Wall-mounted gas boilers independent of electricity. Floor-standing gas boilers are non-volatile. Heating options without the use of electricity and gas

Pros and cons of energy-independent gas boilers

Energy-independent units have many advantages:

1. The main advantage is the lack of dependence on electricity supply.
2. Light weight and compact dimensions that will allow them to fit into any interior.
3. High efficiency, which contributed to increased demand for these models.
4. Work safety.
5. Easy installation and low cost.
6. Mechanical control of all functions ensures energy savings and autonomous operation.

These units are perfect for regions where power outages are not uncommon, and also, due to their compact size, they will fit into small rooms. Non-volatile boilers can be installed at a facility where an autonomous power supply is used, which must be used sparingly.

The disadvantages of the presented boilers include:

1. Some requirements for the heating system: pipes must be mounted at an angle; must be avoided large number highway bends; pipes must have sufficient diameter.
2. The need for a good chimney that provides high-quality draft.
3. It is necessary to ensure high-quality ventilation.
4. The need for sufficient gas pressure in the gas pipeline to maintain the combustion process.

Models of non-volatile wall-mounted boilers

Protherm Cheetah

A popular model of energy-independent wall-mounted double-circuit gas boilers is the Protherm unit Gepard 23 MOV. It has a rated power of 23.3 kW, its efficiency is 90.3%, and the heated area is up to 200 m². This model has a light weight of 31 kg. It is quite compact and easy to install on the wall yourself.

Ferroli Domina N F24

The Ferroli company produces a non-volatile model Domina N F24 with a power of 23.5 kW. This gas boiler has two circuits and a closed combustion chamber. This unit is capable of heating a room of up to 180 m² and has a fairly high efficiency = 93%. The hot water heating system is capable of producing up to 13.5 l/min.

When choosing a non-volatile boiler, you should take into account its features, analyze all the advantages and disadvantages, and then think about whether this unit can work effectively in the conditions of your region. Consider the fact that such a device does not have the convenience of electronic control that boilers powered by electricity have.

Let's figure out how a gas boiler works and consider its main components. Outside there is a casing, at the bottom of which there is a control panel. It contains power buttons, operating mode selection buttons, a pressure gauge and a thermometer. In modern models there is also a screen on which information about the status of the equipment and error codes in case of breakdowns is displayed.

One or two chimney pipes emerge from the top. One is installed in models with an open combustion chamber; it is immediately discharged into the chimney, as in the Immergaz Nike Star E series. Two in devices with a closed combustion chamber, such as Bosch Gaz. By using corrugated pipe they are connected to the coaxial chimney, and then it goes outside.

Below there is a fan to remove combustion products. A primary heat exchanger is installed underneath it. To the left or on back side The housing contains an expansion tank. At the bottom of the heat exchanger there is a combustion chamber, inside which there is a burner, transformer and ignition electrodes.

The lower left side houses the circulation pump, three-way valve and secondary plate heat exchanger (in dual-circuit configurations). To the right is the electronic control board and gas valve.

A pipe with coolant is inserted from below, which is connected to the circulation pump and the inlet to the heat exchanger. A pipe goes down from the heat exchanger to connect to the heating system. Gas is also supplied from below and running water for hot water supply system.

Operating principle

Cold coolant enters the boiler and is directed to the heat exchanger using a circulation pump. If its temperature drops below the one set in the settings, the device should work for heating. Gas is supplied to the burner through the gas valve, and it ignites using ignition electrodes.

A three-way valve switches the operating mode to DHW or heating priority. The fan removes combustion products and provides oxygen into the combustion chamber. The expansion tank is necessary so that coolant enters it when its volume changes due to temperature changes.

When the coolant temperature reaches the level set in the settings, gas stops flowing into the burner and the fire goes out. Sometimes the system has a room thermostat, and then the device will turn on when the room temperature drops.

DHW operation

Smoke removal

In a turbocharged column with a closed combustion chamber, two pipes come out from above. The first of them is an air intake, through which oxygen enters the chamber. The second chimney, through which combustion products escape into the atmosphere. Air circulation is ensured by a fan installed either at the very top or under the burner.

In atmospheric models, only one chimney is installed. The air in the combustion chamber in such devices comes from the room in which it is located.

Protection system

All signals from the safety automation are transmitted to the electronic control board. It is prohibited to independently repair or make changes to the safety system of your home boiler.

Types of boilers and distinctive features

Although both new and old boilers are designed almost identically, there are several fundamental differences depending on the purpose and type of model.

Typically, gas boilers are energy-dependent, for example, Protherm “Cheetah”; they require electricity to operate the circulation pump, ignition and fan. But there are also non-volatile models. Let's look at how a device like the Aton Compact works without electricity. It is mounted with open circuit heating with natural circulation, and ignition is done manually. In order for such a device to work correctly, it is important to comply with all installation requirements.

The devices differ in the material from which the primary heat exchanger is made. It can be steel, copper, cast iron, aluminum and stainless steel. Each of these materials has its own advantages and disadvantages and is selected according to the specific requirements of the consumer. Thus, Conord KCHG series devices are equipped with cast iron heat exchangers with a long service life.

Depending on the installation method, boilers can be wall-mounted, floor-mounted or parapet-mounted. A parapet apparatus, such as the Vulcan “P” series, is always equipped with a closed combustion chamber. It must be installed on external wall premises in order to remove the coaxial chimney through it. Wall-mounted units are more compact, making them suitable for small apartment, and floor-mounted ones with increased power.

Parapet boiler

A number of models can only operate on natural gas, like Keber boilers, and some boilers are also adapted to liquefied gas in cylinders. This is relevant if you plan to heat a room in an area without a centralized gas pipeline.

Single-circuit boilers are intended for heating only. Double-circuit devices are equipped with a bithermic or secondary plate heat exchanger. The second circuit is used to provide DHW.

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Furnaces made of metal and brick - work without electricity or gas

The most convenient type of fuel is natural gas. With its help you can heat any size house, public buildings and even huge production facilities. It is not surprising that the vast majority of private home owners choose gas as a fuel. What to do in cases where there is no way to connect it? Freezing in a country house? Use electric heaters, paying enormous monthly sums for the kilowatts consumed? Of course not! There are many options that make it possible to organize high-quality heating of a private home without the use of gas and electricity.

Heating a country home can be done by:

• heating stoves (made of stone, brick, metal) and fireplaces;
• solid fuel units;
• heat pumps;
• natural renewable heat sources (wind turbines, solar panels).

The easiest way is to build a classic brick stove in your house and use it for heating. It is important to correctly place such a structure in the home. Ideally, it should stand in the center of the house so that its walls open into different rooms. The stove can be heated with coal or wood. The first option is more rational. Coal burns for a long time and produces a large amount of heat. There will be more hassle with firewood. You will have to prepare them yourself or buy them from large quantities, since wood burns very quickly.

Let us immediately note that a common person He is unlikely to be able to build a brick oven with his own hands. Its installation requires the creation of a foundation - a dirty, time-consuming and labor-intensive procedure. Yes and correct masonry It will not be easy for a home craftsman to make one out of brick. A smart alternative to classic heaters are ready-made ovens, made of metal.

Specialized stores offer a chic assortment of cast iron and steel potbelly stoves. They have a high efficiency and great view. Thanks to this, factory-made metal stoves make it possible not only to heat a house economically, but also to make the residential interior original. It is easy to equip both a conventional stove and a ready-made potbelly stove with a coil. It will heat water, which can be supplied to radiators installed in different rooms Houses. With this approach we get economical heating, powered by wood or coal.

Fireplaces can also be used to heat homes. But only if the home has a small area. Big house with many rooms and utility rooms. The fireplace will not be able to heat the rooms. In most cases such heating structures play a decorative role.

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Features of non-volatile boilers

Heating boilers are divided into two large categories - volatile and non-volatile. The first has many advantages:

• More accurate temperature maintenance.
• More service functions.
• Possibility of working according to the program.
• High level of security.

There are also disadvantages - they create additional energy costs, are too fragile electronic stuffing, do not work in the absence of electricity.

It would seem that having a modern double-circuit boiler in your home is cool and convenient. But behind the convenience lies the need to have an auxiliary source of electricity. Such sources are generators and uninterruptible power supplies on batteries. In any case, the consumer will face additional costs for fuel and batteries.

Non-volatile heating boilers can operate without electricity. They use mechanical systems controls that monitor the temperature of the coolant and the operation of all components. Their efficiency indicator may be lower than that of electronic models, but there are also quite energy-efficient models (such distortions are observed in all lines of heating equipment).

Advantages of non-volatile gas boilers:

• No dependence on power sources - if the lights go out in the house, the heating will continue to work.
• A simpler internal structure - without flimsy electronics that are not resistant to power surges.
• They can work for both heating and hot water supply - double-circuit gas boilers are available for sale.
• Possibility of working in houses without electrification - for example, in rural areas or in the outback.

Many people are engaged in the production of non-volatile models famous brands– these are Protherm, Lemax, Baxi, MORA-TOP, Atem, Electrolux and many others. Both floor-standing and wall models, including gas boilers with cast iron heat exchangers.

Popular models

A gas boiler without electricity is a smart choice for those who don’t want to deal with electronics. The formula “no light - no heating” is unacceptable for many consumers, so non-volatile heating equipment was developed for them. Let's look at the most popular and rated models.

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Heating options without the use of electricity and gas

To list all the ways you can heat Vacation home or a dacha, we will assume that electricity is still supplied there. The supplier company has set a small limit on power consumption (3-5 kW), which does not allow electricity to be used as a heat source, but makes it possible to connect heating equipment. When studying each option in detail, we will highlight those that do not require the use of an electrical network.

So, if there is no gas and electricity (sufficient power), then heating for the house can be organized in the following ways:

1. Install a stove or solid fuel boiler connected to a water heating system. Use firewood, coal, fuel briquettes or pellets as an energy source.
2. Arrange autonomous heating with liquefied propane from a ramp with cylinders or a gas holder. The heat source will be a conventional gas boiler or convectors that heat the rooms with warm air.
3. Use diesel fuel and waste oil to generate heat by installing the appropriate equipment.
4. Draw energy from renewable natural sources, using it for alternative heating of a country house solar collectors and a heat pump.

Note. Unfortunately, almost all of these methods become useless when you need to decide how to heat your apartment. We will have to do without liquefied gas and firewood, and liquid fuel is out of the question. There is only one way out - economical heating with electricity using infrared heaters or an air-to-air heat pump (in the southern regions an inverter air conditioner will do).

Let's highlight heat sources that do not require a connection to the house electrical network to operate:

• metal and brick wood stoves, fireplaces;
• solid fuel boilers, equipped with a mechanical draft regulator and working in conjunction with a gravity (gravity) heating system;
• non-volatile floor standing boilers, capable of operating on liquefied gas and connected to a water gravity system with radiators.

To implement other methods, electricity is required, albeit in small quantities. If you do not take into account various home-made devices, then to burn diesel fuel you need a burner with a pump and a fan powered from the mains. The same is the case with all heat pumps and TT boilers with forced air supply, including pellet ones. Now let’s take a closer look at ways to heat a country house or cottage if there is no gas and the electricity supply is limited.

Solid fuel combustion

One of the most common methods for heating a house without gas is the use of coal, firewood and briquettes compressed from various biomass waste (sawdust, straw, sunflower husks, pine needles, and so on). To burn them and obtain the required amount of heat, a variety of furnaces and boilers are used. The former are designed for direct heating of indoor air, the latter work with water systems - radiators or heated floors.

Amendment. In a room where a wood or coal stove is located, heat spreads not only by convection from heating the air, but also by infrared radiation emitted by its heated walls.

Heating stoves come in three types: steel, cast iron and brick. The positive aspects of their operation are as follows:

1. Heating your home with a steel or cast iron stove is the cheapest and easiest way. To install and launch it, it is not necessary to invite specialists; everything can be done with your own hands.
2. A stationary brick stove is capable of heating several rooms, accumulating a large amount of heat in the thickness of the walls.
3. Any of these heat sources can be adapted for cooking, drying clothes and shoes.
4. The design of many stoves includes a water circuit built into the firebox in the form of a tank or coil connected to several radiators located in adjacent rooms. There is a point here: to move the coolant, you need to lay pipes of increased diameter in compliance with the slope (gravity system) or install a circulation pump.
5. Firewood and coal are the cheapest fuels among all energy sources, so heating costs are acceptable for most homeowners.
6. Ovens do not require electricity at all.

Note. A heat source such as a wood fireplace cannot be ruled out. True, it is enough to heat only one room in which it is located.

There were also some negative aspects:

• stove heating of a private house without gas means chopping and carrying firewood, loading it and daily cleaning of ash;
• for the heater to operate, a chimney with good natural draft is required;
• metal stoves are unable to warm up large country cottages; their power is only enough for a country house or 1-2 rooms;
• construction brick oven– the pleasure is not cheap, and a place for it must be provided at the stage of design and construction of the building.

Heating stone or wooden house using a water system with a solid fuel boiler is more economical, since the efficiency of these units is higher (75% versus a maximum of 60% for stoves). Due to this, the combustion duration from one fuel load increases, plus the issue of complete heating of the building by rooms separated is resolved. heating devices. This gives rise to the possibility of heating large areas at home in the absence of gas and regulation of the intensity of heating of the premises.

Otherwise, TT boilers inherit the operating features of furnaces. They also need a chimney, periodic cleaning and loading of new portions of firewood and coal. If we compare the cost, then installing a solid fuel boiler together with the system occupies a middle position between buying a metal stove and building a brick one.

Important point. A water heating unit that runs on wood or briquettes can be installed in any habitable home. If there is not enough space, an extension is made to the building where heating equipment is installed.

Separately, it is worth mentioning automatic pellet boilers, which greatly simplify the life of the homeowner, since they need to be cleaned and fuel added once a week. Another thing is the price of equipment and fuel, and also the increased consumption of electricity. In addition to automation, such heat generators use the following electrical installations:

• feed auger motor;
• electric motor of a fan - blower or smoke exhauster;
• heating element used for automatic ignition of pellets.

The listed elements are installed in a pellet burner and in total consume about 500 W from the mains, which is significant for a private home without gas and with a limited limit on the use of electricity. On the other hand, pellet boilers are more efficient and economical than conventional ones (efficiency - 80% versus 75%), and their operation is more comfortable and safe (automation will prevent the unit from boiling). The question is the financial capabilities of the homeowner and the amount of the allocated electrical power limit.

Heating with liquefied gas

Let us immediately make a reservation that in the absence of main gas and electricity, it is not profitable to use this fuel in all countries of the former USSR. If Russian prices for liquefied propane still allow you to heat houses with it, then in Ukraine this method It is practically not used anywhere because the fuel is too expensive. You can see the exact breakdown of the cost of heating with different energy carriers in this article.

To burn a propane-butane mixture, you will need a regular gas boiler, preferably a non-volatile floor-mounted one, so as not to connect electricity to it. Accordingly, the heating system is water gravity with an open type expansion tank. Gas is supplied to the boiler in two ways - from a ramp with cylinders or from a large underground tank - a gas tank.

When installing and operating the equipment, you will encounter the following points:

1. Installing a gas train with cylinders (at least 4 pieces are required) will be inexpensive, but the cash costs will have to be offset by labor costs. If you live permanently, you will have to worry about transporting and refilling cylinders much more than if you heat your house with wood.
2. Installing a gas tank is a costly undertaking. But as a result, you will get autonomous heating without connecting to the gas main.
3. Liquefied propane is no less efficient and comfortable energy carrier than natural gas, and provides the same advantages during equipment operation.

Advice. It is better to organize heating with cylinders in a small country house, where you visit and stay for 2-3 days. Our experienced expert Vladimir Sukhorukov will tell you more about all the nuances of using liquefied gas in his video:

Diesel fuel – more disadvantages than advantages

As a rule, burning diesel fuel and waste machine oil is implemented in situations where there is nothing else to heat a private house. Sometimes this option is used as a temporary option while the built house is not yet connected to the natural gas main. In this case, you buy a universal gas boiler, temporarily equipped with a diesel burner.

Unpopularity liquid fuel as an energy carrier for heating private homes is explained by the following reasons:

• economical heating of a house with diesel fuel is an unrealistic concept, since the price of fuel is quite high;
• diesel burners cost a lot of money and do not function without electricity (we do not take into account any homemade products made by home craftsmen);
• liquid fuel means dirt and smell in the boiler room, no matter how hard you try to keep it clean;
• Due to the low quality of fuel, the equipment must be serviced frequently, and with the help of qualified personnel.

For reference. If you have a reliable supplier of used oil at a reasonable price, you can try to make your own Babbington burner, saving on the purchase of equipment. Manufacturing instructions are in a separate topic.

So, diesel fuel is far from an economical option, but in some situations it can help out. It is better to organize such heating than to leave the house without heating.

Alternative sources of thermal energy

The first thing that comes to mind when there is neither gas nor electricity in a country cottage is to organize electricity generation in some way. For example, install solar panels and wind farm, capable of meeting all the needs of a private household and serving as a power source for any boiler. But similar project you are unlikely to cope alone due to the decent cost of the equipment and the work required to install it. Unless you manage to involve a dozen more neighbors in the implementation of the project.

More real option alternative heating– activate the heat pump. This product of advanced technologies is widely used in Western Europe and the USA, but in the post-Soviet space it is not available to everyone. The reason is again the high price. The principle of operation of the pump is similar to an air conditioner: thermal energy is extracted in one place (from natural sources) and moved to another (inside a private home).

There are 4 types of heat pumps, which we will indicate along with the cost of the equipment:

1. "Air - air." Acts exactly like household split system, working for heating. The issue price is from 1800 USD. e., plus installation at least 150 USD. e.
2. "Air - water." It differs from the previous version in that the thermal energy taken from the outside air is transferred to water into the heating system. The cost of installation of average quality is from 2000 USD. e., installations - about 1700 USD. e.
3. “Water is water.” These units heat the coolant in the house using energy taken from groundwater or a nearby body of water. More or less reliable equipment will cost you 3000-3300 USD. That is, and the cost of installation depends on the number of wells, the remoteness of the reservoir and other factors.
4. Geothermal installation "earth - water". Here, an external circuit of pipes delivers heat into the house from deep within the earth, heating the coolant for heating. The most reliable and expensive system, the price starts from 8000 USD. That is, installation - at least 2000 USD. e.

The trick is that these units still need electricity to move thermal energy. To obtain 3-4 kW of heat and use it for heating, you need to spend 1 kW of electricity. When the power limit is limited to 5 kW, then 3 of them can be spent on heating, which will be 12 kW. This is enough for a living area of ​​120-160 m², no more.

For reference. When purchasing and operating heat pumps at current prices, we are not talking about any payback for the equipment; subsequent energy savings are taken into account. Our expert will give you more information in his video:

Finally, let’s say a few words about how to heat a private house with solar collectors. These are groups glass tubes with coolant flowing inside, which are heated by infrared radiation from the sun. Unfortunately, such installations cannot operate independently and here’s why:

• at night there is no sun, and there is no heating of the coolant;
• in winter, especially in the northern regions, too little solar energy is supplied;
• To move the coolant you will need a circulation pump powered by electricity.

For these reasons, solar collectors are usually connected by pipes to special fittings in a buffer tank, where they transfer the resulting heat. But the reservoir is also heated from other sources (boilers, furnaces), so the outlet temperature is enough to heat the house.

conclusions

In the current conditions, the best way to fully heat a country house without gas and electricity is to burn solid fuel in boilers or furnaces. Main role What comes into play here is the combination of the cost of heating installations and the price of firewood, coal and other briquettes with pellets. Other options will cost more.

Please note that when choosing thermal power equipment, a simple rule applies: the smaller the initial cash investments, the more troublesome its operation. Any homeowner who wants to organize super-economical heating at a low price must invest more work and time. Conversely, when purchasing and installing expensive heat pumps, the owner of the house is left with one concern - sometimes monitoring the temperature and monitoring the operation of the units.

otivent.com

How do non-volatile floor-mounted gas boilers work?

The operating principle of a non-volatile boiler has several distinctive features, affecting fuel consumption, accuracy of adjustment settings, etc. All components of boiler equipment operate in a mode completely independent of electricity:

• Automation - adjustments are made by thermomechanical devices. A thermocouple is used to start and open the gas valve. When heated, a low-grade voltage is generated that is powerful enough to hold the valve stem in the open position.
  The heating temperature is controlled by a thermomechanical valve. Inside the regulator is a thin metal rod. When heated, the core heats up and the “needle” closes the gas nozzle.
• Heating of the coolant - heat transfer from gas combustion to liquid circulating in the heating system occurs through a heat exchanger. If the boiler operates for heating and hot water, the device has a DHW coil. A small diameter pipe surrounds the primary heat exchanger. Water is heated using a flow method.
• Security system - the design is equipped with all kinds of mechanical protection: gas pressure and exhaust smoke valves, various thermostatic controllers.
• Burner device - in non-volatile boilers, an open type burner is traditionally installed. In this regard, boiler equipment is called atmospheric, convection, etc.

Types of floor-standing energy-independent boilers

According to their own technical specifications, non-volatile floor-type boilers, are divided by power and number of heat exchangers or circuits. There is a classification according to the main purpose, depending on performance:

1. Up to 30 kW – domestic boilers.
2. Up to 100 kW – semi-industrial units.
3. Over 100 kW – industrial boiler equipment.

Another difference between heat generators is the type of heat exchanger, or more precisely, the material from which it is made. Cast iron boilers are distinguished by their reliability, long service life, and heavy weight. Steel analogs are 1.5-2 times cheaper, but have worse thermal characteristics.

Double-circuit non-volatile

Floor-standing, double-circuit, energy-independent gas boiler, designed for heating and hot water supply. The primary heat exchanger is made of structural or stainless steel. The coil is traditionally made of copper. The latest generation of energy-independent boilers began to use an aluminum alloy tube as a secondary heat exchanger.

Household non-volatile floor double-circuit boilers gas heating, simultaneously heat the water and coolant. When heating hot water, the temperature in the heating system decreases. To avoid this situation, some models have a built-in buffer capacity.

Heated water for domestic purposes is stored in a storage tank, like in a thermos. After opening the tap, hot water is supplied to the consumer almost instantly. At the same time, there is no need for the boiler to work for heating.

Single-circuit non-volatile

A floor-standing, non-volatile single-circuit gas heating boiler, unlike analogues with two heat exchangers, is intended exclusively for heating residential premises. This type of heating equipment is characterized by maximum performance. If over time there is a need for hot water, an indirect heating boiler is connected to the heating system.

Floor heating single-circuit boilers gas-powered, independent of electricity, often used for heating residential and industrial facilities. The advantage of the design is greater reliability (compared to dual-circuit models), due to the absence of a DHW coil. As practice shows, due to hard water, they quickly fail and require replacement.

How to choose a non-volatile gas boiler

After determining which boiler is better, single or double-circuit, you will need to choose a heating equipment manufacturer. The reliability rating is topped by German technology, but its popularity is reduced by its prohibitively high cost.

Some consumers pay attention to Italian Baxi SLIM and others. But the leadership in popularity among domestic consumers is occupied by models of boiler equipment produced in the Russian Federation.

It is difficult to list all boiler models. But the most popular (as sales statistics show) are the following nine types of heating equipment: Rostovgazoapparat AOGV, Mimax KSG, Siberia KCHGO, Protherm Volk, Borinskoye AOGV, Termotechnik AOGV and AKGV, Lemax Premium, ROSS AOGV.

Products manufactured in neighboring countries – Ukraine – deserve special attention. Atem Zhytomyr is in demand.

Advantages and disadvantages of a non-volatile gas boiler

Of course, like any other heating equipment, non-volatile models have their pros and cons. Taking into account the pros and cons, you can reduce mistakes when choosing a suitable boiler to a minimum.

When identifying weak points, it is better to focus not only on the characteristics of the manufacturer, but also on real reviews about energy-independent heating boilers.

Positive sides:

• Stable operation regardless of external factors.
• Simple installation requirements.
• Long service life.
• The automation does not fail and costs less than a microprocessor controller (installed in volatile equipment).

Disadvantages of boilers are also present:

• Higher gas consumption - heating intensity is controlled by measuring the temperature of the coolant. Thermostatic valve has a large error.
• The boiler is not designed to operate in conditions low pressure gas Although there are “Kulibins” that offer to reconfigure the automation, in practice this is associated with significant risk.
• Installation of a non-volatile boiler, without re-equipment (installation of a pump), is possible only in open systems with natural coolant circulation.

A non-volatile boiler is the best option for heating rooms with large area, especially in areas where there are problems with power supply. The equipment is easy to use, costs less, repairs and adjustments are practically not required. Often, this type equipment used for heating country houses, country houses.

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