To make a vibration table with your own hands, standard tools that most home craftsmen have will be sufficient. The most difficult skill you may need is the ability to use welding. A homemade vibrating table will even outperform a factory one, since it will be designed for its construction: the size of the tiles and their quantity that will be produced at a time. Can be used for cinder blocks and making vibro-cast tiles with your own hands.
What you need to prepare - tools and materials
If your workshop has all of the above, then you can make a vibrating machine for making blocks:
- Welding machine. You can assemble a vibrator for shaking blocks with your own hands and bolted connections, but much faster.
- Grinder with cutting and grinding wheels.
- Drill and drill bits of required sizes.
- Bolts, nuts, washers and wrenches for them.
- Tape measure and ruler for measuring and marking.
- Metal sheet - the lid for the vibrating table will be made from it. At home, you can also use a wooden one, but only for the device low power otherwise, vibration will very quickly loosen the fastenings.
- Metal corners or channels for the frame or tabletop edging, with a cross-section of 5-10 mm. Their number and length depend on the calculated dimensions of the table. Metal pipes are also suitable for a do-it-yourself vibrating table, but they are more difficult to process.
In the video, a vibration table assembled from scrap parts:
- Four identical springs can be used as moped shock absorbers, dense belts or chains that will support the weight of the table top and the concrete forms immersed on it.
- Vibration or ordinary electric motor.
Design details, drawings, materials and manufacturing procedures
Each vibrating machine for the production of blocks has approximately the same design, the details of which differ only slightly in personal modifications. Before you make a vibrating table with your own hands, you need to decide on its dimensions. It is usually difficult to find drawings of a suitable design - it is better to take general scheme or this drawing and adjust it to your needs.
The main components and the materials required for them are as follows:
bed
It consists of four vertical supports connected at the top and, if necessary, reinforced with jumpers at the bottom. It must be heavy enough to support the entire structure, plus the weight of the molds with concrete. A factory or homemade vibrating machine is most often made from angles with a metal thickness of 5-10 mm.
Tabletop
This is a perfectly flat surface with edges curved up so that forms with concrete do not jump out of it during work. Depending on the size and weight of the blocks a vibrating table is needed, the thickness of the tabletop and the material from which it will be made are selected. Most often, a sheet of iron with a thickness of 3 mm or more is chosen for it. If you plan to work with heavy tiles large shape, then the tabletop can be reinforced with metal corners around the perimeter and in the inside. Depending on the design chosen, a vibration motor may be attached to the tabletop.
Springs
Provide the necessary amplitude of movement of the tabletop relative to the fixed frame. If the weight of the table top is correctly calculated, they do not need any kind of fastening - they are simply installed in glasses specially fixed for them. Good vibration machines are obtained if springs from moped springs are used in the design. The length is selected in such a way that the tabletop can vibrate, but not sway from side to side.
Cups for fixing springs
Made from scraps metal pipe slightly larger than the diameter of the springs. If inner size choose a small one, then the springs will be difficult to remove, for example, to replace the tabletop with a molding one. If the diameter is too large, the tabletop will “play” strongly under the influence of vibration and the weight of the building blocks and may simply fly off the frame. Also good result it turns out if the glasses are inside the springs.
Vibrating table without springs
Instead of steel springs, without compromising the quality of the structure, it is possible to use ropes, chains or tight strands. In this case, the tabletop is made slightly wider than the frame and is attached to it with a belt shock absorber. To do this, instead of glasses, guides are welded to the corners of the tabletop surface, connected by belts to the frame, as shown in the diagram.
Vibro block
Depending on the chosen design, the vibrating table may consist of one or two elements.
- If a factory-made vibration motor is available, it is installed directly on the surface of the tabletop. Such an engine has a specific design - eccentrics are mounted on both sides of its shaft. They are made in the form of two semicircles, which can move relative to each other, thereby adjusting the strength of vibration. The factory vibration motor is specially designed to work in conditions of constant vibration, so placing it on a tabletop is not dangerous.
How to make your own machine and an example of its operation in the video:
- When an ordinary engine is selected, for example, with washing machine, then it must be upgraded with the help of self-made eccentrics, for which bolts are welded to the shaft, and the strength of vibration can be adjusted by tightening them with nuts closer or further from the center. If you plan to use the engine in another place, it is better to secure the eccentric to the shaft with a clamp connection. The disadvantage of this solution is that in this case the engine is constantly exposed to vibration and there is a risk of its premature failure.
- Using a separate eccentric. In this case, a standard electric motor is also used, but it is mounted on the frame. A shaft with a shifted center of gravity, connected to the engine by a belt drive, is attached to the surface of the vibrating table. This solution protects the engine from vibration, but requires careful calibration of the eccentrics, which is often done by selection.
All these designs make it possible to obtain an acceptable result from the operation of the device - the choice between them is made based on what required material are available. The engine power of factory vibrating tables is in the range of 0.75-2.2 kW. For homemade ones, it is selected experimentally. The following diagram is approximate drawings of a homemade vibrating table, which you can use as a guide during manufacturing.
Unforming vibrating table
Used to remove dried tiles from the mold. In fact, this is an ordinary vibration table, made by yourself, only there is a hole in its lid. A form is placed on top of it and under the influence of vibration the tile falls out of it.
To work with the unforming vibrating table, the form must have handles or fields with which you can support it on the table. From handicraft forms, instead of which they are used plastic containers It will not be possible to remove the tile in this way, unless you simply put it on the table so that the vibration between the form and the tile becomes smaller.
In production, separate demoulding vibrating tables are used, in which there is a cushion under the tabletop or a conveyor belt for the falling tiles. The tabletop itself is removable, underneath different shapes tiles
There are two ways to turn a self-made vibrating table into a demolding table:
- Make an additional tabletop. If the springs fit tightly in the cups and are not welded, then replacing the surfaces will not take long.
- Make do with one tabletop, but make a removable hatch in one of the sides, instead of which you can insert necessary forms. It also wouldn’t hurt to make a pillow under the hatch - even if you plan to pick up the tiles, sooner or later it will come in handy.
Non-standard designs
Why make a full-fledged vibrating machine to process a dozen other tiles? If making your own vibrating table is not needed for permanent job, then you can pay attention to simplified designs that can be assembled within an hour, and will complete their task at a fairly high level.
The video shows an example of how one of them works:
From car tires
For the simplest design, you will only need 1-3 tires (depending on the required height), a wooden board (the size of 1-2 tiles) and a rubber hammer.
You can make sides around the perimeter of the shield so that the forms do not fly off. The solution is poured, the forms are placed on the shield and by tapping with a hammer it is caused to vibrate, the strength of which is regulated in the full sense of the word “manually”. The shield, if necessary, can be screwed to the tires with a couple of screws.
The design can be complicated if the farm has an electric motor. It is screwed to the shield, an eccentric is attached to the shaft... And the hammer can be put aside.
From a hammer drill or impact drill
On the edge wooden shield or a sheet of iron (perpendicular to the surface) a steel plate is attached. Something elastic is attached to the other end (rags, a piece of rubber) and it all rests against the wall. A hammer drill is connected to the steel plate and the vibration is no worse than with the tire method.
Instead of a drill, you can use a piece of pipe - the thickness is selected depending on the capabilities of the hammer drill chuck.
So in a simple way You can quickly make a vibrating table for molding and for removing tiles from molds.
Paving slabs are often used for. It can with the use of special equipment. Vibrating table for manufacturing paving slabs can be assembled at home, but to do this you need to know design features machine, have the necessary tools and be able to perform various types of work.
What is a vibrating table and why is it needed?
There are a variety of solutions on sale that can be used to obtain the product in question. Vibrator or vibropress - special device, which during operation performs oscillatory movements at a high frequency. The operational features of the device make it possible to use a similar table to produce other products: sections of fences, concrete load-bearing elements, monuments.
TO self-production The machine is used only when the tiles are created for everyday use. This is due to the following facts:
1. Low performance.
2. The quality of products is much lower when compared with the use of industrial equipment.
3. High probability of a malfunction.
For greater savings, you can use scrap materials. The main purpose of the vibrating table is to remove bubbles from the plastic composition from which the tiles are made.
Types and types of vibrating tables for tile production
Horizontal vibrating machine vertical vibrating machine
Before you make a vibrating machine with your own hands, you need to pay attention to the fact that there are several types of such equipment. Depending on the direction of vibration exposure, 2 large groups are distinguished:
1. Horizontal.
2. Vertical.
The horizontal machine is more popular, which is due to the location of the rotor. To create vibration, a special vibration motor is installed, which can last for a long period.
Industrial equipment intended for the production of road tiles can be divided into 2 groups:
1. Stationary. During installation, such a structure is attached to the base to reduce vibration.
2. Portable. If production is carried out frequently, then a mobile machine is selected. His distinguishing feature lies in its light weight and the possibility of quick transportation.
Separate groups include forming and deforming tables, which do not have significant design differences. At home, you can make a machine with a horizontal rotor. In this case, the tiles can be removed manually or using a special nozzle.
Design and operating features of the vibrating table
Diagram of a vibrating table for paving slabs drawing of a vibrating table drawing of a vibrating table for paving slabs schematic image of a vibrating table vibrating table design
Do homemade machine for paving stones it is possible, because The design is quite simple, represented by a combination of several components. The scheme consists of the following elements:
1. A support or frame that is a load-bearing element of the structure.
2. Vibrating platform designed for distributing the solution.
3. Connector for electrical power.
4. Device switch.
5. Rubber supports.
6. Electromechanical part.
On the Internet you can find a drawing according to which the structure is assembled. The operating principle of the device is characterized by the following features:
1. The working part of the structure is mounted on a frame, which is often made of a profile.
2. The upper part is secured using special springs.
3. A motor is required to create movement. It is important to calculate the required power.
4. An eccentric is placed on the shaft, the displacement of the center of gravity of which ensures vibration.
For correct production design, you need to know the principle of its operation. When selecting suitable materials, care is taken to ensure that they can withstand the impact high humidity throughout the entire period of operation.
Materials and tools required to assemble the vibrating table
For self-assembly construction requires tools and suitable materials. The right tool next:
1. Drill to create holes.
2. Welding machine for connection individual elements.
3. Grinder, with the help of which the length of the materials used is changed.
Vibrating machine presented complex design, which consists of several units and parts:
1. The tabletop is made using a thin sheet of metal or plywood. By using the second material, it is possible to reduce the noise level during operation, as well as increase the efficiency of the device. However, plywood is less durable compared to metal.
2. Metal corner required to create a tabletop edging. Due to such a side, the possibility of the tabletop moving during vibration is eliminated.
3. The channel is used to create a seat on which the motor will be installed. It is characterized by high strength and vibration resistance.
4. Metal pipes are used to create support. The thickness should be 2 mm, cross section 40 mm.
5. The pipe for forming the upper cross-sections should have a smaller cross-sectional area.
6. Metal plates will be required to create the soles of the feet, which provide stability.
7. Springs are important element designs, because they create conditions for the transmission of vibration. As practice shows, springs from mopeds work well.
8. To center and fix the springs, bolts with a length of 50-70 mm and a diameter of 5-10 mm are required.
When choosing a material, care should be taken to ensure that there are no obvious defects on its surface.
Additional aspects that you should pay attention to when choosing materials for a vibrating table
When searching for everything you need, consider the following recommendations:
1. You need to give preference of stainless steel, which can withstand moisture.
2. High demands are placed on the profile and channel in terms of rigidity and strength.
3. The fasteners used must be strong and reliable.
Almost everything you need can be purchased at a low price. More attention should be paid to choosing the most suitable engine that is reliable and has suitable performance characteristics.
Manufacturing a vibrating table with horizontal vibration
The connection of individual elements in the case under consideration is carried out using welding machine. This is due to the following points:
1. Welding seams are strong and can withstand vibration loads.
2. Some non-critical elements are connected with detachable fasteners.
When conducting welding work you should be careful because even a minor defect can cause a significant reduction in the strength and reliability of the structure.
Which motor is best for a homemade vibrating table?
There are many different engines that can be installed when creating such a machine. Most often used:
1. IV-99 E - a model with a power of 0.5 kW, the power source of which can be a 220 V network. The weight of the device is 14.5 kg, the rotation speed is 3000 rpm. You can buy it for about 8,000 rubles.
2. IV-98 E - model with increased power of 0.9 kW. In this case, the power source also becomes a 220 V network, the weight of the device is 22.5 kg. The device has an unbalance that is installed on the rotor. When rotating simultaneously, a large force is created.
If you need a device with greater performance, then select a motor that is powered by a 380 V network. The IV-104 B model with a power of 0.53 kW and a rotation speed of 1500 rpm is very popular.
Methods for unbalancing a vibrating table motor
The motor is unbalanced depending on where it is installed. You can do this kind of work as follows:
1. A suitable pulley is mounted on the shaft, and a section of the circle is ground off.
2. The nut is selected by testing. It must have a suitable weight, after which it is welded to the pulley.
3. The coupling is put on the shaft. In this case, it is pre-welded with 2 nuts, which are placed across. They can move along the threads to become unbalanced.
This method has become widespread. It allows you to increase performance characteristics homemade device.
Vibrating table manufacturing technology
You can find a lot on the Internet various technologies manufacturing a vibrating table. Before starting work, you should consider:
1. The most durable method of connecting individual elements is the use of rivets. They can withstand vibration without deformation or destruction.
2. In 99% of cases, welding is used, because it can withstand high loads.
3. The height of the structure is selected depending on the height of the master and other factors.
Working with rivets requires a special tool; welding machines are more common, but their use requires special skills.
bed
Diagram of the vibrating table frame; schematic photo of the vibrating table frame.
The design of the machine in question is mounted on a frame. To produce it, an angle grinder with an appropriate attachment is required. Assembly is carried out as follows:
1. 2 frames from the corners are welded.
2. 4 racks are welded to the frames.
If there are no corners, then any assortment can be used. An example is the use round pipe as spring guides.
Vibration platform
The working surface is represented by a vibrating platform. It is made in the form of a removable element. For production you need:
1. Sheet with a thickness of 2.5 mm or more. It is expensive, but can last for a long period.
2. It is possible to use chipboard. This a budget option can be quickly replaced if necessary.
The tabletop frame is strengthened in the central part. The motor used is installed at the bottom of the structure. The top plate is fixed by springs, which are located around the entire perimeter.
Vibration motor
A special table for making paving slabs cannot be assembled without the main unit, which is the engine.
There are a large number on sale various models, you will have to independently assemble an eccentric unit for them. It is created taking into account the engine power and its size.
Factory vibrator
In some cases, the machine in question can be upgraded to circular saw. To enable such modernization, an EV-98E vibrator is installed. Its features are as follows:
1. There is amplitude adjustment.
2. Power supply from 220 V.
3. The main difficulty lies in adjusting the electric drive.
The industrial device can last for a long period. In addition, it has higher performance characteristics.
A vibration drive in a simplified form is represented by a curved piece of reinforcement in a vice, which is placed in electric drill. At the moment of switching on, a piece of reinforcement provides an imbalance, due to which the required vibration occurs. However similar option not suitable for long-term use, because the drill will not last long. Therefore, the following construction is created:
1. 1 or 2 eccentric type plates are put on the shaft.
2. The amplitude can be adjusted if necessary.
Such a drive can last much longer. When assembling, you should pay attention to the reliability of fastening the pancakes, because the resulting load can cause them to shift.
A ready-made solution can be called the use of old tires. Among the features of this design we note:
1. The connection is made with self-tapping screws that cut right through the tires.
2. The vibration part is attached to the bottom of the removable platform.
If you want to a small amount of tiles, then plywood is used in production. For powerful devices, metal is purchased whose thickness is 3 mm or more. The caps of the fasteners are hidden in blind holes, which are filled with epoxy. Power cable from which it is powered Electrical engine, is located under the tires used.
If production volumes are small, then a simplified mechanism can be created. It looks like this:
1. A table top is installed on the tires.
2. Fixation is carried out by driving pegs into the ground.
A similar mechanism allows you to create paving slabs or borders. At the same time, production takes a relatively small amount of time.
In some cases, an additional option is being created that involves sifting sand. It is suitable for paving individual areas. At the time of sifting, it is important to protect the engine from sand, for which it is covered sheet material. In this case, the standard vibrating platform is replaced with a mesh, due to which large parts are sifted out.
After creating the required design and applying it, traces of the material used may appear on the surface of the vibrating table. Minor roughness can be removed by applying grinding machine on concrete. Large area can be processed using a vibrating screed.
Cleaning recommended work surface immediately after using the device. This is due to the fact that once the applied composition dries, it is difficult to remove.
Conclusion
The information above indicates that it is possible to create the design in question at home, but this requires materials and tools. It takes craftsmen several days to assemble the machine, after which they have to test it. There is a possibility that after several days of work it will be necessary to re-adjust and adjust the design.
The technology for making a homemade vibrating table for paving slabs will be useful for those who are planning to pave paths in the courtyard of an individual house. And also for private entrepreneurs who are ready to organize mini-production of tiles and paving stones for sidewalks and paths.
Paving slabs are a popular material among both public utilities and private homeowners. Easy to install, abrasion resistant, easy to maintain and other advantages of the tile have led to an increase in its popularity.
Many, deciding to lay tiles on the site large area, independently take on its production.
DIY vibration table for paving slabs
The main device you need to buy to get started
The process of making tiles is a vibrating table. It is designed to seal
composition of the tile mold and removing air bubbles from it.
However, craftsmen act independently here too,
preferring to make a vibration table with your own hands rather than buy a ready-made one. Them
Moreover, you can make it from improvised means at home.
Let's try to consider in detail how to make a vibrating table
with your own hands, in the form of step-by-step instructions.
What is a vibrating table for tiles?
Vibrating table or vibrating press- equipment for production
paving slabs. The working surface of the table can vibrate
movement, such vibration is its main advantage and
purpose.
The vibrating table allows you to produce not only paving slabs, but
and cast concrete sections of the fence, monuments, decorative elements, etc.
Vibrating table for tiles - types and types
To decide on the type of future equipment, you need
understand what vibrating tables exist and what the purpose of each type is:
1. Vibration direction:
Vibrating table with horizontal vibration; Vibrating table with horizontal vibration
Vibrating table with vertical vibrationVibrating table with vertical vibration
The direction depends on how the rotor is installed.
The most widespread are tables with horizontal vibration.
2. According to installation method:
- mobile (portable);
- stationary.
3. By specialization:
- molding Tables are designed for shaping the product;
- deforming (stripping). Purpose - to knock out
(remove, shake) the product from the mold using vibration.
Forming vibrating table Such vibrating tables have practically same look. The only difference between them is the nozzle with holes installed on the molding table.
A mold with a product is placed on such a nozzle and, through vibration, it is removed from the mold.
The appearance of the table is shown in the photo.
Drawing of a molding attachment for a vibrating table. For individual construction, it is enough to make one vibrating table with horizontal vibration. And removing tiles from molds is not
labor, since in private production flexible forms are usually used. Them
Moreover, you can install the demolding nozzle at any time.
The drawing diagram of the demolding nozzle is shown in the picture.
Material prepared for the website www.moydomik.net
In practice, a vibrating table made for production
paving slabs at home, most often used as a base
For cutting machine or as a platform for mounting a circular saw.
Operating principle of a vibrating table for tiles
To understand which parts/elements of the structure
will be needed for work and why each of them, we will briefly describe the principle of operation
vibrating table
Design of a brick making press for paving slabs (device)
The working surface is fixed to the frame by means of
using a system of springs (for horizontal vibration) or suspensions (for
vertical). The tabletop is driven by an electric motor, calculated
power with an eccentric on the shaft. The task of the eccentric is to shift the center of gravity
engine to provide the desired vibration.
A sketch of the vibrating table is shown in the figure.
Drawing of a vibrating table for tiles
Although the sketch gives a general idea of
the principle of operation of a vibrating table in order to produce a vibrating press
You can’t get by with a sketch yourself; you need a full-fledged drawing.
1. For beginners. The simple design of the brick making press allows
mold the product, it is easier to manufacture and maintain.
Drawing simple vibrating table for tiles
Design of a simple vibrating table for tiles
In principle, you can add any functions to this vibrating table,
The main thing is to correctly calculate the engine power and design parameters.
For example, you can combine it with a sand sifter.
2. For masters– two-in-one design – brick press and
sand sifter. Convenient because it allows you to get the components you need
factions.
Diagram of a vibrating table and sand sifter
Design of vibrating table and sand sifter
How to make a vibration table with your own hands with horizontal vibration
Dimensions of vibrating table for tiles
- tabletop dimensions it is advisable to make 600x600 or
lengthen one or both sides. Making them already is inappropriate, because... at
When vibrating, forms tend to move and need to be constantly “caught”
or install smaller ones and place them strictly in the center. The table is too narrow
reduces the performance of the vibrating table and is quite unstable
design.
Note. The dimensions of the vibrating table are also affected by the planned
the production volume, the larger it is, the larger the size of the tabletop should be. IN
in turn, an increase in the dimensions of the tabletop puts forward increased demands on
the material of its manufacture, the stability of the frame and engine power.
- vibrating table height. Calculated based on physiological
parameters of the person who will work at the table. With average height
a convenient height is 900-1000 mm.
Note. When deciding on the height of the table, consider how it will be
installations. If the table legs will be dug in and cemented, they need to be made
longer. If the structure is mobile, this height is sufficient.
Tool:
- welding machine;
- drill;
- Bulgarian.
Materials for making the table:
Cost of FK 15 mm plywood made of birch veneer
(sheet dimensions 1,525 x 1,525) – 650 rub.Cost of hot-rolled metal 5 mm thick
(sheet dimensions 1,500 x 6,000) – 10,870 rubles.
Note. Thinner sheets should be reinforced with metal
pipe or corner, welding them around the perimeter and in the center.
- metal pipes for foot supports– 40x40 with a thickness of 2 mm (107 rubles/m.p.);
- plate for installing electrical equipment;
For your information. The cost of a spring with a diameter of 53 mm, height 113
mm. for a scooter is 500 rubles.
Note. With a glass diameter significantly exceeding
spring diameter, uneven vibration and wear of the springs will occur. A
the tabletop will wobble, not vibrate.
- bolts and washers (4 pcs). Designed for engine mounting;
- electrical cable of sufficient cross-section, socket,
switch, circuit breaker;
Which motor is better for a homemade vibrating table?
Users recommend using for private production
paving slab vibration motor:
- IV-99 E (RUB 7,650): power 0.5 kW, power supply – 220
B, weight 14.5 kg, driving force up to 5 kN, vibration frequency 3000 rpm.
- IV-98 E (8540 rubles): power 0.9 kW, power supply – 220
B, weight 22.5 kg, driving force up to 11 kN, vibration frequency 3000 rpm. This
The vibration motor is distinguished by the presence of unbalances mounted on the rotor. Spinning with
the rotor shaft, they create a driving force.
For production in industrial scale, a vibrator will do
IV-104 B: power 0.53 kW, power source - 380 V, weight 25 kg, forcing
force up to 6.3 kN, vibration frequency 1500 rpm.
Note. It is important to ensure uniform vibration. Otherwise,
high probability of boiling cement mixture in molding containers. Those.,
Instead of compacting the composition of the form, vibration will allow it to be saturated
air, which will lead to brittleness of paving slabs.
The simplest and economical way– use the old one
engine from washing machine, pumping station etc., which will cost a lot
cheaper within 1 thousand rubles. + turner (shaft (axis), eccentric, bearing race).
Homemade vibrating table for paving slabs - video
How to assemble a vibrating table correctly
- Before assembly, it is advisable to treat metal parts
anti-corrosion solution that prevents rust. For example,
primer GF-021 LAKRA (125 RUR/kg) or enamel paint “Special forces primer-enamel for
rust" (383 rubles/0.8 kg). For metal that is already affected by corrosion, you need
use special primers, such as primer EP-0180 (188 RUR/kg). - The components of the vibrating table are connected by a weld.
The choice of rigid fastening is due to the fact that the bolts can vibrate.
loosen and reduce the rigidity of the support. If you need to make a collapsible structure
Bolts are used that need to be tightened periodically. - The motor driving the vibrating table must not touch
land. After installing it, it is advisable to carry out a test run
equipment in order to check the vibration amplitude, stability
design and spring stiffness. - The length of the support legs must be the same. In addition, the place
The table installation must be level so as not to create distortion during installation
vibrating table It is reasonable to fix the table motionless on the base. Or using
concrete mortar or using anchors.
Conclusion
The device of the vibrating table is comparatively difficult task, however
less, it can be done with your own hands, practically from improvised means or with
minimal costs (if you do not take into account the purchase of an electric motor, although
You can also buy used). This approach is appropriate in conditions of a large front.
work or, if you wish, organize a small business for the production of paving
tiles or paving stones.
Paving slabs are an excellent solution for decoration personal plot. Its use gives the site a neat and well-groomed appearance, and a paving area for recreation or parking will always be clean and dry. The only negative occurs when the estimate for the arrangement is made. The price of paving slabs is not going to fall yet, and the design of paths and platforms can cost a pretty penny.
What is a vibrating table
If you still have an irresistible desire to decorate your yard with tiles, then there is a way to do it inexpensively and efficiently. Tiles are possible. In this case, its price will be several times less than the purchase price, and if you make an effort and do everything according to technology, then the quality of such tiles will not differ from the branded ones.
To do this, you will have to use a concrete mixer and make a vibrating table with your own hands; a drawing and brief explanations of the manufacturing process can be found on the page. This is the largest investment that will have to be made to begin work on building a yard. A concrete mixer doesn’t count, since almost every owner has one, but problems can arise with a vibrating table. A vibrating table is required for compaction concrete mixture, from which the tiles are cast, and without the compaction process the material will be loose and friable, which will undoubtedly affect the strength and service life of the finished tile.
The vibrating table is designed very simply and you can use different methods to make it. The drawings and photographs that decorate the page show that its design can be different, as well as power and performance. Depending on the tasks assigned, everyone selects a design according to their needs.
The main element of the vibrating table is a motor with an eccentric, which together form a vibrating unit. The vibration mechanism sets in motion a movable plate on which the mold with the solution will be placed during the production process. Under the influence of vibration of the slab, the solution is compacted to a certain limit, after which new forms are installed on the slab.
Main characteristics of the vibrating table
To make a simple vibrating table, you need to prepare a set of materials and tools, and with good skills in working with metal, the structure is assembled in a day and another day is spent on finishing. Materials you will need:
- 4 support stands made of rolled metal (pipe, angle, I-beam);
- sheet of metal with a thickness of at least 3 mm;
- electric motor of any power;
- durable springs made of hardened steel.
Tools, of course, will be necessary, but you can limit yourself to a minimum set of a welding machine, a drill and a grinder.
The main characteristic of a vibrating table is its size. The larger the table, the more shapes can be placed on it. But then there is a need to increase engine power, since the weight of the tabletop will also increase. Springs are selected empirically, and engine power can start from 250 W. Recommended table dimensions are 1800x800 mm.
Engine on vibration table and drawings
The engine power should not be too high, which is why many people use motors from washing machines. Its only drawback is its small resource. But if there are no plans to provide tiles to the entire area, then one engine can work properly for several years under average loads. The motor can be modified, since the main weak side its steel bushings or bearings. If you immediately change the bearings to reinforced ones and remove the bushings and replace them with bearings, the table will last even longer.
You can use a ready-made vibrator. IV99, for example, will cost 5-7 thousand, but it is practically eternal, since it has a power reserve and is designed for such work. An excellent addition would be a speed controller. With this, you can adjust the vibration frequency for each batch of tiles separately.
Important details when making a vibrating table
Despite the simplicity of the design, the manufacturing and calculation work requires compliance with some subtleties. The working surface of the table must have a mass, which is dictated by the dimensions and materials of manufacture. The weight of the table must correspond to the capabilities of the vibration motor, and the frame itself must be welded strong and rigid.
It is very important to adjust the vibration frequency. If this is not done, the tiles will either be unaesthetic if the amplitude is too large, or they will not be compacted enough. Thus, after spending a few days, the farm will acquire one more useful tool, which will come in handy more than once.
The production of high-quality paving slabs is impossible without a vibrating table. Large enterprises purchase industrial models, but for the organization small business or for the manufacture of products for personal use on own plot You can make a vibration table with your own hands.
The vibrating table consists of:
- Frame and support post.
- Table top attached to the frame via springs.
- Motor.
- Starting device.
Vibrating table manufacturing process
First of all, a suitable motor is selected. You can use a motor from a washing machine or other asynchronous motor at 220 V. Its main feature – a unit (eccentric) fixed to the shaft, rotating with an offset relative to the center of mass. Due to the displacement, the vibration necessary for compaction is ensured.
An ordinary motor is converted into a vibration motor by attaching a metal washer (eccentric) to the motor shaft. A hole is made in it and a thread is cut to 8. A bolt is screwed into the thread and fixed in the washer using a control nut. The vibration level is adjusted by screwing/unscrewing the bolt.
If you don’t have a suitable motor at hand or an exact understanding of what it should be, you can buy it in a store. One of suitable options– vibrator IV-99 E 220 V. It will cost about 6 thousand rubles.
To control the amplitude of the supplied vibrations, an additional potentiometer is installed alternating current. The vibration force is controlled by changing the level of voltage supplied to the motor. This will allow you to adjust the operation of the vibrating table in accordance with the type of mixture and the size of the molds.
Before starting to manufacture the installation, you need to find drawings or draw it yourself. Detailed drawing will be discussed a little further. The work must be completed in full accordance with it.
To make a vibration table with your own hands, you need to prepare the following materials:
- Sheet of metal (future working surface).
- Vibrator for vibrating table.
- Metal plates.
- Springs.
- Metal corner.
- Metal pipes.
- Welding machine.
- Bolts for securing the engine.
- Drill.
- Bulgarian.
- Metal washer.
The main points of making a vibrating table:
- Choice of base material. A corner or channel is suitable. The dimensions of the base depend on individual needs. Standard size: 70x70 cm. When planning the workspace area, you must also take into account the engine power.
- Making supports. Metal pipes can be used as supports. They are attached to the base by welding. Welded to the legs metal plates. If the table is located in one place, the plates are filled with solution, ensuring maximum fixation of the vibrating table on the floor surface. If movement is necessary, the plates can be attached to the floor with bolts or in another way. The height of the table should ensure maximum comfort during operation and the motor should not be placed directly above the ground (it is better to raise it slightly).
- Selection of springs. They are needed to ensure vibration of the working surface. Springs from a car or moped, cut in half, will do. The springs must have a wide coil - this will ensure maximum level vibrations. They are attached to the base and tabletop by welding.
To simplify the replacement of broken springs, they do not need to be welded. A pipe with a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the springs is selected and small pieces of it are welded to the base. Springs are put on these pieces (possibly inserted), providing fixation and the ability to remove the tabletop from the base.
- Engine installation. To install the engine, weld a square to the base across the vibrating table. The main requirement when installing a vibrator is maximum fixation. If you neglect this rule, the engine will be subject to vibration, which will negatively affect its service life.
- Making a table top. The size of the work surface is determined solely by individual needs or availability suitable material: sheet metal with a thickness of 8 mm or more. If you use a surface of less thickness, it will deform during operation. Sides are welded along the edges of the tabletop to prevent the forms with the solution from moving from the work surface and falling to the floor.
Vibrating table drawings
Drawing No. 1.
- Length: 160 cm.
- Width: 80 cm.
- Height: 90 cm.
The vibration motor is attached to the bottom of the table using bolts.
Main parts of the table:
- Base made of rectangular metal pipe 2.5x5 cm. Legs made of similar material dimensions 5x5 cm.
- Springs. External diameter 5 cm, length 25 cm. Fixed by installing metal plugs welded to the base and working surface.
- Tabletop (working surface). The frame is made of a rectangular metal pipe 2.5x5 cm, the tabletop itself is made of a sheet of metal 8 mm, and the sides are made of corners 3x3 cm.
Drawing No. 2 - A table with a vibration motor attached to the working part.
Main parts of the structure.
a) Iron tabletop:
b) Cover:
- Kerchief. Length: 110 cm. Metal thickness: 0.5 cm.
- Channel. Length: 180 cm. Metal thickness: 0.6 cm.
- Sheet. Length: 205 cm. Width: 85 cm. Metal thickness: 0.5 cm.
- Channel. Length: 26 cm. Metal thickness: 0.6 cm.
- Channel. Length: 76 cm. Metal thickness: 0.6 cm.
c) Base:
- Metal pipe. Length: 80 cm. Diameter: 10 cm.
- Corner. Length: 77 cm. Width: 65x65.
- Metal pipe. Length: 5 cm.
- Corner. Width: 6.5x6.5 cm.
- Corner. Length: 100 cm. Width: 5.5x5.5 cm.
- Corner. Length: 201 cm. Width: 6.5x6.5 cm.
- Corner that strengthens the structure.
Vibrating table on a car tire
To do this you need:
- Tire from a passenger car.
- Motor.
- Work surface (plywood, chipboard or other flat base).
Manufacturing process:
- The motor is attached to the working surface from below. The main thing is to fix it securely.
- The tire is attached so that the motor is exactly in the middle of it.
The resulting vibrating table of a simple design can be installed on a regular wooden table or by building a kind of tower by placing several tires on top of each other. The use of tires of different sizes can increase the stability of the structure.
See the process of making a vibrating table at car tires can be seen on video:
What should you pay special attention to?
A vibrating table for paving slabs should be made taking into account the following points:
- The motor must be securely fixed in the place indicated in the drawing so that vibrations are distributed evenly over the entire surface of the tabletop. To do this, its axis must be as close as possible to the center of gravity of the working surface. If there are 2 vibration motors, it is better to move them to the edges: it is difficult to find the center of gravity and such placement will help eliminate inaccuracies.
- The supports must be positioned in such a way that their center, when compressed, is at the same level as the vibrator axis. This promotes uniform distribution of vibrations over the working surface.
- If bolts are used during installation, choose ones with fine threads (less exposed to vibrations).
- When creating a frame for the working surface, it is better to use square pipes, and not corners - will allow you to achieve maximum rigidity of the tabletop.
Particular attention should be paid to calculating the level of vibrations supplied by the motor to the working surface. If this is not done and the electric motor is installed without making calculations, there is a chance that the mixture in the molds, due to insufficient impact, will be poorly compacted, and the quality of the manufactured tiles will decrease. If there is excessive vibration, the solution will “boil”, rendering the product unusable. To find out the required motor power, you first need to calculate the forced (disturbed) force. For these purposes the following formulas are used:
- Sun = K (Mt + 0.2 M + 0.2 V)
- Sun = K (Mt + M + 0.2 V)
- Sun – forcing force, N.
- Mt – weight of the vibrating part of the table, including the motor, kg.
- M – mold weight, kg.
- B – weight of the solution in molds, kg.
- K is a coefficient depending on the solution and the rigidity of the molds (on average 20-40).
The first formula is applicable in the case of loose forms on the working surface, the second - in the case of fixed ones.
Sun = M x P x B2
- M – weight of the weight in kg,
- R – radius to its center of gravity in meters,
- B2 – square of angular frequency = 3.14n/30, where n is the number of revolutions in 60 seconds.
To obtain the required power in kN, you need to divide Bs by 1000.
Video of the work process of a homemade vibrating table
The vibrating table has simple design, which allows you to make it yourself from scrap materials, giving you the opportunity to produce paving slabs at home, spending a minimum amount Money. To ensure maximum performance, it is worth considering all the recommendations given in this article during manufacturing.
