The dining table is an important piece of furniture for any home. Behind it you will gather guests and all household members. Therefore, you need to approach the choice carefully.
Types of dining tables
Conditionally classified according to several parameters.
By resizing:
- folding;
- not folding.
The first type is designed in such a way that, if necessary, it is possible to change the size of the working surface. The second type is with a solid tabletop. To the group folding tables This also includes transformers that turn from magazine-style to dining-room.
They are popular with owners small apartments. They are also preferred for use in offices with a small staff.
By geometric shape:
- round;
- square;
- rectangular;
- oval;
- non-standard type, made to order.
According to the materials used:
- wooden;
- glass;
- laminated chipboard;
- plastic;
- rattan;
- stone;
- ceramics.
Such a variety of materials complicates the task for the buyer. When purchasing, both the interior design and the conditions in which it is intended to be used are taken into account.
This can be furniture for use indoors or outdoors, for every day or only for special occasions.
Types of dining tables
If non-folding furniture has a constant size, then products with the possibility of increasing the tabletop have the following options transformations:
- book;
- sliding;
- with retractable sections;
- transformer.
The first two are familiar to buyers. Classic book and sliding with inserts. The “book” when folded is used as a stand. If necessary, one or both folded parts are lifted and placed on retractable supports.
The sliding version can be round, oval or rectangular shape. The symmetrical halves move apart and additional inserts located under the tabletop are installed between them, increasing the working surface.
The number of inserts, depending on the model, varies from 1 to 4. The standard package includes additional sections with a width of 35–45 cm in the amount of one or two pieces.
Another type of transformation of furniture for dining areas is additional sections that extend from the end part. The mechanism is used on wooden and glass objects furniture. Sections are provided on one or both sides of the product.
A coffee table that turns into a dining table is a solution for small apartments and offices.
Its base is made of metal with the ability to adjust the height, or from chipboard, MDF, wood. In the first case, the supports are arranged crosswise, like ironing board. If necessary, the tabletop rotates 90 degrees and unfolds. This doubles the surface area.
In the second, from under the tabletop, which subsequently doubles in size, an additional support extends and rises.
Both versions of transformers are produced mainly with wheels for the ability to easily move this structure.
Materials
Made from a variety of materials.
Under the concept wooden furniture dining groups with tabletops from:
- plywood;
- array.
Tables made of plywood and MDF are decorated with natural veneer or painted. The most commonly used veneers are cherry, cherry, hevea, and oak. Standard thickness table tops are 25–35 cm.
Solid wood products due to availability alternative materials, such as MDF, are not produced in large quantities. They are often made to order. For production they use solid oak, pine, larch.
Dining tables made of pine and larch are intended for use on outdoors, since they are not exposed to changes in temperature and humidity.
Glass tables are made of tempered glass or triplex glass. The thickness of the glass should not be less than 1 cm. Strained glass obtained by heating to high temperatures followed by slow cooling.
This material is durable: it is not afraid of impacts and can withstand heavy weight. But it still breaks if you drop a heavy object on the tabletop from a height of more than a meter. In this case, the glass breaks into small rounded fragments.
The fragments do not scatter over long distances, unlike non-tempered glass, and do not pose a danger to others, thanks to the rounded edges.
Triplex - glass sheets glued together using resin.
This type of glass is more expensive than tempered glass. Even with strong impacts, it does not break, but becomes covered with cracks. But due to the difficulties associated with processing the edges of triplex, it is used less often than tempered glass.
Products from artificial stone have a non-folding monolithic work surface.
For their manufacture use:
- acrylic polymer;
- quartz agglomerate.
They are durable and resistant to mechanical stress. Manufacturers of artificial stone furniture provide customers with the opportunity to choose a design and place an order according to the color of the artificial stone kitchen counter.
Plastic coated molds are suitable for interior decoration in modern style. They are lightweight compared to products made from other materials. Plastic coating does not require the use of special surface care products.
Dining tables with application natural stone are made from:
- marble;
- granite
Such surfaces do not absorb foreign odors and are little susceptible to mechanical and chemical attack.
The standard height from the floor to the top surface of the tabletop is 75 cm. It is considered comfortable for seating. But, taking into account the individual characteristics and wishes of customers, some manufacturers produce furniture with a height of 70 and 85 cm.
Furniture supports can be of several types:
- four standard supports made of wood or metal;
- one support in the center. She is massive in appearance. She bears the entire burden. Such supports are used in the manufacture of small-sized tables with a diameter or length, depending on the geometry of the tabletop, no more than 1.2 meters;
- two or three supports located perpendicular to the length of the tabletop. Such supports allow you to comfortably sit during a meal with a surface length of over 1.2 m.
Inserts of folding products are placed under the tabletop when folded. If the number of additional inserts is more than two, then they cannot be stacked in this way and require extra space. Such furniture forms are rare.
Some models are equipped with side drawers for storing equipment.
Chairs should be selected according to appearance furniture. On small kitchens It is more convenient to use stools. When using a tablecloth, it is matched to the tone of the fabric on the chairs or textiles on the windows.
To prevent damage to the surface when serving, it is recommended to use napkins.
Pros of dining tables
Dining tables made of laminated chipboard have a number of positive properties:
- Availability of the material.
- Easy to care for. Simply wipe with a slightly damp cloth.
- The shapes and sizes of laminated chipboard countertops are varied, so it can easily fit into a room of any size.
Distinctive features of dining tables made of wood and covered with natural veneer:
- Use in kitchens and living rooms due to its appearance.
- Environmental friendliness of materials.
- Safety.
- Durability.
Pros of glass dining tables:
- They don’t look bulky even in a small room.
- They look stylish.
- Suitable for any interior.
- High temperature resistance.
- Can be used in surface care as special means, as well as regular glass cleaners.
- Glass does not absorb odors.
- Acceptable use in conditions high humidity.
- There are no harmful or dangerous substances in the composition.
- Hypoallergenic.
Dining tables with plastic cover:
- Suitable for modern interiors, including high-tech.
- Variety of shapes and sizes.
- Not susceptible to contamination. To maintain cleanliness, simply wipe with a damp cloth.
- Not affected by humidity.
- Withstands high temperatures.
- They are light in weight, so moving them around won't require much effort. One adult can handle this.
- Affordable price.
Dining tables with artificial stone countertops:
- Not affected by fat. Any trapped fat is removed with a damp cloth.
- Possibility to place an order for production of any shape and size.
- The surface without seams looks aesthetically attractive.
Natural stone tables:
- They are not afraid of exposure to temperatures up to 800 C.
- Frost-resistant.
- If necessary, subject to restoration.
- The service life is more than 10 years.
- Do not change appearance under the influence of fat and household chemicals.
Dining table problems
Before purchasing dining furniture made from chipboard, you need to familiarize yourself with the possible problems when using them:
- When used in conditions of high humidity, the tabletop swells and becomes deformed.
- Artificial turf cannot withstand high temperatures. Traces from hot pans remain on the surface.
- Part laminated chipboards contains formaldehyde, which can cause allergic reactions. In some cases, it contributes to the development of cancer.
Furniture made of solid wood and covered with natural veneer:
- If there is insufficient humidity in the room, the wood will dry out. Cracks appear. Unfolding becomes problematic.
- At excess humidity deformation of the wood occurs, which makes further use of the furniture impossible.
- To care for veneered and solid wood furniture, you should not use polishes; this can ruin the appearance of the product.
- Numerous marks and stains remain. Requires thorough cleaning.
- When serving, when dishes and cutlery come into contact with the work surface, loud sounds are heard. So use napkins.
- Glass quickly scratches and loses its original appearance. It is not possible to polish such a surface.
- Despite the apparent external elegance, glass furniture is heavy. Rearrange or move it without outside help Not sure it's going to happen.
- If there are corners at such a table, you need to be careful and careful to avoid injuries.
Artificial stone tables:
- High cost compared to tables made of chipboard, plywood, MDF.
- In order to place hot food on acrylic, you must use a special stand.
- Subject to mechanical damage. Scratches appear that can only be removed with the help of a restorer.
- If quartz agglomerate was used for manufacturing, you can safely put it hot. Such tables are not afraid of scratches. However, it is worth considering that they are more difficult to restore than acrylic tables.
Natural stone tables:
- They are practically unliftable. In order to rearrange the furniture, the efforts of several people will be required.
- Products made of granite and marble create background radiation, so it is better to avoid using them in residential areas.
Fundamental factors when choosing furniture for dining area:
- size;
- form;
- the material from which the furniture is made;
- price.
The choice of size is dictated by:
- the size of the room;
- the number of people who can sit at this table at the same time.
To arrange a dining area in small spaces, it is better to opt for round tables of small diameter or square ones. In this case, glass products look great, visually lightening the space.
In case you need to place large quantity people (during celebrations, for example), it is worth purchasing a folding version of this type of furniture. In a house where there are small children, it is better to avoid sharp corners in the interior. Preference should be given to round and oval shapes.
Massive tables of rectangular or oval shape are appropriate in the dining room. In this case, the choice of material depends only on general interior premises.
The most economical, but not long-lasting options are products made from chipboard, and the most expensive ones are made from natural stone.
If we put aside the issue of cost, then furniture should have the following qualities:
- safety;
- convenience and ease of use;
- reliability;
- ease of care;
- beautiful appearance.
The chosen option should be designed for both everyday use and festive feasts. Therefore, folding models are preferable.
To use in the kitchen you need a table that is easy to clean, easy to move, and safe. Oval, round, rectangular with rounded corners models with plastic coating.
If furniture is installed in the living room, then appearance plays no less important role than the number of seats and safety. In this case it will do wooden table covered with natural veneer or with a tabletop made of painted MDF.
Care
- Avoid mechanical damage that can cause dents and chips on the working surface.
- Do not use products intended for indoor use only outdoors.
- Avoid direct contact sun rays over time to prevent the countertop from fading.
- Do not expose parts made using natural wood materials to excessive moisture.
- Do not use polishes on surfaces made of natural wood, laminate, melamine to avoid the formation of greasy, difficult to remove stains.
- Do not use abrasives, hard brushes, sponges with a rough surface, or metal sponges to clean dirt from the surface of dining room furniture. This leads to damage to the coating.
- It is advisable to avoid direct contact of the working surface with objects whose temperature exceeds 50 C and use stands. This applies to laminated chipboard, natural veneer and wood, varnished and acrylic countertops.
- Polished countertops require regular maintenance using special wipes and polishes.
- Try not to exceed permissible load on a table surface of 50–60 kg. This applies primarily to wooden tables.
- To avoid deformation wooden parts, tables should be at least 1 meter away from appliances that emit heat.
- To avoid loosening of fasteners, they should be tightened once a year.
- Do not use table sets made from wood and varnish near open fire.
- Do not drop sharp objects onto the glass table.
- Do not stand on tables to avoid breakage and falling from a height.
- Keep small children away from installing or removing optional table inserts to avoid injury to them.
- At self-assembly Do not over-tighten fasteners.
- Do not use tables with sharp corners in a home where children live.
- Avoid contact with active chemical liquids (gasoline, acetone, alcohol) on surfaces made of natural wood, glass, plastic and artificial stone.
Malfunctions and repairs
The parts that fail first are:
- countertops;
- legs;
- retractable mechanisms.
Scuffs and scratches on wood or acrylic can be corrected with the help of a restorer. If a piece made of chipboard or glass has become unusable, you will have to replace it or buy new furniture.
You can cover the scratched surface with a tablecloth and it will continue to serve. It’s more difficult when the supports break. If the supports are standard metal, then you can easily buy them in construction stores or organizations specializing in furniture fittings.
Replacement is carried out independently or with the help of professionals. It is more difficult to replace supports if they are not produced in large quantities and are not sold in specialized stores.
Then you should contact the company where the product was purchased with a request for a replacement, if this is a warranty case, or to purchase a new part.
The retractable mechanisms of folding models fail for two reasons:
- they are clogged;
- bent or broken.
In the first case, it is enough to clean the mechanism from accumulated dirt, then lubricate the parts with wax or paraffin. In the second case, replacement of failed guides will be required. They can be replaced either independently or with the help of a specialist.
Dining table manufacturers
The variety of dining furniture is great, so it is not possible to single out a single leader among manufacturers.
Rather, this is a group of countries represented on the furniture market:
- Italy;
- Spain;
- China;
- Russia;
- Malaysia;
- Germany.
Chinese ones are popular among buyers due to their low price compared to products from European manufacturers. Sometimes quality suffers.
Chinese manufacturers skillfully copy new products from the most famous European factories. In pursuit of appearance, buyers forget to consider how long this or that item will last. This does not mean that you should avoid buying furniture accessories made in China.
Many Chinese factories produce durable furniture. Malaysian-made models are also sold at reasonable prices. To avoid making a mistake with your choice, use the available customer reviews posted on the Internet.
Italian factories are opening production facilities in China. At the same time, strict quality control of products is carried out.
German factories offer laconic options with an appropriate level of quality. Only people with above-average income can afford such furniture.
Russian manufacturers are trying to keep up with furniture fashion. Therefore, stores offer models using both wood and glass. Advantage Russian products– fast delivery times compared to imported tables sold to order.
A table is an integral attribute of any interior and is designed to comfortably perform many tasks and place various things. The scope of use of this furniture category is so wide that the products can be installed in premises of any type and visual design. Manufacturers, understanding the functionality and demand for such furniture, offer a choice of big number models with different purposes and design. Modern tables can be classified according to types, sizes, materials and the presence of additional functionality.
What types of tables are there?
First of all, furniture products should be classified according to their purpose. Among the large number of types of tables, the main categories are writing, dining, computer, toilet, coffee, kitchen and transforming. Written models are intended for installation in offices or home libraries. Their feature is a wide and comfortable tabletop, which can be supplemented with drawers for documents and accessories. Most often they are made of natural wood or its analogues.
The advent of home computers has given rise to a new category of furniture: computer desks. Distinctive feature These models are equipped with stands and shelves for convenient placement of various computer equipment. They can have an angular or linear arrangement, and the materials used are mainly various wood boards. Kitchen tables are used in the process of preparing and consuming food, and are distinguished by their simplicity and ease of design. It is important that the countertop of kitchen models has sufficient strength and resistance to moisture.
There are special models for dining rooms and dining rooms that can accommodate a large number of guests at the same time. Their characteristic feature is a large countertop area and strict classic or modern design. In living rooms you can often find low coffee tables, which perfectly complement the used upholstered furniture, and allow you to spend time or receive guests over a cup of tea or coffee. In bedrooms you can most often find dressing tables, the main task of which is to provide comfort when caring for facial skin and applying makeup. Often such products are complemented by a mirror and drawers for cosmetics.
If there is a lack of free space in the apartment, an excellent option would be to use special transforming models. When folded, such structures take up minimal space, but if necessary, they can easily be converted into a full-fledged desk or dining type structure. An important detail When choosing transforming structures, the simplicity and reliability of the transformation mechanism is important.
Wood, wood boards, metal, glass or plastic can be used as materials in the manufacture of tables. The reliability and durability of the product depends not only on the materials, but also on the fasteners used, the quality of assembly and application protective coatings onto the surface of the tabletop. Large selection of models with various sizes and the shape of the tabletop allows you to choose a harmonious addition to any interior. The catalog on our website includes different kinds tables from different manufacturers.
Dining tables are designed to be static and transformable. In any case, the dining table consists of a lid, a base and, if necessary, transforming devices and drawers.
Table tops are made from particle boards or solid wood. Covers made of particle boards are lined with veneer, films, and plastic. The edges of the lids are lined or decorated with figured linings made of wood.
The dimensions of the table top are determined by the number of seats. The dimensions of the seat along the length (width) of the table cover are 500-600 mm, and in depth - 300-325 mm. The number of seats increases depending on the chosen table top transformation scheme. There are sliding, retractable and hinged transformable table covers.
In tables with a fixed base and sliding lids (Fig. 1 a), after transformation, the size of the lid increases by one folding element. The number of seats after transformation increases by two.
In tables with a sliding base and sliding lids (Fig. 1 b), after transformation, the size of the lid can be increased by one, two or three inserts. The number of seats when installing three inserts increases by six.
In tables with retractable bottom lids and a fixed base (Fig. 1 c), the size of the lid after transformation can be increased by one or two lids. The number of seats increases by two or four.
The dimensions of the table tops, transformable according to the diagrams shown in Figure 104, increase due to the lifting of the hinged lids. The number of seats after transformation is eight - twelve.
The width of the insert elements b in transformable tables must correspond to the size of the seat, i.e., be at least 500-600 mm. In addition, in tables with a fixed base, it is necessary to take into account the overhang of the lid C after transformation relative to the table legs, which characterizes the stability of dining tables.
The stability of dining tables is the ability to resist overturning when unfavorable conditions operation (the largest overhang of the table cover and the load on the edge of the cover). Dining tables that have a constant overhang of the lid (non-transformable tables and with a sliding base), as well as tables in which the overhang of the lid does not increase after transformation, are stable.
When designing, the stability of dining tables can be approximately calculated using the formula:
PC=(B/2)*Q, where P is a vertical load equal to 10 daN (kgf) for tables weighing up to 15 kg and 15 daN (kgf) for tables weighing over 15 kg;
C - overhang of the table cover, mm; B - length, width of the table base, mm;
Q - table mass, kg.
Based on the condition of the table not tipping over, you can determine the maximum permissible overhang of the lid:
C less = (B/2P)*Q
If during the calculation it turns out that the stability of the table is insufficient, then it is necessary to reduce the overhang of the table top or increase its mass by using parts of a larger cross-section, greater mass, etc.
Table base- This is a wooden support. In non-transformable tables, the support is the side posts connected by drawers and the middle bar (Fig. 104 d), or the central post (Fig. 1 f). In transformable tables, the support consists of four legs and a drawer (Fig. 1g). The shape of the legs can be square, rectangular and round. The cross-sectional dimensions of square legs must be at least 45x45 mm, rectangular - 60x45 mm, round - 0 50 mm. The width of the drawers is 90-100, the thickness is not less than 19 mm. Supports consisting of four legs and drawers are also used in non-transformable tables with a drawer.
The upper part of the underframe, where the tsars are located, is called the tsar belt. In non-transformable tables, there is a drawer in the drawer belt. To install the drawer, a rectangular cutout is made in one of the table drawers into which the drawer fits. The box is installed on L-shaped guides, connected to the drawers with spikes. In transformable tables, transforming devices are located in the drawer belt. The parts of the underframe are made of wood coniferous species, particle boards, round drawers are glued out of plywood or veneer.
Non-separable connections of the frames with the side posts in non-transformable tables are made on dowels with glue with additional fastening with a metal square or an angular median connection with a dovetail tenon (Fig. 1 h). The middle bar is connected to the side posts using wedges (Fig. 1 i). The sides of the sides and middle bars should be located vertically. The wider the drawers and bars, the greater the rigidity of the table. The wedge slope is 1:10, the width b from the end of the block to the wedge is at least 50 mm. The wedge connection is used not only as a constructive connection, but also as a decorative one.
When developing the design of a table base, consisting of four legs and drawers, the main attention is paid to the rigidity of the joints, ensuring the rigidity of the tables as a whole.
The rigidity of dining tables is characterized by the ability of the table structure to resist vibration under the influence of external forces. It depends on the rigidity of the connection of the drawers and the fastening of the legs, the right choice cross-sections of the legs and sides of the table. The drawers are connected to each other and the legs with drawers in non-dismountable bases are connected with a single blind tenon with a semi-darkness on the glue.
In collapsible joints, the drawers are connected with wooden or metal bosses, the legs are secured to the drawers with special ties, standard bolts or studs with a nut (Fig. 1 j). Wooden bosses are connected to the drawers using straight box tenons or dovetail tenons. Metal bosses are attached to the frames with screws (four screws are placed on each connection). The thickness of non-standard metal bosses is 4 mm, width 70 mm. Standard stamped bosses are made with stiffeners made of steel 2 mm thick. The straight tenon connection is the most durable and rigid, so it is recommended for sliding and fixed dining tables of all sizes. Joints with dovetail tenons and metal bosses are approximately twice as rigid as joints with straight tenons.
Such connections are used in sliding and fixed dining tables, with the exception of banquet tables. To fasten the legs in tables with bent-glued frames (Fig. 1 l), standard screws and nuts are used.
Dining tables industrial enterprises are made with a collapsible base (with removable legs) to reduce the volume occupied by the table during transportation. Dining tables in home workshops can be made with non-collapsible bases. The rigidity of tables in which the legs and drawers are connected by a single non-through tenon with a semi-darkness is higher than the rigidity of similar tables with collapsible joints between the legs and drawers. In addition, when dining tables are used in dismountable joints, the nuts self-unscrew, which reduces the rigidity of the joints. The nuts must be tightened periodically.
Transforming devices for dining tables- these are running bars and turning rolling pins. The running bars, screwed to the table top with screws, move in the grooves of the drawers (Fig. 1 m) or guide bars (Fig. 1 n) attached to the drawers. The connection of several guide bars forms a rocker guide (Fig. 1 o). To prevent the ridge from coming out of the groove in the rocker guide bars, the connection is fixed with a metal square. The rubbing surfaces of the running bars are made of hardwood.
The tables are static. A non-transformable (static) dining table on side stands is shown in Figure 1 a. The table is made of solid coniferous wood. The thickness of the side posts is 25 mm. At the bottom of the rack there is a support bar mounted on tenon joints, which increases the stability of the table. The edges of the posts are figured. In the upper part of the side posts there are two drawers connected to the posts on dowels or an angular middle connection with a dovetail tenon. The middle bar is connected to the side posts using wedges.
The table cover can be framed or panel structure. Frame bars with a cross-section of 25 x 90 mm are connected with corner tenon joints. A quarter is taken from the inner edges of the frame, into which a plywood panel 8-10 mm thick is inserted. The panel is lined with film material or cloth. To prevent the panel from warping during operation, when lining, the adhesive solution is applied with inside only along the edge of the panel with a strip of 20-30 mm. The panel is attached to the frame with pinwheels. The frame to the side posts is installed on dowels with additional fastening with metal squares.
The covers of the panel structure are glued from softwood lumber. Cover thickness 20-25 mm.
To close the connections of the side posts with the lid, bars 30-35 mm thick are screwed onto the inside of the lid with screws. In addition, the bars provide stability for the lids during warping and are a decorative element.
Figure 2 a shows a set of furniture for equipping a dining area using a dining table with round lid on the central pillar. Round tables cannot be blocked with other pieces of furniture; there must be a free zone around them. Therefore, dining tables with a round top are used in rooms with large area, or on the terraces.
Table stands are made of solid coniferous or hardwood. They have a square or round shape (Fig. 2 b):
Rack base square shape is a laminated veneer lumber with a cross-section of 120 mm, thickened in the lower and middle parts. Thickening of the timber is used to increase the stability of the rack and for aesthetic reasons.
Racks round shape consist of segments connected to a plug-in rail. The table cover with a diameter of 1000-1200 mm is made of solid wood. Cover thickness 30-35 mm. The cover can be made from solid wood or particle board with a thickness of 18-20 mm. In this case, to increase the stability of the lid and for aesthetic reasons, bars or a round drawer with a thickness of 30-35 mm are screwed onto its inner side.
The cover is attached with screws to the crosspiece embedded in the rack (Fig. 2 c). The working surfaces of table tops made of solid coniferous wood must be deresined.
The table supports are a cross (Fig. 2 d) or spacer legs (Fig. 2 e). The nature of the connection between the stand and the supports must be well thought out, since with a one-sided load on the table top, significant loads arise on the connections between the stand and the supports. Square racks with a crosspiece can be connected to a through tenon with wedging of the tenon using wedges on glue. Round posts are attached to the crosspiece using dowels. The diameter of the dowels is 14 mm, the number of dowels per connection is at least four. The spacer legs are attached to the stand on dowels with a diameter of 14 mm with additional fastening with a metal bracket.
Transformable tables. Tables with sliding lids and a non-sliding base are made with a rectangular and round base (round drawer). Figure 3a shows an example of a table design with a rectangular base. Running bars - 4 and 7 - are attached to the sliding table covers, which move in the grooves of the drawers. Insert element 6 consists of two panels connected to each other by loops. One shield of the insert element is attached to a rotating rolling pin 2, rotating in the side frames. In the folded position, the insert element rests on the support block 3. During transformation, the insert element rotates together with the rolling pin and rests on the longitudinal frame. Then the second half of the insert is hinged and rests on the other drawer.
Dowels 5 installed in the edges of the insert element, four dowels on each side, fit into the corresponding sockets of the sliding table covers. Before and after transformation, the sliding table covers are connected to each other and the insert element with hooks J. The hooks protect against the dowels accidentally coming out of their sockets, as a result of which the insert element may fall down under the load of objects on the table.
Example constructive solution a dining table with a round drawer and an insert element freely stored in the underframe is shown in Figure 106 b. Running bars 4 are attached to the sliding covers 8, moved in the grooves of guide bars 10, connected by tenons to the drawer 9. The insert element 6, consisting of two panels connected by hinges, is freely stored in the underframe on support bars 3 connected to the drawers. In the designs of tables with a round frame, the insert element can be rotary - attached to a rotating rolling pin (Fig. 3 c).
The process of manufacturing dining tables with a rectangular non-separable base from pre-prepared parts includes basic operations performed in the following sequence: forming tenons and sockets in the drawers and legs, forming grooves and sockets in the drawers for the support, running bars and rolling pins, assembling the sides of the base “dry” , gluing the tenon joints of the sidewalls, assembling the underframe “dry”, gluing and processing the underframe, fastening the support bar, hanging the insert elements on the hinges, attaching the rolling pin and running bars, installing the insert element in the underframe, checking the transformation forces.
When marking the legs, make sure to saw them off after assembling the underframe. For this purpose, the length of the legs at the top of the table should be 40-50 mm longer than that provided for in the project. If the length of the legs of the underframe corresponds to the design, then in the places where the tenons of the frame meet the sockets of the legs, the wood may split during assembly, as a result of which the nature of the connection will be disrupted. The sidewalls to be glued are crimped in zwings and the correct assembly of the sidewalls is checked using adhesive tape diagonally.
Then the underframe is assembled “dry” and glued together in zwings. The crimped underframe is checked diagonally and installed on a horizontal floor. After the glue has dried, the ends of the legs protruding above the drawers are filed down and the top of the base is cleaned. To ensure better sliding of the lids along the drawers during transformation, it is advisable to glue strips of fabric (cloth) to the edges of the drawers.
Card loops are used for hanging insert elements. After hanging, the hinges should not protrude onto the front surface of the insert. The table covers and insert are placed face down on a flat floor, and the underframe is placed on them. Having aligned the overhangs of the lid and the insert element along the underframe, attach the running bars to the lids and the rolling pin to the insert element. Having placed the table on its legs, check the transformation force of the lids. If necessary, the running elements of transforming devices are rubbed with wax or soap.
When making tables with a collapsible rectangular base, the drawers are first connected using bosses, then the legs are attached to the drawers. In the future, the manufacturing process is similar to the process of manufacturing a table with a non-separable base.
The manufacture of tables with a round drawer has some peculiarities. A bent-glued drawer with a closed contour is glued together from plywood. The legs are attached to the drawers with standard round-head screws. The running bars move in grooves selected in the drawers and guide bars. Two support bars are attached to the guide bars with screws, on which the insert element is freely stored. If the insert is attached to a rotating rolling pin, then it rotates in bosses screwed to the round frame with screws.
Dining tables with retractable lids are made with rectangular (Fig. 4 a) and square (Fig. 4 b) bases. In both cases, the tables have similar design solutions.
The tables have two lower covers 7, which are pulled out from under the upper cover 2. Running bars 5 are attached to the lower covers, which are moved in the grooves of the frames. A transverse bar called bridge 3 is attached to the other two drawers. The bridge has two holes into which dowels 4, fixed in the top cover, are freely inserted. The running bars have a wedge-shaped shape, thanks to which the lower covers, when extended, are installed at the level of the upper table cover. The running bars contain stop dowels 6, which prevent the bottom covers from being fully extended.
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| Rice. 4. : 1 - retractable bottom cover; 2 - top cover; 3 - bridge; 4 - dowel; 5 - running bars; 6 - dowel stops. | Rice. 5. : a, b - rocker guide with running gear; c - rocker guide made of separate bars: 1 - middle bar; 2 - transverse bars; 3 - fixing metal square. |
In the extended position, the running bars rest against the bridge from below. The bridge is attached to the finished base with screws. The width of the bridge depends on the width of the retractable covers, which is determined taking into account the stability of the table against tipping. Having attached the running bars to the retractable covers along the holes in the bridge, mark the installation locations in the top cover of the dowels. Having installed the dowels and pulled out the lower covers, mark the location for installing the dowel stops.
Tables with sliding lids and a sliding base (Fig. 5 a) are resistant to tipping over, since the overhang of the lid remains constant during the transformation process. However, after transformation, the table covers bend by an amount h, which depends on the gaps in the mating connections of the transforming devices and the magnitude of the transformation. It is considered that the table is made with sufficient accuracy if the deflection of the lid after transformation is no more than 5 mm. If the deflection of the table top is more than 5 mm, then the table design includes a folding leg that prevents deflection of the table top. The legs are made in a T- or U-shape from softwood or aluminum pipes and attached to transforming devices with hinges or brackets. Folding legs are used for tables that can be transformed into five or more inset elements.
Rocker guides for tables with sliding lids and a sliding base are available in two versions. In the first option (Fig. 5 b), the middle bars 1 of the rocker guide are connected with screws into the running box using transverse bars 2. The box must be sufficiently rigid, so two or three screws are placed on each connection. The outer running bars of the rocker guide are attached to the half-covers. Rocker guides with a running box are used for tables that can be transformed into no more than three insert elements. The insert elements are located on the transverse bars of the chassis.
In the second version, the rocker guide is connected from separate bars (Fig. 5 c), fixed with metal squares 3. Such rocker guides are used for tables that can be transformed into four or more inset elements (banquet tables). Inserts are stored separately from the table.
Before you start making a dining table with sliding lids and a sliding base, it is advisable to make a drawing (bottom view) of the table before and after transformation on a scale of 1:2. If the size of the table after transformation is significant, then you can make a drawing of half the table up to the axis of symmetry. The drawing shows covers, insert elements, underframes, rocker guides, stops that limit the movement of the rocker guide bars, and fixing angles.
The table is made in the following sequence. The finished underframe is sawn into two equal parts, to which half-covers are attached using bosses or squares and to them (half-covers) the outer running bars of the rocker guide. Then, on a flat floor, inset elements with half-lids (legs up) are formed and a rocker guide is mounted. In accordance with the drawing, screw the stops and fixing angles. By placing the table with its legs on the floor, check the correct installation and the transformation force. Then install the folding leg. Depending on the design and method of fastening folding leg It can retract itself when the table is moved and recline when extended.
Tables with hinged lids, transformable according to the scheme shown in Figure 4d, have two hinged lids that are connected to a stationary card hinge. To keep the lids in a horizontal position, running bars or retractable legs are used.
The running bars are moved in L-shaped guide bars attached to the stationary cover and in grooves cut into the frame. The running bars are pulled out from under the stationary cover, which is attached to the underframe. The movements of the running bars are limited by plywood stops nailed to the running and guide bars.
Retractable legs are a frame attached to the table base of a frame or panel structure. There are two frames on each side of the cabinet. To prevent the frames from sliding on the lid after transforming the table, stops are attached to the hinged lid. The stop is a 20 mm thick block in which a 10 mm deep groove is cut, with a width equal to the thickness of the frame. After opening, the top bar of the frame fits into the groove. A cutout is made in the top block of the frame for the stop, or the frame is installed below the plane of the stationary table top by 110 mm. Tables of this design are called cabinet tables. They are usually used as an additional side table for a dining table. When folded, cabinet tables serve as stands for various items.
They can be double-pedestal (Fig. 6 a), single-pedestal (Fig. 6 b), with drawers (Fig. 6 c), which are installed in one or two rows. In the second case, the cover is used to fasten a vice when performing electrical, plumbing and other work. The composition of desks with cabinets includes a lid, a base, a back panel, and cabinets (Fig. 6 d).
The minimum dimensions of the cover of desks with cabinets in length and width are: double-pedestal 1400x700 mm, single-pedestal 1,000x600 mm. The covers are made of solid wood or particle boards. The thickness of the covers is 20-30 mm. The lids are attached to the table with dowels.
The desk base is made of solid wood. It consists of four legs, sides, side and middle legs. The width of the underframe parts is 60 mm, thickness is 25-30 mm. The parts of the underframe are connected with glue and tenons. The distance between the middle leg and the drawers should be 2-3 mm greater than the height of the cabinet.
A solid wood or particleboard back panel is attached between the rear legs. It is used in cases where the table is installed with the back panel facing the aisle. When installing the table to a wall, the back panel does not need to be used.
Table cabinets are equipped with drawers (Fig. 6 d) or shelves. The walls of the cabinets are made of panels or frames with panels. The connections of the walls are non-separable on dowels with glue. The vertical walls of the cabinets are passable. In tables with a back panel, the back wall of the cabinet is made of plywood or solid fiberboard.
The starting value for determining the internal dimensions of table drawers is the dimensions of the items for which the drawers are intended to be stored, and the methods for storing these items.
Clear width of drawers 7, 2 for vertical storage books and folders 340 mm, height not less than 265 mm. The internal dimensions in terms of boxes 3, 5, 6 for papers and notepads must be at least 340x240 mm when storing papers in one stack and at least 340x480 mm when storing them in two stacks; inner size the height must be at least 65 mm. The indicated dimensions do not apply to drawers 4 for pencils, pens and other writing instruments. The dimensions of these boxes are determined experimentally by measuring the items they are intended to store.
Cabinets equipped with shelves have hinged or sliding curtain doors that open up or down. The contents of cabinets equipped with shelves are less accessible compared to cabinets with drawers. In this regard, when making desks, preference should be given to cabinets with drawers.
The desks are assembled in the following sequence: A cabinet is installed in the finished table between the middle leg and the drawers and secured with screws to the drawers and the drawer. If the table has a single pedestal, then the pedestal is installed to the left or right of the undertable. If there is a back panel in the table design, it is placed before installing the cabinets and secured with screws or screw ties to the rear legs. Then the lid is attached to the base on dowels with glue. To prevent the lid from coming off from the table base when moving the table, additional fastening of the cover to the table base with squares and screws should be provided.
The design of a desk with drawers installed in one row is shown in Figure 6 f. The desk is of a panel design, non-separable. The side support walls of the table are connected to the horizontal back, middle, dividing walls and the lid on dowels with glue. The structural rigidity of such tables is ensured mainly by the use of a wide (at least 300 mm) rear wall and its additional fastening with metal angles 7.
When installing drawers in two rows, guide strips for installing drawers are attached to the middle divider and side supporting walls. Between the dividing and side walls, a lower non-passable shield is installed on dowels, covering the boxes from below. The middle dividing wall is additionally secured to the lid with metal squares.
In desks with drawers located directly under the lid, the overhang of the lid relative to the front wall of the drawer should be minimal. This ensures better visibility of the contents of the drawer when it is pulled out.
What tables and tables are a must-have in your home?
It seems that at night all the cats are gray, that the Chinese look the same, that all the tables... Stop right there! Because in the kingdom of tables there is a strict hierarchy, all powers are distributed, and the number of types and models is off the charts.
What types of tables are there?
Friends, there is no need to be confused: there are tables, and there are little tables. Well, what kind of tables can there be? But listen: coffee tables, coffee tables, serving tables, dressing tables.A coffee table is intended not only for newspapers and magazines, as its name suggests. This is an interior item. It looks great in the bedroom, living room, and hallway. It creates coziness in the house. On it you can put all the most necessary little things that should always be at hand: a phone, a TV remote control, a book, a magazine, a cup of coffee.
The coffee table is designed for tea and coffee conversations. It is often used in living rooms as a stand for fruit, light snacks and, of course, drinks. Its peculiarity is almost always a piece of art.
The serving table is used for meals in the living room. It is very convenient and easy to transport a teapot, tea utensils, plates filled with dessert, and menu items from the kitchen.
Dressing table used for storing cosmetics, hairpins, jewelry, and jewelry.
What types of tables are there?
Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy wrote: “Happy is he who is happy at home.” And at home we want to have not only tables, but also, of course, tables. Among the latter, several groups can also be distinguished: desks, computer tables, and dining tables. 
Desk Ideal for working with documents and papers, for completing homework for schoolchildren and students, it is simply necessary for a home office.
Computer desk needed to work on a personal computer. Regular home furniture not suitable for placing equipment with bundles of wires on it. A computer desk allows you to optimally place office equipment and all the accessories necessary for work.
And, of course, the king of all tables is the dining table. It is in every home and is used for meals, for family breakfasts, lunches, dinners, for holidays and for receiving guests. Well-chosen tables can decorate the interior.
How to choose the right dining table
The choice of tabletop depends entirely on the preferences of the owners, but the size depends on the number of people who are planned to be seated at the table. Round and oval are more suitable for spacious rooms. Such tables are usually placed in the living room, but it is better to choose rectangular or square tables for the kitchen.Dining tables can be folding or extendable. They look great and save space. Transforming tables are very easy to disassemble, assemble and transport.
Let your home have the most beautiful, stylish and comfortable furniture- the editors of the site wish you from the bottom of their hearts and recommend that you read about how to properly set the table.
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Tables are a piece of furniture that is a surface raised above floor level and designed to perform various works or the arrangement of objects.
Today there are quite a few, among which are large and small tables, oval, round, rectangular, wooden, metal and glass, as well as many others.
Main types and models of tables. In general, it can be noted that there are several classification features:
- By size;
- According to the form;
- According to production material;
- According to the functions performed and purpose and according to some other parameters.
The following types are also distinguished:
- Dining;
- The serving table is a mobile tray table;
- Written – intended for performing various written works;
- Magazine. This is a low table designed for relaxation;
- Dressing room - has a mirror, as well as sections for storing various toilet items;
- TV stand table;
- Computer;
- Billiards, tennis;
- Meeting table
- A side table is a table that is additional to the main one;
- Table-pedestal (or “table-book”), which when folded is similar to a book, hence the name;
- Kitchen;
- Coffee;
- Bar;
- Telephone;
- Card table. This is a special table designed for card game called "ombre". Currently - for preference.
- Interactive table. This species appeared relatively recently. This is a table with a touch screen built into the tabletop, connected to a computer. Thanks to this, you can solve many different problems right on the table itself.
Today, folding models are becoming quite popular due to their practicality and functionality, as well as their varied designs. They will perfectly save space in an apartment or house. This one is especially good furniture where free space is limited.
For example, when the need arises, such a table can be expanded and it will fully perform all its functions. And then the table folds easily and takes up very little space. For apartments with a relatively small area, built-in furniture would be an excellent option. It will save free space in the apartment.
Now in demand and coffee tables from glass. This piece of furniture goes well with almost any interior design, it adds style and sophistication to any room. It should also be noted that tables need to be selected based on the interior design. For example, if you have a country style, then just ideal option there will be wicker furniture.
We can conclude that currently there are many types of the most different models furniture. The choice of one model or another should be made depending on the interior style and personal preferences. If you want to look different collections furniture with photos, this can be done on online store websites. We wish you a successful choice!
Video: Dining tables, 56 varieties
