ORDER OF LENIN GLAVMOSSTROY AT THE MOSCOW CITY EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
MOSORGSTROY
TYPICAL TECHNOLOGICAL CARD
FOR WATER-BASED AND OIL-BASED PAINTING
WALLS AND CEILINGS
Moscow - 1983
A typical technological map was developed by the design and technology department finishing works Mosorgstroy trust (L.K. Nemtsyn, A.N. Strigina) and agreed with the Department of Finishing Works of Glavmosstroy (V.I. Malin).
The map indicates the technological sequence of work for water-based and oil-based painting; there are sections on safety precautions, workplace organization, and the quality of work performed. A standard set of tools and accessories is provided.
1 AREA OF USE
1.1. The technological map has been developed for water-based and oil-based painting of walls used in the finishing of residential, civil and industrial buildings and structures.
1.2. The works covered by the map include:
preparing surfaces of building structures for painting;
painting the surfaces of building structures indoors with water-based paints;
painting the surfaces of building structures indoors with oil paints.
1.3. Type of painting: simple, improved, high quality, paint colors are established by the project.
2. ORGANIZATION AND TECHNOLOGY OF THE CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
2.1. Painting work inside the premises should be carried out after completion of general construction and special works with the exception of parquet flooring, linoleum stickers, flooring made of synthetic materials. Window sashes must be glazed. Before starting painting work at a construction site, surface acceptance must be carried out with the participation of work producers and foremen in accordance with the requirements of SNiP III-21-73 “Finishing coatings for building structures”.
2.2. Surface preparation and painting may be carried out at an air temperature of not lower than 10 ° C and ventilation providing a relative air humidity of no more than 70%; the humidity of the surface of structures should be no more than 8%.
A. Preparation of surfaces of building structures for painting
2.3. Requirements for surfaces to be prepared for painting (GOST 22844-72).
Table 1
|
Type of finish |
Permissible deviations |
Limit sizes of local defects, mm |
||||||||
|
surfaces from the plane |
planes from the vertical walls |
husks, usenki, window and door slopes, pilasters |
slope from the design position in width |
rods from a straight line (for the entire length of the rod) |
||||||
|
shells |
swells (height) and troughs (depth) |
|||||||||
|
Improved coloring |
no more than 2 irregularities with a depth or height of up to 3 mm inclusive |
1 mm per 1 m of height (length), but not more than 10 mm over the entire height (length) |
1 mm per 1 m of height (length), but not more than 5 mm for the entire element |
|||||||
|
High quality painting |
no more than 2 irregularities with a depth or height of up to 2 mm inclusive |
1 mm per 1 m of height (length), but not more than 5 mm over the entire height (length) |
1 mm per 1 m of height (length), but not more than 3 mm for the entire element |
|||||||
2.4. It is allowed to prepare the surfaces of building structures and places of their interfaces (corners, abutments, joints) for painting that do not have deviations from the design position given in Table. 1, as well as through and shrinkage cracks opened to a width of more than 3 mm.
2.5. Surfaces to be prepared for painting must be free of dirt, stains and efflorescence. The surfaces of industrially manufactured products must meet the requirements of the standards for these products. Plastered structures should not have any peeling of the plaster from the surface of the structure, traces of a troweling tool, or drips of mortar. Surfaces lined with dry sheets gypsum plaster must not have:
violations of fastening of sheets;
peeling of cardboard from gypsum from the end of the sheet by more than 20 mm;
tears of cardboard exposing gypsum to a length of more than 30 mm;
more than two broken corners in the joint of sheets over the entire surface and more than one broken corner in one joint.
Surfaces lined with asbestos-cement sheets to be prepared for painting should not have rips, tears, sagging, or curvatures.
2.6. When preparing surfaces for painting, the following technological operations must be performed:
surface cleaning;
surface smoothing;
bridging cracks;
primer;
partial lubrication;
sanding greased areas;
solid putty;
grinding;
second solid putty;
grinding.
2.7. Clean the surfaces and cracks on it from dust, dirt, splashes and drips of solution using metal scrapers, a flake, artificial pumice fixed in a clip or a hinged grater (Fig. 1, 2). Grease stains are washed with a 2% solution of hydrochloric acid using a brush; efflorescence on the surface is swept away with brushes, the cleaned areas are washed and the surface is dried to a moisture content of no more than 8%. The cracks are opened with a plaster knife or a metal spatula to a depth of 2 mm.
Surface priming
2.8. For painting water-based compositions The first priming of the surface is carried out with a soap maker prepared in accordance with TU 400-2-143-77 (notice No. 1 on the extension until 1982) from bone glue, drying oil, laundry soap and water.
Soap primer at a construction site is prepared from a concentrated base (jelly) produced by the Stroydetal plant of the Mosotdelprom trust in the form of briquettes weighing 1 kg. The jelly is used for 10 days in summer and 20 days in winter. To prepare the primer, the weight portion of the jelly is poured in two parts. hot water (t= 80 °C). Then the composition is stirred until the jelly is completely dissolved, add 3 parts cold water and mix thoroughly again. Before use, filter the primer through a sieve with 625 holes/cm2. The primer must be uniform, without traces of delamination, undissolved pieces of soap, and also without grains of sand and other debris. Apply primer mechanized way using an electric spray gun or spray gun. To obtain a uniform layer of primer, the fishing rod is moved along the surface at a distance of 0.75 m from the seam, simultaneously making smooth circular movements in a spiral. The second and third priming is carried out with a painting composition diluted with water to a viscosity of 40 - 43 seconds according to VZ-4, applied using a roller.
2.9. Before painting with oil compositions, surfaces are oiled with the following composition:
drying oil, kg - 1
pigment for tint, kg - 0.05 - 0.1
solvent (turpentine, gasoline, etc.), kg - 0.05 - 0.1
With thorough mixing, pigment is introduced into the drying oil and the mixture is passed through a sieve with a mesh of 918 holes/cm 2. Before use, add solvent to the composition until it reaches a working consistency.
The second and, if necessary, third priming is done with a color that matches the color of the final painting, diluted with drying oil or emulsion to a more liquid consistency.
The primer is applied to the surface in a thin, even, continuous layer, without gaps, carefully shaded. The primed surface should have an even color without isolated glossy or matte areas.
2.10. Embroidered cracks, cavities and other irregularities are filled with putty using a steel or wooden spatula. After the greased areas have dried, they are polished using pumice inserted into the holder or sanding paper attached to the holder.
2.11. The putty used for filling cracks, cavities and leveling surfaces must be a homogeneous, non-separating mass, have the property of strong adhesion to the surface, and can be easily leveled on the surface being treated. The putty is prepared centrally at the Stroydetal plant and delivered to the construction site packed in plastic bags weighing 15 kg. At the work site, the putty is passed through for grinding in a paint grinder SO-116 (if necessary).
The first continuous putty should be carried out with a composition that differs in color from the first primer layer and the partial putty layer.
The putty is applied in a uniform, continuous layer 2 - 3 mm thick “on a tear” with a metal or plastic spatula, followed by smoothing and removing excess putty until gaps in the lower layer appear from underneath it. The putty should only fill the depressions. The second and subsequent solid putties are made with a composition different in color from the first, etc. (Fig. 3, 4).
2.12. Solid putty is polished using mechanical grinders IE-2201A using sandpaper mounted on a wooden grater and pumice until a smooth surface is obtained, followed by dust removal with a vacuum cleaner.
2.13. Surfaces prepared for painting should not be bleached, and also should not have deviations exceeding those given in the table. 2, cracks in places of putty, visible stripes and stains (GOST 22844-72).
table 2
Requirements for surfaces prepared for painting
|
Type of finish |
Permissible deviations |
|||
|
surfaces from the plane |
from the vertical or horizontal of the window and door slopes, pilaster, husk, usenkov |
curved surfaces from the design position |
rods from a straight line (for the entire length of the rod) |
|
|
Improved coloring |
no more than 2 irregularities with a depth or height of up to 2 mm |
1 mm per 1 m of height or length, but not more than 4 mm for the entire element |
||
|
High quality painting |
no more than 2 irregularities with a depth or height of up to 1.5 mm |
1 mm per 1 m of height or length, but not more than 2 mm for the entire element |
||
Surfaces prepared for painting must be checked anywhere, but in at least three places for unevenness and local defects.
Painting the surfaces of building structures indoors with water-based paints
2.14. Emulsion paints are produced by industry different colors, ready to eat. Before use, mix the paint thoroughly and bring it to a working consistency by adding water. Water-based paints cannot be applied to surfaces previously treated with vitriol.
2.15. For the first painting, the viscosity of the water-based paint is adjusted to 50 - 70 sec, according to VZ-4, and for the second - 70 - 80 sec. The surface is painted with rollers on elongated handles directly from the floor or with brushes. Before this, with a hand-brush, they make a layer of the ceilings and baseboards and paint the inner corners.
Painting the surfaces of building structures indoors with oil paints
2.16. Oil paints are a suspension of the corresponding pigment (iron lead, mummy, ocher, etc.) rubbed into drying oil.
Before use, they are brought to a paintable consistency by diluting with natural drying oil in an amount of 30 - 40% of the weight of the thickly grated paint. After diluting with drying oil, the paint is, if necessary, diluted with white spirit in an amount of no more than 5% of the weight of the diluted paint.
If the primer is applied manually, it is prepared according to the recipe specified in paragraph 2.9. Drying oil is added to thickly rubbed paint of the same color as the paint composition for subsequent painting.
When applying the primer by air spraying, a VM emulsion (water: oil) is used, prepared centrally at the Stroydetal plant of Mosotdelprom. The emulsion is delivered to the construction site ready for use in cans.
Apply the emulsion using an electric spray gun or spray gun, see paragraph 2.8.
2.17. Painting with water-based and oil-based paints is done with rollers or brushes. When painting with a brush, it is immersed in a container with paint to 1/4 of the length of the bristles. First, the paint is applied in bold, slightly receding stripes from one another and shaded in the transverse, and then, finally, in the longitudinal direction.
When painting with a roller, the roller is lowered into the bath and rolled once or twice along an inclined grid, squeezing out excess paint. Then roll the roller over the surface. Painting is done in two or three passes with a roller: the first pass is carried out with vertical movements of the roller; the second - in the horizontal direction, shading the applied layer. With each subsequent pass of the roller, the previous one should be overlapped by 3 - 4 cm (Fig. 5).
2.18. Fluting is performed with the end of a dry brush without pressing on the flute using reciprocal movements of the flute until brush marks and streaks are completely removed from the surface (Fig. 6).
2.19. Trimming (if necessary) is performed with a dry trimming brush, applying light blows to the freshly painted surface (Fig. 7).
2.20. Painting must be carried out in compliance with SNiP III-4-80 “Safety in Construction” and “Fire Safety Rules for Construction and Installation Work”.
Particular attention should be paid to the following: painting work at height should be carried out from inventory scaffolding, stepladders, universal trestle tables, mobile towers and other inventory devices. When performing work on flights of stairs it is necessary to use special scaffolding (tables) with different lengths support posts, installed on the steps.
The working floor must be horizontal and have guards.
Storage of painting materials is permitted only in places specially designated by the PPR.
When preparing painting compositions using a paint grinder, the following precautions must be taken:
do not allow the electric motor to overheat while the paint grinder is operating;
do not leave the working paint grinder unattended;
Do not allow unauthorized persons who have not undergone special training to operate the paint grinder.
Persons at least 18 years of age who have undergone special training and received a certificate for the right to work with these tools are allowed to work with electrified tools.
When cleaning the surface and sanding, you must use safety glasses. When washing surfaces with hydrochloric acid solution, workers should wear safety glasses, rubber boots and gloves. Dilute the acid by slowly pouring it into water. Paints, drying oils, and solvents should be prepared and stored in separate buildings equipped with ventilation. Containers for adhesives and paints must be stored in a specially designated place outside the premises on a designated area, at least 30 m away from the place of work.
2.21. The painting work front is divided into sections. The size of the occupation is determined taking into account the output achieved by the unit; each occupation must consist of an integer number of apartments in residential buildings, an integer number of premises in administrative, school and cultural buildings. In industrial buildings, the enclosure must consist of a whole number of spans.
2.22. Painting work with oil and water-based compositions is carried out by specialized units of two people each: painters of the 4th and 2nd categories. First, both members of the team prepare the surfaces for painting, that is, they smooth or clean the surfaces and fill out cracks. Then the 4th category painter primes the surfaces with an electric spray gun or roller. After drying the primed surface, the painter of the 2nd category performs partial lubrication of individual places, then both members of the team perform continuous puttying of the surface, then grinding it. The second priming, puttying and subsequent painting of surfaces is carried out by both members of the team.
3. TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC INDICATORS
Table 3
Labor Costing
|
Rationale |
Type of work |
Labor costs, man-hour. |
|
|
oil painting |
water-based |
||
|
EniR § 8-24 TB. 4 p. 4 |
Surface smoothing |
||
|
Joining cracks |
|||
|
Primer (primer) |
|||
|
Partial lubrication |
|||
|
§ 8-24 TB. 8 p. 3 |
Sanding greased areas |
||
|
§ 8-24 TB. 7 p. 4 |
First solid putty |
||
|
Sanding putty |
|||
|
Second putty |
|||
|
Sanding putty |
|||
|
Primer |
|||
|
First painting with a roller |
|||
|
Second painting with a roller |
|||
|
Flatting (when painting with a brush) |
|||
|
Output per 1 worker per shift |
|||
4. MATERIAL AND TECHNICAL RESOURCES
4.1. Demand for basic materials and semi-finished products
Table 4
|
Name of materials |
Per 100 m 2 surface |
||
|
water-based painting |
oil painting |
||
|
Color ready for priming for oil painting |
|||
|
Soap primer (for water-based painting) |
|||
|
Paints for tinting (coating surfaces) |
|||
|
Glue-oil putty (partial lining) |
|||
|
Glue-oil putty (full putty) |
|||
|
Oil color |
|||
|
Water-based paint |
|||
4.2. The need for machines, equipment, tools and accessories per link
Table 5
Annex 1
Work schedule for a team of two people when painting walls with oil
Volume 100 m2
Appendix 2
Workplace organization diagram
A. Oil painting with a roller
B. Puttying surfaces
B. Sanding putty surfaces
Legend:
1 - painters; 2 - scaffolding table; 3 - container with paint; 4 - grinding wheel; 5 - sanding hard-to-reach places by hand.
Reviewed
At a meeting of the cycle commission
Protocol No.__dated “__”_____20__G.
Chairman of the Central Committee
\_________\ E. N. Menshikova
Instructional and technological map
Lesson topic: Painting wall and ceiling surfaces lime compounds, brushes and rollers.
Exercise: Paint the surfaces of walls and ceilings with lime compounds.
Target: Develop skills and abilities in painting surfaces of walls and ceilings with lime compounds.
ToolInstructions for performing work
Preparation of lime paint composition
Container, construction mixer
Lime dough is diluted in 6 liters of water, add table salt, dissolved in 0.5 liters of water, and mix everything. Then add water to 10 liters and get white color. If you need a colored color, then add pigment soaked in water to the white composition and mix thoroughly. Various paint compositions or colors are prepared for painting.
Surface priming
Brush
The surfaces are cleaned, moistened with water and primed. When preparing a lime primer with table salt, the lime dough is diluted in 5 liters of water and table salt dissolved in boiling water is added to this solution. With constant stirring, add up to 10 liters of water. Consumption of lime paste - 2.5 kg, salt - 0.1 kg.
Surface painting
Brush
Lime paint is used both outside and inside buildings to cover porous and plastered lime mortars surfaces brick walls, as well as for painting damp and cold rooms. Apply the composition using a brush. When painting with a brush, apply two or three thin layers on top of the still wet previous layer.
It must be remembered that lime paint is usually applied with horizontal movements, and shading is done vertically.
Safety precautions.
Before starting work, you must undergo safety training, put on special clothing, and inspect workplace, check the correct placement of materials and the serviceability of tools, equipment, and devices. The tool must be used for its intended purpose. When painting surfaces with lime compounds, the painter must use personal protection- safety glasses, cotton or rubber gloves, respirator. All operations of the technological process must be carried out in compliance with the rules of technical specifications. When working, it is very important to choose the correct working position. This not only reduces fatigue, but also significantly protects against various types of injuries. After finishing work, clean the tool, remove the workplace, and perform personal hygiene.
Master p\o A.N. Popova
Like any other production process, it has its own technological regulations. In their work, Vitonika specialists strictly follow its provisions, which ensures the safety of the procedure and the quality of the result.
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TYPICAL TECHNOLOGICAL CARD (TTK)
PAINTING OF BUILDING METAL STRUCTURES AND PRODUCTS USING THE UREG-1 INSTALLATION
I. SCOPE OF APPLICATION
1. The technological map is intended for organizing the work of workers when painting building metal structures and products using an installation for manual electropainting UREG-1.
2. The card provides for painting metal structures to a state of complete readiness, at which the quality of the painted surface meets the requirements of the project, technical specifications or building codes and rules.
3. The paint and varnish coating consists of a primer and paint layers made by pneumatic spraying of electrically charged particles paint and varnish material.
4. Electropainting improves the quality of the coating, increases labor productivity, reduces losses of paint and varnish material and improves sanitary and hygienic working conditions.
5. Work on painting metal structures is carried out year-round at a temperature not lower than +10 °C. The humidity of the surface to be painted should not exceed 8%.
6. Paint metal structures using manual installation UREG-1 can be applied in centralized painting shops or at the site of installation of structures.
7. With centralized painting, work can be carried out in in-line chambers or at stationary posts in the workshop, as well as in open workshop areas.
8. For centralized painting, it is advisable to use two UREG-1 units at two stations: priming and final painting.
9. When centrally painting products in chambers or workshops, the latter must be equipped with reliable ventilation and a hydraulic curtain.
10. When dyeing metal structures after their installation, one UREG-1 installation is usually used.
11. The technological process of painting metal structures using the UREG-1 installation, regardless of the location of the work, remains unchanged.
12. This technological map provides the technological sequence of the process of painting metal structures using the UREG-1 installation.
13. Provided that the technological map is linked to specific painting locations and standard sizes of metal structures, this technological map specifies the scope of work and the calculation of labor costs.
II. MEANS OF MECHANIZATION
1. Installation for manual electropainting UREG-1 is designed for pneumatic supply and application of primer and paint compositions in the form of electrically charged particles on previously prepared surfaces of metal structures.
2. The UREG-1 installation consists of a paint injection tank with a capacity of 16 liters with a pneumatic mixer, an electrical power supply and excitation unit, and a control panel mounted on a four-wheeled trolley.
In the transport position, the following items are placed on the trolley: a spray gun, a power cable for the installation from the electrical network, a high-voltage cable, and non-pressure hoses.
3. Technical characteristics of the UREG-1 installation
|
Productivity, sq.m/h: when priming products when applying paint composition |
|
| Consumption of paint and varnish material when applying one layer, kg/m | 0.09±0.1 |
| Supply voltage from single-phase network alternating current, IN | 220 |
| Voltage at the sprayer output, kV | At least 40 |
| Power consumption, W | No more than 40 |
| Air pressure in the supply network, MPa | 0,45-0,6 |
| Air consumption, sq.m/h | 45 |
| Sleeve length, m | 10 |
| installation weight, kg | 7 |
| Spray gun weight, kg | 0,6 |
|
dimensions, mm |
4. The installation is equipped with a paint sprayer designed to operate from both the filling tank and the paint injection tank. The design of the spray gun allows you to smoothly transition from a round to a flat torch and change its size. The torch is adjusted during operation without disassembling the spray gun. By changing the position of the head, you can obtain a horizontal or vertical direction of the torch.
5. Detailed information about the device and details of installation components are given in " Technical description and operating instructions for the installation for manual electropainting UREG-1."
III. TECHNOLOGY OF WORK PRODUCTION
1. The technology for painting metal structures using a manual electropainting installation UREG-1 consists of performing organizational and preparatory operations, as well as application operations paint coating.
2. Organizational operations are carried out before the start of painting work. To do this you need:
- instruct workers on the rules of work;
- check the availability of solvents and paints and varnishes for the entire scope of work. All materials must be from the same batch;
- arrange all the tools and equipment necessary for work and repair possible malfunctions within the range of workers;
- ensure delivery of materials To workplaces using hand trucks.
3. It is prohibited to allow persons who have not undergone appropriate training and instructions to work on the UREG-1 installation.
4. Before starting work, it is also necessary to prepare the surfaces of metal products for the UREG-1 electropainting installation, prepare primer and paint compositions.
5. Preparing the surface of a metal structure involves removing rust and pockets of corrosion to ensure proper adhesion of the paint layer to the base.
6. Work on preparing the surface of metal products for painting is carried out in the following technological order:
- cleaning the surface from dust and dirt;
- cleaning the surface from rust;
- degreasing surfaces;
- grounding of products.
7. Before painting, the surfaces of metal structures must be cleaned of dust, dirt, splashes of solution and other contaminants using scrapers and rags.
8. The surfaces of metal structures must be cleaned of rust using steel brushes or chemically 3-4 hours before painting and degreased.
9. Chemical cleaning of rust and simultaneous degreasing are carried out with washing composition N 1120, which includes (in %): phosphoric acid - 30-35; hydroquinone - 1; butyl alcohol - 5; ethyl (denatured) alcohol. 20; water - 39-44.
10. Chemical cleaning work metal surfaces washing composition consists of applying it with a rag, brush or roller to the surface to be treated, and after 30 minutes of exposure - cleaning the surface with metal brushes and rinsing with composition N 107.
11. If there are cavities and solid rust on the surface of metal structures, it is cleaned chemically using a composition of three parts hydrochloric acid and one part sulfuric acid, followed by neutralization of the surface with an alkali solution (NaOH) and rinsing with water.
In these cases, degreasing of the surface is carried out according to the technology adopted at enterprises Production association Mospromelectroconstructions.
12. Hardware, subject to electropainting, must be grounded by a device with a resistance of at least 100 Ohms.
13. It is prohibited to apply paints and varnishes to the surfaces of uncleaned and ungrounded metal products and structures.
14. Preparation of paints and varnishes for use in electropainting consists of bringing the primer and paint compositions to the required viscosity, checking their electrostatic properties (volume specific resistance, dielectric constant, etc.).
15. When preparing paints and varnishes, as well as inspecting the painted surface, you should use:
- compressor SO-7A;
- kilovoltmeter type S-100;
- microammeter type M-194;
- combined device type Ts-437;
- megohmmeter type MOM-4;
- thickness gauge type ITP-1;
- device PUS-1;
- quality factor meter E-4-4;
- viscometer VZ-4;
- stopwatch;
- thermometer;
- psychrometer;
- buckets, sieve, containers for paints and varnishes, rags, etc.
16. Materials used for electrostatic spraying must meet the requirements of relevant standards, technical specifications, as well as SNiP instructions.
17. The degree of manifestation of electrostatic affect, as well as the quality of the painted surface, depend on the volumetric resistivity, dielectric constant and viscosity of the paint and varnish material.
It is most rational to use paints and varnishes that have the following characteristics:
- volumetric resistivity from 5x10 6 to 5x10 7 Ohm cm;
- dielectric constant from 6 to 11 f/m;
- working viscosity according to the VE-4 viscometer is no more than 30 s.
Volume resistivity is checked with a PUS device, dielectric constant with an E-4-4 quality factor meter, and viscosity with a VZ-4 viscometer.
18. The paint material should be filtered through 05 brass mesh and tested.
19. When preparing the paint composition, you must be guided by the data in table. 1.
Table 1
Optimal working viscosity of basic paints and varnishes
|
Paint material |
Working viscosity up to VZ-4 at 18-23 °C |
|
Pentaphthalic enamel PF-P5 (PF-133) |
|
|
Melamine alkyd enamel ML-12 |
|
|
Glypthal enamel GF-1426 |
|
|
Primer GF-020 (GF-032) |
|
|
Oil paint MA-025, white |
|
|
Oil paints on earth pigments |
20. To dilute paints and varnishes used for painting in an electrostatic field to working viscosity, it is necessary to use RE grade thinners (Table 2) or solvents with the addition of surfactants.
table 2
List of RE grade thinners
|
Paint material |
Thinner brand |
|
Melamine alkyd and melamine formaldehyde enamels and primers |
RE-1V (RE-2V) |
|
Pentaphthalic and glypthal enamels, primers and putty primers |
RE-ZV (RE-4V) |
|
Aminostyrene enamels and primers |
|
|
Polyester acrylate enamels |
|
|
Oil paints, including thickly rubbed ones |
|
|
Epoxy primer EF-083 |
21. Composition of diluents and their electrical characteristics
Table 3
|
Diluent |
Compound |
Volume percentage, volume resistivity, Ohm cm |
Dielectric constant, f/m |
|
Solvent or xylene Diacetone alcohol |
70 (5x10 6 - 1x10 8) |
||
|
Solvent or xylene Butyl acetate Ethyl cellosolve |
60 (5x10 6 - 1x10 8) |
||
|
Solvent Ethyl cellosolve |
50 (1x10 6 - 2x10 7) |
||
|
Solvent Ethyl cellosolve |
30 (1x10 6 - 2x10 7) |
||
|
Diacetone alcohol Ethyl cellosolve |
40 (1x10 6 - 2x10 7) |
||
|
Solvent |
50 (1x10 8 - 1x10 10) |
||
|
Butyl acetate Diacetone alcohol Cyclohexanone |
60 (1x10 9 - 1x10 10) |
||
|
25 (1x10 6 - 1x10 7) |
|||
|
Solvent Butyl acetate Ethyl cellosolve |
50 (1x10 8 - 1x10 10) |
||
|
Solvent Ethyl cellosolve |
40 (1x10 6 - 1x10 7) |
||
|
Butyl acetate Ethyl cellosolve Cyclohexanone |
40 (1x10 6 - 2x10 7) |
22. Preparation of paint and varnish materials, including dilution and control, must be carried out centrally for all operating painting installations (posts). In this case, it is necessary to be guided by the methodology attached to the operational documentation of the UREG-1 installation.
23. It is prohibited to use nitrocellulose, perchlorovinyl, water-borne and hammer enamels, as well as paints and varnishes and solvents, the composition and properties of which are unknown, for painting products in an electrostatic field.
24. The manual electrostatic installation UREG-1 is prepared before starting work in order to ensure uninterrupted operation.
25. To prepare an electrostatic installation for operation, you must:
- check the integrity and cleanliness of mechanical equipment;
- ground the UREG-1 installation;
- connect the unit’s power cord to an AC network with a voltage of 220 V;
- attach the feed sleeves compressed air b paint sprayer and secure them with a clamp;
- connect material hoses to the paint injection tank and paint sprayer;
- set air pressure regulators and paint within the required limits;
- fill the paint injection tank with paint composition;
- Check for electrostatic charge by test painting.
26. Detailed information on preparing mechanization equipment for operation and maintenance of the installation is contained in the “Technical description and operating instructions for the installation for manual electropainting UREG-1” and the section “Labor methods and techniques” of this technological map.
27. It is prohibited to work with an ungrounded electrostatic installation UREG-1, as well as in the absence of the phenomenon of circular coverage of metal structures by the paint composition.
28. Work on painting metal structures using a manual electrostatic installation UREG-1 is carried out using the following technology: surface priming; application of paint composition.
29. When painting metal structures, one or more manual electrostatic installations UREG-1 can be used, depending on the painting location (centralized painting workshop or post-installation painting).
30. Technological painting modes depend on the complexity of the product configuration, the paint and varnish material used, the current value on the charger, the temperature and relative humidity of the air in the painting area.
31. High quality coatings can be guaranteed if the technological regimes for applying paints and varnishes are observed (Table 4).
Table 4
Technological modes for applying paints and varnishes
|
Paint material |
Working viscosity according to VZ-4 at a temperature of 18-23 °C |
Dosage of paint and varnish material, g/min |
Charger current value, µA |
|
Pentaphthalic enamels PF-115 (PF-133) |
|||
|
Melamine alkyd enamel ML-12 |
|||
|
Glypthal enamel GF-1426 |
|||
|
Primer GF-020 (GF-032) |
|||
|
Primer AK-070 |
|||
|
Oil paint MA-025, thickly rubbed white |
|||
|
Thickly ground colored oil paints on earthen pigments (iron lead) |
32. During the work process, having installed UREG-1, the paint or primer composition from the paint injection tank, under the influence of compressed air, enters the paint spray gun, where compressed air is supplied for spraying. When you press the trigger of the spray gun with your finger, the channels open through which the paint composition x air begins to move.
Under the influence of dynamic air pressure, a high voltage circuit (10-14 kV) is closed using a pneumatic relay, in which the discharge electrodes are located. Sprayed and electrically charged, the paint composition increases this charge in the flow of ionized air and settles on the grounded product being painted.
33. The color of painted metal structures must correspond to the project.
34. Painted surfaces must have a uniform texture. Showing through underlying layers of paint, as well as stains, splashes, bubbles, blockages, wrinkles, smudges, omissions, etc. not allowed.
35. After finishing the painting work, the paint injection tank, paint sprayer and the entire paint supply system must be washed. The paint supply system is flushed after the end of each work shift.
36. It is prohibited to leave the UTEG-1 installation in an unwashed state and with the paint heating tank filled with paint.
IV. METHODS AND TECHNIQUES OF LABOR
1. Work on the preparation and painting of metal structures using a manual electro-painting installation UREG-1 is carried out by a team of two people
- painter (operator) 3 categories (M1) 1
- painter (operator) 4 categories (M2) 1
The mechanization equipment is serviced by a 4th category electrician working in the workshop.
2. The organization of the workplace when painting metal structures depends on the painting conditions.
3. A diagram of the organization of the workplace in the centralized painting shops at a stationary station is shown in Fig. 1.
4. A diagram of the organization of the workplace when painting metal structures on the production line of centralized workshops is shown in Fig. 2.
5. A diagram of the organization of the workplace when painting metal structures in open areas is shown in Fig. 3.
6. The implementation of work on organizing the workplace is not provided for by this map and cost calculation, but is decided additionally in each specific case.
7. The technological process of painting using a manual installation UREG-1 provides for the implementation of a set of technological operations that do not depend on organizational factors.
This complex includes operations for the preparation of metal structures, painting materials, installation and painting itself.
8. Calculation of labor costs and schedule of the labor process were compiled for painting 100 sq.m of metal structures of average complexity and are given in tables 5 and 6.
9. Time standards for individual technological operations are adopted according to EniR, Sat. 8 with the introduction of coefficients reflecting additional costs, as well as based on the productivity of the UREG-1 installation.
10. A set of operations: to prepare metal structures for painting, consisting of cleaning the structures from dust, rust, scale, solution splashes, etc., is performed by painters M1 and M2. Clean surfaces from dust and dirt with a rag; from rust - with a wire brush or chemicals, applying them to the surface with a rag, brush or roller and then removing them. After removing the rust, wipe the surface completely with a rag.
11. The preparation of working paint compositions is carried out by painters M1 and M2 in quantities not exceeding the shift requirement. In this case, the primer and paint compositions are diluted to the required viscosity, which is controlled with a VZ-4 viscometer, then the volumetric resistivity is determined with the PUS-1 device and the dielectric constant with a quality factor meter of type E-4-4; if necessary, they are corrected by introducing them into the composition required quantity emulsifier OP-7. Ready composition filtered into the paint injection tank through a semi-pack mesh 05.
12. The preparation of the UREG-1 electropainting installation is carried out by painters M1 and M2. In this case, an external inspection ensures that there is no damage to the installation elements; All the handles on the panel are set to the “Off” position, if necessary, remove the conservation grease from the installation surfaces with a rag soaked in a solvent. Remove the plugs from the fittings intended for connecting the sprayer, connect the sprayer hoses to the fittings according to the inscriptions, and the cable to the excitation unit, connect the installation to the compressed air network and the electrical network, ground the installation and products.
13. Check the operation of the mixer by turning the knob on the top cover of the mixer air motor two turns, and then placing the tap labeled “Stirrer” in the “Open” position.
The frequency of switching on, duration and intensity of operation of the mixer are set depending on the type of paint and varnish material.
If the air pressure in the network is 0.45-0.5 MPa, then for normal operation sprayer, it is recommended to turn on the stirrer during breaks in sprayer operation.
14. Set the required width of the torch depending on the coloring of the products, for which remove the nozzle from the sprayer and place the diaphragm in one of the positions marked with numbers on it.
15. Open the valve labeled “Air pressure” and install required pressure for spraying within 0.45 - 0.6 MPa. Set the movable nut on the sprayer head to a position where the mark at its front end coincides with the mark on the union nut, on the first turn from the last, the marks on the movable nut correspond to the optimal operating mode of the sprayer: at the front end - at a network air pressure of 0.45 MPa, at the rear - at 0.6 MPa.
16. Set the “Generator Power” switch to the “Network” position - the green light comes on and the sprayer is turned on. In this case, the red light should light up, then, by rotating the “High Voltage” knob on the control panel, set the current to 75 + 100 µA using the microammeter.
17. Set the required paint pressure, but not more than 0.4 MPa, using a tap marked “Paint pressure” and a regulator.
18. Confirm the presence of the coverage effect by testing grounded metal cylinder diameter up to 100 mm without turning it. The best coverage effect is achieved by turning the movable nut on the spray head in the area indicated by the marks.
19. When drawing up a work schedule and calculating labor costs, the operation of preparing electrical painting equipment was taken into account twice a shift (at the beginning of the shift and after the lunch break).
When preparing equipment one-time, it is necessary to make adjustments to the table. 5 and 6.
20. Technological operations applying priming and painting layers on the surfaces of metal structures using the UREG-1 installation is carried out by painter M2; first, he checks the position of the “Paint Supply” and “Paint Pressure” taps on the installation (they must be open), then takes the sprayer into right hand, holding it with the left, and pressing the trigger creates a torch of paint, directing it at the product being painted.
21. When applying the primer and paint layers, the spray gun must be kept at a distance of 250-350 mm from the surface to be painted, since as this distance increases, the loss of paint and varnish material increases.
22. At the end of each shift or at the end of painting work, the M2 painter pours paint from the paint injection tank and pours 3/4 liter of solvent into it, connects the hoses and closes the tank with a lid. Sets the “Paint Supply” and “Paint Pressure” taps to the “Open” position, opens the sprayer and, pouring the solvent into an arbitrary container, rinses the paint supply system until traces of paint disappear. Then wipe the surface of the sprayer with a rag soaked in solvent.
23. When painting metal structures located above 3.5 m from the floor or ceiling, work must be carried out from mobile scaffolds.
24. When calculating the time norm for painting metal surfaces, the operation of the installation from the ground was taken into account; when working from scaffolding, the time norm and prices for priming and painting in table. 5 and 6 must be multiplied by a factor of 1.25 in accordance with EniR, Sat. 8, section III.
V. SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
1. When operating the UREG-1 installation, the provisions must be strictly observed following instructions and rules for ensuring labor safety and health:
SNiP 12-03-2001 and SNiP 12-04-2002;
- "Safety rules for the operation of electrical installations industrial enterprises";
- "Unified safety regulations and industrial sanitation for industrial enterprises building materials";
- "Instructions for grounding mobile construction machinery and electrified tools";
- "Instructions for the implementation of grounding networks in electrical installations";
- "Safety rules and regulations, fire safety and industrial sanitation for paint shops";
- “Rules for the technical operation of consumer electrical installations and safety rules for the operation of consumer electrical installations, approved with additions by the State Inspectorate for Industrial Energy and Energy Supervision”;
- "Standards for primary fire extinguishing agents for industrial, warehouse, public and residential premises."
2. Electrical operators who are at least 18 years old, who have worked on high-voltage installations for at least 6 months, who have undergone safety training and have at least the third qualification group are allowed to work on a manual electropainting installation UREG-1.
3. The following documents must be stored at the operator’s workplace:
- operating and safety instructions;
- principled electrical diagram installations;
- wiring diagram electrical equipment;
- technological diagram of the installation operating mode;
- operational log;
- fire safety rules.
4. During operation, the UREG-1 installation and the products being painted must be reliably grounded. It is necessary that the resistance of the ground wire does not exceed 4 ohms.
5. Before starting work, workers servicing the UREG-1 installation must be instructed on the rules for operating the installation.
6. While working, the painter must wear shoes with electrically conductive soles (for example, leather), be on an electrically conductive floor and hold the handle of the spray gun bare hand silt with a hand in a glove with a cutout on the palm.
7. The installation must be located at a distance of at least 5 m from the painting site so that there is easy access to it, and the possibility of mechanical damage to the cable and hoses is avoided.
8. The installation must be provided with fire extinguishing means suitable for extinguishing burning paint and solvent.
9. Paint only with ventilation turned on. When the ventilation is turned off, the electrical power to the unit is automatically turned off and the unit stops working.
10. Workers must be provided with special clothing, safety glasses and respirators.
PROHIBITED:
- supply air to the paint injection tank without making sure that the tank lid and filler neck plug are securely fastened;
- remove the tank cap, the filler neck plug and disconnect the hoses without releasing the air pressure in the tank and air ducts;
- work at air pressure above 6 kgf/sq.cm;
- flush the installation with the voltage turned on;
- immerse the spray gun in the solvent;
- smoking and performing work involving sparking;
- store (even for a short time) paints and solvents in open form;
- produce Maintenance, repair of the installation and spray gun without turning off the electrical power;
- paint products in an electrostatic field with nitrocellulose, perchlorovinyl, water-borne and hammer enamels and use paints and varnishes and solvents, the composition and properties of which are unknown;
- work with gloves and rubber shoes with rubber soles;
- leave the unit switched on without supervision or entrust work with it to unauthorized persons.
VI. TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC INDICATORS
per 100 sq.m of painted coating
Labor costs, person-hours 22.7
Installation utilization factor, machine - see 0.38
Cost of 1 sq.m of paint and varnish coating, rub. 0.296
Annual economic effect from the implementation of one installation, rub. 5000
Saving paint and varnish materials due to the effect of electrostatic coverage, % 30-40
Labor savings compared to conventional air spray painting are 30%.
VII. MATERIAL AND TECHNICAL RESOURCES
Calculation of labor costs for painting 100 sq.m of the surface of metal structures with an electrostatic installation UREG-1
Table 5
|
Justification of the standards |
Name of works |
Scope of work |
Standard time per unit of measurement, person-hour |
Labor costs for the total volume of work, man-hours |
Price per unit of measurement, rub. - kopecks. |
Cost of expenses for the total amount of work, rubles - kopecks |
|
EniR 8-24K, table 13, item 1c |
Cleaning the surface of metal structures from dust, rust, scale, solution splashes, etc. |
|||||
|
EniR 8-3OA, table 1, item 2c NIS Glavmosstroy, K=1.5 |
Preparation of paints and varnishes, testing their properties and filling them into the paint injection tank |
0.22 x 1.5 = 0.33 |
||||
|
Installation passport UREG-1 |
Preparing the UREG-1 electropainting installation for operation (once per shift) |
|||||
|
EniR 8-24K, Table 13, paragraph 2d. Timing at produces. 50sq.m/h, K=0.7 |
Applying the primer layer in one go using a REG-1 spray gun |
2.7 x 0.7 = 1.9 |
||||
|
EniR 8-24K, Table 13, paragraph 7. Timing, |
Applying the paint composition in one go using a REG-1 spray gun |
3.7 x 0.7 = 2.6 |
||||
Schedule of works for painting 100 sq.m of the surface of metal structures with an UREG-1 electrostatic installation
Table 6
|
Name of works |
Performers of work |
Labor consumption, person-h |
Continued inhabitant- ness, h |
Working hours |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Preparation of materials |
Painters M1 and M2 |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Preparing the electropainting installation |
3 digits - 1 4 digits - 1 |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Metal surface cleaning structures from sawdust, dirt, rust, etc. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Applying the primer composition with a REG-1 spray gun |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Applying the paint composition at one time with a gun - sprayer REG-1 |
4 digits - 1 |
||||||||||||||||||||||
1. Demand for basic materials and semi-finished products (in kg)
Table 7
|
Name |
Stamps |
Quantity (per 100 sq.m.) |
|
Solvent |
||
|
Emulsifier |
2. Need for equipment, mechanisms, tools
Table 8
|
Name |
Type, GOST, brand, N features. |
Quantity |
Technical specifications |
|
Compressor |
Productivity 30 sq.m/h. Operating pressure 0.7 MPa. Electric motor power 4 kW. Weight 185 kg. |
||
|
Installation for manual electropainting UREG-1 |
Consumption of paint and varnish material is 0.6 kg/min. The working pressure of the paint and varnish material is no more than 0.4 MPa. Operating air pressure 0.6-0.45 MPa. Air consumption 35-45 sq.m/h. Supply voltage 220 V. Short circuit current is not more than 200 µA. Power consumption no more than 40 W. The volume of the paint injection tank is 16 l. Cable and hose length 10 m. Weight 80 kg. |
||
|
Kilovoltmeter S-100 |
|||
|
Microammeter |
|||
|
Combined device type Ts-437 |
|||
|
Thermometer type MOV-4 |
|||
|
Megger type ITP-1 |
|||
|
Device PUS-1 |
|||
|
Quality factor meter E-4-4 |
|||
|
Viscometer VZ-4 |
|||
|
Stopwatch |
|||
|
Thermometer |
|||
|
Psychrometer |
|||
|
Paint sprayer SO-43 (SO-465) |
Capacity 50-600 m/h Air output 30 cubic meters/hour. Air pressure 0.1-0.5 MPa Weight 0.645 kg. |
||
|
Galvanized bucket |
|||
|
Semi-pack mesh |
Rice. 1. Workplace organization diagram for painting metal structures
electrostatic installation UREG-1 at the painting station
I - unit for preparing coloring compositions and primers; II - staining unit; III - storage unit
1 - containers for paint and solvent; 2 - paddle mixer; 3 - compressor SO-7A; 4 - exhaust ventilation; 5 - exhaust grille in the floor; 6 - product to be painted; 7 - crane beam; 8 - metal structures warehouse; 9 - spray gun REG-1; 10 - trolley for transporting metal structures; 11 - UREG-1 installation
Rice. 2 . Scheme of workplace organization when painting metal structures on a production line
1 - ventilated painting chamber; 2 - drying chamber; 3 - product to be painted; 4 - chain conveyor; 5 - compressed air line; 6 - flask with ready-made painting composition; 7 - hydraulic lift with a working platform; 8 - connection fitting air hose; 9 - UREG-1 installation; 10 - spray gun REG-1
Rice. 3. Scheme of organizing a workplace when painting metal structures in an open area
1 - platform for the location of metal structures; 2 - grounding device; 3 - product to be painted; 4 - electrical component; 5 - installation UREG-1; 6 - compressed air line; 7 - cable line for power supply; 8 - hoses for supplying compressed air and electricity; 9 - spray gun REG-1; 10 - floor ventilation grates throughout the painting area; 11 - metal goats-supports.
I. Scope of the card
1. The technological map has been developed for the production of internal painting works in one area of a residential building being overhauled multi-storey building with brick walls with a total area of 610 m.
2. The volumes and types of painting work of improved quality on one grip are given below.
3. When linking the map to specific repair conditions, the scope of work, mechanization means, calculation of labor costs, process schedule and technical and economic indicators are specified.
|
Name of works |
Unit | ||
|
Preparation of surfaces plastered for adhesive and oil painting | |||
|
Preparation of wooden surfaces for oil painting: | |||
|
plank floors | |||
|
metal pipes | |||
|
radiators | |||
|
Adhesive painting on plaster: | |||
|
ceilings | |||
|
Oil painting on plaster: | |||
|
plank floors | |||
|
metal pipes | |||
|
radiators |
II. Organization and technology of the construction process
1. Before starting painting work, the following work must be completed:
a) all sanitary systems and devices, as well as the lighting network and low-current wiring, have been installed and tested;
b) all work on the installation of floors and roofing has been completed, regardless of the number of floors of the building;
c) the plaster is dried;
d) clean plank floors were laid, baseboards were nailed, trim, handrails and window sill boards were installed;
e) window fillings, transoms and light-colored doors are glazed;
f) to carry out painting work in winter conditions, a central heating system must be installed and operating.
2. The preparation of painting semi-finished products is organized in a mechanized manner in the central painting and procurement workshop. In the absence of centralized painting workshops, a mobile painting station is used to prepare painting compositions (Fig. 1) or an on-site painting workshop is set up.
Rice. 1. Mobile painting station 1 - hose; 2 - vibrating sieve; 3, 12 - paint grinders; 4, 11 - emulsifier pump; 5 - electric mixer; 6 - rotary mill; 7 - electric column; 8 - dosing tanks for water and drying oil; 9 - inventory container; 10 - electric mixer; 13 - vibrating sieve; 14 - compressor.
3. Putty is applied to the surface of the walls using a mechanized method (Fig. 2).
Rice. 2. Spray gun designed for applying putty compounds 1 - head; 2 - nozzle; 3 - needle for regulating the supply of putty; 4 - trigger; 5 - fitting for the air supply hose; 6 - fitting for supplying putty
4. Putties, oil primers, oil, varnish and synthetic paint compositions are transported from the painting and procurement workshop to the workplace in cans.
5. Painting work is carried out using a mechanized method (Fig. 3.) and is organized on units assigned section by section from top to bottom (by floor). Each job is assigned to a specific team (team) of painters, who are responsible for the quality of the work performed and the consumption of materials.
Rice. 3. Installation diagram of the compressor painting unit
1 - electric compressor; 2 - air hose; 3 - paint injection tank; 4 - fabric hose; 5 - spray gun; 6 - receiver; 7 - water-oil separator; 8 - electric motor.
Oil painting of panels and walls, door panels is done using rollers with pneumatic supply of the finished paint composition (Fig. 4.). Oil painting of surfaces above 1.8 m from the finished floor level is carried out from inventory scaffolding.
Rice. 4. Rollers with mechanized supply of coloring compounds
a - rod-roller; 1 - fur roller; 2 - sprinkler; 3 - brass tube; b - T-shaped roller (general view with a set of equipment for mechanical supply of the coloring composition)
6. Painting work in the section is performed by a team of painters of four people: 5th category - 1 person, 4th category - 1 person, 3rd category - 2 people:
the preparation of plastered surfaces for adhesive and oil painting is carried out by a team consisting of two people - a painter of 4 and 2 categories; they whitewash the ceilings and walls;
oil painting of walls and doors is carried out by the second link of two people - a painter of 5 and 2 categories.
7. The schedule of work performed, calculation of labor costs and the required material and technical resources were drawn up for painting work with a total area of 610 m2.
8. Requirements for the quality of work:
a) painting work when painting with adhesive and oil compositions should be carried out when the moisture content of the plaster or concrete before painting is not higher than 8%, and the moisture content of the wood of the painted parts is not higher than 12%;
b) surfaces painted with adhesive paints should not stain or change Color tone; surfaces must have the same tone and careful shading; Spots, stripes, drips, splashes, brush hairs, and chalking are not allowed;
c) surfaces painted with oil, enamel and varnish compositions must have a uniform texture; The following are not allowed: transmission of underlying layers of paint, stains, wrinkles, drips, omissions, pieces of film, uneven putty and brush marks; local curvature of lines and shading with improved quality of work should not exceed 2 mm,
9. When carrying out interior painting work, the following safety rules must be observed:
a) when deleting the old one oil paint on the surfaces of walls and streams with open flame devices ( blowtorches etc.) continuous ventilation of the premises must be ensured.
Interior painting work using compounds that emit volatile vapors harmful to human health should be carried out with open windows or mechanical ventilation providing at least two air changes per hour. People are not allowed to stay in rooms freshly painted with oil or nitro compounds for more than 4 hours.
Painting work indoors using nitro paints and nitro putty should be carried out with four air changes per hour;
b) when performing painting work using pneumatic devices, as well as quick-drying paints and varnishes containing volatile solvents, workers are supplied with respirators and safety glasses;
c) in rooms where painting with aqueous compositions is carried out, the electrical wiring must be de-energized during painting work;
d) it is prohibited to use lead white separately and as a component of paints, as well as benzene and leaded gasoline as solvents;
e) when cooking or heating drying oil and its substitutes, as well as rosin, it is prohibited to fill the container more than? its volume and add volatile solvents to the container without removing it from the heat;
f) painting workshops and units in which putties, mastics, primers, tinting and other compositions for painting are prepared are equipped with ventilation that provides at least four air changes per hour.
TYPICAL TECHNOLOGICAL CARD (TTK)
PAINTING WORKS. PREPARATION OF INTERNAL WALLS AND PARTITIONS FOR PAINTING
1 AREA OF USE
1.1. A standard technological map (hereinafter referred to as TTK) was developed for the preparation of plastered or concrete surfaces of internal walls and partitions for painting during the construction of a residential building.
1.2. The standard technological map is intended for use in the development of work production projects (WPP), construction organization projects (COP), other organizational and technological documentation, as well as for the purpose of familiarizing workers and engineers with the rules for the production of work on preparing internal walls for painting.
1.3. The purpose of creating the presented TTK is to provide a recommended scheme for the technological process of preparatory work.
1.4. When linking a standard technological map to a specific object and construction conditions, production schemes, volumes of work, labor costs, mechanization means, materials, equipment, etc. are specified.
1.5. Preparation of internal walls for painting is carried out on the basis of the work project, working drawings and working technological maps regulating the means of technological support and execution rules technological processes during the execution of work.
1.6. Regulatory framework for the development of technological maps are: SNiP, SN, SP, GESN-2001 ENiR, production standards for material consumption, local progressive standards and prices, labor cost standards, material and technical resource consumption standards.
1.7. Working technological maps are reviewed and approved as part of the PPR by the head of the general contracting construction and installation organization, in agreement with the customer’s organization, the customer’s technical supervision and the organizations that will be in charge of the operation of this building.
1.8. The use of TTK helps to increase labor productivity, reduce labor costs, improve the organization and quality of work, reduce costs and reduce construction duration, perform work safely, organize rhythmic work, rational use labor resources and machines, as well as reducing the development time for project planning and unification of technological solutions.
1.9. The work performed sequentially when preparing the surfaces of internal walls for painting includes the following technological operations:
Surface cleaning;
Smoothing the surface and leveling the walls;
Joining cracks;
Primer;
Grease;
Dust removal of the surface.
1.10. Work in progress all year round and are carried out in one shift. The working hours during a shift are:
where 0.828 is the coefficient of use of power tools over time during a shift (time associated with preparing the tool for work, and carrying out ETO - 15 minutes, breaks associated with organization and technology production process and operator rest - 10 minutes every hour of work).
1.11. Work should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the following regulatory documents:
SNiP 12-01-2004. Organization of construction;
SNiP 12-03-2001. Occupational safety in construction. Part 1. General requirements;
SNiP 12-04-2002. Occupational safety in construction. Part 2. Construction production;
SNiP 3.03.01-87. Load-bearing and enclosing structures;
SNiP 3.04.01-87 Insulating and finishing coatings.
2. TECHNOLOGY AND ORGANIZATION OF WORK
2.1. In accordance with SNiP 12-01-2004 “Construction Organization”, before the start of preparing plastered or concrete internal walls for painting, the subcontractor must, according to an act, accept the erected internal walls and partitions from the general contractor.
2.2. Before starting work on preparing internal walls for painting, organizational and preparatory measures must be carried out in accordance with SNiP 12-01-2004 “Construction Organization”, including the following:
Keep the workplace clear of debris and foreign objects;
Provide materials, devices and tools to the workplace in the quantities necessary for the work;
Arrange lighting for the work area;
Perform fencing of openings stairwells and along the perimeter of the building;
Appoint a person responsible for the quality and safety of work;
Instruct team members on safety precautions and familiarize them with the working flow chart for finishing the surfaces of internal walls;
7.6. The person responsible for the safe performance of work is obliged to:
Familiarize workers with the work flow chart for signature;
Monitor the good condition of tools, mechanisms and devices;
Instruct about special precautions required when operating scaffolding and scaffolding, supplying materials to workplaces;
Explain to employees their responsibilities and the sequence of operations.
7.7. When performing finishing work, it is necessary to take measures to prevent the impact of the following hazardous and harmful production factors on workers:
Increased dust and gas contamination of the air in the working area;
Sharp edges, burrs and roughness on the surfaces of finishing materials and structures;
Insufficient illumination of the work area.
7.8. Materials and products are stored taking into account their mass and ability to deform under the influence of the mass of the overlying load. They are laid in such a way that they do not interfere with the passage of workers. A working passage with a width of at least 60 cm is left between the stacks of materials and the wall. The gap between the wall and the working flooring of the scaffolding should not exceed 5 cm. To lift workers onto the scaffolding, stepladders with railings are installed.
7.9. The condition of all scaffold structures is systematically monitored. Every day after work is completed, the scaffolding is cleared of debris.
Admission of workers to carry out finishing work from scaffolding is permitted after inspection by a foreman or foreman together with the foreman of serviceability load-bearing structures scaffolding and fencing.
7.10. Only workers who have undergone special training are allowed to work with electrified tools.
7.11. When dry cleaning surfaces and other work involving the release of dust and gases, it is necessary to use respirators and safety glasses.
Workers engaged in finishing work must be provided with the following individual and collective protective equipment:
Safety footwear and workwear;
Latex gloves;
Cotton gloves;
To protect the eyes - open or closed glasses;
For respiratory protection - dust respirators RU-60MA, RPG-67A, ShB-1, "Lepestok".
7.12. Before starting work, machines and mechanisms used for preparing and mixing the solution are checked at idle speed. The housings of all mechanisms must be grounded, current-carrying wires are reliably insulated, and the starting switches are closed. When working with mechanisms and equipment, you must comply with the safety requirements provided for in the operating instructions for this equipment.
Persons who have undergone special training and passed occupational safety exams are allowed to operate machinery.
7.13. When performing finishing work, you should use inventory scaffolding and stepladders. Not allowed to use ladders, random means of scaffolding and carry out work in unfenced workplaces located at a height of more than 1.3 m above the ceiling.
7.14. Using finishing materials It is possible to generate a small amount of solid and liquid waste, which is collected in special containers and sent for destruction. The product is disposed of in the same way after the warranty period has expired. It is necessary to strictly observe the entire range of environmental protection measures.
7.15. If the solution gets on your skin, remove it with hand cleaner and rinse with water.
8. TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC INDICATORS
8.1. Work on finishing the internal walls is carried out by two units, numbering 4 people each.
8.2. Labor costs for finishing work are:
8.3. Output per worker per shift is 17.9 m.
9. REFERENCES USED
9.1. The TTK was compiled using regulatory documents as of 01/01/2009.
9.2. When developing the Standard Technological Map the following were used:
9.2.1. "Guidelines for the development and approval of technological maps in construction" to SNiP 3.01.01-85 * "Organization of construction production" (as amended by N 2 of 01.01.01 N 18-81), SNiP 12-01-2004 "Organization of construction ".
The electronic text of the document was prepared by Kodeks JSC
and verified according to the author's material.
