Water supply to the heating battery. Connection diagrams for heating radiators in a private house: features and operating principles of different options. Main types of connection

Connecting heating radiators

When building a house or just when major renovation In a private estate or apartment, the installation of heating radiators should be done after elements such as doors and windows have already been installed. In this case, you must determine in advance which connection of heating radiators you will use, and in addition, of course, prepare necessary materials and tools.

How to properly connect a heating battery? The process of installing the radiator itself does not take much time and effort. First of all, you need to install the battery mounts. Their number and location directly depends on the number of radiator sections. Next, we connect the pipes, install the radiator itself and connect everything. Let's look at an example of how to connect a heating radiator using polypropylene pipes.

Heating system options

The most common and popular are single-pipe and two-pipe heating systems. Let's take a closer look at each of them and the correct connection of heating batteries in each case.

The single-pipe heating system is used today mainly for multi-storey buildings.

The hot coolant spreads through the pipes from top to bottom, evenly distributed throughout all heating devices. Such a system is quite easy to install and requires relatively small quantity materials. But at the same time, it also has a number of disadvantages:

there is no possibility of adjusting the degree of heating of individual radiators;
on the lower floors the temperature of the batteries can be significantly lower than on the upper floors, since the coolant reaches them already cooled down;
in the event of a breakdown on any floor, the entire riser is switched off;
It is quite difficult to disconnect from the system to install autonomous heating.

A two-pipe heating system is most often used to create heating in private houses and cottages. It involves connecting two pipes to the radiator at once: one carries hot coolant to the battery, and the other drains cooled water. It is important to take into account that all radiators in a two-pipe system are connected only in parallel.

A two-pipe heating system has several significant advantages. First of all, the temperature of all radiators will always be equal, no matter how far from the boiler they are installed.

In addition, with this type of system, it is possible to adjust the degree of heating of each individual radiator - this allows you to create the maximum comfortable temperature in every room.

A heating system of this type includes the following elements:

radiator with a valve at the top and a plug at the bottom;
radiator plugs;
valve with thermostat;
bypass;
shank;
stopcock;
couplings and locknuts;
heating pipes (metal, polypropylene).

It should be noted that the same set of components, with the exception of a valve with a thermostat and a bypass, is suitable for installing a single-pipe heating system.

Types of connection of pipes and radiators

Connecting heating batteries can be:

lateral - this connection of the battery to the heating system is the most common. With this type of connection, the pipe with the hot coolant is supplied to the upper branch pipe, and the return pipe is connected to the lower one. That is, both pipes are located on the same side of the radiator. This connection of heating batteries is the most productive - it results in the least heat loss. However, you should not use such a connection for heating radiators, the number of sections of which is more than 15.
diagonal connection heating batteries – used for fairly long batteries. With this type, the pipe with the hot coolant is connected to the upper radiator pipe on one side, and the cooled coolant outflow pipe is connected to the lower pipe on the other side. This connection of the heating radiator allows the coolant to spread throughout the radiator as evenly as possible. It is important to consider that if you choose a diagonal connection of heating radiators among themselves, but at the same time the supply hot water is carried out through the lower pipe, and the outflow through the upper, the efficiency of the system will decrease by about 10%.
bottom connection heating radiators. It is used only when the heating pipes are hidden under the floor. The efficiency of radiators connected in this way is approximately 10% lower than those connected by the side method.

Types of radiators for piping

Before you start creating a heating system and before connecting the radiators, you need to determine what types of radiators you want to use. Today there are a huge number of types of batteries. They may differ in:

material;
the principle of how to connect a heating battery;
wall mounting method.

Today the most common types of radiators are:

– are a relatively thin panel of flat steel plates. How to properly connect a heating radiator of this type? Radiators of this type are connected from the side or bottom.

Steel panel batteries

sectional radiators. Lightweight sectional model made of aluminum (there are also bimetallic radiators of this type). How to properly connect the heating batteries in this case? Such batteries can be connected in several sections or one at a time. For such radiators, it is best to use polypropylene pipes, the connection type is lateral.

About connecting bimetal in the article: Connecting bimetallic heating radiators.

It is noteworthy that recently in apartments with central heating they are increasingly installing bimetallic batteries, abandoning cast iron. The reason for this change is due to a number of reasons. First of all, cast iron radiators are heavier and bulkier. Moreover, due to poor quality water, used as the coolant of the heating system, sediment quickly forms in such radiators, sand and rust appear - and these factors significantly contribute to a decrease in the heat transfer of radiators. WITH bimetallic radiators no such problems arise.

For a private home you can choose panel radiators. They can be either aluminum or steel - it all depends on the customer’s wishes.

The main thing is to comply with all rules during installation. It is important to remember that if you have a copper pipeline, then you can connect both steel and aluminum radiators. And if the pipeline is made of ordinary pipes, only aluminum batteries are allowed to be installed.

What is needed to connect radiators

Creating a heating system is enough difficult process. Meanwhile, by following all the rules and a clear sequence of work, even a beginner can handle it. How to connect a heating battery correctly? The main thing is attention. For high-quality installation and connection of radiators, some components are required. In particular:

adapters with right and left threads (fittings);
tools for high-quality screwing of adapters;
plugs, manual air vent, key for bleeding air, adapters;
shut-off valves, ball valves, valves;
pipes.

Tying with polypropylene pipes - implementation principle

Recently, polypropylene pipes have become increasingly popular. Of course, the correct connection of heating radiators and piping can be done with any other pipes, but most professionals still recommend choosing these.

For piping, it is most rational to use polypropylene corner ball valves - they are much easier to install, and their cost is relatively low.

Tying with polypropylene pipes is carried out as follows:

a coupling with a union nut is inserted into the multiflex, connecting to any output;
Pipes are fixed to the wall using pre-attached brackets. It is important that they do not touch the wall, but are 2-3 cm from its surface.

The advantage of polypropylene pipes is that they can be laid in the wall itself, and the edge of the pipe required for piping is brought out in close proximity to the radiator. A variety of fasteners can be used to secure batteries. Most often, professionals use a pin connection for this purpose that is fixed to the wall surface. If you want to hang radiators, use regular brackets for this. A small clarification - panel batteries are (mostly) sold complete with fasteners. But for sectional radiators, the mount must be purchased separately

We already practically know how to properly connect a heating radiator. The taps are connected as follows:

initially the crane must be disassembled;
a fitting with a union nut is screwed into the radiator;
Using a special wrench, tighten the nut.

To properly perform such a simple, and at the same time, quite important action, you will need to use a special wrench - without it you will not be able to tighten the “American” properly.

In addition to this key, during installation and piping of radiators, as well as during how to connect two heating batteries, you will also need:

seals;
a set of keys;
tow;
thread paste;
threads for carving.

Features of radiator installation

When installing heating radiators and when connecting the heating radiator, the requirements specified in SNiP should be strictly observed. In particular, this applies to maintaining the required distance between the radiator and the wall, floor and window sill:

the distance from the top of the radiator to the window sill must be at least 10 cm. If the specified gap is lower, this may make it difficult to move heat flow– thus, the room will warm up worse;
the distance from the bottom of the radiator to the floor should be at least 12 cm. If it is smaller, there is a risk of a significant increase in the temperature difference at different heights of the room;
distance from back wall the radiator to the wall must be at least 2 cm. Otherwise, the heat transfer of the radiator will be impaired.

It is also important to take into account that the installation method and how to properly connect heating radiators also affect the quality of heating the room. So, possible options for installing radiators:

V open form under the windowsill - maximum efficiency heating systems – 96%-97%;
in an open form in a niche – the efficiency is slightly lower – 93%;
in a partially closed form – there is a decrease in efficiency to 88%;
completely closed – heating efficiency is only 75%-80%.

Tying a heating radiator and how to properly connect a heating battery can be done using various types pipes The main thing is strict compliance with all specified requirements and rules. If the radiator connection is made without errors, the heating system will not require repairs for many years. Now we know how best to connect heating radiators - but it’s even better to ask professionals about this.

Warmth and comfort in the house are created not only by trusting relationships between household members and good cushioned furniture. The most important source of this (in physical terms) is actually properly equipped and productively working. And this is not only the boiler and pipes, but also the radiators connected to them. It is they who will heat the rooms as much as possible, releasing the accumulated heat. You can’t just connect them to the pipes - this is a task that requires care and certain knowledge. And the connection diagram for heating radiators in a common heating circuit can be different. How to install , You can read in our article.

How is a house heated?

A heating radiator or, as this element of the heating system is commonly called, a battery, is a series of sections united into a single structure, inside of which there are cavities filled with water. Liquid is supplied to the radiator through a pipeline from one edge of the device - there is a special “socket” designed specifically for introducing hot water. Next, the coolant begins to circulate through the battery, passing through all its sections and heating the metal from which they are made. The heated walls of the device, in turn, begin to give off heat to external environment, which is the air in the house - this is how rooms are heated. "About how it works , You can read in our article.”

While cooling, the coolant that has passed through the sections of the radiator leaves it through another end socket and returns through the pipeline (“return”) to the main heat source (boiler), where heating occurs again. Then the hot water is sent back around the heating system.

Radiators can be made from various metal– their ability to retain heat and heat the room will largely depend on this.

Table. Types of heating radiators.

Type of equipment	Description
	Made, as the name suggests, from cast iron, they are used for central heating premises for various purposes. Have high thermal power- even small cast iron radiator warms up the room well. Such a battery can withstand exposure to water and resists corrosion well, and is therefore durable. The cast iron radiator is very durable, but has a lot of weight, which makes installation difficult. Also, this equipment is quite expensive, but has a high heat capacity. Another disadvantage of the device is the tendency of the gaskets between the sections to quickly deteriorate compared to the “body” of the battery. Also, over time, such radiators experience a drop in the heat transfer rate - this is due to the formation of plaque inside the sections. Equipment must be painted periodically.
	Radiators made of low-carbon steel, which is not afraid of corrosion, can be panel, sectional, or tubular. The first type is a panel in the form of a large rectangle, consisting of two sheets of steel welded to each other, between them there are channels through which water moves. Sometimes such a battery may consist of several similar “sheets” connected together. Typically, the steel in these devices is powder coated and phosphated. Radiators of this type are afraid of water hammer, inner part prone to rust. Sectional steel batteries They are similar to cast iron, but the sections in them are connected to each other not by threaded elements, but by welding. Tubular steel radiators– the most expensive, have a tubular welded structure.
	This is the most popular type of battery today, since it is inexpensive, and the thermal conductivity of aluminum is very good, due to which it is achieved high efficiency equipment. In addition, such radiators are light, compact, and have a high operating pressure and good heat transfer rate. The main disadvantage is the tendency to corrosion, especially if the oxide film covering the metal is damaged. It is worth remembering that if the inside of the battery is not coated with a polymer substance, then you cannot turn off the taps on the supply pipes. Aluminum batteries are either solid or sectional.

It’s not enough to buy radiators in a store – they still need to be installed correctly. The fact is that if they are connected incorrectly, they will not work. Therefore, you should familiarize yourself with the connection diagrams for this equipment. There are both single-pipe and double-pipe versions of radiators.

Single pipe system

Typically, this scheme for connecting heating devices is used in multi-storey buildings and is considered the most in a simple way combine equipment into a single system. The coolant here will be supplied sequentially to all connected devices; there will be no separation of pipelines into supply and “return” - the circuit is closed and, as it were, encircles the entire house.

The equipment operates according to a single-pipe scheme as follows: hot water flows from the heat source to the batteries, branching out in some places. As the water passes through sections of equipment, it cools, giving off heat, and leaves the batteries, falling back into the same pipeline. Having reached the vertical section, it returns to the heater, and then, having accumulated thermal energy, goes around the second round.

It is important to know that with this connection scheme, heat is distributed unevenly through the radiators - the fact is that water as a coolant reaches the last radiators, having already partially lost thermal energy. That is, the further the radiators are from the heat source according to the diagram, the more cooled the coolant reaches them.

Attention! The main disadvantage of a single-pipe connection scheme is the lack of ability to adjust the heat level. Therefore, the heat transfer will be the same as it was foreseen at the project development stage - equal to the design norm.

In a one-pipe system, it is necessary to pump enough high pressure, because of which heating devices wear out faster, and the likelihood of leaks and accidents is quite high.

Two-pipe system

The main difference between this system and the previous one can already be understood by reading its name - here the cooled water from the radiators is not returned to the same pipes, but is discharged through a separate pipeline in the opposite direction. Both pipelines are independent of each other. The batteries are connected in parallel. The main advantage of this connection scheme is that all radiators receive the same amount of heat along with the coolant. It is also possible to adjust the intensity of heat transfer using taps installed at the water inlet into the battery. By the way, the water here is not supplied under pressure - there is no need for this, which means that the number of emergencies and leaks is minimal.

Prices for heating radiators

heating radiators

Place for installing radiators

You can’t just attach a radiator to the wall - the place where it should be located is selected in accordance with certain rules. And this should be taken into account at the planning stage of connecting equipment.

The point is that thanks to correct location The use of batteries in the room also creates a kind of screen, which will additionally protect the room from the penetration of cold air. Therefore, most often radiators can be seen just under the windows - where heat loss is maximum.

Important! Before deciding how the radiators will be connected, you should draw up a diagram of their location. This will allow you to correctly determine the installation distances. The devices must be at a certain distance from the wall - 2 cm, from the floor - 12 cm, from the bottom of the window sill - 10 cm. These standards should not be changed.

Coolant circulation: methods

On a note! Radiator mounts can be slightly adjusted if necessary.

Step 13 Next, we mark out places on the wall where it is necessary to make grooves for laying pipes in it - they will be laid inside the wall. This is done both at the water input site and at the output site, that is, on both sides of the battery.

Step 14 The marked areas are grooved. The radiator is removable for ease of work.

Step 15 The tubes are prepared - the mark at which they are cut is applied as shown in the image.

Step 16 The radiator and faucet are connected by a tube to a soft line, which is laid in the wall. All connections are tightly screwed. The inlet pipe is connected to the top point of the radiator, the outlet pipe to the bottom.

Video - Installation of heating radiators

If you thoroughly study all the connection diagrams and methods of carrying out work, then you can install the heating system, including radiators, yourself. The main thing is to be careful and do everything efficiently. The quality of heating at home will depend entirely on the work carried out correctly.

Many homeowners are not happy with the heating efficiency of their apartment. This issue becomes especially acute during severe cold weather. Sometimes poor heating is associated with a worn-out radiator. In this case, replace heating structure for more productive and powerful equipment. Today, ceramic, bimetallic, and ceramic radiators are available for sale. But cast iron models remain the most reliable and durable. If the battery is in excellent condition, it is not advisable to change it. In this case, you can add sections to the radiator. This article is devoted to how to increase the heating battery.

At the moment, there are several radiator connection schemes.

Experts say that an incorrectly chosen circuit can lead to 50% of the heat being lost.

If additional sections are connected incorrectly, the system will heat up unevenly. And the slightest mistake or defect can cause leaks and breakthroughs. Therefore, it is important to know how to properly connect heating radiators and perform the work carefully and carefully.

Methods for connecting radiators are given below:

It should be noted that serial connection heating radiators is the most reliable and economically justified. The easiest method to implement is to install one common coolant supply channel.

What is required to expand the battery?

Before connecting the heating radiator, you need to calculate how many sections need to be installed for more efficient heating premises. And purchase required amount additional sections. It is better to choose cast iron.

Also, before properly connecting the heating radiators, you should prepare everything necessary tools, purchase some materials:

How to connect the battery?

Without understanding how to connect heating batteries, without knowing the operating principle of the heating system, you will not be able to properly expand the radiator.

Preparatory work

The first step is to carry out preparatory work. This includes removing the radiator. It is necessary to remove the sections that are planned to be built up.

The battery must be cleaned, rust, dust and dirt removed.

You should inspect the threaded hole that connected the structure to the pipe. There may be growths here. They must be removed using sandpaper. Otherwise, the intersection gasket will not be installed airtight. And this can lead to the heating system leaking.

Attaching sections

Next, the sections are joined. The connected sections are placed tightly against the battery. They make a gasket. Using a radiator wrench, measure the distance to the nipple. The nipple is inserted into the battery to the marked length. Use a pipe wrench to turn the radiator wrench. Then the nipple is wrapped into two opposite sections. Make 3 turns with the radiator wrench. Similar actions are performed with the lower part of the battery.

Next, paronite gaskets and side plugs are taken and installed in the battery. In this case, a pipe wrench is used. The main thing is to tighten it very tightly to create a reliable, airtight structure. The section is attached to the radiator. The remaining sections are connected in a similar manner.

Mounting the radiator to the wall

After all additional sections are attached, it is carried out. To do this, install hooks at the level of the battery location. The structure is being hung. All joints are fixed using fittings. Take a puff wrench. All joints are treated with sealant. Recently, special ones have appeared on sale adhesive tapes for pipes

Test work

The resulting structure is inserted into the pipe at one end and into the battery at the other. The connections are tightened tightly with a wrench. When installation of the fitting is completed, waterproofing is carried out.

After the assembly of the heating batteries is completed, the system is inspected for defects. If everything is in order, it is carried out trial run coolant. The first time the water is released under reduced pressure. This allows you to detect where the connection is poor and leaking. If leaks are detected, the water is turned off and work begins to eliminate the problem. The second time the coolant is started under normal pressure.

After you have succeeded in connecting the heating battery, you need to let the radiator run for several hours. And after this time, check the condition of pipes, fittings, batteries.

Which battery connection scheme should I choose?

Since heating radiators can be connected to each other using different schemes, let's consider which one is more convenient and effective.

Series connection of radiators is most often used. Because it provides high level reliability. Requires minimal maintenance. Technical costs are low. Using this scheme, you can connect up to four batteries. The heating device is connected to the system from below. If radiators or pipes sag, it is necessary to install spacers.

The only disadvantage when connecting batteries according to this scheme is large heat losses. When water enters the top of the system, the battery cools by about 7 degrees. The latest radiators will heat the apartment worse. The temperature difference between the near and far batteries can reach 18 degrees. Thus, the room will warm up unevenly. But this problem You can decide to install an additional electric boiler.

One of the most important factors comfort in the house, especially in winter, is warmth. It can only be ensured competently arranged system heating system that is both efficient and economical. Achieving such a balance will only help the right approach to the selection of the optimal heating system scheme for a particular room and the correct connection of batteries. Otherwise, the efficiency of radiators will be only 50-70% of the maximum possible power. We will try to analyze all the options for connecting heating radiators and the method of their installation.

The type of connection depends on the heating system used (natural or forced circulation, two-pipe or ) and on the building structure.

The following connection types are distinguished:

Each of them, in addition, can be implemented with or without a bypass.

Lateral (one-sided) connection

This scheme involves connecting the outlet and inlet pipes on one side of the heating device. The coolant, as a rule, enters the upper pipe and is discharged through the lower one. The circuit is distinguished by fairly small heat losses (no more than 5%) and ensures uniform heating of each section of the radiator. According to statistics, side connection of heating radiators is the most common option in multi-storey buildings, connected to central system heating.

The popularity can easily be explained by the convenience and low cost of installation with decent heat dissipation from the batteries. This scheme is most effective in, as well as when using radiators with no less than 10 and no more than 15 sections. Increasing the number of sections will sharply reduce the efficiency of the battery, since the coolant will not be able to effectively heat the sections furthest from the pipes.

Diagonal (cross) connection

In a cross circuit, the inlet pipe is connected at the top of the heating device, and the outlet pipe is connected at the bottom, and on the opposite side. This scheme is the answer to the question of those who are interested in which connection of heating radiators is better in terms of heat transfer, since the coolant is distributed evenly over the entire area of the battery. The diagonal connection is considered the most effective, and radiator manufacturers in the product data sheet link the rated power of the device to the diagonal system.

It allows you to reduce heat loss by up to 2%. Diagonal connections are especially in demand with 10-12 or more sections in heating devices. The scheme also has a number of disadvantages:

not very aesthetically pleasing;
excess pipe consumption;
inconvenient and time-consuming installation.

Despite obvious advantages, due to the last two minuses construction companies They practically do not use such heating connections in their apartment complexes.

Bottom connection: saddle and vertical

In the post-Soviet space, the lower scheme is often called the “Leningradka”. The saddle version of the lower connection involves installing the inlet pipe on one side of the lower part of the device, and the outlet pipe on the other side of the lower part. Overall this is the least effective method connections among all, since the upper part of the radiator warms up noticeably worse, and heat loss reaches 15%. However, this is only true in relation to multi-storey buildings with a large total length of pipes and a huge number of radiators.

Saddle connection of heating batteries in a private house with autonomous pumping system reduces heat loss to acceptable levels. The main application area of the saddle system is one-story houses, the pipes of which are laid inside the floor. An undeniable advantage of the scheme is the aesthetics of the heating device due to the almost invisible pipes.

The second subtype of lower connection is a vertical diagram. It is rarely used and only for those types of radiators that have a bottom connection. The pipes in such batteries are located next to each other in one of the lower corners of the device. A special locking and connecting unit is used for connection. The advantages of a vertical scheme are appearance(pipes are even more invisible than in a saddle design) and saving pipes. The disadvantages are uneven heating and the resulting low efficiency.

In general, both methods of connecting heating batteries are the least effective of all.

Bypass connection

In the case where a series connection of heating radiators (single-pipe) is used, to be able to regulate the temperature in each room, a special jumper is installed - a bypass. The bypass is located between the inlet and outlet pipes of the radiator and allows the coolant to move even if the valves on the devices are closed. To better distribute the water flow between the bypass and the radiator, the bypass is made from a pipe of smaller diameter than the main pipes. Piping a radiator in such a system involves installing two valves - on the inlet and outlet pipes.

A much less popular version of the scheme is to install only one three-way valve at the junction of the bypass with the riser.

Radiator installation

Before purchasing and installing heating appliances for your home, it will be useful for the owner to learn about how a heating battery works, the principle of operation of a heating battery, their classification by design (sectional, plate, tubular, panel), volume and material of manufacture (cast iron, steel , aluminum, copper, bimetallic). In general, bimetallic panel and sectional radiators are considered the most optimal, albeit expensive, option.

Necessary equipment and materials

When the heating devices have been purchased and the connection diagram has been selected, you can begin installation. Whatever the devices, proper connection of a heating radiator is impossible without the following (common for all types of pipes and batteries) set of tools:

Among the materials needed for connection:

For the need for additional tools and materials are influenced by the methods of connecting heating radiators and the material of the pipes. Before properly connecting the heating battery to metal pipe welding method, you will have to acquire a gas welding machine and, of course, the skill to work with it.

If you plan to connect to threaded connections, you will need to purchase:

To connect radiators to metal-plastic pipes you will need:

If the owner is wondering how to properly connect heating radiators to polypropylene pipes, he will need to get:

Installation procedure

So, the apartment owner purchased tools, Consumables and the heating radiator itself, how to connect it to the heating system?

The installation procedure is generally similar for all types of devices:

It is also necessary to remember: if the radiator is new, plastic film It is not recommended to remove it until installation is complete. This will prevent scratches and dirt during installation.

Summer is a traditional season not only for vacations, but also for installing heating systems. In our latitudes reliable support heat is the first issue when building and renovating a house. It is solved in the following order:

choice of heating system;
location identification;
choosing a heating radiator connection diagram;
selection of class, type and model of devices.

There are two ways to install water heating: one-pipe and two-pipe. Let's take a closer look at them.

Model one

In a single-pipe heating system, the coolant heated in the boiler rises upward and, displacing the column cold water, arrives one by one to all heating devices. And then lowers, entering the boiler for subsequent heating. The method is economical and is often used for heating multi-storey buildings.

Advantages and disadvantages

The advantages of this scheme are ease of installation and low pipe consumption. However, there are significant disadvantages:

when several radiators are connected in series, the difference in temperature between the first and last will be significant;
The heat supply is not regulated. Heat dissipation single pipe system determined by the design norm laid down in the project;
Only bottom connection of batteries is possible.

Methods for overcoming shortcomings

There are a number of techniques to compensate for the disadvantages of a single-pipe system:

each subsequent unit must consist of more sections than the previous one;
you can increase the number of batteries in the room;
be the first to connect the rooms with the greatest heat losses;
install valves when connecting radiators diagonally;
equip the system with a circulation pump.

Model two

With a two-pipe system, hot water is supplied through one pipe, and cooled water is discharged through the other. In this type of circuit, heating devices are connected in parallel.

pros

The advantages of this connection scheme are the following factors:

all heating devices heat up equally;
It is possible to install valves in front of the radiators to regulate the amount of coolant supplied.

There are only two disadvantages of the system: a larger number of pipes are required for the installation of risers and supply lines, and, accordingly, the labor costs for installing the system are higher.

Arrangement

The exact number of radiator sections is determined during thermal engineering calculations. A correctly performed calculation will make up for heat loss and increase energy efficiency. Basic data for calculation - heat loss value for each separate room and heat dissipation power of the battery section.

Let's consider the calculation of sections using the example of Condor radiators

The total heat output of the batteries must compensate for the heat loss. Also during the calculation, the required pipe cross-section for each section of the system is determined. Exist standard options placement of heating devices.

Placement principles

It would be correct to place additional radiators in corner rooms and on the outermost floors: heat loss in these rooms is much higher than in the middle of the building. This is due to the presence of surfaces in contact with the external environment: cold walls of corner rooms, floors and ceilings of the outermost floors.

The traditional location of radiators is under windows, the main sources of heat loss. This allows you to create protection (screen) from cold air.

The heat lost through the light openings as a result of air exchange is immediately replenished, thereby preventing drafts and significant temperature changes.

Options

They do not affect the arrangement of batteries: they are installed according to building regulations. The main thing is to ensure effective air circulation around the battery. This will allow more heat to be transferred from the coolant to the room.

Parameters for the location of radiators in a niche, ensuring normal air circulation:

10 cm from the bottom of the window sill;
12 cm from floor level;
5 cm – gap between the unit and the wall or thermal insulation layer.

Circulation

The coolant of the heating system - water - can circulate naturally or forcedly. occurs due to displacement by a column warm water cold coolant - this happens according to the laws of physics.

Natural circulation

This correct solution where there are frequent power outages, as it is energy independent. Branch length natural system circulation is limited. To operate a forced heating system, it is necessary to install a pump near the heating boiler or to have a pump in its structure itself.

Techniques for forced circulation

The connection of heating radiators depends on the length of the heating main and the characteristics of its passage. In the presence of circulation pump The following schemes can be applied:

one-sided;
sitting;
diagonal;
lower

First type

Lateral or one-way connection assumes that the inlet pipe (supply) and outlet pipe (return) are mounted on one side of the radiator (to one section). The lateral connection is effective when the number of sections is no more than 15. The disadvantage is poor circulation in the distant sections, as well as rapid clogging, which will further aggravate the situation.

Diagonally

Diagonal connection of heating radiators can provide heat to batteries with big amount sections. Feed is carried out from above, removal is carried out from below diagonally. This scheme ensures uniform distribution of coolant inside the radiator and maximum heat transfer. A plug is installed in the lower pipe of the section into which water is supplied, and a Mayevsky tap is installed diagonally.

Heat loss with diagonal connection does not exceed 2%. When indicating battery power, this type of connection is meant. The only drawback diagonal connection - appearance: pipes fit on both sides and are difficult to hide.

Sedentnoe

Side connection of heating radiators is carried out in cases where the heating pipeline is hidden under the floor. The supply and return pipes are connected with different sides to the lower branch pipes of the sections. The disadvantage of this option is uneven distribution coolant, and, as a result, low heat transfer.

Despite significant heat losses - 10-15% - this connection is used quite often due to the ability to hide almost all pipes. Bottom connection similar to the seat one, but the supply and return pipes are located side by side at the bottom of the radiator. The efficiency of this scheme is even lower than the previous one.

Application

All of the above schemes can be applied in a private home. If desired, you can use two heating sources: a boiler built into the stove and a gas or electric boiler, which is connected in parallel.

Installation

Let's consider the correctly executed sequence of installation of a single-pipe heating system in a private house:

installation of a heating boiler;
finishing the walls where the battery is installed, thermal insulation if necessary;
installation of radiators on walls;
determination of places for attaching pipes and tapping branches;
filling the system with water and performing a test run.

The connection of heating radiators can be flow-through and with closing sections. The first method is simpler, requires less materials and labor, and is used for small systems. The second method allows you to regulate the coolant supply for each individual radiator, but requires the installation of additional bypass sections - bypasses. Additional shut-off valves are also required here.