An OSB frame house is a reliable and inexpensive building, the cladding of which can be done independently. To construct a building, you should select suitable material and correctly fasten all the parts.
Oriented strand boards have high strength. In terms of their characteristics, they significantly exceed many wood products that are used in the construction of houses.
OSB boards are made from wood chips, which is laid out in several layers and pressed under high pressure. Each wood layer is impregnated with a special adhesive. The mutually perpendicular construction of wood chips significantly increases the wear resistance of the boards.
OSB panels have high performance properties:
- Ease of processing the material. The slabs can be sawed, cut and sanded. There are no cracks in the cut areas.
- Strength. In terms of durability and rigidity, OSB is not inferior to a strong board. Due to its dense fibrous structure, the material can be fastened using various fasteners - staples, screws or nails. Also, the panels are well connected with any construction adhesive solution.
- Resistance to atmospheric changes. Sheets High Quality undergo additional treatment against fungus and mold. This manufacturing technology allows it to withstand rainfall and withstand temperature changes well.
- Light weight of the product. A nine-millimeter panel weighs no more than twenty kilograms. Therefore, it is easy to transport and move during construction.
Approximately the particle material is harmless material, since it consists of natural wood particles, and the content of adhesive substances in it does not exceed three percent. Due to the smooth surface of the slab, there is no need for additional processing before painting and cladding.
OSB panels, due to their homogeneous structure, do not peel or split. Compared to other natural materials that are used to construct buildings, particle boards have a low cost.
Which slabs are suitable for building a frame house
Frame house made of OSB panels Approximately - particle boards depending on the manufacturing method and construction purposes are not divided into four categories. Each type of material has its own characteristics that affect the scope of use in construction:
- OSB 1. The material has low resistance to moisture and a reduced level of strength. It is used to produce packaging, furniture or upholstery.
- OSB 2. The board is not water resistant and belongs to the medium hardness category. Well suited for making wall partitions in dry rooms.
- OSB 3. A moisture-resistant product that can be used for the construction of load-bearing partitions.
- OSB 4. High-strength material resistant to various mechanical influences. Such panels are not exposed to moisture and tolerate temperature changes well. Is used for various types construction.
For construction frame houses oriented strand panels of the third class are most often used.
Such universal material has all the characteristics necessary for the construction of buildings.
Instructions for building a house from OSB boards
For the construction of a frame building, slabs are often ordered according to the dimensions of a pre-prepared project.
Construction of the foundation
OSB panels are enough lightweight material, therefore any type of foundation is suitable for building a house. Most often, a tape base is used, which is easy to make yourself:
- after leveling construction area carry out a complete marking of the site according to the planned layout;
- dig a trench at a depth that depends on the characteristics of the soil and the level of its freezing - from eighty centimeters to one and a half meters;
- compact the soil at the bottom of the depression;
- cover with two layers of waterproofing material;
- sprinkle the mixture on top - one bucket of sand and three identical containers of crushed stone;
- install formwork from OSB panels;
- install a reinforced frame in the trench;
- do it on top concrete pouring and level it using a hydraulic level.
After complete hardening concrete mortar The foundation is covered with film material for waterproofing.
After this, a wooden frame which includes:
- tying the bottom with logs;
- installation of vertical supports for walls;
- securing floor boards and joists;
- construction rafter system beam roofs.
The finished wooden frame is sheathed with high-quality oriented strand panels.
Floor covering
OSB panels are connected on joists with straight edges. Around each particle board there should be a three-millimeter gap.
The sheets are laid with their central axis perpendicular to the bars on the floor. Each slab must be connected to the previous OSB panel on joists or have additional support at the ends with a special tongue-and-groove fastening.
The sheets are fastened with nails. For additional contraction strength, adhesive solutions are used.
Fastening OSB boards to walls
For finishing load-bearing structures, oriented strand material twelve millimeters thick is used. To improve thermal insulation, the openings are initially filled with mineral wool.
Installation of sheets on walls can be carried out both horizontally and vertically. In window and door openings, panels are connected with a gap of three millimeters.
The slabs are fastened using ring or spiral nails. At the connection of the chip sheets, they are driven in every fifteen centimeters, and towards the supports the distance between the nails is doubled.
Installation of OSB panels on the roof
The quality of the reinforcement of the sheathing depends on the evenness of the roof frame base. For installation, select strong, undamaged panels that have been properly stored and transported.
Short sections of sheets are connected on wall and ceiling supports. The remaining panels for fastening must have tongue and groove markings at the ends and rest on auxiliary supports. Each OSB sheet must rest on at least two wooden bases.
The sheathing is secured with spiral nails fifty-one millimeters long. On the rafter sheathing, the fastenings are mounted at a distance of thirty millimeters, and at the connection of the edges of the slabs, nails are driven in every fifteen centimeters.
A minimum gap of one centimeter must be maintained from the edge of the OSB panel to the screws or nails. When lining the chimney, the distance required by the construction safety rules is maintained.
Fastening the OSB material is carried out according to established rules:
- leave a ten-meter gap between the panels and the foundation to protect against moisture;
- maintain a distance between nails or screws of at least fifteen centimeters;
- when screwing in the fastener, retreat one centimeter from the edge of the sheet;
- Do not connect the panels tightly, leave a three-millimeter gap between them.
Build frame house from OSB panels is not difficult. The main thing is to pour a strong foundation, build the frame smoothly and sheath it with oriented strand sheets in accordance with all the rules for their installation.
Wood waste materials have everything positive traits natural material and lower cost. Modern technologies made them stronger and more resistant to water and fire. Frame construction is becoming more and more popular. People like a house made of OSB boards, it is warm, light, and retains the smell of the forest for a long time. By ordering parts in accordance with the project, you can build a house with your own hands without lifting equipment and wet work.
How to build a house from OSB?
Improved qualities of natural wood in OSB panels
Wood surpasses all others in its qualities that create comfort in the home. natural materials. Its disadvantage is swelling from water and fire hazard. Rodents and insects love to live in warm walls, prematurely destroying them.
When producing solid wood products, a lot of waste remains:
- small pieces of wood;
- branches;
- wood chips;
- sawdust;
- shavings.
They are sorted and combined different ways and pressed. The result is panels that take the best qualities of wood.
The production of OSB panels uses large chips, accounting for 80% of the mass of the slab. It is laid in layers, orienting the direction of the outer sides along the sheet. The internal chips are arranged transversely. Perpendicularly oriented fiber eliminates warping and shrinkage of the panels. Pressing and impregnation with synthetic resins makes the material more resistant to fire. It does not ignite and does not support combustion, but it chars and collapses. This does not release toxic substances.
OSB panels for house construction
In construction, there are 4 groups of OSB panels based on strength and moisture resistance. The table shows the main use of each type.
| OSB board class | Strength | Moisture resistance | Application area |
| OSB-1 | low | low | furniture manufacturing, internal partitions, interior elements |
| OSB-2 | average | low | only in dry rooms |
| OSB-3 | average | high | outdoor and interior lining walls, partitions and decoration in wet areas, bathrooms |
| OSB-4 | high | high | all types construction work, including plinths and basements, reusable formwork |
Walls made of OSB panels retain heat and absorb noise slightly worse than natural wood. The material has high environmental friendliness. The lack of wood in its combustion and absorption of moisture is eliminated by impregnation, additives and pressing.
When making house parts from panels with your own hands, you should take into account the specific location of the fibers and hardness. OSB cuts and drills worse than solid wood.
Frame houses are cheaper and quick to install
Frame house
Construction residential buildings from OSB boards is done according to the approved project. Blocks are made at the factory and labeled. A light foundation is made on site and then the frame of the house is mounted on it and sheathed with the resulting parts. The insulation is installed during the production of blocks. This method of construction has a number of advantages over standard brick buildings.
- You can move into the house immediately after laying the roof and do the finishing, or simply varnish the inside walls.
- Construction is done using the dry method and takes less than a month, including the creation of the foundation.
- A frame house is 3–5 times lighter than a brick one. A light foundation at a shallow depth or a support-column foundation is made under it.
- There is no need to use lifting mechanisms to erect walls and roofs.
- The smooth surface of the panels is finished without complex plaster. Putty is sufficient for painting and wallpapering.
- The material of OSB panels is used for insulation of brick and wooden house. Additionally, polystyrene foam or other extruded plastic is placed inside. The heat in the house is retained better than with brick walls 1 meter thick.
- It's comfortable inside the house, the walls breathe.
- They don't shrink.
- There is no waste during installation; the blocks are made to size at the factory.
- Price frame house made of OSB is significantly lower than brick.
Frame houses also have their disadvantages. If you want to have a basement in your house, you need to make a strip foundation to its entire depth or dig and lay out the walls separately, at a distance from load-bearing structure. It is more difficult to hide the wiring with your own hands. Heavy equipment and cabinets cannot be hung on OSB walls.
Construction of frame houses
We build a house from OSB ourselves
If you want to build a house with your own hands from OSB, then you will need helpers. The optimal number for work is 4 people. You can get by with a minimum number of workers - 2 builders. Then one must have experience in assembling frame houses. The second is to be able to understand it, present it, hold it.
- A waterproofing layer is laid on the foundation. There is a lower harness on it.
- The racks and corners of the walls are attached, and a diagonal fastening is made to prevent the structure from “folding.”
- The top trim is installed.
- Floor and ceiling beams are laid.
- The frames of the openings are installed.
- The rafters are installed and sheathed.
- The floor and ceiling are covered.
- Sheathing is done with OSB panels.
- Sealing extensions are installed at the corners and joints of the panels.
When building with your own hands, the walls outside and inside of a residential building are sheathed separately. Insulation is laid between the layers of OSB, wires and life support systems are laid.
Advice! Self-tapping screws do not screw into OSB well and become warped. It is advisable to drill a hole for them. The drill diameter should be smaller than the screw thread.
For thermal expansion, a gap of 3 mm is left between the panels and racks around the perimeter of the floor. There is a gap of 2 mm between the plates themselves along the entire sheathing. Wall panels don't reach flooring 10 – 12 mm. The finishing gap is closed with skirting boards.
The floor panels are laid on the beams across their location. There must be at least 3 crossbars under each OSB slab. Along the length, the ends of the sheets are connected on a beam. Both edges are secured with self-tapping screws. The pitch between the floor beams is 500 - 600 mm.
A house built from OSB panels can easily withstand outside temperatures from 40 degrees below zero to the same heat reading. The comfort of the buildings is not inferior brick buildings with insulation and wooden houses. The walls breathe, removing moisture out. The air inside remains fresh. Fungus and mold do not appear.
OSB sandwich panels
Sandwich house OSB panels with your own hands
OSB sheets are also used to create sandwich panels. The space between two slabs of pressed wood chips is filled with expanded polystyrene. Such a house is assembled by a specialized team. Sheathing, installation and fastening are used similarly to the construction of buildings made of sandwich panels.
The frame and lining of the openings are made from boards 3 cm thick. The starting profile is a strip equal in width to the groove at the end of the panel. It is attached along the entire perimeter to the foundation with metal brackets. The panels are fastened together with timber. They are fixed to the posts with long screws.
The interior of buildings is inferior to houses made of OSB boards in aesthetics. Therefore, such technologies are rarely used for residential buildings.
house made of OSB boards
The abbreviation OSB translates as oriented strand boards; the building material is ideal for construction according to frame technology and provides high performance indicators, since during manufacturing the sheets are treated with resin.
Installation of OSB boards
OSB boards have the following layers:
- inside the chips are located transversely;
- On top, the chips are located longitudinally.
If a layer of insulation is laid between these layers, these will already be sandwich panels. Usually the role of insulation is performed mineral wool, polystyrene foam or polyurethane foam.
Types of OSB boards for the construction of frame houses
types of OSB boards
Group 1: used for arranging partitions between rooms. The boards have low strength and cannot be used at high humidity.
Group 2: used for load-bearing walls in a buiding. They have low resistance to moisture.
Group 3: suitable for construction external walls, because it is not afraid of excess moisture.
Group 4: sheets of this type are not purchased very often, although they have increased strength.
These particle boards, depending on their purpose, are indispensable in the construction of houses using frame technology.
Pros and cons of OSB boards when building a frame house
Since these panels are made of wood chips, their characteristics are similar to fiberboard and chipboard. However, residential buildings are built precisely from these slabs, since they have the following undeniable advantages:
- High strength.
- For production, environmentally friendly raw materials are used, corresponding sanitary requirements and standards.
- Easy to handle, transport and install.
- Low cost compared to other types of building materials.
- Slow flammability and combustion;
- Elasticity and flexibility;
- Resistance to insects, fungi and bacteria.
However, OSB boards also have some negative properties. For example, from panels of the last two groups it is recommended to build walls with outside. The fact is that they contain a resin containing toxic substances.
Be sure to ask for a certificate for this material and be sure to read all instructions.
Step-by-step algorithm for installing an OSB frame
construction of a frame house from OSB boards
OSB boards are a modern and quite popular material for construction. The whole process must begin with the construction of the foundation required type: strip, monolithic or pile. The choice of foundation should take into account the construction site, ground freezing indicators, as well as data on the level of groundwater. But in most cases they install pile foundation, since the weight frame structure small.
After the foundation has been laid, it is necessary to determine the quantity and type building material: sandwich panels or OSB panels 3-4 groups. Yes, you can use panels of the first two types, but you need to additionally insulate the structure. A support board must be attached over the entire area of the base of the building, subsequently installing the selected type of OSB panels on it. The frame elements are fixed using self-tapping screws and grooves.
The assembly of a frame house should begin from the corner of the future structure. To connect OSB sheets, you must use nails, horizontal grooves and vertical beam. In particular, it is necessary to correctly join panels of building material in the corners so that gaps do not form.
When using simple OSB boards inner part the house needs to be insulated. Waterproofing is not needed here, because groups 3 and 4 of the material have good moisture resistance. Upon completion of thermal insulation, you can begin finishing the surface of the walls, for example, with plasterboard. After assembling the frame, partitions between rooms can be installed using group 2 particle boards.
Using OSB boards, you can build both walls and a roof (group 3 of OSB panels). Initially, rafters and supports are installed, wooden sheathing from bars, and panels are already attached to them with nails or screws. It is important to decide in advance on the location for the chimney so that there is the required distance around it.
How to make a house from OSB with your own hands, without losing quality and saving money? Indeed, for the same area, the cost of construction, depending on the materials used, can vary greatly. And with some construction technologies, it is impossible to do without renting powerful equipment. The most inexpensive, fastest and in a simple way counts frame house construction from sandwich panels or OSB boards.
OSB or oriented strand boards consist of 90% wood chips. The remaining components are binder waterproof resins. Receive building panels by pressing large pieces of wood coniferous species, aspen and larch. The size of the chips is up to 15 cm. Inside the future product, it is laid in three rows. The outer layers are placed parallel to the long side of the slab. The middle layer is perpendicular. The pressure in the press is so strong that the fibers interpenetrate. This guarantees high strength to the final product.
The resulting material is sometimes called improved wood. It is lightweight and easy to handle. Unlike natural solid wood, OSB does not burn or rot; there are no knots or voids in their structure that reduce its stability. In terms of its characteristics, it is superior to sheets of chipboard, MDF or plywood. These panels hold fasteners well: bolts, nails, dowels.
The use of phenol in binder mixtures raised the most questions among consumers. But now many manufacturers have begun to switch to polymer resins, which are completely safe for health. Such a product is marked with the words “ECO” or “Green” on the packaging.
Construction from OSB panels
In private house construction, 4 types of OSB panels are used, differing in water resistance, strength and price.
Moisture resistance depends on the binding adhesive, and strength depends on the mutual placement of chips in its structure. Lamination and varnishing of the surface provides additional resistance to all types of influences. Such slabs can be used in the construction of formwork, and repeatedly.
Type 1. OSB-1 has little resistance to stress and is hydrophobic. They are taken for finishing when internal works or furniture manufacturing;
Type 2. OSB-2 is also resistant to moisture, but is much stronger and therefore suitable for the construction of partitions, false ceilings, that is, those parts where there are no heavy loads and the possibility of getting wet;
Type 3. OSB-3 is suitable for creating external facades, they are high-strength and moisture-resistant;
Type 4. OSB-4 is very durable, used for assembling load-bearing elements of walls and roofs, imparting rigidity to the structure.
A house made of OSB boards is made mostly of type 3 products. Height – up to 3 floors inclusive.
Construction Features
- The work takes 2–3 weeks without the use of heavy machinery.
- The building is not even built, but assembled like a construction kit from ready-made parts made at the factory. They are made to order for a specific project. This means that there will be no unexpected expenses and urgent additional purchases of missing building materials, as well as difficult-to-sell balances after completion of all stages.
- OSB boards are much cheaper than bricks or foam blocks.
- The frame building weighs a little, almost 5 times less brick house the same cubic capacity. Therefore, the structure does not require a massive and expensive foundation.
- The OSB-3 box can already have layers of thermal insulation installed during production. This is how SIP panels are made. Then additional insulation no need. Saved inside comfortable temperature at external differences from -40 to +40°C.
- The smooth surfaces of the panels do not require priming or leveling before finishing decorative coating on the walls or ceiling. Unless you need to putty the joints.
- If the technology is followed, houses made of OSB do not shrink or warp.
OSB boards are a universal material and can be used at any stage of construction.
Foundation. Laminated or veneered sheets can be used as foundation facing panels, assembled on a frame made of beams. They are fastened with ties made of steel wire or thin reinforcement.
Floor. The slabs are laid on the logs with the long side perpendicular to them. A technological (dilation) gap of 3 mm is left along the perimeter of the panels. It is needed to compensate for thermal expansion or other deformations. There is also a 12 mm gap between the walls and the floor. The sheets themselves are fixed using a tongue-and-groove profile and reinforced with mounting adhesive for reliability.
The connection of the short sides must always take place on supports. An additional layer of waterproofing is stretched under the flooring adjacent to the ground. The pitch between the lags is determined by the thickness of the material:
Walls. Oriented strand products can be mounted both vertically and horizontally. When assembling the walls, 12 mm thick sheets are used. They rest on bars with a pitch of 400 and 600 mm. Between the slabs, as well as in places adjacent to doors and window openings leave gaps of 3 mm. For insulation from the outside, the building can be insulated with mineral wool.
Roof. The sheets form a continuous sheathing, on which it is subsequently laid roof covering. Installation begins along the ridge, wood panels are laid similarly to the floor. Each sheet is fastened so that there are two supports underneath it. The joints of the slabs should also be on the rafter joists.
In order for the roof to withstand the snow load, select the gaps between them depending on the thickness of the slab:
When working at any stage, take into account the main rule of building a house from OSB: the connections of the support beam and panels must be sealed. The joints and corner parts are fastened with self-tapping screws in increments of 15 cm.
Thanks to the properties of sheets made of oriented shavings, the structure does not rot and is not undermined by insects. He is also not afraid of fires. According to experts, the service life of a house made from OSB-3 panels is the same as from brick.
Video
We invite you to watch a video about building a house from OSB panels.
Recently, the construction trend has been moving towards reducing the cost of structures while simultaneously accelerating the completion of work. This does not always meet the requirements of SNiP and GOST, but in private construction it is allowed. The most a shining example such construction are frame houses, sheathed OSB panels. Some people call them “Houses made of SIP panels.”
The following describes how to build a house from OSB panels with your own hands. This type of house is a classic frame house, built on strip foundation shallow laying. It is planned to insulate the frame with polystyrene foam. There are, of course, very interesting alternatives, for example. But this is a matter of taste and set of conditions. In any case, it would not be amiss to familiarize yourself with the material ““.
So, in fact! The house measures 6*6 m (without porch). The frame is attached to the foundation with 200 mm anchor connections. A 100*50 beam was used as a Mauerlat, pre-treated with an antiseptic primer solution for wood, which also covered the load-bearing supports of the frame.
The main load-bearing supports are prefabricated and were mounted using wood screws (75 mm) from two 100*50 beams, forming an internal wall thickness of 100 mm. All self-tapping wood connections were necessarily duplicated with nails. The supports were installed in increments of 625 mm along the central axis so that a solid face looked outward and inward. Their installation was carried out immediately to the entire height (length 4000 mm), simultaneously forming the frame of the second floor. As a ceiling for the second floor, a 1500*50 beam was used, supported on the frame of interblock partitions. All corner connections were fixed with metal overhead strips. Around the windows and doorways timber 100*50 was installed.
After installing the frame, we began installing the roof. First, the gable beams were installed. For this, we used a 100*50 mm beam, twisted in three. Next, rafters were assembled from 150*50 timber with a pitch of 650 mm, onto which the sheathing frame was secured. After this, a layer of vapor barrier was laid and roll waterproofing. This created a basis for laying the base material for the roof covering. The rafters were fastened together with a crossbar. The roof was insulated inside basalt wool and lined with OSB sheets.
When performing these works, no ventilation and chimney ducts were installed. It was decided to place the ventilation in the parapet of the walls. The heating in the house was planned to be electric, by installing heated floors and radiators.
After the frame was made and covered with a roof, we began enclosing the walls. First, solid OSB3 boards were used to cover those areas where they did not need to be cut. The dimensions of the house are such that four slabs stand vertically in a row without trimming. Kronospan 2500*1250*12 slabs were used to form the walls. The fastening of the slabs was carried out in compliance with several rules:
- Only OSB boards were used. This process was carefully controlled when purchasing the material. Unfair sellers often pass off OSB Basic, which does not have moisture-repellent properties and is cheaper, as OSB3. It is almost impossible to visually distinguish one from the other. Therefore, copies of certificates for all OSB sheets were requested from the supplier.
- The slabs were installed only vertically (according to the manufacturer’s technological sheets).
- All sheets were screwed with stainless steel screws.
- Only solid pieces were installed at the bottom and top of the openings.
- The slabs were necessarily fastened at the edges and in the middle.
- The manufacturer's requirements for external and inside slabs
After closing the outer part of the frame, attempts were made to seal the seams from the inside. To do this, we used ready-made putty. After the first attempts, they decided to stop this activity.
Then the frame was insulated with foam plastic 100 mm thick. This process is completely effortless. The only thing that had to be taken into account was that the places for attaching future sockets were treated in a special way. To fasten them, strips were packed into a 40 mm recess between the frame posts. The foam was placed under the bar and on the side so that there was room for attaching the mounting box. Next we started wiring the electrical network. The cable was laid in plastic corrugated pipe, and was placed in a groove pre-cut in polystyrene foam. Thus, the wiring was hidden inside the walls and safe.
The walls inside the room were closed using the same technology as outside. For this we used OSB3 sheets from the same manufacturer, only 2500*1250*10 mm. Previously, before mounting it on the wall, holes were made in the slab for power outlets.
Of course, it is possible to build a house with your own hands easily and quickly, without large investments, without the use of heavy construction equipment, and most importantly, without having a large professional qualifications. Time will tell how practical and environmentally friendly they are.
