07.04.2015 19:31
Topic update:
Goal of the work: study the reasons for changes in leaf color in trees and
bushes before leaf fall.
Tasks:
change color.
Object of study:
Subject of study: change in leaf color on trees and
bushes.
Hypothesis: My guess is that leaves change color on trees and shrubs because the tree is sick or the leaves are afraid of the cold.
Practical significance
Novelty
View document contents
“Research work “Why leaves fall in autumn””
Municipal educational government institution secondary general education
school in the village of Levintsy, Orichevsky district, Kirov region
VIIregional conference of research works and junior projects
schoolchildren “I explore nature”
WHY LEAF FALL IN AUTUMN
Completed the work: 4th grade student
Maltseva Alexandra
Head: Elena Evgenievna Chagina,
teacher primary classes
village Levintsy
Introduction ……………………………………………………… I. Literature review ………………………………………………………
1.1 Reasons for changes in leaf color in trees and shrubs
1.2 Leaf fall deciduous trees and bushes…………
1.3 Features of leaf fall different trees and bushes...
II. Research methods
2.1 Work steps
2.2 Research methods
III. Research results
Conducting research on the extraction of pigments from plant material, experimental results......
Bibliography …………………………………………….
Application …………………………………………………
Introduction
Topic update:
I have always been interested to know where autumn comes from so many bright and varied colors. After all, in summer all the leaves are green. Why exactly in the fall does the foliage change color, and the leaves become yellow, red, purple. In the lesson “The World Around us” we studied seasonal changes in nature. They brought a lot from the excursion colorful leaves. But I never received an answer as to why all the leaves are different colors, so I decided to find out on my own.
Goal of the work: study the reasons for changes in leaf color in trees and shrubs before leaf fall.
Tasks:
1. Study literature on the topic.
2. Observe the color of deciduous trees and shrubs
during the autumn period.
3. Investigate why there are leaves on trees and shrubs in autumn
change color.
4. Find out why trees and shrubs shed their leaves for the winter.
Object of study: fallen leaves of trees and bushes.
Subject of study: change in leaf color of trees and shrubs.
Hypothesis: My guess is that the leaves change color on the trees and shrubs because the tree is sick and the leaves are afraid of the cold.
Practical significance: the ability to independently obtain information on a desired topic, to find application for the acquired knowledge in Everyday life, development of aesthetic taste, interest in environmental problems.
Novelty The work is that no one has ever conducted such research at our school; there is not enough material in the literature on this topic.
ILiterature review
1.1 What is leaf fall
Leaf fall - natural leaf fall woody plants and shrubs in autumn, associated with the preparation of plants for winter and caused by changes in day length. Only a few (for example, oak) leaves dry out and gradually collapse; usually leaves that have previously lost green color and having become yellow and red, they fall off. Leaves may fall en masse over a period of time or gradually, one at a time, over a long period of time. If a plant loses all its leaves for any period of time, they are called deciduous. Evergreens carry leaves all year round, changing them periodically 1.
1.2 Main autumn seasons
Autumn– one of the four seasons, between summer and winter. Autumn is a transitional season, when there is a noticeable decrease in daylight hours and the air temperature gradually drops.
Conventionally, autumn is divided into four subseasons.
1 sub-season- beginning of autumn. It begins with the appearance of the first yellow strands in the crowns of birch, linden, and elm, and it ends when the number of colored and green leaves becomes approximately equal, which often happens in the last ten days of September.
2 sub-season- Golden autumn. Lasts approximately from late September to mid-October. During this period, the foliage on the trees turns more and more yellow and intensive leaf fall begins. The forests are gradually becoming bare.
3 subseason– late autumn (October). With the end of leaf fall for birch, aspen and elm, deep autumn begins and lasts. It continues until the first snow (not flying in the air, but the one that covers the ground at least for a day or night).
4 subseason– pre-winter (first half of November). The last autumn subseason, which is also a transition to winter, is why it got its name. 2
1.3 Green leaf color
In summer, all trees have the same color - green. But in the fall, the same leaves take on different colors. Where do these colors come from?
It turns out that the leaves are green because they contain a special substance - chlorophyll. Scientists named this substance chlorophyll (from the Greek words “chloros” - green and “phyllon” - leaf). Chlorophyll is considered the green blood of plants. It's like he tiny kitchen inside every leaf! This kitchen helps to transform sunlight and water as food for plants. Science has proven that without a green leaf, not only can a plant not live, but there would be no life at all on Earth. It turned out that the most important transformations of water and carbon dioxide into sugar and starch. At the same time, the leaves release oxygen, which all living things on the planet breathe. The great Russian scientist Kliment Arkadyevich Timiryazev called the leaf the great factory of life. Timiryazev devoted most of his life to chlorophyll research. In his book "The Life of a Plant" he vivid examples showed how a green plant feeds, grows, develops and reproduces. Chlorophyll plays main role V photosynthesis. 3 The process of photosynthesis can be depicted with this simple formula.
WATER + CARBON DIOXIDELIGHT = GLUCOSE + OXYGEN
CHLOROPHYLL
The leaves appear green to us because of the large number of chlorophyll grains located in the leaf. Along with chlorophyll, there are others in the leaf pigments 4 - CAROTENOIDS(yellow and Orange color), ANTHOCYAN ( red and purple). Chlorophyll in a living leaf is constantly being destroyed and formed again.
But this only happens in the light. Therefore, in the summer, when the sun shines for a long time, the formation of chlorophyll does not lag behind its destruction. And the leaf remains green all the time. At this time, other pigments “sleep”. By the end of summer - beginning of autumn, the days become shorter. Trees sense the approaching cold and begin to prepare for winter. Plants are already receiving less light. Chlorophyll is destroyed during the day and does not have time to be restored at night. The green light in the leaf decreases, and a yellow, crimson or red tint becomes noticeable. It depends on what coloring substance is in the withering leaf. Trees and plants prepare for winter, and give us the opportunity to admire their beautiful colors every time. 5
II. Research methods
2.1. Stages of work
Stage 1 – preparatory: statement of the problem, selection of an object, study of the territory, familiarity with methods and literature.
Stage 2 – experimental: collection of fallen leaves was carried out on the territory of the school site. Identification of unfamiliar leaves using the identification atlas, conducting experiments on leaf coloring.
Stage 3 – analytical: analysis of research results, finding out why leaves change their color in the autumn, experimentally finding out what the color of leaves on trees and shrubs depends on, isolating plant pigments.
Stage 4 – reporting: decor research work.
Stage 5 – informational: The results of the work were familiarized to the students of our class and the participants of the regional conference.
2.2 Working methods
2.2.1 Survey of classmates about the reasons for the change in leaf color.
2.2.2 Observations on changes in leaf color in different subseasons
2.2.3 Collection of fallen leaves of trees: silver birch, maple
American, aspen, mountain ash, gray alder; shrubs: rosehip
May, lilac, chokeberry (chokeberry).
2.2.4 Conducting experiments to change leaf color
Experiments No. 1,2 Isolation of chlorophyll from lilac leaves
Experiments No. 3,4 Isolation of anthocyanin from red cabbage leaves
III. Research results
3.1 Results of the classmate survey
I read in the atlas-identifier A.A. Pleshakova “From Earth to Sky” information about each tree and shrub that I will study, and conducted a survey among classmates, trying to find out what they think about the change in leaf color before leaf fall.
Poll of classmates on the topic: “Why do leaves change color?”
3.2 Change in leaf color of trees and shrubs to different
subseasons of autumn
| Plant | 1 sub-season | 2 sub-season | 3 subseason | 4 subseason |
| Silver birch | first yellow leaves | excessive yellowing of foliage | end of leaf fall | |
| American maple | purple leaf color | leaf fall | ||
| yellow and bright red leaves | end of leaf fall | |||
| first red leaves | excessive reddening of foliage | leaf fall | ||
| Gray alder | leaves do not change color | leaves do not change color | leaves do not change color | end of leaf fall |
| Rosehip May | first red leaves | excessive reddening of foliage | leaf fall | |
| leaves do not change color | leaves do not change color | leaves do not change color | end of leaf fall |
|
| purple-red color | leaf fall |
Conclusion:
3.3 Experimental results
EXPERIENCE No. 1
Equipment and materials: lilac leaf, alcohol, flask
Progress: for the experiment I took a lilac leaf, because it contains only one pigment - chlorophyll. She put it in a flask, filled it with alcohol and began to observe what was happening. After 5-7 minutes, dark spots appeared on it. In the place where the leaf was slightly torn, a light green color appeared. The alcohol acquired a light green tint. I waited another 20 minutes, but the color did not become brighter.
Conclusion: The change in color of the alcohol occurred because chlorophyll dissolved in the alcohol.
EXPERIENCE No. 2Isolation of chlorophyll from lilac leaves
Equipment and materials: lilac leaf, alcohol, flask, cup, tripod, dry fuel, tray, matches
Progress: Now I decided to heat the flask with alcohol, in which there was already a lilac leaf, in a water bath. When the water in the cup is hot,
the alcohol began to turn green. After 5 minutes the alcohol completely changed its color
Conclusion: chlorophyll dissolves in alcohol, and when heated, this process occurs faster. Strong The alcohol extract from green leaves looks emerald green in the light.
(Appendix No. 1)
EXPERIENCE No. 3
Equipment and materials: red cabbage leaves, saucepan, spoon, 9% acetic acid
Progress: For the experiment, I took red cabbage leaves, because they contain anthocyanin , put it in a saucepan and put it on the fire. When the water boiled, a turquoise hue appeared. Then the color of the water became more saturated. I dropped a few drops of 9% directly into the pan. acetic acid and the water in the pan took on two different shades. Where the acid hit, the water turned pink, and the second part of the water remained turquoise. I stirred the water in the pan with a spoon, and the water turned bright pink. I took out a cabbage leaf with a spoon and saw that now it was not purple, but pale yellow. I spent 15 minutes doing the experiment.
Conclusion: Red cabbage leaves contain anthocyanin, which gives the leaves a pink color.
EXPERIENCE No. 4Isolation of anthocyanin from red cabbage leaves
Equipment and materials: red cabbage leaves, glass pan, plate, glass, 70% acetic acid
Progress: I took 3 leaves of red cabbage, put it in a pan with water and put it on the fire. When the water in the pan began to boil, the water began to change color. At first it turned light blue, then the water became greenish, and whitish spots appeared on the leaves. I decided to cook the leaves longer, after 20 minutes they became dark green, and the water took on a dirty red hue. I poured the water into a glass, dropped a few drops of 70% acetic acid, and the water turned bright red.
Conclusion: This experience proves that plant leaves contain a pigment - anthocyanin, which gives the water a red color.
(Appendix No. 2)
General results of studying leaves for the release of pigments:
| experiments | carrying out | results | conclusion |
| Experience No. 1 with lilac leaves | lilac leaf dipped in alcohol solution | the alcohol turned light green | chlorophyll dissolves in alcohol |
| Experience No. 2 with lilac leaves | the flask with alcohol was heated in a water bath | the alcohol has acquired an emerald green color | chlorophyll when heated dissolves faster in alcohol |
| Experience No. 3 | cabbage leaves were boiled in water, 9% acetic acid was added | the water turned red pink color | Anthocyanin was released from cabbage leaves |
| Experience No. 4 with red cabbage leaves | cabbage leaves were boiled in water, the water was poured into a glass, 70% vinegar was added | the water turned bright red | anthocyanin was released from cabbage leaves; the stronger the acid solution, the brighter the color |
Conclusions from the study:
Having studied the literature on the topic, I learned that leaf fall is a natural
falling leaves of trees and shrubs associated with preparation for winter.
2. Conducted observations of the color of leaves of trees and shrubs in autumn and
I saw that the leaves were colored differently.
3. After conducting experiments, I learned that the change in leaf color depends on
what pigment, besides chlorophyll, is in the leaf.
4. I found out that trees and shrubs shed their leaves to survive in
My FIRST HYPOTHESIS, that the trees get sick in the fall and therefore change the color of the leaves, was not confirmed. But I realized that the autumn color of leaves depends on what pigment, besides chlorophyll, is in the leaves.
My SECOND HYPOTHESIS, that the leaves are afraid of the cold and therefore fly away in the fall, was also not confirmed. But I learned that trees and shrubs benefit from losing their leaves in order to survive the cold winter. The color of the leaves depends on the presence of one or another pigment, the content of which depends on the length of daylight hours.
Bibliography
Pleshakov A. A., From earth to sky. Atlas-determinant [text]/
M.: Education, - 1998.- 84-91 p.
Dietrich A., Yurmin. G., Why. Children's Encyclopedia [text]/
M.: Pedagogy-press, - 1993. – 182-184 p.
Children's encyclopedia. Forest [text]/ - 2003 - No. 8. – 24-40 p.
Graubin G., Why leaves fall in autumn [text] / M.: Malysh, - 1985. -
Kurkova S. SM, Sidorenko V. N. The world around us [text]/ M.:
Parity, - 2004. – 27-28 p., 128-129 p.
Kozhevnikov A.V., Spring and autumn in the life of plants [text]/ M.: Vlados, -1983. – 57-59 p.
7. Children's encyclopedia. The World of Forest [text]/ M.: Makhaon, 2008. 44-45 p.
8. Internet sites: www. mne-interesno.su/library/articles/28.xhtml
http://www.countrysideliving.net/ART_Aut
slovari.yandex.ru
Material from Wikipedia - free
encyclopedias
Appendix No. 1
EXPERIENCE No. 1 and No. 2 Isolation of chlorophyll from lilac leaves
Fig.1 Fig.2
Appendix No. 2
EXPERIENCE 3 Isolation of anthocyanin from red cabbage leaves
Fig.1 Fig.2
Fig.3 Fig.4
Fig.5
EXPERIENCE No. 4 Isolation of anthocyanin from red cabbage leaves
Fig.1 Fig.2
Fig.4
1 slovari.yandex.ru
2 Material from Wikipedia - the free encyclopedia
3 Photosynthesis- the process of education in green leaves nutrients in the light.
4 Pigments – organic compounds, which are present in plant cells and color them.
5 www.mne-interesno.su/library/articles/28.xhtml
Sections: Primary School
“Tell me and I’ll forget,
Show me and I will remember
Let me touch it and I’ll understand.”
Chinese proverb
Subject: Creative project. Seasonal changes in nature: autumn phenomena.
Target: formation of cognitive processes in lessons of the surrounding world and ecological culture of the personality of a junior schoolchild;
Children's project goal: collect as many facts as possible confirming the onset of autumn.
Tasks:
- contribute to the formation of ideas about autumn and seasonal changes;
- contribute to the formation of the ability to perceive the world alive, feel his beauty and defenselessness, empathize and sympathize with him;
- contribute to the formation of the ability to participate in a conversation, engage in search work, and construct statements;
- to contribute to the education of a young friend of nature in the Tisul region.
Equipment:
- For the teacher:
- record player;
- audio recording of P.I. Tchaikovsky’s play “October”;
- reproductions of paintings by I. Levitan " Golden autumn»;
- I.S. Ostroukhov “Golden Autumn”;
- I.E.Grabar “Rowan”;
- audio recording “Forest ABC”.
- For students:
- photographs, illustrations about autumn;
- cut-out pictures depicting living and inanimate nature;
- cards with folk signs and riddles;
- watercolor, landscape sheets of blank paper;
- books about autumn;
- observation diary.
Lesson problem: reveal the secrets of autumn.
DURING THE CLASSES
I. Organizational moment
II. Setting the topic and objectives of the lesson
Stage 1
The audio recording “Forest ABC” is played. “Suddenly” the postman brings a letter.
Where: Uryupinskaya average comprehensive school.
To whom: 2nd grade students
Return address: Hare glade in the forest.
Hello, dear second graders!
Yesterday a meeting of hares took place in the Hare Glade. We wanted to make a decision: is it time for us to change our gray fur coats to white ones? It turned out that one half of the clearing thought it was time, while the other hares said it was too early. Some shouted that the grass was still green, while others shouted that the sky was still gray. Some said that autumn had already arrived and winter would soon begin, while others thought that autumn was just about to arrive in our area.
We don't know what to do. Tell us please. After all, you are studying at school, and you will probably be able to determine whether autumn has come? They say that she is coming to us through your village. Tell us how far away she is when she is in the forest?
Only the Hare Glade meeting asks for convincing evidence! After all, changing coats is a very difficult task for hares!
Hope for your help!
Hare meeting.
Forest Glade.
– What do you guys think, has autumn come?
– So, our goal is to find out if autumn has come?
- What do I need to do?
Problem: Uncover the secrets of autumn.
III. Formation of knowledge, skills, abilities
– Who wants to take a trip to the forest of wonders?
– And there are many secrets in the forest, and for this we need to be divided into teams.
Game "Friendly guys"
There are four Pythagoras sets available. You need to assemble pictures from individual parts. Guess the riddles, draw the answers, come up with a team name and put it in the chest of folk wisdom.
(“Plants”, “Animals”, “Health”, “Weather”).
Riddles on the theme "Plants"
I lost my dress
The buttons remain. (Rowan)Nobody scares
And she's trembling all over. (Aspen)They fled at the edge of the forest
Girlfriends in white dresses. (Birches)
Riddles on the theme “Animals”
A rope stretched across the sky. (Crane)
Not a bird, but with wings. (Butterfly)
In the fall he will climb into the crack,
And in the spring he will wake up. (Fly)
Riddles on the theme "Weather"
Largely, fractionally frequented,
He watered the whole earth. (Rain)Little blue fur coat
Covered the whole world. (Sky)The pike waved its tail
The forest was bent. (Wind)
Riddles on the theme “Health”
It looks like a wedge. If you unfold it, damn it. (Umbrella)
I'm sitting on horseback
I don't know who
I'll meet an acquaintance -
I'll jump off and pick you up. (A cap)On one side there is a forest,
And on the other - a field. (Fur coat, coat)
"Welcome, autumn!"
Assignment to the teams: write a letter to the hares.
The music of P.I. Tchaikovsky “October” is playing.
When you walk along a forest path,
Questions overtake you in a crowd.
One “why” rushes between the trees,
Flying on the heels of an unknown bird.
Another - a bee climbed onto a flower,
And the third is to jump into a stream like a frog.
“What” sneaks like a mouse under the leaves in holes,
“Who” is looking for a hidden rustle in the bushes,
“Why” sits on a green leaf,
“Where did it fly riding on a beetle,
“Why” climbed onto a stump after the lizard...
Question after question, and so on - all day long.
Let's go, my friend, along the path in a crowd
Look for answers under the autumn tent.
Working with the weather calendar
Stage 2
Stop "Autumn"
Reading poems about autumn that contain signs. These are signs of living or inanimate nature. We need to highlight them.
WEATHER
The sky was already breathing in autumn,
The sun shone less often,
The day was getting shorter
Mysterious forest canopy
With a sad noise she stripped herself,
Fog was falling on the fields...
PLANTS
Autumn! Our whole poor garden is crumbling,
Yellowed leaves are flying in the wind;
They only show off in the distance, there at the bottom of the valleys,
Brushes of bright red withering rowan trees...
ANIMALS
Packed up and flew
Ducks for a long journey.
Under the roots of an old spruce
A bear is making a den.
Wolves prowl in the dark night
For prey in the forests.
Between the bushes to the sleepy grouse
A fox sneaks in.
The nutcracker hides for the winter
The old moss nuts cleverly.
Wood grouse pinch the needles.
They came to us for the winter
Northerners are bullfinches.
HEALTH
Why are there puddles everywhere?
Mom takes her umbrella.
Why? Why?
Because it's raining.
Physical pause
"Pock"
There is a rowan tree on the hill,
Keeps your back straight and level.
(Stretching - arms up)
It’s not easy for her to live in the world -
The wind turns, the wind turns.
(Rotation of the body to the right to the left.)
But the mountain ash only bends,
He is not sad - he laughs.
(Tilts to the side.)
The free wind blows menacingly
For a young mountain ash.
(Children wave their hands, imitating the wind.
Artists' Stop "Magic Letter"
We don't need ink on this letter!
Bright colors
With a brush in hand
We will write in this language:
Leaves on the tree -
With variegated paint,
Orange paint -
Autumn sun,
Blue paint -
Transparent sky
Birds and animals
Let's leave it colorful -
We'll make a whole story out of paints!
This story is ours -
About autumn, about the forest -
Children will read
In every class.
He will touch the soul
Any nation:
Paints
Not required
Translation!
Artists must perform exercise– color the given picture so that it corresponds to the autumn season. The drawing can be supplemented with some details at the discretion of the artists.
Stop “Piggy Bank of Folk Wisdom” – experts folk signs, proverbs.
WEATHER
If the wind is north - cold, south - warm.
Red sunset - towards the wind.
Thunder in September foreshadows a warm and long autumn.
HEALTH
Don’t be afraid of the cold, wash yourself up to your waist.
A river begins with a stream, and sport begins with health.
Any matter can be fixed if a person is healthy.
PLANTS
There are a lot of rowan trees in the forest - autumn will be rainy, few berries - dry.
If the leaves fall soon, we should expect a warm winter.
Aspen leaves lie on the ground “face up” - towards the cold winter.
ANIMALS
Large ant heaps in the fall - for a harsh winter.
It will be a severe winter if the birds take flight together.
The abundance of autumn shades in the forest is for clear weather.
Stop “Autumn Melody”- singing songs about autumn.
"Autumn"
Music by M. Krasev, lyrics by M. Evensen (“Weather”)
Leaves are falling, falling,
It's leaf fall in our garden.
Yellow, red leaves
They curl and fly in the wind.Birds fly south
Geese, rooks, cranes...
This is the last flock
Flapping its wings in the distance.Let's take each basket in our hands,
Let's go to the forest to pick mushrooms.
The stumps and paths smell
Delicious autumn fungus.
"Skvorushka says goodbye"
Music by T. Potapenko, lyrics by M. Evensen (“Animals”)
Autumn is a bad weather.
The poplar has turned yellow.
Suddenly there is a squirrel on a branch
Sang a song.Chorus:
The branch sways a little,
The rain doesn't stop
The old skvorushka is with us
Says goodbye until spring.Let's go on a long journey
The skvorushka should fly.
Farewell song
How can he not sing?Chorus:
Where are you, the spring sun,
Clear skies?
Above the empty birdhouse
Skvorushka sings.Chorus.
"Zverobika"("Health)
The cat sat on the window
And she began to wash her ears with her paw.
Watch her a little
And repeat all the movements.
!,2,3 – come on, repeat it,
3,4,5 – repeat again (2 times)
Very good!
“There was a birch tree in the field”
Russian folk song (“Plants”)
There was a birch tree in the field,
There was a curly girl standing in the field.
Liu-li, liu-li, stood,
Liu-li, liu-li, stoodSomeone to break a birch tree,
There is no one to wrangle the curly hair.
Liu-li, liu-li, stood,
Liu-li, liu-li, stood.
Stop “Visiting the Birds”
Stop "Listopad"
Collection autumn leaves. (Draw and cut out autumn leaves on colored paper).
At the end of the trip, the children make out a newspaper with drawings and stories about what they saw along the route. Each team prepares its own message.
IV. Lesson summary
Stage 3.
Summarizing
- Defense of the project “Secrets of Autumn” (drawings, poems, stories);
- Compiling a text for a letter from Zayaya Polyana;
- Reflection “Magic Tree”.
- Identifying the most friendly, savvy. Presentation of texts of songs about the forest.
- Singing a song about rain. Music by Y. Entin (From the TV movie “Dunno from Our Backyard”)
Project on the topic: “Autumn is a wonderful time” Objectives of the project work: Prepared and conducted by: Karaseva T.V. biology teacher of the first category Develop the ability to independently find the necessary information on a given topic and compose mini reports; to develop interest in the book as a source of knowledge; development of students' creative abilities; realizing the creative potential of students; formation of a sense of beauty; developing the ability to work in a team, interact, and find solutions in non-standard situations. Objectives: (slide 3) expand and enrich children’s ideas, systematize and deepen their knowledge about seasonal changes in nature in the autumn (preparing trees, animals and birds for winter), about the “gifts of autumn” (vegetables, mushrooms, berries), about people's work in the autumn; promote the development of cognitive activity, thinking, imagination, fantasy, creativity and communication skills; consolidate students’ knowledge about preparing animals for winter and the flight of birds. to cultivate in students the ability to admire autumn nature and feel its beauty; cultivate a caring attitude towards nature, birds and animals, a desire to take care of them. Organization of activities: Individual, group, frontal activities The project consists of 5 mini-projects 1. “Periods of autumn. Trees in autumn": 5th grade (newspaper) proverbs and sayings riddles about autumn seasonal changes in plant life 2. "Vegetables. The work of people in the fields and gardens": 6th grade (newspaper) riddles where they grow (the work of adults in the fields and gardens) poems about vegetables, the meaning in human life (imagine a basket of vegetables: "Autumn Basket")
3. “Autumn is rich in vitamins” 9th grade (newspaper) what are vitamins poems about vitamins riddles skit “Vitamins are arguing” (in conclusion) 4. “Late autumn. Mushroom kingdom" 7th grade (newspaper) installation of mushrooms, varieties of mushrooms (edible, inedible, summer, autumn) where they grow, mushrooms of our area quiz questions 5. "Wild animals and their young. Preparing animals for winter” 8th grade (newspaper) riddles habitat and lifestyle, how to prepare for winter, which fairy tales appear in them (quiz) Presenter: Good afternoon, teachers and students. We are pleased to welcome you in this warm and bright room (slide 1) Poems are read by students of the 8th grade. As part of the biology week, students of each class, together with the class teacher, prepared a mini-project on their topic to defend the “Autumn” project. After all, it is the science of natural history that gives ideas about living nature: about plants, about the animal world, about birds, about the trees and fruits of our Urals - all this is closely connected with autumn and the changes that occur at this time of year. Every day the weather changes, A leaf flies into the palm of your hand, yellow and red. Well, friends, another time of year... Goodbye summer, autumn, hello! How we want to return to summer, See the blue sky through the rains. Only the wind drives the leaves of the birds... Goodbye, summer, hello, autumn! Although it’s sad to part with summer, (slide 5) Smiling, we ask it to remain as the warm sun in our hearts. Goodbye summer, hello autumn! "It's a sad time! Ouch charm! (slide 6) Your farewell beauty is pleasant to me.
I love the lush decay of nature, the forests dressed in crimson gold. Who doesn’t remember these Pushkin lines by heart from school? Poets of all times and peoples never tire of singing Autumn in their poems. Autumn is a wonderful time of year. After all, only in autumn can you enjoy the bright multi-colored colors of leaves (slide 7, 8). Only autumn gives us unforgettable leaf fall in windy weather. The beautiful autumn has painted everything around: red, burgundy, crimson colors! We couldn’t pass by all this splendor and dedicated ours to her. creative project: “Autumn is a wonderful time” (slide 9) the purpose of which is (slide 2), the tasks are presented on (slide 3) Presenter: The floor for defending a mini project is given to grades 5a and 5b (slide 10) The floor for defending a mini project is given to sixth grades ( slide 11) The floor for defending a mini project is given to seventh grades (slide 12) The floor for defending a mini project is given to eighth grades (slide 13) The floor for defending a mini project is given to ninth grades (slide 14) Summing up: At the end of the event, I would like to say a huge thank you to everyone for informative and creative reports, for the knowledge that you acquired while defending mini projects and end with verses: “Study the science of biology” And love all living things around”
Project "Autumn"
|
Educational areas of the program |
Types of children's activities. |
|
Cognition |
Conversations about autumn. (Annex 1)D\i “Moms and Babies”, “When It Happens”,Comparison tasks. (Appendix 2)Description of nature in September - October - November.Cycle of observations “Studying the life of nature in autumn.” (Appendix 3)Compilation of the album "Seasons".FEMP exercises “Count the leaves”, p\i “Rain clouds. |
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Communication |
Creative storytelling for children on the topic “We walked on the site.”Examination of plot paintings.Compiling descriptive stories using diagrams: “Vegetables and fruits.” “Seasons”, “Which tree does the leaf come from”.Games “Find the mistake”, “Choose the word”, “Name it affectionately”, “Say it correctly”.Set of exercises: “Trees”Conversation on questions about the season - autumn |
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Reading fiction |
Proverbs, riddles, sayings, nursery rhymes.Reading and memorizing poems about autumn.Reading the poem “Vegetables” by Y. Tuvim.Reading the fairy tale “Autumn is on the Doorstep” by N. Sladkov,“How birds and animals prepare for winter” G. Snigerev. |
Application “Apples have ripened in the garden”, “Birds on a branch”, “Let’s treat the bunny with a carrot”;Construction from natural materials “Mushroom”;Drawing “Gloomy Autumn”, “Golden Autumn”, “Who Lives in the Autumn Forest”,Application “Gifts of Autumn”Drawing “Golden Autumn”Creating a collage of autumn leaves.Drawing of a spider and rowan branches. |
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Socialization |
Plot-role-playing game “Gregetable shop”.Games - dramatizations based on the works "Turnip".Game “What autumn brought us.”D\i “Wonderful bag”,“What grows in the garden?”"Vegetables and fruits".P\i "Find a tree"“Fly, leaf, to my box.” |
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Work |
“Gifts of Autumn” - collecting natural materials while walking. |
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Music |
Listening to: I. P. Tchaikovsky “The Seasons”Learning songs about autumnEntertainment “The Adventure of the Fly Agaric”Psychological sketches “Dance of autumn leaves”, “Dragonfly froze”, “First hare”. |
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Health Safety |
Thematic morning exercises “Morning in the autumn forest”, “In the autumn meadow”Jumping on two legs from hoop to hoop. Rolling a ball between objects.Jumping over short cords (6-8 pieces).Game task “Jump over the stream.”Game task “Run across the bridge.”Jumping on two legs from hoop to hoopHealth: teach to cover your mouth with a tissue when coughing and contact an adult if you are sick.Safety: teach to follow safety rules while walking in the autumn forest, park...Viewing and reading literature “How to behave in the forest, in the park” |
Annex 1
Conversations. Getting to know the signs of autumn.
October 1-2 weeks
- Reading a poem
September October November
With rain and falling leaves,
And the birds fly away
And the children need to go to school
- Getting to know the signs of early autumn.
Adult: What time of year is it now? What about a month? (September). September is the first autumn month. It's early autumn now. It is hot outside? The sun is shining? The wind blows? What color are the leaves on the trees? Is the grass dry or still green? Are the flowers blooming? How are people dressed?
In early autumn it gets a little colder, but still warm. The sun shines brightly. It rarely rains. The leaves begin to change color. Flowers are still blooming in gardens and parks. Vegetables and fruits are harvested in the fields and gardens. Mushrooms are collected in the forest. Migratory birds gather in flocks and prepare to fly south.
October 2-3 week
- Reading of A. Pleshcheev’s poem “Autumn.” (Learn)
Why are you visiting early?
Has autumn come to us?
The heart still asks
Light and warmth.
2. Signs of "Golden Autumn".
Children look at a picture depicting an autumn landscape and answer the questions: - What time of year is shown in the picture? What autumn month? Why do you think so
Is the weather warm or cold? Why do you think so? What clothes do people wear? Where do you find it!
People? What are they doing? What color are the leaves in October? Does it often rain in October? What sky? How does the sun shine? Are there many fruits and vegetables in October? Why are there so many leaves on the ground?
What is the name of the natural phenomenon when leaves fall? What do birds do in October?
October 3-4 weeks
- Reading a poem (Learn)
Boring picture!
Endless clouds
the rain is pouring down,
Puddles by the porch.
- Description of late autumn
Adult: It gets cold in late autumn. The sun shines rarely and is warm. The sky is gray and gloomy. Cold drizzling rains often occur. The trees are shedding their last leaves. The grass has dried up, the flowers have withered. The last birds fly south. Animals are preparing for winter. People put on warm clothes.
Appendix 2
Comparison tasks
- Repetition of the poem.
September October November
With rain and falling leaves.
And the birds fly away
And the children need to go to school.
2. INpolls:
What is the name of the first autumn month? - And second?
And the third month of autumn. What is it called?
Is it warm or cold outside?
Does the sun shine often?
Does it rain often?
Are the rains warm or cold?
Is the grass growing or drying up?
What happens to the leaves on the trees?
What kind of clothes do people wear?
3. Complete the sentences:
It was warm in the summer, but now... (Cold).
In September the leaves begin to fall, but now... (fell).
In September the birds began to fly away, and now... (everyone flew away).
In September the sun was a little warm, but now... (not warm).
In September it rained rarely, but now... (often).
4. Compare autumn with summer. Say it the other way around:
In summer the sun is bright, and in autumn... In summer the sky is bright, and... In summer, the days are long, and... In summer, the trees are green, and... In summer, people dress lightly, and... In summer, collective farmers grow crops, and... .
5 Find errors:
In autumn, children wear light clothes.
In autumn, the buds swell and the leaves bloom.
In autumn the sun is very hot.
In autumn there are frosts and snow.
In autumn, birds fly from warm regions.
6. Description of late autumn.
Adult: It gets cold in late autumn. The sun rarely shines and does not warm. The sky is gray and gloomy. Cold drizzling rains often occur. The trees are shedding their last leaves. The grass has dried up, the flowers have withered. The last birds fly south. Animals are preparing for winter. People put on warm clothes
Children use the model to describe autumn.
7. Memorizing a poem.
Boring picture!
Endless clouds
The rain keeps pouring down
Puddles by the porch.
Appendix 3
A series of observations “Studying the life of nature in autumn.”
"The wind blew"
Target:
. Clarifying children's ideas about autumn based on the essential signs of autumn: cold wind.
. Forming children's interest in independent observation of inanimate natural phenomena.
. Activating children's vocabulary: wind.
Equipment: pictures depicting autumn, or objects of wildlife (autumn park, autumn forest)
Progress of observation.
- Compare two pictures:
What is the difference?
-Why are the branches of the tree tilted?
- How to determine the presence of wind? (Children watch the movement of plumes and pinwheels).
The wind blows, flutters the flag, rustles the plumes, turns the turntable.
-Does the wind blow high in the sky? (children watch the rapid movement of clouds)
-What makes the clouds rush?
- What's the weather like? Is it windy?
Reading:
The wind blew
A strong wind slammed the door
The wind is loud, the wind is strong,
He tears leaves from the trees,
He carries dust into the garden.
The tree is knocking on the window
Anything can happen.
S. Egorov
-Is the autumn wind similar to the summer wind: kind, gentle, warm?
What is the autumn wind like?
Windy, windy
The whole earth has been ventilated!
I. Tokmakova
Autumn has come - the leaves have turned yellow"
Target:
. Forming children's ideas about seasonal changes in nature: changing the color of leaves as autumn has arrived.
. Development of attention.
. Activation of vocabulary: leaves are yellow, red, green.
Equipment: picture of trees, or wildlife objects (trees, bushes...)
Progress of observation.
Children watch the maple tree.
- Let's admire our tree. It is alive, growing, breathing, eating.
An adult retells to the children an excerpt from the story “The Last Leaf” by P. Molchanov.
... And suddenly the maple felt that it became cool. He shivered. The leaves rustled. And in the evening he felt colder. The wind rolled in waves from all sides. The tree could not sleep. And in the morning, as soon as dawn broke, it felt that it was burning.
A hedgehog ran past. He stopped and was surprised:
- Wonderful! And who repainted the tree yellow?...
She flew past the magpie and began chattering;
- Where does such a bright tree come from?
And it’s true! All the leaves turned bright yellow overnight. They rustle in the wind and whisper.
And then the young maple realized:
It's autumn.
Admire the autumn yellow leaves. They flash among the green foliage.
Guess the riddle:
Gold coins hang on a branch.
(autumn leaves)
In autumn it gets cold. People dress in warm clothes, animals grow warm undercoat, and leaves on trees and bushes turn yellow from the cold.
Let's look at the birch tree; rowan, poplar. (Children compare the color of leaves of different trees and shrubs).
"Fog from the water"
Target:
. Introducing children to an autumn phenomenon: fog.
. Forming children's interest in independent observation.
. Activating children's vocabulary: autumn, cold, fog.
Equipment: toy raven, basin with hot, warm water.
Progress of observation.
The teacher invites the children to admire the fog:
- It's fog.
- What is he like?
- Touch the fog with your hand, wave your hands in front of you, you can’t dispel it, you can’t catch it with your hands. Look at the houses, at the trees. Tell us what you see and what you don't see.
The branches have darkened
Fog from the water
The wind drives the clouds
From cold countries.
V. Stepanov
A wise bird, a raven, sits on the branches of a birch tree. Let's go to him and he will tell us about the fog.
Children go to the birch tree. The bird asks the children to talk about the weather: whether it is warm or cold, whether there is wind, what time of year it is.
The Raven's Tale of the Fog:
Autumn. The sun shines little and it's cold. At night the grass and leaves froze. The air is cold. And in the river, streams, swamps, ravines there is water, it is warmer than the air. Steam rising from the water is fog. It is heavy, spreads along the ground, crawls. The fog is white and thick. Morning has come, look, everything is white.
- Guys, you can tell by the fog what day it will be - cloudy or clear.
If the fog rises to the sky in the morning, it will be cloudy.
If the fog presses to the ground, wait for the sun.
Raven: Today it will be clear.
(Children watch the fog dissolve).
Autumn
Autumn in white mists
The garden buries in the morning.
No paths, no clearings -
We can't see anything.
In vain, somewhere from the roof
The rooster crows:
Autumn doesn’t seem to hear
And the fog seems deaf!
Barks in vain in the booth
Angry Brawler
And autumn doesn’t blow its whistle,
And fog, just like there is fog!
But only the sun is sharp, bright
The first to fire a beam -
Autumn to the river, old willows
Comes up sideways.
And the white fog lifts -
Canvas by canvas:
The garden is washed, fresh, whole
We see outside the window again!
E. Gorodetsky
Experiment: Raven told us that fog rises from the water on a cold day. Let's make the fog ourselves. (The pelvis is exposed with hot water. Children watch steam rising from the water.)
- What did we get? Fog! It swirls, rises above the water and spreads out, spreading to the sides.
“Where is the sun?”
Target:
. Formation of children's ideas about autumn changes in inanimate nature (the sun does not shine brightly, is dim, does not warm much, is cold).
. Development of attention and speech.
. Activation of children's vocabulary: sun, cold.
Equipment: toy - hare.
Progress of observation.
A hare comes to visit the children; he hasn’t walked with them for a long time, so he asks them to tell them what has changed.
Adult: I will tell you, and you guys show the bunny the autumn changes.
Autumn
Autumn has come
The flowers have dried up,
And they look sad
Bare bushes.
Withers and turns yellow
Grass in the meadows
It's just turning green
Winter in the fields.
A cloud covers the sky
The sun doesn't shine
The wind howls in the field
The rain is drizzling.
A. Pleshcheev
What is the weather like in autumn: cold or warm?
- When is it warm?
- Look at the sky? Is there sun?
- Stretch out your palms: are you warm?
The sun does not shine, it is not bright.
Let's look at the shadow of the birch - it is pale, gray, fuzzy lines, blurry outlines. This is because the sun is far away, not bright, and shines little.
- Let’s find out if the sun is warm?
Rubber balls, wet with water, are taken out for walks. If the sun is hot, it will dry the balls with its rays. (After a certain period of time, children note that the sun has not heated the surface of the balls, they are wet).
Look around, there are puddles on the paths, the ground is wet, there is a lot of dirt. This autumn sun does not warm or dry out the paths and soil.
on the topic of:
"Plant Life in Autumn"
Project manager: Gulnaz Ildarovna Kalieva, teacher at Krasnoyarsk Secondary School No. 1
Plant life in autumn
Leaf fall is a unique phenomenon
Autumn in literature and painting
Exhibition of children's creative works
Project results
Project characteristics: short-term, interdisciplinary, with creative works children
Project goals:
- study the signs of autumn;
-give a concept natural phenomenon"leaf fall";
-get acquainted with works of art about autumn;
-to arrange a children's drawing exhibition on the theme: “Lady Autumn”;
- Hold a competition of riddles about autumn.
Brief summary of the project: the project expands children's knowledge about autumn, instills a love for native nature, teaches you to admire the artistic word and colors of autumn.
Fundamental question: Why do we love autumn?
Study questions:
-What is interesting about plant life in autumn?
- Why is leaf fall a unique natural phenomenon?
- Why is autumn the favorite season of poets and artists?
- What feelings can children's drawings express?
- What interesting autumn facts have we come across in nature?
- What flowers decorate autumn beds?
- Why do we love autumn?
- Plants are preparing for winter.
- In autumn, plant buds finally form.
- Many plants accumulate reserves of nutrients.
- Perennial herbs accumulate reserves in rhizomes, tubers, and bulbs.
- The main sign of autumn in our area is leaf fall.
- A lush carpet of fallen leaves is important for forest plants and animals.
- Fallen leaves form a litter that covers the soil and protects it from freezing.
Plant life in autumn
In most woody plants, the transition to a dormant state is expressed by autumn leaf fall, which is preceded by autumn leaf color. Birch leaves turn light yellow; rowan - crimson red; aspen - orange; alder - a cloudy brown-green hue. Autumn change spreads to shrubs, grasses and conifer tree larch. Leaf fall is called a unique phenomenon of autumn.
Riddles about autumn
In the morning we go to the yard -
Red Egorka
Fell on the lake
Leaves are falling like rain,
They rustle underfoot
I didn't drown myself
And they fly, fly, fly... (Oh...)
And he didn’t stir up the water.
(Oh...leaf)
Yellow leaves are flying,
Came without paints and without a brush
They fall, they spin,
And under your feet just like that
And repainted all the leaves.
How they lay a carpet!
What is this yellow snowfall?
It's just... (L...)
Guess what!
The forest is like a painted tower,
Lilac, gold, crimson
A cheerful, motley wall
Standing above a bright clearing.
(Ivan B...)
It's a sad time! Ouch charm! Your farewell beauty is pleasant to me - I love the lush decay of nature, the forests dressed in crimson and gold, in their canopies the sound of the wind and fresh breath, and the skies are covered with wavy darkness, and the rare ray of sun, and the first frosts, and the distant threats of gray winter.
Autumn is a “sad time...”, the favorite time of year for poets, philosophers, romantics and melancholics. Poems about autumn will “swirl” with words-winds, “drizzle” with stanzas-rains, “are dazzling” with epithets-leaves... Feel the breath of autumn in autumn poems for children and adults.
Poems by poets about autumn
Leaf fall, leaf fall, The whole team rushed into the garden, Shurochka came running.
Autumn looked into the garden - The birds flew away. Yellow snowstorms rustle outside the window in the morning. The first ice underfoot is crumbling and breaking. The sparrow in the garden will sigh, But he’s embarrassed to sing.
The leaves (can you hear?) rustle: Shurochka, Shurochka...
A shower of lacy leaves rustles about her alone: Shurochka, Shurochka...
(Agniya B...)
Bright colors of autumn (Competition “My Autumn Garden”)
Our creativity Exhibition “Lady Autumn”
Project results
Autumn is the brightest time of the year and, despite the approaching cold weather, garden plots often decorated not only with an abundance of colors from fallen leaves, but also flowers. They often bloom until frost. It depends on the climate. Leaf fall is a unique natural phenomenon. We love autumn for the abundance of vegetables, bright colors and poetic lines.
