For those who want to have a home beautiful plant, but does not yet have experience in caring for indoor flowers, hibiscus is ideal. Despite its beauty, this plant is very unpretentious. It can easily withstand low lighting, sudden temperature changes, and treacherous drafts. It won't go to waste even if you miss watering time. It is thanks to this unpretentiousness that hibiscus is often placed in offices, living rooms, in the halls and corridors of various institutions.
Hibiscus is called the “Chinese rose”, and this name perfectly conveys the beauty of this plant. However, in order for hibiscus not only to live, but also to delight you with its bright blooms, you need to remember a few tips.
Location and lighting
The first thing a novice gardener needs to learn is that hibiscus is a light-loving plant. Place it near a window or any other well-lit place. Also remember that hibiscus grows very quickly and reaches quite large sizes. In the room small size There may be problems with its placement: this flower does not like cramped spaces. The pot in which the hibiscus will live also plays an important role: the tighter the pot, the slower it will grow.
Temperature
Optimal temperature for Chinese roses in summer - 20-22 degrees. In winter, the temperature should be lowered to 14-16 degrees. Decrease in temperature winter period will have a positive effect on future hibiscus flowering. If you do not have the opportunity to keep the flower in low temperature conditions, do not worry - Chinese rose Can grow in winter and at room temperature.
Air humidity
Hibiscus needs frequent spraying, since the flower loves high humidity. If you keep hibiscus in a room with dry air, there is a high probability that the flowers will not be able to fully open. Spraying should be carried out as carefully as possible - water should not get on the flowers, otherwise the buds will become stained and fall off.
To increase humidity, you can use a tray with expanded clay or pebbles filled with water. But remember, the bottom of the pot should not touch the water!
Watering
Hibiscus loves moisture. It needs to be watered abundantly so that the soil in the pot is completely saturated with water. But you shouldn’t water the Chinese rose too often - upper layer The soil should have time to dry out. In autumn and winter, watering should be moderate, after about 2-3 days after the top layer has dried. For irrigation, it is better to use standing soft water at room temperature.
The soil
The soil for growing hibiscus should be nutritious and light, it should be close to neutral (pH approximately 6). Ideal option The soil composition will be a mixture of turf, leaf, humus soil and sand in a ratio of 4:3:1:1. Pieces can be added to the composition of the earth charcoal. A simplified soil composition is also suitable: turf, humus soil and sand in proportions 2:1:1.
Do not forget to take care of good drainage, the flower does not tolerate stagnant water in the pot!
Feeding and fertilizers
Feeding plays a big role in caring for indoor hibiscus. It is very important not to overdo it with fertilizers. In the spring, when the hibiscus is preparing to start growing, it is worth feeding it with potassium-phosphorus fertilizer. For other fertilizers optimal time It will be summer when the flower grows most actively. But it’s better to avoid nitrogen-containing fertilizers - hibiscus doesn’t like them too much.
Transfer
Young plants need to be replanted every year. To do this, mix 2 parts garden soil, 1 part sand and 1 part peat in a pre-prepared pot or tub. If you are transplanting large plant, then the mixture should be prepared heavier.
From the age of three there is no need for an annual transplant: mature plant need to be replanted every 2-3 years.
Trimming
There is a categorical answer to this question - yes, it is necessary! Formative pruning must be done annually; only under this condition will the Chinese rose delight you with its flowering. Each time after flowering, the tips of the shoots need to be trimmed, then the side shoots will grow, on which, in turn, buds will form. Please note that hibiscus flowers appear only on young shoots, so every shoot that is not trimmed on time is another flower that you will miss next year.
In early spring, it is very useful to pinch all shoots, including young ones. Although pruning indoor hibiscus it can be done throughout the year – it doesn’t harm him at all.
Shoots that grow parallel to the main trunk (they are called “tops”) must be trimmed. The same as those of the branches that grow inside the crown. Don't worry about the flower regular pruning only benefits him, providing him with healthy growth and abundant flowering.
Indoor hibiscus propagates both by seeds and cuttings. However, the seeds are too much trouble for a novice plant grower - this method is quite labor-intensive and is more suitable for those who are engaged in the selection of indoor hibiscus. And propagation by cuttings has several undeniable advantages. Firstly, this method saves everything varietal characteristics inherent in the mother plant. And secondly (which is especially important for an amateur plant grower), with this method the plant begins to bloom in the first year.
Propagation by seeds
It is better to sow seeds from late January to mid-March. Before planting seeds in the ground, they should be soaked for 12 hours in Epin. The seeds need to be planted in a mixture of peat and sand. After planting, the pot is covered with glass or film to create greenhouse conditions. It is necessary to constantly maintain the temperature within 25-27 degrees. Also, do not forget to periodically ventilate the pot and spray the soil with the seeds.
When the young sprouts have 2-3 leaves, they can be transplanted into a separate pot. Hibiscus grown from seeds will bloom only in 2-3 years.
Propagation by cuttings
Young cuttings are best suited for propagation. To root, place them in water or soil. In the first case, you will need a vessel, preferably made of dark glass, filled with water. Place the cutting in it and cover it with a “cap” - for example, glass jar. This is necessary to increase humidity. The cuttings will take root in about 25-30 days. When the roots appear, the cuttings will need to be transplanted into an earthen mixture containing a large amount of peat. It is advisable to add sphagnum moss there - this is especially useful for a young plant.
When rooting directly in the ground, you will need a mixture consisting of coarse sand and peat. But do not forget that before this you must remove all leaves from the cutting except the top two.
- Buds appear, but do not open and soon fall off - insufficient watering; drying out of the soil; lack of nutrients in the soil; low indoor air temperature.
- Fall off lower leaves, new leaves grow yellow - increased calcium and chlorine content in the soil; lack of iron and nitrogen; indoor air is too dry; abundant watering cold water; low temperature.
- Lack of flowers when the crown is too lush - an excess of fertilizers containing nitrogen; the flower doesn't have enough light, too much heat in winter.
- Pinkish spots appear on the leaves - lack of light; excess fertilizer.
- Leaves wilt and become limp - lack of moisture.
- The roots dry out - the soil temperature is too low.
- The leaves dry out - the air in the room is too dry; high temperature in winter.
Diseases and pests
The greatest danger to indoor hibiscus is and. To get rid of these pests, you must first wash the leaves with a soapy solution, and then spray them with Actellik solution.
Indoor hibiscus - propagation and care (video)
Indoor hibiscus, or Chinese rose, is a flower that belongs to plants of the Malvaceae family. Hibiscus is native to tropical Asia. Homemade hibiscus has been one of the leading “exhibits” among ornamental plants which are grown at home. This plant is truly a favorite of amateur gardeners. The hibiscus plant is a bush or small shrub (at least when grown indoors). Blooms large flowers different bright colors - various shades of pink, creamy yellow, white and red. The leaves of hibiscus are elongated, shiny, dark green, reach 10 to 15 cm in length, and may be slightly corrugated.
Hibiscus blossom
Hibiscus blossom
The domestic Chinese rose blooms at home for quite a long time - usually from late spring to mid-autumn. In May, buds appear on the hibiscus, which open within a week and turn into beautiful flowers with 5 petals. Flowers can be either simple or double. Each flower blooms for only a day, but new flowers open almost every day. This is the peculiarity of hibiscus.
Caring for hibiscus at home
Lighting
In order for hibiscus to grow normally and fully at home, it is advisable to place it on an eastern or western windowsill, because there may not be enough light on the north side, and it will be too hot on the south side. If, however, there is no choice, and the hibiscus will grow on the south side, then shading the hibiscus in hot hours is indispensable.
Temperature
During the active growing season (from May to September), the best temperature in the room will be 22 ºC. In autumn, the temperature will need to be reduced slightly - to 16 ºC. In winter, the temperature should not fall below 12 ºC, because... Hibiscus leaves fall off under such conditions.
Beautiful hibiscus blossom
Watering homemade hibiscus
Hibiscus is watered only with soft, settled water at room temperature. If the water is cold, the hibiscus may get sick and drop its leaves. Leave the water to water the hibiscus for 24 hours. How often to water hibiscus at home? In summer and spring, hibiscus should be watered frequently, as soon as the top layer of soil in the pot dries (drying 2 cm deep is enough). In winter, water less often, let the soil dry out a little deeper.
Humidity and spraying of hibiscus
Do I need to spray hibiscus? It is not necessary to spray hibiscus, but it is advisable, because... high humidity air reduces the likelihood of pests, and this will also have a beneficial effect on the development of the hibiscus flower. Therefore, whenever possible, spray your hibiscus.
Feeding hibiscus
Fertilizers are applied once a month during the period from spring to autumn. How to feed hibiscus? It is necessary to fertilize hibiscus at home mostly with nitrogen fertilizers, while potassium and phosphorus fertilizers should be applied in half the dose specified by the manufacturer.
Pruning indoor hibiscus
There are three types of pruning of home hibiscus - rejuvenating, sanitary and formative. It is necessary to prune hibiscus only after the plant has already been replanted, so that it has time to take root in its new location. Trimmed shoots are often used to propagate hibiscus by cuttings. By pruning, you can delay flowering - you need to prune the hibiscus for the first time in May, and then in July. In this case, the hibiscus will bloom in November.
Growing Hibscus
Hibiscus transplant
For the first 3-4 years, young hibiscus is replanted every year. Adult hibiscus bushes only need to be replanted every 3 years, and they are replanted using the transshipment method, so as not to destroy the earthen lump, but only to add new fertile soil.
Soil for hibiscus
Take a pot slightly larger than it was before transplanting. Expanded clay or broken bricks are poured onto the bottom of the pot to ensure that excess water drains from the pot. The soil for hibiscus is made up of 4 parts turf soil, 3 parts leaf soil. They also add one part of sand and peat each to make the soil more air- and water-permeable.
Diseases and pests of indoor hibiscus
One of the common problems is hibiscus sheds buds. This can happen due to a lack of nutrients in the soil, because the room temperature is too low, or because the soil in the pot dries out.
Hibiscus roots may hurt. The main reason for this is too dry indoor air. It is recommended to keep the hibiscus pot on a tray with damp expanded clay, which significantly increases the humidity around the plant.
Growing beautiful flowers hibiscus
Hibiscus doesn't bloom
A common reason for this is excess nitrogen in hibiscus fertilizers. It is necessary to reduce the amount of nitrogen and increase the proportion of potassium and phosphorus fertilizers. Also, hibiscus may not bloom if during the dormant period the temperature was too high, at the beginning of the growing season the hibiscus did not have enough moisture in the soil or the plant does not have enough light.
Pests of home hibiscus
The most common pests that inhabit home hibiscus are aphids and thrips. Other possible pests– whitefly and spider mite. Insecticides are used against these pests.
Video about growing hibiscus
Features of growing hibiscus at home
- If the temperature in the room with home hibiscus drops below 10 ºC, then the hibiscus leaves turn yellow, after which they fall off.
- To ensure abundant flowering of hibiscus, pruning is carried out in March. To do this, cut off the stems of the plant and leave only two eyes on each.
- Due to too frequent watering, the plant may drop its buds without flowering.
- Excess shoots that weaken the plant and do not produce leaves and flowers need to be cut off.
Hibiscus has been known to us since ancient times. It was used both for decoration and as food. There is a wide variety of varieties of this plant, but only one species has taken root in our country. Chinese rose (hibiscus) belongs to the family of evergreen shrubs, which for several decades will delight you with rich green foliage and exotic flowers. bright colors. At home, hibiscus can be grown in pots or planted in open ground in summer.
What are the flowering characteristics of this attractive plant?
The flowers are double, ordinary, all of them are extremely beautiful, and can also reach sizes of 10-16 cm. The only drawback They are characterized by the short duration of flowering - the buds, as a rule, open at sunrise, and by the evening they wither and fall off.
In this article we will look at what hibiscus is, caring for it to form beautiful bush, abundant flowering.
Hibiscus care
Hibiscus loves good lighting, so it must be placed in bright places, otherwise it will develop poorly and will have to wait a very long time for flowering. It should be remembered that this plant originates from the tropics, so it needs to create similar conditions.
Do not place the Chinese rose under the influence of direct sun rays, it could even cause his death, the best option there will be dim light and a western or eastern window. As soon as the temperature outside is suitable, the flowerpot can be taken out into the garden.
This delicate flower is afraid of drafts; the ideal temperature range for it in summer is 21-25 degrees Celsius, and in winter it tolerates even 13-15 degrees.
How much watering does hibiscus need?
Water in spring and summer time throughout the year it is necessary abundantly, in winter moderately. You need to try to achieve the ideal balance in watering so that the soil in the pot is slightly moist, but not soggy or dry. Caring for hibiscus at home necessarily involves loosening the soil in the pot an hour after watering, to avoid caking.
When to replant hibiscus?
Plant replanting is carried out in early spring into a container larger in diameter than the previous one. To form an adult, full-fledged plant, it requires a lot of land. Ideal ratio for the ground it will be the following:
- one part of humus;
- one part sand;
- one part peat;
- two parts of turf land.
You can also add charcoal to the resulting substrate.
Chinese roses, recently grown from cuttings, are replanted every year in the spring, and after they reach the age of five - once every three years, and large containers will be required to ensure normal nutrition for the adult plant. When transplanting, some roots are cut off, which causes the growth of young shoots and intense flowering.
What to feed?
Every 20 days, mineral fertilizers for indoor plants must be added to the soil. Feeding is carried out from April to August.
Hibiscus diseases
Often yellow leaves appear on Chinese roses; this can happen due to watering with cold water, and dropping leaves indicates a lack of light.
Caring for hibiscus at home is carried out constantly, otherwise the plant may begin to shed buds, as well as foliage, and stop developing for a period of 1 to 3 months. You can bring it back to life from this state by regular loosening and watering.
What to do if hibiscus won't bloom?
Temperature the temperature in the room should not exceed 15 degrees Celsius, this will start the processes of preparation for the formation of buds. The plant should be watered less often, and at the same time create a slight shade in the room. As you can see, the Chinese rose blooms very well in work rooms, because there are very suitable conditions for this, in contrast to the temperature and lighting of our home.
Good prerequisites for flowering are provided by keeping the flower in conditions of complete dormancy in the autumn-winter period. With the onset of warmth at the end of winter, young leaves appear on the shoots, this indicates the awakening of the plant. Starting from this moment, the pot can be moved to a more illuminated place and watering and fertilizing can be increased. It is not recommended to move a Chinese rose if buds have already appeared - they may fall off.
Hibiscus propagation
This one multiplies beautiful flower cuttings, cut cuttings can be placed in water until an independent root system forms, or in damp sand for the same purpose, additionally covered with film or a jar. The growth of the root system can last about a month and a half, then the hibiscus must be planted in a flowerpot with a diameter of at least 10 cm.
If all conditions are strictly observed, hibiscus will delight you with its flowering throughout warm period of the year.
Video on how to properly transplant hibiscus
Chinese rose, or hibiscus, is evergreen, belonging to the mallow family. Hibiscus has dark green leaves and large flowers, the colors of which vary depending on the plant variety. This flower looks very impressive and is used for propagation at home, institutions and offices.
Hibiscus: home care
Hibiscus propagation
Most often propagated home plant cuttings. Planting material cut in August from young branches so that the sprout has two or three internodes. Plant the cuttings in a loose peat substrate mixed with sand and cover with a glass jar or plastic bag. The roots of the young plant will appear in about a month. After this, plant the flower in a pot with a diameter of no more than 10 cm. Use the same soil that you use when replanting the plant.
To form a young plant into a lush bush, pinch the top of its head. Then will be created good conditions for the growth of side shoots. Replant the hibiscus in the spring.
Hibiscus transplant
The plant must be replanted every year until it reaches five years of age. Replant an adult flower in a pot as needed bigger size. Replant until mid-February, until the plant has gained strength to grow.
For replanting you will need: - deciduous soil; - turf land; - sand; - humus.
Mix one part of sand with humus in a bucket, add three parts of ground leaves and four parts of turf soil. Place expanded clay or clay shards in the bottom of the pot to ensure adequate drainage. Chinese rose does not like stagnant water in its roots. They may rot.
Fill the pot with the resulting soil and plant the hibiscus. After replanting, trim the old branches by a third. This will push the flower to develop new shoots, at the ends of which buds will form. A large plant in a large pot does not need to be replanted, but only remove the top layer of soil to a depth of about five centimeters, replacing it with a fresh nutrient layer.
Do not prune shoots in May if you cannot provide the flower with bright light in the autumn-winter period. Hibiscus blooms on shoots that are older than three months; in summer you may not wait for buds
After transplanting the hibiscus, water it only in the tray for a couple of weeks so that the young roots actively seek water and grow into the new soil.
The plant loves brightly lit spaces, but not direct hot sunlight. Diffused light can be created using tulle or other translucent fabric or paper, such as tracing paper. Hibiscus is ready to bloom most of the year if there is enough light. Comfortable temperature growth +25°C. At temperatures above +30°C, flower buds may begin to fall off. During particularly hot sunny days, shade your hibiscus. Do not let the soil warm up too much flower pot. At temperatures below +15°C the plant stops blooming.
In the summer, hibiscus can be taken out to the balcony, making sure that its leaves do not get burned in the sun. If this is not possible, ventilate the house, but avoid drafts.
Chinese rose requires abundant watering on hot sunny days or when the steam heating is on. Use well-settled soft water for watering. If there is a lack of moisture, the turgor of the leaves decreases, they may fall off and the plant may die. It is best to water your hibiscus early in the morning so it can dry out during the day. If there is a lot of water left in the pan, drain it to prevent the roots from rotting. When the air temperature drops and there is less sunlight, reduce the moisture of the earthen clod.
Hibiscus leaves should be sprayed with well-settled warm water from a spray bottle throughout most of the year. Except when the house is already cold and wet air, but steam heating has not yet been provided.
Feeding hibiscus
With intensive growth and formation of buds, hibiscus needs feeding. Be careful with standard fertilizers flowering plants. Chinese rose does not like large amounts of phosphorus. Use fertilizers specifically designed for the flower. In the spring-summer period, nitrogen-containing compounds are well suited; they prolong flowering. Use fertilizers with phosphorus in autumn and winter.
Hibiscus care. Hibiscus has become one of the most popular and spectacular plants; it is bred both in administrative institutions and in residential buildings and apartments. A hibiscus bush lives for twenty years or more and is easy to care for. The tree-like forms of this plant are the most popular for indoor cultivation. Where to place it. Hibiscus are widely used for landscaping various types of interiors, both in single use and in container compositions and winter gardens.
But it cannot be particularly recommended for rooms due to its spreading growth, although this does not at all bother true lovers of this plant, besides, hibiscus lends itself well to shaping - its tree-like varieties can be grown as standard tree. IN room conditions the height of an erect stem on average can reach 1.5 m. The maximum size in cultivation is up to 4.5 m in height. Hibiscus can be placed on the floor or on window sills in spacious, bright rooms, halls, and winter gardens. This is an unpretentious, fairly shade-tolerant indoor plant. But he prefers sunny place position protected from direct sunlight. Hibiscus should be planted as close to light as possible. In summer you can take it out onto the balcony or veranda.
Important
During budding and flowering, the hibiscus is not rearranged, moved or turned, as this will cause the buds or flowers to fall off. This plant may react to a change of location with a sudden change in lighting or humidity by dropping leaves and flowers.
Temperature. The plant is unpretentious, but does not tolerate hibiscus sharp fluctuations air temperature and drafts. The temperature regime for keeping the plant should be moderate: 20-25 °C. In winter, hibiscus prefers cooler conditions: 12-18 °C, but not lower than 10 °C.
Watering. During the active growing season (spring-summer), hibiscus is watered big amount soft warm water- regularly and generously, not allowing the roots to dry out, ensuring that the earthen clod is completely soaked. The next watering is done only after the top layer of soil has dried. It is recommended to occasionally loosen the top layer of soil, about an hour after watering.Do not water hibiscus with cold water ! By the dormant period, watering is gradually reduced. IN winter time The plant is watered moderately. “Excess” water after watering is immediately removed from the pan. Overwatering can cause root rot and plant death.
Hydration. Hibiscus requires moderate or higher humidity. The plant requires periodic spraying of the leaves, especially in hot summer weather. In winter, when the air in the room is too dry, such spraying should be carried out regularly. Constant spraying also prevents aphids from settling on hibiscus leaves. Periodically, the hibiscus is given a “shower,” which washes away dust from the leaves and also protects the plant from pests.
Feeding. Hibiscus - flower-“ glutton”, you need to feed it little by little, but often - completely mineral fertilizer, alternating it with organic liquid mullein (1 part infusion to 10 parts water). To ensure abundant flowering, fertilizing with phosphorus salts is required. But you should not use excessive phosphates. An overdose threatens growth inhibition. If you overdo it with nitrate fertilizers, then foliage grows to the detriment of flowering. In early spring, it is useful to use potassium-phosphorus mixtures. Hibiscus is fed with special complex fertilizers for flowering indoor plants, you can use “Rainbow”, “Ideal”, etc. Experiment to find out what your hibiscus likes best.
Hibiscus feeding is carried out from the beginning of the growing season - from April to August. How often should I feed hibiscus? Recommendations on this matter are very different: once a week, once every 2 weeks, once every 2-3 weeks. You will have to decide this yourself, experimentally. Remember that fertilizing is permissible only if the plants are clearly actively growing - that is, in spring and summer. In winter, feeding is stopped, although some experts still recommend feeding the plant once a month only with phosphorus and potassium in half the dose. Naturally, all fertilizers can be given only after abundant watering with clean water.
Trimming. Hibiscus needs pruning. Pruning hibiscus promotes the appearance of a mass of young flowering shoots and speeds up the onset of flowering. Doing so better in spring, before transplanting the plant. Trim off all elongated, lost leaves or dried shoots. Healthy shoots are shortened by half or 1/3 of the length.
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Without pruning, large spreading branches grow, taking up a lot of space in the room. The transplanted and pruned plant soon produces strong shoots, which are pruned again in July. With this care, flowers appear even in October and November, a time when other indoor plants do not bloom, which is especially pleasant.
In the spring, before the active growth of plants begins, it is also very useful to pinch all shoots, including young ones. Both pruning and pinching of shoots should be done according to a certain plan, trying to give a certain shape to the crown of the plant. At the same time, one should not feel sorry for sick, defective shoots. Be sure to remove “tops”, i.e. shoots growing parallel to the main trunk and creating competition for it. Excess branches should also be removed decisively, especially those growing inside the crown and excessively thickening it.
Crown formation. The appearance of hibiscus can be modeled to your liking. Tree-like hibiscus, shaped like standard tree. To do this, you must constantly remove side shoots until the flower reaches the desired height. Then you should cut off the top and allow 5-6 side shoots to develop, which will create the crown of the tree.
Reproduction. This plant reproduces different ways: both by seeds, and by layering, and by grafting, and by dividing bushes (herbaceous forms)... But the most common propagation of hibiscus in indoor propagation is by rooting green stem cuttings or stem cuttings of annual semi-ripe, semi-lignified shoots. You can even take cuttings all year round, but it is more advisable to do this in spring and summer. A particularly good time is in the spring, before active plant growth begins. At this time, the hibiscus is pruned. Cut cuttings 7.5-10 cm long (with 2-3 internodes) can be used for propagation: they are rooted in water or soil. Optimal rooting temperature: 20-21 °C. It is advisable to treat the cuttings with charcoal and phytohormones to stimulate root formation (see monstera propagation). In principle, hibiscus is unpretentious, it takes root easily in the ground, in peat, in sand, and in expanded clay, but it takes root especially well in a moist mixture of peat and sand, covered with a mini-greenhouse - a glass jar or a transparent cut plastic bottle. To better root the cuttings and reduce moisture evaporation from the leaf surface, each leaf blade is cut in half. Rooted plants bloom within a year.
Selection of pot. Pots for hibiscus are preferably spacious. suitable conditions this flower is capable of growing amazingly quickly and, having turned into a very large outdoor plant, can create problems for its owners. This should be taken into account when choosing a pot and when replanting hibiscus. It has also been noticed that in a cramped container all plants slow down their growth, but bloom much more actively.
Lighting. Hibiscus is very unpretentious to living conditions. Plants located on well-lit windows are the ones that bloom most profusely and for the longest time. The best place for hibiscus - on an east or west window. On a south-facing window, shading will be needed during the hottest hours of the day. In a bright place, the first buds of hibiscus begin to appear already in March, and successive flowers adorn the crown of leaves until late autumn. Even a little direct sunlight is allowed, but the flower should still be shaded from the summer midday sun.
Hibiscus is shade-tolerant, for skilled lovers indoor floriculture if all other requirements are met, it is possible to achieve flowering on northern windows, although not as abundant and long-lasting - with a lack of light, the plant develops worse and blooms little. In summer, it is useful to take hibiscus out into the garden, onto a balcony or terrace, gradually accustoming it to the sun, but protecting from being too hot, as well as from rain and wind.
Transfer. Hibiscus should be replanted before flowering, in March-April. Young plants - annually, in a slightly larger pot; adults - once every 2-3 years, as necessary. If the plant has reached a large size, replanting it becomes difficult, therefore, for hibiscus growing in large pots, it is recommended to simply annually replace only the top layer of soil with a nutritious earthen mixture. Simultaneously with replanting, the plant is also pruned, thereby stimulating the appearance of a large number of young side shoots, on which flowers are formed. By pruning, as mentioned above, you can also form the crown of a hibiscus in the form of a beautiful bush or a standard low-growing tree. The cuttings obtained by pruning can be rooted. A month after transplantation, you need to make the first fertilizing, and then do them regularly throughout the summer.
soil mixture. Hibiscus needs nutritious soil and does not tolerate a calcareous substrate. To grow hibiscus, you can use the following soil mixtures:
* turf soil, leaf soil, humus, sand (4:2:4:1);
* turf and humus soil, peat (2:1:1) with the addition of bone meal and sand (1/4);
* turf, leaf soil, humus, peat, sand (1:1:1:1:1);
* 2 parts clay-turf and 1 part humus soil and sand;
* 1 part turf, 1 part leaf soil, 1 part peat soil, 1 part sand.
* humus, turf, peat soil, sand in the proportion (1:2:1:1) with the addition of pieces of charcoal;
* a mixture of two parts fertile garden soil, one part peat and one part sand;
* turf, leaf soil, humus and peat (3:1:2:1), with the addition of sand and bone meal;
* 2 parts turf, 1 part humus and 1 part leaf soil and a little horn shavings.
Large tub specimens are given heavier soil. Hibiscus also grows well in clean peat.
Specific Requirements- it is advisable to add horn shavings to the substrate (15 g/kg of mixture).
The earthen clod should not be allowed to dry out, especially in the heat. Hibiscus needs good drainage. Mulching helps maintain the required level of soil moisture in the summer.
Rest period. Hibiscus has a dormant period (October-February), for which it is gradually prepared: stop feeding, reduce watering. Then the plant is transferred to a cool room with a temperature of 12-18 °C. This temperature promotes the formation of flower buds. In winter, the plant should not be placed next to working plants. heating devices. With high winter temperatures and lack of lighting, leaves may fall. Watering is moderate.
Bloom. Hibiscus, with its bright funnel-shaped, bell-shaped flowers of various shades, from yellowish-white and soft pink to bright fiery red and violet-purple, stands out as a bright spot in the dense crown of leaves, is very popular among gardeners for its abundant, long-lasting flowering. Charming single flowers - simple, semi-double or double - can reach a diameter of 16 cm (hybrid forms - up to 27 cm!). Exotic look They give hibiscus flowers numerous threads of golden stamens, fused into a long tube extending far from the petals. Hibiscus has a long flowering period: from April to October. The luxurious flowers of this plant have only one drawback - they fade a day after they appear. But they are being replaced by more and more new ones. True, this only happens in skillful hands.
Hibiscus is rightfully considered one of the hardiest indoor plants. Very often they can be seen living in seemingly completely unbearable conditions. They withstand cold, drafts, and the darkness of various halls and lobbies. They also tolerate mistakes when watering. But it is very rare to find specimens that demonstrate all the beauty of this species. Of course, their owners are to blame for this. In order for hibiscus to fully bloom, it needs:
1. Provide a sufficiently bright place. It is especially important to comply with this condition in winter.
2. Regular application of nitrogen mineral fertilizers.
3. Annual formative pruning to ensure abundant flowering.
The fact is that in hibiscus only young shoots bloom, which appear from dormant buds in the axils of the leaves. Removing the tips of the shoots creates conditions for the active growth of side shoots and their subsequent flowering.
With this care, flowers appear regularly, even in late autumn - that is, in a time poor in flowers, when they are doubly pleasant to us.
Hibicus does not like to change its place of residence. You can move it (even from one room to another) only during the period when it is not blooming, otherwise, as mentioned above, the buds will fall off. By the way, the health of the plant is judged by their number. If the flowers open one after another, it means the care is correct and no additional nutrients are required. But even if in the warm season the appearance of flowers - very rare, then most likely the plant lacks moisture and fertilizer.
Possible problems and pests
Growing problems
The buds are falling. Most probable cause- drying out of the soil. Other causes may be lack of nutrients or overwatering. A sudden change in temperature, a change in living conditions, or overdrying of the substrate also lead to the fall of the buds. At unfavorable conditions and a sharp change in maintenance conditions, the hibiscus can completely shed not only its buds, but also its yellowed leaves, taking on a depressingly “naked” appearance, but soon new leaves will appear on it.
Leaves are falling. Sometimes, due to the dry air of city apartments, hibiscus leaves turn yellow and fall off. This is usually observed in large plants, the leaves and inflorescences of which require additional spraying. Another most likely reason is drying out of the soil. Other reasons may be drafts and waterlogging.
Leaves wrinkle. The reason for this may be too dry air when kept in a warm room in winter, with a temperature above 15 ° C. Spray the leaves often.
Root rot. This is a serious disease in which the leaves of the plant turn yellow and wither, then quickly darken and the plant dies. The reason is a fungal disease of the roots due to waterlogging of the soil. The plant can be saved only with early diagnosis of the disease using methods surgical treatment root rot.
Treatment. This is possible if all or most of the roots are white and elastic. Remove the plant from the pot for 2-3 days. Trim off any darkened roots, as well as any stems or leaves that show signs of rot. Place the plant back in the pot and water it with carbendazim solution. If there are few white and elastic roots, then the treatment may not give a positive result, but most plants at this stage of the disease can be saved. Free the plant's roots from the soil by holding it under running tap water. Place the plant on the table and trim sharp knife all darkened soft roots. Trim off any stems and leaves that show signs of rot, as well as the tops of stems to compensate for lost roots. Carefully transplant into new pot and fresh soil. Spray with carbendazim solution. Place the pot in a bright place out of direct sunlight. Do not water until new growth appears, then water carefully, being careful not to let the soil become waterlogged. If there are no healthy roots, then the plant cannot be saved.
Hibiscus pests. Whitefly. These small flying insects look a little like miniature white moths, swarming over a disturbed plant. The length of the whitefly is about 1 mm, the body is yellowish, two pairs of wings are covered with a white powdery waxy coating. The whitefly is a relative of scale insects. Its larvae are pale yellow with orange-red eyes and covered with short hairs. Females lay eggs in groups, often in the form of a ring of 10-20 eggs per inside young leaves. The average fertility of one female is 130 eggs, but can reach up to 280 eggs. Insects live in groups. Greenish larvae settle on the underside of leaves, suck out cell sap and leave a sugary secretion. The whitefly sucks juice from leaves, cuttings, and less often from stems; as a result, the leaves become discolored, faintly visible whitish or yellowish spots appear on them, the affected leaves turn yellow, curl and fall off. A sooty fungus settles on the sugary secretions of the whitefly, as a result of which photosynthesis is disrupted and the plants are further weakened. Prevention and control measures. Warm, dry air promotes the spread of this pest. Inspect the plant regularly. Getting rid of whiteflies is quite difficult. Sometimes this takes more than one week, since the insects partially fly away when touched or sprayed. Whiteflies are doubly dangerous because they fly. Therefore, take preventative measures for other plants in the house that may not yet be affected by spraying them with an insecticide.
Regularly wash off whitefly eggs and larvae from the leaves. Remove affected leaves. The number of adult insects can be reduced by hanging sticky tape, usually used for flies, near the plants. In addition, spray the plant leaves regularly with systemic insecticides. You may need to try several medications. Actellik, fufanon, intavir, decis, karbofos are usually used against whiteflies. From biological methods use microbiological preparations (bacterial, fungal): verticillin. Pyrethroids such as cypermethrin, talstar, arrivo, fury are effective.
You can also use ichneumon beetles, which will die after the whitefly is destroyed, because they will have nothing to eat.
Spraying the underside of the leaves with a solution of green soap (10-15 g/l) 3-5 times with an interval of 6-7 days also helps. Or an aqueous solution of nicotine sulfate (2-3 cm3/l) or parathion (0.5-1 cm3/l).
Aphid. Aphids - quite often infect hibiscus. Colonies of aphids inhabit all parts of the plant; they damage leaves on the underside, buds, and tops of shoots. The affected plant looks as if it has dandruff and the flowers are deformed. Damaged parts become discolored, leaves curl, turn yellow and fall off. The plant is severely inhibited and stops normal development. The buds do not open, the flowers become contaminated with sticky secretions. Aphids are especially dangerous in the spring, attacking the tips of young shoots.
The main danger is transfer viral diseases aphids and weakening of the plant, which can become more vulnerable to fungal infections - a “honey” coating appears on the leaves, in which mold fungi then settle, and the coating becomes blackish.
Aphids are sedentary insects ranging in size from 1 to 5 mm, oblong-ovoid in shape, with soft outer integuments. Body color is different different types aphids - from yellow-green to black. There are about 30 species. Houseplants are affected various types aphids, which can be not only green, but depending on the species have a different color. The most common greenhouse aphid is yellowish-green in color with long legs and antennae. Aphids reproduce quite quickly, forming colonies that take over everything large territory. In aphid colonies, larvae, adult wingless and winged individuals (the so-called disperser females) simultaneously occur, providing settlement - they often fly into open windows. In indoor conditions, aphids can cause harm all year round.
Most aphid species reproduce quickly. The development of one generation in indoor conditions ends within 20 days. The fertility of one female is up to 100 larvae.
Control measures. Aphids are unpleasant, but in principle easily eradicated pests. First of all, these rather large pests must be mechanically removed from the affected parts; severely affected leaves or shoots are removed. Then wash the plants with soapy water to remove most of the pests. After this, they are treated with infusion of tobacco, wormwood or other poisonous plants. In addition, aphids are sensitive to most poisons that are used to protect plants from insects. It is best to use intavir, talstar, arrivo, fury, cypermethrin, karate, "Fas", derris, fitoverm, decis, actellik, kinmiks, sumi-alfa, etc. Karbofos (10% concentrate) is also very effective - 7.5 -10 g per 1 liter of water. Among the biological methods, microbiological preparations (bacterial, fungal) are used: mycoafidin.
Follow the rule: before purchasing the drug, read the instructions. Carry out the treatment either early in the morning or postpone until the evening. Be sure to water the plant before treating. It is also recommended to rinse the plant. The treatment should be repeated 2-3 times with a break of 5-7 days.
Question answer
How to help hibiscus. There are buds on the plant, but they do not open, but simply fall off over time. The flower began to grow poorly, there are few leaves on it.
Hibiscus loves a bright, sunny and warm location; in summer it can be placed in the garden or on the balcony in an appropriate place (accustom to the sun gradually) until autumn, protecting it from scorching rays in very hot weather. Hibiscus needs good feeding: from spring to mid-August once a week, the rest of the year once a month. Spraying is necessary, especially when operating heating devices.
Hibiscus buds may fall off for the following reasons:
When changing location;
With a lack of light;
In case of insufficient feeding;
If the root ball is dry, do not allow the soil to dry out;
When watering with cold water;
With excessive watering. Pour out excess water from the pan.
Too long shoots with few leaves are pruned to stimulate branching.
Does hibiscus need special care? It stands on the windowsill along with all the flowers and does not have care privileges. But recently the leaves have begun to turn yellow and wither. What is this?
In the heat, hibiscus suffers from the hot sun - remove it from the windowsill in a bright place without direct sunlight, you can take it out to Fresh air to the balcony or garden. Hibiscus is shade-tolerant, loves spraying in the summer and periodic “showers” to wash away dust from the leaves. This “shower” is very useful for those types of indoor flowers that love spraying: it washes away dust from the plants and gives them the opportunity to fully “breathe” (especially important on hot days), and is also good as a means of prevention and pest control. But it is advisable to cover the soil in the pot with cellophane during the “shower”: tap water that has not stood for at least a day is harmful to the plants, and pests washed away by the “shower” can get onto the soil. Water the plants moderately after the “shower”; the soil should be moist, but not wet, so that there is no stagnation of moisture in the pots. How often to give your plants a “shower” will be determined by temperature and other conditions.
Hibiscus can be affected by pests; carefully examine the underside of the leaves and young shoots. Remove yellow leaves. When hibiscus is damaged spider mite Read about pest control measures.
After a couple of days, almost all the leaves of the donated hibiscus turned yellow. What's happening to him? How to deal with this? How often does it need to be watered? Hibiscus reacts very painfully to a sharp change in living conditions (for example: from the shade suddenly exposed to the sun; after the earthen clod dries out - excessive watering) by dropping buds, yellowing and loss of leaves. Provide hibiscus optimal conditions contents and carry out a series of spraying of hibiscus with Epin solution.
Light green spots first appear on hibiscus leaves, which then turn white. In these places the leaves seem to become thinner. At the same time, they continue to grow, but throughout the summer the flower never bloomed. What to do? How to help hibiscus?
Spots on hibiscus leaves can appear due to errors in care (for example: a plant constantly growing in the shade is suddenly exposed to the sun - it receives a temperature shock and burns occur on the leaves; the plant is sprinkled with water on a sunny day, and the droplets act on the leaves like small lenses ; for watering the hibiscus, too warm or cold water) or indicate the presence of infection.
If errors in caring for the plant are excluded, then light spots on the leaves of the hibiscus may be a manifestation of a fungal infection - remove the diseased leaves and treat the hibiscus with a milk solution. In addition, before each watering of the hibiscus, lightly bury several peeled cloves of garlic into the soil, and when the top layer dries out while loosening the soil, remove them and replace them with fresh ones. Soon after treatment with the milk solution, give the hibiscus a “shower” and spray the leaves with the Epin solution.
Why doesn't the Chinese rose (hibiscus) bloom? It bloomed once in its life and for 5 years now there hasn’t been a single flower. The greenery on the plant is lush. Maybe she's missing something?
Hibiscus blooms profusely when the following conditions are met: :
A bright sunny place (but without very hot sunlight - burns on the leaves are possible);
In summer, it is advisable to keep hibiscus in the fresh air;
In summer, abundant watering, in winter - moderate; spraying and maintaining high air humidity;
Coolness in winter (temperatures of 15 degrees promote the formation of flower buds);
Annual replanting of hibiscus in the spring into nutritious soil (humus, turf, peat soil, sand in a ratio of 1:2:1:1);
Spring pruning of hibiscus (shortly before or shortly after transplantation) for the formation of new flowering shoots (too long shoots can be pruned strongly, up to 2/3 of the length; medium and short shoots can be pruned less, and the resulting cuttings can be rooted);
In spring and summer, fertilize hibiscus weekly, in autumn and winter - once a month (alternating mineral and organic fertilizers).
There are red hibiscus, large, double flowers, and pink hibiscus, large, but not double flowers. How to make pink hibiscus flowers also double. Maybe cross them?
How wonderful it would be if it were so easy to get a plant with the desired flower!
To breed a flower with given characteristics (among them a certain color and degree of flower terry), breeders spend many years of hard work and use special methods for this in their work (this a whole science!). The degree of terryness of a hibiscus flower is a feature of the variety that is not transmitted through seed propagation.
In this case, the simplest and fastest solution is to purchase a cutting of a double pink hibiscus or an already rooted plant.
What's going on with the hibiscus? In October, the leaves began to turn yellow and fall off: first the largest and oldest ones, and now the young leaves and unopened buds. At the same time, the growth and appearance of young leaves continues. Upon careful examination of the leaves, back side darkish spots appeared, and then in these places the leaves began to turn yellow.
From sudden changes in temperature and drafts, from hypothermia, from excessive watering in autumn and winter, hibiscus develops a fungal infection; for the same reasons, as well as from lack of light, dryness of the root ball and change of location, the hibiscus sheds its buds and flower buds. When the air in the room is dry from heating radiators, pests (aphids, felt insects, spider mites) appear on hibiscus leaves.
If no pests are found on the hibiscus and there have been no errors in care, spray the hibiscus against fungal infection with a suspension of foundationazole (2 g per liter of water) after removing defective leaves from the plant.
The leaves of the hibiscus began to darken at the edges and fall off without drying out... I carefully study the affected plants, no pests were found, spraying with insecticides just in case did not help. The flowers did not dry out or flood, there was enough light, and they were not standing in a draft. The hibiscus is already completely bare, even the tips of the branches have begun to turn black. What could be the problem?
This problem arises in the fall, when the heating is turned on and a “killer set” of factors unfavorable for plants is formed: high air temperature combined with low humidity and, by inertia, watering usual for summer, although now the plants need much less soil moisture. As a result of the confluence of these unfavorable factors, brown spots, there is rot on the roots, as a result the leaves fall off.
Provide the plant with cool conditions in late autumn and winter. high humidity air and limited watering. Remove diseased parts of plants and water the substrate with foundationazole (2 g per liter of water).
Until the plants recover, regularly spray the remaining above-ground part with water with the addition of Epin.
