After purchasing a summer cottage, the need to equip a toilet arises immediately. How to create do it yourself toilet in the country so that the construction is simple and convenient. Ready-made drawings will help with this, step-by-step description construction progress, as well as minor nuances that are described in the article.
The toilet is one of the most popular buildings, the need for which arises in the first hours of being at the dacha. Many people have amenities in their home, but it never hurts to equip outdoor toilet.
The design is quite simple, so even a person who does not have special skills and knowledge in this area can make it. And when imagination is added, the room becomes an excellent addition and even decoration to a summer cottage.
Types of toilets and their features
The choice, however, is not great:
- With cesspool;
- backlash-closet;
- without a cesspool.
The lightest and most common design is pit toilet. The project is simple: a cesspool and a toilet house above it. As it is filled with sewage, the pit is cleaned; for this, they either order a special sewage disposal machine, or do it themselves. Another option is to move the house to another location. If the hole is full, you can bury it. The contents of the pit rot within 6-7 years. After time has passed, you can return the toilet to its original place.
The type of outdoor toilet, the pit of which is hermetically sealed, is called backlash closet. Such a toilet has to be built if water sources or residential buildings are located nearby.
There are designs without a cesspool at all. These types of toilets are: powder-closet– do this only if the toilet is rarely used. Or in a situation where groundwater are close to the surface. Then, instead of a pit, use a container (bucket, barrel, plastic tank), in which sewage is collected. The main thing is to correctly determine how often the toilet will be used in order to select the necessary capacity.
But there is a nuance in such designs. It will be necessary to sprinkle the contents with peat after each use of the toilet. Sometimes ash or sawdust is used instead of peat. In these toilet houses, a box for “concealing powder” is installed. If the container is full, it is removed and cleaned manually, the contents are poured into compost pit. If peat was used for masking, then the contents, over time, will be a good fertilizer.
Something to remember! A cesspool is allowed only if the groundwater passes at a depth of 2.5 m and below. Otherwise, you cannot dig a hole.
Watch the video! DIY odorless hut toilet
How to choose the right place?
When you plan to build a toilet with a cesspool, it is worth taking into account sanitary and hygienic standards. There are restrictions on the distance required for the location of such a building:
- 25m to a water source (well, river, etc.);
- 12m to a dwelling or cellar;
- 8m to a bathhouse or summer shower;
- 4m to the tree;
- 1m to bushes;
- At least 1m to the fence.
Important nuance! During construction, it is worth calculating the distance to buildings located next to the site. It is also worth considering the location of the house and the wind rose. When the site is located on a slope, the toilet is built at a low point.
cesspool
When the place for the toilet is chosen and everything is prepared, the digging of the cesspool and its preparation begins. Often it is made square, at least 2 meters deep. They are distinguished by types:
- Sealed. The bottom of such a pit is concreted. Before concreting, it is reinforced, and the reinforcement is installed on pegs so that it does not sink in the concrete. The walls are also made airtight. They are also strengthened, puttied or the seams covered with bitumen.
- Absorbing. Often a hole is dug down to the sand, and crushed stone or pebbles are laid on the bottom. In such a pit, the liquid fraction of sewage goes into the ground faster.
There are several basic ways to strengthen pit walls:
- Brick lining;
- Concrete structure;
- Reinforced concrete rings, which can be purchased ready-made;
- Plastic barrel.
The top of the pit can be covered with beams, slate or concrete. The part under the toilet seat remains open. Now it’s time to move directly to the design of the toilet house.
Construction of the house
The ideal size for a toilet house on a summer cottage is 1 * 1.5 m, up to 2.5 m in height. Then it will be convenient for even people with large dimensions to stay in it. You can take ready-made drawings, if you don’t have any special wishes, so as not to make them yourself.
Why is it worth doing everything according to the plan? This will allow you to plan the amount of materials that will be needed for construction and approximately calculate the budget.
Making the base
The house must be moved 2/3 forward from the cesspool. This way you can provide access to the cleaning pit behind the rear wall of the structure.
A shallow foundation will help ensure the stability of the structure. There is no point in making it very deep, but between it and the frame it is necessary to make waterproofing, for example, use roofing felt. But if the building is light and made of wood, then such a need may disappear altogether. It is enough to install the base on concrete blocks.
It is enough to install the base on concrete blocks. You can also install four support posts. To do this, in the corners of the future structure, you need to dig holes 50-60 cm deep. If the ground is soft, it is better to go deeper by 1 m, in which to install asbestos pipes. 1/3 of the holes must be filled with cement. Support beams are installed in the pipes and the holes are completely filled with concrete.
Frame assembly
The beams for the frame can be taken with a cross-section of 50×50mm or 80×80mm. No need to use thicker material:
Frame covering
Wooden boards are used for this.
Advice! By placing them vertically you can save material. If you place the boards horizontally, they will imitate a log house and the structure will look more interesting.
Boards that fit tightly together are attached to the base. Instead of boards, you can use slate, corrugated board and any materials that the budget allows.
The wooden parts of the structure are treated with antibacterial impregnations so that they are protected from pests and destruction by moisture. After coating, they are painted or varnished.
Roof structure
It is recommended not to make projections more than 30 cm from the edges of the walls. They begin to assemble the roof by securing several boards parallel to each other. Then they sew up the canopy from below and attach boards around the entire perimeter from the outside. Waterproofing (most often roofing felt) is laid on such a base and then covered with the material chosen for the roof (metal profile, bitumen shingles or slate).
For those who like non-trivial solutions, you can look for various interesting drawings or design it yourself. There is also the option of purchasing ready-made toilets. They are assembled like a construction set, each one comes with detailed instructions and drawings.
Exhaust ventilation from the pit
To be withdrawn unpleasant odors constructed from a cesspool exhaust ventilation. To do this, take a pipe, most often 100 mm in diameter. Its bottom goes into a hole, and its top protrudes no less than 20 cm above the roof. This pipe is attached with clamps to the rear wall of the building, inside or outside. A special deflector attachment is mounted on the head to enhance traction.
Toilet doors
The door can be anything: purchased from wood or plastic, or even homemade. Hang it on a couple of loops. To close the door, simple simple mechanisms are used:
- latches;
- bolts;
- hooks on both sides.
There is no point in installing any complex locks; they deteriorate quite quickly when exposed to moisture.
Light in the toilet
You should think about lighting to make using the toilet more comfortable at night. There are a lot of options: from a battery-powered wall lantern to lighting fixture which connects to the network.
During daylight hours, a window will be sufficient for these purposes. It is made either above the door or in its upper part. But imagination can be limitless. There are many options: from windows cut out in different shapes in the walls to a transparent roof design.
Important nuance! The service life of a cesspool will increase if there is no toilet paper, personal care products or household waste. We need to put out a trash can. If the size of the toilet allows, you can install a small washbasin.
Peculiaritiespowder closet structures
There are practically no differences with a regular toilet. The main thing is that such a toilet does not have a cesspool. But when designing a house, it is necessary to think about how it will be possible to remove the container that is used instead of a pit. Often, for this purpose, a door is mounted either on the back wall of the toilet or on the front wall of the toilet seat. A box is installed inside the booth in which material for “covering” is stored. Ventilation - mandatory conditions for a toilet of this type. The difference is that the pipe goes down under the toilet seat.
Conclusion
Building a toilet in a summer cottage is not difficult. The main thing is to choose a suitable drawing and be guided by the construction description presented above. And what design to choose, your imagination will tell you.
Watch the video! DIY country toilet
The feasibility of implementing this project does not depend on the length of stay on the suburban land plot. Even for short visits for a picnic, or processing several beds, the presence of “conveniences” will be useful. An appropriate structure is necessary if more long stay. After studying this article, you will be able to quickly build a toilet for your summer house with your own hands. Step-by-step instructions and detailed comments will help eliminate mistakes that beginners make with a lack of experience.
Read in the article:
How to make a toilet in the country with your own hands: basic definitions, project preparation
A careful study will allow you to draw the right conclusions about this structure. It is one of the first objects to be erected, at the same time as the fence. Significant dimensions mean significant weight. While on outdoors protection from adverse natural influences is needed. The accumulation of waste is expected, so it is necessary to think over a convenient scheme for its disposal.
Garden toilets for dachas are discussed below, taking into account the facts listed above and other important nuances. For each stage of the project are given alternative solutions. When studying different options We must not forget about the configuration of our own summer cottage, existing knowledge and skills, and other individual characteristics.
General requirements for the structure
- Dissatisfaction will be expressed by neighbors if the toilet causes them any inconvenience. In particular, you need to consider the direction in which unpleasant odors spread.
- If the groundwater level is high, the waste accumulation site will have to be sealed.
- For their pumping and subsequent removal, it is necessary to provide a passage and a platform. Free movement of sewage disposal equipment should be ensured.
- It is necessary to check step by step a sufficiently long period of operation in order to optimize the maintenance algorithm.
The dimensions of the pit must correspond to real needs. In any case, it is necessary to accurately estimate not only the volume of initial investment, but also the costs during use.
Placing a toilet inside a residential building and outdoors
To complete the analysis, it is necessary to note the features of different options for the location of this plumbing structure.
Bathtubs and showers are installed in this room.
The creation of such structures is accompanied by large monetary and labor costs. The installation of concrete rings, for example, cannot be done correctly without powerful lifting equipment.
The standard design combines all the important components:
- Building 1);
- Chair (2);
- ventilation (3);
- cesspool (4).
If you look closely, in the figure you can see a special hole in the door (5), which provides daylight and access clean air. Such a structure, if the plans are properly implemented, is autonomous. It is able to perform its basic functions without consuming electricity.
Construction of an outdoor toilet for a summer residence with your own hands: choosing an installation location, important parts of the structure
Some of the options shown in the figure are expensive in factory production. Independent high-quality reproduction of combustion and packaging technologies will be accompanied by significant difficulties. In this article, the range of study is limited to relatively simple structures. Using clear instructions It’s not difficult to figure out how to build an outdoor toilet with your own hands. For better assimilation of knowledge, descriptions of actions are supplemented with thematic photographs and video materials.
Sometimes it is impossible to comply with existing standards due to small sizes plot, high level groundwater, for other reasons. In such cases, a conventional cesspool is replaced with special structures.
Here the main parts of the structure are located above ground level. Use sealed containers. They are installed in a separate volume with good thermal insulation of the walls, which prevents drainage from freezing in winter period. A definite disadvantage is the high entrance with steps.
Related article:
After reviewing the information provided, you can get a more complete understanding of the structure of your home sewage system and wastewater treatment system and consciously begin choosing the design of a treatment facility.
This design is one of the most simple options. For stability, the structure (8) is installed through wide supports (6) on a cushion (1) of cement-sand mixture. Seat (3) suitable height(500 mm in this project) is equipped with a hinged lid (2). The dimensions of the door (5) are also selected individually. The window (1) can be glazed, or a free hole can be left for better ventilation. It is recommended to use a bucket (4) or other suitable container with a volume of at least 20-25 liters.
The specific name of this modification is given by the method of neutralizing decay processes. The waste is regularly sprinkled with “powder” from a mixture of peat and sawdust. This simple technique blocks the spread of unpleasant odors.
Currently, there is a large variety of products of this type on the market. As you can see in the photo, you can buy a ready-made toilet with walls, a roof and a door. But the task of creating building structure with your own hands. This “house” can be accessed with a cleaning system built into the base. Specially grown cultures of bacteria are added there, which actively process waste.
Current standards for the location of a country toilet on the site
Such a massive structure is difficult to move when the need arises. Therefore, you must carefully select a suitable installation location.
Only some of the requirements are noted here. To find out exactly where to place the toilet on the site, you need to study the relevant construction (SNiP 30-02-97) and sanitary (SanPin 42-128-4690-88) standards. When selecting specific figures, smaller values should be taken into account in order to prevent ambiguity in possible legal disputes.
For example, yard-type latrines can be installed at least 20 meters from residential buildings, recreational areas for adults and playgrounds. But the distance can be reduced to 8 meters if we are talking about the territory of a personal household. Be sure to take into account the permitted distances to neighboring buildings.
Features of a cesspool for a toilet in the country
When installing such a structure nearby, the direction of groundwater flow is taken into account. The following table explains the standards for geological characteristics:
The type of storage tank is essential. If it is not airtight, the requirements increase. In particular, the use of a pit without a bottom is prohibited if the total volume of waste into it exceeds 1 cubic meter. within 24 hours.
This table can be used to check the relative position of a given structure and individual utility networks:
The depth of the pit should not reach the groundwater level. Additionally, the restriction “not lower than three meters” applies. It is determined by the standard parameters of sewage disposal equipment, which only performs its functions quite effectively up to this limit.
Sealed pit for country toilet prevents pollution from environmental waste. But in this case, it must be equipped with a ventilation pipe with a diameter of 10-12 cm. It is raised above the lid by 60-80 cm. This device is necessary to remove explosive methane.
How to make a toilet in the country using different materials
When building a toilet in a country house, such materials will create a stationary object. It can be well insulated, equipped with running water and artificial lighting. To maintain stability, you will need a foundation that matches the weight. The parameters of such a project do not correspond to the technical specifications, which establish the following basic criteria:
- lightness of structures;
- minimum cost;
- simplicity of installation technologies;
- mobility.
- processing features for creating required forms and sizes.
- possibility of applying certain decorative coatings, drawings;
- compatibility with fittings and other factory-made parts;
- resistance to atmospheric and other external influences;
- rules of care and repair.
For your information! To find out how to build a country toilet inexpensively, you need to clarify the expected service life. Suitable cheap materials can be used for a temporary structure.
Construction of a wooden toilet for a summer house with your own hands: drawings, operating features
Even without previous experience, working with these materials is not accompanied by undue difficulties. Therefore, quite often it is wooden toilet to the dacha is chosen as the best option.
You can build such a country wooden toilet with your own hands in a day after preliminary preparation. According to the given dimensions, you need to purchase bars. They are used to create a reliable load-bearing frame using screws. To quickly cut grooves, a power tool is useful. The boards cover the seat, walls, and pitched roof. The door (not shown in the diagram) is fixed on standard hinges, a latch and a handle are installed. Large holes can be made using an electric jigsaw.
Important! Such a structure weighs little. In some cases, waste is disposed of by burying a filled pit. After this, the lung is moved wooden structure to another place.
To extend service life wooden products outdoors they are protected from rain, humidity changes, ultraviolet radiation, microorganisms and bark beetles. For this purpose, specialized impregnations are used that penetrate deep into the structure of materials.
Advantages and disadvantages of an odorless dry closet for a summer cottage
Despite the relatively high prices, designs in this category should be studied separately. They will have to be used in small areas, if conflict situations with the closest neighbors. It should be emphasized that cesspools emit unpleasant odors, which significantly reduce the level of comfort. It should also be noted the potential for destruction of the walls over time, the risk of penetration of contaminants into groundwater, sources drinking water.
The example shown in the photo has the following characteristics:
- The main material is high-quality Danish-made polyethylene high density(280-320 kg per cm3).
- Walls and other products made from it are resistant to strong mechanical stress. The structure is strengthened by stiffening ribs.
- The built-in storage tank (250-300 l) is designed for 500-650 visits.
- Standard equipment: washbasin with large water tank (25 l), pump with foot driven, soft seat, door lock, large mirror in a frame with fastenings, holders for towels, toilet paper, dispenser for liquid soap.
- In the transport position, the kit occupies 1.25 cubic meters.
Related article:
We invite you to consider. Prices, user reviews, reviews of popular models will help you set your priorities correctly and make the right choice.
This toilet looks aesthetically pleasing inside and out. It can be installed by one person quickly and accurately, and moved to another location. Of significant importance are the manufacturer's official guarantees, which cover the tightness of connections and other important consumer parameters.
For your information! For full functioning, you will have to regularly purchase toilet liquid in the country, containing cultures of special anaerobic bacteria. These costs should be added to the price of the kit when calculating economic feasibility of this decision.
Parameters and features of constructing a toilet from corrugated sheets with your own hands
The use of metal parts of this category will allow you to obtain the following advantages:
- Exact match individual elements, which simplifies and speeds up the assembly of a high-quality structure.
- Lightweight with high rigidity, the ability to maintain integrity under strong wind and other mechanical loads.
- Resistance to corrosion processes, which is ensured by a multi-layer protective coating.
- Irreproachable appearance. It won't have to be updated for many years.
It should be specially noted that a country toilet made of corrugated sheets can, if necessary, be disassembled and moved to another place. The sheets are attached to the load-bearing frame with special screws with rubber linings. These seals prevent moisture from penetrating into the metal structure
When making such a toilet at the dacha from corrugated sheets, it will be possible to eliminate welded seams. To reproduce the relevant technologies, you need to purchase special equipment and master operating skills. It is not difficult to create a wooden frame yourself. These parts of the structure connect and strengthen metal corners. Steel parts without factory protection are coated with primer and paint to prevent corrosion processes.
Do-it-yourself quality toilet for a summer house: step-by-step instructions, practical recommendations
After carefully studying the information presented above, it is not difficult to formulate individual technical requirements. After this, you can begin to review completed projects garden toilets with your own hands. Drawings of some successful products are given below. Next, you need to really evaluate your own strengths by looking at the descriptions of the construction processes.
Important! When you figure out how to build a toilet with your own hands in the country, check whether its aesthetic characteristics match. The uniform style of small and large buildings on the site creates an overall harmonious atmosphere.
Technical characteristics of a toilet in the country with your own hands: dimensions, drawings, examples of designs
Following short description will help you understand the general principles of creating such structures:
- In addition to the items noted in the design documentation, it will be necessary to prepare the products and tools noted below. In particular, the roof can be protected inexpensively from bad weather with a sheet of roofing material of suitable size.
- First, a cesspool is created with dimensions corresponding to the contour of the bottom of the toilet. At the bottom of the pit, a backfill is made of gravel and other granular materials.
- Curb blocks or other standard reinforced concrete products are suitable for supports. They are mounted so as to leave a gap between the toilet and the surface of 10 to 20 cm.
- Ruberoid is useful for creating a waterproofing layer between the supports and the wooden frame.
- The installation of the toilet is carried out in stages. Power frame made of timber and covered with clapboard. You can attach foam sheets from the inside for insulation.
- For flooring use thick boards 35-45 mm from wood species that are resistant to rotting and stress.
- A ventilation pipe from a pit with a protrusion above the roof ridge of 20-30 cm is attached to the rear wall.
- Next, holes are cut, doors and roofing are installed. Protective compounds and finishing decorative coating are applied.
For your information! The dimensions of the toilet in the countryside are adjusted with your own hands, taking into account personal needs and preferences. It is recommended to follow the above proportions. The thickness of parts that are subject to loads during operation cannot be reduced.
Making a cesspool for a toilet for a summer cottage with your own hands
Explanations for the drawing:
- For a fairly strong strapping, logs (1) with a diameter of 140-150 mm are suitable. The same blanks are used to create frame struts (3)
- the exhaust pipe (2) is installed above the roof.
- hatch covers (4) can be made from boards.
- Turf (5) is placed on the slope for strengthening.
- a layer of clay (7) 300-350 mm thick will provide good waterproofing.
- between the lids they make a bedding of peat and sawdust 200-250 mm thick.
- the frame (6) and the floor (9) are impregnated special compounds, which block the processes of decay.
To decide correctly how to dig a hole for a toilet in the country, you need to study the features of modern engineering solutions in this area. Sealed storage tanks made of concrete, plastic, and other materials will not allow harmful substances to penetrate into the environment. However, like regular cesspools, they have to be cleaned frequently.
Article
Of fundamental importance when building a toilet on a summer cottage is the choice of location, which is regulated by the provisions of current regulatory documents.
In particular, the distance from the toilet to water sources (well, well) has been determined, which cannot be less than 25 m and must be located in a lowland.
Much depends on the occurrence of groundwater: the lower the level, the smaller the cesspool will have to be made.
A cesspool may generally be an unacceptable option if the groundwater level is high at the site chosen for the construction of a toilet. It is necessary to observe how the wind rose develops, determine their main direction, so that specific odors do not create problems either in your area or in neighboring areas.
The boundary distance is set strictly according to current standards, which should be studied in advance, and construction should be carried out in full compliance with them. Otherwise, you may have to destroy the building and start all over again.
How to make a toilet in the country - preparatory stage
After determining the location for building an outdoor toilet, you can start selecting the design. There are recommendations regarding optimal sizes toilet, the height, width and depth of which are respectively 2.2 x 1 x 1.4 meters.
As for the shape, everyone chooses their own option; among the most common yard toilets are a mansion, a house or a hut.
For execution necessary work materials and tools should be purchased if they are not available on the farm. You will need:
- shovel with a short handle;
- a crowbar, or better yet a solid hammer drill (in the presence of heavy soil);
- a barrel or other container of 200 liters for a cesspool; you can also use a standard well ring with a diameter of 1 m;
A shovel with a short handle is useful for digging a hole in which it is not easy to turn around with a longer tool. Hard soil (limestone, heavy clay, pebbles, etc.) will require a hammer drill, crowbar or pick. For electric tool You should prepare the connection to the power source.
You can, of course, buy a ready-made toilet from among those offered construction stores, but it will be more interesting to do it yourself. First of all, you need to make a sketch and drawing, not forgetting about ventilation and insulation. Then you can independently build a simple structure from the materials left over from the construction of a summer house or house, or purchase sandwich panels.
Before starting to build a toilet, you need to prepare a cesspool. Its depth dimensions depend on the presence of groundwater and its level. The diameter is determined arbitrarily; there are no special recommendations in this regard.
Work should begin in good weather, when there is no rain. It is advisable to get to the sand so that all liquid fractions can quickly be absorbed into it.
The pit must be thoroughly cleaned, leveled and its bottom compacted. Then a barrel made of any metal or plastic is directly installed, although it should be borne in mind that the service life of such a pit will not be very long.
Concrete rings for a cesspool look much preferable. Of course, this cannot be done without the use of a crane. No worse is the storage equipment by laying stone or brick, which is reinforced with reinforcement or reinforced mesh followed by installation of a waterproofing layer and plastering. The conditions for future use of the toilet will suggest an acceptable option for the cesspool.
How to make a wooden country toilet - the design process
The actual construction of the toilet house begins with marking and drilling holes where the posts will be located, acting as supports.
Toilet foundation
If the toilet is used throughout the year, it is necessary to make a foundation deepened below the point to which. Typically a rectangle shape is used.
Toilet frame
In our case, it is mounted from wood, preferably from timber, selected according to predetermined dimensions. External skin the structure may not be enough, so it is necessary to strengthen the frame from the inside with braces or gussets.
Toilet for a country toilet
The cross beams are mounted at a height of about half a meter - they will be used as a base for the toilet seat.
Roof for toilet
Since the toilet has small dimensions, it is possible to lay the roof without using logs. For roofing, materials can be used with virtually no restrictions. The only consideration that should be taken into account is that it is desirable to create a single architectural ensemble on the site. Then for the roof of the toilet you need to use the same material as for the house. The last note concerns the tile covering, which requires strengthening of the roof frame.
Wall cladding and flooring
For lining the toilet inside and out, ordinary clapboard or any other available material is quite suitable. Next, the door is hung, and the floors are laid, which can be made of wood to suit your taste, followed by painting, or laid on a concrete base ceramic tiles.
Exhaust ventilation
Usually located on the rear wall of the structure, the ventilation pipe must be installed above the roof level. Today, a year-round toilet is even equipped with a small heating area.
You should not neglect the rules during the construction of a country toilet, even if it is a simple construction, nevertheless, it is very important.
As practice shows, you can build a toilet on your summer cottage on your own, without resorting to outside help.
Construction of a country toilet (shape: teremok)
One of the options for how to build a toilet house for a summer house on your own is step by step photos, which the craftsman shared on the house and dacha forum.
DIY country toilet - video
Step-by-step instructions for beginners with no experience in construction.
Scheme and drawing of a country toilet
You simply cannot do without a structure such as a toilet in a dacha. And if you decide to build a country toilet with your own hands, you will have to put in some effort and effort. The most difficult stage in construction will be digging a pit. As for the aesthetic side of the building, this is rather a secondary issue, because the main thing is to properly arrange the cesspool and create a reliable foundation for the above-ground structure.
Below we will discuss in detail the following points:
| Choosing a place to build a toilet and its design. | |
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What you will need to build a toilet. |
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Features of the cesspool design. |
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Construction of a country toilet house. |
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Using a dry closet at the dacha. |
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Biological toilet products. |
How to build a country toilet with your own hands: photos, drawings, video
It’s worth noting right away that it’s better to do all the work once and then not return to this issue. long years. It is especially important to build permanent structure, if you spend a lot of time at your dacha. If you do not want to spoil the design of the site by installing a regular toilet, then you can always hide it in the far corner behind the country house or come up with an original design for it that would allow it to fit harmoniously into the landscape.
Choosing a location for the toilet and its design features
As a rule, the toilet is installed closer to the far boundary land plot, since there will be an unpleasant odor around the room, even if it is slight. But sometimes they use another option, making a cesspool not far from the house, and to place a toilet, they set aside a free corner of the house, leading the sewer pipe into the pit. This design is mainly used in cases where water has been brought into the house and it is planned to install an insulating container designed to collect waste.
Be that as it may, it is worth adhering to sanitary and epidemiological standards. They must be followed to protect yourself and the environment from negative consequences such as soil contamination or infectious diseases.
If you are planning to install a cesspool, it is important that it is located at a distance of at least 30 meters from water sources. Moreover, its depth should not reach groundwater.
If you are going to install a septic tank, then place it no closer than 15 meters from the house.
If you are going to use an insulated container that is cleaned as it is filled, it can be installed almost anywhere, since waste will not penetrate into the ground.
An insulated container is also suitable in cases where the groundwater does not run very deep and it is impossible to make a cesspool in the ground.
Most often, the pits of the simplest toilet for a summer residence have an area of about 1 m2. If the pit is round, then its diameter should be approximately 1 meter. Its depth is 1.5-2 meters, depending on how the groundwater lies.
Once you decide on a place for the pit, proceed to choosing the design of the toilet. First of all, you must take into account the weight of the future structure - the choice of material that you are going to use for construction largely depends on it. Moreover, the house itself should not be made very heavy, since over time, under its weight, the soil may begin to sag and the building will become deformed and damaged.
Wooden boards or bars or thin material - corrugated sheets and galvanized profiles - are excellent as building materials.
If you decide to build a toilet booth from bricks or logs, then you should think about high-quality strengthening of the foundation. But there is no point in building such structures, since they will not be warmer than light buildings. Unless you need to thermally insulate a room using insulation that is light in weight, for example, polystyrene foam. This building will be warm, light, windproof in winter and not too hot in summer.
Having decided on the choice of material, you can begin to select the size of the booth. If you decide to build a country toilet with your own hands, then we offer you the following drawings.
As a rule, a standard toilet, as you noticed in the drawings presented above, has a height of 2.3 meters, a width of 1 meter, and a length of 1.3-1.5 meters. But these dimensions can vary, and should not be viewed as dogma. Be that as it may, the room should be as comfortable as possible for all family members to be in it.What you need to build a country toilet with your own hands
Having chosen the design and size of the toilet, you need to buy building materials. You can buy a metal or wooden “house” ready-made. If you decide to build it yourself, then be prepared for the fact that you will need the following materials:
- wooden blocks and boards;
- fasteners - screws and nails;
- metal corners to strengthen the wooden frame;
- roof covering material - corrugated board or slate;
- door handle, latch or hook for closing;
- wooden or plastic toilet seat with a lid;
- polystyrene foam for insulation and material for covering insulated walls: thin board, chipboard or plywood (if necessary).
To construct a cesspool you will need:
- crushed stone, cement, sand;
- reinforcement to strengthen the foundation structure;
- metal mesh netting (designed to cover the pit) and metal pins or brackets for attaching it to the ground.
Also, instead of mesh and plastering it with concrete, you can use brick to line the walls of the pit. Moreover, concrete rings that have holes in the walls are often used to construct pits. Many summer residents prefer old rubber tires.
Another good environmentally friendly option would be a ready-made container - a septic tank. You can find them most different sizes, so you will choose the one you need, depending on the length of your stay outside the city and the number of family members.
Of course, when building a country toilet with your own hands, you cannot do without special tools, so prepare in advance:
- a bayonet or shovel with a short and long handle;
- a hand drill that will help when digging a pit;
- hammer drill (if the site has rocky soil);
- screwdriver or hammer;
- grinder – “grinder” with discs for metal and stone;
- jigsaw;
- marking tool - tape measure, ruler, square, pencil, building level or marker.
How to make a cesspool with your own hands?
Of course, you should start by marking and digging a hole, which can be round or square shape(depending on which design scheme for the country toilet was chosen).
If you are planning to install a two-chamber plastic septic tank, then the hole is dug so that the inlet pipe is in the toilet stall, since the toilet seat will be installed on it. The neck of the second chamber remains outside the room, as it is required to regulate the pumping of fecal matter.
Tanks can be different shapes, since the shape and dimensions of the pit depend on this. The size of the pit must be made 20 cm larger than the container, since the soil around it must be compacted as best as possible.
If the walls of the pit are lined with brick or concrete, it can be made square or round.
After you dig a hole of the required depth, you need to arrange drainage at the bottom from stones, coarse crushed stone, and fragments of bricks.
Then concrete mortar is applied to the walls using the casting method. It is left until completely dry. The total layer thickness can be approximately 50-80 mm.
When the first sketched layer has set, the walls are plastered to a perfectly smooth state with the same concrete mortar. Next, wait until the plastered pit dries.
The pit is covered or finished reinforced concrete slab, or you can make it yourself. It will act as a foundation and platform around the toilet.
Boards are laid on the pit itself. They should extend beyond its limits by approximately 700-800 mm and be recessed into the ground to the level with the ground. They are treated with antiseptic agents. like this wooden backing It is quite possible to replace it with concrete pillars.
Two holes are left on the surface for the cesspool and installation of the toilet seat. Formwork is installed around them.
A dense polyethylene film is spread over the entire area of the foundation.
A reinforcement grid is laid on top of it, which encloses the formwork of the future foundation along the entire perimeter.
As for the height of the formwork of the holes, it should be exactly the same as the formwork of the entire foundation structure. When leveling the surface, the formwork boards will act as beacons.
The concrete solution is mixed, then poured onto the site, carefully leveled and left to dry. For the strength and durability of the concrete layer after the initial setting, you can “ironize” the wet surface using dry cement.
After the site has matured, you can install a toilet booth on it. The hole that is intended for pumping out waste will need a hatch. You can buy it in a store or make it yourself. The hatch cover should be easy to close and open.
Another good option is round form pits made from tires. But do not forget that this type of pit cannot be used for regular users. Such a toilet can only be used in a country house, and only if the owners come occasionally, for example, on weekends, otherwise they will have to resort to pumping out waste very often.
To make a pit from car tires a round pit is dug out 150-200 mm larger than the diameter of the tires.
A drainage having a thickness of 15-20 cm is laid at the bottom of the pit.
Then the tires are laid exactly in the center of the pit to the ground surface. As they are laid around the tires, a drainage layer of sand and gravel is poured and compacted well. This process is carried out to the top.
When the tires are laid, it is recommended to arrange strip foundation. To do this, a trench about 500 mm deep is dug along the entire perimeter of the future structure, into which concrete is poured.
The bottom of the trench is compacted and then filled with 50-70 mm of sand. It also needs to be compacted and covered with a layer of crushed stone of exactly the same thickness.
The waterproofing is made of dense polyethylene.
Next, you can weld a lattice from reinforcement, install it and mount the formwork 100-150 mm above ground level, and then fill it with concrete mortar. Make a brick foundation and then plaster it with cement.
After the mortar has hardened, remove the formwork from the cement foundation and level the brick foundation on top. Then roofing material is laid on its surface. It will separate the concrete surface from the wood.Then the finished structure of the country toilet is installed on the foundation, or it is built independently.
For ease of construction, a base frame consisting of powerful bars is first fixed to the foundation, and then the remaining structural elements are mounted on it, depending on the building model you choose.
It is worth noting another option for arranging a cesspool - metal barrels with a cut bottom. They are installed on top of each other and then operate in the same way as in the case discussed above. A mixture of sand and crushed stone or a gravel mixture is compacted around the pipe.
It would seem that this method is simple to implement, but it has many more disadvantages than advantages. Metal barrels, under negative influence both from the outside and from the inside, will quickly begin to corrode, and this toilet will not last long.
Do-it-yourself country toilet: building a house, photo
Once the pit and platform for installing the toilet are ready, you can begin assembling the house according to the previously drawn up diagram.
It’s worth saying right away that houses for country toilets can have a variety of shapes. Many people even make them in the form of a fairytale hut, and those around them may not immediately understand what kind of room fits so harmoniously into landscape design. You can make such a structure with your own hands, having an idea of its assembly scheme.
In the photo you will see an option partially made of logs, which give the structure a decorative appearance, masking the purpose of the building.
In the diagram you see the basis for building a house made of logs, only boards are used instead of logs. You can clearly see how the walls of the structure are assembled and the roof slopes rise. The internal space is distributed, and a place for the toilet seat is selected.
The next step will be roof sheathing, roofing and wall finishing using the selected material (both wood and metal can be used).
The house can be installed on a pit or used as a room for a dry closet.
This version of the toilet structure is called a “hut”. In this case, the house is built in the form of a triangle, and its side walls act as a roof. The form is extremely simple, so the construction process will not cause you any difficulties.This design is easy to construct and easy to use - it is very stable and quite spacious inside.
In the photo you will see the entire internal structure, the installation location of the toilet seat and the sheathing of the roof walls. Finishing of the front part has begun and back wall. You can place the “hut” house on a well-equipped cesspool, as in the above case, or use it as a room for a dry closet.
In this photo you see a house for a country toilet of a traditional shape, which is found in many areas. However, you can decorate even such a seemingly simple design according to your preference. For example, the toilet in this area was made into a Japanese house. This is evidenced by the hieroglyphs on the plate, which is suspended on chains; an additional roof and japanese lantern at the entrance. Moreover, inner space also designed in the same style.
This attitude to design suggests that even from such a structure as a toilet, you can make a real work of art if you put in a little more effort.
An approximate construction diagram is shown in the photo. It clearly shows the cesspool, the installation of the toilet structure and the cleaning hatch. This design is quite simple in design and is not difficult to build. However, for it to be reliable, it is necessary to achieve rigidity of the ligaments of each of the parts among themselves. The internal space arranged above the cesspool may look like this during the construction of the walls. That is, a base of bars is installed directly on the foundation, onto which the frame of the building is subsequently fixed.
Upon completion of finishing the interior of the country toilet, the room will have a cozy and neat appearance, such as you see in the photo.
If you wish, you can come up with a different toilet design, but interior decoration necessary from warm materials. We do not recommend using ceramic tiles for finishing, since this is a cold material, and in winter the tiles will also become slippery.
Dry toilet in a suburban area
If you cannot build a country toilet with your own hands or you do not have the desire or time to contact construction work, then use the dry closet. This option will save you from the need to dig a hole and install the house.
A biotoilet is nothing more than an autonomous toilet, which does not require either connection to drainage communications or separate room. It consists of two chambers, the top of which acts as a toilet, and the other is used for biological waste treatment. The lower chamber contains active substances that decompose feces, turning them into a homogeneous, odorless mass. The action of the bioactive liquid lasts for 10 days, after which the chamber is cleaned and the contents are poured into the soil or central sewer.
The choice of disposal method depends on what substances were used in the dry closet. They come in three types: chemical, composting and microorganic. Each of them is ideal for a specific type of dry closet.
For composting, peat is used as an active substance. It is characterized by high absorbency - 1 kg of peat can absorb 10 liters of liquid. Compost, which is odorless and obtained as a result of active processes, is perfect for fertilizing the garden.
As a rule, in the compost with this dry closet they go ventilation pipes, removing unpleasant odors during processing.
The operation of a dry closet is based on the use chemical substances. It has an indicator that indicates when the container needs cleaning. Recycled waste is discharged into the sewer, and you do no harm environment. For such models there is special means with non-freezing property.
The third type is a dry toilet, in which microorganisms are responsible for the process of processing waste, turning it into compost. The material obtained in this way is environmentally friendly and absolutely safe for animals and soil, so it will not be difficult to dispose of it.
If necessary, you can install a dry closet in a regular room located in the yard, and in winter you can bring it into the house, selecting a convenient place for these needs.
What biological agents are used for toilets?
Owners of country houses with toilets with pit cesspools on their property are offered special products (they are similar to those used in dry closets).
As you can see, there are many ways to solve the problem of a toilet in a country house - you can always choose the most suitable option.
It's a city dweller's dream to buy country house, where you can relax from the hustle and bustle. Well, now you are the owner of the site and the most in demand part is the toilet. What if it’s not there?
But there is a way out - to build a toilet with your own hands, using improvised means, creating your own drawing. Provide comfortable living conditions with your own hands.
How to make a toilet in the country?
A string of questions immediately arises in my head: what drawing to choose, what design to give, what materials will be used. In this article we will reveal the basis and rules for developing your project.
Main types of booths
First, let's figure out what types of structures exist. The simplest type, a building with a cesspool.
But before we start, we take into account the sanitary standards that apply in Russia: think about the cleaning method and proper waterproofing. Check your neighbors' requirements to avoid conflict situations.
You can make a toilet in your country house using several options.
We list the types of buildings:
- Birdhouse - economical version with pitched roof located on the box. Summer option;
- Hut - complex design with a large selection of designs, keeps you warm in the cold. Requires more material costs;
- Hut - a simple form with a gable roof, a wind-resistant model;
- The house is a structure with increased strength, a warm option;
- Double rooms - complex construction with a second section;
- Toilet with shower - an additional extension for washing is attached to the main booth;
- A dry toilet can be installed even inside the house. Biotoilets are gaining popularity, since there is no special fuss with them.
There are three types of dry toilets: peat, chemical and electric models. This is the first aid option when construction is underway.
Then you can proceed to the major toilet with reliable septic tank, serving for years.
Where to start construction?
A summer resident needs a toilet that is hygienic, clean and pleasing to the eye, while respecting the environmental situation, neutralizing waste, and meeting the requirements for external design.
Capital septic tank with a complex of tanks in the ground
To do this, they most often do three concrete rings, which are immersed in the ground one by one. The upper ones become settling tanks, the third filters sewage that goes into the ground without causing harm to groundwater.
Such septic tanks contain anaerobic bacteria that process waste and neutralize harmful bacteria.
You are faced with the following tasks:
- choose a system for draining, draining and disposing of sewage;
- determine the location for the toilet and it is better to choose one remote from the house;
- decide which type of structure is suitable, discussed above;
- choose a design that you can make with your own hands;
- select suitable materials;
- determine the size of the toilet in the country;
- calculate construction cost estimates.
Decide for yourself how you will clean the waste pit if you do not install a septic tank. How can a sewage disposal truck arrive, pumping out sewage?
Have you decided and answered the questions? Now we can start construction, let's take it step by step.
Practice: start of construction
We've decided on a place, let's choose the desired design. Builders have already developed a certain gold standard of size, the ratio: 2.2x1x1.4 m.
Look at the photo of the country toilet. Having decided on the form, let’s prepare the necessary tools:
Note!
- hammer drill, which can be replaced with a crowbar, for breaking hard ground;
- a shovel, preferably with a short handle, so it’s easier to dig;
- container for waste pit, optimal capacity 200 l;
If you use electrical appliances, take care of the power source.
Make drawings of a country toilet or use the data in the drawing. Consider installing ventilation and insulation. Let's start construction with a waste pit.
First stage - pit
We will dig a deep waste pit for sewage. The standard shape is square, the depth is not less than 2 m. After digging, we must strengthen the walls; we can use reinforced concrete material, boards, or make masonry from stone or brick.
We ensure the bottom of the pit is airtight, fill it with crushed stone or make a concrete screed.
If there is a risk of contaminating groundwater, we will make the walls and bottom waterproof and seal it with special material.
Note!
Second stage - frame
The pit has been prepared, we will begin to build a protective external structure. The prepared frame must be secured; it is better to make it wooden. Let's make markings and drill holes in which we install support pillars. They will provide durability for future construction.
The foundation itself is necessary if you visit the country house all year round, to serve for a long time. First, it must be deepened, then bricks or blocks should be placed in the corners; waterproofing will be provided by a roofing material overlay.
Place the material between the prepared frame and the foundation. Immediately begin installing the bottom frame to prevent the roofing felt from drying out from the sun's rays.
Lay the floor, prepare the seat skeleton in place and attach it. Nail the façade frame to the posts. After covering the toilet seat, make a hole.
Now sheathe the facade of the toilet directly; you can choose lining, corrugated sheets, siding and other materials for this. Install the roof sheathing and place any slate or metal roofing on it.
Note!
Finish hanging the door on the hinges and the wooden outdoor toilet is almost ready.
The third stage - ventilation
To prevent unpleasant odors from bothering you, we will develop a ventilation system in the toilet structure. We use for this plastic pipe with a diameter of 100 mm.
Let's take tin clamps and pull it to the hole made in the roof of the building. The lower end of the pipe must be carried 15 cm into the waste pit, cutting a hole of the required diameter into the seat.
The deflector attachment will additionally help increase traction. There is nothing complicated in construction; anyone can build a simple toilet.
DIY toilet photo
