Living in a dacha allows you not only to take a break from the bustle of the city, but also to enjoy nature, clean air, find peace. But so that nothing interferes with a good rest, you have to take care of the amenities of civilization - water supply, electricity and sewerage, right?
Are you trying to figure out how to choose a septic tank for your dacha so as not to overpay or make a mistake? We will help you in this matter - our article discusses the types of septic tanks, their structural and functional differences. Indeed, to choose the optimal recycler, it is advisable to get acquainted with existing options.
Manufacturers of sewerage equipment offer the most various options designed to make suburban life easier.
Equipment options include both simple and inexpensive models and quite complex biological wastewater treatment plants.
It is quite difficult to choose just one, especially if the dacha owner is faced with this issue for the first time.
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Just look at any online store catalog offering septic tanks for country house or dachas, and have to face challenging task choice. In fact, along with dealers in this area, there are enterprises that have only recently entered the market, or successful manufacturers that have been operating for a long time and have achieved success, but have decided to develop a new direction of their activity. Therefore, we invite you to familiarize yourself with what types of septic tanks are available for a summer residence and will compare them so that you can decide which is better.
Septic tanks for a summer residence: which one is better? What to consider when choosing them?
The model range of septic tanks is quite wide, which allows you to choose best septic tank for a summer house that will match individual requirements. When choosing such a cleaning system for a country house, cottage or cottage, you need to consider the following factors:
- The number of permanent residents (take into account possible guests).
- Number of plumbing points (showers, toilets, Jacuzzis, bathtubs, sinks) and household appliances(dishwasher and washing machines), the volume of their waste.
- Groundwater depth.
- Soil type on site.
- Option for discharging treated water (gravity or forced).
How to install a septic tank at the dacha:
- Preparing the pit.
- Arrangement of supply trenches for pipes and wires.
- Installing a septic tank in a pit and sprinkling sand around it.
- Filling the septic tank chambers with water.
- The pipe cuts in, the power supply connection.
- Commissioning works are being carried out.
- In preparation outer part septic tank taking into account features landscape design in the territory.
The principle of operation of septic tanks
A septic tank is a structure that is used to treat wastewater. The design of its device implies the presence of a multi-chamber system. The first tank (sump) receives wastewater from the house through a pipeline. Bacterial decomposition of wastewater occurs in it. In some devices, usually industrial production, structures are installed here that are responsible for filtering contaminated water.
The decomposition of wastewater occurs under the influence of anaerobic or oxygen-free bacteria. They convert the liquid entering the settling tank into clarified water, gas and mineral insoluble sludge or sediment.
All anaerobic septic tanks include several chambers. In the first, wastewater treatment and partial filtration take place. In the second and in all the others, the purification process continues.The gas formed as a result of wastewater decomposition is removed through ventilation pipe, and the water goes into the overflow hole into the second tank. In this case, anaerobic bacteria do not stop cleaning the wastewater. Then the clarified water flows into the next container or is supplied to the filtration fields. After soil filtration, the liquid is absorbed into the soil. This structure belongs to anaerobic type systems or non-volatile septic tanks.
There are also a variety of devices that require electricity to operate. These are aerobic septic tanks with biological treatment. In such devices, wastewater treatment is carried out by aerobic microorganisms that simply cannot exist without oxygen. For this reason, the compressor automatically turns on after a certain time and supplies air inside the tanks. The process of wastewater decomposition in these installations occurs very quickly. The level of purification of contaminated waters is 98%.
The operating principle of an aerobic septic tank requires a constant flow of oxygen, since the bacteria contained in the activated sludge die and cleaning stops.
One of the most common structures is a storage septic tank. It is a single-chamber sealed device used to accumulate wastewater that is pumped out using a sewage disposal machine. Additionally, the tank is equipped with a filling level sensor. This option is the best for those who often appear in a country house, and various reasons cannot be arranged effective site post-treatment of wastewater.
Septic tanks for a summer residence: which one is better?
- Non-volatile septic tanks.
Models that operate without electricity and are not tied to the presence of electrical networks are suitable for small dachas new houses. In remote areas and gardening associations there is a possibility of a power outage for a fairly long period, so it is worth deciding in advance on the equipment for small country houses. In remote areas and gardening communities there is a risk of power outages for a fairly long period, so it is worth choosing sewage equipment in advance.
Of course, users have a question about whether a septic tank is needed at all in the country if it is possible to equip a cesspool. We will not convince dacha owners, but simply remind them of aesthetics, sanitary requirements and basic amenities. We invite you to familiarize yourself with the best non-volatile septic tanks.
- "Tank".
The “Tank” septic tank is made of high-strength plastic, having a thickness of 10 to 17 mm with stiffening ribs. The design itself provides resistance high loads, which are formed under soil pressure in summer and winter period. The estimated service life of the product is at least five to ten years, subject to operating conditions. A conventional septic tank works on the principle of cleaning Wastewater by settling or further biological decomposition of the material by a biofilter, different high performance. The infiltrator is responsible for distributing purified water that enters the ground.
The unique shape of the body protects the structure of the septic tank from being squeezed out by the soil, and the possibility of equipping it with a high neck allows them to be placed at the required depth. A special design, including module blocks, allows you to assemble almost any volume of a septic tank, and overflow pipes act as connections.
The operating conditions of the septic tank imply its periodic cleaning of accumulated solid residue. At competent operation equipment and the use of bacterial colonies, the container is cleaned every four to five years. But it is recommended to do this at least once a year. In the case of periodic use of a septic tank, during the winter, when sewerage drainage is not supposed to be treated, approximately a third of the water is removed from the tank.
Table of characteristics of the septic tank “Tank”
Price of septic tank "Tank"
It is worth noting that the price of this septic tank is more than affordable for many private home owners. This is one of the main advantages that causes great interest in the product. The price largely depends on its volume and therefore increases with increasing capacity.
Reviews of the “Tank” septic tank for a summer residence
Alexander
“The septic tank filters perfectly, there are no comments. There were no problems with its installation, since everything was described in detail in the instructions. Convenient, environmentally friendly, economical. I leave positive feedback».
“I studied a lot of reviews, customer opinions differ, but, as a rule, negative emotions arise only for a reason incorrect installation and operation of this septic tank.”
“The septic tank does not consume electricity and works completely autonomously, but I would not take a very large volume, since unfavourable conditions for the development of bacteria."
“Two years ago we installed a Tank-1 septic tank, from which we use water to water the garden. It’s very convenient, since there is no water source on our site, including technical water.”
- "Triton".
Three chambers that are responsible for implementing the process of removing various suspended matter from contaminated water, anaerobic decomposition biological material, as well as supplying treated wastewater to a special filtration platform. This septic tank is produced in several versions, which gives you the opportunity to choose between models with a volume from 2 to 40 m3.
Once a year, or in case of intensive use twice a year, it is worth clearing the container of accumulated solid sediment. Lifetime plastic container– approximately 50 years. When installing equipment, it is necessary to provide an “anchor”, a monolithic concrete surface or concrete slab, which ensures good retention of the septic tank at the required level.
For small baths and country houses, it is better to use the “Triton-mini” models, which are compact septic tanks for the summer, designed to receive wastewater of small volumes.
Table of characteristics of the Triton septic tank
Price for septic tank "Triton"
Despite the low cost, treatment plants are popular both for small dachas and country cottages for permanent residence. The septic tank provides the necessary level of wastewater treatment.
Reviews of the Triton septic tank“The summer before last I installed a Triton N-1 septic tank at my dacha. It works “excellently” and fully copes with its stated function.”
"Easy installation, low price, easy maintenance. The quality and cost are completely justified. My parents installed this septic tank last summer and were very pleased. The first cleaning was quick and without any unpleasant odors.”
“I installed this septic tank for my parents at their dacha in the village. They have been using it for three years, my father is happy. Great option for the dacha where it is celebrated a small amount of drain water."
"At correct installation, with the Triton septic tank you are not afraid of either severe frosts or others typical problems. It's been two years since the septic tank was installed, and we're happy with everything. The guests who came to our dacha also seriously thought about installing such a septic tank.”
- "Aqua-bio".
The septic tank is intended for summer cottage, where you can create a filtration field or another type of soil post-purification of water drained from the tank. Simple system A septic system involves passing contaminated water through 5 chambers. Initially, sedimentation of solid suspensions occurs in 3 compartments of the tank, then in the remaining 2 chambers the processes of anaerobic decomposition of organic matter occur due to the development of colonies of anaerobes on the surface of a special load.
The main advantages of this septic tank are a large number of chambers, which increases the efficiency of wastewater treatment. As a result, you will not need to reconstruct the filtration fields, which will remain clean for a long time, which means you will not encounter additional costs during the operation of the septic tank. The tightness of the durable plastic housing eliminates the possibility of contaminated wastewater entering the soil.
The productivity of different models can vary from 600 to 1300 liters per day. The price of a septic tank for a summer residence depends on this indicator. A simple calculation allows you to decide on the most suitable model, but do not forget that such a septic tank is not suitable for areas where there is a high groundwater level.
Models of the Aqua-bio septic tank differ from each other in productivity and volume. Today, containers are produced with a volume of: 3600, 3000, 2500, 2000 liters. Accordingly, with productivity l/day: 1300, 1100, 900, 700.
Prices for septic tank "Aqua-bio"
If we talk about the cost of the Aqua septic tank, then, in comparison with similar solutions, such structures cannot be classified as budget ones. You can verify this by carefully studying the table below.
Reviews about the septic tank “Aqua-bio”
“Not disappointed, works reliably and stably. In severe frost, once it was “grabbed” by three centimeters of ice. We had to resort to insulating the lids.”
“I ordered it, installed it and have been using it for several years now. Everything is fine, I can confidently say that he is not afraid of even severe frosts.”
“I carried out a thorough installation, overwintered well, I leave a positive review and recommend this septic tank for the dacha.”
- Energy-dependent septic tanks.
They require a constant connection to electricity and can work on the principle of forced oxygen supply to the batteries, namely aerobic wastewater treatment. Such septic tank models are a real deep cleaning station, allowing you to bring it to the required level when the drain can be directed to storm sewer, ponds and ditches without any risk of disturbing the ecological balance. Among domestic septic tanks, it is worth highlighting the five most common models.
- "Tver".
Such a septic tank belongs to local treatment facilities, where wastewater treatment occurs in a comprehensive manner. The device simultaneously uses several different technologies, which are combined into a single system and provide excellent results when used small area land plot.
It’s worth noting right away that this solution is energy-dependent and is adapted for use in houses intended for permanent residence. But it’s also great for a dacha if you follow simple rules conservation.
The equipment contains a multi-chamber container and high-quality plastic. The first chamber acts as a settling tank, which retains most of the poorly soluble inclusions. Some of them will sink to the bottom, while the rest will float on the surface. Here anaerobic decomposition processes take place, continuing in the second chamber on biofilters. Then comes the aeration chamber, where the water is saturated with oxygen. This activates aerobic water purification by microorganisms. The liquid is further purified in several chambers, where it flows by gravity. In one of them there is a limestone charge, where it is associated with harmful products decomposition, namely with nitrogen and phosphorus compounds.
The addition of chlorine-containing reagents can increase the efficiency of water disinfection.
Installation of models is carried out on different types of soil, even if the dacha is located on former peat mines, which are characterized by a highly aggressive environment. Durable plastic does not corrode, and an additional “anchor” pre-installed in the pit will not allow the container to “float”.
home distinctive feature septic tank "Tver" - receiving a large volume of waste water. Therefore, if you need to drain the bathtub, then it will cope with this task without deteriorating the quality of the outlet water and without releasing untreated wastewater.
Table of characteristics of the septic tank "Tver"
Reviews and price of septic tank "Tver"
If you look at all the reviews about this product, you can come to a single conclusion: such a treatment plant in most cases fully satisfies the needs of everyone modern man. There were no complaints about difficulty during operation or cleaning. One cannot but rejoice that this septic tank is the development of our specialists. Moreover, its price is affordable, as you will see by studying the information in our table.
| Model name | Dimensions L×W×H, mm | Productivity, m3 per day | Weight, kg | approximate price |
| 0.75P | 2250×850×1670 | 0,75 | 120 | 67500 rub. |
| 0.75PN | 2600×850×1670 | 0,75 | 140 | 77,000 rub. |
| 0.75RM | 2250×850×1970 | 0,75 | 78,000 rub. | |
| 0.75PNM | 2600×850×1970 | 0,75 | 170 | 88,000 rub. |
| 1P | 2500×1100×1670 | 1 | 150 | 86,000 rub. |
| 1PN | 3050×1100×1670 | 1 | 180 | 96,000 rub. |
| 1RM | 2500×1100×1970 | 1 | ||
| 1PNM | 3000×1100×1970 | 1 | 210 | 100,000 rub. |
| 1.5P | 3500×1100×1670 | 1,5 | 250 | 107500 rub. |
| 1.5PN | 3850×1100×1670 | 1,5 | 280 | 119,000 rub. |
| 1.5RM | 3500×1100×1970 | 1,5 | 280 | 119,000 rub. |
| 1.5PNM | 3850×1100×1970 | 1,5 | 310 | 128,000 rub. |
- "Leader".
Such septic tanks use electricity to remove sediment from sedimentation tanks and to run an aerator, which saturates the water with oxygen for the development of aerobic microorganisms that eat organic matter. As you can see, this is a volatile solution. Thanks to an integrated approach and the presence of six chambers, the process requires the use of special bioadditives, and the system is highly resistant to temporary overloads of wastewater pollution.
Wastewater treatment is carried out according to the principle that discharge can be carried out in a convenient place: ditches, pond or drainage well. As you can see, there are no violations of standards for the discharge of pollutants; there is complete consistency with the ecology of the surrounding nature.
Local wastewater treatment occurs on the principle of passing through all stages of the tank with pumping out the activated sludge that has accumulated. The first chamber is used for the mechanical stage of purification - primary clarification of water and sedimentation of suspended particles. The manufacturer indicates that the effectiveness of this chamber is 2/3 of mineral contamination.
As for the second stage, a bioreactor is used here, in which anaerobic bacteria initiate fermentation (conversion of difficult-to-oxidize substances into simple ones for the oxidation process). Moreover, bacteria develop on a polymer fishing line that imitates algae. In subsequent blocks of the septic tank, namely in the third, fourth and fifth, wastewater is purified by aerobic bacteria. All conditions for life are provided for them, which are created using two aeration tanks with aerators.
The bacteria themselves multiply on the porous material, form entire colonies, turning into activated sludge. As a result of the victorious battle with the drains, the last stage of the septic tank emerges. Here the neutralization of phosphates occurs in an alkaline environment.
Table of characteristics of the septic tank “Leader”Price for septic tank Leader
The cost of a septic tank with turnkey installation directly depends on its dimensions, power, weight, and connection to the sewerage system. Septic tanks also differ in price, which depends on the chosen model of the cleaning device.
Nowadays, the price for a Leader septic tank may differ, so below we will look not just at the price category, but also at different models septic tank
- "Poplar".
The design of this septic tank allows it to be used in the following temperature range - from -30 to +40 0C. It works on the principle of passing sewage water through four compartments (two of them have aerators installed). Regular supply of oxygen to the contents has a positive effect on the development of bacteria, which are responsible for the decomposition of biomaterial. Required pressure oxygen is provided by compressors, and the process of fluid circulation between different compartments is carried out by airlifts.
When human waste is decomposed by bacteria, the wastewater enters the settling tank, where activated sludge is deposited, and the liquid is sent through a filter to the collection system. All pumps are located in a sealed compartment, as a result of which moisture on the contacts is completely excluded and ensured reliable protection equipment.
The body of the septic tank is made of polymers that do not corrode, and the average service life of a septic tank is approximately 50 years. As for deposits, they are removed independently or using a sewer machine.
Table of characteristics of the Topol septic tank
Septic tank “Topol”: reviews and prices
If installation work are carried out in strict accordance with all requirements, then no questions will arise during the operation of the Topol septic tank. We read numerous reviews of the operation of this treatment plant that we could find on the Internet, and came to the following conclusion: the reviews are mostly positive, without harsh criticism of the septic tank and its characteristics. The main thing is to choose an installation that is appropriate in terms of performance and install it correctly.
If we talk about prices, they are competitive, neither cheaper nor more expensive than other options. Of course, they grow as the volume and productivity of the container increases. In the table below you can see the average cost of a Topol installation of various capacities.
| Model | Price in rubles. | Electricity consumption, kW/day | Maximum one-time discharge in liters | Daily processing, m 3 / day | Number of conditional users |
| "Topol 3" | 70,000 rub. | 0,9 | 170 | 0,65 | 1-3 |
| "Topol 3 PR" | 76,000 rub. | 1,2 | 170 | 0,65 | 1-3 |
| "Topol 5" | 80900 rub. | 1,5 | 250 | 1,1 | up to 5 |
| "Topol 5 PR" | 87900 rub. | 1,2 / 1,5 | 250 | 1,1 | up to 5 |
| "Topol 5 Long" | 103500 rub. | 1,5 | 250 | 1,1 | up to 5 |
| "Topol 5 Long PR" | 110800 rub. | 1,5 | 250 | 1,1 | up to 5 |
| "Topol 8" | 99800 rub. | 1,6 / 1,9 | 470 | 1,9 | 6-8 |
| "Topol 8 PR" | 119,000 rub. | 1,6 / 1,9 | 470 | 1,9 | 6-8 |
| "Topol 8 Long" | 115500 rub. | 1,6 / 1,9 | 470 | 1,9 | 6-8 |
| "Topol 8 Long PR" | 120900 rub. | 1,6 / 1,9 | 470 | 1,9 | 6-8 |
| "Topol 10" | 125,000 rub. | 2,3 / 2,6 | 790 | 3,3 | 9-10 |
| Topol 10 PR | 135,000 rub. | 2,3 / 2,6 | 790 | 3,3 | 9-10 |
| "Topol 10 Long" | 144,000 rub. | 2,3 / 2,6 | 790 | 3,3 | 9-10 |
| "Topol 10 Long PR" | 153,000 rub. | 2,3 / 2,6 | 790 | 3,3 | 9-10 |
- "Topas".
In the Topas septic tank, sewage water is purified in several directions: the decomposition process organic materials, reducing the mineralization of wastewater, as well as cleaning from mechanical impurities. The operating principle of such a septic tank cannot be considered innovative, but be that as it may, it provides purified water (98%), which you can use for irrigation.
The first stage of purification is carried out in the receiving stone, in which sedimentation of mechanical impurities occurs. Then the airlift pumps partially purified water into the aeration tank to resolve organic compounds as a result of the activity of bacteria (their colonies are in activated sludge). Suspended sludge entering with water has a deeper purification, which is deposited in the next compartment. The fully purified water will then be removed from the system and the sludge will be returned for later use.
Equipment servicing occurs when checking the operation of the compressor and diagnosing the septic tank.
Topas characteristics table
| Model name | Designed for number of people | Dimensions, mm
The Ecopan septic tank was designed for use on heaving soils with a high clay content. The destructive effects of the soil are compensated by the two-layer design of the septic tank with a huge amount internal partitions between the first polymer layers. For light soils, it is better to use Ecopan L series. It is resistant to various mechanical damages, as it has a wall thickness of up to 8 mm. The step-by-step cleaning process is carried out by six sections of the septic tank. In the first compartment, heavy and light suspensions are deposited, differing as they accumulate through the hatch provided by the manufacturers. Then follows the aerobic process, which takes place inside the next compartment. Brush loading guarantees the rapid development of bacteria that decompose organic compounds. In the next chamber, oxygen is supplied to oxidize with a compress and deepen the decomposition process. Sedimentation of suspensions and calming of mixtures is carried out in the next compartment, from where the sediment is pumped into the first chamber for subsequent removal. To purify wastewater to the required values, the penultimate compartment is used, in which colonies of organisms on a brush load bring about the decomposition of biomaterials, and limestone ensures a normal pH of the environment. Purified water from the last chamber is removed from the system by gravity or through a pump. Table of characteristics of the Ecopan septic tank Price for septic tank "Ekopan" Septic tanks for dachas "Ekopan" are not too expensive - their prices are comparable to the cost of similar VOCs. Below we provide a table with the cost of the most popular models of local septic tanks.
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Accommodation in own home will be comfortable if the owners provide everything for this the necessary conditions. Few people are already attracted to the options of delivering water in buckets from a well, with a wooden toilet on the site. All this is acceptable for dacha conditions with periodic weekend visits, but it looks like a complete anachronism if the family lives in the house permanently. This means that normal housing must be equipped with water supply and sewerage. It's good if locality It is possible to connect to central highways and collectors. But such cases are quite rare, and more often it is necessary to create completely autonomous systems.
How to choose a septic tank - detailed instructions
Water supply is a separate multifaceted topic, and in in this case We are interested in creating an independent sewer system. Discharge of untreated wastewater into environment– is strictly prohibited. This means installation is required special structures or devices for collecting, settling, cleaning, clarifying wastewater. In the practice of private housing construction optimal solution This issue is the use of special containers - septic tanks. Such an element can be built on your own or purchased ready-made. This publication will discuss how to choose a factory-made septic tank, that is, what criteria for evaluating the product should pay special attention to.
What is a septic tank? The principle of its operation
Septic tank – essential element autonomous system sewer or treatment plant. And, although it is not a complete wastewater treatment scheme in itself, its role is extremely important.
The main purpose of any septic tank is to collect all sewage from a house (group of houses), settle it and preliminary biological treatment varying degrees of depth. The wastewater that has gone through this cycle is discharged into ground filtration devices or structures, or is subject to regular pumping using special equipment. In any case, it prevents the entry into the environment of contaminated wastewater that poses a chemical and bacteriological danger to it.
When planning the construction of a country house, along with drawing up a project for the building itself, it is necessary to design engineering systems, including drainage and wastewater treatment systems. To do this, you need to find out what types of septic tanks are used today so that you can choose the most suitable option.
Previously, the installation of an outdoor shower and a “birdhouse” toilet was considered the pinnacle of dacha improvement. These days, more and more owners prefer to equip their homes with a full set of plumbing fixtures.
And in this case, it is necessary to build a local drainage system. To dispose of wastewater from private households, a septic tank is usually used. Let's consider what types of this equipment exist and what features they have.
Classification
Septic tanks that can be included in local systems sewers can be classified according to several criteria:
- by cleaning method;
- by body material;
- according to the installation method.
Varieties based on operating principle
For private households, the following types of septic tanks can be used:
- storage tanks;
- settling tanks with soil filtration;
- installations with forced aeration, providing deep biopurification.
Let's look at the features of each option
Storage tanks
This is the simplest type of equipment; it is a volumetric sealed tank used for collecting and storing wastewater. It works on the same principle as cesspool, the difference is environmental Safety drive. After all, the storage tank, unlike cesspools, prevents contaminated liquid from entering the ground.
As the storage tank fills, it will need to be cleaned. This work is carried out using sewage disposal machines. The contents of the container are pumped out by a pump into a tank installed on a vehicle and transported for disposal in the prescribed manner.
This option for organizing wastewater disposal can be recommended for a summer residence, provided that the volume of wastewater is small. Otherwise, the drive will need to be cleaned frequently, which will incur additional costs.
Septic tanks
This option is universal, it is recommended for a small summer cottage or for a spacious one. country cottage. The difference in this case will be only in the volume of the settling tanks and the area of the devices for post-treatment. The greater the daily volume of wastewater, the more capacious the settling tanks should be. To provide best quality cleaning, multi-stage settling is organized.
Advice! For an ordinary private house, it is recommended to purchase or build a two or three chamber septic tank. In such an installation, two chambers serve as a sump, and in the last one additional cleaning is carried out using biofilters.
These treatment plants work like this:
- The first section of the installation, as a rule, is the most voluminous. Here the accumulation of wastewater and its primary settling occurs;
- water enters the second section, which has already been freed from most of the large inclusions, here the liquid settles additionally, smaller undissolved particles that did not have time to precipitate in the first section settle to the bottom;
- then the water enters the compartment with a biofilter, if it is included in the design of the treatment plant, and then is supplied to the soil filtration unit, where it is finally purified;
- the sediment at the bottom of the settling tanks gradually becomes denser. Bacteria contained in wastewater initiate methane fermentation processes, due to which the sludge partially decomposes and decreases in volume. Due to this, it is not necessary to pump out sludge frequently; it is enough to perform this operation annually.
Advice! If the settling tanks are not cleaned in a timely manner, the sediment will begin to thicken, gradually reducing the volume of the chambers. And reducing the volume of settling tanks will lead to a deterioration in the quality of cleaning.
The advantages of this option:
- simplicity of the device, reliability;
- fairly high efficiency;
- inexpensive and easy maintenance.
- Significant volume of containers. In order for the water to settle well, it is necessary for the water to remain in the sump for at least 72 hours. Therefore, when water consumption is high, it is necessary to use large-capacity tanks.
- The need to build soil filtration devices. This increases construction costs. It is especially difficult if the area has clay or high groundwater level.
Deep biopurification
A modern septic tank is no longer just a septic tank, but a station that provides complete cleaning in a minimum amount of time. short time. Due to this, the installations are compact in size, and there is no need to build devices for soil treatment. Principle of operation:
- the first stage of processing is to settle the liquid;
- but in the second section it is installed optional equipment- aerator. Through the holes of this device, air is supplied to the cleaned environment, which ensures the creation of conditions for the occurrence of biological aerobic processes;
- then the liquid settles again and is sent to the outlet.
Advice! To ensure maximum high level cleaning, you can install an additional water disinfection unit using ultraviolet light.
Advantages of the option:
- high quality waste treatment;
- compactness, choosing a place to install a biorefinery station on a site near a country house is much easier than allocating space for installing settling tanks and filtration fields;
- complete absence of odors, so residents and guests of the country house will not feel discomfort.
- high installation cost;
- need to connect electricity.
Materials
The materials for the manufacture of septic tank tanks are: special requirements, namely:
- corrosion resistance;
- strength;
- tightness.
With equipment local sewer country house is most often used the following options septic tanks:
- Brick. Previously, this was the most popular option, since tanks of any volume and shape can be made of brick. Moreover, the wave work can be done independently, without the involvement of construction equipment. This is important if the owners of a private house decide to do the construction on their own. The disadvantages of this option are the insufficient tightness of brick tanks and the need for additional waterproofing work.
- Plastic. Currently plastic septic tanks– this is the most used version of treatment plants recommended for use in systems autonomous sewerage private house. Such installations can be purchased ready-made, or assembled independently using ready-made plastic containers of the required volume. Plastic models have a lot of advantages and only one drawback - they are too light and can float during the seasonal rise of groundwater.
- Reinforced concrete. Reliable, heavy-weight structures. They can be prefabricated (from prefabricated reinforced concrete parts) or monolithic. The latter are more airtight, since they do not have seams, but prefabricated structures can be assembled much faster. The disadvantage is the laboriousness of installation, as well as the need to use special equipment.
Advice! Metal tanks are practically not used in the construction of sewerage systems for a private country house. Due to the metal's susceptibility to corrosion metal septic tank will be short-lived, and use of stainless steel will make the treatment plant prohibitively expensive.
Installation method
According to the location of the sections, all treatment plants are divided into horizontally and vertically oriented. Vertical type treatment plants are the preferred option for a private home, as they require much less space during installation.
However, this option can only be used at low GWL. If the level of soil water is high, then you have to choose horizontal version. In this case, the depth of the reservoir will be small, but the area for installing the septic tank will require a significant amount. In addition, according to the installation method, underground and surface ones are distinguished. The latter option is chosen if local conditions do not allow installation in the ground.
What to consider when choosing?
To make the right choice of treatment plant, you need to consider the following factors:
- daily amount of waste;
- frequency of use (permanent, seasonal or periodic residence);
- features of the geology of the site;
- construction budget.
So, for a summer house used for periodic recreation, an inexpensive storage tank is quite suitable, but for a country house it is better to use more productive models - sedimentation tanks or biotreatment stations.
So there are different types septic tanks, so for any operating conditions you can choose the most best option. A correctly selected and installed septic tank will last a long time, providing sufficient high efficiency disposal of sewage wastewater.
Installing a septic tank is a practical way to solve the problem of wastewater disposal when arranging a local sewage system. But, you must admit, it is sometimes not easy to make a choice among the variety of ready-made designs.
To simplify the task, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with an overview of the main types treatment facilities and popular models from leading manufacturers. We will tell you which septic tank to choose based on the characteristics of its operation, and outline the main parameters of the device that must be taken into account when purchasing.
For a better understanding of the issue, we have supplemented the information with photographs. various models recyclers, as well as diagrams for their installation.
A septic tank is a waterproof structure consisting of one or more sections or divided into two or three compartments or chambers. But any sewage treatment plant has its own characteristics.
Therefore, in order to choose a recycler wisely, it is necessary to analyze the types of equipment on the market, understand the principle of their operation and determine for yourself the feasibility of using a particular model.
Types of materials used
Septic tanks serving as the main element local sewerage, are classified according to different criteria.
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