What are asbestos-cement sheets made from and in what area are they used?
The Alfa-Cem online store offers to buy asbestos-cement sheets at an attractive price with delivery throughout Moscow and the regions. In the catalog you will find big choice various sheets that differ in size and thickness.
Asbestos-cement sheets are flat products made from asbestos-cement, they come in 2 types: pressed and non-pressed. During the selection process suitable material You'll likely come across 2 other fairly common names for this material:
- Chrysotile cement sheets are the technical name listed in GOST.
- Flat slate is the name most often used by consumers.
The assortment includes sheets with a thickness from 6 to 40 mm; they are produced in accordance with GOST 18124-95.
What are asbestos cement sheets made from?
The material for the manufacture of asbestos-cement sheets is a mixture of chrysotile asbestos and Portland cement. Finished asbestos-cement products have outstanding performance characteristics. Unpressed and pressed sheets do not differ in appearance, however, they have different densities and strength. Pressed sheets can withstand greater loads than non-pressed sheets.
- significant strength, sheets can easily withstand loads of up to 60-70 kg;
- low thermal conductivity, so the surface does not heat up from sunlight;
- long service life, at least 30-40 years;
- resistance to impact high temperatures, fire, sheets do not burn or melt;
- the sheets are pliable and can be processed with mechanical tools, making them easy to shape right size and shape;
- Unlike sheet metal, are not susceptible to corrosion;
- have excellent electrical insulating properties;
- do not produce noise under mechanical and impact impacts;
- resistant to alkali and other aggressive chemicals.
This material, extremely popular in various fields construction, is also distinguished by its affordable, low price and simple installation procedure.
Scope of application of asbestos cement sheets
Flat asbestos cement sheets have found wide application in the most different areas construction. Most often they are used to make roofs, since operational characteristics these sheets are superior to other roofing materials. In approximately 80% of cases today, asbestos cement sheets are used for roofing.
However, this one is unique construction material also used in cladding buildings in low-rise construction. A simple installation procedure has made asbestos-cement sheets an ideal material for the construction of various types of building structures.
On the website http://cementm500.su/ you can buy chrysotile cement sheets for:
- production of wall panels;
- production of coating slabs;
- construction of sanitary cabins;
- construction of partitions;
- suspended ceiling devices;
- construction of transport galleries;
- construction of fencing for balconies and loggias.
The cost of flat asbestos-cement sheets depends on the selected type, size and thickness of the product. Please note that what large quantity sheets you order, the more favorable the price you can count on. Cooperate with legal and individuals, offer convenient ways payment.
To get professional advice or place an order, contact the managers by phone listed on the website. You can pick up the purchased goods yourself, or using our freight transport.
Asbestos cement is a composite material. It is made from cement, asbestos and water. It has high physical and mechanical properties due to the reinforcement of cement stone with thin asbestos fibers: high mechanical strength when bending, low density, low thermal conductivity, resistance to leaching by mineralized waters, low water resistance and high frost resistance. The disadvantages of asbestos cement are a decrease in strength when saturated with water, fragility and warping when humidity changes, and toxicity. The main raw materials for the production of asbestos-cement products are asbestos grades 3, 4, 5 and 6 (10...20% by weight), and Portland cement grades 300, 400, 500 (80...90%). In the production of colored asbestos-cement products, along with asbestos and cement, dyes are used, as well as colored varnishes, enamels and resins.
Safety and quality of slate
In order to choose high-quality slate that will last long years, you need to know who and where produces this slate, since the quality of this material depends mainly on production conditions.
In addition, the quality of slate is significantly affected by its loading and transportation - they must be carried out in full compliance with the requirements established for this group of goods. Thus, loading and transporting slate should be as careful as possible - it is necessary to avoid hard impacts and other factors that can damage the slate.
There have been debates about the safety of asbestos-cement slate for a long time. So, in some European countries asbestos-cement slate is prohibited for use, since it is recognized as a first-degree carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC - WHO).
However, it is worth noting that this category also includes products such as gasoline, alcoholic drinks, wood dust, salty fish, tobacco, oral contraceptives, and many other substances that a person comes into contact with almost daily.
In addition, under normal conditions, the safety of slate can be increased by ordinary painting, which will prevent the spread of asbestos fibers in the air.
Slate manufacturers
Today, there are more than a dozen enterprises producing slate in Russia. These companies are located in various cities of the country, have different equipment - while some enterprises continue to use old Belarusian-made equipment, other plants have been operating modern European technological lines for a long time. Naturally, in terms of quality, the latter will win.
Domestic slate of a new generation is currently produced by six out of ten plants in Russia - these are Volna Plant LLC, ACI OJSC Krasny Stroitel Plant, Sebryakovsky Asbestos Cement Products Plant OJSC, LATO OJSC, BelACI OJSC. The low price, wide range of colors and competitive consumer qualities make it especially popular, and today such slate can be safely called a high-quality roofing for the economy class.
Most of the imported slate supplies to Russia come from China. Chinese slate is characterized by good quality, but in terms of its consumer characteristics it is often inferior to its domestic counterparts, and higher in price.
Classification of asbestos-cement products
In shape - flat and profiled sheets; profiled ones are divided into wavy, double curvature and curly. By purpose - roofing, walling, cladding, for elements of building structures. According to the manufacturing method - pressed and unpressed. By size - small-sized up to 2000 mm long, and large-sized 2000 mm long or more. By type of finishing of the front surface - gray, unpainted and textured. In low-rise construction, mainly fibrous asbestos-cement sheets are used.
Corrugated asbestos-cement sheets, depending on the main dimensions and scope of application, are divided into corrugated sheets of ordinary VO profile, reinforced roofing sheets VU-K profile, wall VU-S and VU-5, wavy unified profile UV-6 and UV-7.5, medium-wavy SV-40, wavy periodic section.
Corrugated sheets of ordinary VO profile. Sheets are produced with a length of 1200±15 mm, a width of 686 (+10, -5), a thickness of 5.5 (+0.7, -0.2), a height of 28±2, and a wave pitch of 115±2. Sheet weight 9.8 kg. The VO sheet covers 0.6 m2 of roof area.
For ordinary corrugated sheets, ridge parts K-1 and K-2 are produced, which are intended for constructing ridges; tray L-135 - for installing valleys, corner U-90 and U-120 - for installing the transition of the roof slope to smoke and ventilation pipes. When tested, asbestos-cement sheets of ordinary profile must withstand 25 cycles of alternating freezing and thawing without any signs of destruction; must be waterproof, i.e. After 24 hours of testing, no drops of water should appear on the bottom surface of the sheets. Sheets must have a bending strength of at least 16 MPa; the average density of sheets is not less than 1.6 g/cm3. The front surface of the sheets can be painted with mineral natural or artificial pigments, such as red lead, chromium oxide, redoxide, etc. During transportation, the sheets are stacked and secured. When loading and unloading, products must not be dropped from any height.
Asbestos-cement corrugated sheets of reinforced profile VU-K have a length of 2300...2800 mm, a width of 994, a thickness of 8, a wave height of 50. The wave pitch is 167 mm. Sheet weight 36...44 kg.
Asbestos-cement corrugated sheets of a unified profile UV-6 and UV-7.5 of enlarged size have a six-wave profile, sheet width 1125 mm, length 1750...2000 mm or 2500 mm, thickness 6...7.5 mm. The designation UV-7.5-1750 indicates the thickness and length of the sheet, mm. Wave height: overlapped - 45 mm; overlapping - 54 mm. Such sheets are more industrial in production roofing works and more reliable in operation. For example, each UV sheet covers about 1.5 m2 of roof and has 2 times fewer joints compared to VO sheets. The purpose of UV type sheets depends on their characteristics. For attic roofs residential and public buildings and structures, UV-6-1750 sheets are used; for attic roof overhangs and wall railings industrial buildings- UV-6-2000; for roofs of industrial buildings - UV-7.5-1750; for roof elements of industrial buildings and structures - UV-7.5-2000; UV-7.5-2500. Sheets of the HC type are produced in the highest and first grade (Table 10).
Table 10. Physical and mechanical properties of sheets of a unified profile
| Index | Standards for sheets | |||
| premium | first grade | |||
| UV-6 | UV-7.5 | UV-6 | UV-7.5 | |
| Density, g/cm 3, not less | 1,7 | 1,75 | 1,65 | 1,7 |
| 1470 | 2156 | 1470 | 2156 | |
| Bending strength, MPa, not less | 17,6 | 19,6 | 15,7 | 18,6 |
| Impact strength, kJ/m 2, not less | 1,5 | 1,6 | 1,4 | 1,5 |
Sheets and roofing parts (ridge, transition, corner, etc.) are frost-resistant - they can withstand the following number of cycles of alternating freezing and thawing: UV-6 sheets and parts - 25 cycles, UV-7.5 sheets - 50 cycles.
Medium corrugated asbestos cement sheets SV-40 are produced in lengths of 1500...2500 mm, width 1130 mm, thickness 5.8 mm, with a wave pitch of 150 mm and a wave height of 40 mm. The sheets can withstand a concentrated load from the stamp of 1500 N. The tensile strength of the samples in the direction transverse to the wave crests is not less than 16 MPa. The average density of asbestos cement is 1.6 g/cm3. The weight of one sheet is 22...31.7 kg, depending on the size. Useful sheet area of SV-40 grade is 90% larger usable area VO brand sheet, and the consumption of asbestos cement per 1 m2 of usable area is 5...6% lower. SV-40 sheets are used for roofing residential, public and agricultural buildings.
Roof base made of asbestos cement sheets
The basis for installing a roof made of asbestos-cement materials is wooden sheathing, laid along the rafters with a slope of at least 27%. The sheathing is made of bars with a cross-section of 60x60 mm, laid at a distance of 430 mm from each other, i.e. with a pitch of 530 mm.
The bars are laid out and secured to the rafters with nails and screws, moving from the eaves to the ridge. The roof sheathing is made in such a way that a whole number of sheets can be laid on it in both the transverse and longitudinal directions. Sometimes this is impossible, then edged sheets are inserted into the roof. The roof sheathing should not have any deflections or instability when walking on it. Check the linear dimensions of individual bars; the bars cannot be made from defective wood. Clearances are allowed no more than one per 1 m, with a width of no more than 5 mm. Noticed defects must be corrected before work on covering the roof with asbestos-cement sheets begins. To ensure that the sheets fit tightly onto the sheathing, leveling strips 3 mm high are placed under the odd-numbered bars. The accuracy of laying the purlins is checked by measuring the distances between their axes, which should be equal to the length of the standard sheet minus the overlap. The base of the roof for asbestos-cement tiles of the eternit type is a flooring made of boards 25 mm thick and 120 mm wide with a gap of 5 mm between them. Each tile is secured to the deck with two wide-headed galvanized nails. The bases for asbestos-cement roofing are arranged at a significant slope - 30...35% in order to avoid roof leakage. For asbestos-cement sheet roofing, this disadvantage is less pronounced.
Roofing made of asbestos cement sheets
Installation of asbestos-cement roofing. Asbestos-cement sheets are laid diagonally overlapping, from bottom to top, in rows - from left to right or from right to left. Eaves and gutters are covered with pre-prepared strips of roofing steel. In the first row of the eaves overhang, edge sheets are laid and secured with two 2.5x35 mm nails. The second and subsequent four rows begin with laying half sheets, which are reinforced with staples and nails. All subsequent odd-numbered rows begin with laying whole sheets, reinforced with two nails.
Starting from the third row, the lower corners of each sheet are secured with anti-wind buttons. Before covering the ridge and ribs, ridge bars and roofing felt tape are reinforced. The latter is laid so that snow does not blow into the attic. One of the main requirements when laying asbestos-cement sheets is to correctly lay out the mesh on the slopes with a step in the longitudinal direction - along the roof slope - 255 mm, and in the transverse direction - along the overhang - 235 mm. Sheets cannot be nailed tightly. The heads of the nails should only be in contact with the planes of the sheets. Otherwise, the sheets will crack or vibrate in windy weather. Roofing made from asbestos-cement sheets does not require special care; its durability is 25 years or more. To increase service life, it can be painted with light- and weather-resistant oil paints and colored enamels PF-115, PF-133. To obtain a silver-colored roof, add aluminum powder to the varnish XB-784 or GF-166 in an amount of 6...10% by weight of the varnish. The sheets are secured to the sheathing with nails, screws and partially anti-wind clips. The roof sheathing is made in such a way that a whole number of sheets can be laid on it in both longitudinal and transverse directions.
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| Roofing made of corrugated asbestos-cement sheets: a - general form; b - ridge knot; c - longitudinal overlap and fastening of sheets to the sheathing; 1 - sheathing; 2 - nail; 3 - steel washer; 4 - gasket made of roofing felt; 5 - roofing felt tape. | |
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The junction of the slope to the wall in the longitudinal direction: 1 - sheathing block; 2 - sheet VO; 3 - nail; 4 - angle 120; 5, 6 - ridge parts; 7 - solution; 8 - mastic. |
The sheets are laid in parallel rows in the direction from one gable to the other. Laying begins with the cornice row and ends with the ridge row. Finishing dormer windows and pipes is shown in the figure.
To eliminate cracks in the transverse and especially longitudinal overlaps of UV and VU sheets, sealing mastics are used, for example, thiokol sealants AM-0.5; sealing non-hardening construction; sealant UT-31. The mastic is applied with wooden spatulas to the overlapping edges of the sheets in a strip 60...70 wide with a layer thickness of 6...7 mm, after which the overlapping sheet is lightly pressed.
Repair of asbestos-cement roofing
Asbestos-cement roofing sheets have insufficient frost resistance due to the high porosity of the asbestos-cement material during operation. When surface wetted, the sheets warp, losing strength. The service life of such roofs is 10...15 years. The service life of roofs made from asbestos-cement sheets can be significantly increased if the sheets are subjected to hydrophobization before installation, which leads to the formation of a thin hydrophobic layer on the surface of the material, which prevents wetting of the surface and the penetration of water into the pores. Liquid emulsion GKZh-94, as well as aqueous solutions of GKZh-10 and GKZh-11 are used as a water repellent. To improve the quality of the protective water-repellent film, 1% aluminum stearate is added to the water repellent. The application of a water-repellent solution to asbestos-cement sheets laid in the roof should be done in the dry, warm season on a cleaned surface by spraying, brushing or compressed air. The hydrophobized surface does not require further special care. The use of hydrophobization of asbestos-cement sheets makes it possible to reduce their water absorption by 3...5 times with a corresponding increase in their frost resistance. The service life of the hydrophobizing film is 5...7 years, after which repeated hydrophobization is required. If there is no mechanical damage on the roof, asbestos-cement roofing can be painted every 3...4 years oil paint liquid consistency. Sheets with cracks or chips are replaced with new ones. The damaged sheet is removed so that the adjacent one remains in place. The new sheet is laid by two roofers. One lifts the sheets that are weakened on the sides and top, and the other, placing a new sheet on the overlapped edge of the adjacent one, moves it towards the ridge. When the bottom edge of the new sheet coincides with the edge of this row, it is attached to the base. A broken or cracked tray is also replaced by two roofers.
Asbestos-cement sheets are a building material that is used in the process of arranging the roofs of residential and non-residential buildings. Often, asbestos cement is simply called slate. This material is often used in the construction and arrangement of roofs, due to the presence of many advantages in comparison with other materials, which can also be used to create roofs.
Asbestos cement consists of short fiber asbestos and Portland cement, in a ratio of 15% to 85% respectively. This material has the form of rectangular sheets with corrugations in the form of waves; often, there are about six waves on each sheet. Standard size an asbestos cement sheet is 1.2 by 0.7 meters, with a wave height of at least 28 millimeters, a square meter of such a sheet weighs 10-15 kilograms. To arrange the roof, the sheets are laid overlapping, and soft gaskets that have sealing properties must be placed under them. For the base of the roof, you should use a lathing made of bars with a cross-section of 50 by 50 millimeters; such lathing is suitable for standard profile sheets. A lathing with a cross-section of 75 by 75 millimeters is suitable for sheets with a reinforced profile and a pitch of 500-550 and 750-800 millimeters.
Types of asbestos cement sheets
Asbestos cement sheets are divided into several types: corrugated and flat sheets. In this case, flat sheets are divided into unpressed and pressed sheets. Corrugated sheets are used for arranging roofs on residential buildings and public buildings, as well as for outbuildings and wall fencing.
Flat sheets can be used as Wall panels, partitions, as well as slabs when arranging floors and other buildings. In particular, this type of asbestos-cement sheets can be used in the process of finishing works, both from the outside and from inside buildings.
Pressed and unpressed sheets have the same external characteristics. Their main difference lies in different indicators regarding strength and density. Pressed sheets are additionally compacted, which increases their density and improves strength.
Specifications
Let's look at the main technical characteristics various types asbestos cement sheets.
The bending strength indicator: for pressed flat sheets is about 23 MPa, for unpressed flat sheets - 18 MPa, for sheets with seven and eight waves - 16 MPa.
The density of the sheets must be at least the specified value: for unpressed sheets, as well as sheets with seven and eight waves, this indicator is at the level of 1.6 g/cm 3, for pressed flat sheets the indicator is at the level of 1.8 g/cm 3 .
The impact strength indicator for pressed flat sheets is at the level of 2.5 kJ/m², for unpressed flat sheets this figure is slightly lower - 2.0 kJ/m².
The residual strength for all types of asbestos-cement sheets is at least 90%.
Pressed flat sheets of asbestos cement have the highest degree of frost resistance with a number of cycles of at least 50; for other types of asbestos cement sheets this figure is at least 25 cycles.
Sheets are often used gray, but colored sheets can also be used. In order to give the sheets specific color, use pigments.
Advantages and disadvantages of the material
Asbestos cement sheets are especially popular among professionals, primarily due to the following advantages:
- the sheets are distinguished by their hardness, while they are able to withstand the weight of a person;
- such sheets are practically not heated by the sun's rays;
- asbestos cement sheets are durable;
- the sheets are fireproof, they are fireproof, non-flammable;
- such sheets can be easily processed with various tools;
- sheets are not susceptible to corrosion, in comparison with metal roofing;
- are distinguished by the presence of excellent electrical insulating characteristics;
- during rain or hail, the sheets do not conduct noise;
- low cost compared to other materials;
- excellent resistance to alkalis;
- Repairing such sheets is very simple; individual sheets can be replaced.
Asbestos-cement sheets, like other materials, have their disadvantages:
- Over time, moss may appear on the sheets, but at the moment its appearance can be prevented; for this, a primer is used, which can increase the water resistance of the sheet;
- the weight of the sheets, they are somewhat heavier compared to other materials, so in order to lift them onto the roof, it will be necessary to make an effort;
- asbestos cement sheets are fragile, so they must be transported and installed carefully.
Scope of application of asbestos cement sheets
Corrugated and flat asbestos cement sheets are easy to process using various tools, which is why they are considered a great option to create a roof.
Flat sheets are used when arranging the roof of small buildings; for arranging complex roofs, corrugated sheets of asbestos cement are most often used. Each of the varieties has approximately the same properties; the main characteristics of the sheets are high resistance to negative influences environment, as well as fire resistance.
If we talk about the attractiveness of external characteristics, then wave sheets look more attractive, so they can decorate buildings for any purpose. If you want to receive reliable coverage for your roof affordable price To be sure that it will serve you long enough, you should pay attention to asbestos-cement sheets.
We can all see many buildings with perfectly preserved slate roofs. It, unlike other roofing coverings, does not heat up in the sun and is able to withstand intense wind loads and the weight of a person. Slate is not a conductor of electricity, which is also important for roofing. This material is time-tested and is not going to leave the construction market.
What are asbestos cement sheets
Asbestos cement sheet, which is flat plate, is also in demand in many areas. It is made from cement and chrysotile-asbestos fibers by pressing a mixture of these components. Asbestos fibers, evenly distributed throughout the entire mass of the sheet, are a kind of reinforcing mesh that significantly improves all the characteristics of slate.
Such building slabs are easy to install and can last at least 50 years. Flat slate is characterized by high frost resistance and fire resistance. Tests show that even after 50 freezes, slate loses only 10% of its original strength.
Use of asbestos cement sheets
Asbestos cement sheets are used in a variety of building structures– in partitions, balcony railings, finishing of loggias, in ventilation shafts, in fixed formworks, installation of fences. In terms of characteristics such as sound insulation, air tightness, moisture tightness, slate is practically not inferior to modern materials, used in the manufacture of sandwich panels, as well as ventilated facades. Considering that slate has a very low cost, its popularity is understandable.
Flat slate is closest in basic indicators to cement-bonded particle boards, which are also made using cement. However, as a filler in DSP they use sawdust. Modern construction standards encourage consumers to take a more responsible approach to the problem environmental safety. This factor is one of the reasons for the growing popularity of these materials. But it should be understood that asbestos-cement slabs and CBPB may have different characteristics.
The use of asbestos cement sheets in interior decoration
Since in cement bonded particle boards there is no asbestos, this material can be used in finishing interior spaces. But due to the presence of a certain amount of organic inclusions in the CBPB, the scope of application of these boards has to be narrowed. This is due, in particular, to the high absorbency wood materials. As a result of moistening, linear dimensions change CBPB slabs, their strength characteristics decrease.
Asbestos cement slabs practically do not change their geometric shape as a result of exposure to moisture. This material retains all its useful qualities throughout its entire service life. Although DSP is a low-flammable material, it is inferior in this indicator to asbestos-cement sheets.
If necessary, you can paint it yourself flat slate. To do this, the sheet is coated, and after it dries, the first layer of paint is applied. This layer is the main one, so it takes 2/3 of all the prepared paint. Then apply finishing layer, giving the surface a smooth and uniform appearance.m
Slate installation technology involves the use metal frame or lathing for fastening sheets. Holes are drilled for fasteners with countersinking for the caps. To fasten the asbestos cement sheet, you can use self-tapping screws with a countersunk head and a strong point, as well as screws.
The roofing materials market is expanding every year. Various variations of existing and new materials appear on it. But there is one product that has remained unchanged for decades. It's about about slate.
The wavy version of asbestos-cement sheets has become widespread, but flat sheets are also very popular. What are the advantages of such a material? This will be discussed in the article.
Features of the material
Flat asbestos-cement sheets have found application not only as roofing material. The material is used for fencing areas, as well as for wall cladding. The method of application is due to the following advantages:
- low cost;
- long service life;
- resistance to chemical and biological influences;
- sufficient strength;
- fire resistance;
- ease of installation.
A sheet of flat slate with an area of 1.5 square meter and 1 cm thick will cost its owner about 350 rubles. This is a relatively low price. If we analyze the price range for corrugated sheets and metal tiles, then a project made from flat slate will cost half as much.
The service life of flat asbestos-cement sheets is practically unlimited when proper care. It is not susceptible to chemical and biological substances. Bacteria are not able to disrupt its structure, so it has been used for 30 years or more.
Asbestos-cement sheets do not ignite from open fire and do not smolder, so this material can be considered fireproof. The only problem is that open fire can cause the sheets to burst. But this does not prevent them from being used as an insulator for heating devices or chimneys. A high-quality asbestos cement sheet, which is 1 cm thick, can easily support one person.
It means that renovation work on the roof will not lead to damage. To install the sheets in the intended place, ordinary tools that are found in every home are enough. In the illustration above you can estimate the dimensions of asbestos cement sheets. The lineup quite wide, which makes it universal material. In addition, it is possible to choose a thickness of up to 30 mm.
Note! When laying slate on a surface, it is better to make calculations in such a way that there is no need to trim.
It is during pruning that most leaf damage occurs. It is better to purchase several smaller elements. A significant disadvantage of such slate is the possibility of damage. This happens during installation. It is almost impossible to carry out installation alone, since the weight of one element can reach 30 kg. Raising such an element on your own is quite problematic, and for the roof you will need more than one of them.
Another significant disadvantage is the health hazards of asbestos. Asbestos dust can not only cause an allergic reaction, but also, according to some scientists, the development of cancer. Dust itself does not appear, but is formed only during the processing of products. It is quite easy to protect yourself from it by wearing a respirator on your face.
Types of material
The share of asbestos in the finished roofing material is only 18%. Its role is to increase strength and resistance to mechanical stress. In addition to the division into flat and wave slate, there are two more groups of flat elements:
- without pressing;
- pressed.
Slate without pressing is inferior in service life to the second option. The difference lies in the manufacturing process. Unpressed slate can only survive 25 freeze-thaw cycles. Its strength is lower than that of pressed material. This is explained by the stability, which is equal to 18 mPa. The density of this type of slate has a coefficient of 1.6 g/cm 3 . Strength to mechanical stress is at the level of 2 kJ/m 2.
The second type of slate has become more widespread than the first in private construction. It is obtained by applying high pressure from a press. Specifications in some respects they are superior to the previous version. For example, the density is increased to 1.8 g/cm 3 , and the impact strength is also higher, which is at the level of 2.5 2 kJ/m 2 . The service life is increased due to less porosity, which increases the number of freezing and thawing cycles to 50. Once this limit is reached, the strength is reduced by 60%.
Areas of use
Using slate as roofing material you won't surprise anyone. This also applies to cases where asbestos-cement sheets are used for fences. But in the countryside, the scope of application of slate is wider. For example, sheets are perfect for building various kinds of flower beds.
Thanks to the slate, a container is created into which the soil is poured. The increased surface level prevents freezing and also allows you to properly organize the space inside the greenhouse. In some cases, the landing site various plants make it terraced. In this case, asbestos-cement slate acts as holding supports for the soil.
Slate is also indispensable in construction activities. If there are scraps left after laying the material on the roof, they can be used as formwork for pouring a small foundation or border. Flat slate also comes into play. For example, it is an excellent filler for the construction of rubble-filled foundations.
Sheets with high density and thickness are used for arranging garden paths. In this case, a bedding is made for compaction in the form of a gravel and sand cushion, on which cut slate is laid. A video about decorating a house with sheets of flat slate is below.
Roofing
The standard solution for roofing is pressed asbestos-cement sheets with a thickness of 8 mm or 1 cm. The strength of these elements is sufficient for installation on the roof. It is possible to use slate with a greater thickness, but this is not justified from the point of view of the costs that go towards the purchase of slate, as well as on reinforcing the sheathing, since it must withstand heavy loads.
For construction rafter system boards with a section of 10 by 15 cm are used. Their strength is sufficient for the total weight of the roof made of asbestos-cement sheets. Maximum distance between rafter legs should not exceed one meter. The lathing must also have good strength, so bars with a cross-section of 5 cm are used.
Advice! Before installing the sheathing and rafter system, it is necessary to treat all elements with an antiseptic and fire retardants that prevent burning.
Before the laying of flat slate sheets begins, the roof is waterproofed. To do this, a vapor barrier is fixed to the rafters with a stapler. It needs to be positioned right side so that moisture does not accumulate under it. A sheathing is mounted on top of the vapor barrier, to which flat slate is nailed. Asbestos-cement elements are arranged in a checkerboard pattern. This is done in order to cover the seams of the previous row. This is the only way to achieve good insulation. Each subsequent row is laid overlapping the first.
Fixation to the sheathing slats is not done with nails, as with the classic wave slate, and with the help roofing screws. They are galvanized fasteners and are also made from of stainless steel. A rubber washer is placed between the fastener head and the slate sheet to seal the hole. Before screwing the self-tapping screw into the sheet, a hole is drilled, which should not be closer than seven centimeters near the edge.
After laying the asbestos-cement slate flooring, additional waterproofing is performed, which also extends the service life of the elements. Finishing consists of painting the surface with special paint. To prevent the composition from peeling off, the surface is coated with a primer.
