Chinese rose indoor flower care. Chinese rose - care at home. Chinese rose blossom

Like any plant, the Chinese rose needs fertilizer. Feed the flower a couple of times a month. This is especially important during the period of bud formation and flowering.

To make the flower grow more luxuriantly, you need to prune it in the spring. Be sure to remove dried and bare branches. And cut healthy ones by half. Trimmed healthy cuttings can be used for propagation.

Chinese roses (or hibiscus) - bright flowers. They will decorate any garden, room or office. Caring for Chinese roses is simple, and even novice gardeners or those who have little free time can handle it. However, you still need to follow certain rules.

Features of this plant

The Chinese rose flower is characterized by large petals, brightness, long stamens and sometimes even colored leaves. The color is usually red. There are also others (white, purple, etc.). According to their structure, flowers are divided into double, semi-double and simple non-double. The leaves are predominantly green, but they may have spots and streaks (red or white).

The Chinese rose grows in Southeast Asia. The persistence and unpretentiousness of the plant allow it to be planted even in summer cottages in our country. From a non-double variety you can get a whole tree. It will not be difficult to grow hibiscus in the house: dwarf varieties have been specially bred for this.

The most popular flowering species:

• "Florida" (red-orange single flowers);
• "Hamburg" (red terry);
• "San Remo" (white non-double);
• "Rose" (pink semi-double) and some others.

Growing Chinese roses at home does not take much time and effort. The main thing is to provide it with enough light and regular watering. Then flower plantings will delight you for a long time. It is even more pleasant when they are grown by their own labor.

Planting rules

The first question facing the future owner of hibiscus is: how to plant it. To do this, you need to purchase cuttings or seeds. You will need expanded clay, river sand and several types of soil - turf, leaf and humus. For growing at home, it is better to use cuttings. They can be cut from Chinese roses from friends or bought at a flower shop.

• put expanded clay on the bottom of the container, on top of it - river sand and sheet soil (equal parts);
• pour this mixture over;
• plant the cuttings, bury them 1-1.5 cm;
• cover with a glass jar and wait for it to take root.

Another option is to use water with activated carbon.

After the roots appear, you should plant the Chinese rose in a pot:

• cover the bottom with expanded clay;
• mix turf, leaf and humus soil with river sand (in a ratio of 4:3:3:1);
• plant a sprouted cutting;
• water well (watering is one of the main factors for successful growth).

If you decide to grow a flower from seeds, you should also prepare them before planting:

• soak in a small amount of water overnight;
• then place on damp gauze and place in a plastic bag with holes for air.

In such a container there will be a greenhouse effect - warm and humid. It is under these conditions that the seeds will grow. When the sprouts appear, they will need to be sprayed with warm water and ventilated.

The next stage after the leaves appear is planting the plants in small pots with humus and turf. At proper care for a Chinese rose at home it will bloom:

• for 3-4 years when grown from seeds;
• next year when grown from cuttings.

In order for a rose to grow and bloom successfully, it should be placed in a sufficiently lit place, but not in direct sunlight. Rooms with windows facing east or west, in front of which there is no tall trees or houses. In summer, it is better to take this plant out onto the balcony, but under a canopy so that the sun does not burn its leaves. Burns significantly reduce hibiscus resistance to disease. Therefore, it must be kept in the fresh air, but under protection.

Proper maintenance of the house

It is equally important to know how to care for Chinese roses. It requires pruning, watering, spraying, pinching, and fertilizing. A houseplant under 5 years old also needs to be replanted every spring.

This plant should be watered every 3 days in the summer and a little less often in winter. The main thing is not to let the soil in the pot dry out. The water must be settled and ensured that it is room temperature. At the same time, it is important not to overwater the hibiscus so that its roots do not rot. Also, to avoid this, there must be good drainage at the bottom of the pot. In hot summers and dry conditions from heating in winter, the plant should be sprayed. You will have to irrigate every leaf. It is important to ensure that water does not get on the flowers - this will cause stains on them. It is also worth placing containers with distilled water or pieces of ice next to the rose in a pot - this humidifies the air.

For feeding you need to use mineral fertilizers, which contain more phosphorus and potassium than nitrogen. The latter should be reduced to a minimum by the end of summer. Fertilizing should be done every 10 or 15 days in the morning or evening, fertilizers should be dissolved in warm water, strictly observing the dosage. In winter, fertilize should be done once every 1.5-2 months. To help hibiscus bloom better, you need to feed it with natural substances - for example, a sugar solution.

• To obtain the first fertilizer, you need to dissolve half a teaspoon of sugar (per glass) in water.
• You can also feed the Chinese rose with water with pebbles and activated carbon: boil the pebbles with boiling water to disinfect, put in a tray, pour water, place under the pot and leave for 2-3 hours until the plant absorbs it. This complements watering well.

So that these indoor flowers have not turned into sloppily overgrown bushes, they need to be shaped: cut off the top, leave a stump 7-8 cm high.

• In general, pruning according to the rules is carried out in the spring after replanting, as well as in the fall (by a third) or at the end of winter (by half).
• You should always cut off shoots growing parallel to the main trunk and branches growing inside the crown.

The transplant itself is quite simple. The same mixture is prepared as for the first planting. A hibiscus with an earthen lump is placed in it. Another option is to mix turf, sand and peat or humus (2:1:1). After 5 years, when this indoor beauty has grown, it will be possible not to replant, but simply change the top layer of soil.

Hibiscus also needs to be bathed both in summer and winter. To do this you need to wrap the flowers and buds plastic film and hold for 10-15 minutes under a weak stream of cool (not cold) water. Then you need to leave it in the bathroom until it dries.

The Chinese rose is considered one of the most undemanding plants, but caring for it at home requires punctuality and attention.

Possible problems

When wondering how to properly care for any planted plants, you need to remember the need to monitor their condition and immediately take action if something is wrong.

Disturbances in hibiscus flowering:

• bud drop due to lack of nutrients, cold or dry soil;
• lack of flowering - the reasons are usually an excess of nitrogen in the soil or insufficient lighting;
• brown edges of leaves - burn from the use of nitrogenous fertilizers;
• yellowing and falling leaves due to excessive watering (roots rot), excess chlorine and calcium in water for irrigation and lack of nitrogen and iron in the soil;
• light spots on the leaves are burns that appear if the plant is kept in direct sunlight;
• pest infestation.

From the latest greatest harm caused by spider mites and greenhouse whiteflies. Mites cause leaves to become covered yellow spots, cobwebs appear on them. The whitefly carries various infections, and in addition, a sooty fungus develops on its feces (looks like a black coating), due to which the hibiscus dries out and may completely die.

Why the leaves turn yellow is a question that is asked by almost every owner of a houseplant, including the Chinese rose. And if such a problem occurs, you need to check:

• Is the flower watered enough: the soil in the pot should not be dry or too wet, like a swamp;
• Is the water for irrigation settled? Usually it comes from the tap too hard, its use leads to chlorosis of the soil;
• whether it is standing directly in the sun and at the same time whether there is enough light in the room;
• what is the room temperature: hibiscus – tropical plant, therefore, he is uncomfortable if the temperature around him is below +18˚C, but it should not be above +30˚C either;
• whether dirty spots, cobwebs, or small mites have appeared on the leaves;
• whether too much nitrogen or high-phosphate fertilizers have been applied.

Accordingly, if any irregularities in care are revealed, it is necessary to immediately begin to eliminate them: normalize watering, move the hibiscus to a lighted place under a canopy (but do not leave it in a draft), start spraying, bathing, adding to the soil necessary fertilizers, reduce the amount of nitrogen.

If the yellowing is caused by pests, you need to treat the flower with insecticides or soapy water. To make it bloom better, you can add a little phosphate fertilizer to the water for irrigation, but keep it in moderation. If the hibiscus turns yellow with proper care, an early transplant is needed: most likely, the soil is not suitable for it at all.

The problem of how to grow a Chinese rose is quite amenable to solution: it is necessary to observe light and temperature regime, water in time with settled water, apply the necessary fertilizers, prune, replant and monitor for pests.

One of the most common tree species in the world indoor plants- This is a hibiscus or Chinese rose. Caring for a Chinese rose at home is relatively simple, and it is sometimes said that all you need to do is water it. This is not entirely true, because it still imposes some requirements on light, fertilizing, crown formation and wintering to its owners, but in general, it is incredibly tenacious.

The plant can tolerate prolonged shading, being in the back of the room, and lack of feeding for many years, although in such extreme conditions it is not always possible to wait for it to bloom. But it has flowers that resemble red or white rose, extraordinarily beautiful. Hibiscus is often used to decorate offices, public places, corridors in various institutions and organizations.

The Chinese rose, despite its name, is not related to the rose family and belongs to the malvaceae family. Hibiscus grows wild in the subtropics of Africa, Asia, North America. Some species are even found in the forests of Transcaucasia, Crimea and the Far East.

How to tame this wonderful creation of nature? How to please a Chinese rose and make it bloom? What difficulties may a florist encounter when home growing? We will cover all this and much more in this review.

Temperature features, lighting, humidity

Caring for hibiscus consists of timely moderate watering, fertilizing and crown formation. Any gardener can cope with this.

1. Indoor Chinese rose prefers a temperature of 20-22 degrees in the warm season and 13-16 degrees in winter. If in the summer it is not difficult to satisfy these requests of a green pet, then with wintering things may be different. The salvation of indoor gardeners is an insulated balcony. A pot of roses is brought there at the beginning of December and kept at least until mid-January, and preferably until the end of February.
2. If a cool winter is not possible, the hibiscus should be placed on a bright windowsill, but away from heating radiators. It is highly recommended to spray it every day, as evaporating moisture cools the surface of the leaves.
3. Apart from extreme growing conditions, hibiscus should be provided with good lighting at any time of the year. It is also not afraid of direct sunlight, so it can be placed near any window sills, unless, if possible, avoiding northern windows. If at the height of a hot summer afternoon there is slight wilting of the leaves, then the tree can be shaded with mesh material.
4. Loves Chinese rose high humidity, although in offices I have to put up with dry air. It reacts positively to spraying, but even better is to sow moss on the surface of the soil, which is sold in gardening stores. An alternative is numerous containers of water around the plant. In general, the higher the temperature environment, especially humid air requires hibiscus.

Soil requirements

The Chinese rose is unpretentious, including to soils. If possible, it is better to use soil consisting of turf, leaf and humus soil, taken in equal proportions. The soil should always remain light, so you can add a small amount of coarse sand or vermiculite. On hot days, when a crust forms on the surface of the substrate after watering, loosening is required.

Watering and fertilizing

Hibiscus is able to survive a short period of drying out without serious losses. But it’s better not to let it get to this point, but to water it moderately, making sure that the water easily passes through the substrate, completely wets the earthen lump and barely passes through drainage hole.

To get the long-awaited flowers, the Chinese rose can be fed with complex fertilizers every 2-3 months. mineral fertilizers, among which those that contain more phosphorus and relatively little nitrogen are preferred. When overfeeding, only shoots will grow last.

Pruning and shaping the bush

Hibiscus can and should be shaped by pruning. Rose pruning is done at the end winter period and within a year after the completion of the flowering waves. In February, all shoots, including young ones, are shortened by 3-5 cm. During the growth period, every branch that successfully bears a flower is pruned. Soon it begins to branch, which will have a beneficial effect on flowering next year.

Fatty shoots growing vertically along the trunk - tops - are completely cut off. Branches growing inside the crown are also removed.

Thus, the formation of a bush comes down to only shortening the shoots, but this must be done in a timely manner.

Transplanting a plant

Plants purchased in stores always need replanting and some simple resuscitation measures. The point is that in industrial scale indoor crops grown on fertilizers and hormones. When their supply runs out, plants often die. Therefore, a purchased tree, especially one grown in Holland, is removed from the pot, shaken off the soil (without fanaticism) and replanted in light, breathable soil. After which the hibiscus is watered and covered plastic bag or a mini-greenhouse.

In this form, it lasts from 1 to 3 weeks depending on its condition: with satisfactory appearance You can begin to remove the cover step by step and vice versa.

To get rid of polyethylene, several holes are made in it. In the following days they expand. After 3-4 days, the film can be removed completely.

Hibiscus (Chinese rose) grows quite quickly. Keeping its root system in a cramped pot can slow down this process.

You should not replant this tree until the roots tightly entwine the entire earthen ball and begin to show through the drainage hole. To a lesser extent, this applies to very young plants that can be replanted annually.

Chinese rose blossom

This wonderful tree blooms for the first time of the year in March-April. The first buds begin to grow soon after the beginning of the growing season. In the absence of proper attention to the plant, hibiscus produces single flowers throughout the year, and if good care its flowering is abundant and long-lasting. An additional factor that increases the chances of flower formation is the application of phosphorus fertilizers in the fall shortly before the Chinese rose goes into hibernation.

Reproduction

The easiest way to propagate hibiscus is by cuttings, which take root well even just in water. For this purpose, a shoot 8-15 cm long is cut off. The lower and largest leaves are removed from it. The cutting is placed either in water or in moist coarse sand or light sandy soil. The container is covered with a mini-greenhouse or polyethylene.

The roots appear in 25-30 days. After another 1-2 weeks, the young rose can be transplanted to permanent place residence in a pot.

Pests and diseases of hibiscus - how to treat?

In practice, hibiscus is infected by two harmful insects: scale insects and spider mites. Scale insects can be easily destroyed with the drug "Aktara". To do this, treat the leaves, stems and trunks with the solution, after which the solution, diluted in accordance with the instructions, is poured into the soil. The roots absorb substances that are poisonous to the scale insect, after which it dies.

Spider mites are a more insidious enemy. Usually it is noticed only when the plant has already suffered sufficiently from its activity. The most common are red mites, which appear as small red dots covering the surface of leaves.

First, you can try to get rid of it with the help of Fitoverm.

If after three treatments at intervals of a week the mite still remains, then you will have to resort to more toxic drugs:

• "Sunmaitu";
• "Omaytu";
• "Oberon"
• "Neoron."

Their fumes cannot be breathed for a long time, therefore, after treating roses, leave them in indoors, where no one will need to enter for 10-12 hours.

Why does the Chinese rose turn yellow, fall off, dry out, wither, and not bloom?

Sometimes hibiscus still gets capricious. Some flower growers pay too much attention to it and “overlove” it, while others, on the contrary, do not care for it at all. What are the most common problems encountered when growing Chinese roses?

• If the buds form successfully, but soon turn yellow and fall off, the reason may be insufficient watering, lack of nutrients in the soil, or low air temperature.
• When they fall lower leaves, and new ones turn yellow, barely having time to appear, you can suspect an excess of calcium or chlorine in the soil or a lack of iron and nitrogen.
• Hibiscus that are actively growing green mass, but stubbornly refuse to form buds, are probably overfed with nitrogen.
• If the plant looks drooping and the roots appear dry, even despite sufficient watering, you should check to see if the pot is in an area with cold drafts. Such symptoms are typical when the root system is overcooled.
• In winter, if the winter is warm, the leaves may dry out and fall off. The issue can be resolved either by moving the hibiscus to a cool place or by increasing its spraying. It is also worth making sure that heating batteries are located at a sufficient distance from the tree.

Why does the Chinese rose not bloom even with seemingly careful care? Most often, hibiscus does not produce buds due to improper maintenance in the cold season.

• The fact is that flower buds on a tree are laid just in winter, and for their successful formation they need coolness around 13-15 degrees. A small amount of flower buds, of course, can appear during a warm winter, but in this case only single flowers can be expected.
• Other reasons for the lack of buds in Chinese roses: lack of nutrients in the soil, excess nitrogen, poor aeration of the earthen coma, poor lighting or, conversely, excess direct sunlight.

As you can see, caring for hibiscus is not at all difficult, and the results of the work can attract the attention of even the most callous person who is far from the topic of plant growing. The Chinese rose pleases millions of gardeners around the world. Join the connoisseurs of this beautiful indoor plant!

The Chinese rose belongs to the Hibiscus genus, which is why it is called that in everyday life. The plant is unpretentious in care evergreen shrub, which reaches a height of 3 m. Its homeland is southern China, but the flower grows successfully in other regions with tropical and subtropical climates. Used in landscape design as ornamental plant. Today, many new varieties have been developed with interesting shapes and shades of colors - pink-porcelain, Ivory, lilac, rich crimson.

Description

Hibiscus is essentially a tree, although some species are shrubs. Belongs to the Malvaceae family (in total it includes about 300 species). There are hibiscus of different origins- some of them were brought from the New World (the so-called “Floridians”). In Russian climatic conditions in open ground only two can grow beautifully flowering species- Syrian and trifoliate hibiscus, and the Chinese rose is grown at home or in a greenhouse. Many people confuse it with another plant - garden hibiscus. But the latter is a hybrid that was developed in the 1950s and can actually be grown in the garden, while the China rose in temperate latitudes can always be grown indoor variety.

Chinese hibiscus looks quite impressive due to its dark green leaves, smooth and shiny, and large flowers, which reach 16 cm in diameter. Despite the name, the plant has nothing to do with real roses. Its flower has an interesting shape, more reminiscent of mallow. Under natural conditions, it blooms in March, the plant blooms until October.

Nevertheless, Chinese hibiscus is quite picky about temperatures - in summer it feels comfortable only if it is more than +25 degrees outside, and in winter - at +12 °C.

Reproduction

Growing and propagating hibiscus at home is possible in several ways:

1. 1. Seeds. This is not the most common method, but it is productive, since the seeds produce many shoots. It is recommended to plant them at the end of February. Before planting, the seeds must be disinfected with a weak solution of potassium permanganate and then washed with water. Afterwards you need to put them in a container with a growth stimulator for a day. The material is then kept in damp gauze and unfolded once a day to give access to fresh air. When the sprouts appear, they need to be planted in a mixture of soil, ash, sand and peat. In the future, you can plant the seedlings in separate containers or plant them on the site (the strongest specimens).
2. 2. Cuttings. This is the most popular way to help propagate a plant at home. Cuttings are selected and pruned in the spring, then treated with a growth stimulator and placed in a container with water. When the roots appear, you can plant them in a container in which a mixture of soil, peat and humus has been previously prepared. Rooting occurs within a month. When young shoots grow, they are pinched to give the bush a beautiful shape.
3. 3. By dividing the bush or layering. This is a rather complicated method. It is rarely used at home, but theoretically the procedure can be carried out when growing hibiscus in the garden, carefully separating the shoots from the main bush with a sharp tool.

Features of cultivation

To keep a Chinese rose at home, you need a pot that is large enough, but not too spacious. If there is too much space in the container, the grower will end up with a ton of leaves but few flowers. When grown in a pot, Chinese hibiscus is recommended to be replanted annually, choosing a new container a couple of centimeters wider than the previous one.

Chinese rose prefers slightly acidic soils with a pH of 6.8. The composition of the soil must include turf soil (4 parts), deciduous soil (2 parts), humus (1 part), sand (1 part).

At the bottom of the pot you need to lay out a drainage layer, for which clay shards, broken bricks or stones are suitable. This is necessary in order to prevent stagnation of water at the root system and avoid rotting.

If it is not possible to replant the hibiscus, you need to carefully trim its roots by a third, and then change the soil in the pot to a new one every 3 years.

Transplanting a Chinese rose does not cause any particular difficulties. The only caveat is that you need to do preliminary pruning, remove shoots without leaves and dried branches, and shorten the rest by half.

Care

It is necessary to carefully care for hibiscus mainly on initial stages. For a young plant, the formation of beautiful bush. This is done by pruning. You need to remove weak shoots, leaving no more than a couple of centimeters from the buds. If a small hibiscus is grown for decorative purposes, pruning and shaping the bush will require a lot of effort, since you will have to trim almost the entire crown. Otherwise, the plant will direct all its energy to the growth of shoots, and not to flowering.

It is advisable to carry out pruning in the cold season - at the very end of winter or early March, before the hibiscus begins to grow. Spring pruning also has sanitary significance. Some gardeners prefer to do this in the fall, when the plant has finished blooming. You need to trim exactly those branches on which flowers bloomed this year.

When conducting spring pruning we must remember that flowers Chinese hibiscus They usually bloom on the tops of shoots that are at least three months old.

When a plant blooms, it needs more natural light. You need to find a place where the flower is not exposed to direct rays of the sun, otherwise the leaves of the bush will dry out. During the flowering period, it is recommended to feed hibiscus. It is not necessary to use fertilizers - you can take 1 tsp. sugar, dilute it with warm water (200-250 ml) and apply under the root.

In hot weather the plant needs additional moisture. Watering should be regular, but not too abundant. This means that you can water the Chinese rose only after the soil under the plant has completely dried. If the drought lasts long enough, the hibiscus will need to be watered daily.

In winter, the plant enters a dormant period. At home, it can be kept on an unheated, but insulated outside and glassed balcony- these are quite comfortable conditions for a flower. In the southern regions, some varieties remain overwintered in the ground, and they must be covered with special agrotextiles for the cold season. If there is no such fiber, you can use spruce branches.

Possible problems and pests

Hibiscus is very resistant to both insects and diseases. But if the summer is hot and dry, it may be attacked by aphids, spider mites and thrips. To get rid of pests, the owner of the site will have to subject the plant to double treatment with insecticides. For this purpose, drugs such as Fitoverm, Karbofos, Actellik are used, and the interval between their uses should be 7-10 days.

Hibiscus grown in the garden is susceptible to a disease called chlorosis. The lower leaves of the plant fall off, and those that grow in this place have a yellowish tint almost from the very beginning. The cause of the disease is that the soil in the garden contains too little iron and nitrogen, so they are added to the soil additionally by adding iron chelate to the water left for irrigation (in the dosage established by the manufacturer).

Gardeners who grow hibiscus may most often encounter the following problems:

1. 1. Leaves turn yellow. This happens not only with chlorosis, but also in cases where the root system of the plant is injured (most often during transplantation). If the cause is mechanical damage, then drugs like Zircon or Kornevin are added to the water for irrigation - strictly observing the amount specified in the instructions. This composition can also be used with water to spray leaves, but no more than 2-3 drops of product per 0.5 liter of liquid. Sometimes hibiscus leaves turn yellow from the heat - in this case, you need to adjust the watering regime.
2. 2. The plant does not bloom. This problem is most often associated with a lack of boron and phosphorus. This conclusion can be reached only if all the rules of agricultural technology are followed, the Chinese rose grows in a spacious, bright area, but there are still no flowers. If the shoots have slowed down, it means that there is not enough nitrogen in the soil. Timely application of fertilizing will ensure lush and long-lasting flowering.
3. 3. Leaves are falling. It should be noted that this happens quite often in the fall and is considered a natural phenomenon. If the leaves fall in the summer, spring or autumn, this is a signal that the plant is suffering due to excessive watering or, conversely, from a lack of water. The problem may also be that the root of the plant is injured during transplantation. The most simple option Correcting the problem will involve adjusting the watering.