Proposals for small businesses from the state. When an entrepreneur is denied financing. Pros and cons of receiving subsidies for small businesses in Russia

Initially, the grant was financial assistance for scientific or design research that did not have obvious commercial goals, but was significant for the development of society as a whole. Today, this subsidy model has been successfully transferred to the problems of maintaining and developing small businesses around the world, including the CIS countries. Distinctive feature grants from lending and investments on the basis of equity participation is their gratuitous nature. In other words, there is no requirement to repay the money or pay interest on the profits.

On the other hand, the organization that allocates such financing sets as its main condition the solution of a certain social problem (labor migration, unemployment, insufficient development of small businesses), thanks to which a stable economy of the state is formed. Also important point It is mandatory to provide reporting on the use of funds received over a certain period (from 1 year), determined by a specific program.

Donors (sources of subsidies) can be:

Government services social protection(employment centers);
Entrepreneurship support departments;
Charitable foundations;
Municipal authorities;
Public organizations, including international ones.

Grant funds can be provided in various formats:

Free cash equivalent- a fixed amount of cash or non-cash money (it can be equal to the requested amount or established by the conditions program), which is then distributed by the beneficiary as the project develops. This grant can be used for rent, wages, utilities, equipment, etc.
Cash equivalent for the purchase of equipment (less often materials)- funds are allocated strictly for the expenses requested in the application;
Property equivalent- the equipment and materials specified in the application are purchased by the donor and transferred to the beneficiary.

Who can get money for business development

Not everyone can become a beneficiary of grant funds to start their own business. For example, only adult citizens who have the right to conduct business activities can submit an application. Also important factors To make a positive decision may be:

Difficult financial situation and status of the privileged category of the population (unemployed, low-income).
A type of activity that is of particular importance for the region in which the subsidy is received (agricultural sector, education sector).
Type of activity of an enterprise that involves solving a number of social problems(employment of low-income people, demobilized military personnel, persons with disabilities).

Quite often among potential recipients financial assistance The question arises: is business registration necessary to submit an application? In practice, this depends on the program itself. Thus, grants for starting a business for aspiring entrepreneurs from employment centers and social protection services do not require the preliminary opening of an individual entrepreneur or LLC. In this case, the enterprise is opened only if the application is approved. On the other hand, there are state and independent programs that stipulate not only mandatory pre-registration, but also a fixed minimum for the existence of the enterprise itself (usually at least one year).

How much money can you get from the grant program in 2018?

The amount of gratuitous financing depends on many factors (program conditions, the amount of funds in the fund, the needs of the entrepreneur, etc.). So, for example, for 2018 it is possible to receive the following amounts:

Programs from employment centers- in the amount of the annual unemployment benefit of a specific individual(up to $1000).
Programs for beginning farmers- from $4000 to $50000.
Subsidies from business support funds- up to $5000 (up to 70% of the total investment in the business).
Business development grant from the state for existing enterprises- from $1000.
Grants from international organizations- from $650 for self-employed individuals and from $2000 for an existing business.
Government support for organizations leading scientific activity - from $1000.
Private grants from successful entrepreneurs (most often in the IT field)- from $8000.

Grant programs that involve receiving funds in the form of property stipulate the maximum possible amount, but it may actually be less if the price of equipment or real estate declared by the entrepreneur is below this threshold.

How to apply for a grant

The actual filing of an application for grant funds usually takes place in several stages:

Preliminary application (questionnaire). It indicates the personal data of the entrepreneur (passport data), the planned or ongoing type of activity, financial situation, family composition and other information to obtain a clear description of the applicant. At this stage, the applicant is assessed from the perspective of the general requirements of the program (age, citizenship, place of registration) and it is determined whether he really needs grant funding.
Submission for consideration detailed business plan with justification of the requested funds and the relevance of the proposed business idea. At this stage, all additional information: letters of recommendation, diplomas of specialized education, copy of work record book, preliminary agreements with suppliers and lessors, product samples, invoices for the requested equipment, bank account number for transferring funds, statutory documents and certificate of registration (upon request). If the receipt of funds is aimed at developing an existing business, an up-to-date description of the enterprise's work and a strategic development plan are provided.
Defense of a business plan before an expert commission. Many people mistakenly believe that they can buy ready business plan and receive grant funds for it. However, each application goes through a defense procedure, during which the entrepreneur presents his idea and answers questions from specialists. In practice, this means that if you are not confident in your plan, or even more so, do not know what is included in it, you may be rejected.

In some cases, subsidy programs may include preliminary training (trainings, seminars, courses on entrepreneurship), which takes place after submitting a preliminary application and aims to help aspiring entrepreneurs write and comprehend a business plan.

What contributes to obtaining a positive decision

The basic scheme for obtaining grant funds is not complicated - you need to choose an organization, submit an application, write and defend a business plan for your future enterprise. On the other hand, in order to receive approval from the expert commission, the entrepreneur must be able to present his idea as worthy of funding. To do this, you should use the following techniques:

Position the idea as useful for society. Particularly popular are projects whose side qualities include protection environment, general improvement in the quality of life of the population and the development of technology.
Add justified ones to the project innovative solutions . Ideas and methods of their implementation must be realistic. So, for example, you cannot request funds to open a travel agency for those who want to go to Mars, but you can plan to open a center physical training for children who dream of flying into space.
Prepare visual material (illustrations, slides, posters, graphs). As a rule, a business plan presents only dry numbers, while the creative design of an idea demonstrates your personal passion for the project, as well as your willingness to make efforts to implement it.
Create an effective team. If a project involves several people instead of just one, it inspires more confidence.
Provide statistical data (with references to correct sources). An analytical approach will show you as a good business strategist.
Tell us about your competitors. Demonstrate that you know the market situation and are not afraid of competition.
Put your own resources into the project. The presence in the project of at least 30% of the entrepreneur’s personal funds (equipment, money, copyrights, etc.) is significant evidence of the seriousness of his intentions.
Don't be afraid to engage in debates with committee members. The main goal of project defense is not only to identify the profitability of the business and the feasibility of financing, but also to assess the entrepreneur’s confidence in achieving his goal. Therefore, you should not be afraid to prove the success of your own ideas.

In what cases can a refusal be received?

There are a number of situations and factors that increase the chances of refusal to subsidize entrepreneurship. These include:

Enough long term existence of the enterprise (from 5 years and above). Grant funds are most often given to start-up and young entrepreneurs who need such support due to lack of experience. If for long years work, the company cannot find sources of financing for development, it is perceived as unprofitable.
The project previously received funding through grant programs. If you already have assistance from a particular organization, the chance of receiving another subsidy from the same donor is almost zero. Things are a little better when applying to other organizations, but it is advisable to clarify the rules before submitting an application.
Bad credit history . If you (as an entrepreneur) have debts to banks, utilities, employees or partners, this may come up when an expert commission evaluates your company, which will show you as a bad leader. The exception is unclosed loans and accounts for which there are no late payments.
Having a criminal record for financial fraud or working in a management position in a company that has been declared bankrupt within the previous five years.
Unrealistic (meaningless) idea. As a rule, practical and traditional models businesses whose prospects are easy to assess.

If your application is rejected for no apparent reason, do not stop. You must first contact the donor organization and inquire about the reasons for the negative decision. Based on the criticism received, you can always correct it own project and reapply.

Reporting to donors after receiving a grant

Before receiving a grant for business development, you need to understand that the funds provided are conditionally free of charge. If they are misdirected, the beneficiary will be financially liable to the donor and the money will need to be returned.

Most often, after sending grant funds, the following requirements are presented to the recipient:

Official registration of business activity (if this has not been done previously).
Providing open access for representatives of the donor organization to reporting regarding the use of grant funds or equipment, upon request, within the period specified by the program (from one year).
Providing various tax and financial statements enterprise, regardless of the current state of affairs (the enterprise does not have to be successful, but it must work).

In addition, in case of receiving a subsidy in direct cash equivalent, a final report on the intended use is also submitted. It is formed at the end of the grant agreement and consists of two mandatory parts:

Analytical- description of the results of the work performed using investments.
Financial- accounts and agreements under which grant funds were used. Each expense item is listed in a summary table and payment documents are attached.

Grant funding for start-up entrepreneurs is one of the best channels for raising funds. Therefore, knowing how to get a grant for small business development in 2018, you can start developing your own business today with minimal risks.

The state daily declares its patronizing attitude towards small businesses. Not to large, not to medium, but precisely to small. Dozens of direct and indirect assistance programs are being approved, billions of rubles are being allocated to open small enterprises, tax holidays are in place - but what are the reasons for such concern? Why does every novice businessman already know how to get a subsidy from the state for business? Are there any factors influencing such a policy in relation to business entities?

The reasons are obvious: the first of them is ensuring employment of the population, a kind of fight against unemployment, the official level of which in 2016 is 5.8%. In fact, the figure is much higher: a significant part of the population is not registered, while others are trying to survive by receiving minimum wages. The ideal may be to achieve a natural unemployment rate of 4%, at which everyone who wants to work finds a job, and free subsidies to small businesses may well serve as one of the available methods.

The second reason is related to the first - the influence of small businesses on the state of the economy. Each entrepreneur creates several new jobs and several new taxpayers, produces products and contributes his small share to GDP. Therefore, subsidies for small businesses in 2019 can be considered a kind of investment - a newly created business entity will, one way or another, return the money to the budget. For comparison: in 2016, about eleven billion rubles were allocated, and the amount returned in the form of taxes for the first quarter of the year was already seventy-seven.

The consequence of this policy is that a novice entrepreneur can receive at least three types of direct financial assistance:

Compensation for business registration costs up to 20 thousand rubles;
Subsidy for starting a business in 2019 in the amount of 60 thousand rubles;
Financial assistance for the development of an operating business up to 300 thousand rubles.

Help in starting a business

Financial is determined in the amount of unemployment benefits for 12 months - 60 thousand rubles excluding taxes. Of course, this is not such a large amount - but what kind of entrepreneur starts a business with millions in his pocket? Receiving a subsidy for starting a small business in 2019 is accompanied by loss of time and paperwork, and therefore everyone must determine the degree of importance of this assistance independently.

First steps

Since this type of subsidy is intended as a measure to combat unemployment, it is necessary to start from the employment center. Registering is not difficult, but you will have to show some creativity in communicating with employers.

In accordance with the law, certain categories of the population cannot receive unemployed status, that is, a subsidy from the employment center for opening a small business in 2019, respectively:

Minors who are under sixteen years of age;
Pensioners receiving old-age benefits;
Citizens under investigation or in custody;
Full-time students;
Women on maternity leave;
Citizens receiving benefits for health reasons (disabled);
Co-owners of LLCs and other commercial companies.

To register at the employment center, you need to provide the required set of documents: passport, diploma, work book, TIN – full list usually indicated on information boards or can be obtained from the administrator. Of course, the Employment Center is not interested in you joining the ranks of the unemployed, and therefore you will first be offered several applications from employers in accordance with your specialty.

The most important thing here: you cannot refuse. You will have to visit employers and undergo interviews, but you need to present yourself in such a way that they will reject your candidacy as not meeting the requirements of the vacancy. If you refuse, the next time the CZN will be ready to accept you only after 10 days - and will again offer several applications. Having successfully completed this stage, you will become officially unemployed.

Preparing a business plan

Detailed information about the requirements for applicants and assistance in obtaining subsidies for small businesses can be obtained through consultation with an inspector of the Central Employment Center, after which you can submit an application about your desire to become an entrepreneur. In this case, the employment center has several courses, psychological tests and other training programs in stock: each of these events is mandatory for the future entrepreneur to complete. At the same time, you need to develop a business plan.

A realistic business plan for receiving subsidies from the state is detailed diagram work of your future enterprise, with preference given to social, production or innovative projects. The more economic calculations and initial data, the better, but you definitely need to indicate the following:

Line of business, field of activity;
Target audience, its purchasing power;
Initial and ongoing costs for the purchase of fixed assets, rent, taxes, wages, advertising, repayment of possible loans and payments under leasing agreements;
Investment plans, own and borrowed funds, expected subsidies for business from the state;
Profit forecasts, profitability calculations and business breakeven points;
The number of planned new jobs, taking into account workers attracted from the central labor center;
Proposed suppliers of raw materials and methods of marketing finished products;
Description of technologies used in production, their environmental safety;
A business development strategy that is understandable even to officials for at least a year.

The commission evaluating the project is guided by both the thoroughness of planning and the personality of the applicant. A person who is confident and understands what he is talking about has a higher chance of receiving a subsidy from the state. It is desirable that the project be socially important and socially useful: a pharmacy with low prices in a remote village has a better chance of winning than another boutique with fashionable clothes.

Only after approval of the business plan can you enter into an agreement with the central purchase price center, then register entity and apply for small business grants. At the same time, collect documents confirming registration costs and receive appropriate compensation in the amount of up to 20,000 rubles.

Refusals to receive subsidies

Production and sale of goods subject to excise duty;
Credit, insurance activities and operations with collateral;
Gambling business;
Mining.

In addition, projects that are technically illiterate, socially useless and insufficiently developed, in which there are too many intuitive assumptions not supported by data, have very little chance of approval.

Subtleties of the process

The subsidy received as a result of these actions for starting a business in 2019 is completely free of charge, subject to two conditions:

The subsidized business must exist for at least a year;
The targeted expenditure of funds must occur within three months in accordance with the approved article of the business plan, of which documentary evidence must be provided to the employment center.

If any of these points are not met, the money will have to be returned to in full regardless of what part of them and for what purpose has already been spent.

As for the maximum size of the subsidy for starting a business, it is 60 thousand rubles without deduction of taxes for each employee employed in this project who is registered with the Central Employment Center. By hiring one additional officially unemployed person, you get another 60 thousand; by hiring two, you get 120 thousand. Of course, those employed in this way must work in the project for at least a year.

Assistance in business development

An aspiring entrepreneur whose business has been in existence for less than a year can count on one more type of small business subsidy in 2019 - financial assistance from the state in the amount of 300 thousand rubles for each SPD founder. A businessman is formally no longer unemployed, so the distribution of support of this type is not carried out by the Central Employment Center, but by the Department of Development and Support of Entrepreneurship. Here you will be provided detailed information about how to receive a subsidy from the state for the development of small businesses, what documents need to be provided and when the next competition will be held.

Application for a subsidy

The requirements for the set of documents on the basis of which the commission makes a decision may have slight differences depending on the region and the policies of local authorities, but minimum required as follows:

Application containing general description project, justification for its social importance, tasks to be solved, methods and strategies for achieving the goal, stages of implementation, volumes of own and attracted funding, expected results;
Copy of certificate of SPD registration, statutory documents;
Detailed business plan;
Orders on the appointment of a director, chief accountant.

The following documents are used as attachments confirming your ability to implement such a project:

Copies of lease agreements for premises for the implementation of the project;
Copies of contracts with suppliers and buyers;
Copies of necessary licenses, patents, expert opinions and permits from regulatory authorities;
Certificate of absence of debts on taxes and budget payments;
Financial statements, Bank statement about the state of accounts.

After reviewing the documentation, the commission can form an opinion about what your business is, what resources are available to you, how active it is, and how much help you need. Before receiving a subsidy for small business development in 2019, you must confirm the investment of your own funds, since assistance is provided through co-financing: 30–50% of the required amount is contributed by the state, and the rest by the entrepreneur himself.

Project protection

Included competition commission– not only officials who are far from business, but also entrepreneurs and banking specialists will make decisions on the allocation of financial assistance. Before you take out a subsidy for the development of a small business, you will have to pass a kind of exam to defend a business plan, show your knowledge of the basics of the economy, market trends and the needs of society.

The likelihood of receiving funding increases if:

The project creates several new jobs and allows for an increase in wages for already employed specialists;
The project is related to production, social, youth or innovation activities;
The seriousness of intentions is confirmed by personal investments, long-term lease agreements, contracts with business partners and the city administration;
The management of the enterprise has significant experience in this field;
The project is profitable for the budget and provides a fairly quick return on investment in the form of taxes.

Purpose of the subsidy

The subsidy received for the development of small businesses in 2019 must be spent in strict accordance with the article of the business plan approved by the commission. The intended purpose of these funds may be:

Purchase of fixed assets, equipment, tools and technological lines;
Purchase of raw materials, semi-finished products and materials for production;
Search and rental of production premises.

Financial assistance must be used within a year. The balance of government money after the expiration of the period is subject to return. If you allow funds to be spent inappropriately, do not submit supporting documents, or miss deadlines for submitting reports, then you will have to return the full amount.

Video: How small businesses can receive free financial assistance from the state

Entrepreneurship is a rather complex and labor-intensive way of making money. A person who runs a business has to solve problems of various kinds. They may be related to issues of a technical, everyday, social and financial nature.

It is a well-known fact that private business requires investment, especially at the formation stage. One of the tasks of a person who deals entrepreneurial activity, is searching and attracting financing for your business.

Potential recipient

People who are currently unemployed can count on receiving a grant. Moreover, this status must be officially confirmed, that is, the person must be registered with the employment center.

What is the difference between a grant and a subsidy?

A grant differs from a subsidy in that they have different size and they are issued by different structures. Typically, the subsidy goes to the entrepreneur entirely, and the grant - in several stages or, in other words, in tranches. If funding comes from a fund, then the entrepreneur will need to submit reports on what purposes the money was spent on.

The organization that finances the entrepreneur can itself purchase the necessary goods. The grant can be issued several times if the company that received it is well established and has positive development indicators. If the use of funds does not bring any results, then, most likely, the next financing will be denied.

Grants can be provided by the government or private organizations. The funding focus of public and private foundations differs.

Government funding

The state is aimed at social support of the population, so grants are received by:

Unemployed citizens whose status has been confirmed at the labor exchange.
Young people who have graduated from a higher educational institution.
People who have .
Military personnel with retiree status.

There are certain areas that are developing in a particular region. For example, in one region agriculture is developing, while in another the priority area will be business related to supporting new technologies. It will be easier for those organizations whose activities are related to the priority areas of the region to receive a grant.

Another factor that influences the choice is long-term project. The state is interested in the company developing and paying taxes. Therefore, to receive a grant, it is necessary to prepare a calculation that will show that this project will be successful and in a couple of years will return the funds invested in it in taxes.

Also positive thing to receive a grant in 2018 will be the provision of jobs to unemployed segments of the population. It would be welcome if their quantity is at least five.

gratuitous help

Free assistance is provided private foundations. They can be domestic or foreign. The scope of their funding extends to companies and organizations whose activities are related to culture, economics and ecology. Projects related to scientific research and the development of any innovations also attract the attention of such funds.

As a rule, these funds give preference to already proven organizations that have experience effective use Money.

Before submitting an application for a grant to a private foundation, it is recommended to prepare, namely, to clarify which companies have already been funded, whether these entrepreneurs have received grants previously, and if so, in what quantity.

If possible, arrange a meeting with the grant winners. Ask them about the features of the project, what to emphasize, in what form to make the presentation and other points that can have a positive impact on receiving funds.

Exist General requirements to grants, but private foundations can set their own conditions. For example, when issuing a grant for a project related to agriculture, there may be restrictions on the area of land use.

From banks

In addition to funds, banks issue grants; they determine the conditions for receiving them and the amount. As a rule, banks compensate part of the money spent from the implementation of a project for the customer. The bank may also stipulate which regions can participate in the competition, the number of company employees, income and other requirements.

As a rule, if an entrepreneur meets the bank’s requirements, he submits an application, and if it is approved, he carries out actions aimed at implementing the customer’s project. Next, you need to provide reporting on the funds spent and receive compensation for the completed project.

Exceptions and deadlines

State grants are received by novice specialists or socially disadvantaged sections of society. Private foundations focus on science and new technologies. However, there are exceptions.

Grant application deadlines vary depending on the fund and nomination. As a rule, deadlines are indicated along with the list necessary conditions receiving a grant. There are cases when they can be extended.

The main deadline limit for 2018 is end of July. But there are also grants that you should apply for. until February or Martha.

There are certain deadlines for reviewing applications; they are two months. But there are cases when an application can be considered for about a year.

Possible compensation

Entrepreneurs should know that the funds allocated by the fund must be spent for their intended purpose. It will not be possible to purchase items that can be used for personal purposes, such as a car or interior items.

The money can be spent on purchasing equipment that will be used in production. The purchase of raw materials or supplies is also welcome. You can include long-term rental of real estate. Compensation wages people who work in this company, government grants do not pay, and foreign investment funds consider these expenses acceptable.

If an entrepreneur is ready to participate in co-financing his project, then this will be a plus for making a positive decision on issuing a grant in his direction. The more an entrepreneur is willing to contribute to a project, the higher his chance of receiving a grant. The amount of project co-financing varies from 15 to 50%.

Conditions for receiving

Besides standard requirements that a candidate for a grant must meet, foundations can nominate additional conditions. TO mandatory conditions relate following criteria:

Completion of courses in the basics of entrepreneurship by the candidate.
Providing jobs for people who are not employed labor activity. This condition may be mandatory when receiving a government grant.
Documented evidence that you have not previously received any financial assistance.
A certain annual turnover of the company.
Provide reports on the absence of any debts to the tax authorities.
Requirements related to age, education received and work experience in a certain field must be met.
The business must be registered in a certain region. As mentioned above, there are differences between regions in the allocation of funds in one area or another.

In addition to production and business projects, funds can be allocated for the implementation of political projects whose activities are aimed at improving the quality of life of the population.

Educational projects aimed at working with schoolchildren and students.
Cultural and educational activities.
Rehabilitation of drug addicts and alcoholics in society after treatment.
Activities related to employing the unemployed population.
Helping people who have suffered from any natural disasters or military actions.

Required documents for application

There is a basic list of documents that are needed to apply for a grant. Each fund may also put forward additional requirements.

Business project.
Passport of the entrepreneur who will appear as the applicant.
Completed application for participation.
A special letter that should reflect strengths project, namely its uniqueness, relevance and necessity.

The application must contain information about existing problem company, description of ways to solve it. The financial part must also be spelled out, namely, where the funds are planned to be spent, possible risks and ways to resolve them are described. The application form is determined by the fund.

Sample business plan

Exists standard business plan sample, which is suitable for a grant.

Errors when completing an application

Exists several errors, due to which the entrepreneur may not receive a grant.

If you specify the maximum possible amount of financing for the project.
There are few jobs that the entrepreneur plans to provide.
You should not indicate that the company needs a car.
It is imperative to indicate the exact expenditure of funds in the business project.
It is necessary to provide information about the company's suppliers and partners.
A business project must be voluminous.
You should indicate how much taxes will be paid.
The project must contain information about the competitiveness of the product or service.
It is mandatory to provide information about the effectiveness of the project.
The design of a business project must be at a high level.

You should comply with reporting requirements and also inquire about the most in effective ways use of funds in the fund, you need to be in touch with it. If an entrepreneur “makes friends” with the fund, he will have the opportunity to receive other material support.

You can find out how to get money from the state for the development of individual entrepreneurs in this video.

In every region of our country there are programs that provide various subsidies, compensation, benefits and other types of assistance. What forms state support for entrepreneurs exist and how to use them? We will talk about this in our article.

Today, the most popular small business assistance programs are:

subsidy for starting a business for the unemployed;
business development subsidy for start-up entrepreneurs;
guarantee under credit and leasing agreements;
compensation for part of the interest on loans;
reimbursement of part of the costs under the leasing agreement;
issuing loans at reduced rates;
reimbursement of expenses for participation in exhibitions and fairs;
tax benefits for new and existing entrepreneurs.

Let's consider all these types of government support in more detail.

Subsidy for starting a business for the unemployed

If you are unemployed and want to try your hand at business, a subsidy from the employment center in the amount of 58,800 rubles can help you at first. This type of government assistance is provided to unemployed citizens free of charge. In order to receive a subsidy, you need to contact the employment service at your place of registration, register for unemployment, write and defend a business plan. Some employment centers will additionally require you to undergo a short training in the basics of entrepreneurship and psychological testing.

It's best if your future business will have a social focus and you will create one or more jobs. For example, let's start manufacturing products folk art. Business ideas related to the production or sale of alcohol, opening a pawnshop, network marketing. After defending your business plan before the commission and if it is approved, you enter into an agreement with the employment center to receive a subsidy. Please note that you should register an individual entrepreneur or LLC only after concluding an agreement. It is necessary to follow this procedure, since the contract is concluded with you as an unemployed person, and not as an entrepreneur or legal entity.

The costs of registration are also reimbursed by the state. Reimbursement is transferred upon the fact, that is, you must pay for registration at your own expense, and then provide documents on payment to the employment center.

The subsidy amount may increase if you hire one or more unemployed people who are also registered with this employment center (+58,800 for each hired employee). This program is valid for individual entrepreneurs only.

Within three months of receiving the grant, you must certify that the funds have been spent in accordance with the approved business plan. If your business “lasts” less than a year, the money will have to be returned to the state.

Subsidy for start-up entrepreneurs

You can get a more significant amount for business development - 300,000 rubles (500,000 rubles for Moscow entrepreneurs). In order for you to be provided with such a subsidy, at least a year must pass from the moment of registration of your individual entrepreneur or LLC. Money is issued after defending a business project, but on co-financing terms, that is, you invest 50-70% of your own funds, and the state compensates for the rest of your costs for business development. The subsidy can be spent on purchasing equipment, equipping workplaces, purchasing raw materials, and paying rent. Another condition for providing a subsidy is that your company does not have debts on taxes and insurance premiums. Non-repayable loans are most often issued to entrepreneurs who carry out socially important activities - engaged in consumer services, work in the field of education, healthcare, etc. You will need to account in detail for the public funds spent. You can find out all the details from local governments or business support funds in your region.

Guarantee for loan and leasing agreements

In almost every region there are guarantee funds that can become guarantors when an entrepreneur applies for a loan or enters into an agreement with a leasing company. Such a guarantee is an additional advantage when obtaining a loan. For the service, the fund will have to pay 1.5-2% of the guarantee amount, which, as a rule, is 30-70% of the loan amount.

How to use the guarantee fund:

Find out the requirements for borrowers on the fund’s website or by phone.
If you meet them, then check which banks are the fund’s partners. Select the bank where you would like to take out a loan.
When contacting the bank, indicate that you would like the guarantee fund to act as your guarantor.
If your loan application is approved by the bank, then together with the bank you need to prepare documents and an application to the guarantee fund.
If the fund's decision is positive, a tripartite guarantee agreement is drawn up.
You receive a loan and pay for the services of the guarantee fund.

The guarantee fund must be located in the same region in which your business is registered.

Compensation for part of interest on loans

If you took out a loan for business development from one of the Russian banks, you can compensate part of the interest on the loan at the expense of the state. The amount of the subsidy depends on the current refinancing rate and the size of the loan. This type of support is valid in almost all regions and applies to most types of activities.

Reimbursement of part of the costs under the leasing agreement

Another popular type of assistance from the state to small businesses is compensation for part of payments under leasing agreements. If you lease production equipment or vehicles, then you have the opportunity to return part of the funds. Maximum size differs depending on the region: for example, in Moscow it is up to 5 million rubles. You can find out all the details from the small business development department or entrepreneurship support funds in your region.

Issuing loans at reduced rates

In many regions of the Russian Federation, there are microfinance programs for small businesses that enable entrepreneurs to receive loans and short-term loans on preferential terms. As a rule, the loan amount ranges from 10 thousand to 1 million rubles for a period of 1-3 years. The interest rate varies from 8 to 10%. Certain regions provide loans at a lower rate of 5% to entrepreneurs who work in the manufacturing or agricultural sector, provide household services, that is, engage in socially significant activities. In some cases you can get more a large sum- up to 5 million for a longer period - up to 5 years.

To obtain a loan, contact the entrepreneurship support fund in your region. There you will be told what requirements the borrower must meet, what documents and possibly collateral are required to obtain a loan. Based on the documents provided and the collateral, the fund’s specialists will make a decision on issuing or refusing to issue a loan.

Reimbursement of expenses for participation in exhibitions and fairs

This type of state support for small businesses will allow you to reduce the costs of participating in exhibitions and fairs, that is, take advantage of the opportunity to present your product to a wide audience, find clients and partners, and exchange experiences. The state can pay two-thirds of your participation in such events - rental and delivery of equipment, registration fee. Travel, accommodation and food costs are not reimbursed. The subsidy is provided once during the current financial year. The subsidy amount is from 25,000 to 300,000 rubles, depending on the region.

Tax benefits for new and existing entrepreneurs

From January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2020, regions have the right to set a zero tax rate for first-time registered individual entrepreneurs for 2 years. This applies to entrepreneurs on imputation and patent who work in production, social, household or scientific field. For example, in 2016, “tax holidays” are in effect in Bryansk, Voronezh, Kostroma, Kursk, Lipetsk, Moscow, Omsk, Tula and many other regions.

Also, since 2016, as anti-crisis measures to support small businesses, in some regions there have been reduced tax rates for entrepreneurs on the simplified tax system - from 1% and UTII - from 7.5%.

Other forms of government support for small businesses

In all regions of our country, training and advanced training is provided for small businesses, which includes a variety of trainings, seminars, and conferences. You will be advised on any questions that inevitably arise for both beginners and those who have already been doing business for more than one year. professional accountants, lawyers and other specialists. These services are provided free of charge.

How can I find out about support measures in my city?

You will find a detailed description of support measures in the SME Business Navigator - a free resource for entrepreneurs. Here you can find a database of all state and municipal organizations that provide support to small and medium-sized businesses in your region.

If after reading the article you still have any questions, ask them in the comments.

03Sep

Hello! In this article we will talk about how to get a loan for a small business from the state.

Today you will learn:

What types of government loans exist for businesses?
Who can receive government support?
Which authorities should I contact for help?
What documents need to be collected?

The government offers an alternative - state support for small businesses. But before you turn to the authorities for help, you should understand what type of government loan will be optimal for you - that’s where we’ll start.

Types of loans from the state for business

In 2017, the government actively supports start-up entrepreneurs and provides assistance in the form of such forms of material support as:

Small business microfinance;
Guarantee from the state;
(free loan);
Compensation payments;
Tax relief.

Now we will consider each type of state support for small and medium-sized businesses separately.

Small business microfinance

Each region of the Russian Federation has a microcredit fund for small and medium-sized businesses. It is he who facilitates the issuance of borrowed funds to entrepreneurs on a preferential basis.

Lending conditions are different in each region. Significant advantage This type of lending is its accessibility: money is provided regardless of the area of employment.

There are only some restrictions that are determined by each region independently. For example, for Moscow this is a limit on the amount of a loan to a young entrepreneur.

Average conditions for obtaining a preferential loan:

or physical () in the territory of the subject of the Russian Federation in which the loan will be received;
From 50 thousand to 1.5 million rubles (restrictions may be imposed on the amount depending on the scope of the organization’s activities);
The interest rate of a preferential loan ranges from 8 to 12% and will depend on the prospects of your business, market needs, the solvency of the borrower, the amount of borrowed funds and the loan term, the type of collateral;
Money is provided against security: property pledge, surety, pledge of a product in circulation, etc.;
The loan is issued in non-cash form;
If the conditions for providing money are not met, penalties are provided in the form of an increased percentage;
There is a limit on the number of loans;
The duration of consideration of documents for the provision of funds ranges from 5 to 10 days, depending on the region.

State guarantee

In this case, a commercial bank will give you the money, and the state fund, represented by the Federal Notary Chamber, will act as a guarantor. However, it should be taken into account that in state program Not all commercial banks participate. Their full list in your region can be obtained on the official website of the Russian government.

Unlike the first option, receiving funds under government guarantee does not differ in terms of conditions from regular loan. Review of your application will not be quick. Also be prepared for the fact that the fund will not guarantee the entire amount, but only a portion.

Social enterprises providing services to citizens, production and industry, and innovation are most likely to receive a guarantee from the fund. Special attention When considering an application for a guarantee, the fund pays attention to the number of jobs created by the organization.

Subsidies

Subsidies are the most desired type of government support by entrepreneurs. The thing is that it is provided to businessmen free of charge.

However, not all entrepreneurs can receive a subsidy.

Businessmen must meet fairly stringent conditions to obtain:

It is necessary to register with the Employment Center as an unemployed person;
Answer the questions psychological test in the same Employment Center;
Complete training in entrepreneurship;

At the same time, all expenditures of government money must be consistent and supported by documents. After an entrepreneur receives a positive response from the Center, he must register his enterprise. Only after this the money will be credited to your account.

It often happens that an entrepreneur is denied a subsidy. The grant may be allocated for the purchase of either equipment or goods for sale, or intangible resources. This should be stated in your business plan.

Grant

It is also provided to businessmen free of charge. The disadvantage of grants is that not everyone can receive one.

The following are eligible to receive a grant:

Beginning entrepreneurs (have been operating for no more than 12 months);
Entrepreneurs who do not have debts on taxes or loans;
Businesses that create a lot of jobs.

Also, the area in which the organization operates is important for receiving a grant. Each region defines these areas independently.

Compensation payments and tax breaks

In this case, the state simply compensates the entrepreneur for part of the money that he spent on business development.

The following companies can count on such a relaxation: companies producing innovative products, enterprises producing import-substituting goods, as well as service providers.

As for tax breaks, in 2017 a novice entrepreneur has the opportunity to take the so-called. They consist in exempting a businessman from paying taxes for two tax periods.

You can take advantage of the holidays if:

Are you an aspiring entrepreneur?
Organization on one of the following taxation systems: or;
You are employed in manufacturing, social welfare or science.

Requirements for borrowers

Let's take a closer look at what requirements are imposed on applicants for state support to receive a particular benefit. The information is given in the table.

	Conditions of receipt	Important Features
Microfinance	— registered in the region where funds are received; - the loan must be secured by property	— goal: development of small and medium-sized businesses; - loan terms - no more than a year
State guarantee	— the bank must participate in the state program; — you must be an active organization for at least 6 months; — registration in the region where the loan is received is required; — you do not have problems with creditors and tax authorities; — it is necessary to repay a certain percentage of the loan with your own funds (set in each region)	— The priority activities for financing are: production, innovation, construction, service activities, transportation, tourism (in the Russian Federation), education, medicine, housing and communal services. — Does not apply to the extraction and sale of minerals, gambling, banking and insurance activities, securities funds, pawnshops
Subsidy	— the importance of business for a constituent entity of the Russian Federation. Each subject has its own significant areas (you can find out the priority areas of activity for your region on government resources); — presence of a business plan that must meet certain criteria (also established in each region); — the entrepreneur must invest a certain amount of his own funds (depending on the program)	Funds are issued for the purchase of: — raw materials and materials; — production equipment; — intangible resources. Period of use in cash limited. Typically 1-2 years
Grant	— business activity has been conducted for less than a year; - the businessman does not and has not had problems with loans and borrowings (“clean” credit history); — the enterprise creates a certain number of jobs; — you did not receive other government benefits; - availability of own funds	Funds are allocated for the development of medium and small businesses
Compensation payments	Borrowers can be: — manufacturers and developers of innovative products; — sellers of import-substituting goods; — organizations engaged in the provision of services	Spending goals: development of medium and small businesses
Tax benefits	— engaged in entrepreneurial activity for no more than a year; — you are a member of the taxation system: PSN or simplified tax system; — assistance is provided to companies engaged in science, production, and providing services to the population.

To summarize, government assistance is available for:

Beginning businessmen ();
Organizations involved in the production of products, development of innovative products;
Enterprises providing services to the public;
Entrepreneurs have no problems with loans.

Where to contact

For each material benefit a certain government agency, to whom the entrepreneur should turn.

Microfinance is provided by the Entrepreneurship Support Fund in your region. To receive a loan on preferential terms, you need to collect a package of documents (it differs for individual entrepreneurs and legal entities).

You can find out more about this issue on the official website of the fund in your region; we will name only the main generally accepted documents:

Application and questionnaire of the applicant, as well as the guarantor;
Entrepreneur data;
Constituent documents;
Extract from the register of small and medium-sized businesses;
Certificate of entry into / and extract from there;
A copy of the applicant's passport;
Copy of SNILS;
Activity licenses;
Accounting and tax reports.

After you have collected all the documents, you should submit an application for a loan to the Support Fund. You can also download such a statement on the official website of the Foundation in your region.

You must apply for a government guarantee with everyone necessary documents to a bank that participates in affiliate program with the Entrepreneurship Promotion Fund.

The bank itself will evaluate the possibility of government support and submit the application to the fund, which will consider it within three days. An application for a guarantee should be attached to the standard package of documents required to obtain a loan.

A subsidy or grant can be obtained from the labor exchange. To do this, you must meet a number of conditions that we have already discussed above. The package of documents for receiving a subsidy includes an application and a business plan.

You can receive compensation payments at the employment center. To do this, provide a business plan and a corresponding application.

To receive tax benefits, you should contact the tax office, where you will receive information about the documents that will need to be collected.

Non-state support for small businesses

If you do not meet any of the criteria for receiving government assistance, you can apply for non-government assistance for small businesses.

Such assistance is provided non-state funds in banking organizations, it is expressed in the form of a grant. At the same time, a non-state grant can be issued both with a return and on a gratuitous basis.

The grant is received on a competitive basis. At the same time, members of the commission will evaluate the economic benefits of the project.

To the standard package of documents for receiving a grant, you will need to attach a document that will describe the product and its cost.