Reinforcement of concrete monolithic structures plastic materials is increasingly used in construction. This is due to such performance qualities as high strength, durability and lack of corrosion. The last circumstance is especially important when constructing hydraulic structures, bridges and foundations.
Manufacturers of building materials produce 5 types of composite plastic reinforcement:
- glass composite or fiberglass - ASC;
- carbon composite – AUK;
- basalt composite – ABK;
- aramidocomposite - AAC;
- combined – ACC.
From the name you can understand what material it is basic basis for the production of plastic fittings.
General description and manufacturing technology
Due to its low cost and good performance, fiberglass reinforcement is most widely used. Its strength is slightly lower than other composites, but the cost savings justify its use. For its production use:
- staple fiberglass;
- epoxy thermosetting resins as a binder;
- special polymer additives to increase strength and improve other characteristics.
Composite fiberglass reinforcement for foundations can have a smooth or corrugated surface. According to the manufacturing technology, bundles of the required diameter are first formed from fiberglass and impregnated with epoxy resin. Afterwards, to obtain a corrugated variable cross-section, the surface of the smooth rod is wrapped in a spiral with a cord, which is also woven from fiberglass. Then the resulting blanks are polymerized in an oven at high temperature and, after cooling, cut into straight sections or wound into coils.
Specifications
The production of periodic profiles and technical characteristics of fiberglass reinforcement are regulated by GOST 31938-2012. The standard defines:
- types of plastic fittings depending on the materials used;
- nominal diameters ranging from 4 to 32 mm;
- the length of straight rods is from 0.5 to 12 meters;
- possibility of supplying materials in coils with a diameter of up to 8 mm inclusive;
- markings and symbols;
- quality control methods;
- storage and transportation rules.
Characteristics of types of composite reinforcement. The weight of the material depends on the size cross section and can range from 0.02 to 0.42 kg/m.
Weight of plastic fittings. Data on ultimate strength and elasticity given in GOST show that these parameters exceed the characteristics of rolled steel with the same diameters. This allows the use of polymer reinforcement in particularly critical structures or when it is necessary to reduce the cross-sections of reinforcing materials.
Area and method of application
Plastic reinforcement is a modern alternative to rolled metal. The identical shape of the rods allows its use using technology similar to steel. A reinforcement frame made of composite plastic reinforcement is formed in the form of a flat mesh or spatial structure designed to strengthen and increase the strength of reinforced concrete monoliths.
Polymer reinforcing materials are used in the construction of roads, bridges, hydraulic structures, columns, walls, ceilings, foundations and other monolithic structures.
The main load falls on the longitudinal rods of the structure. They have a larger cross-section and are located at a distance of no more than 300 mm from each other. Vertical and cross members can be located at a distance of 0.5-0.8 m. The connection of individual rods at intersections is carried out using polymer ties or knitting wire. The joining of individual rods on one horizontal line is carried out with an overlap.
Advantages of plastic fittings
When comparing composite rods with metal rods (we have already carried out a comparison in this article), a number of pros and cons of plastic reinforcement are clearly identified. These include:
- reducing the weight of the reinforcement frame by 5-7 times;
- higher strength, allowing the diameter of the rods to be reduced;
- corrosion resistance and chemicals in the composition of concrete;
- easy installation and high speed assemblies of reinforcing frames;
- simplified technology for creating round and oval structures;
- excellent dielectric and thermal insulation properties;
- ease of transportation.
In addition, it should be noted that the length of rods for materials supplied in coils is unlimited, as well as simple cutting of blanks of the required length.
Reinforcement made on the basis of fiberglass is 20-30% inferior in strength to other composites, but is significantly cheaper. Therefore, such material is in higher demand in construction.
Flaws
Among the main disadvantages of composite reinforcing materials, experts call:
- low maximum temperature of use, not exceeding 60-70°C;
- poor mechanical stability under lateral loads;
- the impossibility of bending with a small angle of curvature and the need to use special elements.
It should be noted that there is no regulatory framework on the use of polymers for concrete reinforcement and, often, unreliable technical data from the material manufacturer. This makes calculations difficult and forces structures to be assembled with a safety margin.
Technology of foundation reinforcement with composite materials
The low weight of plastic reinforcement for the foundation simplifies the process of assembling a reinforcement frame of any design. At the same time, due to the increased strength of the material, the cross-sectional diameter is taken one number less than for metal analogues.
The technological process of installing concrete monolithic structures using polymer rods consists of the following stages:
- installation of formwork and marking the level of pouring concrete mixture;
- assembly and installation of the reinforcing frame;
- pouring concrete into formwork;
- removal of formwork panels.
Work on the installation of reinforced monolithic structures must be carried out in accordance with accepted design solutions. The deck configuration must fully correspond to the size and shape of the foundation. As formwork material, you can use standard factory-made panels, boards, moisture-resistant plywood or chipboard. For permanent formwork Expanded polystyrene sheets are most often used.
After assembling and securing the formwork panels, they inside, using a water level, make marks for the upper limit of pouring the concrete mixture. This will reduce the time it takes to complete the job and help distribute the concrete more evenly.
Spatial reinforcing frame for strip foundation
The foundation reinforcement scheme, laying and rod diameter are always indicated in the project. The use of composite reinforcement, especially those based on carbon fiber, makes it possible to reduce the diameter of the rods by one size. The laying of the material must exactly correspond to the calculated data. The frame is assembled on a level area.
The work begins with cutting the workpieces. To do this, pieces of the required length are unwound from the coil and placed on stands at a height of 35-50 mm above the support pad or ground. After this, the transverse jumpers are laid according to the drawing, and at the intersections they are tied with wire or ties. In this way, the bottom row of the spatial reinforcement frame will be assembled.
At the next stage, it is necessary to assemble a lattice completely similar to the first one, lay it on top and then cut the vertical posts to the designed length. The first post is tied at the corner of the flat gratings, the second at the adjacent intersection, as a result, a spatial structure is gradually formed. If there are more horizontal rows, then the second grid is fixed on required height, and then the next one is fixed. The vertical post in this case is one whole segment.
When assembling the frame, it is necessary to remember that the ends of the reinforcing bars should be located at a distance of 35-50 mm from the formwork. This will create a protective layer of concrete and increase the service life of the structure. For this purpose, it is very convenient to use special plastic clamps.
Plastic fasteners. It is necessary to pour a sand-crushed stone cushion at the bottom of the trench and compact it well. After this, it is recommended to cover the sand layer with geotextile or waterproofing material. This will prevent moisture from entering the concrete and the germination of weeds.
Horizontal reinforcement of slab foundations
When pouring foundations slab type horizontal reinforcement technology is used. Her main feature consists in the absence of turning and adjacent sections. Usually these are two grids located one above the other from long straight rods and vertical posts.
All work is carried out on site. First, according to the design drawing, the lower mesh is knitted, and the upper mesh is laid on top of it. After this, vertical posts are installed, as described for strip structures. The lower mesh must be installed on stands.
Pouring concrete onto a plastic reinforcement frame
Technologically, pouring a concrete mixture is no different from work using steel reinforcement. However, given the lower strength of the material under lateral radial impact, compaction with a vibrator should be done carefully so as not to damage the integrity of the plastic rods.
Fiberglass reinforcement has many advantages - it is light, durable, and not subject to corrosion, which is why it is actively used in construction. However, this material also has certain disadvantages, which are usually not critical, but they still need to be taken into account. They somewhat limit the scope of use of this material. Let's take a closer look at the disadvantages of fiberglass reinforcement.
1. Insufficient heat resistance
Despite the fact that the fiberglass fabric underlying the reinforcement is very heat-resistant, the connecting plastic component cannot withstand high temperatures. It doesn't this material flammable - in terms of flammability, this reinforcement corresponds to group G1 - self-extinguishing materials, but at temperatures exceeding 200 ° C, it begins to lose its strength qualities. Therefore, if fire resistance requirements are imposed on concrete structures for any reason, fiberglass reinforcement cannot be used for them. So, fiberglass reinforcement can only be used in those construction areas where high-temperature heating is completely excluded. It is worth noting that this is quite applicable to any housing construction and to most industrial construction.
It is also worth noting the low fire resistance: if the temperature reaches 600°C, concrete frame practically remains without reinforcement. Consequently, such fittings cannot be used in fire hazardous areas.
2. Low modulus of elasticity
Due to the low modulus of elasticity, fiberglass reinforcement bends easily. If during manufacture road slabs and this does not in any way interfere with foundations, then when installing floors, special calculations will be required. But at the same time, the elasticity turns out to be sufficient to prevent curvilinear elements from being bent from the reinforcement, so such parts are bent under production conditions.
3. Other disadvantages
Over time, the strength of fiberglass reinforcement decreases, and under the influence of substances having alkaline reaction, it is destroyed. However, a technology has emerged in which rare earth metals are leached from fiberglass, and it becomes insensitive to alkali.
Many consider the disadvantage of fiberglass reinforcement to be the impossibility of joining by welding, although they now prefer to knit metal reinforcement.
Conclusions:
Thus, the disadvantages somewhat reduce the scope of its application, but for mass use for construction purposes they are not at all a hindrance.
2. Low modulus of elasticity
The emergence of new technologies on the market is usually accompanied by widespread advertising of the positive and unique qualities of a particular product. Plastic reinforcement made of fiberglass appeared not so long ago, but during this time users have identified many negative properties of the material, and in some cases dispelled myths about the stated advantages.
When choosing between fiberglass and metal, you should take into account the real performance qualities of the material, which will be discussed.
Low modulus of elasticity
Expert opinion indicates that plastic reinforcement inferior to metal in terms of tensile strength. This is due to the low elasticity threshold, which entails deformation of the rods during operation.
Here we should remember the primary function of reinforcement. In essence, it is a fastening frame, protecting the concrete structure from tension. Being in a normal state without external loads, both metal reinforcement and fiberglass rods do not stretch.
However, concrete has a much lower modulus of elasticity, that is, susceptibility to deformation in the form of tension, and this creates stress on the reinforcement. Respectively, fiberglass is more susceptible to this pressure, which reduces its effectiveness as a concrete fastening element.
Insufficient heat resistance
Although the material has sufficient protection from the effects of fire and is self-extinguishing, such fittings Can only be used in environments with limited thermal exposure thresholds.
According to various estimates, the loss of performance qualities of the composite begins within 300-400 °C. The threshold of 600 °C is critical, but concrete itself is not able to withstand such impacts.
In particular, the reinforcement loses strength, its fibers can delaminate as the process of destruction of the connecting components begins. But it is worth noting that this restriction does not apply to most residential properties. It is worth carrying out design calculations regarding the resistance of fiberglass reinforcement to thermal effects in cases where construction of industrial and production facilities is planned, in which high-temperature heating is assumed.
Elimination of welded joints
Expert opinion is unanimous on this issue. Fiberglass rods must not be connected using welding machines . Therefore, builders have to evaluate the possibility of using alternative means of forming a strong reinforcing frame.
For those who are also looking optimal ways, how to knit plastic reinforcement for the foundation, it is worth considering two options:
There is another approach to forming compounds. He assumes equipping fiberglass rods steel pipes at the ends. Actually, these complementary elements are subsequently fastened together by welding.
The myth of equivalent substitution
Among the first points devoted to positive properties fiberglass reinforcement, manufacturers note high strength. One cannot argue with this, but negative reviews of plastic reinforcement for foundations also affect its other qualities, in totality of characteristics cannot be an equal replacement for metal. Moreover, statements about equivalent replacement do not correspond to reality, both positively and negatively.
Expert opinion confirms that, in terms of strength criteria, metal reinforcement can be replaced by a fiberglass analogue with a smaller diameter. It would seem that such disparity is even a plus. But, if you take a comprehensive approach to assessing the performance properties of a material, you will find serious imbalances.
For example, 8 mm fiberglass reinforcement will provide the necessary structural strength, but the same modulus of elasticity will negate this advantage. As a result, in terms of the totality of qualities, replacing fiberglass rods with 12 mm metal reinforcement will not benefit, providing sufficient reliability to the foundation.
Difficulty of processing
The strength of the material caused a disadvantage in the form inability to bend the rods on the construction site. This operation can only be performed in the factory on special machines. Therefore, when planning the construction of a foundation, it is recommended to initially calculate the functionality that plastic reinforcement has for strip foundation, having agreed with the manufacturer to carry out additional operations on processing.
So, in addition to making bends, it is worth considering the possibility of supplying the rods with the mentioned pipes for subsequent welding.
Scientific progress does not stand still. This also applies to the construction manufacturing sector. Every day more and more alternatives to outdated products appear on the building materials market. The same is true with steel reinforcement. IN last years A product such as composite reinforcement is gaining popularity. This fitting comes in three types: fiberglass, basalt-plastic And carbon fiber. Depending on the type, it is based on either glass, carbon, basalt, or aramid fibers and polymer binders in the form of resins. Externally, it consists of plastic rods with special technological ribs (like steel reinforcement) or a sand coating.
Ribs and sand are applied to the surface to improve the adhesion of the reinforcement to the concrete. The technological process and characteristics of composite reinforcement have been known for many years. But, despite this and the bold statements of manufacturers that it is more durable than steel reinforcement, yet the leadership remains with steel. Is it possible that it will replace steel and is it as good as the manufacturers praise it? This question can be answered only by considering all the pros and cons of composite reinforcement. 
Advantages of composite reinforcement
Resistance to aggressive environments. The most important advantage of all types of composite reinforcement is biological and chemical resistance. This fittings are neutral to the effects of microorganisms and their metabolic products. It is also neutral to water and highly resistant to various alkalis, acids and salts. This allows it to be used in those areas of construction where steel reinforcement shows poor resistance in these parameters.
Such areas may include: coastal fortifications, bridge construction, road construction(where the impact of anti-ice reagents occurs), concrete works V winter time, when in concrete mixture Various plasticizing, frost-resistant and hardening-accelerating additives are added.
Relatively light weight. Compared to steel reinforcement, composite reinforcement weighs four to eight times less, which helps save on transportation costs and unloading and loading. In addition, due to the low weight, concrete structures are also lighter, which is important for large scales and volumes of work.
Dielectricity and radiotransparency. Since plastic fittings are a dielectric, this allows you to avoid emergency situations and losses of electricity due to faulty wiring. Also, composite reinforcement does not interfere with radio waves, which is important in the construction of commercial and other types of buildings. 
Long service life. Due to its composition and structure, as well as resistance to aggressive environments, the service life of composite reinforcement is very long. To date, a record of forty years has been recorded. Manufacturers claim that it can last 150 years or more, but since composite reinforcement has been used in construction relatively recently, it is not yet possible to verify this.
Ease installation work . Due to its elasticity, composite reinforcement is twisted into small coils (with a diameter of just over one meter, depending on the cross-section of the reinforcement), which, combined with its low weight, allows it to be transported to passenger car. In addition, installation work can be successfully carried out by one person, since the technology for assembling structures is relatively simple.
Strength. The tensile strength of composite reinforcement is much higher than that of steel. With the same rod diameters, composite reinforcement can withstand longitudinal loads 3-4 times greater than steel reinforcement.
No length restrictions. Due to its elasticity, plastic reinforcement can be twisted into coils of 50, 100 or more meters. While maximum size steel reinforcement is usually limited to 12 meters.
Disadvantages of composite reinforcement
- Poor bending performance. Composite reinforcement has a modulus of flexibility that is three to four times less than steel reinforcement, which can lead to deformation concrete structures and the formation of cracks. In addition, due to its high elasticity, it is not intended for the manufacture of bent structures (for example, foundation corners).
- Small range of sizes. Due to limited use, composite reinforcement is produced in a smaller variety of diameters than steel reinforcement. The range of produced sections is limited to sizes from 4 to 32 millimeters.
- Limited types of installation work. Installation of structures is carried out only by tying with wire or plastic ties. While steel reinforcement can also be welded.
- Low thermal resistance. At temperatures above 100-120 degrees, composite reinforcement begins to melt and loses all its properties. Therefore, in case of fires in such buildings, their further operation can be dangerous.
- Lack of sufficient documentation and regulatory framework. Although there are GOSTs for composite reinforcement, in most SNiPs, calculations for composite reinforcement are either poorly represented or absent altogether.
- Increased fragility with negative temperatures. Even at low subzero temperatures, composite reinforcement becomes more fragile.
conclusions
Composite reinforcement has a number of advantages and can be successfully used in many areas of construction. But a number of significant disadvantages do not allow it to completely replace steel reinforcement.
Fiberglass reinforcement represents construction material, created based on related complex composition fibers It is produced on the basis of basalt, glass and carbon fiber, and they can be combined. However, basalt-plastic reinforcement and fiberglass are considered the most popular.
What is it made of?
It consists of two parts. The first is the trunk, thanks to which the high strength of the material is achieved. The fibers are connected to each other polyester resins composite. The outer layer serves for reliable adhesion to concrete: it is a fibrous body that is wound around the trunk in a spiral. It is thanks to this composition that plastic fittings received positive reviews such as reliable material for construction. There are different variations of fitting models, some of which are quite unusual. Fiberglass is used to produce this construction reinforcement. Its peculiarity is that there are practically no analogues in the world, and positive traits significantly expand the scope of application. In addition, this material is modern and efficient, and therefore best suits the requirements of the construction process.
Any fiberglass reinforcement is based on two components. The first is the direct reinforcing material, the second is the binder (a mixture based on the ratio of these components - 75 to 25. In composite reinforcement, all mechanical loads fall on the reinforcing component, while the binder materials are a kind of matrix that evenly distributes load on the entire length of the rod and protects it from external influences.
The most common recipe can be considered the following: glass roving or basalt fiber acts as a reinforcing link; epoxy resin In addition, the material will include a hardener and an accelerator. However, there is no universal composition, since each manufacturer builds its own technological process.
What is the secret of popularity?
It must be said that compared to metal materials Plastic products are in much greater demand today. Moreover, plastic fittings are used in any construction process. This is achieved due to several qualities:
- Resistance to corrosion, aggressive environments, including the alkaline environment of concrete. Unlike metal, plastic does not rust or break down. These qualities contribute to the fact that plastic structures are widely used in the construction of berths and fencing structures on water bodies.
- Reliability and strength, which plastic products more than steel ones. It is their reliability that allows them to be used in construction building structures for different purposes and volumes.
- High tensile strength.
- Lightness of fittings: for example, compared to the steel variety, plastic is five times less in weight and 11 times less in diameter. These indicators indicate that you can save on construction work, as well as on transporting the material to the site.
- Low thermal conductivity, due to which cold does not penetrate into the premises. It is no coincidence that plastic reinforcement for foundations is increasingly being used: during its construction it is possible to achieve high energy efficiency through economical materials.
- Resistant to radio waves.
- Possibility of application in various temperature conditions: from -70 to +100 degrees.
- Cost: buy linear meter plastic fittings will be much cheaper compared to, for example, a one-meter piece of metal rod.
Features of composite fiberglass
Composite fiberglass reinforcement appeared on the domestic market not so long ago and today is considered new technology. Such plastic fittings also received good reviews, since they have a number of advantages compared to their metal counterparts. Firstly, such structures are light in weight, so there will not be too much load on the foundation, which means the building will last much longer. Secondly, due to its high tensile strength, such reinforcement can be used for the construction of objects with complex design features. Third, composite material resistant to aggressive environments and does not conduct electric current.
On the other hand, composite plastic reinforcement has a weaker elastic modulus compared to steel products. The elasticity is lost especially strongly when the composite is heated to 600 degrees. But on the other hand, it is precisely this characteristic that speaks in favor of the fact that plastic reinforcement has also been used for foundation installation, where tensile strength is very important.
Where are composites needed?
- In floor slabs: as a rule, reinforcement is laid in the upper or lower zone of concrete, and the concrete class should be B25.
- When reinforcing structures made of concrete and reinforced concrete.
- When constructing foundations that have a zero elevation.
- In reinforced structures that are exposed to aggressive environments.
- At repair work associated with damage to concrete due to exposure to aggressive environments.
- For reinforcing brickwork, especially if it is done in winter.
Where is fiberglass reinforcement used?
The scope of application of this building material is extensive:
- Due to its tensile strength, it is advisable to use fiberglass specifically for the construction of foundations for objects. Firstly, installation will be simple. Secondly, the base will be strong. Plastic reinforcement for foundations receives positive reviews due to the fact that it allows you to create a monolithic foundation. It is placed directly into concrete mortar during the pouring process, due to which the adhesion of the materials becomes stronger. To prevent the formation of pores and cavities at the joint, specialists use special vibration equipment.
- When installing high voltage power lines. Since the material does not conduct current, energy will be lost minimally, and its operation will be safe.
- Plastic fittings receive positive reviews from builders due to their versatility. Thus, it can be used to strengthen the strength of road surfaces, supports, and bridges.
- Composite materials form the basis for the production of sleepers. Due to the intense vibration that causes concrete to disintegrate, it was necessary new material, and fiberglass reinforcement became the right and effective solution.
- The metal is not resistant to aggressive environments, high humidity, solvents and acids, respectively, its service life is not very long. Fiberglass used in the construction of docks, berths, and various barriers on coastline, shows the best performance characteristics.
- Plastic reinforcement is also used in mine equipment when securing a special mesh, which protects the walls and vaults of the mine from collapse and secures them.
- You cannot do without this material when attaching insulating or facing material on the finished wall.
Types of fiberglass reinforcement
Today, plastic reinforcement is used more and more often in construction, due to its unique characteristics. In addition, today composite reinforcement refers to a whole range of non-metallic structures, which significantly expand the scope of their application. So, modern manufacturers They offer fiberglass and basalt plastic reinforcement. At the same time, the polymer resins that bind the fibers can be a variety of substances, each of which has its own characteristics.
Any building material is used based on certain rules and requirements. This also applies to composite reinforcement. Plastic reinforcement, the characteristics of which are so diverse, is used in construction based on SNiP approved back in 2003. By the way, each type of material is controlled by the manufacturer, and therefore the fittings must comply with the parameters that were originally stated.
Foundation reinforcement: how to choose?
Today, in private housing construction, plastic reinforcement for foundations is increasingly used. Experts advise that when choosing it, contact official dealers and reliable manufacturers, since the strength and durability of the building as a whole will depend on the quality of the material. The quality of the product, as well as the density of glass roving winding along the entire length of the rod, play a big role. The coils must also be filled with high quality. Materials good quality- this is the most optimal choice when equipping any foundation - slab, strip or columnar. The type should be chosen depending on the bearing capacity of the soil, as well as the load on the building as a whole.
Foundation reinforcement is necessary in order to make the loads on the base of the building more uniform during operation. Concrete has compressive strength, but its structural integrity can be compromised by stress. It is with the help of reinforcement that greater adhesion to concrete is achieved, and accordingly, the foundation becomes stronger and more reliable. The main requirements when choosing fittings should be the following:
- ensuring rigid adhesion to concrete;
- durability;
- flexibility;
- resistance to rust and corrosion.
The fittings can be working, that is, reducing voltage and external loads, as well as distributive, when the load is evenly distributed on each rod - this helps maintain the correct location of the working rods. Using clamps, the rods are tied into a frame, protecting the concrete from cracking. Transverse rods protect against the occurrence of inclined cracks in the foundation, and longitudinal rods protect against vertical cracks.
Slab foundation
When constructing this type of foundation, you need reinforcement with a ribbed surface with a diameter of at least 10 mm. It is the diameter that affects how strong the reinforcement will be. Plastic reinforcement for the foundation, reviews of which are so good, should be selected depending on the type of soil. Let’s say, on non-heaving and dense, that is, with good bearing capacity and resistance to deformation, thickness and diameter can be small. If the house is massive, but on soft soil, the reinforcement should be thicker - approximately 14-16 mm. With this option, the reinforcement of the slab will be top and bottom, and the total number of rods will be more than 100. Knitting can be done in several ways. For example, first the reinforcement bars in the lower chord can be connected longitudinally and transversely, then vertical bars are attached to them, then again transversely and longitudinally. When tying fiberglass reinforcement, it makes sense to use plastic clamps and ties. This is the so-called tying of reinforcement with plastic clamps.
Strip foundation
Usually, strip base has a height greater than its width. Accordingly, the tape due small size It is prone to bending, and therefore when constructing such a foundation, reinforcement with a smaller diameter can be used. The peculiarity of this base is that two reinforcement belts will be needed regardless of its height. The process of laying reinforcement will be as follows: rods are laid longitudinally in the upper and lower parts of the foundation at a distance of up to 5 cm from the surface of the concrete - they will bear the entire load in case of deformation. Reinforcement with several bars can be used for weak or moving soil, as well as for the construction of oversized houses. Fiberglass reinforcement ideal for the construction of strip foundations is grades f6 and f7 (for one-story houses), grades f8 and f10 - for residential properties with an attic or two floors.
Columnar foundation
Plastic reinforcement is also good (reviews confirm this) when constructing this structure. When reinforcing columns, metal reinforcement with a diameter of 10 mm or fiberglass reinforcement 6 is useful. For vertical rods, it is better to choose reinforcement with a ribbed surface, and horizontal ones are needed only for tying the rods into a single frame. The reinforcement frame consists of 2-4 rods as long as the height of the pillar. For example, when reinforcing a pillar 2 meters high and 20 cm in diameter, you will need four f6 rods. They need to be placed 10 cm from each other, and also tied with smooth reinforcement with a diameter of f4 or f5. For any type of foundation, you will also need reinforcement for plastic pipes.
Features of reinforcement knitting
The foundation is an important component of any building; its quality and reliability are the guarantee that it will last a long time and serve reliably. The reinforcement of the base must be approached wisely. Let's look at how plastic reinforcement is knitted for a strip foundation, since this is what is used most often in private housing construction. Knitting is needed in order to make the structure of the reinforcement frame uniform and more durable. The rods are tied in the places where they intersect. A piece of wire is bent in the middle, then it is put on a special hook, which is applied to the reinforcement and tightened. A simpler method of knitting involves the use of plastic ties.
When creating a reinforcing system, plastic shut-off valves are important. Her main function- promote stronger and more reliable fastening of plastic rods to each other. The most popular parts in this regard are considered to be fasteners, which are special and help create a protective layer of a certain thickness in concrete. The plastic fixture for reinforcement is created by casting from polyethylene under high pressure. They are needed in order to securely fasten reinforcing bars and frames in space, which will provide a protective layer in a concrete or reinforced concrete structure. Clamps can be used for horizontal and vertical surfaces, as well as for creating formwork.
How are plastic fittings made?
When you decide to build your house, pay attention to many little things and start with building the foundation. Many people are interested in the question of where to buy plastic fittings. Experts advise turning to trusted companies, since the longevity of the structure itself depends on the foundation of the house, its quality and reliability. Equipment for the production of fittings is quite expensive, and the quality of the materials depends on its quality.
Plastic fittings, the production of which is carried out on high-tech equipment, can be produced in different diameters - 4-24 mm. Depending on the type of line, different numbers of bars will be produced, as well as different sections. As a rule, the delivery package includes a whole range of devices - from a thread heating device and an impregnation bath to a drawing device and a control cabinet. Therefore, plastic reinforcement equipment should be selected correctly to make the process efficient.
Plastic fittings: customer reviews
In their reviews, builders - experienced and not so experienced - agree on one thing: plastic reinforcement is simply ideal for installing a foundation. For example, some have used a combination of steel and plastic rods: foundation slabs and the basement walls were created on the basis of plastic, and the floors, where stronger materials were needed, were built on the basis of steel. Many also note the convenience of knitting compared to metal reinforcement, which is supplied in one rod. In terms of tensile strength and resistance to rotting, there is also no better plastic reinforcement.
But, on the other hand, it cannot do without negative reviews. True, judging by them, these shortcomings are more than offset by advantages. For example, there is an opinion that after working with fiberglass your hands itch. In addition, it is almost impossible to bend it to make, for example, corners in the form of the letters L or P. At the same time, the manufacturers themselves emphasize that fiberglass reinforcement should be used exclusively for foundation installation.
Steel or plastic: what to choose
For a beginner in construction, the choice of materials is always an important issue. For example, when designing a foundation, it is important to perform proper tying of reinforcement. Of course, in the case of building a bathhouse, you can use simple metal rods, but what to choose for a good-quality home? Today there is a choice between steel and plastic structures, each of which has its own distinctive features and disadvantages. If we talk about the advantages, they can be reduced to the following points:
As you can see, the advantages plastic variety still more. The disadvantages of steel include: the occurrence of corrosion and the large weight of the structure, while plastic reinforcement is only difficult to bend. Thus, in our own way technical specifications Fiberglass reinforcement is in no way inferior to steel, but it costs less. On the other hand, it is very important to remember about the peculiarities of building a particular house. For example, if you need to connect the facing material and the wall, you can use plastic-based reinforcement. But when installing concrete floors with reinforcement, it is better to use metal constructions, because due to their heavy weight they will not float up when pouring concrete. Thus, when choosing structures for reinforcement, it is worth considering several factors at once, which means that it is better to use professional help from specialists.
