on a general basis. The difference is only in the legal aspect, that is, from the point of view of the law, a military trauma is considered a mutilation received while a person is performing his duties or as a result of an illness that has developed against the background of this activity. Except for this moment, the principles of the examination are the same as for all other disabled persons.

Diseases for Perpetual Disability

It is clear from our material that there is a category of disabled people who do not need to be regularly re-examined. A complete list of dysfunctions in terms of health was approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 247 of 04/07/2008. This list contains 23 items, among which, in particular:

Cancer neoplasms with metastases;
- inoperable benign tumors of the spinal cord or brain that provoke visual impairment, movement and other functions;
- total incurable blindness;
- complete deafness, when cochlear implantation (meaning hearing endoprosthetics) did not give an effect or turned out to be impossible;
- deformation of the limbs (for example, amputation of the shoulder or hip joints), etc.

Note that you can become permanently disabled about a few years after a person was first given the status of “disabled”.

Disability and getting it

Let us remind you once again that there is no list of ailments according to which a group will most likely be given. For example, diabetics may not be considered disabled at all or have any of the listed groups (it depends on the severity of endocrine pathology, its course, consequences). The assignment of a disability must be made by members of a special commission within the ITU, based on the referral of the attending physician. If this referral is absent, you can demand an official refusal in order to go with it to the hospital administration. By the way, an applicant for a group in such a development of events can write a statement himself asking for an examination in the ITU.

Disability is a rather broad concept that implies a person's disability due to physical health or mental problems.

Disability can be complete or partial. People with moderate disabilities who need support from social services may be assigned a Group 3 disability.

The list of diseases in Russia that belong to this group is not officially approved by legislation. Disability is established according to the results of the medical and social expert commission, which in its assessment is guided by the order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation No. 1013n of 2009.

Eligibility Criteria

The legislation of Russia defines the criteria according to which the disability of the first, second, third group or the category of "disabled child" is given. Childhood disability can be assigned for any disability. Upon reaching the age of majority, the patient undergoes an examination.

Citizens of the following categories can be recognized as fully or partially incompetent.

1. People with confirmed diagnoses of diseases;
2. People with injuries, deviations, certified by the commission.

What is assessed during a medical examination

A specific list of diagnoses in which a disability of a particular group is established is not approved in the legislative documents of Russia. Medical and social expertise evaluates:

• the complexity of the diagnosis;
• the specifics of the disease;
• limitations and difficulties associated with the manifestations of the disease;
• causes of the disease (it can be congenital, acquired as a result of injury, participation in hostilities).

Disability criteria

To obtain a disability group, a disability must be determined. Medical examination examines areas of life in which a person experiences difficulties due to health reasons, assesses his ability to:

• move;
• navigate;
• serve yourself;
• communicate;
• work;
• to study;
• physiological and psychological adequacy.

Severity of violations

Each persistent disability due to illness is assessed. There are norms regarding a person's age, which make it possible to determine the severity of violations.

1. First degree - the disease is not very pronounced.
2. The second degree is moderate.
3. The third degree is severe disability.

For what disorders is disability group 3 given

Disability of the 3rd group in Russia is established by the decision of a medical and social examination for diseases and disorders that cause minor difficulties. According to the classification, these are diagnoses that do not give a person the opportunity to work in some desired areas, but at the same time he does not need help to perform everyday activities.

1. Diseases of the internal organs.
2. Disturbances of the nervous system and psyche.
3. Musculoskeletal diseases.
4. Diseases of the respiratory tract, ears.
5. Ophthalmic diseases.

What can be considered a minor disorder

1. Problems with speech, hearing.
2. Impaired blood circulation.
3. The functions of the musculoskeletal system.
4. General difficulty in perceiving information through the senses.
5. Congenital or acquired physical deformity.

Obtaining disability group 3

To obtain a disability, a citizen applies to the ITU at his place of residence.

List of documents to be submitted:

• referral from a doctor to undergo a medical examination;
• own statement;
• outpatient card;
• copy and original of the passport of a citizen of Russia, for a minor - a birth certificate;
• a copy of the work book certified by the personnel department, characteristics;
• income statement;
• pension certificate;
• copies of hospital treatment certificates signed by several doctors.

Additionally, you can attach the following documents:

• the act of receiving an industrial injury;
• evidence of the conditions at the place of work that led to poor health;
• receipts for treatment payment, ambulance coupons.

If a person's condition does not allow him to visit the ITU, and this is confirmed by a medical report, the experts of the commission come home.

Patients undergo a medical examination annually to confirm their diagnosis and establish a disability group. To re-obtain a disability group, you must submit a certificate of disability, a program for your treatment and rehabilitation.

People of retirement age can be assigned a disability indefinitely, without having to undergo an annual check.

Disability criteria for group 3

According to the criteria set out in the order of the Ministry of Health of Russia, disability of the 3rd group is established in case of first-degree disability.

Ability to serve oneself

A person does not need outside help to fulfill basic physiological needs, to perform daily household tasks. However, there are minor restrictions on self-service:

• takes longer than a healthy person;
• aids are used;
• self-service cannot be performed in one go, it requires splitting the task into stages.

Ability to walk

No assistance is required for movement. A person can move independently, uses public transport. First degree mobility restrictions:

• to maintain balance, walking requires aids;
• movement takes longer;
• a person needs to take breaks, rest, shorten the distance.

The ability to navigate

The ability to orientate is practically not impaired. Human can:

• navigate in a familiar and familiar environment;
• adequately assess the situation;
• determine your location;
• assistive devices are assumed.

Ability to communicate

A person retains the ability:

• contact people at a reduced pace;
• receive, comprehend and share information through verbal and non-verbal communication.

Help can be used for people with speech and hearing problems:

• a hearing aid and other technical devices are installed;
• the services of a sign language interpreter are used.

Self-control

This implies the ability to behave appropriately, adhere to morality and socially accepted norms.

At the first degree of disability, a person:

• is able to control himself in a familiar environment, but can lose self-control if the situation becomes more complicated;
• has difficulty performing functions in certain areas of life;
• able to assess their mistakes and correct them.

Ability to learn

A person is able to receive and assimilate general educational and professional knowledge, reproduce, use them in work. However, when training, he may require:

• specialized program;
• adapted mode;
• technical aids.

Perpetual disability

The official list of diseases for establishing indefinite disability was approved back in 1956 by the USSR Ministry of Health and is still relevant in Russia. This is the only document that provides a list of injuries, defects and diseases that qualify for eligibility for support from public social services. Disability group 3 is assigned for some diseases from this list, if they have not been re-certified by the ITU.

Internal diseases

1. Hypertension (organic changes in the central nervous system, eyes, myocardium, kidneys).
2. Coronary insufficiency in the postinfarction period. Significant circulatory disorders, changes in the myocardium.
3. Heart disease with severe circulation problems.
4. Lung diseases with chronic heart and respiratory failure.
5. Chronic nephritis with acute renal failure.
6. Cirrhosis of the liver, which is accompanied by abdominal ascites.
7. Complex forms of diabetes with acetonuria, tendency to fainting and coma.
8. Incurable oncological formations.
9. Rehabilitation after complete gastric resection.
10. Removal of one lung.

Nervous system and psyche

1. Chronic diseases of the central nervous system, provoked by infection.
2. Progressive paralysis with signs of mental disturbance, without noticeable improvement due to therapy.
3. Mobility disorders after brain injury. Without re-examination, in case of damage to the skull with a defect or a foreign object in the brain area, disability group 3 is assigned.
4. Injuries and diseases of the spinal cord, cauda equina, which led to functional disorders in the pelvis.
5. Deterioration of blood circulation in the brain, causing dementia or unilateral paralysis (hemiplegia, hemiparesis, psychosis).
6. Epilepsy, accompanied by frequent seizures and mental clouding.
7. Progressive impairment of motor functions due to tremor paralysis. Diseases of the central nervous system (myotonia, myopathy).
8. Paralysis of the limbs due to peripheral nerve injury.
9. Inoperable oncology in the brain and spinal cord.
10. Oligophrenia at the stage of imbecility.
11. Absolute hearing loss on both sides (3rd group is given without re-examination).

Defects after surgery

1. Amputation or congenital absence of arms, hands, deformation of the shoulder, elbow joints.
2. Missing fingers on one or both hands.
3. The absence of the lower limbs after amputation or as a result of injury.
4. A foreign object in the area of \u200b\u200bthe heart muscle and pericardial sac.
5. Fistulas that do not respond to treatment and prevent the patient from maintaining hygiene.
6. Deformities of the jaw and palate, in which the chewing function cannot be restored by prosthetics (group 3 is assigned without re-examination).
7. Inadequate respiratory function after undergoing surgery on the chest, amputation of several ribs (the 3rd group can be assigned without re-examination).

Throat, nose defects

Perpetual disability is prescribed for complete amputation of the larynx with the installation of a prosthesis.

Ophthalmic diseases

1. Complete blindness in both eyes or one eye.
2. Deterioration of vision in one or both eyes up to 0.02‒0.03.
3. A narrowed field of view to 10 degrees in both eyes or 5 degrees in one eye without the possibility of correcting it.
4. With indefinite disability, visual impairment due to other concomitant diagnoses may be a reason to change the group. For this, a new expert examination of the disease is assigned.

Groups of citizens for whom disability is established indefinitely

1. Perpetual disability is assigned to people who have reached retirement age in accordance with Russian legislation.
2. If disability for health reasons was assigned before retirement and was confirmed for 5 years, upon reaching retirement age, an indefinite disability may be assigned for the same deviations.
3. Patients with disabilities of groups 1 and 2, if their group has not decreased over the previous 15 years.
4. Citizens who received injuries, contusions, injuries during military service, which caused disability.
5. Participants of the Second World War and defenders of the Fatherland in the pre-war period with disabilities of groups 1 and 2, who were injured during hostilities, have the right to indefinite disability.

ITU Complaint Procedure

Citizens with a confirmed diagnosis can challenge the decision of the medical and social commission if a decision was made to refuse to establish a disability.