Careful planning will help ensure profitability of any agricultural activity. Only a clear representation of f financial, labor and other prospects will give results. What is a business plan for agriculture, how it is correctly drawn up and what the concept includes, we will tell our readers.
The value of a business plan in entrepreneurship
Any agro-company, starting its activities, must clearly understand what financial investments are needed, know the source of labor and intellectual resources.
It is important to understand the main objectives and goals of planning even before drawing up the plan. 
Goals and objectives of the business plan
Planning is a working tool of an already operating company or just a newly formed one, on which all activities are based. The main goals and objectives of the business plan include the following:
- Planning is the core of a prospective and already operating business, it helps to understand and calculate the profitability and return on investment of the project.
- With the help of the developed documentation, the subtleties of the company's activities are revealed. It will become easier to carry out management work.
- A well-designed business plan will help attract investment and ensure profit.
- Provides the entrepreneur with an understanding of the entire market of the chosen niche: competitors, risks.
- Will help you calculate the estimated investment and coordinate costs.
- Planning is a source of advertising for a start-up company (it is more profitable for an investor to invest in a project that is understandable and presented to them correctly).
- The document will help to avoid mistakes and serve as insurance for a start-up company against various economic risks.
Drawing up a plan is a creative process that requires knowledge from an entrepreneur in the field of economics, management, marketing, and accounting. A professionally drawn up business plan for agriculture allows an entrepreneur to fully control and forecast his activities for several years ahead.
What does agricultural planning include?
Depending on the type entrepreneurial activity in the agro niche, a plan can have different chapters. They have sub-chapters and can be adjusted as the economic situation changes and the types of activities expand. 
The main components of a business plan:
- Title page with a table of contents.
- Summary.
- Activity history (for an already operating business).
- Description of the services provided or the type of activity.
- Assessment of the branch to which the activity belongs.
- Strategy for working in a competitive environment and identifying the main competitors.
- Production plan.
- Marketing plan.
- Financial plan.
- Development proposals and possible risks.
Let's take a closer look at each stage of planning.
Title page with table of contents
Any documentation should start with title page from the table of contents. The page should give a clear idea of what kind of planning is in question and for whom the document is drawn up. For example: Business plan of the dairy farm "Zoryushka".
Business plan summary
A resume is a short introduction to your business. It includes all the ideas and guidelines for planning. According to the rules, a resume has three main blocks:
- introduction ( short description essence of the project, goal);
- main part (short description of significant key points, forecasting demand, financing and its sources);
- conclusion (prospects, cost-effectiveness, possible course of action and methods).
The executive summary should give a clear understanding of the entire document. The main task of the resume is to attract the reader to the business plan. After reading the summary, the reader should want to familiarize himself with the entire document, to understand the essence of the project. The resume is made briefly, without unnecessary digressions and trifles. The main thing is to draw attention to the project. It depends on the resume whether investors are interested in business or not. We can say that this is the face of the whole project.
Activity history
The chapter is being drawn up for an already operating company. In the section they emphasize the merits of the company, highlight the merits. The history of the company's creation and its role in the market is described. Despite its simplicity, the section is important for understanding what the company is and what it has already achieved.
Particular attention is paid to the management of the company. You can mention in the section honored workers, talk about the team in general.
Description of the type of activity, services, products
In the section, it is important to present the product or services that the company will be engaged in, with better side... Describe the product in detail from all sides, highlight its competitiveness. Investing companies are interested in the potential of a product or service. The subtleties and features of a product or service are described, how they differ from competitors, why it is better and more interesting. 
Is being done comparative analysis and is revealed life cycle goods. The motives for which the buyer wants to use your product or service are singled out separately. If a product is described, then pay attention to its packaging. Any little things are important: design, features.
The score has grown as a whole
Analysis of the environment in which the company will develop, its superiority and prospects. So, if you decide to start breeding cows, then you need to analyze the neighboring farms and the industry as a whole in your region. 
The section reflects the market with its size, state. An analysis of potential buyers is given. How does an external or internal impact on the market condition in a given industry. Seasonality, fluctuations are characterized. Only by analyzing the market can one assess the company's competitiveness.
Analysis of competitiveness and identification of major competitors
To analyze the competitiveness of a product or service, you need to highlight the main competitors of the company. Large competitors stand out in the industry they occupy on several grounds:
- Companies holding leading positions in sales in the industry in question.
- They have been working for over 2 years.
- They have an extensive base of regular customers.
- They can afford to provide significant discounts to their customers.
Identifying competitors describes the strategy of the company in a competitive environment with specific actions.
Company production planning
In the part of the production description, suppliers and work with them are described. The production capacity that is required for the operation of the company, which is already available. The entire production process, costs and technologies are described in detail.
Special attention is paid to raw materials and materials that are necessary to ensure smooth operation companies.
If necessary, the equipment used is listed, a list is drawn up with full description where it will be purchased and when. What qualifications are needed for specialists to work on the equipment.
Marketing plan
In marketing analysis, a characteristic is given to all market issues. Are characterized by potential clients, their material capabilities. Clients are divided into groups, focusing on the following characteristics: age, gender, financial situation.
The market segmentation is revealed, the part for which the company can apply is analyzed. Sales are described, prices for services or goods are planned.
Financial plan
The financial part of the business plan includes:
- balance sheet for profit;
- balance sheet for losses;
- forecasting the movement of financial flows.
The balance is compiled in the form of a table and shows the sources of financial influences and their location. It is planned where the profit will be spent and how to reduce costs in case of losses. An important point: accounting should be supplemented with reports every quarter. The financial plan is recalculated and changed under the influence of internal and external influences: inflation, crisis, rising prices. 
It is important in the financial part to show the transparency of all influences and their distribution. If a company takes on debt obligations, then they are reflected in financial terms: the amount of payments, terms.
Costs for staff training and professional development, salaries and taxation are calculated.
Prospects and risks
The section predicts risks in detail and describes various options for getting out of them. A risk mitigation strategy is essential for any investor. The more risks are analyzed, the fewer unforeseen situations will arise in future work.
It tells what plans for the development of the company are supposed to be, how to implement them. You can calculate several different options development and move one by one, chosen by the leadership. 
A professionally written agricultural business plan should have an appendix in the form of diagrams and tables. The main task of a business plan is not only to help the entrepreneur and develop a strategy with step by step guide, but also to interest investors. Serious entrepreneurs will not invest their finances in a company with an unclear business plan.
Top most successful business plans in agriculture can be viewed in the video:
Can you draw up a business plan yourself?
Draw up a business plan for agriculture without having a few higher education impossible. A whole team of specialists works in the companies to draw up the documentation. You can make short sketches and present an idea yourself, and draw up detailed plan only professionals can. The price for drawing up a business plan in large cities starts from 35,000 rubles. Depends on the amount of work, accuracy. You can download a ready-made business plan on the Internet, but it will not take into account the individual characteristics of your business. The financial side, the production side. Competitors must be calculated individually in each case.
There are no related posts.
Attention! The free business plan offered for download below is a rough guide. Business plan, the best way appropriate to the conditions of your business, you need to create with the help of specialists.
Before drawing up a business plan for a peasant farm, you need to choose the direction in which you will conduct your activities. You can, for example, start growing:
- - grain crops (millet, buckwheat, barley and oats, sunflower and corn);
- - greens (dill, garlic);
- - fruits and berries (cherries, pears, strawberries);
- - vegetables (tomatoes, peppers, eggplants).
If you don't like growing, then you can write a business plan for a farm, where breeding will be the main focus of your activity. You can breed the following animals:
- - birds (geese, turkeys, layers, ostriches);
- - bees;
- - pigs and goats, rabbits and cows;
- - fish (silver carp, carp, carp, pike).
Let's dwell, for example, on pig breeding, because the idea of creating a pig farm is perceived by many as one of the best. Before you start to implement your plans, you should seriously approach the preparation of a business plan.
This will make it much easier for you to plan all the necessary investments.
If you are new to this business, then it is difficult to draw up a farming business plan yourself.
The sample posted on our website will help in solving this difficult task.
It is possible to recoup the investments that were necessary in order to establish your own farm only after the implementation of two or even three generations of pigs.
First you need to start building a pigsty, but since this is a very costly and long-term business, it is best to rent it, because we have plenty of empty farms.
Of course, you cannot do without repairs, but after all, you will not have to start from scratch, and this is already important.
It is necessary to establish a ventilation system and take care of heating the pig farm.
Next, you should purchase equipment designed for feeding pigs. It can be divided into dry and liquid feeding equipment. It is best to dwell on the first one, it is not so expensive and, moreover, its use has a more loyal effect on the sanitary and hygienic condition of your pigsty.
In addition to ordinary feeders, you also need to buy drinkers, livestock products. In order to keep pigs, you will need both machine tools and feed loaders.
You can easily download the approximate business plan of a farm you need from us, but first you need to familiarize yourself with how much approximately you need to buy livestock to create a real pig farm.
In total, you should buy at least 300 heads, and better - about 350. You need to buy somewhere 150 sows, as well as about 10 boars, the rest will be for sale.
It is necessary to choose females and males from completely different suppliers - this is a guarantee that you will not allow relative mating. Otherwise, the young will be too weak.
Good to know!
We respect your choice, but we want to remind you that the least risky, relatively easy and comfortable start of a business can be organized under the wing of a successful company on a franchise basis. We invite you to get acquainted with.
Why starting a business with a franchise is easier and more convenient, you can find out from the selection of articles published in the section:
For 350 pigs, at least 30-35 tons of grain are needed, as well as feed additives - 300 kg. It is best to take feed from trusted experienced pig breeders. Always approach it with particular seriousness, because the health of the animals depends on it.
Already ready-made business plan the farm necessarily includes the estimated amount of total costs. In order to serve a herd of 350 heads, it is necessary to spend about 4-5 million rubles, taking into account the lease of a pig farm.
These costs will also include the purchase of feed and payment of wages to 7 employees (handyman, manager, livestock specialist, accountant and veterinarian). The equipment will cost about 2 million rubles.
- The profitability is 25%.
- The pig farm will pay for itself in 3-4 years.
If you are not seduced by this business, you can go into sheep farming, raising rabbits, or growing peppers. In any case, for the right approach you will soon receive the long-awaited financial profit.
Watch the video: "Business Secrets: Oskar Hartmann"
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Growth in popularity healthy eating entails an increase in demand for natural farm products. The increase in the number of farm stores once again proves this trend, which means that the demand for the products of their suppliers (farms) will only grow.
According to statistics, the share of small farms from 2006 to 2016 increased from 47.35 to 67 percent. This confirms the trend of development of small enterprises in agriculture.
In addition, market analysis shows that the imposed sanctions against Russia have become an impetus for the development of this segment of the economy. This, in turn, influenced the market situation, because over the past two years, there has been a steady increase in competition.
Farming - pretty cost-effective view business at correct organization... There are a number of reasons for this: first, the tax burden in this industry is lower than in many others. Secondly, if you wish, you can get subsidies for organizing a business, since the state is interested in the development of farms. Thirdly, our country has the necessary natural conditions to start a business in this industry.
The initial investment amount is 6 552 500 rubles.
Break-even point reached on the sixth month of work.
Payback period: 24 months.
Average net profit: 280 831 rubles.
2. Description of the business, product or service
Before you start organizing a project, you need to decide on the direction of your activity. The following options are possible:
- raising young cattle for the sale of meat;
- production and sale of milk;
- production and sale of straw and hay;
- growing fruits, vegetables or mushrooms;
- growing grain crops;
- fishing;
- beekeeping.
This business plan will consider a farm that works in the following areas:
- raising cattle and selling meat;
- production and sale of milk.
Farm opening hours are daily, workers can live on the farm (excluding freelance workers).
3. Description of the sales market
The farm products are sold to the following groups of buyers:
- large processing companies in the region;
- wholesale companies;
- farm shops;
- population.
The target audience of the farm is wholesale stores and farm stores, since when small size business will be quite problematic to produce products in gigantic volumes. At the same time, within the framework of this project, the sale of goods to the population will not be carried out, because for this you need to have your own retail outlets, which are not in our project.
4. Sales and Marketing
5. Production plan
Let's consider the main stages of opening a farm.
Registration with government agencies
Peasant farming is a form individual entrepreneurship, the state duty for its registration in 2018 will cost 800 rubles. To sell your products in markets and other retail outlets, you will need to provide documents such as:
- help from veterinarian(since animals will be raised on the farm);
- conclusion of the SES;
- certificates for product compliance with quality standards.
Also in order to sell products in outlets, you will need:
- Permits from Rospotrebnadzor.
- Permission from fire officials.
As a taxation system, it is most profitable to use the unified agricultural tax (USHT). It accounts for 6% of the difference in income and expenses of a farm.
When registering a company in our example, you must specify the following types of OKVED:
OKVED 01.41.1- Breeding of dairy cattle;
OKVED 01.41.21 - Production of raw cow milk
Finding land and preparing it for exploitation
A business starts with a search land plot... To implement the project, the enterprise will need:
- administrative buildings;
- utility buildings.
A farm of our type needs at least 1500 sq. m of land, land prices vary greatly depending on the distance of the land from the city, in our case, 1 square meter will cost 30 rubles. On this territory, it is necessary to place a hangar for keeping cattle, a warehouse for storing feed, a summer enclosure for animals, as well as an administrative building for employees, which will also house a warehouse for storing feed. Finding a ready-made farm with ready-made structures will be problematic, so prepare yourself for the fact that all the necessary buildings and communications will need to be carried out on your own.
It is desirable that the site is located as close as possible to meadows and pastures (this is the natural fodder base of cattle), otherwise the work on the preparation of fodder will be very expensive. In addition, there is a need to locate the site near transport routes, because products will have to be transported, and a strong distance from the road can negatively affect the cost of transportation.
Next, you need to bring communications to the structures (hangar). You will need to connect electricity, water supply and gas. These procedures can take a long time, so you need to take care of them in advance. This stage can take up to 6 months, the cost of implementation will cost a businessman 100-200 thousand rubles.
Purchase of the necessary inventory and equipment
To work, you will need the following list of equipment:
Name | Quantity | Price for 1 piece | total amount |
Farm equipment |
|||
Milking machine | |||
Loader | |||
Conveyor for removing manure and debris | |||
Feed mixer | |||
Stationary feeder | |||
Containers and pallets | |||
refrigerators compartment | |||
Slaughter equipment | |||
Total: | 2 755 000 |
||
Communication equipment |
|||
Lighting system | |||
Heating system | |||
Ventilation system | |||
Total: | |||
Staff equipment |
|||
Microwave | |||
Computer | |||
Total: | |||
Total amount: | 3 297 500 |
||
A lot of work on farms is done with machines, this will save you time and money, so you should attend to the purchase of milking machines, a loader and a conveyor.
Buying animals
The costs of this item can vary significantly depending on the type of animals that you will purchase. A dairy cow (2-3 calving) will cost at least 60 thousand rubles, a heifer from 3 months will cost 10-15 thousand rubles, but she still needs to be raised, and the receipt of finished products can be postponed for about a year. Within the framework of this project, 30 dairy cows, 20 bull calves and 20 young animals will be purchased. Thus, the cost of purchasing animals is at the level of 3,200,000 rubles.
Personnel search
If there are not enough farm members, you will have to hire employees. You will need:
- Vet.
- Slaughterer;
- Auxiliary workers;
- Accountant.
Conclusion of contracts with buyers
The sale of finished products is an important stage in the farming industry, on which all the profit depends. The most favorable development of the event will be the conclusion of an agreement for the supply of products for a chain of stores. Depending on the chosen niche and form of production (individual entrepreneur or LLC), it is possible to use various wholesale and retail sales channels.
Project launch schedule
| Stage / duration of execution, weeks | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
| Registration of peasant farms | ||||||||||||
| Searching for land | ||||||||||||
| Site preparation for operation | ||||||||||||
| Purchase of inventory and equipment | ||||||||||||
| Purchase of animals | ||||||||||||
| Finding and hiring employees | ||||||||||||
| Conclusion of contracts with suppliers |
6. Organizational structure
On a farm, you will need the following employees:
- Vet. His duties include carrying out measures to prevent diseases and death of animals, compliance with the implementation of zoohygienic rules, examination of animals, implementation of therapeutic treatment, acquisition drugs, conducting veterinary and sanitary examination. The veterinarian comes to the farm 3-4 times a week, is on the staff and receives a salary of 30,000 rubles;
- The slaughterer performs all slaughtering and processing operations for meat products. The basic requirements for this specialist: 5+ years of work experience, knowledge of meat cutting technology, the ability to work with a lift and other tools. The slaughterer receives 25,000 rubles, the employee appears on the farm when necessary;
- Ancillary worker is an irreplaceable staff that is always required in farms... Such people should monitor the cleanliness of the farm and in the boxes, control the availability of feed for animals, walk livestock, lead animals to mate, prepare equipment for obtaining dairy products. You will need at least 3 workers, the salary of each is 22,000 rubles.
- An accountant can be hired on a freelance basis, the salary of this employee is 8,000 rubles. The accountant brings together data on the performance of the enterprise, prepares reports for government agencies, calculates the tax base, advises the director on optimization of certain indicators.
- Director - this employee is engaged in the distribution of duties, participation in exhibitions, the conclusion of contracts, the search for clients, obtaining all kinds of permits, the purchase of equipment, the distribution of flows Money. Wage director consists of a salary (25,000 rubles) and a bonus in the amount of 5% of the proceeds.
