You don't have to spend money on a desktop drilling machine, because it’s not so difficult to do it yourself.
To do this, you will need to purchase, manufacture or use used parts. We will tell you about creating several designs, and you can choose your model for assembly.
Almost every owner who is building or renovating his house or apartment, repairing household and garden equipment, various crafts made of metal and wood. But for some operations, a drill is not enough: you need special precision, you want to drill a hole at a right angle in a thick board, or you just want to make your work easier. To do this, you will need a machine that can be made on the basis of various drives, machine parts or household appliances, other available material.
The type of drive is a fundamental difference in the designs of homemade drilling machines. Some of them are made using a drill, mostly electric, others using motors, most often from unnecessary household appliances.
Tabletop drilling machine made from drill
The most common design can be considered a machine made from a hand or electric drill, which can be made removable, so that it can be used outside the machine, or stationary. In the latter case, the switching device can be moved to the frame for greater convenience.
Main elements of the machine
The main elements of the machine are:
- drill;
- base;
- rack;
- drill mount;
- feed mechanism.
The base or frame can be made from a solid cut of hard wood, furniture board or chipboard. Some people prefer a metal plate, channel or tee as a base. The bed must be massive to ensure structural stability and compensate for vibrations during drilling to produce neat and accurate holes. The size of the frame made of wood is at least 600x600x30 mm, of sheet steel - 500x500x15 mm. For greater stability, the base can be made with eyes or holes for bolts and attached to the workbench.
The stand can be made of timber, round or square steel pipe. Some craftsmen use the frame of an old photographic enlarger, a substandard school microscope, and other parts that have a suitable configuration, strength and weight as a base and stand.
The drill is secured using clamps or brackets with a hole in the center. The bracket is more reliable and provides greater accuracy when drilling.
Design features of the drill feed mechanism
The feed mechanism is needed to move the drill vertically along the stand and can be:
- spring;
- articulated;
- design by type screw jack.
Depending on the type of mechanism adopted, the type and structure of the rack will also differ.
The drawings and photos show the basic designs of tabletop drilling machines, which can be made from electrical and hand drill.
With a spring mechanism: 1 - stand; 2 - metal or wood profile; 3 - slider; 4 - hand drill; 5 - drill fastening clamp; 6 - screws for fastening the clamp; 7 - spring; 8 - square for securing the stand 2 pcs.; 9 - screws; 10 - stop for the spring; 11 - wing bolt for fastening the stop; 12 - machine base
With spring-lever mechanism
With a spring-hinged mechanism: 1 - bed; 2 - washer; 3 - M16 nut; 4 - shock-absorbing struts 4 pcs.; 5 - plate; 6 - bolt M6x16; 7 - power supply; 8 - thrust; 9 - spring; 10 - M8x20 bolt with nut and washers; 11 - drill chuck; 12 - shaft; 13 - cover; 14 - handle; 15 - bolt M8x20; 16 - holder; 17 - stand; 18 - cup with bearing; 19 - engine
With hinged springless mechanism
A stand operating on the principle of a screw jack: 1 - frame; 2 - guide groove; 3 - M16 thread; 4 - bushing; 5 - nut welded to the bushing; 6 - drill; 7 - handle, when rotated, the drill moves up or down
Drilling and milling machine: 1 - base of the machine; 2 - supports for the table lifting plate 2 pcs.; 3 - lifting plate; 4 - handle for lifting the table; 5 - movable drill holder; 6 - additional rack; 7 - screw for fixing the drill holder; 8 - drill fastening clamp; 9 - main stand; 10 - lead screw; 11 - drum with Vernier scale
Machine made from a car jack and drill
The carriage is made of furniture guides
Mini-machine from a decommissioned microscope
Base and stand made from an old photographic enlarger
Machine made from a hand drill: 1 - bed; 2 - steel clamps; 3 - grooves for attaching a drill; 4 - drill fastening nut; 5 - drill; 6 - slider; 7 - guide tubes
Video 1. Step by step guide for an inexpensive machine. The bed and stand are wooden, the basis of the mechanism is a furniture guide
Video 2. Drilling machine - jack from Zhiguli and drill
Video 3. Spring-lever stand for drill
Video 4. Step by step creation steel rack for drill
Machine based on the steering rack of a passenger car
A steering rack for a car and a drill are quite massive products, so the frame should also be massive and, preferably, with the ability to attach the machine to a workbench. All elements are welded, since connections with bolts and screws may not be sufficient.
Stanin and support post welded from channels or other suitable rolled products, about 5 mm thick. The steering rack is secured to a stand, which should be 70–80 mm longer than the rack, through the eyes of the steering column.
To make the machine more convenient to use, the drill control is placed in a separate block.
Video 5. Drilling machine based on a steering rack from Moskvich
Assembly procedure for tabletop drilling machines:
- preparation of all elements;
- attaching the stand to the frame (check verticality!);
- assembly of the movement mechanism;
- fastening the mechanism to the rack;
- fastening the drill (check verticality!).
All fastenings must be made as securely as possible. It is advisable to join one-piece steel structures by welding. When using any kind of guides, you need to make sure that there is no lateral play during movement.
Advice! To fix the part in which the hole is drilled, the machine can be equipped with a vice.
You can also find ready-made stands for drills on sale. When purchasing, you need to pay attention to the weight of the structure and the size of the working surface. Lightweight (up to 3 kg) and inexpensive (up to 1.5 thousand rubles) racks are suitable for making holes in a thin plywood sheet.
Drilling machine using asynchronous motor
If there is no drill on the farm or it is not advisable to use it in the machine, you can make a design based on asynchronous motor, for example, from the old washing machine. The design and manufacturing process of such a machine are quite complex, so it is best to make it by a craftsman with sufficient experience in turning and milling work, and assembling electrical circuits.
The device of a drilling machine with a motor from household appliances
To familiarize yourself with the design, we provide assembly drawings and detailing, as well as the characteristics of assembly units in the specifications.
Parts and materials for manufacturing the machine are shown in the table:
Table 1
| Pos. | Detail | Characteristic | Description |
| 1 | bed | Textolite plate, 300x175 mm, δ 16 mm | |
| 2 | Heel | Steel circle, Ø 80 mm | Can be welded |
| 3 | Main stand | Steel circle, Ø 28 mm, L = 430 mm | One end is turned to a length of 20 mm and has an M12 thread cut into it |
| 4 | Spring | L = 100–120 mm | |
| 5 | Sleeve | Steel circle, Ø 45 mm | |
| 6 | Locking screw | M6 with plastic head | |
| 7 | Lead screw | Tr16x2, L = 200 mm | From the clamp |
| 8 | Matrix nut | Tr16x2 | |
| 9 | Steel sheet, δ 5 mm | ||
| 10 | Lead screw bracket | Duralumin sheet, δ 10 mm | |
| 11 | Special nut | M12 | |
| 12 | Lead screw flywheel | Plastic | |
| 13 | Washers | ||
| 14 | Four-strand drive drive pulley block V-belt transmission | Duralumin circle, Ø 69 mm | Changing the spindle speed is done by moving the drive belt from one stream to another |
| 15 | Electric motor | ||
| 16 | Capacitor block | ||
| 17 | Duralumin circle, Ø 98 mm | ||
| 18 | M5 screw with plastic mushroom | ||
| 19 | Return spring spindle | L = 86, 8 turns, Ø25, from wire Ø1.2 | |
| 20 | Duralumin circle, Ø 76 mm | ||
| 21 | Spindle head | see below | |
| 22 | Duralumin sheet, δ 10 mm | ||
| 23 | Drive belt | Profile 0 | The drive V-belt has a “zero” profile, so the grooves of the pulley block also have the same profile |
| 24 | Switch | ||
| 25 | Network cable with fork | ||
| 26 | Tool feed lever | Steel sheet, δ 4 mm | |
| 27 | Removable lever handle | Steel pipe, Ø 12 mm | |
| 28 | Cartridge | Tool chuck no. 2 | |
| 29 | Screw | M6 with washer |
The spindle head provides both translational and rotational motion. It is mounted on its own base - a duralumin console.
Parts and materials for manufacturing the spindle head are shown in the table:
table 2
Drilling machine assembled
The electrical circuit depends on the type of engine.
Simple electrical diagram for factory machine 2M112
Homemade machines for drilling printed circuit boards
Mini-machines for drilling circuit boards by radio amateurs also borrow the drive from various low-power devices. In this case, cutters for cutting photographs are used as levers, soldering irons, and collet pencils instead of a chuck. The drilling site is illuminated with LED flashlights - there are plenty of opportunities for technical creativity.
A simple electrical circuit for controlling an electric motor
Video 7. Mini machine for drilling circuit boards
You don't have to spend money on a benchtop drill press because it's not that difficult to make your own. To do this, you will need to purchase, manufacture or use used parts. We will tell you about creating several designs, and you can choose your model for assembly.
Almost every owner who builds or repairs his house or apartment, repairs household and garden equipment, and various crafts made of metal and wood has a drill. But for some operations, a drill is not enough: you need special precision, you want to drill a hole at a right angle in a thick board, or you just want to make your work easier. To do this, you will need a machine that can be made on the basis of various drives, machine parts or household appliances, and other available materials.
The type of drive is a fundamental difference in the designs of homemade drilling machines. Some of them are made using a drill, mostly electric, others using motors, most often from unnecessary household appliances.
Tabletop drilling machine made from drill
The most common design can be considered a machine made from a hand or electric drill, which can be made removable, so that it can be used outside the machine, or stationary. In the latter case, the switching device can be moved to the frame for greater convenience.
Main elements of the machine
The main elements of the machine are:
- drill;
- base;
- rack;
- drill mount;
- feed mechanism.
The base or frame can be made from a solid cut of hard wood, furniture board or chipboard. Some people prefer a metal plate, channel or tee as a base. The bed must be massive to ensure structural stability and compensate for vibrations during drilling to produce neat and accurate holes. The size of the frame made of wood is at least 600x600x30 mm, of sheet steel - 500x500x15 mm. For greater stability, the base can be made with eyes or holes for bolts and attached to the workbench.
The stand can be made of timber, round or square steel pipe. Some craftsmen use the frame of an old photographic enlarger, a substandard school microscope, and other parts that have a suitable configuration, strength and weight as a base and stand.
The drill is secured using clamps or brackets with a hole in the center. The bracket is more reliable and provides greater accuracy when drilling.
Design features of the drill feed mechanism
The feed mechanism is needed to move the drill vertically along the stand and can be:
- spring;
- articulated;
- screw jack type design.
Depending on the type of mechanism adopted, the type and structure of the rack will also differ.
The drawings and photos show the basic designs of tabletop drilling machines, which can be made from electric and hand drills.
With a spring mechanism: 1 - stand; 2 - metal or wooden profile; 3 — slider; 4 - hand drill; 5 — clamp for fastening the drill; 6 — screws for fastening the clamp; 7 - spring; 8 — square for securing the stand 2 pcs.; 9 - screws; 10 — stop for the spring; 11 — wing bolt for fastening the stop; 12 - base of the machine
With spring-lever mechanism
With a spring-hinged mechanism: 1 - bed; 2 — washer; 3 — M16 nut; 4 — shock-absorbing struts 4 pcs.; 5 - plate; 6 — bolt M6x16; 7 - power supply; 8 — thrust; 9 - spring; 10 — M8x20 bolt with nut and washers; 11 — drill chuck; 12 - shaft; 13 - cover; 14 — handle; 15 — bolt M8x20; 16 — holder; 17 — rack; 18 — cup with bearing; 19 - engine
With hinged springless mechanism
A stand operating on the principle of a screw jack: 1 - frame; 2 - guide groove; 3 - M16 thread; 4 - bushing; 5 - nut welded to the bushing; 6 - drill; 7 - handle, when rotated, the drill moves up or down
Drilling and milling machine: 1 - base of the machine; 2 — supports for the table lifting plate 2 pcs.; 3 - lifting plate; 4 — handle for lifting the table; 5 - movable drill holder; 6 — additional rack; 7 — screw for fixing the drill holder; 8 — clamp for fastening the drill; 9 — main rack; 10 — lead screw; 11 - drum with Vernier scale
Machine made from a car jack and drill
The carriage is made of furniture guides
Mini-machine from a decommissioned microscope
Base and stand made from an old photographic enlarger
Machine made from a hand drill: 1 - bed; 2 — steel clamps; 3 — grooves for attaching a drill; 4 — drill fastening nut; 5 - drill; 6 - slider; 7 — guide tubes
Video 1. Step-by-step guide for an inexpensive machine. The bed and stand are wooden, the basis of the mechanism is a furniture guide
Video 2. Drilling machine - jack from Zhiguli and drill
Video 3. Spring-lever stand for drill
Video 4. Step-by-step creation of a steel stand for a drill
Machine based on the steering rack of a passenger car
A steering rack for a car and a drill are quite massive products, so the frame should also be massive and, preferably, with the ability to attach the machine to a workbench. All elements are welded, since connections with bolts and screws may not be sufficient.
The frame and support post are welded from channels or other suitable rolled products, about 5 mm thick. The steering rack is secured to a stand, which should be 70-80 mm longer than the rack, through the eyes of the steering column.
To make the machine more convenient to use, the drill control is placed in a separate block.
Video 5. Drilling machine based on a steering rack from Moskvich
Assembly procedure for tabletop drilling machines:
- preparation of all elements;
- attaching the stand to the frame (check verticality!);
- assembly of the movement mechanism;
- fastening the mechanism to the rack;
- fastening the drill (check verticality!).
All fastenings must be made as securely as possible. It is advisable to join one-piece steel structures by welding. When using any kind of guides, you need to make sure that there is no lateral play during movement.
Advice! To fix the part in which the hole is drilled, the machine can be equipped with a vice.
You can also find ready-made stands for drills on sale. When purchasing, you need to pay attention to the weight of the structure and the size of the working surface. Lightweight (up to 3 kg) and inexpensive (up to 1.5 thousand rubles) racks are suitable for making holes in a thin plywood sheet.
Drilling machine using asynchronous motor
If there is no drill on the farm or it is not desirable to use it in the machine, you can make a design based on an asynchronous motor, for example, from an old washing machine. The design and manufacturing process of such a machine are quite complex, so it is best to make it by a craftsman with sufficient experience in turning and milling work, and assembling electrical circuits.
The device of a drilling machine with a motor from household appliances
To familiarize yourself with the design, we provide assembly drawings and detailing, as well as the characteristics of assembly units in the specifications.
Parts and materials for manufacturing the machine are shown in the table:
Table 1
| Pos. | Detail | Characteristic | Description |
| 1 | bed | Textolite plate, 300x175 mm, δ 16 mm | |
| 2 | Heel | Steel circle, Ø 80 mm | Can be welded |
| 3 | Main stand | Steel circle, Ø 28 mm, L = 430 mm | One end is turned to a length of 20 mm and has an M12 thread cut into it |
| 4 | Spring | L = 100-120 mm | |
| 5 | Sleeve | Steel circle, Ø 45 mm | |
| 6 | Locking screw | M6 with plastic head | |
| 7 | Lead screw | Tr16x2, L = 200 mm | From the clamp |
| 8 | Matrix nut | Tr16x2 | |
| 9 | Steel sheet, δ 5 mm | ||
| 10 | Lead screw bracket | Duralumin sheet, δ 10 mm | |
| 11 | Special nut | M12 | |
| 12 | Lead screw flywheel | Plastic | |
| 13 | Washers | ||
| 14 | Four-strand block of drive pulleys for V-belt transmission | Duralumin circle, Ø 69 mm | Changing the spindle speed is done by moving the drive belt from one stream to another |
| 15 | Electric motor | ||
| 16 | Capacitor block | ||
| 17 | Duralumin circle, Ø 98 mm | ||
| 18 | M5 screw with plastic mushroom | ||
| 19 | Spindle return spring | L = 86, 8 turns, Ø25, from wire Ø1.2 | |
| 20 | Duralumin circle, Ø 76 mm | ||
| 21 | Spindle head | see below | |
| 22 | Duralumin sheet, δ 10 mm | ||
| 23 | Drive belt | Profile 0 | The drive V-belt has a “zero” profile, so the grooves of the pulley block also have the same profile |
| 24 | Switch | ||
| 25 | Network cable with plug | ||
| 26 | Tool feed lever | Steel sheet, δ 4 mm | |
| 27 | Removable lever handle | Steel pipe, Ø 12 mm | |
| 28 | Cartridge | Tool chuck no. 2 | |
| 29 | Screw | M6 with washer |
The spindle head provides both translational and rotational motion. It is mounted on its own base - a duralumin console.
Parts and materials for manufacturing the spindle head are shown in the table:
table 2
| Pos. | Detail | Characteristic |
| 1 | Steel circle Ø 12 mm | |
| 2 | Steel pipe Ø 28x3 mm | |
| 3 | Bearing 2 pcs. | Radial rolling bearing No. 1000900 |
| 4 | Screw | M6 |
| 5 | Washers-spacers | Bronze |
| 6 | Lever arm | Steel sheet δ 4 mm |
| 7 | Special M6 screw with knurled button | |
| 8 | screw | Low nut M12 |
| 9 | Steel circle Ø 50 mm or pipe Ø 50x11 mm | |
| 10 | Bearing | Angular contact |
| 11 | Split retaining ring | |
| 12 | Steel circle Ø 20 mm |
Drilling machine assembled
The electrical circuit depends on the type of engine.
A simple electrical circuit for a factory machine 2M112
Homemade machines for drilling printed circuit boards
Mini-machines for drilling circuit boards by radio amateurs also borrow the drive from various low-power devices. In this case, cutters for cutting photographs are used as levers, soldering irons, and collet pencils instead of a chuck. The drilling site is illuminated with LED flashlights—there are plenty of opportunities for technical creativity.
A simple electrical circuit for controlling an electric motor
Video 7. Mini machine for drilling circuit boards
A self-made drilling machine allows you to drill holes in different materials at a sufficient quality level at home.
1 Homemade drilling machine - who needs it and why?
Drilling in the extensive list of all kinds of plumbing operations is considered among specialists to be the most accessible and truly simple procedure. It is usually performed on special drilling units, which can have different functionality and some design features. The modern machine tool industry produces many types of drilling machines, ranging from very simple ones (for example) to CNC units that have several spindles.
2 How to make a drilling machine from a drill?
In home workshops, such drilling equipment is most often found due to its simplicity. self-made. You will not need high strength materials or any special devices. The mini hole drilling machine includes just four key components:
- a bed that serves as the base of the machine;
- rotation mechanism (in our case, its role is played by an electric drill);
- feeder;
- vertical stand.
The stand is usually made of ordinary chipboard or boards, since the small weight of the drill does not require the use of more durable materials. But it is better to make the bed as massive as possible. This will ensure the absence of vibrations during the drilling process, and therefore more comfortable work.
Craftsmen advise using a relatively thick (from 2 centimeters) furniture board for the base of the unit. The ideal option is to use an old photographic enlarger for the manufacture of the frame and stand. It will only need to be modified a little to really get reliable design mini-machine for household use.
Drilling quality and accuracy homemade unit depends on the correct connection of the frame and the vertical post. Therefore, this part of the work must be approached as responsibly as possible. It is recommended to cut two guides from steel strips, which are then connected to the stand with screws. The block with the drill will move along the indicated guides.
The block itself must be made so that it securely holds the electric drill. This is easy to achieve using small steel clamps. It is also advisable to place a small rubber spacer between the block and the drill. It will significantly reduce vibration and make the installation process more comfortable.
The feeding mechanism of the drilling machine from the drill is simple lever, which will move the block with the tool in the vertical direction. It is advisable to equip this mechanism with a spring of relatively high elasticity and power. One end of the spring should rest against a stationary device mounted on the stand. wooden beam, the other - into the block.
If you want to achieve maximum convenience in working with a homemade machine and do not plan to periodically remove the electric drill, it is recommended that you simply disassemble its switch and mount a separate button on the frame, with which you will start and turn off your drilling unit. As you can see, everything is quite simple. Any more or less handy man can make himself a small and convenient machine from a drill.
3 DIY drilling machine based on an asynchronous motor
Any owner in the garage, basement or somewhere on the balcony of the apartment stores many electric motors from electrical units that have served their useful life. From these, it is quite possible to choose a motor that will become the propulsion device for a mini-drilling machine. Ideal option in in this case An asynchronous type motor mounted on drum washing units is recognized.
The work of creating a home drilling rig based on an old electric motor is much more difficult than using a drill. But they can also be accomplished, armed with a certain amount of patience and perseverance. It is important to realize here that the motor from the washing machine has more serious weight. And the power of such a “motor” is much higher than that of an electric drill. This means that you will have to take care of preparing a “mighty” stand and base for the machine being created.
Experts say that the vibration level of a unit based on an asynchronous motor can be reduced by installing it on a powerful base, as well as by placing it closer to a vertical stand. But at the same time, it is necessary to remember that the close location of the rack and the motor is fraught with complications in the design of a homemade machine, which is caused by the need to install belt pulleys.
To make a drilling rig using an electric motor from a washing machine, among other things, you will need the following parts:
- gear;
- bearings in the amount of two pieces;
- hexagon;
- two tubes of small thickness (one of them must have an internal thread);
- clamping ring (preferably made of durable material, such as tool steel).
A hexagon is required to make the moving part of the machine transmission device. A pulley will be put on it. You also need to attach a metal tube with a bearing and a steel ring to the hexagon. It is important to achieve a very tight connection of these components with each other, since otherwise they will completely collapse during vibration (not immediately, but quite quickly).
The adjustment complex of the unit is made of a gear and a tube on which cuts need to be made. They contain gear teeth. The specified tube is made of such a height that the drill chuck rises by a given amount. An axle with a hexagon is then pressed into the same tube.
From the described diagram it is clear that it is quite difficult to manufacture a machine with an asynchronous motor. Therefore, we can advise doing it by analogy with the previous process, when an electric drill was used. But be prepared for the fact that the resulting machine, unfortunately, will not be characterized by particularly accurate drilling.
Having your own drilling machine at home is the dream of any craftsman. The most popular designs are made from a hand drill. But this option has a drawback - if necessary, use a drill, like independent instrument– you have to disassemble the machine.
However, there are a number of solutions for manufacturing a drilling machine without the use of ready-made power tools.
Powerful steering rack drilling machine
For production you will need:
- steering rack from passenger car, with dismantled amplifier elements. Of course, used, but preferably not too loose;
- Several steel angles and profiles different sizes;
- Steel sheet 2-3 mm for making a frame. You can select suitable ready-made spare parts for old large household appliances;
- Drill chuck;
- Electric motor and pulleys with belt. Perfect option– from Soviet;
- Bearings are in good condition;
- Access to welding machine and a lathe.
The most important part is the axle with the pulley. Turned on a lathe. IN this option The cartridge mount is threaded, so a corresponding thread is cut on the bottom of the shaft.
For fastening, 4 bearings are used, 2 regular and 2 thrust. The pulley is used from the same washing machine.
From suitable corners we assemble a carriage on which the working shaft and engine will be attached. Special attention We pay attention to the placement of support surfaces for thrust bearings. The load must be distributed evenly, otherwise one of the bearings will wear out faster.
The frame is welded from a 4 mm steel plate and similar corners. The supporting rod is welded strictly vertically from metal profile.
We make 6 holes on the horizontal surface for attaching a vice or support stand. WITH reverse side the nuts are welded on.
Using powerful clamps, the steering rack is installed on the profile. Installation is carried out once, with strict control of vertical movement. At this stage, a decision is made on which side the control wheel will be - left or right hand.
The fact is that the direction of rotation of the rack mechanism is somewhat unusual for those who have worked on a classic drilling machine.
The carriage with a cartridge and a bracket for the engine is additionally supported by two bearings on a profile rod. This is done to compensate for the steering rack play.
Install two bearings on the carriage
We assemble the mechanism and check the vertical movement. If necessary, we adjust it by placing washers under the rail fastenings.
IMPORTANT! If the direction of movement of the chuck is different from vertical, the drills will always break.
The steering wheel is made of 10 mm steel rod. For aesthetics, the knobs can be turned. The carriage travel is 160 mm, which is sufficient for most drilling jobs.
For safety, around the drive belt pulley it is necessary to install protective cover made of thin metal. You can use an old saucepan of a suitable size.
In a separate box we assemble the engine control unit. There is no need to invent anything; the speed controller is left over from the washing machine. This option provides reverse rotation, which adds functionality, especially when cutting threads or milling work.
We install the motor on the carriage. On one side there is a hinged suspension, on the other there is a pin, a belt tension regulator. Considering the age of the washing machine, it is better to replace the V-shaped drive belt with a new one; at the same time, the distance between the pulleys can be set to a more convenient one.
After setup and final assembly, coat the metal parts with paint, and the homemade drilling machine is ready for work.
To secure the workpiece, you can use a vice or a stand, which is made for the specific dimensions of the machine.
IMPORTANT! The metal housing must be grounded.
The video shows a homemade drilling machine, a demonstration of working on metal and wood.
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Compact drilling machine
Homemade machine for metal does not have to be large and powerful. Most jobs can be done on a small benchtop fixture.
compact, homemade drilling machine
The instrument is made entirely from metal blanks, from finished parts except for the electric motor and fasteners. All structural elements are made using a CNC milling machine and lathe. If you do not have access to machines, you can pick up the components at a furniture fittings store.
Step-by-step assembly instructions
- The frame is made of plexiglass 20-30 mm thick, the base is two-layer. The bottom layer is attached to the table (workbench); on the top layer we provide space for installing the heel under the column.
- The heel and the column itself were purchased at a furniture fittings store.
- The support sleeve is made using lathe, and finalized by milling. A solid brass nut is installed at the rear to adjust the vertical position of the carriage. The bushing is secured to the column using a locking screw.
- The spindle plate is made using milling machine with CNC. Don’t let the manufacturing technology scare you; this same part can easily be made using a drill and file. The plate is mounted on a support sleeve.
- A bracket for the engine with grooves for longitudinal movement is installed on top. This is necessary to tension the drive belt and move it along the pulleys when changing the rotation speed. The bracket is manufactured similarly to the spindle plate.
- The motor used is asynchronous, with a power of 60 W. The capacitor starting unit is made in a separate box.
- The spindle plate, together with the motor, moves vertically using a lead screw, the mechanism is visible in the photo, the element is optional, but adds convenience.
- The spindle consists of a housing with bearings and a shaft on which a chuck is mounted using a Morse taper.
spindle after turning
- The spindle body is installed in a sleeve along which it will move vertically when drilling.
- Movement is carried out using a lever in which a longitudinal groove is cut.
- A pulley with variable diameters is placed on top to adjust the rotation speed and torque.
- A similar design, only inverted, is placed on the drive motor shaft. By moving the belt from one pulley to another, you can easily achieve the required rotation speed.
- We assemble the structure and check its functionality. The drive belt can be round or flat, depending on which pulleys you use.
- Initially table machine designed for drilling printed circuit boards, but was later modernized as more universal. To drill holes at any angle, we made a homemade 3D coordinate vise for a drilling machine.
- The design consists of a coordinate plate machined on the same CNC router and a vice, also made by hand.
We looked at ways to make a drilling machine from scrap materials. There are many options for execution. You can make a frame from a photographic enlarger or use the mechanism of an old microscope. The principle of operation will not change from this.
The main condition is reliable working surface with a plate or vice, and a mechanism for moving the spindle vertically. The presence of backlash in the mechanism and overall comfort in operation depend on the accuracy of manufacturing.
The video shows a homemade drilling machine from an old photographic enlarger. We took a tripod and mount to work.
Using a conventional hand drill, it is almost impossible to manually drill a strictly perpendicular hole in a thick block or perform a series of precise parallel drillings. Buying even an inexpensive drilling machine for this purpose is extremely wasteful if such work is of an occasional nature.
There are special devices for factory-made electric drills that expand their capabilities in this regard. Click on the small pictures on the right to view them in more detail.
Their use allows you to turn a drill into a kind of drilling machine. Of course, you can get one of these devices by choosing it for your tool, but you can make a drilling machine from a drill with your own hands. Let's consider several approaches to solving this problem.
Do-it-yourself drilling machine from a drill, drawings
Detailed drawings of such a device cannot be found even on the Internet. This is partly explained by the multiplicity of approaches and technical solutions, and partly by the simplicity and availability of methods for solving this problem. Let's analyze those that we managed to find.
This one is perhaps the most detailed and detailed. The main advantage of this arrangement is the absence of any gear pairs that ensure vertical movement of the drill along the stand, which is the basis of the device. The spring-loaded holder moves along the stand by the distance between it and the lower stop, minus the thickness of the compressed spring. To prevent its rotation in the horizontal plane, there is obviously a groove in the rack along which the screw 16 moves. The location of the tool in the holder is determined based on the parameters of a particular drill.
Even easier to implement on your own is a drawing of a wooden stand for a drill.
Not all sizes are shown on it, due to the fact that they are not of fundamental importance. And the lever feed system, as in the previous case, will ensure strictly parallel movement of the electric drill along the rack. Holding the tool in the upper position is achieved due to friction forces in the grooves and on the side cheeks of the holder and is regulated by the tightening force of the screws.
If you have free screw pair, possibly from an old vice, then it can also be used for a tool feed system in a homemade stand for an electric drill.
For small drills, you can also use a regular threaded rod Ø 16-20 mm with a corresponding widened nut, which are sold in hardware stores.
Simple designs of homemade stands for a drilling machine
We have selected for you easy-to-make, but in our opinion interesting designs of stands for homemade drilling machines based on an electric drill.
Such wooden stand can function successfully without a lever, and the tool is raised and lowered either by the handle of the tool itself, or by the upper part of the box in which it is secured.
An interesting design is in which the system of 2 levers is replaced by 1 with a longitudinal groove along which the thrust screw moves.
A productive method is to combine materials for stands to turn an electric drill into a drilling machine. Thus, the main material for their manufacture is wood, but the most wearable components are made of metal, which radically extends the service life of the entire device.
An interesting design using industrially produced furniture runners as guides:
The high precision of their execution has virtually no backlash.
The process of creating a stand for an electric drill is greatly simplified if you have a photo enlarger of any model at your disposal. It is unlikely that he will ever be able to serve you direct purpose, but it will make an excellent drilling machine. After all, it already has in its design both guides and a gear rack for moving a rather heavy head along them, instead of which a holder for a drill should be hung.
No less productive is the option of converting old Volgov or Zhiguli rack jacks into a drilling machine rack. After all, you don’t need their entire height to normal operation such a device, but only a small space of a screw.
To do this, you just need to slightly modify the lifting lever, in which to secure the drill, and the thrust pad.
And here is the video:
You can do it even simpler by rigidly securing the drill to the top of such a jack, and placing a work table on the lever. Do not lower the drill for drilling, but lift the workpiece itself, especially since the lower part of the screw in such jacks is the least worn.
And in general, the same principle can be applied to fairly large and powerful drills, securely fixed in any way on a powerful stand of the future machine. And you can make a small lifting table in the image and likeness of what is shown in the video:
Or use a small diamond-shaped car jack for the same purpose, providing it with a reliable base and replacing the upper stop with a working platform with a vise or a prism.
Moreover, both the first and second can be made removable, and in long time intervals between drilling work the jack itself can be used for its intended purpose.
More powerful drill press designs
And yet, when we talk about a drilling machine, we mean something more thorough than described in previous section, and the material for such devices must be metal, even if we're talking about about very small machines for low-power power tools, like this one:
And even such a primitive design significantly expands the capabilities of a hand drill. But how to make an almost full-fledged drilling machine with your own hands, without using complex technical solutions for this? Of the simplest, the most reliable design seems to us to be this:
Its biggest disadvantage is the ability to freely rotate the holder, and with it the drill, around the stand, but if instead round pipes If you use square or rectangular ones, this drawback will be eliminated. The main thing: very carefully select the size of the gaps between the stand and the movable bushing of the drill holder frame.
Slightly different, but no more complicated technical solution To feed the tool to the part in which drilling is being done, it was carried out by a home craftsman from the video:
In conclusion, about choosing a drill
If you are just planning to select a specific drill model with the possibility of using it in conjunction with the device, the designs of which we described above, then:
1. Give preference to a tool with a power of at least 1 kW.
2. Choose a model with a removable handle, secured with a circular clip around the girth. They have a convenient wide cylindrical part on the body for mounting in a holder.
3. Choose a tool that has multiple speeds or smooth speed control.
4. The button on your drill must have a lock in the on position.
5. It is better to connect the drill on the stand to the network through a socket or extension cord that has a power button, and firmly fix it on the frame in a place convenient for emergency shutdown.
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