OVER THE LAST 20-30 YEARS, THE GAZEBO AS A PHENOMENON HAS BECOME A FASHIONABLE TREND IN COUNTRY LIFE. EVEN ON OLD, LONG-EQUIPPED 6-acre plots, PEOPLE CARVED PLACE FOR A SMALL GAZABO OR CANNOT TO DRINK TEA IN THE FRESH AIR OR TO CELEBRATE A MEETING WITH FRIENDS WITH A BBQ. BUT FASHIONABLE DOES NOT MEAN RATIONAL...

It's impossible not to love the dacha, especially if you love Chekhov. “At the Dacha”, “Summer Residents”, “Dacha Pleasure” - almost a dozen stories can be counted where the word “dacha” is included in the title, and it’s impossible to count how many where the dacha serves as the setting for the action! True, Chekhov's summer residents were never noticed gardening work- they fall in love, play music, play forfeits and certainly drink wine and tea. And not just anywhere, but on the terrace. The terrace, according to the classic, is the focus country life and the main stage of all dacha events. Queen of the dacha!

Over the past century, everything has changed in the most sad way. Firstly, the word “summer resident” has lost its former lightness - weeding, pruning, loosening and watering have firmly taken the place of flirting and forfeits, and secondly, all the terraces have disappeared somewhere.

For the last 30 years, people have been drinking kebabs and tea from a samovar exclusively in gazebos. They discuss how to build a gazebo, what to plant around it, and how to properly lay a path to it from the porch of the house.

TERRACE IS:

1. SUMMER OPEN (WITHOUT WALLS) ANNEX TO THE HOUSE. BUILDING. COVERED TERRACE – WITH POLAR ROOF. GLASSED TERRACE.

2. HORIZONTAL LEGEND OF THE EARTH'S SURFACE (ON SLOPES, RATES) AMONG OTHERS SIMILAR. AREA. VERANDAAS. J. THE SAME. WHAT IS TERRACE IN THE 1ST MEANING. THE TERM – TERRACE – WAS CHOSEN FOR THE ARTICLE EXCLUSIVELY OUT OF RESPECT FOR THE RUSSIAN CLASSIC. CHEKHOV HAS ONLY TERRACES.

Explanatory Dictionary of S. I. Ozhegov

The fashion for gazebos has a practical basis.

Frightening difficulties

The gazebo is in no way dependent on the house and is not connected with it, and the terrace assumes close proximity to the main building on the site. Difficulties in connecting two buildings on different foundations frightening. How to build a terrace if the house already exists, but it requires a foundation and such construction will cost a little more than building a light gazebo? Many people believe that a gazebo can be erected virtually without a foundation, on stones.

But this is not so: you also need to prepare the foundation for the gazebo, otherwise it will have to be leveled every spring. In addition, gazebos are usually small, and nice terrace stretches across the entire side of the house - which means the roof is for large terrace will be more expensive than for a small gazebo.

ADVANTAGES OF THE TERRACE

At first glance, a gazebo is simply cheaper than a terrace. Meanwhile, the advantages of the terrace more than compensate for its relative high cost.

Unlike a gazebo, a terrace is part of the house, in fact another room. Living-dining room on fresh air– and two steps from the kitchen. Setting the table and, most importantly, clearing the table after long gatherings is much faster and more convenient. You can even put a cupboard on the terrace. In the gazebo, there is usually no space for cabinets or storage areas in general. On the way from the kitchen to the gazebo, the food has time to cool down even on a summer evening. And to cook comfortably in a gazebo, you need summer cuisine with a stove and burners, which will require extra space and serious investments.

To illuminate the terrace, the electrical wiring already present in the house is used - minimal changes are required. To illuminate the gazebo and the path to it, the wires will have to be pulled much further.

TERRACE SIZE MATTERS

The terrace can be made much more spacious than the gazebo. The gazebo is a separate building; it still needs to be selected appropriate place. On a small and already developed site, it is very difficult to allocate an area sufficient for a spacious gazebo. For example, the area of ​​traditional hexagonal gazebo, inscribed in a circle 0 4 m, is equal to 10.34 m2. A circle with a diameter of 4 m is a significant object for a small garden.

A terrace 2.5 m wide, attached to the wall of a house 6 m long, has an area of ​​15 m2 - 1.5 times larger, and the site will visually remain much freer.

And this is not to mention the fact that the economical hexagonal shape of the gazebo does not visually suit every home and garden.

TASK FOR A LANDSCAPE DESIGNER

A gazebo is more difficult to fit into the landscape. Standing separately from the house, it can look massive, even if there is little space inside. You need to carve out a spot in the middle of the garden, think over and lay paths, decorate the gazebo with plantings and create the impression that it stands freely and does not look too large relative to the site (photo 1).

The terrace is visually part of the house, which is already the most massive object on the site. It won't look much bigger after adding a deck. This means that visually the garden will not seem truncated; the area will still be free.

Finally, the terrace - great way decorate the facade. A spacious terrace suits almost any home, making the simplest façade interesting and varied.

As you can see, the terrace is perfect solution even for a small area. How to design a terrace correctly?

ORIENTATION OF THE TERRACE TO THE SIDE OF THE HORIZONT

It is known that it is better to avoid the north side and choose the southeast or southwest. But the final decision depends on the details. If you dream of a terrace like this to have breakfast with your family or meditate in the silence of the early morning, you need an east or southeast side.

If the goal is to host noisy parties, then the western side is perfect to catch more of the evening sun. It is often not recommended to orient the terrace strictly south, but in middle lane this is quite acceptable, especially if the terrace is covered.

ARCHITECTURE

Of course, the easiest way to design the perfect terrace is together with the house. In this case, you can include in the project, for example, corner terrace with exits from the kitchen and living room. It will be perfectly protected from the wind (two walls of the house are used) and it will be easier to cover it with a roof.

If the terrace is planned to be attached to ready home, a safe solution is to do it along the entire length of the selected wall. This solution will definitely not spoil the facade. If the house has complex shape, for example, a bay window, a terrace can partially follow its contours - it will look harmonious.

Exit to the terrace is from the kitchen or living room. It is better not to combine the entrance to the terrace and the main entrance to the house: dirty shoes in the dining room (and the terrace is primarily a dining room) is clearly unnecessary. The terrace can be made closed with removable glazing, but unheated: you get a living-dining room in the summer and a vestibule - additional insulation walls in winter (photo 2).

An open terrace on posts and with a light fence looks much more airy and openwork, but it will probably have to be covered with film to protect it from snow for the winter.

WHAT SIZES SHOULD A TERRACE BE?

It is most convenient when the floor of the terrace is level with the clean floor of the house. This way the terrace will be raised above the ground to the height of the plinth. So that it doesn’t stagnate rainwater, a slope of 2% (2 cm of height per 1 m of length) from the wall of the house is required.

FOUNDATION

If you are building a house from scratch, of course, it is best to make a common foundation for the house and terrace. If you are planning to add a terrace to a finished house, you should contact a civil engineer. who will advise how to minimize the mutual displacement of the terrace and the house in heaving soils. And it greatly depends on the design of the existing foundation. If possible, repeat the design of the foundation of the house. If it is difficult, look for a compromise engineering solution(photo 4).

The terrace is not tied to the house - it is placed closely, providing the possibility of different vertical shifts of buildings, and the joints are covered with flashings. This will mask the difference in height fluctuations due to soil swelling (Fig. 1).

COATING

It should be non-slip and resistant to precipitation. Popular options - wooden deck board(larch, teak), additionally treated with oil or deck varnish; composite terrace board(photo 5).

ROOF

Terraces with open air look advantageous rafter structure, especially if the beams are already braided climbing plants. It looks beautiful, but is only suitable for snowless regions. Even if the snowdrift on the terrace itself does not bother you, there is a risk of the wall of the house getting wet. In the “risky farming” zone, it is better to make the terrace covered.

The roof is single-pitch, with a slight slope depending on the selected material. A roof that is flatter than the house will look harmonious if roofing material same.

You can also make a lightweight polycarbonate canopy, but the attractiveness of this option greatly depends on the overall style of the house. If you already have a porch under a polycarbonate canopy, why not.

The terrace is ready. All that remains is to plant maiden grapes and sweet peas to braid the supports - and you can install the samovar.

Have a royal holiday at your dacha!

COZY TERRACE WITH YOUR HANDS – VIDEO

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A terrace is a covered, unheated structure raised above the ground, free-standing or attached to the main building. Such a building, decorated with light garden furniture and flowers, can not only decorate the yard, but also become a favorite vacation spot for all family members.

Terrace options

Terraces are:

• open;
• closed;
• partially covered.

An open terrace is an area attached to the house without walls or roof. Here, in good weather you can sit comfortably in a chair and flip through a magazine or do yoga. On open terraces you can often see an elegant fence made of hand forged, simple lighting and a floor-mounted sleeve for attaching a sun umbrella.

Partially covered terraces have a light canopy over them, covering either the entire area or only part of it. It is possible to have decorative half-walls made of lightweight materials

A closed terrace is already a full-fledged, equipped room with many windows and furniture. It can be used all year round.

Terrace project

For wooden country house, used only in the warm season, best option terraces - construction of a light plank extension decorated in folk style rustic style. The location and shape of the structure depends on the personal preferences of the owners and the layout of the house. The main thing is that it is comfortable in all respects. The most common option is to build a terrace against the wall near the entrance. This creates a wonderful recreation room that serves as a hallway and porch. The circular construction of a terrace along the entire house is also interesting.

The structure can be erected near the living room or kitchen. This placement is quite convenient, as it allows you to freely carry dishes and treat guests through the nearest passage.

When making a terrace project, the main condition that it is advisable to observe when choosing a location is that there should be an exit from the house to the building itself.

Those who want to protect this structure from prying eyes can make it at the back of the house. You can plant it nearby beautiful plants and trees. This place will be a pleasure for all family members to relax.

Configuration and size

The dimensions of this structure are influenced by the purpose of its use and the space occupied. So, to comfortably accommodate two people, it is enough to allocate an area of ​​120 cm 2. You should calculate the number of family members and take into account the number of invited guests. It is also worth remembering the area required to install furniture: chairs, benches, sun loungers, sofas. And there should still be space for the free movement of people.

The configuration of such an extension can be absolutely any: square, round, rectangular, polygonal. The most common option is to build a rectangular terrace. Standard width extension - 2.5 m, and the length is equal to the size of the adjacent wall of the house.

Regardless of the configuration, any design consists of 3 main parts:

• foundation;
• flooring;
• auxiliary elements.

Selection of materials

Before building a terrace, you need to select building materials. The best way save money - use those left over after building the house. Stones and bricks can be used to build a foundation. If you buy material, it is important to choose only the highest quality, since the structure will have to withstand both scorching heat and winter cold.

For finishing partially covered and open areas the best option- usage natural stone or its imitation. The advantage of this material is the combination of resistance to climatic influences and external beauty. Also suitable plastic panels, cast iron and aluminum.

Enclosed terraces are most often lightweight buildings, so they are mainly built according to frame diagram. The most environmentally friendly and cozy option- construction of a wooden terrace, where the frame elements are made of timber, and the cladding is made of particle boards or lining. Wood is considered an affordable and easy-to-work material, but it rots over time, so it requires careful care. Often the load-bearing elements of the frame are replaced with a more durable one steel profile. The extension of the terrace can be made of lightweight building materials, for example, aerated concrete.

Owners of private houses and summer cottages love to create a place on their estate where they can relax, eat, and even work in the fresh air in a pleasant and comfortable way.

Such a place could be a terrace attached directly to the house. And if you still don’t have one, it’s time to start building.

The most important thing you need to do before adding an extension terraces to the house, this is its design taking into account its purpose, location, shape, size and, of course, the material that will be needed for construction. Let's deal with all these points in order.

Purpose - what do you plan to use the summer terrace for?

Before you build a deck, think about how and what you will use it for. If you need a terrace at your dacha for a family holiday, then a small building with a roof that provides protection from the sun and rain is sufficient. In case you have a private Vacation home, where you often receive guests and throw parties, then you should also plan a place to install a charcoal or electric grill in the fresh air. In this case, it would be advisable to build a structure made of brick or stone, paved, for example.

How to choose the right terrace location

Choosing a place where it will be built terrace to the house, several factors should be taken into account:

1. Where the sun rises.

If you often relax on the summer terrace in the morning, for example, at breakfast before work, then it is better to attach the terrace to the house on the eastern side - the sun, rising in the morning, will flood it with its light and lift your mood for the whole day.

On the other hand, if you manage to allocate more time for relaxation in the evening, then the western side, where the sun shines for the longest time, will be an excellent place to add a terrace to the house.

Are you planning to hide in the shade of the summer terrace in the hot sun? Then determine the place where it is most shady during the day.

1. Away from the road.

Roads are not only excessive noise, but also exhaust fumes, which are very harmful to breathe. In such conditions, relaxation will not be complete, so build a terrace at the dacha or on the plot country house It’s better on the side where there is no roadway.

1. Conveniently close to the entrance.

It’s good if there is direct access to the terrace from the house - from front door or from the kitchen. By adding a veranda in this way, it will be convenient for you to set the table for breakfast, lunch, dinner or entertaining guests.

What is the optimal size of a summer terrace?

For a family of 3-4 people, a summer terrace measuring 10-12 m² is quite enough. but if you want to put a rocking chair on it or hang it, perhaps even make a small play corner for children, then you should make a larger terrace project.

In addition, the size of the terrace depends on the size of the house itself and the area surrounding it. A veranda that is too small will look awkward in the background big house, there is a large terrace near small house will also not cause rave reviews.

Summer terrace shape

A terrace attached to the house will look most beautiful in rectangular shape. Its straight lines, combined with the lines of the house, will look harmonious. In addition, this form will facilitate the construction process itself.

To make the terrace look more original, several levels should be provided during its construction. So, summer terrace made of stone can easily take arbitrary shapes. If you build it from wood, you can add originality by cutting the edges with a jigsaw.

Country wooden terraces photo

In any case, the most important thing is that the terrace attached to the house was combined with its architecture or the style of other buildings on the site.

Of course, the project itself does not end there, and then comes the stage of adding a terrace to the house. But more on this in the next article.