Osip Abramovich's hairdressing salon, where Petka lived and worked, was located near a block filled with “houses of cheap debauchery.” In a dirty room full of flies and the smell of cheap perfume, undemanding people were getting their hair cut - doormen, janitors, clerks, workers and “luridly handsome, but suspicious fellows.”
Petka was the youngest worker, he cleaned the premises and served hot water. Another boy, Nikolka, was three years older. He was considered a student, swore, smoked cigarettes and was very self-important. Ten-year-old Petka did not smoke, did not swear, and was jealous of his friend. Left alone with Petka, Nikolka became kinder and explained to his friend “what it means to have a polka-dot haircut, a beaver haircut, or a parted haircut.”
Sometimes friends sat by the window, “next to the wax bust of a woman,” and looked at the hot, dusty boulevard, all the benches of which were occupied by half-dressed men and women with tired, angry and loose faces. A “bright blue watchman” with a stick walked along the boulevard and made sure that no one decided to lie down on a bench or cool grass.
The women ‹…› spoke in hoarse, harsh voices, scolded, hugged men as simply as if they were all alone on the boulevard, sometimes they immediately drank vodka and had a snack.
Sometimes a drunk man would beat a drunk woman. No one stood up for her; on the contrary, the crowd gathered to watch the fight. Then a watchman appeared, separated the fighters, and the beaten woman was taken away somewhere.
Nikolka knew many women and told dirty stories about them. Petka was amazed at his intelligence and fearlessness and thought that he would become the same. But for now Petka really “wanted to go somewhere else.”
Petka’s days dragged on so dirty and monotonously. The boy slept a lot, but did not get enough sleep. Sometimes he did not hear Osip Abramovich's orders or confused them. There was no rest - the hairdresser worked on weekends and holidays. Petka became thin and hunched over, “thin wrinkles appeared on his sleepy face,” turning him into an aged dwarf.
When Petka’s mother, the fat cook Nadezhda, visited him, he asked to be picked up from the hairdresser’s, but then he forgot about his request and said goodbye to her indifferently. Nadezhda was saddened to think that her only son was a fool.
One day, Petka’s dull life changed - her mother persuaded Osip Abramovich to let her son go to the dacha in Tsaritsyno, where her masters were moving for the summer. Even Nikolka was jealous of Petka, because he did not have a mother and had never been to the dacha.
The bustling station, filled with people and sounds, stunned Petka. He and his mother boarded the country train, and the boy stuck to the window. All of Petka’s drowsiness has disappeared somewhere. He had never been outside the city, “everything here was amazing, new and strange for him” - both the amazingly huge world and the high, clear sky.
Petka ran from window to window, which did not please the yawning gentleman with the newspaper. Nadezhda wanted to tell him that the hairdresser, with whom her son had been living for three years, promised to make Petka a man, and then he would become her support in old age. But looking at the master’s dissatisfied face, the cook remained silent.
The first dacha impressions poured into Petka from all sides and “crushed his small and timid soul.”
This modern savage, snatched from the stone embrace of urban communities, felt weak and helpless in the face of nature. Everything here was alive for him, feeling and having a will.
Petka was afraid of the dark, brooding and scary forest, but he liked the bright green meadows and the bottomless sky. For several days he “sedately, like an old man,” walked along the forest edge and lay in the thick grass, after which he “entered into complete agreement with nature.”
Petka was helped to get comfortable by high school student Mitya, who “unceremoniously entered into a conversation with him and surprisingly quickly got along.” Inexhaustible in his inventions, Mitya taught Petka to fish and swim, and took him to explore the ruins of the palace. Gradually Petka forgot about the hairdresser, began to walk barefoot, became fresher, and the old wrinkles disappeared from his face.
At the end of the week, the master brought a letter from the city for Nadezhda - Osip Abramovich demanded that Petka return. At first, the boy did not understand why and where he needed to go, because “another place where he always wanted to go had already been found” and he had so many wonderful things to do here. But he soon realized that the new fishing rod was a mirage, and Osip Abramovich was an immutable fact, and “he didn’t just cry like city children cry, thin and exhausted, he screamed louder than the loudest man and began to roll on the ground like those drunken people.” women on the boulevard."
Gradually Petka calmed down, and the master, getting ready for the evening of dancing, told his wife that “ child's grief not for long,” and “there are people who have a worse life.”
In the morning Petka was on the train again, but no longer looked out the windows, but sat quietly, with his little hands folded in his lap.
Pushing among the hurrying passengers, they emerged onto the thundering street, and the big greedy city indifferently swallowed up its little victim.
In parting, Petka asked his mother to hide his new fishing rod - he still hoped to return.
Petka remained in the dirty, stuffy hairdressing salon and was again ordered: “Boy, water!” In the evenings, he whispered to Nikolka “about the dacha, and talked about what doesn’t happen, what no one has ever seen or heard,” and his friend rudely, energetically and incomprehensibly cursed: “Oh, the devils! Let them climb out!”
And on the boulevard, a drunk man beat a drunk woman.
A ten-year-old boy, Petka, is apprenticed to hairdresser Osip Abramovich. In a cheap hairdresser he brings water, the owner and apprentices constantly shout and curse at him. His friend Nikolka is 13 years old, Nikolka knows a lot of bad words and often tells Petka obscene stories. The windows of the hairdresser overlook the street, along which “indifferent, angry or dissolute” people walk, homeless people sleep on benches, and drunks fight. Petka doesn’t have holidays, all his days are alike, his life seems long to him unpleasant dream, he is losing more and more weight, getting sick, wrinkles appear on his face. Petka really wants to go to another place. When his mother, the cook Nadezhda, visits him, he constantly asks her to take him away from Osip Abramovich.
One day the owner lets Petka go to the dacha with the gentlemen of Nadezhda. On the train, joyful Petka smiles at the passengers, wonders how the train is traveling, and smiles at the clouds. Outside the city, Petka’s eyes no longer seem sleepy, and the wrinkles disappear. Having become friends with high school student Mitya, Petka swims a lot, fishes, and plays. However, at the end of the week, Nadezhda receives a letter from Osip Abramovich, in which he demands that Petka return. Petka falls to the ground, cries, screams. The mother takes the boy to the city, and everything starts all over again. Only at night Petka enthusiastically recounts his dacha adventures to Nikolka.
Option 2
The boy Petka, who is only ten years old, was sent to study with the hairdresser Osip Abramovich. The hairdresser itself is very cheap, but Petka has to work a lot in it. He carries water there, but everyone and everyone is constantly yelling at him, and the owner scolds him over trifles. Petka has an old friend Nikolka, who is already thirteen. And Nikolka knows a lot of bad words, and sometimes shares with Petka different stories. The windows of this hairdresser look out onto the street, where angry or dissolute people walk, and on a large and wide bench, dirty and homeless people sleep, and drunks also fight.
All Petka’s days are similar to each other, and life seems like such an unpleasant dream. That's why Petka wants to go to another place. He began to get sick and lose weight, and small wrinkles appeared on his face. When his mother, the cook Nadezhda, visits him, he asks to be taken home.
One day, the owner let Petka go to the dacha with the gentlemen of Nadezhda. Petka is traveling on the train and is glad that it is free. He has fun with the passengers and smiles at them. He even watches the clouds and smiles at them. Already outside the city, Petka’s eyes cease to be sleepy, and the wrinkles disappear.
At the dacha, Petka became friends with a high school student, Mishka. Together they go swimming in the river and fish. At the end of the week, the mother received a letter from Osip Abramovich, who demands that Petka return. Petka cries and refuses to go to the city to see Osip Abramovich. But the mother takes the crying Petka to the city. And at night he happily tells his friend Nikolka about his dacha adventures.
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Andreev L., story "Petka at the Dacha"
Genre: stories about children
The main characters of the story "Petka at the Dacha" and their characteristics
- Petka. Boy 10 years old. Downtrodden and intimidated. Apathetic, indifferent. In nature, cheerful and cheerful, lively and courageous.
- Nikolka. Boy 13 years old. Rude and angry. Disappointed in life, unhappy.
- Hope. Petka's mother. Cook. She loves her son and hopes that he will come out into the world.
- Mitya. High school student. Cheerful, sociable, started all the games.
- Osip Abramovich. Hairdresser. Callous and indifferent.
- Boy, water!
- Nikolka knows life
- Boy's apathy
- Rare visits from mother
- Mother takes Petka to the dacha
- Miracles on the train
- Scary world of nature
- Gymnasium student Mitya
- Children's fun
- Fatal letter
- Hysterics
- Back to Moscow
- Mother's order
- Night stories
- Petka worked in a hairdresser and seemed like an apathetic, indifferent fool.
- His friend Nikolka, who was older, drank vodka and swore.
- Petka’s mother took her to the dacha and Petka was amazed by the train and nature.
- He met Mitya, who taught him to play and fish.
- Petka threw a tantrum, not wanting to return to the city.
- In Moscow, he again became apathetic, and only at night talked about the wonders of Nikolka’s dacha.
Forced labor kills the joy of life in a child and deprives him of childhood.
What does the story “Petka at the Dacha” teach?
The story teaches that every child has the right to a happy childhood, to fun and games. Teaches that children should not work equally with adults. Teaches us to appreciate the rights and freedoms that we have. Teaches that the exploitation of one person by another is disgusting.
Review of the story "Petka at the Dacha"
I was very touched by this story about a poor boy who was forced to work from an early age so as not to die of hunger. Only at the dacha did Petka come to life and become normal, cheerful child. But his happiness was so short-lived and then hard everyday life began again. I feel sorry for Petka and I feel sorry for Nikolka, children should never live like this.
Proverbs for the story "Petka at the Dacha"
Where there is a cheerful childhood, there is joy.
You can never be young twice.
The tree became crooked when it was young.
Labor feeds and clothes.
All work is valuable, but not all is useful.
Read summary, brief retelling story "Petka at the Dacha"
Any visitor to Osip Abramovich’s hairdressing salon, hearing the menacing “Boy, give me some water,” noticed the hairdresser’s menacing gaze in the mirror, directed at something small, or heard the threats of his apprentices.
This meant that the boy did not serve the water quickly enough and needed punishment.
It was a cheap hair salon located among dirty houses. And the youngest employee in it was a ten-year-old boy, Petka, who did not swear and did not drink vodka, and therefore was very envious of his slightly older friend Nikolka, whom the apprentices sometimes trusted to give clients haircuts.
Nikolka sometimes explained to Petka how to do this or that haircut, and the boys often sat by the window and looked at the dirty boulevard, where dirty people with embittered or indifferent faces sat on benches. People were mostly drunk, and drunk men often beat drunk women.
Petka's days dragged on monotonously. He gave and gave water, slept a lot and even perceived everything around him as a bad dream that never ends. Petka was losing weight and visitors looked with disgust at the boy, who looked like a hunched dwarf.
Sometimes Petka was visited by his mother, the cook Nadezhda. Then Petka lazily ate sweets and indifferently said goodbye to his mother, who believed that her only son was a fool.
But then one day Nadezhda talked to Osip Abramovich and told Petka. that she takes him for the weekend to the dacha in Tsaritsyno, where her gentlemen live. Petka came to life, began to hurry his mother, and even forgot about Nikolka, who was standing next to him with longing. Nikolka had no mother and had never been to the dacha.
The station filled Petka with a feeling of excitement and impatience. He got into the carriage and immediately stuck to the window. Everything around him was new to him and Petka ran around the carriage from one window to another. Petka’s eyes stopped looking sleepy and even the wrinkles disappeared somewhere.
For the first two days at the dacha, Petka felt weak and helpless. He was afraid of the forest, shuddered and turned pale, but he walked a lot along the edge, sometimes burying himself in the thick grass. And he answered his mother’s questions with only one word: “Good!”
Two days later, Petka met a high school student, Mitya, and he became completely at one with nature. They fished together, then swam until they were blue in the face, then explored the ruins of an old castle.
His mother noted that Petka had gained weight, but he, on the contrary, ate very little. After all, he had so many important things to do - bathe, dig for worms, cut out a fishing rod. Petka only put on his gymnasium jacket in the evening, when he went to watch the gentlemen ride on boats.
At the end of the week, the master brought a letter from the city to the cook Nadezhda and she burst into tears. The master left the house and told Petka, who was hopscotching alone, that it was time to go.
For a long time Petka could not understand what it was about, because Osip Abramovich had already become a ghost for him, and when he understood, he screamed wildly and began to roll on the ground. However, he quickly calmed down.
The next day Petka was already on his way back to Moscow. He didn't laugh or look out the window. His hands were folded neatly in his lap, and his eyes became sleepy and listless. On the way to the hairdresser, Petka asked his mother to hide the fishing rod.
And now again in the hairdresser's, Petka carried water and heard swearing and threats. But at night he excitedly told Nikolka about the dacha, and he energetically scolded everyone and everything: “Oh, the devils! May they get out!”
“Petka at the Dacha” is a story about a little boy whose childhood was spent in a dirty hairdressing salon, among rude, evil, soulless people.
Summary of “Petka at the Dacha” for the reader’s diary
Name: Petka at the dacha
Number of pages: 11. Andreev Leonid Nikolaevich. "Petka at the dacha." Publishing house "Children's Literature". 1974
Genre: Story
Year of writing: 1899
Time and place of the plot
The story takes place at the end of the 19th century in Russia. The work shows two worlds: the dirty streets of a poor Moscow quarter and the picturesque nature of the suburbs. The plot is based on real story the then famous hairdresser Ivan Andreev, the author’s namesake
Main characters
Petka is a ten-year-old boy, by nature cheerful and lively, but he became downtrodden and intimidated while working in a hairdresser.
Nadezhda is Petka's mother, a cook, a kind, loving woman.
Osip Abramovich is a hairdresser, an indifferent, callous man.
Nikolka is a thirteen-year-old apprentice, an angry, rude boy, disappointed in life.
Mitya is a high school student, Petka’s friend, a cheerful and sociable boy, a great dreamer.
Plot
The cook Nadezhda raised her son Petka herself, and she had a hard time. When the boy was ten years old, she sent him to a cheap hairdresser for training. The owner, hairdresser Osip Abramovich, promised the woman to make a man out of her son, but in the new place Petka did nothing but sweep the floors and bring water at the owner’s first word.
Petka’s only friend was thirteen-year-old Nikolka, who was already an apprentice to the owner. The boy considered himself much older than Petka, and turned up his nose all the time. In addition, he smoked a lot, used foul language and was not shy about telling indecent stories about women.
Petka's life has become simply unbearable. From morning until late evening, he heard only the screams and swearing of the owner and apprentices, doing all the menial work. The windows of the hairdresser overlooked the street, revealing a view of the wretched reality: drunkards, homeless people, low-class women. Petka never had holidays or even weekends, all the days were similar to each other, and life seemed to the boy like some kind of prolonged unpleasant dream.
Petka noticeably lost weight, turned pale, and small wrinkles appeared on his face. He really wanted to leave the hated hairdresser, and every time he asked his mother to do so, but Nadezhda could not afford it, and only felt sorry for her son. One day she persuaded Osip Abramovich to let the boy go to the master’s dacha for a while, where she worked as a cook. This is how Petka found himself on a train for the first time, and this trip captured his imagination.
At the dacha, Petka, accustomed to the dirty city streets, very quickly got used to it. He ran barefoot, lay in the grass, and explored the surroundings. The wrinkles disappeared from the boy’s face, his eyes no longer looked sleepy. Petka made friends with high school student Mitya, a great inventor and dreamer. He showed Petka the most Beautiful places and taught me how to fish.
But soon the fairy tale ended - Nadezhda received a letter from Osip Abramovich, who urgently demanded his return little helper. Having learned about this, Petka cried bitterly for a long time, but then resigned himself to his fate and returned to the city. His life remained dull and joyless.
Conclusion and your opinion
The story describes emotional experiences, longings little boy, caught in a real trap adult life. As a child, Petka could not resist the realities surrounding him, and his soul plunged into a kind of numbness. Having only briefly plunged into a happy childhood, in the future Petka could only dream and sadly remember her vacation at the dacha.
the main idea
Every child has the right to a happy, carefree childhood. Early forced labor and deprivation kill his personality, interest and joy in life.
Author's aphorisms
“...Petka didn’t know whether he was bored or having fun, but he wanted to go to another place, about which he could not say anything, where it was and what it was like...”
“...There were faces that were indifferent, angry or dissolute, but all of them bore the stamp of extreme fatigue and disregard for their surroundings...”
“...In this hairdressing salon, saturated with the boring smell of cheap perfume, full of annoying flies and dirt, the visitor was undemanding...”
“...he would like to go somewhere else... I would really like to...”
Interpretation of unclear words
Verst– Russian unit of distance measurement equal to 1066.8 m.
Scold- swear.
Flyover – light open four-wheeled, two-seater carriage, mostly single-horse.
Cab- the coachman of a hired carriage, cart, or the hired carriage itself with a coachman.
New words
Face- face.
Journeyman- V medieval workshops a craftsman who did not have his own workshop and worked for hire from a full member of the workshop - a foreman; After working for several years with a master, an apprentice could become a master himself.
Cut like a polka dot, beaver– varieties of men's haircuts.
Story test
Reader's diary rating
Average rating: 4.5. Total ratings received: 49.
A cry is heard in the hairdresser: “Boy, water!” And then a poisonous whisper: “Wait a minute!” - because the boy was not quick enough or made some other mistake. “In this hairdressing salon, saturated with the boring smell of cheap perfume, full of annoying flies and dirt, the visitor was undemanding: doormen, clerks, sometimes minor employees...” The boy Petka works here. He is smaller than everyone around him. Nikolka is three years older; he is sometimes trusted to give a visitor a simpler haircut. Nikolka puts on airs: she smokes, drinks vodka and swears. Petka is ten years old, he does not smoke, does not drink vodka, although he knows a lot of bad words. Often Petka and Nikolka sit by the window and watch the life of the street, monotonous and boring, with the only entertainment: drunken fights. Petka “would like to go somewhere else... I would really like to.” Hearing the cry: “Boy, water!”, he jumped up and served, often spilling water in his haste. From such a life, Petka lost weight, “and on his shorn head he developed bad scabs (ulcers. - Author). ...Thin wrinkles appeared around his eyes and under his nose, as if drawn sharp needle, and made him look like an aged dwarf.” Petka asked his mother, the cook Nadezhda, who was visiting him, to take him away from here. And Nadezhda thought “that she has one son - and he’s a fool.” One day her mother arrived, talked to the owner, Osip Abramovich, and said that Petka was being released to the dacha in Tsaritsyno, where her masters lived. The boy didn’t understand anything at first. He was born and raised in the city and could not even imagine that there could be so much grass, air, and space. From the train window a mysterious and magical world opened before him. In the first days at the dacha, Petka was afraid of the forest, grass, and pond. “But two more days passed, and Petka entered into a complete agreement with nature.” This was also helped by meeting Mitya, a high school student. The boys swam, fished, and climbed the ruins of the palace. “Gradually Petka... forgot that Osip Abramovich and a hairdresser exist in the world.” Nadezhda was glad that her son had gained weight like a merchant. “At the end of the week, the master brought a letter from the city addressed to “Kufarka Nadezhda.” Having learned that her son had to be sent to the city, Nadezhda began to cry. She began to pack Petka for the trip, but little did he know that he would no longer go fishing or swimming, but would go to the city. Nadezhda says that maybe they will release him: “... he is kind, Osip Abramovich.” Finally Petka realized: “paradise” was over. The boy screamed and began to have a fit, which surprised his mother and upset the lady. The next day he returned to the barber shop. Petka said to his mother as he saw him off: “Hide the fishing rod!” Nadezhda agrees, hoping for her son's return to the dacha.
Again Petka runs with water and hears: “Wait a minute!” And at night he tells Nikolka “about the dacha, and talked about what does not happen, what no one has ever seen or heard.” And around - the usual life with swearing, drunken fights, plaintive screams.
