Instructions for building a house from timber. A tale about how to build a house from timber yourself from the foundation to the roof. Construction of walls and laying floors

If you have an idea to build a house with your own hands, then the difficulty of choosing a material will be relevant.

Most budget option There will be construction of a house from timber. Despite the cheapness of this material, the house will be quite warm, durable and strong.

After studying the Internet, you will find that in most cases it is advised to choose timber with a cross-section of 150x150 mm.

But if you don’t want to attract additional labor, such lumber as dry timber 150x100 mm will suit you, which after erection and shrinkage can be insulated using mineral wool. The house will not be inferior in thermal insulation to other buildings made of larger cross-section timber.

Construction stages and foundation construction

And so, the material has been purchased, we begin building the house:

Initially, it is necessary to clear the space and level the area for the foundation;
In accordance with the composition of the soil, determine the type of foundation (specialized reference literature will help with this).

The foundation can be piled, monolithic or strip, which is more often used, because wooden houses are relatively light.

After installing the foundation, the concrete should gain strength (3-4 weeks), then we proceed to laying the timber. Even before laying, it is necessary to prepare dowels (dowels) - this is what is used to fasten the timber laid in the crowns together. They are usually made from dense wood (larch).

If the beam size is 150x100 mm, dowels about 12 cm long are suitable. Also, the technology for laying timber requires laying inter-crown insulation. Usually this rolled materials such as jute, you can also use tow or moss.

According to the advice of experts, you should use fresh red or peat moss that has been stored for no more than 3 weeks.

The first crown of the future house should be made of larch, which is not subject to rotting. For greater reliability, it can be treated with bitumen.

The beams of the first crown are fastened together using a technique known as “half a tree” - the ends of the beam are cut lengthwise and crosswise. It is also necessary to fasten such a knot using staples or nails.

Methods of attaching timber to the foundation

At the stage of pouring the base into it upper layer install bolts with curved or cone-shaped bases. The distance between such bolts should not exceed more than 0.5 m. There should be at least two bolts for each element of the first crown.

In the timber of the first crown, even before laying, it is necessary to drill holes for the studs located in the foundation.

Pre-cut roofing material is laid on top of the grillage, which acts as a waterproofing material.

After laying the first crown and securing it to the foundation studs using washers and locknuts, align the horizontal line so that the house turns out without distortions. It is also recommended to check the diagonals.

Having laid the first crown, we begin to build the walls.

To do this you will need a variety of tools:

Note!

Gasoline or electric saw;
Hand-held circular saw;
Drill;
Level;
Roulette;
Axe;
Hammer;
Screwdriver;
Hammer;
Plane.

Also needed Consumables- nails, self-tapping screws, inter-crown insulation, fire-bioprotective impregnations.

After preparing everyone necessary materials and tools, we begin to build the walls of your future home. The timber is laid in rows (crowns) until the wall reaches the required height.

After laying 4-5 crowns, jambs for door and window openings. At the next stage, the final construction of the walls under the roof takes place.

Construction of roof and floors

We strongly do not recommend saving on materials for roofing installation. This part of the house can be designed in several versions:

Single-pitch;
Gable;
Hip;
Tent;
Half-hip;
Multi-pincer;
Vaulted and diamond roofing.

It all depends on your desire, Money and the complexity of the rafter system.

Note!

Floors and ceilings in the house are also an important stage of construction. When arranging them, they are mainly guided by personal preferences, but high-quality waterproofing is mandatory for any manufacturing option. This is especially true for basements and plinths.

Photo of a house made of timber with your own hands

Note!

Natural wood is distinguished by its environmental purity and incredible nobility, so it is valued at all times, despite the fact that construction market occupied innovative materials. Construction timber houses for year-round or seasonal living has reached a qualitatively new level thanks to the huge number of advantages of the material, as well as improved methods of its processing and installation.

Such a home has an attractive appearance, which is important, especially for people who value aesthetics in everything. What kind of material is this and what is needed to build a house from timber, this instruction will tell you.

Choosing the type of wood

Before getting acquainted with the structure itself and finding out the features of its installation, we suggest considering the characteristics of the wood species used for these purposes. Currently, manufacturers prefer coniferous wood:

pine;
fir;
larch.

Distinctive properties of wood species

Very rarely, but still, in this segment there are also deciduous trees, for example, birch. It may mistakenly seem that coniferous materials are identical, but they have significant differences, and we can’t help but mention them:

Spruce and fir are considered the most affordable;
spruce allows you to achieve a uniform color color, since such material is characterized by ideal uniformity;
Fir has very beautiful fibers, but, unfortunately, it is less durable. 2 years after the log house is ready, you will encounter the fact that some fibers will begin to darken;
country houses made of larch are the most practical, because such material is absolutely not afraid of a humid environment, is durable, and this is precisely its advantages;
Birch timber is popular for a reason affordable price, but the quality here is also not high, which is not suitable for the construction of country houses, so experts categorically do not advise considering such wood, as well as fir, as a raw material, since here the disadvantages clearly outweigh the advantages.

Device for measuring wood moisture content - needle moisture meter

Before you begin assembling the log house, you need to pay attention to the moisture content of the timber. Without checking its level, which should be within 23%, the material cannot be used. If you neglect this rule, after some time you may encounter severe cracking of the structure. Therefore, at the acceptance stage, we recommend purchasing or renting a moisture meter, with which you can easily measure the moisture content of the received timber.

Now the workpieces are dried or in a natural way, or using drying chambers. In the first case, we are faced with a long process, so modern manufacturers give preference chamber drying. This process happens quickly, but here the cost of paying for energy increases, the material becomes more expensive and this affects the final cost for the buyer.

Description and characteristics

A beam is a log with hewn edges, mainly square section, can have different section sizes. This configuration is full of advantages, and above all, it is consistent thickness along the entire length, which simplifies the finishing process of country buildings. You can also save on insulation here. Wood acquires special properties after it is treated with special impregnations that protect against moisture, combustion, and putrefactive processes.

Connecting elements

The beams can be connected in various ways:

tongue and groove;
half;
end-to-end;
on dowels, etc.

The simplest connection can be called a “butt” connection, and it is precisely this system that is used to equip the products from which economy-class country log houses are built. You can assemble it yourself easily and quickly, but you need to remember about the “cold” lock, which needs to be additionally insulated to prevent drafts and cold air masses from entering the living spaces.

The butt joint is the coldest and therefore requires additional insulation. Try to use a different type of joint.

Profiled timber

It has a special comb joint geometry, which makes the connection very tight and airtight. Now it is very common for year-round residence they build structures from precisely this material, because it has undeniable advantages over ordinary timber.

Profiled timber is made from solid logs, which are planed on all sides and have ideal level humidity, and differ in the same thickness along the entire length.

Pros and cons of profiled material

The advantages of this technology include:

simple installation diagram;
strictly verified dimensions of lumber, specified by professional equipment;
connections in the form of landing cups and grooves prevent cracking of wood during year-round use

Glued construction

The production of products of this type involves the use of lamellas glued together. To ensure that the finished product of modern industry is durable and lasts a long time, the drying process is carefully monitored. Technological instructions gluing individual segments involves placing the best types of wood in the outer part of the laminated timber.

The beams are fastened together using tenons and grooves, which is very practical and easy to implement. The technology for constructing such houses is accessible even to inexperienced developers, thanks to which anyone can do most of the work with their own hands. The finished structure is lightweight, the log house is resistant to rotting, its elements do not crack and are not afraid of aggressive environmental conditions.

Construction technology

Nowadays, the most popular are single-story log cabins, but you can choose any project for yourself, including several levels; it all depends on the wishes and capabilities of the developers. Let's consider step by step diagram construction of a suburban timber house.

Foundation

First of all, you need to choose the type of foundation. It must be strong enough to reliably support the weight of the house and roof. You can opt for - this is the most common and universal option.

Strip foundation is the most popular type for a timber house

But if the soil on the site is loose, give preference, and the laying scheme looks like this:

the site is marked out, highlighting the boundaries of the future home;
a trench is dug with a depth below the freezing point of the soil (at least 60 cm);
the trench is supplied with a sand and gravel cushion, with each layer being compacted to squeeze out air from the loose rocks;
concrete solution is poured.

Construction of house structures

The first crown is laid on top. Its function can be performed by ordinary roofing material laid on a foundation screed. Make sure that the roofing material is 35–40 cm wider than the finished base.

It is very important that all wooden elements are pre-treated with antiseptic agents, because even if you install country buildings from heavy-duty wood, it may eventually lose its properties under the influence of external factors, which will lead to rotting of the material and, as a result, deformation of the structure.

Features of connecting crowns

The strength of timber walls is ensured thanks to a special fastening method. The log house is assembled using the tongue and groove method. The starting board must be firmly fixed to the foundation, and it is laid both on insulation and on a frame (lathing) made from slats. The crowns are connected to each other with wooden or metal dowels.

Sealing rows and insulating joints with jute cloth and cord

All subsequent crowns are mounted on a seal that prevents condensation and mold infection. Thanks to the inter-crown seal, the log house acquires additional strength and tightness.

Corner connections

Beam extension

Due to inexperience, it may seem that the disadvantage of a timber frame is that the length of their walls does not match the length of the log, but this is absolutely not a problem if you ensure high-quality joining of the seams. Everything you need in in this case, this is to slightly shift each subsequent joint, which will avoid the formation of a long continuous seam. This method vaguely resembles dressing brickwork and it is quite simple to implement.

Roof and floors

Flooring is also laid according to the standard.

Flooring can be laid in several ways, but the best option is “floating” floors, because they do not create noise and, on the contrary, due to their special design they absorb extraneous sounds. We recommend that you read the article about.

Having compared the pros and cons of technology and the construction process itself, we can confidently say that the advantages here outweigh by a huge margin. If you do not have a ready-made dacha, but have a plot of land and a strong desire to have your own home, we advise you to opt for a log house.

Increasingly, owners land plots focus their choice on the construction of houses made of timber. The main advantage of this solution is the fact that you can build a house from timber with your own hands. Such a building has exceptional qualities of reliability, durability and environmental friendliness. The actual technology for constructing buildings from timber is extremely simple and understandable. Even with basic construction skills, all work can be done independently, without the need to contact construction companies.

What kind of wood can be used to build a log house with your own hands? Photo

Before starting construction, it is necessary to choose the most suitable and quality material for work. The main qualities of wood are density and strength. For some species, these indicators reach the level of most metals, so rather high requirements are placed on buildings made of timber. The walls of the house must be strong and durable. In addition, they are required to provide good noise and heat insulation.

However, wood has a number of disadvantages, the main of which are the low level of fire resistance and the tendency to sedimentary deformations, which especially often manifests itself during the first 2-4 years after completion of the construction process.

Coniferous species are the most optimal choice for the construction of a timber building. This material is durable and resistant to rotting processes; it does not crack and does not exert significant load on the foundation. For self-construction at home it is extremely important to remember that not only competent technology construction, but the material selected according to all the rules will make it possible to build a good wooden house. Therefore, the wood must be dense and wear-resistant.

Profiled or solid timber?

The timber can be profiled or solid. For construction, you can use both the first and second options. To choose a specific type of material, you should consider the advantages and disadvantages of each of them.

Build a house from profile timber with your own hands. Video

Profiled timber provides for the presence of a profile. It has crown grooves and tenons. Such connections are installed along the entire length of the material, and then the surface is ground. Timber for building a house is supplied ready-made. The owner just needs to assemble a building from them. Among all the advantages of houses made of profiled timber, the following stand out:

Relatively low costs for construction work.
High resistance to deformation.
Low complexity of work.

The building material has a precise shape, which allows all required activities to be carried out in the shortest possible time. Houses made from this material have a more attractive appearance and high thermal insulation characteristics.

The advantages of profiled timber include an almost perfectly flat wall surface. They do not need to be additionally sheathed with any facing material, because they already look great. Walls made of timber are protected from rotting, since rain and melt water will not collect in them. The profile is calculated in such a way that precipitation cannot penetrate into the roof joints.

After shrinkage of the house occurs, there is no need to waste time and effort on caulking. Wood provides excellent wind protection and high level thermal insulation, since the crowns have connections of sufficient density.

However, profiled timber also has disadvantages. Firstly, it does not withstand many atmospheric influences well enough. Secondly, the timber supports combustion. Therefore, in order to increase bio- and fire-retardant properties, wood must be treated with antiseptics and impregnations.

The natural moisture of the material can cause cracks to appear on the timber during the warm season. For this reason, the material should have a moisture content no higher than 20%. If necessary, chamber drying will be required.

The initial thickness of the walls of a building made of profiled timber will not be enough for optimal use. One way or another, additional external insulation will have to be carried out. However, once construction is completed, it will not be possible to change the layout or make additions.

Build a house from solid timber with your own hands. Video

Despite the fact that solid timber does not have the most presentable appearance, the material is still widely used in construction. The main advantage is the relatively low price. When preparing wood, its standard moisture content is maintained, which makes it possible to get rid of the need for additional procedures and reduces the duration of the preparatory stage.

Suitable solid timber can be purchased at any specialized market. Another big advantage of using this material to build a house with your own hands is that there is no need to use special equipment or special tools.

However, there are also disadvantages, which include:

When choosing timber, you must be extremely careful, since unscrupulous sellers provide timber of poor quality.
More high costs for finishing work. To obtain a complete and beautiful appearance of the building, it must be covered with clapboard or siding.
Fungus may begin to form on the timber. The reason lies in natural humidity, since the material does not pass through special technology drying. Naturally, you can treat the timber with an antiseptic and special impregnations to prevent the formation of fungus, but this will require additional money and time.
After shrinkage, the material cracks. To prevent such damage from occurring, wooden walls needs to be sheathed on both sides.
Intercrown seams are heavily blown. building from solid timber characterized by a significantly lower level of thermal insulation.

Preparing tools, materials and a project for building a house from timber with your own hands. Photo

After selection suitable type timber, you can proceed to the purchase of materials, collection necessary tools and drawing up a project plan. If desired, you can purchase materials ready-made. In this case, all the bars are cut to the required dimensions of the tools. There will already be grooves in the material, and all that remains is to lay out the building.

If you wish, you can save on material if you prepare it yourself. To do this, you should pay attention to the following factors:

Large and through cracks are strictly unacceptable.
The wood must be absolutely “healthy”.
The material must not have any traces of insect damage.
Before use, the timber must be treated with special antiseptic compounds.

The work of building a house from timber with your own hands will require the use of a certain set of tools, which include:

gasoline or electric saw;
yardstick;
hammer;
electric drill;
level;
axe;
electric screwdriver;
nails, screws, jute;
hammer drill

After preparing all the necessary materials and tools, you can begin to draw up a project for the future house made of timber. To do this, you will need to accurately calculate all the required calculations and parameters. You can draw up the project yourself, as there is nothing complicated about it. Or contact a specialized construction organization.

Building a house from timber with your own hands: foundation, photo, video

Having prepared the project yourself or received the project in hand, you can begin arranging the foundation. A house made of timber must be built on a reliable, solid foundation.

When choosing the type of foundation, you should consider the following parameters:

The main characteristics of the soil on the site.
Design features.

A wooden house can be built on a wooden or concrete base. Most often, a concrete foundation is used, on which a brick plinth is laid, and only on top of this structure are walls made of timber and then a roof erected. If it is assumed exclusively wooden building, the base is made of wood.

A house made of timber can be built on:

shallow foundation;

buried foundation;

columnar base;

belt type support.

As a rule, a strip or shallow foundation is prepared for a house made of timber. A depth of 50-70 cm will be sufficient.

Step-by-step instructions for building the walls of a house from timber with your own hands. Video, photo

After arranging the foundation, you can proceed to laying the timber walls. At this stage, the most important thing is to choose the optimal assembly technology. The walls are laid out in rows. A new layer is placed on top of the previous one until the required wall height is achieved.

The bars have special grooves that ensure that the logs fit snugly together. The grooves are insulated with thermal insulation. To increase the strength of the walls, it is necessary to use spikes to connect the beams.

A simplified version involves the use of untreated pine timber. The bars weigh little, so for construction there is no need to call for special lifting equipment.

In the process of erecting timber walls on your own, it is important to take into account a number of main requirements. Firstly, all seams should be caulked, which will eliminate the possible occurrence of wind blowing through the walls. Secondly, finished walls are treated with special impregnations that increase fire resistance and strength.

Roof and floor installation. Finishing the house made of timber with your own hands, photo

Very often, developers who build wooden log houses try to save money and do this during the process of constructing the roof, using cheap materials, for example, ondulin. But it’s wrong to skimp on material when finishing a roof for wooden building absolutely not recommended.

This element of the house may have different variants execution: it all depends on the roofing and rafter systems. It is better to equip each area using boards various sizes. For example, rafters are assembled from boards with a section of 150x40 mm, and for creating braces and racks - 100x40 mm.

If we're talking about about the arrangement of the floor and the choice of coating, you need to focus on personal preferences. The only mandatory point is proper waterproofing of the floor and ceiling. Special attention attention should be paid to the issue of waterproofing basements and basements. Moisture protection is carried out before screeding or leveling. In a cobblestone house you can use:

coating materials;
roll waterproofing;
jellied compositions;
penetrating moisture protection.

Plinths and basements can be waterproofed with your own hands without any problems. This process is simple. You need to choose the most suitable and liked material and begin its installation in accordance with the technology.

For wooden floors, wood-based coatings are better suited: laminate and parquet are the most best option, because the material is comfortable and easy to install.

Regarding more modern materials, then there should be no problems with their installation.

Finishing a house made of timber with your own hands, photo

Finally, installation work is carried out interior doors, window frames and partitions. The subfloor is laid, after which the selected insulation, finishing floor and finishing coat. The ceiling is finished with any selected material. At this stage, it is necessary to equip water supply, sewerage, heating and energy systems.

Exterior decoration is chosen by the owner of the house independently. If desired, the building can be left without external decoration, if, of course, the appearance and quality of the material allow this. If you want to get some other appearance, the house can be painted, covered with clapboard, siding, or trimmed with other materials.

In this sequence, the construction of a house from timber with your own hands is carried out. By following the technology, you can get a reliable, comfortable and durable structure without turning to third-party specialists.

Every person should have a roof over their head, which can be an apartment in multi-storey building or a private house. And if it is enough for women to earn money for an apartment, complete the purchase and sale transaction and move in, then men, according to the ancient Russian rule, need to build this house with their own hands. And this is an excellent option to discover new abilities in yourself and at the same time save a lot on hiring professional construction workers. The art of construction wooden houses you can figure it out on your own. The main thing is to choose the right material and technology for constructing a residential building.

There are no gaps in a house made of timber, since all structural elements fit tightly together, preventing heat from escaping outside.

Most often they are inclined to choose wooden structures, for example, laminated veneer lumber or rounded logs. The technology for their construction is the same, but the quality of the materials is different. You can build a house from timber with your own hands with 2-3 helpers. You don’t need heavy equipment for this, but you only need to purchase:

concrete mixing machine;
a pump that pumps concrete;
chainsaw;
winch;
and other small carpenter’s tools, with the help of which you can not only assemble a log house, but also, if necessary, adjust its component elements.

What should the house look like?

Photo No. 1. The height of the boards above the trench level must be at least 40 cm.

A do-it-yourself house, the building material for which will be timber, can be built not too high - no more than 3 floors. Such qualities of this lumber guarantee a favorable indoor climate, Beautiful design and durability of service, of course, subject to compliance with the instructions and correct operation premises. The advantage of using timber is that, unlike logs, it has flat edges, which allow you to spend less effort and time on subsequently making the internal and external finishing building. At the same time, this design will allow you to attach absolutely any accessories on the walls, with the help of which the interior interior space will be decorated. Moreover, the use of this kind of wood prevents heat from escaping due to the fact that the components wooden house fit tightly to each other.

Photo No. 2. Ready solution The consistency should be similar to thick sour cream.

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Initial stages of construction

Everyone knows that every building must have a foundation, which determines how long the house will stand and how it will serve.

Wood is quite heavy, and therefore requires the construction of a strong, reliable foundation, in no way inferior to that which is laid, for example, under a stone building.
Photo No. 3. Steel wire or metal mesh is used to reinforce the foundation.

If you are planning to make a cellar under the house or basement, then you should choose a traditional strip foundation type. But when deciding such an important issue, it is not enough to take into account only practical features building, it is also important to assess the condition of the soil, which prevails in the area allocated for construction. It’s good if the soil is predominantly sandy, on which you can create any foundation, even a shallow one, but not everyone is so lucky. In most cases, the site has moist, viscous and loose soil, the right decision in this case, the use of a pile foundation will be used. Small sizes the house can be built on a reinforced concrete slab, which will serve as a subfloor for the first floor.
The pile-grillage version of the foundation is similar in construction to the strip foundation, however, in this case, metal piles are also wrapped in trenches. It is used on loose soils that differ increased level freezing. The most popular option is tape, which can withstand huge loads, and it can be erected without the use of heavy equipment - only with the help of a shovel, reinforcing mesh And concrete mortar. This type of foundation is best suited for building a private house. To begin, carefully determine the perimeter of the future house and begin marking the territory, indicating its position on the spot, taking into account internal partitions and walls.

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Construction of a strip foundation for a timber house

Photo No. 4. The first crown of timber is laid on transverse slats; the gaps will provide ventilation in the house.

It is necessary to mark the trenches so that their width exceeds the width of the home walls by 10 cm. At the digging stage, if it is necessary to create a basement, you need to dig a hole under it according to the dimensions that you would like to have. The foundation must be laid to a depth that exceeds the level of soil freezing, therefore, trenches are dug at least 60 cm deep. Fill their bottom with a sand cushion, the layer of which is 10 cm, and another 10 cm of gravel or crushed stone is placed on top of it. The sand must be moistened clean water and compacted, which ensures sufficient density of the base, the concrete foundation will not sag.

After this, removable formwork is organized, to create which you need to take unedged boards 2.5 cm thick and put together fences from them, which are placed along the entire perimeter of the foundation, making a kind of stretching of the trenches in height (photo No. 1). In this case, the boards will have to rise above the level of the trench by at least 40 cm. The external and internal parts of the formwork for the fortress must be pulled together using a board nailed between them. Reinforcement must be laid inside the foundation, which will significantly strengthen the foundation of the building. It can be used as reinforcement metal mesh or steel wire (photo No. 3). Then proceed to mixing the concrete solution, which will be used to fill the dug trenches. So, to create the ideal mixture, take 1 part M400 cement, 3 parts river sand, 5 parts gravel and 200 g of plasticizer. All these ingredients are mixed in a concrete mixer, into which another 13-14 liters of water are gradually added.

Subsequent crowns are joined together by grooves or ridges, which are located at the upper and lower ends of the beam.

A well-mixed solution should resemble the consistency of thick sour cream (photo No. 2). It is directed into the trench using a special concrete pump. Make sure that no air bubbles form in the structure of the poured concrete; for this and to ensure that the surface of the foundation is level, you need to use a cement vibrator. The unhardened solution is moistened from above with water. This is necessary to prevent the solution from hardening very quickly. In order for it to dry completely and gain strength, construction site you need to leave it alone for about 1 month, after which you can continue work.

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Technology for constructing a building from timber with your own hands

There are several ways to build a log house; recently it has become very popular frame construction, long known abroad - in Europe and Canada. This method is easy to construct and economical. However, not for all climate zones Russian Federation he comes up. Therefore, the best option would be to follow classical technology house constructions. As a building material, it is necessary to use wood that will contain such qualities as strength, durability, durability and ease of processing. Several tree species have them, but the most accessible ones include larch, spruce and pine. Of course, no one forbids using cedar in work, but it is too expensive.

So, having brought the building material, begin laying out the first crowns, which will serve as the basis for the log house. The first beam under the house with your own hands must be laid on a foundation covered with two layers waterproofing material, for example, roofing felt, which is covered with bitumen and heated, practically melting it. Before laying the timber on the prepared surface, all lumber should be treated with an antiseptic solution, which will protect the wood from rotting and damage from insect pests. At the same time, fire retardant compounds are used to protect the wood from the danger of combustion. Each log will need to be soaked separately. Sometimes construction companies supply already processed beams, which are much more expensive than untreated ones.

In order to attach the first crown to the foundation, you can use one of two options:

lay it on the support board;

lay on cross slats.

The latter option looks more practical, since it can be used to create an additional gap, which will ensure ventilation in the house. To do this, prepare several slats, the thickness of which is 1 cm. They are attached to the foundation lining in a transverse arrangement in increments of 30 cm. Do not forget to check the evenness of the created surface with a building level, with the help of which the evenness of laying the timber with a section of 15x15 cm is regulated (photo No. 4 ).

Wood is one of the most environmentally friendly building materials, so the desire to have a wooden house is understandable. Timber buildings are becoming popular today, so construction companies are already offering ready-made options, but they are usually not cheap. Making a house from timber with your own hands is not particularly difficult, so we will now look at the principles of this matter.

With proper processing and installation of wood, the structure is durable, and in practicality it cannot be compared even with frame house. Not long ago, wood for buildings was taken whole log due to difficulties in processing it. Now a popular option is timber. We will tell you how to build a house from timber.

Peculiarities

During construction, timber has a significant advantage over logs - less of it is needed, but there are also disadvantages. The seams between adjacent products are poorly protected from all kinds of precipitation, so they require special treatment. You can sheathe a structure made of timber with a certain material, but if this is not planned, then a chamfer of 20 by 20 mm must be removed from each timber.

The timber may also be subject to helical deformation, but modern technologies helped get rid of this by creating a profiled beam with complex “protection”. Manufacturers of the material dry it thoroughly, which helps avoid shrinkage.

There is also glued laminated timber with increased strength indicators. Its important advantage is geometric stability, which does not allow the material to change shape under the influence of moisture.

Assembly technology

You can buy a ready-made kit for construction at the manufacturing plant and, upon arrival at the site, simply assemble it according to the plan. During installation, ties are used - metal pins with a special anti-corrosion coating. They are necessary for reliable fixation of the bars in a certain place.

Assembly order:

Foundation.
Geometry check.
Laying waterproofing followed by installation of the first level of timber.
The material is stitched longitudinally with a cross for attractiveness.
Assembling beams on wooden dowels with laying insulation between them.
After the walls are erected, they are mounted interfloor ceilings, including floor beams.
Rafter system. When developing it, 2% shrinkage of laminated veneer lumber is taken into account. The design uses sliding rafter fastenings.
Laying roofing.
Interior arrangement. Insulation of floors and walls, production of partitions and other works. This stage also includes the laying of utility lines.
Terrace. If it is provided, then it is necessary to start laying the floor from a special impregnated board, made with the expectation of long-term operation when exposed to external factors.
Installation of windows and doors.

Now let's look at the main points of how to build a house from timber in a little more detail.

Foundation

The foundation can be columnar, strip and slab. Columnar foundation is one of the simplest. To make it, you need asbestos-cement pipes, which will need to be inserted into the prepared holes. This type of foundation also has the disadvantage of a lack of connection between the resulting pillars. It is more practical to choose a pile analogue, in which the piles are connected by a reinforced concrete slab.

The slab foundation is a reinforced concrete slab on which construction will continue. It will require concrete and reinforcement in large quantities.

Strip foundations are the most common due to the many options with different functionality. For heavy loads, a foundation type with the same cross section, while for light houses - a shallowly recessed variety, which costs less, but is not inferior in reliability.

Walls

The walls must be assembled directly on the site. At the corners, the timber can be connected in one of two ways - with or without a protrusion. First, the strapping crown is laid on the prepared foundation and connected into half a tree. This type of fastening is used regardless of the selected connection of subsequent rows. The first floor should be about three meters high. When the walls are laid to the required level, they make the ceiling and begin the second floor, if one is planned.

You cannot build turnkey houses from timber! You need to first install the timber frame for shrinkage, and only do everything in the second stage, 4–6 months after the shrinkage Finishing work, otherwise there could be big trouble.

Materials

The sealant is used very often for wooden houses. Moss, felt or hemp are sold in convenient rolls, so cut into strips required sizes they are quite simple.

Floor

Insulation plays an important role in laying the floor, so the structure is made double. Insulation is placed between the two layers, which also soundproofs the room well. By using edged boards a subfloor is created.

It is customary to hem this material from the bottom, but such fastening is not reliable. To improve the characteristics of the building, a cranial beam is used, which must be attached to the joists.

By following simple rules, you can easily build any shaped house from timber. Such buildings are distinguished by practicality, speed of construction and aesthetics.