In the process of various construction and repair work indoors, there is often a need to remove construction waste. It is not recommended to use a regular vacuum cleaner for this purpose, since there is a high probability of failure of the filter, or even the entire vacuum cleaner. For this purpose it is used construction vacuum cleaner, which is designed specifically for such work.
Let's look at what a construction (industrial) vacuum cleaner is and its main differences from a household one.
The power of a construction vacuum cleaner is several times greater than that of a household vacuum cleaner and can reach 4 kW. Thanks to this, you can easily remove construction debris, both small and large. With its help, you can easily remove cement dust, fragments of plaster, various fragments and sand, etc. The body of an industrial vacuum cleaner is mainly made of metal.
The vacuum cleaner has a reinforced filtration system. The motor of such a vacuum cleaner can work for a long time and withstand heavy loads, thanks to a special cooling system. The dust collector capacity of a construction vacuum cleaner is much larger than a conventional vacuum cleaner. All construction vacuum cleaners have an outlet for connecting power tools.
Such a vacuum cleaner costs more than a regular one, so many craftsmen try to make a construction vacuum cleaner with their own hands by remaking a household vacuum cleaner, and often encounter certain difficulties.
This article contains the most successful technical solutions How to convert a household vacuum cleaner into a construction vacuum cleaner. If you have a medium-power vacuum cleaner at home, then if you wish, you can turn it into a construction vacuum cleaner. Or you can buy an inexpensive vacuum cleaner and, by improving it, turn it into an industrial one. To do this, you don’t have to remake the vacuum cleaner itself, you just need to make external filter DIY cyclone. Next, we will consider two main options for manufacturing such a filter with and without a cone.
A description of homemade cyclone filters is given in this article mainly to introduce you to general idea and the operating principle of such devices. This means that, having familiarized yourself with the design, you are not obliged to repeat it completely, but can make various changes to it, or using the basic idea, make a cyclone filter of a completely new design.
Operating principle of the cyclone filter
The principle of operation of this filter is based on the passage of contaminated air through an external device, in which large particles settle in its housing, then the air is cleaned of fine dust, passing through the oil filter, and enters the turbine of the vacuum cleaner. Thus, the vacuum cleaner itself receives air that has already been purified from dust and debris.
Cyclone filter option 1 (without cone)
To make a cyclone filter with your own hands, you will need the following parts and materials:
- Oil filter. It filters fine dust.
- Bucket with a tight-fitting lid 20 l.
- Polypropylene elbows, intended for water supply systems, and having an angle of 90 and 45 degrees and a diameter of 40 mm - 1 piece.
- Plumbing pipe, plastic – 1 meter, diameter 40 mm.
- Piece corrugated pipe 2 meters long and 40 mm in diameter. You will need it to log into the device.
Manufacturing process
1. In the lid of the bucket, in the center, you need to cut a hole into which a 90-degree angle is inserted; a vacuum cleaner will be connected to it.
2. Seal the cracks with sealant.
3. Cut a hole in the side wall of the bucket and insert a 45 degree corner.
4. A piece of pipe is used to connect the corrugation to the elbow.
5. For more long service filter, you can pull a piece of nylon tights over it.
6. The filter outlet must be connected to the elbow in the bucket lid.
It may not be possible to fit the filter onto the outlet pipe. For this purpose, you need to come up with some kind of adapter. A piece of corrugation for a plumbing siphon or a rubber hose of a certain diameter may be suitable. It is advisable to coat all connections with sealant. An oil filter can be purchased at a store that sells auto parts.
It must be borne in mind that when closing the inlet, the bucket may crack. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the walls of the bucket in some way, or provide something like a valve. The main thing is not to rush in this matter, measure all the connections, and then you will succeed.
Only one of the options is described above. There are many similar designs. Instead of a bucket they use plastic barrels, there are designs where the role of a bucket is played by fan pipe. Many craftsmen make their own containers from tin or thin iron.
Some inventors design a cyclone filter using a cone. This design often uses a traffic cone.
Option 2 (using a traffic cone)
The following parts and materials will be required:
- Road cone (can be purchased at a car store).
- Two meter rods 8 mm.
- Washers, nuts and lock washers 8 mm.
- Corrugated tubes with a diameter of 32 mm and a length of about 2 meters - two pieces.
Manufacturing process
- Cut off the stand at the very base of the cone. The cone is inserted into the bucket from above upside down. A tube is inserted inside the bucket. The space between the cone and the tube should be filled with construction foam.
- Cut a square out of 20 mm thick plywood so that the base of the cone fits into it and still has some space left. 4 holes with a diameter of 8 mm are drilled in the corners of the square. A hole is cut in the center for the tube; a corrugated hose will be placed on it, connecting the device to the vacuum cleaner.
- The lid for the bucket is cut out of multi-layer plywood and should fit tightly to the bucket. Glue a rubber gasket along its edges.
- A hole is sawed in the lid with a diameter for the narrow end of the cone.
- After the cone is inserted into the plywood cover, the joint is covered with foam. The cone should be placed upside down on the bucket, and is attached using four threaded rods, 50 cm long and 8 mm in diameter, they hold the plywood square with the cone screwed to it.
- Not far from the base of the cone, in its wide part, a hole is drilled for a tube to connect to a corrugated hose. Various construction waste will be sucked through it.
A fine filter is not used in this version of the cyclone, so fine dust can enter the vacuum cleaner turbine. When constructing such devices, vacuum cleaners with a bag are mainly used. Therefore, fine dust, if it gets inside, settles in the bag.
Options for homemade construction vacuum cleaners with an additional cyclone filter allow craftsmen to test various options, without fear of ruining the vacuum cleaner itself, since most of the debris is retained by the filter.
When making a cyclone filter with your own hands, do not be afraid to experiment, and in the end you will definitely achieve the desired result.
Quite often after various types work leaves a large amount of fine dust and debris that can only be removed with good vacuum cleaner. Simple home apparatus not suited for this. It is necessary to use a high-power industrial vacuum cleaner. You can make a filter for it yourself.
People who constantly work in the construction industry need to clean up a large amount of various small debris and dust. It could be old plaster, remains of foam plastic, drywall or wood dust. Such debris can settle in a thick layer throughout the room. It is very difficult to sweep this dust with a broom or wipe it with a rag, because due to large sizes Such cleaning of the premises will take a long time.
Using a vacuum cleaner in this case is optimal. A regular product used at home is not suitable for these purposes. The ingress of wood chips or sawdust will clog the vacuum cleaner or completely disable it. Also, a large amount of fine dust will quickly clog the dust collector, which will need to be cleaned every 20 minutes.
But construction vacuum cleaners are large, inconvenient to use and maintain, and have a very high cost. For this reason, some home craftsmen have learned to increase the capabilities of their household product by equipping it with a specialized cyclone filter. Such dust collectors can be purchased at hardware store or make it at home with your own hands. On the Internet you can find many drawings of dust collectors for woodworking workshops.
Experts highlight the following advantages of cyclone filters:
- no need to constantly buy disposable bags and containers for collecting fine dust;
- small sizes;
- quiet operation of the device;
- when the filter housing is made of transparent plastic, it is possible to monitor its contamination;
- high efficiency.
Operating principle of a cyclone filter
The cyclone consists of several parts:
- pipe branch;
- frame;
- dust collector;
- chamber with membrane filter;
- intake fan.
Dirty air enters the cylindrical body of the product through the pipe. The pipe is located tangentially to the side walls of the housing, so the air flow near the cylinder walls twists in a spiral. Due to centrifugal force, dirt particles are pressed against the body of the device and then fall into a special dust collector. The remaining air with dust particles enters another chamber, which is equipped with several membrane filters. As a result, all collected dust ends up in the receiving fan.
The membrane compartment is the least contaminated and must be cleaned only after cleaning. The collected dust is simply removed from a special storage device, and the device is again ready to perform its duties.
Vacuum cleaners with a similar principle of operation are much cheaper than water ones, but more expensive than membrane ones. For this reason, home craftsmen assemble the cyclone themselves and then connect it to a household vacuum cleaner.
DIY cyclone from scrap materials
It is quite easy to assemble a cyclone filter for a vacuum cleaner with your own hands. It is often necessary when processing wood. Together with a framer or an electric planer, a membrane-type vacuum cleaner gets clogged very quickly and needs to be cleaned frequently, which greatly distracts from production process. When a craftsman is engaged in carpentry in small room, That fine sawdust creates a lot of problems. For this purpose, a cyclone was designed and manufactured from simple details, which is not inferior to its factory counterparts.
Materials for production
To make a homemade cyclone, you will need the following materials:
Assembling a cyclone for a household vacuum cleaner
On the lid plastic containers a special bracket is attached for a small air filter, which can be made from a metal strip or corners. The air filter must fit very tightly to the plastic lid of the container. Otherwise, dusty air will enter the outlet pipe. Next, the outlet pipe must be sealed tightly on top of the lid. Through it, purified air will flow into the household vacuum cleaner. Experts advise leaving the membrane filter of the household product. This will help keep the fan free from dirt and will not weaken the air flow.
Near the air filter it is worth placing a special dust trap, which is assembled from thin metal sheet. This element is capable of repelling small particles of dirt that do not fall under the influence of gravity, which allows you to clean the filter much less frequently. The old one can do the same job women's stocking, which protects the filter pores from large and light particles of dust.
The homemade inlet pipe must be positioned tangentially to the walls of the housing and slightly tilted towards the bottom of the device. Dirty air will be immediately sent in the right direction. To ensure that the walls of the container do not collapse due to the vacuum environment, they must be well reinforced with a strip of metal. Plastic containers are not able to withstand heavy loads because the material is quite thin. Since the device is large in size, it is worth making a plywood frame, which it would not hurt to equip with small swivel wheels.
Next, you need to properly fasten it to the frame assembled filter and a household vacuum cleaner. The fastening must be ensured quick dismantling to clean the container from collected debris. At the end of the work, you need to test the device. At the bottom plastic container All trash must remain.
How to make an aqua filter for a vacuum cleaner
When a person does not need a professional construction vacuum cleaner, he can make water filter for chips in a different way. For example, it can be made from an ordinary traffic cone. Any plastic container with thick walls and a well-closing lid will serve as a dust collector. It is worth noting that plastic container plays a role air system , and leakage has a bad effect on the power of the device. It is necessary to cut the support square from the traffic cone. Based on the resulting hole shape, you need to cut out the top cover from plywood.
An outlet pipe is fixed into the top cover using sealant, which should be made from ordinary sewer pipe. This part must be lowered to the middle of the construction cone. When it is raised higher, the dust swirl will be incorrect. If the outlet pipe goes down too low, dirt will be sucked into it.
The narrow part of the traffic cone is also sealed into a circle of plywood, which is attached to the trash compartment. It is worth checking the tightness of all seams and connections several times. An inlet pipe is placed near the upper cut of the cone, into which dirty air will enter.
Next, you need to check that the dust collector is assembled correctly. The outlet pipe must be connected to the inlet of a household vacuum cleaner using a factory hose. Therefore, the nozzle should be selected in accordance with the diameter of the vacuum cleaner hose. The waste collection hose is connected to the inlet pipe of the product. A test run is required. When the device is assembled correctly, all debris will accumulate at the bottom of the plastic container, and the membrane filter of the household vacuum cleaner should remain clean.
You can make the cone shape with your own hands. For example, make it from metal sheet, having previously calculated the layout of the product. An old galvanized metal bucket may also work.
If a person has his own workshop, then one of the most important issues is cleaning the premises. But unlike cleaning dust in an apartment, an ordinary household vacuum cleaner will not help here, since it is not designed for construction waste and sawdust - its garbage container (dust container or bag) will very quickly become clogged and become unusable. Therefore, they often use a homemade cyclone filter, which, together with a household vacuum cleaner, will help clean the workshop.
Introduction
Wood dust and other technical debris, although it seems harmless at first glance, actually pose many different dangers, both for the master and for the equipment. For example, prolonged work without protective equipment that prevents dust from entering the respiratory system can cause serious complications with the respiratory tract, impair the sense of smell, etc. In addition, a tool that is in the workshop under the influence of dust can quickly fail. This happens because:
- dust, mixing with lubricant inside the tool, forms a mixture that is completely unsuitable for lubricating moving parts, which results in overheating and further damage
- dust can make it difficult for the moving parts of the tool to rotate, which leads to additional stress, overheating and failure,
- dust clogs the air ducts designed to ventilate the heated parts of the tool and remove heat from them, again resulting in overheating, deformation and failure.
Thus, the issue of the quality of removal of sawing products and, in general, cleaning of the premises is very acute. Modern power tools are equipped with systems for removing dust and chips directly from the sawing area, which prevents dust from spreading throughout the workshop. In any case, the dust removal process requires a vacuum cleaner (or chip cleaner)!
There are good industrial vacuum cleaners and if possible, it is better to choose the most best option price and quality and buy a construction vacuum cleaner.
However, there are cases when you already have a household vacuum cleaner and it is easier to upgrade it and solve the problem of collecting construction waste indoors. To do this, you need to use a cyclone filter - it can be done in half an hour if all the necessary elements are available.
Principle of operation
There are a great many different designs of cyclones, but they all share the same operating principle. All designs of cyclone chip suckers consist of three main parts:
- Household vacuum cleaner
- Cyclone filter
- Waste collection container
Its design is such that the flow of intake air is directed in a circle and its rotational movement is obtained. Accordingly, the construction waste contained in this air flow (these are large and heavy fractions) is acted upon by a centrifugal force, which presses it against the walls of the cyclone chamber and, under the influence of gravity, it gradually settles in the tank.
The disadvantage of a cyclone vacuum cleaner is that in this way you can only collect dry garbage, but if there is water in the garbage, then there will be problems when sucking up such a substance.
The vacuum cleaner must be powerful enough, since in its normal mode of operation it is assumed that air is sucked through a standard hose. If an additional cyclone filter is used, an additional filter appears in the air path, and the total length of the air duct is more than doubled due to the additional air duct. Since the design is as maneuverable as a separate vacuum cleaner, the length of the last hose should be sufficient for comfortable work.
Preparatory work
As mentioned above, you can make a cyclone filter for a workshop in half an hour, but to do this you need to check the availability of everything necessary for the production of a chip blower with your own hands, namely: tools, materials and consumables.
Tools
To carry out the work, the following tools will be needed:
- electric drill,
- screwdriver,
- jigsaw,
- compass,
- clamps,
- Phillips screwdriver,
- pencil,
- on wood (50-60mm),
- kit .
Materials and fasteners
Materials can be used both new and used, so carefully review the list below - you may already have something in stock;
- The air duct (hose) for a vacuum cleaner is corrugated or in a textile braid.
- A sewer pipe with a diameter of 50 mm and a length of 100–150 mm, into one of the ends of which the air duct of your household vacuum cleaner should be inserted.
- Sewer outlet 30 or 45 degrees, 100–200 mm long, into one end of which the air duct specified in paragraph 1 will be inserted.
- Plastic bucket (“large”) 11-26 liters with a hermetically sealed lid.
- Bucket (“small”) plastic 5-11 liters. Note. It is important that the difference between the two maximum diameters of the buckets is approximately 60–70 mm.
- Sheet 15–20 mm thick. Note. The sheet size must be larger than the maximum diameter of the Large Bucket.
- Wood screws with a flat wide head and a length of 2/3 of the thickness.
- Universal gel sealant.
Table standard sizes round plastic buckets.
| Volume, l | Cover diameter, mm | Height, mm |
| 1,0 | 125 | 115 |
| 1,2 | 132 | 132 |
| 2,2 | 160 | 150 |
| 2,3 | 175 | 133 |
| 2,6 | 200 | 124 |
| 3,0 | 200 | 139 |
| 3,4 | 200 | 155 |
| 3,8 | 200 | 177 |
| 3,8 | 200 | 177 |
| 5,0 | 225 | 195 |
| 11 | 292 | 223 |
| 18 | 326 | 275 |
| 21 | 326 | 332 |
| 26 | 380 | 325 |
| 33 | 380 | 389 |
Making a cyclone filter
Creating a homemade chip sucker consists of a number of stages:
- Creating a retaining ring and a shaped insert
- Installing the Retaining Ring
- Installation side pipe
- Top entry installation
- Installing a shaped insert
- Cyclone filter assembly
Creating a retaining ring and a shaped insert
It is necessary to cut off the side of a small bucket, which is used to attach the lid. The result should be a cylinder like this (well, slightly conical).
We make markings - place a small bucket on it and draw a line along the edge - we get a circle.
Then we determine the center of this circle (see. school course geometry) and mark another circle, the radius of which is 30 mm larger than the existing one. Then we mark the ring and the shaped insert, as shown in the figure.
Installing the Retaining Ring
We fix the ring on the edge of a small bucket so that we get a side. We fasten using self-tapping screws. It is advisable to pre-drill the holes to avoid splitting.
We mark the roof of a large bucket. To mark, you need to place the bucket itself on the lid of a large bucket and trace its outline. It is better to make markings with a felt-tip pen, as the mark is clearly visible.
It is important to note that all connections must be airtight; therefore, before installing the cover, the connection area must be coated with sealant. You also need to coat the junction of the wooden ring and the small bucket.
Installing the side pipe
The side pipe is made from a sewer outlet of 30 degrees (or 45 degrees). To install it, you need to drill a hole in the top of the small bucket with a crown. Notice that the top of the small bucket has now become its bottom.
Top entry installation
To make the upper input, you need to drill a hole in the upper part of the chip sucker (small bucket), that is, in the center of the former bottom.
To firmly fix the inlet pipe, use additional element strength in the form of a square piece of 20 mm thickness with a central hole for a 50 mm pipe.
This workpiece is fastened from below with four self-tapping screws. Before installation, the joint must be coated with sealant to ensure a tight seal.
Installing a shaped insert
The shaped insert is a very important component of a homemade chip cleaner; it must be secured inside the cyclone filter, as shown in the photo.
Cyclone filter assembly
Then you need to connect the air ducts correctly:
- Upper pipe – to a household vacuum cleaner
- An angled outlet that enters from the side at an angle to the hose.
Homemade cyclone The vacuum cleaner (chip cleaner) is ready.
Video
Video this review is based on:
Large debris in the workshop can always be swept away and taken to a landfill in bags. But what to do with dust, metal or wood shavings, and numerous other microscopic industrial wastes? The purchase can take a toll on your wallet. But a regular vacuum cleaner will not cope with such a job. But if you make your own cyclone for a vacuum cleaner or even your own construction vacuum cleaner, you can save yourself from a number of problems!
Why do you need a cyclone filter?
Construction, metal or wood dust appears to be completely harmless. But this is only at first glance. Working in a room where a lot of dust has accumulated can harm the respiratory system and cause serious illness. And the instruments will deteriorate from the endless stream of garbage. There may be several reasons:
- Dust gets into the tool and onto the lubricant inside it. As a result, it overheats and fails.
- If the device has moving parts, then dust may well hinder their operation and also lead to breakdowns in the future.
- Dust can clog special ventilation holes, which are designed to cool the instrument. The result is overheating and breakdown again.
The cyclone filter will ensure the collection of any waste in production without harm to the vacuum cleaner.
Principle of operation
Using an aerodynamic air flow, the filter will bind dust particles together. In turn, centrifugal force begins to act, pressing them against the walls of the container. And then gravity causes the debris to settle to the bottom.
There are many diagrams showing the operation of cyclone filters. One of them can be seen below.
Cyclone filter device
You can make this or a similar filter yourself. There are a huge variety of design options, but they all have one thing in common – the principle of operation. Any design will consist of:
- A regular vacuum cleaner (preferably a powerful one);
- Cyclone filter;
- Containers that collect garbage.
Throughout the entire structure. In normal condition, it is designed for cleaning the house, sucking up small debris and dust. In this case, a cyclone filter appears, which means the length of the air duct will be increased almost three times, and accordingly the load on the device will be greater. The design turns out to be quite massive, unlike a conventional vacuum cleaner, so this trick is necessary to ensure that the hose is long enough for comfortable cleaning.
DIY construction vacuum cleaner: what you need
As mentioned above, you can use a regular household vacuum cleaner. But many masters are not attracted to this option, so the best solution becomes a homemade unit.
In order to make such a device, even if it has survived from the distant Soviet past. This is the advantage that homemade vacuum cleaners can be made from unnecessary old units.
So, from the vacuum cleaner we extract the following elements:
- Motor;
- Cord connecting the device to the network;
- Power control device;
- Suction corrugation.
For the body, prepare:
- Plastic pipe with a diameter of 5 cm;
- Container with lid;
- A sheet of plywood about 0.5 cm thick;
- 14 nuts and bolts M6 each;
- Galvanized sheet metal strip;
- Car filter (from a minibus);
- Switch – 220 V;
- Sealant;
- Sandpaper;
- Glue gun sticks;
- Corrugated hose (can be from a washing machine);
- Threaded rod with nuts and washers;
- Electrical corrugation PND32.
It’s worth preparing the tools right away:
- Drill;
- Glue gun;
- Sealant gun;
- Locksmith keys;
- Screwdrivers;
- Jigsaw;
- Wire cutters.
Manufacturing
At a distance of approximately 10 centimeters from the top of the container, we make a hole into which we connect the pipe. The hole should be an oval, even shape. The pipe is placed in it at a slightly downward angle, tightly adjacent to the wall. Use a glue gun to secure the result, as in image 2.
A pipe inserted into a pre-made hole in a barrel
We attach an adapter from the inside to connect the suction hose.
We cut out two circles approximately half the size of the lid, and drill holes for the bolts. The parts are attached on both sides. Afterwards, other circles are drilled, and their surface is cleared of burrs using sandpaper. We cover the perimeter of the product with sealant, after which they are installed and finally secured. The hole for the pin is made in the center. A little to the left there will be a larger hole for air intake.
Location of the stud and air vent hole
We will need an air filter without a mesh (it will become clogged with debris, which is extremely unprofitable) in which it is placed. It must be removed with pliers. One side of the cylinder should be closed with a plywood plug. The filter is secured to the stud with a nut.
By the way, the filter will help not only get rid of dust, but also prevent the inhalation of dangerous small particles, such as toner. If you use a regular vacuum cleaner in in this case, the bags easily become clogged with toner dust. In this case, all particles will settle in the collection container.
To make it more convenient to attach, you can cut it together with plastic parts. To secure it to the lid, you will need a clamp, which can be made from a strip of tin.
The switch and regulator are located nearby. After this, all parts are connected to each other with wires, and the wire and plug are connected.
Make sure that everything is connected correctly and there are no exposed wires, and only then check the operation of the device.
Location of the motor, switch and power regulator
The length of the suction hose is usually not enough, so it is extended using a corrugated pipe.
Standard vacuum cleaner attachments will help bring order to any workshop. They can also be used to connect to equipment for direct waste collection, using simple adapters.
So, a homemade construction vacuum cleaner cyclone type ready!
What to do if you can’t make a vacuum cleaner yourself?
Of course, not everyone wants to make a vacuum cleaner from scratch, and necessary details may not be. In this case, a regular household vacuum cleaner, preferably with high power, is perfect. Next, you just need to make a cyclone filter for it, which will not require much expense. Most often it is made from a traffic cone or bucket. Let's consider both options.
A drawing of a homemade cyclone can be seen below.
Cyclone drawing
Traffic cone cyclone
Simple and in a fast way To build a cyclone for a vacuum cleaner directly with your own hands is to make it from a traffic cone.
What is needed for the job?
Once the production of the cyclone will be carried out with my own hands, need to prepare necessary tools And Consumables. So we prepare:
- Traffic cone;
- Plastic pipes (approximately 40 mm)
- Angle 45 degrees;
- Plywood;
- Pieces of laminated chipboard;
- Glue gun and sticks;
- A container with a lid, possibly for paint.
Let's start making
First, we take plywood to make a lid to cover the cone. Cutting out a circle required diameter, and cut two holes in it. One will be in the middle, the second parallel to the edge, as in Figure 6.
Circle made of plywood with holes for air inlet and outlet
A pipe inserted into one of the holes
A pipe must also be inserted into the second hole, but a 45-degree angle is placed on top of it. It is as the air moves through it that it will spin into a vortex. The angle is located inside the cone.
Angle position for proper air circulation in the cyclone
Afterwards the pipe is glued as in the case of the first one. The lid is ready. Next it is glued into the cone.
The tip of the cone must be cut off. Afterwards, it is inserted into the lid of the bucket in the center into a pre-prepared hole. The attachment point is glued. WITH inside the lid must be reinforced with pieces of chipboard. Afterwards they are tightened together with self-tapping screws.
The result is a product like in Figure 9.
Ready product
Cyclone filter from a bucket
One more simple material To make a cyclone filter, you can use an ordinary bucket, you can even use one from under paint. The volume must be calculated based on the power of the vacuum cleaner - this is approximately 1 liter of capacity for every 80-100 W.
The bucket must have a hermetically sealed lid, and the shape of the container itself must be round!
To make it you will need:
- Bucket with a lid (can be made from construction mixtures);
- Compass;
- 2 elbows 90 and 45 degrees;
- Plastic pipe;
- Silicone;
- Rubber or O-rings;
- Stationery knife;
- Glue gun.
Manufacturing
We make holes in the lid. You can use a factory compass, or you can use a homemade one. Screw two self-tapping screws into the wooden strip at a distance of exactly 2.7 centimeters from each other.
The center of each hole is marked 4 cm from the edge. Next, circles for the pipes are cut out at the marked locations.
We insert the elbow tightly into the socket, having previously applied silicone to its side. On the inside of the product, a seal is pulled onto the socket. If necessary, crimp with a clamp. It will look like in Figure 10.
Insert the pipes into the bucket lid, turning the angle correctly
WITH outside the inlet pipe is almost flush with the lid. On the reverse side, the knee is directed by the rotating part to the center of the bucket. But for the desired effect, it is equipped with a 45-degree turn, which is directed obliquely downwards as in Figure 11.
Back view
The second pipe, which will draw air, is located in the opposite direction. An elbow is inserted into it so that air is drawn in from the wall of the bucket. It is necessary in each case to use o-rings; they will securely secure the pipes and prevent them from rotating.
We conclude that you can make a cyclone for a vacuum cleaner with your own hands quickly and easily, using available tools. The output should be something like the one in the figure below.
Cyclone filter connected to a household vacuum cleaner
Difficulties that you may encounter during work
It is not difficult, as we have seen, to create a cyclone filter with your own hands, or even a homemade vacuum cleaner, if you have the necessary materials.
In some cases, it is recommended to take metal containers for collecting garbage, as they are considered more durable. If you have a vacuum cleaner with enormous power, the plastic bucket can “collapse,” so to speak. It is drawn inward due to the strong flow of intake air. This happens extremely rarely, but it is better to immediately provide for this option. It can be leveled, but the damage to the product will be obvious. So you always need to take into account the quality of the plastic and the power of the device. In the case of a traffic cone, this problem does not arise.
Making a cyclone for a vacuum cleaner with your own hands will not be difficult if you have experience working with tools. The installation, called a cyclone, acts as an effective air purifier from small debris and dust. Many woodworking machines are equipped with nozzles for chip removal. A homemade cyclone is connected to this pipe.
People who were on the territory industrial enterprises, paid attention to the conical structures with their apex facing downwards. These are industrial cyclones designed to clean polluted air. The problem of creating a cyclone filter with your own hands worries owners of home workshops.
The operation of a cyclone is as follows:
- The contaminated air flow flows through a hose from the machine nozzle into a separate chamber;
- Air enters the container through a side pipe installed at the top of the cyclone body;
- At the top of the body, a flexible hose is connected to the vertical air duct and connected to the vacuum cleaner;
- The vacuum cleaner provides traction to the air flow inside the device;
- A vortex flow is created in the chamber, moving spirally along the walls of the chamber - from top to bottom;
- Solid particles fall down into the chamber opening and then end up in the waste bin;
- The purified air rushes upward, passing through the filter, and enters the vacuum cleaner hose;
- At the end of the work, the accumulated debris (chips and dust) is removed from the storage tank.
You can purchase a ready-made product for purifying the air from contaminants (sawdust, dust and debris), but the simplicity of the device attracts many minds to making a cyclone with their own hands. The variety of auxiliary materials, as well as the availability of universal tools, allows you to create cyclones of a wide variety of models.
A self-made filter does not take much time and saves cash. Let's present several options for making cyclone filters with your own hands.
Cyclone made of plastic buckets
As the body of the device, you can use 10 liter plastic buckets from water-based paint. Prepare the following tools and materials.
Tools
- construction knife;
- marker or pencil;
- compass;
- jigsaw;
- screwdriver;
- hacksaw;
- awl;
- glue gun
Materials
- two plastic 10 liter buckets;
- PVC water pipe and angle ø 32 mm;
- car air filter;
- glue stick;
- construction plywood;
- roofing iron;
- self-tapping screws;
- vacuum cleaner hoses;
- wood glue;
- sealant.
Step-by-step instructions for assembling a cyclone
- Remove the lids from the buckets. One of them is cut in half lengthwise.
- The pipe section is enclosed in a box-shaped plywood structure.
- Plywood boards are glued together with wood glue so that the pipe fits tightly inside the box.
- The space between the pipe and the plywood is filled with sealant.
- Make a template from cardboard or thick paper that follows the curve of the side surface of the bucket in its upper part (70 - 100 mm from the lid of the container).
- Having attached the template to the box, draw a bend line with a pencil or marker.
- Using a jigsaw, cut the box along with the pipe, following the intended line.
- The structure is leaned against the bucket.
- From the inside of the container, use a pencil to mark the contours of the pipe opening. This is done in such a way that the pipe enters the hole at an angle downwards (20 - 300 from the horizontal)
- An opening is cut out with a knife.
- Holes are pierced with an awl along the perimeter of the leaning plywood from the inside of the container.
- Using a screwdriver and self-tapping screws, attach the plywood frame of the pipe to the bucket through the holes.
- After checking the reliability of the box, from the outside glue gun seal the contact perimeter.
- A circle is cut out of roofing iron with a diameter equal to the inner circumference of the bucket - at a height of 70 mm from the bottom. Marking is done with a compass.
- The tin circle is cut in half from the center to the edge.
- The outer edges of the cut are spread at an angle of 300.
- The shaped insert is installed in the bucket by surprise.
- A screw-shaped tin insert will promote the swirling of sawdust, shavings and dust, which will quickly be sent to the storage tank (1/2 of the second bucket).
- The bottom of the top bucket is cut off.
- The cyclone chamber is tightly inserted into the storage tank.
- A hole ø 32 mm is cut in the lid of the top bucket. This can be done with an appropriate reamer or knife.
- A pipe 300 mm long is lowered into the hole so that a pipe 70 mm high remains outside.
- The joint is treated with a glue gun.
- The side pipe is connected with a hose to the nozzle of a woodworking machine or waste collector.
- The protruding pipe from the bucket lid is connected to the vacuum cleaner hose.
- In order for completely purified air to enter the vacuum cleaner, a cylindrical air filter is placed on the lower end of the pipe.
- A patch is cut out of tin along the outer diameter of the filter. The patch (plug) is cut out with three tongues.
- Three strips of tin are attached to the tongues of the plug with screws or rivets, the upper ends of which are bent.
- The bends are attached to the back surface of the bucket lid with screws.
- The connection between the plug and the lower hole of the filter is sealed with a glue gun.
The cyclone filter is ready for use. As needed, the upper part of the cyclone is removed from the storage tank and its debris is emptied. The filter is periodically cleaned with a toothbrush, moving the bristles into the folds of the corrugation.
You don’t have to make a box-shaped frame for the side pipe, but cut and bend its outer edges. Then fasten the bent sides to the edges of the bucket hole with screws or rivets. But such a connection will be less reliable than the fastening described above.
Cyclone with figured insert
Take two plastic buckets - 5 and 10 liters. The cyclone is assembled as follows:
- The top side of a 5 liter bucket is cut off with a knife.
- The container is turned over and placed on a sheet of plywood. Draw a pencil around the bucket.
- Using a compass, mark another circle, with a radius 30 mm larger.
- Inside the ring, two holes are cut with a crown and the contour of the figured insert is applied.
- The jigsaw blade is inserted one by one into these holes and a shaped insert and a fixing ring are cut out. The insert is an unfinished circle with an expanded base (100 mm).
- The ring is applied to the back of the lid of a large bucket and outlined with a pencil.
- The middle of the lid is cut out with a knife.
- Use a drill to drill holes at the top of the small container.
- The fixing ring is placed on the bucket. Using a screwdriver, screw the screws through the holes in the bucket into the ring.
- A circle of lid from a 10 liter bucket is placed on the fixing belt with the side up.
- The circle from the lid is secured with self-tapping screws to the fixing ring.
- In the cyclone body, 2 holes ø 40 mm are made with a crown - on the side and on the top.
- A square is cut out of plywood, in which an opening of the same diameter is made with a crown. The frame is placed on the cyclone body cover, aligning the holes. The frame is secured with self-tapping screws from inside the lid.
- I install the shaped insert just below the fixing ring. Self-tapping screws are screwed into the outside of the container and go into the body of the insert.
- Insert into frame PVC pipe, whose lower end does not reach the figured insert by 40 mm. At the top, the pipe should protrude 40 mm above the surface of the lid.
- The side opening of the cyclone body is expanded in the shape of a horizontal drop.
- A corner PVC pipe is glued into the opening with hot glue.
- I put the chip ejector housing on a large bucket (storage) and snap the lid on.
- A vacuum cleaner hose is inserted into the upper outlet. The side pipe is connected with a hose to the waste collection nozzle.
- All joint seams are sealed with a glue gun or a syringe with sealant. The device is ready for use.
Many may have a question: what is a curly insert for? The insert forms the correct direction of air flow inside the cyclone. At the same time, the horizontal platform repels the air pressure upward and allows sawdust and other debris to gradually settle in the storage tank.
Chip extraction from the sewer riser
To make a chip extractor from plastic sewer fittings, you will need the following tools and materials.
Tools
- angle machine;
- drill;
- glue gun;
- riveter;
- jigsaw;
- construction knife.
Materials
- PVC Sewer pipe ø 100 mm;
- PVC pipe ø 40 mm;
- hose;
- rivets;
- glue stick;
- fixing rings - clamps;
- two 2-liter bottles;
- 5 liter eggplant.
Step-by-step instructions for assembling a chip ejector
- From sewer riser cut off the neck, leaving a piece 1 m long.
- The plastic bottle is cut, leaving a part of the cylinder with a cone, neck and stopper.
- Holes are drilled in both plugs. The plugs are glued together with a gun and tightened with a clamp.
- The cut bottle is inserted into the lower hole of the riser. The connection is sealed with hot glue and tightened with a clamp.
- A hole ø 40 mm is cut into the side of the PVC pipe. A pipe 70 mm long is inserted into it. The joints are sealed.
- 3 circles ø 100 mm are cut out of tin using a jigsaw.
- A hole ø 40 mm is cut in the center of each circle.
- The resulting disks are cut in half.
- The halves are sequentially connected to each other with rivets, resulting in a screw.
- A PVC pipe ø 40 mm is threaded inside the spiral. The pipe is connected to the screw with hot melt adhesive.
- The entire structure is pulled into the riser so that the upper part of the pipe protrudes 100 mm above the riser opening. In this case, the auger must remain inside the cyclone body.
- The neck and bottom of a 5-liter eggplant are cut off so that the lower part of the cone fits tightly onto the upper end of the sewer pipe. The outer diameter of the connection is glued with a gun.
- The upper hole of the neck is glued to the outlet of the inner pipe.
- A storage bottle is screwed into the bottom cap.
- IN horizontal pipe insert a hose pipe, the second end of which is connected to the nozzle of the shavings and sawdust collector of a woodworking machine (circuit saw, router or other equipment).
- The vertical outlet is connected to the branch pipe by the hoses of the vacuum cleaner. The chip ejector is ready for use.
The debris “flows” down the surface of the auger and ends up in a bottle (garbage container). The air, freed from solid inclusions, goes up the inner pipe. To clean the drive, just unscrew plastic bottle from the cork and shake out all its contents.
Cyclone from a road token
The original method of making a cyclone from a road chip attracts many homemade enthusiasts. The shape of the chip is a cone made of fairly thick plastic.
Proceed as follows:
- The bottom and top of the cone are cut off with a hacksaw or circular saw.
- The chip is turned over and inserted into a suitable container, which will serve as a garbage container.
- Measure the diameter of the upper opening and cut it out of dense material round lid appropriate size.
- A hole is cut in the lid with a crown into which a PVC pipe ø 40 mm is inserted.
- Cut out a teardrop-shaped side hole into which a corner PVC pipe is glued.
- All connections are treated with a hot glue gun.
- The chip ejector is connected by hoses to a vacuum cleaner and a chip collection nozzle.
Upon completion of the work, the device is ready for use.
Do-it-yourself snail for chip removal
Power of a household vacuum cleaner for some types of processing wooden blanks may be insufficient. To clean large volumes of air, they make a snail-type chip extractor with their own hands. The body of the device resembles a snail shell in its shape.
Craftsmen make the snail body from two types of materials - metal and wood. Creating a metal case will require the use of welding machine and ability to operate this equipment. There is another way - making a snail from construction plywood.
To work with plywood in a home workshop, you need to have a jigsaw, drill and other woodworking tools. The most important detail The exhaust fan is an air intake wheel. It is made from lightweight materials such as wood, plastic and the like. The impeller is assembled in such a way that the blades are curved or rotated with the inner edge relative to the wheel radius line by 450.
The outlet hole is connected to the cyclone filter using adapter couplings and hoses. The axis of the air intake wheel is connected directly to the electric motor shaft or a belt drive is installed, which is preferable to coaxial joining. Firstly, the pulley on the wheel axle is easier to isolate from side opening snails, which increases the performance of the device. Secondly, the removal of the electric motor contributes to its necessary cooling.
The feasibility of using snails is due to large production volumes. The engine power is selected in accordance with the operating mode of the exhaust fan. Usually it is enough to install a motor with a power of 5 kW to 30 kW asynchronous type. It is advisable to connect the power unit through a shaft speed control device.
Conclusion
A do-it-yourself cyclone filter not only ensures cleanliness in your home workshop or living space, but also protects the respiratory tract and lungs of the people around you. The existence of various “recipes” for making a cyclone with your own hands confirms that, if desired, every lover of making homemade products can do this.
