When can you make a house façade without a plinth? The plinth may be absent in houses in which the facade is made of weather-resistant materials with high strength, such as clinker brick or a natural stone. In the case of a facade finished with durable materials, the plinth can be reduced so that it is almost invisible. If the house is being plastered, then it is necessary to choose hydrophobic facade plaster - non-absorbent water, with which dirt is easily washed off and does not require cleaning. Such facade plasters are silicone plasters.
The base can be hidden, that is, hidden by the lower fragment of the façade cladding made of clinker facade tiles under brick or boards, which are already hardened at the factory and coated with several layers of weather-resistant varnish.
How to properly insulate the base?
When insulating a building that does not have a base, it is good to make the lower section of the thermal insulation of the walls before contact with the ground (about 30 cm) from a moisture-resistant material, for example, polyurethane foam and extruded polystyrene foam, even if polystyrene foam or mineral wool. If the house is to be finished with plaster, the wall should not extend straight to the base. Leave a very small base and finish it in the usual way, for example with facade clinker tiles.
How to get the effect of a house without a base?
To get the effect of a house without a plinth, where the facade is finished with clinker facing bricks, the lower part of the facade is above the ground foundation wall made from the same material as the cladding of the walls of the first floor. In the façade and plinth, finished with clinker bricks, be sure to leave vertical blanks colored solution seams. These seams will be holes for air ventilation - ventilation slots. Particular care must be taken to ensure adequate drainage of the strip around the house. IN modern houses, stone slabs and facing ceramic brick. They can be laid in such a way that the lowest element ends 2-3 cm above the ground.
Only in the case of wall construction with a ventilated facade can we afford to build façade walls without a plinth, a wall that goes down to the ground covering the plinth. Then the accumulated water near the foundation wall can evaporate freely without destroying the structure of other layers. In the case of slab facades, it is necessary to strictly follow the rules for installing a ventilated facade.
How to make a bandage that curls along the ground along the facade?
Along the walls of the building on the ground, a wall protection bandage should be paving, limiting the penetration of rainwater directly into the walls of the house. The dressing should be selected depending on the type of soil. If the ground absorbs water, we use gravel, expanded clay or crushed stone. If the soil is impermeable, then concrete paving stones or clinker paving stones or concrete tiles.
The dressing should not retain water. It must “breathe” because this facilitates the evaporation of water from the soil. Regardless of what material the bandage is made of, it should have a slope of about 2%, which causes automatic drainage of water. In addition, the water should flow towards the garden and not onto the front of the house. Drainpipes that drain rainwater from the roof must be installed in the gutter sump, and then into the storm drain. This will maximize the protection of the foundation from moisture. In areas with high levels groundwater, it is worth making drainage around the house.
View samples of materials for the plinth, as well as wall materials ceramic blocks and facing clinker bricks, you can get advice and buy this material in our office at Moscow, Prospekt Mira, 69.
- Why does a house need a basement?
- Basement of a house with double-layer walls.
- Features of basement waterproofing.
- Elimination of cold bridges in the basement.
The basement is the above-ground part of the foundation. This is a rather complex knot, where the vertical (basement, walls) and horizontal (floors and ceilings) structures of the house converge and adjoin each other.
Correct design, waterproofing and insulation of the base - the necessary conditions for the construction of a durable, economical and heat-saving house.
The figure below clearly shows what will happen if the house has a very low base.
Plinth with a height of at least 20 cm. protects walls from moisture (in the picture on the left) A low base and absence of a base leads to moisture in the wall of the house (in the picture in the center and on the right)
The height of the base of a private house must be at least 20 cm. With a low base, there is a high risk of moisture in the wall of the house. The walls will be moistened by splashes when raindrops hit the ground, when snowdrifts melt, or from capillary suction of moisture directly from the ground.
Damp walls lose their heat-saving properties. Water freezing in the walls gradually destroys them. Dirt, dampness, fungus and mold appear on the walls outside and inside the house.
In areas with high snow cover, it is better to make the height of the base no lower than the level of stable snow cover. This rule is especially important to follow for houses with wooden walls.
To protect the walls of the house from moisture coming from the ground, two lines of defense are created:
- They increase the height of the base in order to remove the walls of the house as far as possible from the ground, the source of moisture.
- Arrange waterproofing of the walls of the house and the basement in danger zone exposure to moisture.
High plinth increases the cost of building a house. Therefore, depending on the design of the walls and, they try to find a reasonable compromise between the size of the plinth and the level of waterproofing.
Be sure to arrange it between the base and the wall of the house.horizontal layer roll waterproofing.
In some cases, which are discussed below, it is necessary to do additional waterproofing of the walls of the house.
For a private home it is recommended to make a recessed base. In a sinking plinth, the outer surface of the wall protrudes beyond the border of the plinth by about 50 mm. The water falling on the surface of the wall flows down and falls from the wall past the base onto the blind area. This solution prevents water flowing down the wall from reaching the horizontal waterproofing and flow along it into the wall. For better water drainage A drip line is secured along the lower edge of the wall.
It should be noted that in addition to the moisture-proof function, the base plays a certain role in the architectural appearance of the house. A house on a high base looks more solid and impressive, and finishing the base can highlight the beauty of the floors of the house.
Correct basement of a house with single-layer external walls
The height of the basement of a house with single-layer external walls must be at least 50 cm.(in the picture on the left) Or for a plinth height of less than 50 cm, but not lower than 20 cm., additional waterproofing of the walls is necessary. (in the picture on the right) The outer surface of single-layer walls is less protected from moisture than that of multi-layer walls. Therefore, it is recommended that the base of a house with a height of at least 50 cm.
If the base of a single-layer wall is below 50 cm., That arrange additional waterproofing in two places:
- In the wall, above the first or second layer of masonry made of aerated concrete or porous ceramic blocks, another layer of roll waterproofing is laid.
- The outer surface of the wall, in the area of the lower rows of masonry, is protected from water by a layer of vertical waterproofing. To do this, it is enough to use hydrophobic primers and waterproof plasters when finishing the wall. It is better, but more expensive, to line the base and lower part of the walls with a material with low water absorption, for example, clinker tiles.
Plinth design for a single-layer wall houses with basement or at home on foundation - slab Can
Dimensions of the basement of a house with two-layer external walls
The minimum height of the plinth for a two-layer wall insulated with polystyrene foam is 20 cm. For a wall insulated with mineral wool, it is recommended not less than 30 cm.(in the left picture) A low base will lead to moisture exterior finishing and soaking mineral wool insulation(in the picture on the right) Besides, thermal insulation of the base eliminates the cold bridge through the base and load-bearing part of the wall, bypassing the thermal insulation of the floor and wall.
In a single-layer wall, the floor is raised to the level of the second or third row of masonry. The vertical waterproofing of the base is raised to the same level. 2 - waterproofing; 4-5 - plaster on a grid; 8 - finishing; 9 - floor on the ground If on site or weakly heaving, then the task of combating the forces of frost heaving is not worth it. In this case, it is only necessary to get rid of the cold bridge through the base and load-bearing part of the wall.
To eliminate the cold bridge in a house with single-layer walls without insulation of the base, it is necessary to raise the floor to the level of the second or third row of masonry blocks of the outer wall. This is sufficient, since the material of a single-layer wall has low thermal conductivity.
The load-bearing part of two- or three-layer walls is usually made of material with high thermal conductivity. To eliminate the cold bridge in two- or three-layer walls, you can cover only the upper part of the base with insulation, by approximately 0.5 m. below floor level. This will increase the path length heat flow on the base.
If the basement space under the house is not heated, then the basement is covered with thermal insulation on both sides.
In multi-layer walls, to eliminate the cold bridge, cover one outer or both sides of the base with thermal insulation (for houses with an unheated basement or floors on the ground) For multilayer walls, another way to combat the cold bridge is used. The lower rows of masonry of the load-bearing part of the wall are made of wall material with low thermal conductivity. The floor level is raised in the same way as for a single-layer wall.
For insulating the base and underground part of the foundation, extruded polystyrene foam slabs (penoplex, etc.) are best suited.
It is convenient to insulate strip foundations. Design of pile foundations with bored (including TISE) or screw piles more suitable for a cold base. Insulation of such foundations is quite problematic and expensive.
The basement space of houses with pile foundations is usually not insulated. The construction of the basement and floor of the first floor of the house on pile foundation are chosen taking this circumstance into account.
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Today we will talk about plinth. One of the meanings of the word what?(Italian zoccolo - shoe with a wooden sole) - the lower part of the outer wall (most often protruding), which is located on the foundation.
We do not plan to cover the topic of building basements for a house completely - there is the Internet for that. We will tell you in detail everything about how we built a brick plinth on a monolithic reinforced concrete strip foundation for our house made of gas silicate blocks.
In this article, as usual, you will find a lot of specific, useful and, we hope, interesting material for you:
- briefly about the purpose of the base;
- briefly about the types of base;
- a detailed description of the construction of a brick plinth for our house from gas silicate blocks (foam concrete);
- new photos and audio recordings telling about the construction of the basement for the house.
Purpose of the base
The plinth is an intermediate structure located between the foundation and load-bearing walls.
- One of the purposes of the plinth is prevention the walls of your home from atmospheric precipitation (melting snow, rainwater, dew), capillary suction(moisture coming from the ground). If the house does not have a basement, then capillary moisture can rise up to 3 meters up the wall of your house. This can further lead to mold and rotting of the wall, loss of frost resistance and an increase in the thermal conductivity of the wall material.
- Since our house does not have a basement (basement) and the floor is located on the ground, the basement, takes on mechanical stress, which is caused by the backfilled earth inside the perimeter of the house;
- It rests on the base.
- For our house we poured . In this case the base will also allow you to “decorate” the perimeter future home.
Thus, on plinth the building is fully impacted. Therefore, to ensure the strength and safety of the base, it must be built from high-quality materials that have frost resistance, minimal moisture resistance and mechanical strength.
When building the basement for our house, we did not use new brick, but it was quite durable and good quality. This is clearly visible in the photos attached to the article. Thus, we were able to successfully solve two problems at once:
- minimized the cost of brick for the basement by using old brick;
- used solid brick good quality.
Base types
It should be noted that below we will talk about plinths, taking into account the final insulation or finishing of the walls and the plinth itself. This is an important note because... Directly when laying the base and walls, and then when finishing them, the location of the walls and base relative to each other may change.
There are three main types of base.
Sometimes you can find houses where the base protrudes outwards relative to the wall — protruding plinth. Such a base requires the construction of a protective drain. Since this type of base is most susceptible to weathering, it is necessary to use quality materials for finishing it. It is advisable to use this type of base if a thin-walled house has a ground floor (basement), which requires additional insulation. Or a protruding plinth is the architect’s way of expressing his idea. A protruding base is not often used when building a house.
Sometimes the plinth is flush with a wall. Also a fairly rarely used type of plinth for construction country house.
In our case, for walls made of gas silicate blocks, brick the base is “recessed” relative to the walls -sinking base. Why did we choose this type of base?
With a sinking base, rainwater flowing down the walls does not reach the junction between the wall and the base and flows unhindered to the ground. In this case, the waterproofing layer, hidden by the wall protrusion, is protected from precipitation and external mechanical influences. In addition, a sinking base allows you to save money during its construction:
- reducing costs for materials for the plinth,
- reduction of construction time;
- no need for a drainage device, as is the case with a protruding base.
It is optimal for the base to “sink” relative to the walls (taking into account the insulation and finishing performed) by at least 5 cm.
During the construction of our house, the basement took on the appearance of sinking after we insulated it with polystyrene foam and plastered the walls. When laying walls from blocks, the base protruded relative to the walls. In the photo on the left, when magnified, you can clearly see how during the laying of the walls, before their subsequent insulation and plastering, the brick base slightly “protrudes” beyond the walls.
Construction of a brick plinth on a strip monolithic reinforced concrete foundation for a house made of gas silicate blocks
So, your foundation has already been poured. It's time to start building the base.
First, listen to a short audio, and then we will describe in more detail all the steps of constructing the base:
1. Setting the corners when constructing the base.
When laying the base, as in the future, when laying, it is VERY IMPORTANT to set the corners correctly. Incorrectly set angles will lead, in the future, to incorrect wall laying. Incorrectly set corners of the plinth, if the deviation is insignificant, can be corrected when laying the first row of walls. However, you shouldn't count on this. It's better to do everything right at once.
The first thing to do is to initially lay out bricks in the four corners without mortar along the width of the future base. The bricks in the corners must be leveled.
Then, using a tape measure or using a strong thread (the thread should not stretch!) we very accurately measure the length and width of the sides of the future house, taking into account the laid out corners. It is also necessary to measure both diagonals. All measurements must be correspondingly equal: the length of one side must be equal to the length of the other side of the wall, etc.
If the measurements are equal, then you have done everything correctly and you can start laying the base. If some measurements do not match, this means that not all angles are equal to 90 degrees. and this urgently needs to be corrected. How can this be done?
It is necessary, by constantly rechecking all the measurements described above, by simultaneously moving the corner bricks along one of the sides (you didn’t use mortar when setting the corners, did you?), to find their optimal location in the corners, at which the measurements of the sides will respectively coincide or have no deviation more than 2-3 cm. With further laying, this difference can be eliminated.
2. Laying a brick base
The corners are set, all the measurements of the sides and diagonals coincide - it’s time to lay out the base. When laying the brick plinth we used. You can read more about this solution.
The width of the plinth depends on the material from which you plan to lay out the walls in the future. If the walls, like ours, are made of gas silicate sides (foam concrete) measuring 600 X 300 X 200, while the width of the masonry is 300 mm, and in the future you will insulate the house only with polystyrene foam followed by plastering, then the width of the plinth is one and a half bricks (380) as just the one you need. At the same time, do not forget that as a result of further insulation of the walls and finishing of the walls, the base should turn out to be sunken.
If, when laying walls from the same blocks, you plan to use brick for finishing after insulating the walls, then the base should be laid out two bricks wide (500).
In other words, to determine the width of the plinth, you first need to decide on the material of the walls and the material for further insulation and finishing of the walls and, if you consider it necessary, the plinth. Then make the necessary calculations.
How high should the base be? Even experienced builders sometimes disagree on this issue. It is believed that the height of the base should not be lower maximum height snow cover for the region over the past fifty years. A base of such a minimum height will protect the walls from capillary moisture, thereby increasing the durability of your home.
As for the maximum height, everyone chooses for themselves. The height of the base of our house is 40cm.
If your house has a basement, then the height of the basement is usually 70-100cm. Houses with a high base look more elegant than houses with a low base or no base at all. Regardless of whether you have a basement or not, you should not forget that the height of the basement regulates the height of the floor of the first floor.
Now you know what you need to pay attention to when it comes time to decide on the height and width of the base for your future home.
3. Waterproofing the base
In order for the plinth to adequately fulfill one of its purposes - protecting the walls of the house from moisture, it is necessary to carefully waterproof the plinth. We used roofing felt folded in half as waterproofing. We talked about this in great detail in the article devoted to laying the first row of blocks in the section. Please note that the waterproofing layer should be below the level of the future floor, or vice versa: the future floor should be installed higher. What is the location of the waterproofing layer?
Today there are many materials that can be used to waterproof a basement. wide and varied, it all depends on the planned cost of construction. Since our goal is to build an inexpensive house with our own hands, we were content with roofing felt, without losing any in the quality of construction.
Subscribe to FREE BONUS “Eight practical techniques that must be used when laying block walls” wall masonry provided you follow certain rules and know the secrets of masonry, it will not present any difficulties for you.
4. How to preserve a brick base if construction of a house is temporarily stopped?
If you are building a house over more than one construction period and, due to lack of funds or the onset of cold weather, are forced to suspend construction at the stage of readiness of the brick plinth, you need to take care of its safety.
Base - rising above ground level outer wall, which is a kind of transition between the foundations and the facade of housing construction. This upper part of the building can serve as walls for basements, semi-basements and basements.
The design and construction of the basement of a building requires a thorough approach. Special attention deserves such a parameter as height. A base that is too low will not be able to protect living spaces from moisture penetration. This negatively affects the integrity and service life of the building and makes living impossible.
The height of the base depends on the following parameters:
- type of base;
- house construction project;
- characteristic features of the soil;
- the intended purpose of the basement, if provided.
Construction regulations are also important and should not be ignored.
The costs of building the foundation and plinth make up the majority of the estimate. And if the project does not provide for a basement, some believe that the base can be made flush with the ground. This, of course, allows you to save money at the construction stage, but inevitably harms the building itself. The basement is an essential part of houses in the construction of which moisture-sensitive materials are used.
The main function of the basement part of the building is to protect the facade from contact with the ground. A barrier to soil water, rising through capillaries from the base, becomes waterproofing, which is laid directly between the walls of the facade and the base.
Along with isolating the building from the effects of groundwater, the plinth is assigned the following functions:
- protection of the facade from pollution;
- protection of the casing from mechanical damage;
- compensation for shrinkage under the weight of the structure;
- insulation of basement floors from negative influences;
- ensuring complete ventilation and increasing thermal insulation qualities;
In addition, the basement part gives the house aesthetic appeal and a complete look.
In order for the basement part of the building to perform all the functions assigned to it, it must have sufficient height. Otherwise, moisture will penetrate into residential premises, and the façade of the building will remain unprotected from pollution and mechanical stress.
According to building regulations and rules (SNiP), this parameter should not be less than 20 cm. This is the minimum indicator. It is better not to save money and build a base with a height of 30 to 40 cm. Structures built from wood are more susceptible to moisture, so the distance above ground level for the lower part should be at least half a meter and reach up to 90 cm.
The parameter from 20 to 90 cm is the recommended plinth height for buildings in the design of which there is no basement. If a house is being built with a basement, it can reach 2 meters. Taking into account climatic conditions and average precipitation allows you to calculate a more accurate indicator of the required height.
Doing this on your own is quite difficult, but possible. For this purpose, it is calculated average depth snow cover for several years, and 10 cm is added to the resulting value. This data can be obtained by analyzing weather forecasts.
Main types of base
The construction of a high base leads to an increase in cost estimates. This is not a reason to save money. The main thing that outer wall, rising above ground level, was durable and had high performance properties.
The height indicator depends not only on the soil, foundation, project, but also on the position of the plinth relative to the facade wall. It can be made in one of the following options:
- Those who are sinking. The outer wall is located inside the façade. This option is suitable for buildings with fairly thick walls.
- Speakers. The base plane is moved forward. This solution is the only one possible option for buildings with thin walls and ground floor.
- Flush. The basement part of the building smoothly transitions into the facade, that is, both the upper and lower parts are located in the same plane.
Each type has its own characteristics, affecting what the base will be like.
How does the type of base affect the height?
A protruding base is the most expensive option, but is necessary in cases where the project provides for a usable basement. The height in this case should be maximum. Otherwise it is impossible to achieve good thermal insulation characteristics. No savings in in this case it can not be.
For buildings that do not have a basement or ground floor, it is most advisable to choose a sinking option. The facade overhanging wall becomes an ideal protection for the foundation of the house from mechanical damage and adverse atmospheric precipitation. The height of such a base is kept to a minimum. The higher it is, the lower the degree of protection.
Base height and foundation type
The basement part of the building on a low foundation (slab, strip, pile-strip) is made of bricks or blocks. The first option is less reliable. Blocks allow you to achieve more high level security.
Both plinth options require a high-quality finish that provides protective functions. If groundwater lies close, drainage is installed, and if it is low, a blind area is installed. The height of the plinth is made no less than the minimum recommended if there is no basement. The minimum rate is taken solely to save money.
The pile foundation can be low, if the grillage is located directly at ground level, or raised. The most unstable is the columnar one, which requires mandatory compensation for soil heaving. For this purpose, the height is made at least 20 cm.
The gaps formed between pillars or piles are filled with bricks and covered with shields or asbestos-cement slabs. Due to the design features of the foundation itself, the base cannot be too high.
The height of the base when constructing buildings with a ground floor or basement
Buildings with usable basements are most widespread in private housing construction. The rationality of this solution is due to the possibility of using this part of the building both for economic needs, placing a laundry room, pantry, boiler room, cellar in the basement, and for expanding the living space, arranging a study, bedroom, gym, and so on.
Sometimes both of these purposes are combined. It all depends on the expected building area. The main thing is that this approach is more economical than adding an additional floor above ground level. Overall height there is much more basement here than in buildings without a used basement. According to SNiP, it is equal to at least 250 cm.
The amount by which the base will rise above ground level depends on the purpose of the basement. If it is intended to be used as a utility room, it is permissible to take the minimum limit. On the ground floor under living rooms You cannot save, so a small margin must be added to the recommended height.
The height of the base is one of the parameters that is of great importance when building a house. This is the lower part of the building, erected on a foundation and performing important functions related to retaining heat indoors. The plinth is necessary in order to protect the walls from the effects of groundwater; it prevents the formation of fungus and mold on the walls, increases the resistance of the structure low temperatures. Thanks to the presence of the base, the heat exchange between the interior and the street increases.
In order for this part of the house to meet all the requirements and contribute to the solution of the assigned tasks, it is necessary during construction not only to choose high-quality and reliable material, but also take into account the height of the basement being built.
How to determine the height of the plinth
One of the types of base is recessed The effectiveness of the protective functions performed by the base of a house directly depends on its height and type:
- The protruding base requires additional finishing and the construction of a canopy that protects the structure from precipitation and moisture accumulation. It becomes a decoration of the facade of any building.
- The sinking one is the most durable. In this option, the junction of the base and the walls of the house is completely protected from moisture, which guarantees increased safety of the foundation and protection of the waterproofing layer. When constructing this type, there is no need to construct mandatory water outlets.
- Level with the wall. The least popular type of base. It requires the construction of a canopy, and when additional finishing is carried out it becomes protruding.
The choice of the height of the basement being built is influenced by the type of foundation, the depth of groundwater, and climatic conditions in the area where construction is taking place. In addition, it is important to have a basement floor ( basement).
When starting work on the construction of a basement, it is worth considering that the higher it is, the less likely it is that interior spaces may be damaged by moisture penetration. Construction begins directly from the foundation of the house, and at the joints with the walls of the building it is required proper organization waterproofing, preventing possible penetration of moisture through the capillaries of the porous material into the walls of the building.
The base is flush with the wall The impact on the base is comprehensive, since it can withstand constant load from the walls. And in cases where the house does not have a basement and the floor is located on the ground, the base is also subject to the pressure of the earth buried inside the entire perimeter of the house.
If, in order to determine the width of the future basement, it is necessary to accurately determine the choice of material from which the walls of the house will be built, and its type depends on the quality of the foundation, then the height will depend on the presence of a basement, temperature regime, weather conditions and the amount of natural precipitation characteristic of the area where construction is taking place. These parameters vary greatly in different areas, so there are no strict guidelines for determining the height of the plinth.
Minimum height
The construction of the base begins directly from the foundation, and it is raised to a height of at least 40 centimeters. It is believed that this is the minimum height of the base of the house.
High base of the house This height is optimal if there is strip foundation, although on another basis a plinth of this height is erected, based on the decade-average level of snow falling annually in a given area. A basement of this height is erected only in cases where the house does not have a basement.
In some areas, the height of the base of the house is lower than this indicator. In particularly arid zones, the construction of a brick structure is allowed to a height of only 20 centimeters. But even here there is a risk of excessive moisture in the walls of the house when ordinary rainwater gets on them. In most cases, a properly constructed blind area can change the situation. Although, with a low height of the base, as well as with improper construction of the foundation, the walls of the house may suffer from capillary wetting of the walls with groundwater. This will lead to destruction of the material from the inside and a significant reduction in the life of the building.
Standard height
Standard height plinth Ground floor requires a significant increase in the height of the base itself. Now to the main functions that it is designed to perform this design, we also add the provision of installation in the technical room engineering systems, which include pumps or valves. In some cases, when choosing the height of the base, they are guided by the height of the ceilings of the basement.
The features of the construction of the foundation of the house remain important. If the foundation level coincides with the ground level, then the height of the base cannot be less than 70 centimeters, and sometimes it reaches one meter. Standard height, during the construction of a country house reaches 50 or 70 centimeters. It is this value that is considered optimal for most areas with varied climatic conditions and different depths of groundwater.
So, to determine the height of the base when building a country house, you must take into account:
- depth of groundwater;
- amount of precipitation;
- presence of a basement;
- the need to organize a technical room in the basement;
- view of the furnished foundation of the house.
Features of waterproofing and insulation at different heights
The effectiveness of the strip base will be reduced to zero if there are no ventilation ducts in it. These are holes, the distance between which should not exceed 3 meters. They are installed around the entire perimeter, ensuring high-quality air circulation. Internal walls and partitions are no exception. These holes can only be closed ventilation grilles. In the video you will see how to properly insulate and waterproof the basement of a house.
The use of any plugs is strictly prohibited, since the humidity present in the basement space leads to the formation of mold and mildew. When building a brick plinth, to organize ventilation ducts, it is enough to leave gaps in the masonry; in other options, pipes are used that are fixed between the blocks. The jumpers can be sheet steel or ordinary reinforcement.
Reliable protection of the base from groundwater is provided by waterproofing material. This can be roofing felt or another type of rolled waterproofing, such as:
- glass roofing material;
- rubemast;
- euroruberoid.
Lay it in two layers directly on the foundation, applying bitumen mastic or heated bitumen. Between layers waterproofing material apply a layer adhesive composition providing a strong connection.
