ABOUT One of the most painful questions that arise during cosmetic and major repairs is how and with what to remove or remove old paint. The task is not easy, because when creating new types of paints, their production, the developers’ task is exactly the opposite - how to make the paint more stable and durable. However, there are ways to clean surfaces from old paint, and we will talk about many of them below.
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Video version of the article
Let's start with removing, removing from various surfaces coatings made of oil (alkyd) paints. There are three ways to solve this problem: thermal, mechanical and chemical, as well as various combinations thereof. The most common of these methods is thermal, with partial use mechanical cleaning.
Thermal method of removing old paint (heating)
This process is performed as follows: old paintwork is heated to a softening temperature and in this state is scraped off with a steel spatula. The coating is heated using a blowtorch, gas torch or industrial hair dryer.
The thermal method is simple and effective, but has its disadvantages and limitations. For example, it will not be possible to remove paint from plastic, since most plastics begin to deform already at two hundred degrees Celsius. In addition, the use of devices that create a stream of hot fire is not always safe. IN indoors Another factor that limits the use of the thermal method comes into play - the release of toxic substances from paints when heated.
A big disadvantage of the thermal method of cleaning old paint is that it cannot be used to clean just any surface, even a heat-resistant one. It is not very effective when cleaning massive metal surfaces.
If the question arises of how to remove old paint from wood, then heating is indispensable, especially when wooden product covered with paint for a long time, layer after layer. When heated, such a thick layer swells with bubbles and is easily peeled off, leaving a clean surface suitable for new painting without any additional preparation.
The technology for using thermal paint cleaning is simple: hold a heating device with one hand, directing a flame or hot air to the surface, moving the jet as the paint softens, and with the other hand, in the direction of movement, clean off the softened paint with a spatula. The skill of working with both hands at the same time is developed in literally ten to fifteen minutes.
There are also attachments made from metal chains, often homemade, for removing paint using a drill - this method is crude, but often convenient.
In addition to these tools, there are also more specialized devices - surface grinders and stripping milling cutters. The latter are effective in removing paint from plastered, stone, concrete and other similar surfaces, but are not suitable for metal.
Surface grinders for cleaning oily compounds are ineffective because sandpaper quickly becomes unusable, becoming clogged with paint, but sometimes, especially if necessary high-quality processing small areas, they are not replaceable. In addition, they remove most water-based compositions well.
The technology for cleaning old paint with a power tool is even simpler than with the thermal method: the working part of the tool is pressed against the surface being treated and, as the desired degree of cleaning is achieved, it gradually moves.
Another tool that will help in removing old paint is a hammer drill. Using a wide spatula attachment, often homemade, you can remove old paint from concrete bases by knocking it off with a hammer drill. Flaw this method The problem is that along with the paint, the base itself can be damaged, so this method is more suitable for removing paint from durable concrete. Together with paint, putty and plaster are easily removed in this way, with → .
Sandblasting method of removing old paint
Another common method of mechanical cleaning of old paint is sandblasting. Principle sandblasting in that a stream of air or water is directed at the surface to be cleaned under high pressure, to which are added abrasive particles(most often - ordinary sand). Sand grains hitting high speed on the surface, it is perfectly cleaned not only from paint, but also from rust, from various kinds of other persistent contaminants.
The disadvantages of the sandblasting method include the relatively high cost of the equipment and the need for certain skills to maintain the devices and carry out the work itself.
Removing paint from walls can be a daunting task. It is relatively rare for paint to be removed very easily. In most cases you have to work hard and solve several problems.
Unfortunately, construction equipment has not yet been replenished universal machine for cleaning old paint.
And this is unlikely to happen, since construction and finishing technologies have changed a lot. That's why have to use old ways. In this article we will look at the main ways to remove old paint in the bathroom, kitchen and any other rooms.
When is this procedure necessary?
It depends on the method of repair. If you want to plaster surfaces, or repaint them, or wallpaper, then removing old paint will be required in all these cases.
There are times when old paint looks attractively durable and the owners stick wallpaper on it. However, in this case, the chances are very high that the drying glue, together with the mass of wallpaper that hangs on it, will detect hidden “bubbles”, where the paint adheres poorly or not at all.
This will immediately affect the wallpaper itself, which will greatly upset the owners, who spent a lot of money on repairs.
If you are covering a wall or ceiling with panels, then in this case the paint can be left on.
Methods
There are many ways to clean surfaces from old paint, and which one is the best for each specific case? depends on the nature of both the paint itself and the material walls.
Burnout
This method is fast and efficient, but unfortunately, it is not always applicable.
Its essence is that one worker heats a section of the wall or ceiling with a powerful gas burner until the paint darkens, and the second immediately after that quickly clears darkened areas sharp metal spatula.
Respiratory organs of workers are required must be protected by gas masks. Old paints can contain powerful carcinogens.
To avoid fire, it is prohibited to do so clear out wooden surfaces . You can burn any paints with organic binders.
Using solvents
The chemical method is suitable for:
- acrylic paints;
- glypthal;
- pentaphthalic;
- nitro;
- for some types of polymer paints.
The hardest thing to do is remove old oil paint this way. Washing starts from the top soaking the surface with a swab or roller. After a few hours, the swollen paint is cleaned off with a spatula.
This method is classified as particularly dangerous– may lead to an explosion of solvent vapors. Working without gas masks and effective ventilation is prohibited.
Special mixtures (washes)
In this case it applies special remedy. Taking into account the previous (see the section on solvents), chemists have developed a combined method, when the paint binder is organic-based exposed to strong alkali with the addition of solvents.
This leads to a decrease in vapor concentration solvents in the air, and due to the fact that alkali loosens old paint, the solvent quickly penetrates into the depths and has an additional effect.
Swollen paint clean using a scraper and wash the surface: first with acidified water (vinegar, lemon acid, weak hydrochloric acid 1-2%), and then lightly wiped with solvent R-646.
Grinder or hammer drill
A very effective and versatile way to remove paint. Suitable for all paints and surfaces, with limitation for wood. Woodworking requires great skill, since the surface can easily be damaged there.
The tool used is a crown brush or a special brick crown (mill). There are also chains, but these are very dangerous way- if a link flies off, then it may seriously injure the worker or those nearby.
To the disadvantages mechanical method applies very large amounts of toxic dust, therefore, it is necessary to work, at a minimum, with a respirator and safety glasses, and also perform continuous exhaust ventilation.
Now they are starting to appear on the market special tools for cleaning old paint, but they are quite rare.
Spatula or chisel
Least productive, but the cleanest method. Ideal, or better yet, irreplaceable, when working near sockets, wiring, pipes, in corners, near baseboards, as well as on wooden surfaces.
A spatula is used to remove layers of paint that do not adhere well to the surface, and a chisel helps in those places where the paint is held firmly. For this cleaning method it is very It’s useful to have sandpaper on hand, for sharpening tools that quickly become dull on stone surfaces.
Ax and water
This method is one of the simplest and completely safe. His the only drawback is that he requires significant muscular strength. Although each blow with an ax requires a little effort, you have to make thousands of such blows and untrained hands will quickly get tired.
An ax is used to make small but closely spaced notches, between which the paint cracks and falls off. Water is used to reduce dust, As a result, there is no dust at all. This surface preparation is very suitable for subsequent plastering.
Using a hair dryer
This method is similar to the burning method. But here the paint is heated at a lower temperature than an open flame gives, heating acts more locally, due to the hair dryer attachment, and this method can sometimes be one of the best.
Less harmful substances are released, but you should never forget about them. And use either frequent ventilation or a gas mask.
The layer of intumescent paint is removed with a spatula. Then the surface is washed and cleaned minor defects and wipe with a swab a small amount solvent.
How to choose the right method?
You should choose a method for cleaning walls from old paint: based on several considerations:
- wall material;
- type of old paint;
- ventilation possibilities;
- agreement with neighbors about noise, work hours, etc.;
- available tools;
- affordable budget.
Another sign that will help:
X – chem. M – mechanical T – thermal cleaning methods.
When choosing a cleaning method, priority should be given work safety for people, because lost health cannot be restored at any cost, and working with paint, especially if done unprofessionally, can be very harmful.
When renovating an apartment or house, sometimes it becomes necessary to remove old paint. The coating, despite its age, remains stable and strong. Exist different ways removal.
How to remove oil paint from walls
They have great durability. Even the blistering paint that is about to fall off is held firmly. The choice of coating removal method depends on several factors. So, how do you remove oil paint from walls?
When to remove oil paint from walls
The need to remove the old coating arises when you need to level the walls with plaster, putty, paint, wallpaper or veneer ceramic tiles. This is necessary for the new coating to last. If the work is done on an old paint layer, the result may not last long.
Methods for removing oil paint
Dismantling methods oil paint:
- Mechanical.
- Chemical.
- Thermal.
The best mechanical way
The mechanical method does not require financial costs, but involves physical labor. To perform this you need an ax.
The method is suitable if, after removing the coating:
- you will level the walls with plaster;
- tile.
This is explained by the fact that the plaster and adhesive solution have adhesion to the rough surface. Cleaning is cutting down oil solution off the wall.
Operation instructions:
- Notches are made on the surface to be cleaned with a sharp ax.
- After this, the wall must be moistened with water using a sprayer or a rag.
- As it dries, the coating is removed with an ax. The tool must be used at an acute angle.
- After this, the surface is cleaned with sandpaper.
If work takes place in a room without ventilation, then protect the respiratory system with a gauze bandage.
The coating can also be removed using a grinder or drill with a special attachment:
- With a wide abrasive wheel or a round metal brush - for an angle grinder.
- Brick bit - for drill.
Thermal option: how to quickly remove a layer of paint
softens under influence high temperature. If the paint is heated, it can be easily removed with a spatula.
Instructions:
- Used for heating construction hair dryer. Required area warms up.
- Use a spatula to remove the paint.
If you don't have a hairdryer, an iron will do. You only need to heat the surface through the foil.
This method must be used in ventilated areas, because when heated, harmful substances are released. In addition, despite the cleanliness of the method and speed, there are nuances: it cannot be used near electrical wiring and on surfaces that are afraid of heating.
Should not be used as a heater under any circumstances. gas-burner, blowtorch or other open flame source is dangerous.
Chemical remover: the best paint remover
To remove oil coating A special product has been developed - a remover. Contains chemicals and solvents. Under the influence of the remover, the paint softens and is absorbed with a clamp or spatula.
It is necessary to work with chemical remover with extreme caution, because it contains aggressive chemicals.
Instructions:
- The wash is applied to the surface with a brush or roller in one direction.
- After a certain period of time (which is indicated in the instructions for the product), the surface is cleaned with a tool.
- If necessary, repeat the procedure. This usually needs to be done if the paint is applied in several layers.
- When the work is completed, the mixture of paint and solvent must be disposed of.
The wash has a big drawback: there is a danger of poisoning chemicals. The product can only be used in a well-ventilated area or with a powerful hood.
The solution has persistent odor, therefore, until it completely disappears, it is not recommended to live in the room where the wash was used.
In addition to the above, the remover has a high price. Therefore, this method will significantly hit your wallet.
Safety regulations
Cleaning the surface from paint and varnish material, you must follow the safety rules:
- It is necessary to ventilate the room, especially using a chemical remover.
- Use individual means protection - a gauze bandage to prevent damage to the respiratory system and mucous membranes. Protect your eyes from dust and paint particles. Use special gloves for your hands.
- When using the thermal method, carefully select the surface, do not heat flammable surfaces or those with electrical wiring.
- When working with the remover, strictly follow the instructions.
- Handle tools carefully.
- If in the room where the work takes place there is exposed wiring, then the room must be de-energized.
- When using a ladder or stepladder, it is better to put rubber tips on the lower ends so that it does not slip.
- Clothes should be comfortable.
- Remove hair so as not to interfere.
- The room should be well lit.
- In the room where they are used heating devices, smoking and open flames are prohibited.
When it is impossible to remove oil paint from walls
has durability. but can be removed. If the paint is applied in several layers, then the procedure must be repeated until complete withdrawal coverings. Removing oil paint from concrete surfaces is a particularly labor-intensive process. The coating can be removed from any surface, you just need to stock up on strength and patience.
Special Moments
The chemical and thermal method differs in speed from the mechanical one. But, despite the labor-intensive process with an ax, this method is one of the safest. By cleaning the surface in this way, no harmful or toxic substances remain.
If you plan to refresh the paint, it is not always necessary to remove it from the surface.
Removing oil coating is a labor-intensive process. Be careful when choosing a method and follow safety rules.
Useful video
For painting walls, paints based on water based. This ensures quick drying of surfaces, absence of odor during work and safety during operation. Even 20-30 years ago the choice decorative coatings was much scarcer, so enamels based on varnishes and drying oils were most often used. Those who had to during overhaul premises to remove old paint from walls, they know how difficult it is to do it. The article discusses the most effective methods removing the coating.
Preparing to remove the coating
Anyone who believes that paint can be used to lay tiles or tiles is deeply mistaken. Of course, if we are talking about fast cosmetic repairs, which is often done not for oneself, but, for example, before selling a home, this option is also suitable. It is not worth doing yourself a disservice by using such technology.
Before you figure out which method of removing old paint to choose, you need to study the type of coating. Paint can be:
Water-based;
Acrylic;
Oily.
You also need to examine the base on which the coating was previously applied. Most often the following are stained:
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Plaster.
In addition to determining the type of paint and substrate, the following factors must be taken into account:
What arsenal of tools does the farm have?
How quickly does it take to prepare a wall for painting?
Reference! The most labor-intensive process is removing oil paint from concrete base, which was not pre-plastered.
Regardless of the chosen method of removing old paint from walls, you should prepare tools that may be useful for the job:
Electric drill with abrasive attachments or a metal brush (can be replaced with a hammer drill);
Grinder with appropriate attachments;
Chisel, scraper, spatula, construction knife;
Construction hairdryer.
As aids are used: chemical compositions– solvents, water.
Using chemicals
To work, you will need to purchase special cleaning agents made from organic or alkaline substances. The composition is evenly distributed over work surface with the capture of a small fragment of the wall. For the chemical components to interact with the paint, wait about 10 minutes, after which the slightly swollen coating is removed using a spatula or scraper. If necessary, the procedure is repeated on the same area 2-3 times.
Advantages of the method:
Simple technology;
Gradual peeling of paint without deformation of the base.
Flaws:
You need to provide a budget for purchasing funds (when working in a large room, a lot of solvent will be used);
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The chemical method is ineffective for coatings applied more than 2 years ago;
Acrid smell of solvents;
For safety reasons, work is carried out in special clothing and a respirator.
Mechanical method
This method is considered popular due to the lack of a budget for purchase. Supplies and efficiency. However, it is worth considering that it is also the most labor-intensive. The essence of the work is to process the wall with an ax (you need to make as many cuts as possible) followed by stripping the paint with an abrasive brush, which is used as an attachment for a drill or grinder.
Advantages:
The paint stripping process does not require any capital investment;
The resulting notches on the base will give the surface a roughness, which is ideal for subsequent laying of tiles.
Flaws:
The success of the work depends on the correctly selected angle of the ax blade;
When making cuts and stripping, dust rises in the room, so protective equipment (clothing, goggles, respirator) is required.
It should be noted that paint removal mechanical method it takes a lot of time. Moreover, the operating period is shorter than the waiting time for dust to shrink. Passing the hammer drill attachment for one minute requires a 20-minute break. You won’t be able to speed up the process by moisturizing; the time saved will be used to remove dirt from the floor.
Removing paint using high temperatures
Under the influence of high temperature, the old paint begins to melt, causing the coating to swell and begin to bubble. After this reaction, all that remains is to remove the raised layer with a spatula or scraper. It is ideal to use a hair dryer as a source of hot air. It is directed to a certain area and bubbles are expected to appear.
Cosmetic repairs are a troublesome task. Especially when it cannot be continued due to the layer old paint on the walls or ceiling In order for plasters or other materials to lie smoothly on the base under the paint, it must be removed. But it is advisable to be able and know how to remove oil paint from walls.
Why remove old coating from walls?
Paint with concrete wall remove before the restoration of the walls and ceilings , leveling with putty, plaster, tiles or wallpapering. Otherwise, nothing will stick to the surface. wallpaper glue, nor construction mixture.
If the wall is painted sheathed with sheets of plasterboard, clapboard or panels, then the top layer removed at will.
Pre-designed wall decoration will save time and money.
Tools
To remove oil paintuse tools:
- Construction hair dryer or blowtorch.
- Putty knife, sharp knife, chisel, ax for notching.
- Brush (old).
- Chemical removers.
- Electrical devices(grinder, drill, hammer drill).
- Tool attachments.
Methods for removing oil paint from walls
Mechanical
The method is labor-intensive, but at the same time cheap. Old paint on concrete walls and ceilings removed with an axe.
Process progress:
- walls or ceiling moistened with water;
- make notches;
- Clean oil coatings from the wall.
In this manner removing old oil paint from wallsfor reliable adhesion of the surface to the mortar (before leveling or tiling the surface).
Chemical
For rinsing use a chemicaloil paint remover. In cleaning solvents contains chemical reagents that soften and remove any paint layer.
Rules of use:
- chemical remover is applied to concrete , plastered or metal surface using a roller or brush;
- cleaning start after the time indicated on the package has expiredwashes Facilities removed along with the paint spatula, scraper or knife;
- if the paint hasn't come off , the procedure is repeated.
After removing old oil paint garbage and remaining wash Do not dispose of in the ground or sewer.
Rough work is carried out in rooms with good ventilation, becauseremoverpaints contain chemicals and solvents , which cause poisoning or burns of mucous membranes.
After removing oil paint from ceilingor walls, be in the room where the flushing not until the smell disappears completely.
You can buy the wash in a store or make it yourself. Sweep you can use lime or liquid glass(the products are applied to concrete walls and leave for a day). After applying such compositions to the surface, the dried solution or oil The paint can be easily removed with a spatula.
The best remover – “Antikras-Universal”. It is suitable for all types of surfaces and coatings. Cost – 300 rubles per 5 kg.
Thermal
Old coating is easy cleared from the surface in the following way:
- concrete the surface is heated with a hairdryer or blowtorch;
- paint is removed immediately after turning off the tool.
You can replace a hair dryer with an iron for ironing fabrics. In this case, the surface is heated through the foil.
This way cleaning cannot be used for old surfaces through which they pass electric wires and for plastic walls.
