Construction of a band sawmill. How to make a sawmill with your own hands at home. Sawmills for home use

A sawmill is a machine designed for sawing logs different breeds wood This is a rather complex tool that makes work easier during construction. It is not necessary to buy this unit. It is quite possible to make it at home. During production, it is necessary to determine the type of sawmill and the amount of wood processed.

The big advantage of the sawmill is that the cut is always made longitudinally. Since sawing wood lengthwise is very difficult. As a rule, a sawmill is used when working with wild logs. Large enterprises also have tools for working with long logs.

What does the device consist of?

The sawing machine consists of the following parts:

• I drank myself.
• Electric drive.
• Saw carriage.
• Saw guide.
• Log support.
• Frame for the structure.

Principle of operation

The sawmill consists of two soles welded together. There are rollers on the soles. Due to them the frame moves. The base of the device is shaped like the letter “P”. It consists of a pair of channels. The main wheel is stationary on one side of the frame, and the other is movable and moves along the frame.

The design also includes guides. They are located at the base of the device and are secured using brackets (connecting devices). This element is collapsible, which is very convenient if you need to transport it. The drive rollers are located under the guides. Support posts are fixed on top. Sawmills move thanks to a chain mechanism located in the rails.

A saw is used as a cutting device belt type. Its width is about 60 millimeters. Tension occurs due to a hydraulic mechanism. Two locks are involved in installing the saw. They are attached to the base of the drive wheel. The control center is located on the operator's side. There is also a ruler for measurements. The device contains a container with cutting fluid. This is necessary to avoid chips sticking to the saw. This solution is supplied to the cutting site.

Main types of sawmill

Today there are several types of sawmills. Each option has its pros and cons.

The mechanism is based on the block principle. The device can function with both cheap and expensive components. The sawmill consists of a frame, a mechanism for tensioning the saw, a motor, a clamp, a wheel, and a belt drive. Sawing of the log occurs using a band saw. And to ensure proper operation, retaining rollers are provided. This is very convenient device, but has its drawbacks.

• A wave effect is possible when sawing logs.
• Equipment operating skills required.
• Before sawing, you need to adjust the machine.

Disc corner sawmill

By far the most popular model. Also used in wood processing enterprises. The design of the equipment is very simple. It consists of a support on which a shaft with a disk is located.

When sawing, the disc moves along the log. This allows you to achieve accurate results.

Tire frame saw

The equipment is easy to make yourself. The structure consists of a carriage, trolley, support, saw, motor and tire. Suitable for cutting long logs. It has small dimensions. The device is easy to transport. Powered by electrical network, or from a fuel generator. Such equipment is not suitable for working with big amount wood Typically used by private individuals.

Frame sawmill

The rarest type of device. During operation, the mechanism remains motionless. Capable of sawing large quantities of wood at once. The main disadvantages of the device:

• Large amount of waste.
• Large-sized design.
• Large thickness cutting element.

Main advantages:

• Ease of maintenance.
• Reliable design.
• Durability.

Homemade band sawmill

Making a sawmill at home is quite an expensive undertaking. It's difficult to get everyone working correctly components. Will be required necessary details, tools for work and drawings. The equipment can operate with a maximum weight of 300 kilograms. You also need to adjust the thickness of the logs being cut. When working with such equipment, be sure to follow safety precautions. Before you begin, prepare the platform for assembly. We will need wheels and a band saw. Afterwards you can proceed to assembling the base. First of all, we assemble the rails.

Install the wheels exactly following the drawings. We fasten the corners on the rails parallel to each other. We make sleepers from corrugated steel pipes. We install them between the corners. We weld fasteners for logs to the pipe. It should move freely over the entire surface. Afterwards, you need to assemble the cart and attach the wheels to it. The electric motor is assembled last. This sawmill will work perfectly with a walk-behind tractor engine. With the help of a pulley it will communicate with the general structure.

The design is very similar to a band sawmill. But in this case, it is used as a cutting element chain Saw. This device is much smaller and has a simpler mechanism. This means that it is much easier to do it yourself. First, let's find a flat surface and install the homemade product so that it is convenient to approach it. First we build a base from metal profile. We drill several holes in the frame.

Then we proceed to assembling the rack and placing the frame on it. As a result, we have the base of the chain mechanism. All that remains is to mount the cart. But first, we assemble the base and install the stop, clamps and electric motor on it. We attach the cart to a metal base, install the engine with the cutting element, and tension the chain. The sawmill is ready.

If you need to cut logs tangentially into help will come corner sawmill. This is a multifunctional device that can handle a lot of work. It is better to design it yourself, since the finished device has a high price. First you need to prepare drawings. Buy all the necessary parts.

The first step is assembling the frame. It consists of metal pipes. We connect everything with a welding seam. Rails are best suited as a guide. Then we construct the carriage. Accurately follow all dimensions indicated in the diagram.

This sawmill uses a powerful fuel engine as its “heart”. Thanks to it, the process of working with wood speeds up. The engine is installed on the mechanism frame. A chain drive is installed in corner sawmills, but there is a risk of motor overheating. When constructing a sawmill, strictly follow safety rules, since during the work you are dealing with cutting elements.

As a rule, it is not sawmills that are used for personal use, but miniature machines for sawing logs. You can also make them yourself. There are different mini-sawmills, all of them miniature and mobile. The main element of the design is the finished chainsaw.

We will need following materials:

• Chainsaw.
• Two channels.
• Metal corners.
• Rails.

First of all, we assemble the frame. We drill several holes. We attach pipe ties. All elements are fastened with bolts. When making a sawmill, carefully check all the angles between the parts. To strengthen the frame, stiffeners are made. Then a cart is constructed from the slab. Two corners are attached to the bottom of the slab. The next step is to place the stove on rollers. Angles are also attached to the cart; they act as a mount for the chainsaw. At the very end, a mechanism for fastening the logs is installed.

We will need the following materials and tools:

• Welding machine, electrodes.
• Cutting element, nails, screws.
• Chainsaw or electric motor.
• Tires with chains.
• Metal corner.
• Rollers.
• Cord.
• Roller bearing.

When manufacturing this sawmill, the first thing you need to do is draw up drawings. Select material for components.

We need to make a frame. Metal pipes are suitable for this. We connect the pipes and the corner using welding. The next step is making the sled. You can make them from wooden board. In this case, the surface on which the sled will ride must be covered with galvanization or a metal sheet. Sleds can also be made from rails. The next thing is to make a mechanism designed to regulate the thickness of the board. You can do it in two ways:

1. In the sawmill, the log is raised, but the cutting element remains stationary. Perfect for working with small logs. With this method of sawing, your back does not hurt, and the work goes faster. In this case, ordinary jacks are used; their lifting height should be maximum.
2. In the sawmill, the log remains motionless, the saw lowers and rises. Afterwards you need to attach a chainsaw to the structure. We remove the play and check the mechanism for strength. Let's check the work of the resulting homemade product. The product is ready.

The sawmill is a dangerous type of tool. It is considered a large-sized device. Therefore, before designing, it is necessary to select the place where this unit will be operated. A garage, shed or utility room are perfect. This room should be spacious and bright. You can also work with a sawmill and on fresh air, but in this case you will need to install a canopy.

If you have an electric motor, you need to take a responsible approach to the installation of wiring and fastening of the necessary machines. It is also advisable to have a room where the finished boards will be placed. When constructing a device at home, it is necessary to take the cutting elements responsibly. When operating the sawmill, you should also follow safety regulations.

• Monitor cable connections and ensure they are in good condition.
• Ensure the integrity of the grounding cables.
• If it is necessary to replace the saw or eliminate damage, it is necessary to unplug the sawmill from the power supply.
• In the event of a short circuit, be sure to immediately turn off the sawmill.
• The user of the device should not be near the sawdust ejection pipes.
• The sawmill must have a strong support.
• When working with the machine, the log must always be secured to the rails.

These rules must be strictly followed.

When manufacturing a sawmill and when working with it, it is necessary to control all components, connections and stability of the mechanism. After meeting these requirements, you can start the device.

We looked at how to assemble a sawmill yourself. This unit is perfect for woodworking. Will help during construction. And it’s quite easy to make it yourself. Must have skill in using tools. These devices come in several types. Before you begin, you need to prepare drawings for work and strictly observe all dimensions so that there are no errors during operation.

The popularity of wood in private construction remains high even with the advent of the newest building materials. This is largely due to its reasonable cost, availability and ease of processing. Despite the fact that today you can easily buy a suitable board, beam or batten, the question of cutting logs yourself is of interest to every thrifty owner. And this is natural, because the costs of purchasing commercial timber cannot be compared with the cost of edged lumber. Of course, running your own sawmill just to fix a fence or repair a roof is not practical. If we are talking about starting construction on an empty site, then your own sawmill will be very useful. And you can save on its purchase if you build the unit yourself.

Design and principle of operation of a band sawing unit

A modern band sawmill is a real automated complex

A band sawmill is a universal machine used to perform longitudinal sawing logs in order to obtain standard lumber - boards, beams, sleepers, carriages. Structurally, the unit consists of four main components: a band saw and its drive, a mechanism for moving the saw frame, a device for adjusting the height of the working blade and a clamping device for fastening the round timber. The sawmill is driven by an electric motor or engine internal combustion. Regardless of the power unit used, its power must provide long work equipment without overload. For a non-professional machine, asynchronous will be quite sufficient electric machine power 5 kW or gasoline (diesel) unit 6 - 8 liters. With. During operation of the machine, torque is transmitted to impellers (pulleys) with an installed “endless” saw blade up to 60 mm wide. Since the saw blade heats up and sags during operation, a hydraulic or spring-type tension mechanism is used.

Saw frame device

The longitudinal movement of the frame with the installed drive mechanism is carried out on rails installed on a solid concrete base. For this purpose, hardened steel rollers are mounted in the lower part of the unit body, the ease of rotation of which is ensured by ball bearings closed type. The length of the rail guides depends on maximum length processed forest.

The thickness of the wood layer cut from a log is determined by the height of the saw blade above the floor level and is regulated by a special unit, which includes a pair of threaded transmission and its drive mechanism. Thanks to the simultaneous rotation of two screws located at the edges of the carriage, its movement along the vertical guides is ensured and the saw does not warp.

Using a belt-type sawmill, you can obtain material of any thickness with minimal losses on sawdust

The logs are prevented from shifting during operation of the unit. clamping device, which is assembled from a guide in the form of a round pipe and bushings with hooks installed on it with a large gap. The skew of the moving unit with installed “claws” leads to jamming of the device, which ensures the immobility of the round timber during processing. To better understand the operation of this device, carefully examine the illustration provided.

Jig operation

The operating principle of the sawmill is extremely simple. The log intended for sawing is placed in a bed between the rail guides. Then it is fixed with hooks, which are wedged with several blows of a hammer into the edges of the moving units. The carriage with the band saw is brought to the end of the round timber, after which the height of the working blade is set. After turning on the machine, the operator smoothly moves the saw frame along the rails, due to which the board is gradually cut required thickness. After reaching the other edge of the log, the cut lumber is put aside, the saw is raised and the unit returns to its original position.

Some sources suggest repeating the design of units in which the saw carriage is mounted motionless, and the cutting is carried out by moving a log laid on a movable platform. Perhaps such a scheme has a right to exist, but it must be taken into account that its implementation will require rails of double length.

The machine described above is the simplest sawmill. If we talk about modern equipment, it almost completely eliminates manual labor. All operations, including moving the saw frame and adjusting the height of the band blade, are performed automatically, upon command from the control panel.

Video: Features of the band sawmill

What you will need to build a sawmill

For those who think building their own sawmill is not a difficult task, let us say right away that creating a high-quality, efficient unit is not easy. And the point is not even that one cannot do without certain financial costs - as a rule, the budget of a homemade sawmill easily fits into the amount of 30 - 40 thousand rubles. Assembling a unit capable of delivering quality lumber, will require solving problems related to stability of operation, ensuring the strength of components and parts, setting up and adjusting mechanisms, making devices for sharpening a band saw and setting its teeth, etc. Are you not afraid of difficulties? Then check out what materials and tools you will need for the job.

As rail guides, you can use steel angles with a flange width of at least 50 mm, a channel or an I-beam. The main requirement for rails is their straight geometry. It must be borne in mind that any shortcoming of our miniature “railway” will affect the quality of the cut, since the tape blade will copy every unevenness, transferring it to the surface of the board. That is why the best option will be T, N or U-shaped rolled metal. Unfortunately, corners are most susceptible to bending during manufacturing and transportation. The most ideal case would be to use factory rails, for example, from narrow-gauge transport, which, with some luck, can be found at scrap metal collection points.

The rollers that ensure the longitudinal movement of the sawmill can be machined lathe and harden. In some cases, the use of conventional ball bearings is allowed.

Excellent rollers are made from linear guides based on ball bearings, which can be found on sale. This solution cannot be called the cheapest, but there is no doubt about the reliability and durability of such a unit

Actually, the frame, saw carriage and bed for laying logs are made of square and rectangular profile pipes. It is best to use rolled metal with maximum wall thickness. This will provide the equipment with the necessary strength, since the operation of the machine is associated with variable dynamic loads.

For the mechanism for adjusting the height of the carriage (traverse), you will need guides from steel pipes with sliders and two long screws with nuts. For these purposes, you can use parts from decommissioned screw-cutting lathes (unlikely, but never mind), mechanical presses, or threaded rods from a construction store (the most affordable, but least preferred option). You can also order the production of parts from a turner - it’s still unlikely to be possible without contacting a specialist. In addition, you will need a chain drive, which is often borrowed from the gas distribution mechanism of automobile engines. Alternatively, you can use bicycle chain and stars.

Pulleys from old domestic combine harvesters of the Kolos, Niva brands and other agricultural machinery are best suited as impellers for the belt blade. By the way, you can also get shafts and bearing housings from there. Please note that the diameter of the guides must be at least 30 cm (optimally 50 cm), otherwise excessive mechanical stress will lead to cracks at the base of the saw teeth.

Pulleys from decommissioned domestic agricultural machinery can be used in the design of the band saw drive

There are designs of homemade installations with guide pulleys in the form of wheels from passenger cars. For skeptics, we note that such a homemade solution has a lot of advantages, starting from the possibility of using assembled hubs and ending with the fact that fine adjustment of the belt tension during operation can be done by inflating the tires.

You can buy a band saw new or used. It is best to have several blades in stock, which can be replaced with sharp ones as they become dull.

As for the tools that will be needed during the work process, every self-respecting owner should have one. In particular, you will need:

• welding machine;
• “grinder”, or, in professional language, an angle grinder;
• drill press or electric drill;
• a set of drills for concrete and metal;
• set of metalwork clamps;
• set of wrenches;
• hammer;
• pliers;
• fasteners (bolts, nuts, washers various sizes);
• measuring instrument (ruler, caliper, tape measure);
• level (preferably laser type).

Don't forget that you will need to prepare a solid, level base, so be prepared for concrete works- make a supply of sand, crushed stone and cement, prepare a concrete mixer, tampers, formwork and a long rule.

Preparatory activities

At the preparation stage, choose optimal design, make the necessary calculations and develop drawings. After this, materials and tools are prepared and a place for installation of the sawmill is arranged.

Design work, drawings

The construction of a sawmill begins with the selection of a production site. It has been experimentally established that this will require an area of ​​at least 3x6 m in size. In any case, when planning the length working area, must be taken into account maximum size processed forest. It is best if the unit is installed indoors or under a large canopy. In this case, you can work in any weather.

Then determine the number of corners (channels, I-beams) and profile pipes necessary for the manufacture of rail guides, stock and saw frame. The distance between the rails is calculated by adding gaps of at least 0.3 - 0.4 m on each side to the maximum diameter of the log. In addition, it is necessary to take into account transverse reinforcements, which are installed between the rails every 0.8 - 1 m. Supporting elements for timber can be mounted on the same reinforcements, raising the bed to a height of at least 0.2 m above the level of the guides.

Sawmill diagram Saw carriage drawing
Rail guide drawing

Depending on the design, drawings are made of components that will need to be turned on a lathe - rollers, screws, shafts, bearing housings, pulleys, etc. The design of a homemade sawmill is taken based on financial capabilities, availability of materials and individual components, so the exact design of the unit everyone does it independently. However, we provide diagrams and drawings of the sawmill and its individual components as an example. They can be used in your own developments.

Drawing of the tension mechanism Drawing of the roller Impeller assembly

Preparing the base

A properly made foundation will ensure the equipment’s stable linear characteristics during operation.

Since building your own sawmill is a serious matter, you need to approach it responsibly. Perhaps in the future the equipment will become not only good help on the farm, but also a source of additional income. Such important factors, like the durability and reliability of the sawmill, the ease of operation and the quality of the resulting lumber largely depend on how strong and level the base it has.

The construction of a base slab is no different from the construction of a shallow floating or simple strip foundation. A lot has been written about it, so there is no need to dwell on the construction process in detail. Let us only remind you that you will need a cushion of sand and gravel, the thickness of the base is made at least 10 - 15 cm, and its strength is ensured by an armored belt made of steel rod with a diameter of at least 10 mm. In this case, significant variable loads will not lead to cracks or subsidence of the concrete slab.

Instructions for making a sawmill with your own hands

As a working project, we will take a design known for its simplicity and low cost with wheels from passenger car. Since the correct and reliable operation of the saw unit depends on each element, we will consider in detail the manufacturing process of each unit, the nuances of assembly and configuration of the equipment.

Rail guides

Laying rail guides

When using corners measuring 50x50 mm as rails, they are not laid on one of the shelves, but with the edge angle facing upward. This will reduce wear on parts and provide increased structural rigidity. If you use rolled metal with a 100 mm flange for the guides, then such a corner can be installed in any position. I must say that the most a good option are rails made of I-beams or channels, since they have increased rigidity even without being “embroidered” with cross members. By the way, they use as “sleepers” square profile width of at least 25 mm. The rail parts are connected to each other using electric welding. When installing spacers, weld a half-inch diameter pipe with devices installed on it for fixing logs (“claws”).

Carrying out welding work, it is necessary to ensure that the workpiece does not “lead”, which often happens when parts overheat. Most often, such troubles occur with corners and other thin metal products, so in this case it is better to use semiautomatic welding machine, operating in a carbon dioxide environment.

If it is not possible to ensure the straightness of the rails during welding, then the installation of transverse elements is carried out threaded connection. The guides are attached to the concrete base using anchor bolts.

Simultaneously with the installation of the rails, a bed for laying timber is constructed. To do this, vertical H-shaped posts with a minimum rod height of 10 cm and protrusions to prevent rolling of round timber of at least 5 cm in size are attached to the “sleepers.”

The bed for laying lumber can have any configuration

The nearest 3-4 crossbars are installed at a shorter distance - no more than 0.5 m. Thanks to this solution, in the future it will be possible to work not only with long pieces, but also with short workpieces.

Both parts turned on a lathe and ordinary ball bearings can be used as rollers. In the first case, a hole must be provided for installing the rotation unit, and the wheels themselves are hardened. The second option involves installing one enlarged and two or three identical bearings on the axle. Of course, the parts are selected with the same internal size, and the shaft is machined with a thrust collar on one side and threads for attaching rollers on the other.

Wide rollers are good because any rolled metal can be used as rails, including channels and I-beams

Saw frame

The manufacture of the saw frame begins with vertical guides, of which two pieces are required. It is best to make the racks and sliders from steel pipes selected with minimal clearance. After this, a rectangular frame of the carriage is made, to the sides of which the upper and lower sliders are welded. Since impellers will be mounted on the lower cross member, it must be made of rigid square pipe or channel.

Trying on guides and sliders

The body of the sawmill is not something complicated, since it consists of paired vertical and horizontal elements connected at right angles. A strong frame is obtained from a square steel profile width of at least 50 mm. Smaller rectangular metal can be used as spacers.

Welding the bed

The use of profile pipes will provide rigidity to the structure. If corners are used as structural materials, then their joints are additionally reinforced with steel braces with a thickness of at least 2 mm.

Rollers are installed at the bottom of the frame, having previously determined the distance between their thrust walls. It must match the width of the rail guides.

Saw frame assembled with guides and carriage

Carriage lifting mechanism. Photo gallery

Vertical movement of the carriage is ensured by a paired screw mechanism with manual drive and chain transmission. The nuts are welded to the lower bushings (sliders), and the thrust part of the screw is mounted to the upper crossbar of the saw frame. The screws will rotate easily if you use suitable bearings as supports.

Saw carriage lifting mechanism drive assembly with drive and tensioner Upper assembly lifting mechanism The lifting mechanism nut is welded to the carriage bushing
On the top cross member the screw is installed in the bearing

To ensure that the lifting mechanism works without distortions, sprockets of the same size are installed on the shafts. After installing the chain, it is tensioned using a roller or fluoroplastic cracker. The drive of the flexible transmission is provided by gears of different sizes, one of which is rigidly connected to one of the screws, and the other is mounted on a separate shaft. The use of an oversized drive sprocket will allow you to quickly move the carriage along the guides. The fixation mechanism can be made of a spring-loaded pin, which, after adjustment, is installed between the chain rollers and fixed brackets. After assembly, the drive is equipped with a comfortable handle.

Pulleys

Manufacturing of hub adjustment unit

For pulleys, wheels and axle shafts are taken from a rear-wheel drive passenger car. To secure them to the bottom cross member of the carriage, you will need bearing units. It is best to order these parts from a turner - in this case it will be possible to make them adjustable, which will allow you to move the axes of the impellers to the sides. The fact is that during operation the band saw heats up and lengthens. If you don’t pull it up in time, it can fly off our “pulleys.” If you move them a couple of degrees away from the longitudinal axis, you can eliminate this danger.

Mounting the hubs on the saw carriage

Adjustment units are sections of pipes, one of which is installed into the other with a gap of up to 5 mm. The inner clutch is also a housing for the axle bearings, and its alignment is ensured by screws installed on the outer collet.

Installation of the power unit and main drive elements

One wheel is mounted motionless on the carriage, supplying the shank of its axle shaft with a pulley. The other is mounted on a movable unit, which will pre-tension the saw blade. The installation of pulleys is not carried out horizontally, but with an offset of 2 - 4 mm in vertical plane. The leveling of the band saw occurs due to the displacement of the cutting blade support unit. This structural element can be made of three ball bearings, like the rollers of a saw frame.

Installation of the band saw support unit. The device of its adjustment mechanism is clearly visible

After assembling and installing all components, the power unit is mounted on the unit. Rotation from the engine to the drive wheel is transmitted via a V-belt drive. Depending on the motor used, the belt is tensioned using a spring-loaded roller, if an internal combustion engine is used, or by shifting the frame with an installed electric motor. In addition, they produce protective cover, which prevents sawdust from flying in all directions. On last stage install a container with lubricating-washing fluid (LCF), the tube from which is connected to one of the cutting units.

A small hydraulic jack can be used in the saw blade tensioning mechanism

After assembling the unit and checking the tightness of all bolted connections A band saw is installed on the impellers, after tensioning which a trial run of the sawmill is carried out. If the test switch-on is successful, then the engine is turned off and after the saw has completely stopped, the log is laid and fixed on the bed. The thickness of the first board is adjusted using the saw lifting mechanism, after which a test cut is made. The installation is turned off and inspected, a conclusion is made about the operability of the sawmill.

Video: Band sawmill made at home

We hope we were able to convince you that building your own sawmill, although difficult, is quite possible. A self-made unit can work no worse than a factory sawmill only if you follow the recommendations of experienced craftsmen during the work process. Believe me, the care and scrupulousness shown will be reflected in perfectly straight cuts. Your site will acquire new, stylish buildings, built using warm and noble materials, obtained with your own hands.

Thanks to my varied hobbies, I write on various topics, but my favorites are engineering, technology and construction. Perhaps because I know many nuances in these areas, not only theoretically, due to my studies in technical university and graduate school, but also from the practical side, since I try to do everything with my own hands.

One of the most powerful and necessary tools is. This reliable and time-tested human assistant is necessary in construction, during various works on a private house, and in the country. Home craftsmen often make a band sawmill with their own hands. It is used for cutting and cutting various materials, most often wood.

Types of tapes

A competent approach to choosing equipment for sawing work is required. To avoid problems during operation, you must correctly take into account specifications, valid area applications, tool capabilities. Not the least important role is played by the parameters of the teeth, the size of the blade and the quality of sharpening the cutting edge.

The variety of saws can confuse even experienced craftsman. Depending on what they process, they are usually divided into types. It could be:

1. Wood processing.
2. Stone cutting.
3. Metal works.
4. Sawing synthetic material.

When working with metal or stone, you need to use a tool that contains heavy-duty alloys. Otherwise, there may be cases of breakdown, defective processing of parts, or rupture of the cutting blade. Before assembling or purchasing such equipment yourself, you need to decide on the main work tasks and assess the amount of work to be done.

If it is necessary to carry out a significant amount of work in various directions involving the use of wood and boards, then sawing will have to be used. To do this, you will need both logs and a processing tool - a sawmill.

Preparing to assemble the sawmill

Of course, nowadays you can purchase already ready materials, and an industrial factory band sawmill. But this is often associated with large financial costs. It is more profitable and practical to assemble a band saw using ready-made drawings with your own hands. This is especially true if you have a private house or garage. In this case, a sawmill is justified in domestic conditions.

To assemble your own sawmill you need to have drawings, a cutting blade, some parts and study a little theory. The diagram should reflect the dimensions and materials used.

Selecting Tool Size

The length and width of the saw depend on the corresponding machine parameters. To clarify, you need to use recommendations and instructions for the machine, as well as drawings of a band saw for wood with your own hands.

Teeth setting value

Tooth pitch is the distance between the sharp edges of the saw. For correct and effective use the tool must adhere to the general rules:

• When processing thin material, a saw with large teeth is required. In this case, the tooth pitch must be uniform.
• If the cutting surface is long, then a constant frequent step should be suitable for cutting.
• To cut natural or synthetic blades, blades with variable teeth are needed. When working with a soft structure, such a saw will not clog and the speed of work will increase.

The quality of cutting depends on the alignment of the teeth. The better the wiring, the lower the vibration level and the longer the saw itself will last:

Before purchasing a specific saw, you need to find out whether it is possible to resharpen it and how many cycles the blade material can withstand.

In accordance with the material, there is the following classification of paintings:

Making a homemade device

The main elements of a homemade sawmill are a frame, a motor and, in fact, a saw. Motors with a power of 10 kW have proven themselves well. The power of such an engine allows you to cut almost any logs.

The gasoline engine must fit into the body of a homemade wood band saw. The drawings must indicate acceptable parameters.

To make a homemade band saw, you will need the following materials:

Pulleys in the manufacture of homemade band sawmill Suitable for any technology. Their required diameter is about thirty centimeters.

Guides are made from metal pipes. Several half-inch diameter pipes and a few slightly larger ones. In this case, pipes of a larger diameter fit freely onto pipes of a smaller one with a gap of approximately 0.5 millimeters.

Tool needed:

• Welding machine.
• Sharpening machine and cutting machine.
• Screwdriver, .
• Hammer.
• Bulgarian.

You may also need milling machine or welding machine.

Before starting work you need to study disk sawmill do it yourself drawings. Nice drawing Contributes to the rapid production of sawmills. You need to make sure you have all the necessary parts.

Self-connection of parts

After careful preparatory process start assembling the device. It is important to take your time and carefully check the quality of the connections of the parts.

The assembly of a homemade band saw begins with the manufacture of a table with a cabinet. The mechanism will be located on this table. To assemble it you will need wooden blocks, furniture board. Calculated in advance comfortable height table, pulley diameter. The table should be comfortable and accommodate the pulleys and motor.

The table should accommodate the necessary tools and have a place to collect chips. It is advisable to immediately think about a waste tray. Cleaning the saw will be easier and more convenient.

If there are no ready-made ones, then you need to make them homemade pulleys. They can be cut from plywood. Then the blanks are sanded and coated with epoxy resin. A hole for the roller bearings is drilled in the center of the pulley. For stability, the bearing itself is fixed in a textolite coupling. After this, the wheels are covered with tape rubber. The diameter of the pulleys can be arbitrary. However, the larger the pulley diameter, the longer term saw service.

The blade depends on the size of the pulley. A very good ratio is 1/1000 of the saw blade to the pulley diameter. In other words, if you have a pulley with a diameter of forty centimeters, then a four-millimeter tape will do. When installing the pulley, it is necessary to ensure that the bearing shaft is perpendicular. Even with a slight deviation, the wheel will run out, causing the belt to jump off.

The next step is assembling the support frame. The entire device will be mounted on it. The frame is made from a corner channel and can be C-shaped. This shape holds the tape perfectly. A metal axle is put on the channel. The frame or bed is the most an important part designs.

Pulleys are mounted on the axle using bushings. After which, they achieve their balance. A damper is used against belt vibration. Attach moving parts to the engine. It must be borne in mind that the average speed of rotation of a band saw is from 700 to 900 revolutions per minute. This parameter must be taken into account when calculating the diameter of the drive pulleys.

It is best to put a protective cover on the engine. It will protect the drive mechanism from fine dust and chips.

For ease of supply of the processed material, they attach metal corners. They create a guiding mechanism.

Wooden parts must be planed, painted or varnished. On the one hand, this is aesthetically pleasing and extends the service life of the product, and on the other hand, it protects the hands of the worker from splinters made from untreated wood. Before painting, the wood is cleaned with fine sandpaper and treated with liquids that prevent the wood from rotting.

Setting, checking and sharpening

Before starting work, be sure to check and configure the device. You need to make sure that the tape forms a right angle. The slightest deviation can damage the machine and even cause injury. Using a driven pulley, the belt is tensioned. Achieve maximum tension on the cutting tape.

Sharpening of band blades is simple and affordable. The technology has been tested by many masters. You need a special machine and a little patience. First, the initial sharpening is carried out, that is, the symmetry is restored, the saw teeth are aligned, and small cracks on the edges are removed. Then the saw is cleaned of dust and metal filings and the saw is set, restoring the rear and front angles.

The final step is the final sharpening. It is this that gives the teeth the necessary sharpness and eliminates various distortions.

Rules of use and safety precautions

After manufacturing and setting up, you can use the sawmill at work, observing certain rules and safety precautions.

It must be remembered that the canvas can tear, burst or come off. Therefore, if you have doubts about the reliability of the fastening, it is better to stay at some distance from the equipment.

There are the following rules for operating an electric saw:

As a result of proper assembly, the tool you need on the farm will appear, assembled according to the drawings of a band sawmill with your own hands. With a little skill, working with it is convenient and easy. The original cutting material is transported by trolley. Saw material is placed on the bed, fixed, and the log or other material is processed using a saw.

A homemade band saw needs care and regular checks. If fasteners fail or become loose, it is better to stop work and correct any deficiencies noticed. When operating the device, you must be careful and careful.

The mechanism is used for primary processing of wooden building materials. It's no secret that the simplest models of a circular sawmill can be made with your own hands. Instructions from specialists, tricks of folk craftsmen, photos and examples of drawings will help you figure out how to do this.

This type of sawmill is most convenient for use for domestic purposes. It is easier to construct than mechanisms of a different operating principle (belt or bus). On a circular sawmill, as a rule, large and medium-sized logs are cut into beams, boards, slats, and veneer. Main functional elements of the tool:

1. Power point. Most often it is an electric motor. He must set the rotating mechanism at the required speed to process the wood.
2. Cutting unit. Consists of one or two circular saws mounted on a shaft. On factory machines, they can be inclined towards each other to ensure cutting at a given angle.
3. Sawmill control unit. Responsible for starting and stopping, changing the speed of rotation of the motor shaft.
4. Feeder. Helps move the workpiece to the cutting point. In factory models, the sawmill can be driving. In those designed by yourself - static, needed for convenient fixation of the log on the surface.

Cutting process

To make a sawmill at home, you do not need to resort to complex drawings and diagrams. To provide one-time construction and installation needs for your home and land plot It is better to simplify the design as much as possible. The lightweight version works safer. Experts advise using the following scheme:

• durable working plane (also a convenient stationary feed line);
• Circular Saw on a spindle or electric motor shaft;
• reliable fixation of both elements in the same plane.

Preparing to assemble the disk mechanism. Installation of the work surface

When making a sawmill you will need to draw up a drawing. Since the device itself is not complicated, you can take one of the standard ones. Assembly begins with the installation of the desktop. It must be stable, durable, and able to withstand the weight of the log, so the wooden parts should be reinforced with metal.

To work on the base of the sawmill you will need:

• metal plates;
• wooden boards;
• nuts;
• screws;
• screws;
• tool for fixing fastening materials;
• instruments for processing metal and wood.

Special attention pay attention to the saw. It can have an electric or gasoline engine. The motor will perform the function of a rotating device using a pulley that increases the speed of the shaft.

Attention! The diameter of the cutting blade of the sawmill must be at least 500 mm. The bigger, the better. The optimal thickness is 3 mm. Material - steel or duralumin. The disc should have 2 or 3 teeth.

Having decided on the dimensions of the table, start assembling it:

1. Weld the frame, placing the supports crosswise for greater stability and reliability of the sawmill.
2. Firmly fix a metal plate on it (less often they take a wooden one). Often the supports are attached to a wooden cover, and heavy metal is placed on top of it in a single sheet or plates (fixed with bolts).
3. Make a slot in the center into which the circular saw will subsequently be recessed. The dimensions of the hole should ensure a minimum gap between the plate itself and cutting surface. The slot should be countersunk and then fastened with screws.

Advice. Calculate in advance and make holes in the plate to secure the engine.

Engine installation and the final stage of sawmill assembly

Installing the engine is the most difficult part in the process of making a home circular sawmill. It requires meticulous precision and reliability of connections. Loose elements will not be able to perform their tasks efficiently. In addition, they are quite dangerous to the health and life of the worker at the machine.

The final stage of construction of a sawmill:

1. Bearings and a pulley are attached to the underside of the plate, which is connected to the saw with a safety belt. This trick will protect the engine when the saw jams.
2. The belts are properly tensioned, not forgetting the weight and power of the engine itself.
3. The saw is attached strictly in the middle of the working surface.
4. The main part of the work is completed by installing a thrust pad for a gasoline or electric motor. It must be movable relative to the shaft.

A good motorized saw is a balanced mechanism with the correct cutting blade angle that produces straight cuts and edges. The entire process of assembling even a basic sawmill mechanism requires a serious approach. You can see the subtleties and example of installation in the video.

Before work, stock up not only necessary materials, but also patience. In this case, you will assemble an affordable analogue to expensive machines and make your own alternative to low-quality factory-made lumber.

Homemade sawmill: video

Wood is widely used in everyday life in the production of various structures, their finishing and other work. Owners of private plots are constantly carrying out construction work: building an extension, updating the fence, increasing the reliability of structures, and so on. The ease of workability, as well as the availability of wood, initially determined their popularity. Many owners of private houses and plots have determined in their own practice that purchasing logs and getting boards, beams, and edges from them is much cheaper than buying ready-made lumber. Also, do not forget that sometimes the length and thickness, width of the boards or timber used are important. Therefore, making them yourself can significantly reduce money and time costs.

A band saw is often used to obtain lumber from a log or other piece of wood. The popularity of this equipment has determined the emergence of a huge number of different machines, some of them compact and designed for installation in a home workshop. However, the cost of household options is quite high; it is advisable to buy them only in the case of continuous production of lumber or other wood products. This is why many people decide to make a homemade design. A band sawmill can be created with your own hands within a short period of time, for which you should know: what parts are needed for this, how the assembly is carried out.

Cost and efficiency of industrial options

Why is there a great desire to create a homemade version of the machine? An example is the Taiga band sawmill, the cost of which, depending on its performance, can vary between 112-165 thousand rubles. Even the simplest version, which does not have great productivity, will cost at least 90 thousand rubles. A homemade band sawmill will cost several times less. A self-made machine is suitable for occasional use.

Difficulties in making a machine yourself

The structure of a band sawmill is quite complex. The performance of the band sawmill, service life without breakdowns, and much more depend on the quality of the assembly. You should start making your own machine after considering the following points:

1. Installation work is carried out using welding. Therefore, it is practically impossible to carry out work on creating a frame and other elements without a welding machine. To change the shape and size of structural elements you will need a power tool and a milling machine. Of course, the creation of some elements can be entrusted to professionals, but this will significantly increase the cost of the work.
2. During operation, a large load is placed on the band sawmill. Therefore, the structure must be stable and durable. To do this, the structure is attached to the base, and the frame and other elements are produced taking into account the possible weight of the processed logs, about 300 kilograms.
3. If you are creating a homemade gasoline band sawmill, then you should take into account the need to carry out work on sharpening the saw and routing the working part.
4. There are quite a few different designs that allow you to specify the thickness of the resulting product.
5. It is necessary to consider the safety of using the equipment. The installed saw and tape can cause significant harm to human health.

It is worth considering that the design of homemade band saws is only suitable for cutting boards of various lengths and widths.

There are quite a large number of design options for homemade band sawmills, the drawings of which are based on the use of electrical and gasoline engines. Wherein electric options designs are very popular due to better performance and ease of use. But not in all cases it can be used Electrical engine as driving force, since electricity is not available on all land plots.

Conduct a review of specific machines, the drawings of which have exact dimensions. After all, each production requires a table of different sizes, as well as an electric motor of different power.

The procedure for making a homemade band sawmill

1. It is important to choose the right location for installing the equipment. If an electric motor is used as a driving element, it is recommended to eliminate the possibility of increased environmental humidity to prevent the occurrence of short circuit. For ease of processing logs, the area of ​​the workshop or shed should be at least 18 square meters.
2. The work of a band sawmill involves manual feeding of logs, the weight of which is quite large. That is why work on creating the structure in question begins with the manufacture of the frame. It must be stable and have an elongated shape. One part of the machine is designed to accommodate the main structural elements, the second for feeding the workpiece. The elongated part, where the log is located before processing, has rails that help move the workpiece. During production, a profile with a cross-sectional area of ​​at least 5 centimeters is used. Particular attention is paid to the evenness and horizontal guides.
3. The homemade product cuts the workpiece in a horizontal plane. That is why you should consider how the height of the saw will change. Various mechanisms can be used.
4. In our case, an electric motor is used to transmit rotation to the main structural elements. When choosing an electric motor, it is taken into account what voltage it should be powered from (220 or 380 Volts), what power is needed, as well as the placement of the main fastening elements. It is recommended to choose a motor that is powered by a 220 Volt network and has a power of at least 2 kW. The power of the electric motor determines how productive the created machine will be. If you choose the wrong electric motor, it will overheat during operation.
5. The electric motor mount must be located on the opposite side from the place where the workpieces are fed. In this case, it is important to pay attention to the strength of the fastening - during operation, a great impact will be exerted on the electric motor. In most cases, the electric motor is placed under the frame, creating a protective casing (from water and mechanical stress).
6. Next important point you can name the type of drive used to transmit rotation. For many years, direct installation, when the output shaft of the electric motor is rigidly connected to the cutting element of the band sawmill, has not been used. The reason is that the load on the electric motor will vary over a wide range, and there is no protective mechanism to prevent the saw from stopping. Therefore, the drive used is a combination of pulleys and a belt. If the load is large, the belt will slip. By changing the diameters of the pulley, you can reduce or increase the rotation speed of the cutting element of the machine. However, the power from this remains unchanged (the use of a belt drive determines the loss of several percent of efficiency). In addition to the above points, it should be taken into account that over time the belt wears out, the movement of the pulleys leads to the appearance of sound.
7. An important design element is the rollers on which the cutting blade is mounted. One of the rollers is driving, the second is tensioning. Let us note the point that homemade options designs are often created using regular wheels instead of rollers. When creating this structural element, it should be taken into account that the tape must have good tension, for which one of the rollers is spring-loaded. When creating a structure, you should pay attention to the strength of fastening of all elements, since during sawing a strong lateral load may occur on the blade - if a mistake is made, it can fly off.

The above points indicate the main points for the production of a homemade sawmill. You can make a band sawmill yourself at minimal cost. After all, you only need to buy or find an engine, pulleys and rollers, find a metal profile for the frame and a blade for sawing. The reliability of the design depends on the technical condition of all components and the quality of their connections. Therefore, before using the sawmill, you should check it carefully.