Homemade scaffolding for masonry. How and from what you can make scaffolding with your own hands. If your plans include the construction of several residential buildings and outbuildings, then it is better to make homemade scaffolding from profile metal. If high-altitude work

In construction or repair work ah, spent at heights, without scaffolding not enough. Device for construction work You can rent it while you're working, but it's not cheap, especially for long-term renovation projects. Having calculated the required height and configuration, scaffolding you can design it yourself.

The purpose of scaffolding is the ability to deliver building materials to heights and the safety of construction workers staying there during work. To do this, the structure must be stable, durable, with a mechanism for lifting, lowering and protection. Wood or metal is best suited for scaffolding.

Scaffolding consists of several elements:

support frames are the frame, it bears the main load;
floorings (stages) on which builders and working material are located;
handrails to protect against accidents;
stops - for a stable position;
spacers (diagonal and horizontal) - for the strength of the racks and uniform weight distribution;
stairs for ascent and descent.

When building your house, you cannot do without scaffolding. They are needed both when laying walls and when finishing them; they will come in handy when roofing works and installation of drainage. Reliability is the main requirement for scaffolding, because the safety of builders depends on it.

If possible, it is worth renting scaffolding industrial production. But if the construction takes a long time, or finances are very limited, you can make scaffolding with your own hands. Their design is simple, because private construction rarely requires scaffolding more than two floors high.

Load heavily homemade scaffolding Still, it’s not worth it, the maximum number of people working for them is two.

Types of scaffolding and their features

Scaffolding can be entirely wooden or composed of metal pipes and boards. The former are cheaper and easier to assemble, but withstand less weight. The latter will require a lot of money and time to construct, but can be used longer, disassembled and rebuilt if necessary. There are 4 types of scaffolding depending on the design and fastenings used.

Clamps are the most difficult to assemble, but can have a variety of configurations, suitable for work on buildings with a wide variety of architecture.
Wedge scaffolding can support more weight.
Pin scaffolding is quickly disassembled and assembled.
Frame scaffolding is economical to construct and lightweight; it can withstand weights of up to 200 kg per square meter its surface. Maximum height – 50 m. Most suitable for self-assembly and use in individual construction.

Design features and materials

Frame scaffolding is constructed from steel racks and frames, flooring are made of wood. Aluminum structures have less weight, but can also withstand less load. Recommended parameters for one section:

height – 150 cm,
width – 100 cm,
length – 165-200 cm.

The number of sections depends on the height of the house and the length of its walls.

To work you need to stock up on materials. You will need:

profile with square section 3*3 cm, length 150 cm for vertical posts,
pipe with a diameter of 15 mm for diagonal and horizontal struts,
profile with a square section of 2.5 * 2.5 cm for connecting inserts on which the decking will rest, and fences,
boards 4-5 cm thick and 2-2.5 m long for flooring,
for lifting (can be used ready-made, or can be assembled from a profile between the side posts).
Bolts with washers and nuts for connecting elements, self-tapping screws for fastening boards.

Tools you will need are a hacksaw or grinder, a drill with a metal drill bit, welding machine. Connections can also be made using special threaded fasteners.

We build scaffolding from pipes and boards

The preparatory stage before assembling the scaffolding is that the area of land where they will stand is well compacted. This way the whole structure will stand more securely. If construction work is carried out during rainy periods, drainage can be provided so that the ground under the scaffolding does not erode. Boards are placed at the locations of the supports for greater stability.

Important! Even slight play in connections or insufficiently tightened threads can lead to scaffolding destruction and injury.

First of all, the profile and pipes are cut. The pipe is cut into pieces of 200 cm for diagonal struts and 96 for horizontal struts, which will connect the sides. They are cut at 7-8 cm from the ends and flattened. In these places they will then be connected to the profile.

Vertical posts are connected with profile sections, making sure that they are positioned strictly horizontally. Then the horizontal sections of the scaffolding are connected with ties on which the boards will lie, welding them every 30 cm. Holes for bolts are drilled on the racks and spacers. Level the racks and attach spacers to them.

Adapters are used to connect several sections of scaffolding. You can make them yourself. Cut 8-10 cm of a profile with a cross-section of 3*3 cm, thread sections of the profile with a cross-section of 2.5*2.5 cm into it and connect them by welding.

Boards are laid on horizontal ties and secured with self-tapping screws. Scaffolding can be painted.

During construction or renovation, it is often necessary to perform work at heights. With help ladder it will be inconvenient to produce them. For these purposes, you can assemble scaffolding with your own hands. Exist different variants designs that are selected based on the nature and complexity of the work. What is the best type of product to choose, how to assemble it or make it yourself, you can read in this article.

Scaffolding is widely used in repairs and construction. This is an indispensable attribute when performing internal and external finishing works at a certain height. The size and design of the scaffolding depends on the nature and complexity of the installation. The main purpose of this building element is to create comfortable and safe conditions when performing work. This increases work efficiency and saves time and effort.

Regardless of the type of structure, scaffolding must be reliable and durable, taking into account the location of people, materials and tools on it. The product should be placed on a prepared, solid and level area. The structure should be located at a distance of no more than 150 mm from the wall for external work and not exceed 100 mm for internal work.

Helpful advice! If the structure is used for a long time, it is necessary to provide ditches to drain rainwater from the site so that the soil does not wash out from under the racks of the device.

Scaffolding consists of the following elements:

racks;
diagonal and horizontal struts, giving the structure spatial strength;
flooring lintels;
stops designed to ensure the stability of the structure and prevent it from falling;
flooring made of boards where a person will stand;
a fencing element to protect the worker from falling down;
stepladders or ladders to climb to the required level.

The width of the flooring must be at least 1.5 m. The height between tiers should be at least 1.8 m. Gaps no more than 10 mm wide are allowed between the boards and boards. If a continuous flooring is being created, the boards can be overlapped along the length, having first beveled the ends of the elements.

Helpful advice! When performing external repair and construction work, it is recommended to use facade mesh for scaffolding, which will prevent workers, materials and tools from falling. It will also provide protection for the finish from the sun, dust, gusts of wind and precipitation.

Depending on the composition of the functional elements and the option of their fastening, all scaffolding is divided into four types: wedge, clamp, frame and pin. The structures are attached, rack-mounted and collapsible. The exception is scaffolding, where frames are used instead of vertical posts. There are also hanging devices, which can not only be installed on the ground, but also attached to the building. These include clamp, cup and wedge scaffolding.

What material are scaffolding made from: photos of products

Scaffolding - the photos clearly show the different options - can be wooden, galvanized, steel and aluminum. The last option is the lightest and most mobile; it is advisable to use it for interior or exterior work on low altitude. They are considered the strongest and most durable steel structures, which are easily repaired, which cannot be said about aluminum scaffolding. Galvanized products are also durable. Their main advantage is resistance to corrosion, so this best option for outdoor work, where they can stand for a long time in adverse weather conditions.

The price of scaffolding made of steel and galvanized steel will be much higher than that of analogues made of other materials. In addition, such structures are the heaviest, which complicates their transportation. However, such forests can support not only people, but also necessary tools and materials. Therefore, steel and galvanized structures are most often used for large-scale construction and installation works.

Today, metal structures from the Dmitrov Scaffolding Plant are very popular. The products are characterized by high strength, reliability, durability and reasonable cost.

In addition to metal scaffolding, they are often used wooden crafts, which are simple and economical to implement. You can easily make them yourself from scrap materials. However, this design is more cumbersome. Despite the fact that it is collapsible, like other analogues, the boards, due to the fact that they will be dirty and damaged by nails, can hardly be used for other events. This product is designed to perform work at a maximum level of the second floor.

Frame collapsible scaffolding: price of products

Frame-type scaffolding is the cheapest and easiest to use option. The design includes ready-made elements from welded hollow pipes in the form of vertical frames, supports, horizontal and diagonal connections. Due to the fact that a lot of metal is not spent on the manufacture of elements, the design is characterized by light weight, quick installation and disassembly.

Assembly of frame scaffolding is carried out using flag fasteners or clamps. Such designs are used both for interior decoration premises, as well as during external plastering and painting works of buildings with a simple facade. Due to their low weight, scaffolding can be easily changed into sections, as well as moved to another location.

You can buy one of the types of frame scaffolding: LRSP-30, LRSP-40, LRSP-60 and LRSP-100, where the numerical value indicates the maximum installation height. However, the designs differ not only in size, but also in pipe diameter and wall thickness constituent elements. The first two types are produced with a diameter of 42 mm and a thickness of 1.5 mm, and the other two are 48 and 3 mm, respectively. The price of construction frame scaffolding starts from 125 rubles/m².

The structures can be equipped with wheels, which makes it easy to move the unit on flat ground. The standard dimensions of the product are the following: section height - 2 m, length - 2-3 m, passage width - 1 m. To perform one-time work, you can rent frame scaffolding, the price will be 55 rubles / m².

Installation of scaffolding: sequence of actions

Shoes and wooden spacers. If necessary, screw supports can be placed. Adjacent frames of the first tier are placed in the shoes, followed by their connection with diagonal and horizontal connections. The next two frames with ties are placed in increments of three meters. The process is carried out until the lightweight frame scaffolding of the required length is created. Fencing frames are installed along the edges of the structure, followed by the installation of stairs.

Important! The supporting surfaces must be located strictly in a horizontal plane.

Next, they begin to install the second tier, which is also connected by ties, but the diagonal elements are staggered relative to the previous row. Here you can use crossbars on which wooden flooring is laid. To move people between tiers, inclined stairs are installed in areas designated for hatches.

Frame scaffolding is attached to the wall in a checkerboard pattern in 4 m increments using hooks with bushings or plugs with clamps or brackets attached to the scaffold frame posts. The above actions are carried out until the required installation height is reached.
On the safety and working tier there are longitudinal and end connections of the fences, which are mounted in a place where there are no diagonal ties. Scaffolding is installed vertically. Dismantling of dismountable scaffolding is carried out in the reverse order, starting from the top row.

Mobile scaffolding on wheels

The most profitable option to carry out quick repair are scaffolding tours, which are considered a type frame installation. The design is characterized by strength and ease of assembly. The mobility of the installation is ensured by wheels located at the base of the vertical supports. A significant advantage of the tower tower is the presence of a jack in the design of the device. The height of the product does not exceed 20 m. The load capacity of the installation is 300 kg/m².

The structure is made primarily of aluminum, which makes it light and easy to move. Less commonly, you can find steel tours that have high strength and reliability, but are characterized by reduced mobility due to their heavy weight.

Tower towers are actively used in the installation of air conditioners, lighting, video surveillance, banners, billboards, cornices, finishing walls and balconies, repairing gutters and roofs. There are two types of design: non-removable telescopic and collapsible. In the first option, a special mechanism is provided, thanks to which the tour extends to the required height. This type is used indoors.

For external finishing or repair work, collapsible towers with more complex design with supports and diagonal braces. Each subsequent section is built into the supports of the lower module on bushings, resulting in a dimensional structure. With an installation height of 1.3 m, the structure is equipped with railings and sides. Today you can rent a tower or buy scaffolding, the price of which is in the range of 150-200 rubles/m².

Mobile scaffolding on wheels should be used in cases where the installation location will need to be changed frequently. Special brake screws are used to secure the structure in place.

Clamp scaffolding: design features

This type of scaffolding is the most labor-intensive to assemble, since each connection of vertical supports with horizontal, diagonal and transverse connections is carried out using special clamps, which are twisted wrench. Fasteners can be blind or rotary. Depending on this, the connection of the racks can be made at right angles or at any angle, respectively. Due to the fact that the installation of the structure requires a large number of fasteners, clamp scaffolding is the most expensive.

Helpful advice! When assembling the structure, you can combine clamps, which will allow you to create an installation of the desired configuration.

Thanks to the presence of diagonal connections, the structure is durable, reliable and stable. However, this is the most difficult scaffolding option to install and dismantle.

The main advantages of the design are the possibility of manufacturing an installation of any shape and the feasibility of combining it with another version of the auxiliary rack-mount metal structure. Such a structure is mounted along the perimeter of a building of any configuration, even if there are protruding elements. The device can be used for inclined structures.

Related article:

What materials are used for insulation? wooden house. Is it necessary to insulate the foundation? The best modern technologies insulation of wooden houses.

Manufacturers produce various options clamp-type scaffolding, characterized by a maximum installation height that can range from 30 to 80 m. Standard width scaffolding - 1-1.5 m, layer pitch - 2-2.5 m. These parameters vary depending on the configuration of the structure. The maximum load on the structure is 150-250 kg/m. The unit can be purchased or rented. The price of scaffolding starts from 250 rubles/m2. Rent will cost 80 rubles. per m2.

Helpful advice! Clamp scaffolding is recommended to be used to create stages and stands.

Wedge construction mobile scaffolding

This design is created from functional elements using a special wedge fixation. Pipes with flanges are used as vertical components, and pipes with holders are used as horizontal components. To make the unit mobile, it is recommended to equip it with special wheels. Such scaffolding is characterized by strength and reliability. When installing the unit, you can change the direction angle connecting elements, due to which multi-level structures of various configurations are created.

Manufacturers produce wedge scaffolding with dimensions: section height – 2 m, length – 2-3 m, passage width – 1-3 m. The structure can have a height of 60 and 100 m. The installation can withstand a large load of up to 500 kg/m², so the device used during the construction of complex objects when heavy components and materials are lifted.

Helpful advice! To ensure the safety of people who may be near the construction site, it is recommended to purchase scaffolding mesh designed to fence the facade of the building.

Scaffolding is easy to use, but requires labor-intensive installation. The design is characterized by versatility, due to which it can be used not only in the construction of buildings, but also in the construction of stages, stands, canopies, and overpasses. This is an indispensable installation in shipbuilding and aircraft construction. The cost of the structure starts from 425 rubles/m². You can rent scaffolding for 85 rubles/m².

Pin Type Collapsible Metal Scaffolding

Such designs are very popular in construction sites thanks to easy and quick installation and disassembly of the unit. As a connection point in scaffolding, pins are used, which are located on load-bearing supports. They are connected to the holes in the pipes of the connecting elements. The installations are characterized by strength, reliability, rigidity, stability, wear resistance and durability. They can be used repeatedly, easily transported from place to place in disassembled form.

Thanks to the high bearing capacity the design can withstand a significant amount of heavy building materials. Such scaffolding is used in areas with complex terrain and during construction and installation work on structures with a curved configuration. The disadvantages of the design include the large weight of the installation, which is associated with a significant amount of metal.

Today, pin-type scaffolding is sold in the following varieties:

LSh-50 – up to 50 m high, sectional height 2 m, length 1.5-3 m, passage width 1-2 m;
LSPSH-2000-4 – height 40 m, passage width 1.6 m, section height 2 m, length 2.5 m;
E-507 – height 60 m, passage width 1.6 m, length and height of sections 2 m.

You can buy the structure from 519 rubles/m². Also, some companies offer to rent the installation. The price of m² of scaffolding is 90 rubles/m².

DIY wooden scaffolding

If you want to save money and have wooden materials at hand, then you can create the structure yourself. Before you make scaffolding with your own hands, you should study the requirements for the product so that it is durable and reliable.

The distance between vertical posts should not be more than 2.5 m. The installation height reaches 6 m. The width of the flooring can be any, but not less than 1 m. It is important that not only a person can fit on it, but also the tools and materials necessary for work .

For supports and racks should be used wooden beams section 100x100 mm and boards - 50x100 mm. The thickness of the products for spacers should not be less than 30 mm, and the thickness of the flooring - 50 mm. For stiffeners you will need products with a thickness of 25 mm. Thin boards can be used as fencing elements. To create a reliable design, it is necessary to use exclusively construction nails. Self-tapping screws are not capable of creating a reliable connection.

Helpful advice! During installation wooden scaffolding care should be taken to ensure their easy disassembly. For this purpose, it is not recommended to hammer the nails in completely, and you can also use a wooden spacer between the structure element and the head.

After the installation package has been prepared, we begin to assemble it. Work begins with large functional elements. Two beams are laid on a horizontal surface at a distance along the length of the structure so that the tops of the elements converge slightly, which will add stability to the installation. For example, if the distance between the lower ends is 3 m, then between the upper ends there should be no more than 2.6 m. C inside The supports are attached to the sidewalls, which are the basis for the decking. A similar operation is performed with two other bars.

Helpful advice! Lateral cross members must have different lengths to result in a pyramidal structure.

The sides are positioned vertically and tilt towards each other to provide stability. The position is fixed with long transverse nails. To prevent the scaffolding from falling onto the wall of the structure, it is recommended to make the crossbars with an allowance of 20-30 cm.

The racks are installed at a distance of 2-2.5 m, which depends on the thickness of the boards used for flooring. The elements are attached to each other using bevels, thanks to which the structure will not fold to the side. The more jibs and cross members, the stronger and more reliable the scaffolding is made with your own hands. If the height of the structure is more than 3 m, it must be additionally secured to prevent it from falling forward. To do this, they install jibs, which, on the one hand, are nailed to the beams, and on the other, buried in the ground.

The final stage is the installation of the flooring to the cross beams. It is also possible to additionally install fences above each platform to increase safety. If you add to the side elements cross beams, a staircase is formed. To give the structure stability, the ends of the supports should be sharpened and buried in the ground.

Scaffolding and construction trestles

Attached scaffolding is used for simple finishing work where lightweight materials are used. Wooden structures lean against the surface of the building wall and are held in place by a stop. Despite the fact that the installation looks unreliable, it is convenient and safe to work on it. There are two versions of the attached scaffolding: traditional and Armenian. The first installation is simple and reliable, but it is not height adjustable. It can be used for filing roof overhangs, installing gutters and other work that is characterized by a slight variation in height.

Armenian scaffolding is made from a minimum amount of materials and is easily and quickly assembled, moved and disassembled. The main thing is to make triangles, raise them to a given height, place them in 3 m increments and support them with inclined beams that are fixed in the ground.

At exterior decoration For single-story buildings and for work on gables, construction trestles are used, where the flooring is laid on wooden crossbars. Installations are also used in cases where nothing can be supported on the walls. The design is non-bulky and lightweight, it can be moved to the desired location.

The construction goat is a four-legged wooden structure, shaped like the letter “A”, the height of which reaches the height of the master. The number of spacers can be arbitrary. Conventional canopies are used to connect the upper ends of the supports. The legs are fixed with stops. On one side the stand can be made vertically, without tilting. This will allow you to install the structure closer to the wall, which is convenient when painting, caulking or preventative treatment.

Thanks to the many options for scaffolding, it is possible to select the structure required to complete specific works. When choosing a product, it is important to take into account not only its cost, but also the terrain, the surface to be treated, and the timing of the work. Based on this information, it is easy to choose your type of design for each case.

All photos from the article

Are there any regulatory requirements to scaffolding used for laying walls and finishing facades? In this article we will get acquainted with the documents regulating their construction, and also find out how to properly assemble homemade wooden scaffolding.

Regulations

Scaffolding requirements are mentioned in passing in countless occupational safety manuals; however, any serious attention to their design is given in only two documents:

GOST 24258-88 describes the use of scaffolding during construction;
SNiP 12-03-99 is dedicated to labor safety in construction; Scaffolding means are mentioned in section 7.4 of this document.

Let us clarify: the section is devoted not only to scaffolding, but also to safety when using small-scale mechanization equipment and auxiliary devices in general.

Let's dive deeper into the requirements.

GOST 24258-88

First of all, GOST standardizes the design load on scaffolding depending on its type and the height of the site above ground level.

Any construction of a house or facade works cannot do without the use of scaffolding. As a rule, scaffolding is made of wood or metal. Wooden scaffolding is, of course, easier to produce. To ensure the durability of the structure and enhance its strength, metal is chosen.

It all depends on the task and the required wear resistance of the particular scaffolding. The larger the working area, the more attention should be paid to strength. For the construction of private houses or adjacent structures, scaffolding is created 2.5 meters high and 1 m wide. It is better not to build a structure higher than 6 meters, because increasing the height of the structure reduces its stability.

Standard design involves the use of the following components:

Boards for flooring and lintels 10 cm wide and 5 cm thick. Beams for racks and stops measuring 10x10 cm. Nails or self-tapping screws (for small structures).

Spacers are placed between the legs to add strength to the structure. The racks are fastened with flooring and jumpers. To move between levels of scaffolding (up and down), steps are made from beams attached to racks, or an extension ladder is used.

Metal structures are assembled from steel or aluminum pipes. For this you need the following materials:

Pipes for spacers with a diameter of 15 mm. Profile pipe for racks with a diameter of 30 mm. Connecting adapters are made from pipes with a diameter of 25 mm. Necessary tools for connecting all components: drill, welding machine, etc.

Pipes 15 mm. are cut into 2 meter lengths and their ends are flattened.

From 30 mm. pipes are made into sections measuring 0.75 m (the length of one jumper) and 1.5 m.

The structural components are fastened together by welding or bolts. The jumpers are fixed crosswise on both sides. When one section is ready, you can build the next one.

Safety precautions during construction work should be paramount, so do not try to assemble and disassemble scaffolding more than two or three times. They lose strength from reusable assemblies.

Always check the strength of the assembly before starting work.

The need for scaffolding arose along with the need to construct or decorate buildings with a height of more than two floors.

The first such structures were made of wood, which is why they were called scaffolding. They are built around a building that needs to be repaired and are different types. Let's look at the most common types of scaffolding.

Wooden scaffolding

Wood has long been widely used in construction, and it can be used to construct scaffolding for finishing and repair work taking place at low altitudes. Typically this type of scaffolding is used for private homes or low-rise buildings. Since this type of scaffolding is the simplest and easiest to implement, we present the technology for its manufacture.

To construct wooden scaffolding, you will need boards 150x50 mm long, half a meter long, pieces of thin boards 25x100 mm, two long boards of fifty for supports and long boards of the required length for horizontal flooring.

First, triangular supports for the scaffolding are knocked together from the scraps of fifty, and then they are sheathed with thinner boards. The dimensions of the support triangles should be chosen based on the following factors: the support should not move away from the wall under the weight of the builder and its own weight, and there should also be enough space for a worker standing on the platform. In this regard, the length of the scaffold is usually chosen to be 400-500 mm, and the worker’s feet should not sag beyond the platform.

The supports are attached to the supports at sharp angles.

In this case, the upper end of the support is cut so as to insert it inside the support triangle, and the lower part is sharpened to be secured in the ground. After this, the scaffolding is brought to the desired position and the vertical part of the triangular supports is fastened to the wall with nails, without driving them in to the very tops, since then, after finishing the work, they will need to be removed. Then they place the ladder and begin to nail the flooring boards to the supports, in this case the nails are driven in all the way.

Before starting construction work, you should make sure that the structure is stable, and in general, wooden scaffolding should not be made higher than seven meters.

Metal scaffolding

They are made from aluminum or steel pipes, and there are two options for such structures: modular and frame. Modular types include suspended, wedge, clamp and modular (system) scaffolding. Frame scaffolding includes pin, flag and tower scaffolding.

All metal scaffolding requires anchoring to the walls of the building, and without such attachment, the height of the scaffolding should not be more than four meters, and then only on condition that the base under the scaffolding is perfectly horizontal and compacted.

Let's look at the main types of metal scaffolding.

Flag (frame) scaffolding

Such structures can withstand loads of up to 200 kg/sq.

meter. They consist of side frames, racks for horizontal and diagonal fastening of the side frames to each other and shoes for support on the ground. The dimensions of such scaffolding may differ depending on the manufacturer, but the construction scheme is the same.

Such scaffolding is easy to assemble and inexpensive, so it is very common. The frame scaffold fasteners are inserted into holes specially designed for this purpose and secured by turning. IN vertical plane the parts are connected by inserting the frame into the groove below the located element.

Tower tour

These scaffoldings can withstand a load of 200 kg/sq.m.

meter. Such structures are often used for repairing and finishing individual sections of building facades. Since it is quite expensive to build scaffolding around the entire building, and it takes a lot of time to assemble and disassemble them, a tower-tour is used.

It is a construction of their finished frames with a ladder, wheels are attached to its base. If frames with a height of over 4 meters are used, then additional spacers are attached to the frame of the first tier, and if the tiers of the tower are extended by 2/3 maximum height, then it is attached to the wall of the building with brackets or anchors. Such tower tours can be from 4 to 21 meters high and vary in the number of tiers.

Pin scaffolding

Used with a maximum load of 200 kg/sq.m.

meter. The horizontal elements of their design are fastened using pins, which are inserted into hollow pipe-eyes on vertical posts. Each level of scaffolding is assembled in stages, and the lower ends of the rack supports are inserted into the shoes.

For greater rigidity, diagonal braces are used. They can be mounted to a height of up to 40 meters, and are most often used for masonry work. Such scaffolding is made of steel tubes with a large wall thickness, and therefore they are capable of experiencing heavy loads.

Wedge scaffolding

Such structures with a standard load of 200-300 kg/sq.

meter have a more complex design than the options described above. Their elements are secured with steel wedges driven in with a hammer. This increases the strength of the scaffolding, which is why they are used under heavy loads.

The special shape of the wedge prevents wedging. 8-hole flange rack locks are also used. Such scaffolding is used at heights of up to 40 meters for high-rise construction and finishing works.

Clamp scaffolding

Their standard load is 200-250 kg/sq.m. meter.

All elements are connected using clamps (rotary or blind), into which crossbars and racks are inserted and then secured with threaded bolts. The disadvantages include the complexity of assembly, but such scaffolding can be mounted to a height of up to 80 meters. Clamp scaffolding can also be used to work with complex architectural elements– for example, arches and domes.

Which type of scaffolding to choose depends, first of all, on the purpose of its use. Thus, for work at high heights, pin or clamp scaffolding is used, and for construction and finishing work at low heights, frame scaffolding is used.

Evaluate the manufacturing method:

A person's height is less than the height of the house, so it is impossible to lay walls or finish the facade without scaffolding or scaffolding. These designs allow you to safely work at heights and make it possible to always have a supply of consumables on hand.

Builders have their own terminology used to refer to such devices.

They call forests structures that are quite long and tall. “Goat” scaffolds are usually called low portable tables that can accommodate no more than two people.

If you have to lay walls, insulate, repair or decorate the facade, then think in advance about what scaffolding or scaffolding will be required for the work. For our part, we will tell you how to make scaffolding with your own hands strong and stable, saving a lot of money on their rental.

Scaffolding design options

Despite the wide variety of types of scaffolding, their designs contain elements that are identical in purpose:

Vertical posts (accept the working load and transfer it to the ground). Diagonal and horizontal ties (provide spatial rigidity of the frame). Lintels (short side elements of the scaffolding on which the flooring is laid). Flooring (boards knocked together, serving as a working platform for builders) .Thoring slopes (protect scaffolding from tipping over). Railings (protect workers from falling). Stairs (serve for ascent and descent from work platforms).

The material for assembling scaffolding and scaffolding is traditionally wood or metal. A wooden structure is cheaper than a steel one, but can withstand no more than two or three reassemblies. After that, it is only suitable for firewood.

Metal scaffolding is several times more expensive than wood, but has no restrictions on the number of cycles of use. They are easily dismantled and moved to a new location. Their design allows you to build additional tiers as work progresses, increasing the working height.

If your plans include the construction of several residential buildings and outbuildings, then it is better to make homemade scaffolding from profile metal. If high-altitude work will be carried out only once and at one site, then it is more profitable to assemble a structure from beams and boards.

Features of making wooden and metal scaffolding with your own hands

Before you start preparing parts for assembly, you should make a schematic drawing and put on it the main dimensions of the structure.

There is no need to fantasize here, since construction practice has already determined the optimal dimensions of scaffolding:

the maximum height of the structure is 6 meters; the distance between the posts is from 2.0 to 2.5 meters; the width of the working floor is 1 meter.

Ergonomics has established that maximum productivity is achieved when the builder’s hands during work are 30-40 cm below chest level. Therefore, jumpers for installing the first flooring must be placed at a height of 40-50 cm from the ground level. This will save you from having to put together low scaffolding.

It is better to provide fastenings for the second level flooring at a height of 180-200 cm. The third flooring is placed at a level of 360-400 cm.

If you decide to make a structure from boards, then buy the following set of lumber and fasteners in advance:

edged boards

When choosing between nails and self-tapping screws, you should remember that nails are more difficult to remove when dismantling scaffolding.

Self-tapping screws, on the contrary, are quickly unscrewed from wood with a screwdriver. However, they are worse at breaking than nails, since they are made of brittle hardened steel. Therefore, for making small forests We can recommend the use of nails, and for long and tall structures - self-tapping screws.

Scaffolding from boards is assembled in the following order:

on a flat area, 4 racks of timber or boards, cut “to size” according to the height of the scaffolding, are laid out parallel to each other; the racks are connected with horizontal jumpers on which the working flooring will be laid; the two resulting “ladder” frames are placed vertically one against the other and connected by diagonal and horizontal ties; a flooring made of boards is placed on the horizontal lintels and fastened; the scaffolding is fixed on two side slopes, stops; railings are nailed to the racks, a ladder is placed and fixed for climbing.

If there is a need to install two or more sections of wooden scaffolding, then they can be tied together with wide sections of boards, stuffed onto adjacent racks. To prevent nails from splitting short boards, drill holes in them before nailing. Scaffolding from profile pipe their design is similar to that of wood.

The difference between them is the use of adapters. They are used to increase the “number of stories” of a metal structure. A set of blanks for assembling one section includes the following elements: A profile pipe 30x30 or 40x40 mm for racks and lintels (4 pieces of 1.5 m each and 4 pieces of 1 meter each). Thin-walled round pipe with a diameter of 20 mm (4 pieces of 2 meters each for diagonal ties). Profile pipe 25x25 mm or 35x35 mm (8 pieces of 10 cm each for making adapters and bearings). To make a railing, you can take the same pipe - 1 piece 2 meters long. Steel plates 10x10 cm, 2-3 mm thick (4 pieces) for thrust bearings; 10 bolts with nuts and washers for connecting the diagonal ties to each other and attaching them to the frame posts. The assembly of a single-level section of metal scaffolding consists of several operations: the scaffolding posts are rigidly fixed to the assembly panel (OSB sheet) with clamps ( high accuracy when working with metal, this is a very important factor); horizontal jumpers are welded to the racks; adapters from pipe scraps are inserted into the upper ends of the racks 5 cm and fixed by welding; having removed the racks with jumpers from the assembly panel, they are turned 90 degrees and in this position again fixed to the shield with clamps; ends and middle thin-walled pipes, intended for diagonal braces, are flattened with a hammer and holes for bolts are drilled into them; having tightened two diagonal ties in the middle with a bolt, they are placed on the racks and the places for drilling holes are marked; the ties are fixed to the racks with bolts and tightened with nuts; holes are drilled on the racks and railings for bolted connections; plates (thrust bearings) are welded to the pipe sections; the assembled structure is placed vertically and the bearing bearings are inserted into the lower ends of the pipes; flooring from the “magpie” board is laid on the side jumpers. Useful advice: to prevent longitudinal displacement of the flooring to its lower part at the point of contact with the jumpers you need to screw steel corners 30x30 mm. Diagonal ties need to be fastened on one side of the scaffolding, and horizontal ones on the other, so that they do not interfere with each other during assembly. If the installation of scaffolding is carried out with the extension of a section of the third tier (4.5 meters), then in it In the racks, you need to make holes for fastening the profile pipe of the thrust slope, which protects the structure from falling. In the lower and upper parts of the racks of each section, you need to drill holes for bolted connections with other sections (when increasing the length of the scaffolding). Video