Introduction
Door blocks in an individual residential building are divided By:
- purpose - external and internal;
- manufacturing material - wooden, memetal, PVC, MDF lined or veneer;
- enclosing functions - blind and ostek lazy;
- number of doors - single and double doors you are e.
Door block:
- a - single-leaf;
- b - double-leaf.
Basic requirements for externaldoor blocks for individual installationdual residential building - strength and highthermal protection characteristics. Majoritydevelopers prefer outdoordoors - insulated metal doorshome” version, and the internal one is made of woodor PVC, single or double leaf.
The table below shows the main sizes of two ray.
Some types of doors for an individual residential building
Important characteristics of doors - noise reductionheat protection and durability. Provide for themthere are structural elements: frame, doornew fabric, fittings (hinges, handle and lock),threshold and platbands.
Door block elements
Types of external and interroom doors
Advantages of wooden external doors(rice. A) - environmental friendliness, aesthetics and malight weight Disadvantages - low heat protectionproperties and exposure to external influencesaggressive environment. Such doors require constantspecial care (painting, polishing); According tomany developers, they are less durable than metal.
Metal external doors (Fig. b) - the most common type of entrance todaystructures in private construction. They are upquite durable, as they have metalframe; can be well insulated; don't requireadditional care thanks to high qualitynational paint coating, persistentto the influence of external aggressive environment.
Entrance doors:
- a - wooden;
- b - metal.
Interior wooden doors (rice. A) made from solid wood or studdedsheets, and when installed in interior spacesat home they are fully capable of providingcomfortable sound insulation.
MDF doors(rice. b) less environmentally friendly,than wooden ones. But they are not subject to destructioninsects and fungi, although they knowsignificantly lower noise protection characteristics.As a rule, such doors are lined with veneeror laminate, which significantly reduces costsstrength of the design compared to a similar onefrom the array. With good external qualitiesa significant drawback is the fear of moisture. In wetpremises (bathrooms, baths, saunas)individual residential building MDF doors withIt is not recommended to change.
When installed in the interior of the housePVC doors (rice. V) fully bothComfortable sound insulation is baked. But theiruse significantly reduces naturalgood ventilation, as they usually have a raftconnections and do not allow air to pass through. OSnew advantages - durability, ease of maintenanceand durability.
Interior doors from:
- a - wood;
- b - MDF;
- c - PVC.
Frame doors are made with claddingfrom laminate or veneer over wood or furmetal frame (Fig. a, b). Domesticcavities are filled with corrugated cardboard orinsulation, plywood orhardboard Frame wooden doors are consideredthe cheapest.
Door designs with frames made of:
- a - wood;
- b - metal.
There are many options availabledoors. Correctly selected designwill allow you to maintain the interior in the desired style.
Execution options door design
Installation of door blocks
Installation blocks doorways all types - quite difficultintensive process, but many developers individuallyal residential buildings cope with this taskon one's own. What is noteworthy: the more difficultdoor design simpler technology installationki. For example, for installing sliding, warehousethere are enough doors that open and similarinstall the supporting frame and align the verticaldesigns. Installation of the simplest designtions of the door - swing - let's look at it in more detail.
It is recommended to install the door blockshow off before finishing finishing worktami. First you need to decide what youdoor bur, frame design (with thresholdor without), check the verticality of the walls in placelocation and specify the dimensions of the doorema - there must be a gap between the door frameand the wall (about 10–15 mm).
Then you need to prepare a profiledtimber under the door leaf (Fig. A), consideringone of three ways to connect it at the corner:
- with trimming the ends of the box parts at 45°(rice. b) - the simplest and easiestcue, if you have a finely tuned one on handangle cutter, without it ensure the accuracy of the angleand correspondence of the dimensions of the box parts tothe door leaf is quite complex;
- with connecting the corners of the box with a tenon(rice. V) - the highest quality, but labora time-consuming method in terms of accuracy oncutting grooves and tenons, requiring a professionalbasic carpentry skills;
- with trimming the ends of the box parts at 90°(rice. G) - simpler in comparisonwith the first method in precision assembly and less labor-intensive compared to the second.
Door frame structure:
- a - profiled timber (section);
- b - connection of angles at 45°;
- c - tenon connection;
- d - connection of angles at 90°.
Following the third method, since it is correctEven a novice in this matter can figure it out, and after completingcorresponding measurements of the door leaf,cut the racks. For box designwith a threshold must be ensuredat the top and bottom the gap is no more than 5 mm between the edgesdoor leaf and grooves of the crossbar and threshold.That is, the timber should be cut 10 mm largerdoor leaf length. For a box without poroit is necessary to provide a gap at the topno more than 5 mm and from below the floor no less than 10 mm. That is, the stand must exceed the length by 15 mmdoor leaf.
Gaps on the sides (for a box with or without a threshold)set the same - no more than 5 mm. For thisthe crossbar and threshold are cut 10 mm longerdoor frame width taking into account thicknesstimber of both racks - 50 mm. Othersin words, the crossbar (K) should be equal to:
K = B + 2h + 2b,
where B is the width of the door leaf, mm;
h - gaps on the sides, 5 mm;
b - thickness of two racks, 50 mm.
Next, a cutout for the groove is marked at the ends of the racks,accurately taking the dimensions of the convex part (shelves)ki) crossbar and threshold (Fig. A). By thismarkings, carefully cut out the necessaryrecess (Fig. b). Then, having built themmakeshift workbench of four stoolsthe same height at the corners of the future doorboxes connecting the ends of the racks to the thresholdand the crossbar, while the groove is aligned with the shelvescoy and fix it with screws. If the threshold is not aboveconsidered (Fig. G), then the lower ends of the racks are temporarily fixed to the rail, observingthe corresponding width of the door leaf and forZorov on the sides. The box is ready.
Door frame assembly:
- a - the ends of the vertical and horizontal bars of the box;
- b - cut groove on verticaltimber under the shelf of a horizontal beam;
- c - box with threshold;
- g - box without threshold.
After this, place the door inside the frame and youalign the gaps along the edges (Fig. A). Thenapply awnings, door lock and acceptmounting bar at the place of their installation (Fig. b) to determine their location (Fig. V). For mortise lock marked on the door leafposition of the locking mechanism box and fixiebreaking bar. Installation location door hinges (canopies) are laid at a distance of 15–20 cmfrom the edges, and mortise locks - 85–95 cm from the floor.
Marking the door leaf and frame for installing awnings and a mortise lock:
- a - placing the door inside the frameand alignment of gaps;
- b - attaching awnings and a lock;
- c - marking the location of the canopies and the lock.
The choice of lock depends on the purpose of the room.In interior rooms they are mainly usednom so-called latch locks (Fig. A), intended for fixing the door in a closedcondition. In outdoor areas, includingand those where it is necessary to restrict access (toexample, furnace), more difficult to install locks with a locking device are usedand keys (Fig. b).
Some types of mortise locks:
- a - latch lock;
- b - locking device.
As for door hinges (canopies), the modernThe mining industry offers manyoptions for their execution, distinguished by designstructure, installation methods, degree of strength and appearance.
For entrance doors and heavy doorsFor different fabrics, it is better to choose overhead awnings(rice. A), for light interior - hinges -butterflies (Fig. b). Overhead awnings in slowhen mature they have a thickness of 6–8 mm, thereforewhen installing, they must be deepened into the enddoor leaf. Butterfly loops are thickwell, about 3 mm, they are easily fixed in placeand do not require insertion.
Some types of door hinges:
- a - overhead canopies;
- b - butterfly loops.
After selecting door hinges (canopies) and mortiselocks, you can begin installing them. FirstThe first step is to install the door leaf on its edge (Fig. A) and transfer the previously made layoutku from the front side to the end of the door usingsquare (Fig. b). Between two linesmarkings apply a canopy (Fig. V) and essayread its longitudinal side (Fig. G). Having thus determined the place where the canopy will be planted,it is buried to the thickness of the petal (Fig. d). To do this, you can use a chisel ormanual electric milling machine. At the end of thisstage, fix the hinges to the door leafrupees (Fig. e).
Sequence of installation of canopies:
- a - installation on the edge of the door leaf;
- b - transfer of markings to the end;
- c - determination of the location of the loops;
- g - delineation longitudinal side of the canopy;
- d - deepening of the canopy by thickness petal;
- e - mounting the canopy on screws.
Next, the door leaf is installed againstpositive rib (Fig. A) and proceed to monI say mortise lock. The markings that were madeearlier, transferred using a square(rice. b) and use it to determine the axial (centralny) line (Fig. V). Then the contours are drawnfixing plate, as well as the locking bodymechanism, leaving allowances of 2–3 mm with eachsides (Fig. G). Prepare the nest according to the markingsunder the body of the locking mechanism and a recess under the landing zone of the fixing bar (Fig. d). Next, holes are drilled on the sides of the canvasFor door handles, key holder and tensionerscrews in the appropriate areas and assemblelock at the insertion point (Fig. e). SimilarThis is how the latches fit into place.
Door lock insertion sequence:
- a - installation of the door leaf on the edge;
- b - transfer of markings;
- c - determination of the center line of the locking device and door canvases;
- d - determination of the position of the fixing plateand lock body with allowances;
- d - preparing the nest formechanism and recesses for the fixing bar;
- e - drilling necessary holes and assembly of the mechanism.
Finally, all that remains is to arrange for the latch andporn tongue entrances in the box. Forthis is done by placing the receiving strip in placeinstallations, then mark the necessary nichesand deepen them. Then fix the bar andplacing the door leaf in the open positionnii in relation to the box (Fig. A), windowscarefully fix the awnings to the jamb as previouslyto the intended marks (Fig. b).
Work on installing the latch and locking tongue of the door leaf in the frame:
- a - installation of the receiving strip;
- b - fixation of canopies.
The door is closed and the accuracy is checked againmaking gaps between the canvas and the boxcoy, as well as the quality of operation of the mortise lock whenopening (closing). If it is needed,perform adjustments to attached parts. After this, along the upper corners and lower sidesthe door frame is filled with slats (Fig. A), without fear of damaging the front of the jamb -subsequently it will be covered with platbands. Suchthe procedure will protect the box from skewing during installationadjustment and will make it easier to install the door flushwith the surface of the walls. If a door is built inbox without threshold, first fix the slats,then remove the temporary beam attachedto the bottom of the racks (Fig. b).
Preparation assembled door for installation in a doorway:
- a - stuffing slats,
- b - fixing the slats and removing the temporary beam.
To install a door flush with plasterwalls, you need to insert the box andpanel into the opening and press the protruding ends of the slatsto Wall. After this you need to checkhorizontal and vertical positiondoor frame. If there are distortions, for examplemeasures horizontally, you need to place the hats underone of the pillars (if the door has no threshold) or sidesthreshold until complete leveling (Fig. A). If the vertical is not maintained, then level itwith slabs between the ends of the slats and the wall. That isin order to tilt the door forward, placingput the slabs under the top slats so that back - underends of the bottom rail (Fig. b).
Installing a door into an opening:
- a - horizontal adjustment (front view);
- b - vertical adjustment (side view).
Having established the correct position of the door, pillardoor frame is fixed to the wall using any up toin a step-by-step way. After this, all slats are removedand begin to eliminate the gaps between the doorbox and opening (Fig. A). First fillremove the voids between the frame and the wall installationwith foam (Fig. b). Then after dryingfoam and trimming its excess from the front side towear plaster mortar, and from the back - ustrathey live door slope(rice. V). After thatyou can start finishing the windowsafter which the platbands are stuffed (Fig. G).
Preparing the door perimeter for finishing:
- A - installed door in the opening;
- b - filling the voids of the assembly room foam;
- c - arrangement of slopes;
- G - finishing and installation of platbands.
The door structure of a swing door consists of a frame that is fixed into the wall opening and a blank or glazed panel hung on the frame. A frame with a hung leaf forms a door block.
House entrance doors. Doors leading from the premises to the street protect the interior from various atmospheric influences; they themselves must be protected from hacking and have an attractive appearance. It is most rational to place external doors on the side opposite to the direction of the prevailing winds; thus, the impact of streams of slanting rain on the door will be minimized. With a different location, you will have to frequently restore the paint and repair outer door. In addition, in this case, in the lower part of the door block it is necessary to provide special measures against the flow of rainwater during strong winds or to protect the entrance doors by installing awnings, canopies or vestibules. Tambours are rooms that serve as a buffer zone between the outside and internal air. Thanks to the vestibule in winter, cold air cannot directly penetrate inside the apartment, and warm air- go outside. The vestibules, therefore, perform a heat-protective function. They are also often a place where dirt and moisture remain and do not penetrate further into the house or apartment.
It is often necessary to ensure high heat-shielding properties interior spaces, in this case, the entrance doors are thermally insulated, and to increase the sound insulation properties, the door leaf is backfilled with heavy bulk materials, such as sand or lead shot.
Double skinned doors consist of two layers of nailed or glued boards. A paneled door can also have double lining. The quarters are formed by a recess in the double skin.
Paneled doors (doors with frame construction) consist of frame and panel. Panels made of glass or wood can be installed in the grooves of the trim, be floating or closed with a glazing bead.
The strapping elements are connected into a tenon and groove, wedged and glued together. When the thickness of the strapping is more than 50 mm, the corners are connected with a double tenon. There is also a connection at an acute angle into a small tenon.
The doorway is blocked from above by a lintel that transfers the load from the overlying structures to the partitions. The size of the doorway should be slightly larger than the door frame. It is desirable that there is a gap of at least 2 cm wide between the box and the wall, which can be used for laying thermal insulation material.
The door frame is a frame made of bars with rebates, which are secured with steel plates or with the help of spacer dowels. For doors with heavy leaves, anchors embedded in the masonry should be used.
For a door frame with a threshold in the floor, two embedded parts are used. If the width of the door leaf exceeds 1250 mm, the frame is additionally secured in the middle of the upper horizontal bar. It is secured on the sides with dowels, and at the top and in the threshold with screws. In the places of fastening, place thin wooden planks so that there are no voids between the wall and the box and it stands straight. Countersinks are made under the heads of nails and screws (recesses made with a countersink - a spear drill, a triangular spatula - for recessing the heads of nails, screws, screws). Then these places are puttied.
Hanging the door leaf and checking the accuracy of the fit (if the door leaf touches the lower bars of the frame when opening, it is lifted or planed from below).
Checking the tightness of the door rebate and the operation of the lock. Fastening the side of the box where the lock is embedded with two nails and a secondary check of the accuracy of the fit of the canvas to the box.
Doors are usually attached at three points in height to the vertical bars of the frame. Attachment points are located, if possible, at a height convenient for performing work. For doors standard height the extreme attachment points are usually approximately 30 cm from the top frame of the box and 25 cm from the threshold.
The boxes are aligned and secured with wedges; then they are connected to the embedded part installed in the masonry. If steel linings are used, then first they are attached to the box, and after installing the box in the opening, the other end of the linings is attached to the wall with nails or dowels. In two or three places along the height of the box, small holes are made through which they are pumped into the gap. cement mortar. To prevent the vertical bars of the box from bending into the opening when the solution is pumped and hardened, they are temporarily secured with a special spacer or a regular board.
External entrance door leaves are hung in boxes on hinges with non-removable rods, on spring hinges that allow opening door leaves in both directions, or installed on thrust bearings.
Apartment doors, that is, doors separating apartment premises from staircase or lobby, must be burglary-proof, soundproof and retain heat inside the apartment. The sound insulation ability must be certified by a test certificate from a reputable government agency. The degree of sound insulation of a door is largely determined by its mass, as well as the properties of the filling material. inner space material.
STEEL DOOR BLOCKS
Specifications
INTERSTATE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL COMMISSION
ON STANDARDIZATION, TECHNICAL REGULATION
AND CERTIFICATION IN CONSTRUCTION (MNTKS)
Moscow
Preface
The Eurasian Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (EASC) is a regional association of national standardization bodies of the states that are members of the Commonwealth of Independent States. In the future, it is possible for national standardization bodies of other states to join the EASC.
Under the EASC there is the Interstate Scientific and Technical Commission for Standardization, Technical Standardization and Certification in Construction (MNTKS), which is given the right to accept international state standards in the field of construction
The goals, basic principles and basic procedure for carrying out work on interstate standardization are established by GOST 1.0-92 “Interstate standardization system. Basic provisions" and MSN 1.01-01-96 "System of interstate regulatory documents in construction. Basic provisions"
Standard information
1 DEVELOPED by the Center for Certification of Window and Door Equipment and the Federal State Unitary Enterprise Central Design and Technology Bureau (FSUE "TsPKTB" of the State Construction Committee of Russia) with the participation of the ANOO Academy "Safety and Law" and the company "Abloy Oy", Bjorkboda plant, Finland
2 INTRODUCED by the State Construction Committee of Russia
3 ADOPTED by the Interstate Scientific and Technical Commission for Standardization, Technical Regulation and Certification in Construction (INTKS) on May 14, 2003.
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Short name of the country according to MK (ISO 3166) 004-97 |
Country code according to MK (ISO 3166) 004-97 |
Abbreviated name of the body government controlled construction |
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Ministry of Urban Development of the Republic of Armenia |
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Kazakhstan |
Kazconstruction Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan |
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Kyrgyzstan |
State Commission for Architecture and Construction under the Government of the Kyrgyz Republic |
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Ministry of Ecology, Construction and Territorial Development of the Republic of Moldova |
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Gosstroy of Russia |
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Tajikistan |
Komarchstroy of the Republic of Tajikistan |
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Uzbekistan |
Gosarchitectstroy of the Republic of Uzbekistan |
4 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME
5 Entered into force on March 1, 2004 as a state standard of the Russian Federation by Decree of the State Construction Committee of Russia dated June 20, 2003 No. 76
Information on the entry into force (termination) of this standard and amendments to it on the territory of the above states is published in the indexes of national (state) standards published in these states.
Information about changes to this standard is published in the index (catalog) “Interstate Standards”, and the text of the changes is published in the information indexes “Interstate Standards”. In case of revision or cancellation of this standard, the relevant information will be published in the information index “Interstate Standards”.
INTERSTATE STANDARD
STEEL DOOR BLOCKS
Technicalconditions
Steel doors Specifications
Date of introduction – 2004-03-01
1 area of use
This standard applies to steel door blocks with installed locking devices (hereinafter referred to as door blocks or products) for buildings and structures for various purposes.
The standard does not apply to door units for special purposes in terms of additional requirements for fire safety, explosion and bullet resistance, exposure to aggressive environments, etc., as well as to door units of protective cabins in accordance with current regulatory documentation.
The scope of application of specific types of products is established depending on the operating conditions in accordance with the current building codes and rules taking into account the requirements of this standard.
The standard can be applied for certification purposes.
2 Normative references
References to the following standards are used in this document:
1 - upper locking bolt; 2 - upper link of the main lock; 3 - canvas frame (welded steel profiles); 4 - places for attaching the internal “hatch”; 5 - valve; 6 - place of fastening of the upper link; 7 - crossbar of the lever lock; 8 - latch; 9 - cylinder lock bolt; 10 - lower rod of the main lock; 11 - places for attaching trim; 12 - internal cavity for filler; 13 - vertical rod guide; 14 - lower locking bolt; 15 - mounting “eye”; 16 - threshold; 17 - hole for anti-removable bolt (pin); 18 - anti-removable passive bolt (pin); 19 - installation anchor; 20 - box (frame); 21 - combined lever-cylinder lock; 22 - inner steel sheet; 23 - outer steel sheet; 24 - loop knot; 25 - peephole
Picture 1 - An example of the design of a door block, the leaf of which is welded from two steel sheets and steel profiles, the box (frame) is made of bent steel profile
Canvas with two steel sheets, steel profiles box-section and honeycomb filling
Canvas with an outer steel sheet and an inner sheet of fiberboard, with profiles of complex cross-section and filled with wood or mineral insulation
“Bent box” type canvas, with U-shaped steel profiles and foam filling
Canvas with outer steel sheet and inner fiberboard sheet, corner steel profiles with wood bars and foam filling
Figure 2 - Examples of door leaf designs
Figure 3 - An example of the design of a door block welded from steel sheets and profiles (with the middle profile of the frame and leaf filled with wood and foam material)
Figure 4 - An example of a door block design, welded from steel sheets and profiles, with natural wood cladding
Figure 5 - An example of the design of a double-leaf door block with cladding made of wood or wood-based materials (horizontal section)
Figure 6 - Examples of door leaf designs welded from two flat steel sheets and steel profiles (a) and a “bent frame” type door leaf (b) with vertical reinforcing profiles
5.4 Requirements for materials and components (including sealing gaskets)
5.4.1 Materials and components used for the manufacture of door blocks must comply with the requirements of standards, technical specifications, technical certificates approved in the prescribed manner.
5.4.2 Materials and components used for the manufacture of door blocks must be resistant to climatic influences.
5.4.3 The surfaces of steel elements of boxes and canvases must not have cracks, mechanical damage, cavities, bends, or rust. On the front surfaces of steel elements, minor local depressions, scratches, and waviness up to 0.5 mm deep are allowed, which do not reduce the functional properties and quality of the products.
5.4.4 Steel structural parts must be made from steel grades that provide the strength characteristics of structural elements, welded, bolted and other connections, depending on the nature and conditions of their operation.
It is recommended to make steel elements from steel grade not lower than StZkp2 according to GOST 380, rolled section according to GOST 1050 or high-alloy steel according to GOST 5632.
5.4.5 Sealing gaskets must be made of weather-freeze-resistant elastic polymer materials according to GOST 30778.
The sealing gaskets must fit tightly, preventing the penetration of water. Sealing gaskets must be installed continuously along the entire perimeter of the rebate.
5.4.6 Wooden laminated cladding panels must meet the requirements of GOST 30972, profile molded wooden parts- GOST 8242.
5.5 Requirements for hinges, locks and other locking devices
5.5.1 When manufacturing products, locking and auxiliary devices and hinges are used, specially designed for use in metal door blocks. Examples of hinge and lock designs are given in the Appendix.
The type, number, location and method of fastening of locking devices and hinges are established in working documentation based on the size and weight of the opening elements of the product, as well as the operating conditions of the door blocks. It is recommended to hang door panels weighing more than 200 kg, as well as products used in public buildings (schools, hospitals, etc.) on three hinges. The recommended location of the middle loop is 150 - 200 mm below the top.
5.5.2 To hang canvases on a box (frame), it is recommended to use overhead bearing or other hinges with the ability to adjust in different planes.
5.5.3 Door blocks must be equipped with locks of at least class III according to GOST 5089 . Locks must comply with the requirements of GOST 538 and GOST 5089 .
To improve the protective properties of door blocks, it is recommended to use multi-bolt locks with locking around the perimeter of the door block or locks with rods with additional locking in the upper and lower horizontal profiles of the frame.
To avoid clogging of the hole for the lower vertical bolt, which is included in the lower profile of the box, it is recommended to use deviators.
5.5.4 Depending on the purpose of the door blocks, in the design documentation, as well as when placing orders, it is necessary to provide for the complete set of products with bolts, door closes (closers), opening angle limiters (stops), eyes, chains, etc.
Once every two years
Reliability
Compliance with ergonomic requirements
Reduced resistance heat transfer
Once every five years
Breathability
Soundproofing
* Test type I - acceptance tests during acceptance control; type of test II - acceptance tests carried out by the quality service of the manufacturer; test type III - periodic tests carried out in independent testing centers.
** Controlled nominal dimensions for test type II are established in the technological documentation.
6.5 Each batch of products undergoes control acceptance tests conducted by the quality service of the manufacturer. The list of monitored indicators and frequency of monitoring are given in the table.
To conduct tests, samples of door blocks are taken from a batch of products using a random selection method in the amount of 3% of the batch volume, but not less than 3 pieces. If there are less than 3 products in a batch, each product is subject to control.
In case of a negative test result for at least one indicator, a recheck quality of products on a double number of samples according to the indicator that had a negative test result.
If a non-compliance of the indicator with the established requirements is detected again on at least one sample, the control and subsequent batches of products are subjected to continuous control (grading). If the result of continuous control is positive, they return to the established procedure for acceptance tests.
6.6 Periodic tests on the performance indicators specified in - are carried out when putting into production or when making changes to the design of products or their manufacturing technology, but at least once during the period established in the table, as well as during certification of products. In justified cases, it is allowed to combine periodic and certification tests.
Qualification tests of products are carried out for all indicators when the product is put into production.
Tests are carried out in testing centers accredited to conduct them.
Tests to determine the reduced resistance to heat transfer, air permeability, and sound insulation are carried out on structures designed to withstand these loads according to their area of application.
6.7 The consumer has the right to carry out quality control checks of products, while observing the sampling procedure and test methods specified in this standard.
When accepting products by the consumer, a batch is considered to be the number of products shipped according to a specific order, but not more than 90 pieces, documented in one quality document.
Maximum deviations from the nominal dimensions of product elements, the difference in diagonal lengths and other dimensions are determined using a metal measuring tape in accordance with GOST 7502, calipers in accordance with GOST 166, probes in accordance with ND.
Maximum deviations from the straightness of edges are determined by applying a straight edge in accordance with GOST 8026 or a building level with a flatness tolerance of at least the 9th degree of accuracy in accordance with GOST 9416 to the part being tested and measuring largest gap using ND probes.
7.2.2 The maximum deviations from the nominal dimensions of the gaps under the overlay are checked using a set of feeler gauges or a ruler in accordance with GOST 427.
7.2.3 The sag in the mating of adjacent parts lying in the same plane is determined with a feeler gauge as the distance from the edge of a ruler according to GOST 427, applied to the upper mating surface, to the lower surface.
7.2.4 Appearance, the quality of welds, color and quality of finishing of products is assessed visually by comparison with standard samples approved in in the prescribed manner. Surface defects visible to the naked eye from a distance of 1.5 m in natural light of at least 300 lux are not allowed.
7.2.5 Adhesion (adhesion strength of paint and varnish coatings to the metal surface) is determined by the method of lattice cuts according to GOST 15140 .
8 Packaging, transportation and storage
8.1 Packaging of products must ensure their safety during storage, loading and unloading operations and transportation.
8.2 Devices or parts of devices that are not installed on the products must be packaged in plastic film in accordance with GOST 10354 or in other packaging material that ensures their safety, tightly bandaged and supplied complete with the products.
8.3 Opening panels of products must be closed with all locking devices before packaging and transportation.
8.4 Products are transported by all modes of transport in accordance with the rules for the carriage of goods in force for this type of transport.
8.5 When storing and transporting products, they must be protected from mechanical damage and exposure to precipitation.
8.6 When storing and transporting products, it is recommended to install gaskets made of elastic materials between products.
8.7 Products are stored vertically or horizontally on wooden supports, pallets or in special containers in covered areas.
8.8 The guaranteed shelf life of products is 1 year from the date of shipment of the products by the manufacturer.
9 Manufacturer's warranty
9.1 The manufacturer guarantees that products comply with the requirements of this standard, provided that the consumer complies with the rules of transportation, storage, installation, operation, as well as the scope of application established in the regulatory and design documentation.
9.2 By agreement with the consumer (customer), the manufacturer provides service, including emergency opening of doors in case of loss or breakage of keys, advice on the use and operation of door devices and locking mechanisms, and repair of products.
9.3 The warranty period for door blocks is established in the supply contract, but not less than three years from the date of shipment of the products by the manufacturer.
A -right opening door block; b - left opening door block; V - right-hand opening door block with horizontal and vertical inserts
(informative)
An example of determining the strength class of a door block
Figure D.1 -Deflection graph Δf, mm, free angle of the blade from the applied load R, kN, when testing door blocks for resistance to static load acting perpendicular to the plane of the leaf in the free corner area
An example of filling out a door block passport
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___________________________________________________ |
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(name of manufacturer) |
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__________________________________________________________________ |
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(address, telephone, fax of the manufacturer) |
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Passport(quality document) |
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a) design - single-floor, right-hand design, with a threshold, opening inward; |
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b) overall dimensions - height 2300 mm, width 970 mm. |
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Symbol DSN PPVn 3-2-3 M2 U 2300-900-60 GOST 31173-2003 |
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Certificate of conformity ____________________________ |
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(certificate number) |
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Completeness |
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a) type of finishing of the canvas - combined (milled MDF board; vinyl leather); |
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b) door hinges - two overhead bearing hinges; |
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c) locking devices - lever lock and lock with a cylinder mechanism; |
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d) number of sealing gasket circuits - 2 circuits; |
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d) additional information. The product delivery set includes: door closer (closing regulator), door stop ( opening limiter), user manual. |
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Basic specifications, confirmed by tests |
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The reduced heat transfer resistance is 0.65 m 2 °C/W. Air permeability at Δ P0 = 100 Pa - 15 m 3 / (h m 2). Sound insulation - 22 dB. |
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Reliability, opening-closing cycles - 500,000. Mechanical class - M 2. |
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Warranty period - 3 years. |
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Batch number - 89. |
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The order number/item in the order is 17/9. |
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Receiver QC._________________ Date of manufacture “___” ____________200__ |
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(signature) |
Appendix E
General requirements for installation of products
E.1 Requirements for the installation of products are established in the design documentation for construction projects, taking into account the design options for junctions of products to walls adopted in the project, designed for specified climatic and other loads.
E.2 Installation of products must be carried out by specialized construction companies or specially trained teams of the manufacturer. Ending installation work must be confirmed by an acceptance certificate, which includes the warranty obligations of the work manufacturer.
E.3 At the request of the consumer (customer), the manufacturer (supplier) of products must provide him with standard instructions for the installation of door blocks, approved by the head of the manufacturer and containing:
drawings (diagrams) of typical mounting junction units;
list of materials used (taking into account their compatibility and temperature conditions applications);
subsequence technological operations for installation of door blocks.
E.4 When designing and executing junction units, the following conditions must be met:
sealing installation gaps between the products and the slopes of the openings of wall structures should be tight, sealed along the entire perimeter of the door block, designed to withstand climatic loads outside and operating conditions indoors;
the design of the junction points of external products (including the location of the door block along the depth of the opening) should maximally prevent the formation of cold bridges (thermal bridges) leading to the formation of condensation on internal surfaces doorways;
the operational characteristics of the structures of the abutment units must meet the requirements established in the building codes.
An option for the mounting assembly of the internal door block is shown in the figure
1 - frame (frame) of the door block; 2 - polyurethane foam; 3 - external seal; 4 - door leaf; 5 - internal seal; 6 - portal of decorative framing; 7 - platband; 8 - mounting anchor; 9 - mounting ear; 10 - wall
(informative)
Information about the developers of the standard
This standard was developed by a working group of specialists consisting of:
Vlasova T.V., CS ODT (head);
Mogutov A.V., NIISF RAASN;
Voronkova L.V., Federal State Unitary Enterprise TsPKTB Gosstroy of Russia;
Shvedov D.N., CS ODT;
Savchenko I.F., CS ODT;
Savenkov A.V., ANOO Academy “Security and Law”;
Petrov E.V., Association “Derzhava”;
G. Engblom, Abloy Oy, Bjorkboda plant, Finland;
Gavrilov V.I., NPVF “Class” CJSC;
Naan G.G., LLC BIT "Soyuz";
Vlasov A.A., Metal Geometry LLC;
Teplyakov N.N., Voronin V.M., NPP Modul LLC;
Leibman A.A., Leibman G.A., Le Grand LLC;
Fatykhov Kh.T., Olenev V.T., Guardian Company;
Khitkov V.Yu., Malovichko V.V., Sonex LLC;
Savich B. S., Federal State Unitary Enterprise CNS;
Shvedov N.V., Gosstroy of Russia.
Key words: door blocks, door leaf, frame, steel sheet
Our company presents ready-made doors with fittings, that is, one single door block in which everything is thought out to the smallest detail. All you have to do is insert the door block into the opening, wedge it and secure it polyurethane foam. Anyone can do this; installing a finished door takes about 20 minutes. Qualifications and experience are not needed in any case, and the result will be only one - 100% quality installation of the finished door block.
Characteristic
The door leaf has a magnetic lock insert, the hinges are screwed to the frame, the frame is assembled, everything is cut and drilled. The door block is packaged in one single package, it includes a box with a seal with a striker plate and installed hinges, a door leaf with an installed magnetic lock, the hinges are screwed and connected to the frame, a set of wedges, flashing strips on all sides, instructions and a matrix for quick installation pens.
Advantage of door blocks:
- Elimination of unnecessary problems associated with installing doors in your home, apartment or office.
- For construction companies saving time and money, two people will be enough to install the door block, they will install 20 doors in a day
- All doors have quality certificates and if you need door blocks for government procurement or tender, we guarantee 100% quality and minimum delivery times.
§ 21. Door blocks Classification of door blocks
The door block consists of a door frame and a door leaf hung on a vertical block of the frame on hinges.
According to their purpose, doors are divided into internal ones, including entrance doors from staircases to apartments and other premises, for sanitary facilities; external (entrance to buildings); vestibule and special soundproofing; fire protection; smoke-proof, etc. Internal doors can be interior doors, kitchen doors, for bathrooms, utility doors (for pantries, built-in wardrobes), for exiting to a balcony (balcony doors).
Doors according to their design are divided into frame (paneled); panel panels with solid or fine-hollow filling; with and without threshold; with and without transom. Based on the number of panels, there are single- and double-leaf doors, including those with panels of different widths.
Based on the direction and methods of opening, doors can be hinged, swinging and sliding, and based on the presence of glazing - glazed or solid.
Based on moisture resistance, doors are divided into doors of increased moisture resistance, intended for rooms with a constant relative air humidity of more than 60% (vestibule doors and doors installed in the external walls of buildings), and doors of normal moisture resistance - for rooms with a relative air humidity of up to 60%.
Depending on the finish, doors come with an opaque finishing coating (enamels, paints, lining with decorative sheet or film materials) and with a transparent finishing coating (transparent varnishes). In some rooms, for lighting with the so-called “second light”, a transom with a width equal to the width of the block is installed above the door.
In double-leaf door blocks, the gap formed between the leaves in the vestibule is closed on both sides with strips. In doors with swinging panels that open in different sides, the vestibule is not covered with a covering.
External door blocks are equipped with thresholds that improve thermal and sound insulation. Door blocks of internal doors are made with a threshold (entrance to apartments) and without a threshold (interior).
Depending on the hinge, doors are distinguished between right and left (Fig. 81). When installing a door block in an opening, the gap formed between the wall and the frame is caulked and covered with a casing.
For the purpose of sound and heat insulation, sealing gaskets made of polyurethane foam are installed in the blocks of entrance doors to the apartment.
Frame doors (Fig. 82) consist of vertical, horizontal and middle bars (strapping) with a thickness of 44.52 and a width of 122 mm. The gaps between the strapping bars and mullions are filled with shields - panels, glass. Panels can be made of planks (mainly in external doors), plywood, fiberboard or particleboard.
The plank panels are connected into a groove and overlap; in the latter case, the panel on the opposite side of the overlap is covered with a figured layout, which is attached to the bars with pins recessed into the wood or with hidden screws. It is not allowed to attach layouts to plank panels. Frame doors are mainly used as entrance doors from the street to premises.
Panel door represents wooden frame, assembled from wooden blocks with a cross-section of 32...34x40...60 mm, which are connected in the corners with metal clips or on tenons (dowels), filled with a center of various designs and lined on both sides with solid fiberboard or plywood, sliced veneer, paper- layered decorative plastic, decorative polyvinyl chloride film, decorative paper.
The panel door is lightweight, has good soundproofing qualities, strength, dimensional stability, hygiene, and is easy to use. The manufacture of a panel door requires a small amount of materials, mostly of low grades. For residential and public buildings Panel doors are manufactured with or without lining. The trim is attached around the perimeter to the door in a groove and tongue on three sides.
Internal wooden doors for residential and public buildings, depending on the design, are divided into the following types (GOST 6629-88): G - with blank leaves; O - with glazed panels; K - with glazed swinging panels; U - with solid filling of canvases, reinforced for entrances to apartments.
Doors of types G and O are manufactured with single- and double-leaf leaves with fine-hollow (lattice) filling of the leaves, with and without a threshold, with overlay and without overlay, with facings and without facings, with frames and without frames.
Doors of type K are manufactured with double-leaf leaves, with fine-hollow filling of the leaves, without a threshold, without overlap, with and without facings, with frames.
Doors of type U are manufactured with single-leaf blind leaves, with a threshold, without overlap, without facings, with reinforced frames or without frames. Shields in doors of this type are filled with calibrated thickness wooden slats or chipboards - chipboard, as well as chipboard strips calibrated in width, laid on the edge. The vertical bars of the frame of this canvas must have a width of at least 90 mm, horizontal bars - at least 45 mm. The bars are connected in the corners with glue into a tenon or with dowels or paper clips.
D 
Belts used for sanitary cabins may be manufactured with a sheet 30 mm thick and a height of at least 1800 mm, with a box beam width of at least 50 mm.
Doors of types O and K can be made of a frame structure with a beam width of at least 100 mm. A box without a threshold is embroidered from below with a mounting board, which is secured with nails or using tenon joints to the ends of the vertical bars.
In doors of types O and K of public buildings, protective fences are installed on both sides of three wooden strips with a pitch of 150 mm, protecting the glass from damage.
Doors of type U and frameless types G and O are equipped with sealing gaskets made of polyurethane foam (GOST 10174-90). The design of type O doors is shown in Fig. 83. Door thickness 40 mm. The filling of the panels (Fig. 84) of door panels can be solid wood, bars (slats) or chipboard strips, small-hollow wooden bars (slats) or chipboard strips with a pitch of 40...60 mm, small-hollow veneer, plywood, hard or soft fiberboard, paper honeycombs.
In the middle of the door panels, bars are placed to install the lock and handles. The length of the bars should be 400 mm for canvases with a height of 2000 mm.
For the construction of unique buildings (theatres, museums), high-quality doors lined with wood are manufactured valuable species(oak, walnut, mahogany, rosewood) and finished with light varnish to preserve the texture. Doors of residential and public buildings are painted with oil or synthetic paints and enamels, including water-based ones.
The door frame is a frame designed for fastening door leaves. Door frames come with or without a threshold. A box with a threshold is assembled from two vertical and two horizontal bars connected to each other by a tenon joint with glue and dowels.
A box without a threshold consists of two vertical and an upper horizontal bars, connected by a tenon joint with glue and fastened with dowels in the corners. Door leaves are hung in frames with two hinges, and type U doors with three hinges.
External wooden doors for residential and public buildings (GOST 24698-81), depending on the purpose, are entrance and vestibule type H, service doors - C, hatches and manholes - JI. Doors of type H are made of panels or frames (paneled), and panel doors can be with slatted cladding.
D 
Veri types H and C can be single- and double-sided, glazed and with blank panels, with or without a threshold. Panel doors (leaves) must be filled with calibrated slats in thickness. When covering door leaves on the outside with profiled slats on a layer of glassine or galvanized sheet steel, it is allowed to use solid fiber boards or FK grade plywood for the manufacture of doors. Tambour doors can be made without lining with wooden slats. The slats are attached to the canvas with screws or nails 40 mm long with an anti-corrosion coating in increments of up to 500 mm. In the lower part of the door leaf of type H, they are protected with wooden strips 16...19 mm thick (Fig. 85) or strips of decorative laminated paper 1.2...2.5 mm thick.
The leaves and frames of fire-resistant and insulated type C doors are sheathed with thin-sheet galvanized steel with a thickness of 0.35...0.8 mm. Fire-resistant door leaves are protected on both sides with 5 mm thick asbestos cardboard.
The doors are glazed with window glass 4...5 mm thick (GOST 111-90). When installing glass at a distance of less than 800 mm from the bottom of the panel, install a protective fence (grid).
Wooden doors (GOST 14624-84) are intended for production buildings of industrial and agricultural enterprises. Depending on their purpose, they are divided into internal (B) and external (H). By design, doors are available with a quarter rebate with blind leaves (G), with a quarter rebate with glazed leaves (O), and also with glazed swinging leaves (K). Doors are divided into panel doors with solid or lattice filling and frame doors.
Doors of types G and K are manufactured with right or left hinged leaves, with or without a threshold.
Internal doors of type G have a height of 1800 and 2000 and a width of 800... 1802 mm, type O - a height of 2000 and a width of 1402... 1802 mm, type K - a height of 2000 and a width of 1408... 1808 mm. External doors of types G and O have a height of 2000...2300 and a width of 800...900 mm. The thickness of the doors is 40 mm. External doors are lined with hard fiberboard or plywood and must be sheathed with profiled layouts (GOST 8242-88) over a layer of glassine. The layouts are secured with screws or nails with an anti-corrosion coating in increments of up to 500 mm. The lower part of the outer panels is lined with a plinth made of laminated paper plastic 220 mm wide, at least 2 mm thick, or made of super-hard fibreboards (GOST 4598-86), thin galvanized steel or aluminum. Sections of external doors panel structure are shown in Fig. 86.
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