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Dendrobiums are hybrid orchids. They are so beautiful that they are grown to decorate their homes and given as gifts instead of bouquets of cut flowers. In this article we will look at growing Dendrobium from seeds at home step by step, how to plant and propagate the flower.

Dendrobiums are hybrid orchids that are distinguished by their unique colored peduncles and interesting shape.

Types of dendrobiums and their differences

In the table we look at the types of dendrobiums and compare their differences:

Species name	Features of the plant	Description of leaves	Description of flowers
Dendrobium Parisha	The stems are fleshy, thickened at the nodes. They can be spread out or hanging down.	The leaves are oblong, lanceolate with a slightly cut off tip. Their endings are sharp.	Inflorescences are leafless. The diameter of pinkish or lilac flowers can exceed 9-10 cm. There are two dark purple spots at the base of the lip. The lip itself may be whitish or amethyst pink.
Phalaenopsis.	The stems are fleshy, erect, thickened towards the top. The lower part of the stem is leafless. The length of the peduncle is more than 60 cm.	The leaves are long, lanceolate.	The flowers are large. The petals are pinkish in color and the three-lobed lip is slightly darker.
Nobile. Another name is noble.	The stems are fleshy, erect, with small thickenings at their nodes.	The leaves are leathery and oblong in shape.	Flowers are located 2-3 on each peduncle. The shape of the petals is ovoid, and the sepals are oblong. The color of the petals is not uniform, but varies from the edges to the base.
Densely flowered.	The stems are tetrahedral, erect, and thickened in the upper part.	The leaves are narrow, ovate or lanceolate.	Petals yellow color. They have a round shape with finely cut edges. The lip is yellow-orange, pubescent.
Dendrobium King	The stems are rigid, cylindrical, thinning towards the top.	The leaves are lanceolate, up to 30 cm long. Their base is covered with a whitish film. They grow in the upper part of the shoots in groups of 3-4.	The flowers range in color from white to bright purple.
Lindley's Dendrobium	Stems are rounded-oblong, short up to 8-9 cm.	The leaves are leathery, oblong. They grow one on each stem.	The flowers are golden yellow and fragrant. The lip is pubescent.

Growing conditions: what does dendrobium need?

Caring for plants of this type depends on what stage of development the flower goes through. The most important thing is lighting:

Dendrobiums are very light-loving, so placing them on windows on the north or west side is not advisable, otherwise it will be necessary to provide additional lighting.
In the spring, when the air temperature at night does not drop below 7-8 degrees, you can take the plants out onto the balcony or loggia - flowers of this species really need fresh air. But when flowers are outside, they definitely need protection from the sun.

Dendrobiums have several variations of color colors, but they are all unique and inimitable in their own way.

Tip #1. You can understand to what extent dendrobiums are provided with light by the color of their leaves: if they are green, there is enough light, dark green color of the leaves indicates a lack of lighting, light green indicates its excess, and light yellow is a signal that the plant is on the verge of death from lack Sveta.

Knowing the characteristics of its growing season will help you properly care for the plant:

Active growth of the ground part is March-June.
Active growth of the root system is May-September.
The rest period is September-February.
Flowering time is February-May.

How and when to water potted plants

During active growth, dendrobiums need moisture, so they need to be watered abundantly during this period. But often this cannot be done: these plants naturally grow on trees, so their roots cannot remain in damp soil for a long time. Accordingly, the break between waterings should be such that during this time the soil dries completely. If you do not adhere to this rule, the root and stem will begin to rot and it will no longer be possible to save the flower.

Humidity and temperature

Concerning temperature regime– flowers of this species do not like either extreme heat or cold air. Optimal daytime indicators are +25 o C, and night indicators are not lower than +18-20 o C. If the room is hotter, the flower will simply stop growing. In autumn, when the difference between day and night temperatures becomes much more significant (about 10 degrees), dendrobiums that grow outdoors really need intense light.

Tip #2. You cannot change the position of the flower on the window - this will lead to the flower dropping its buds.

Dendrobium fertilizer: what and when to use

Flowers of this type are fed with fertilizers intended for orchids. Fertilizers are applied only during the growing season. For the first time - when flowering begins, and when young shoots stop growing - final feeding is carried out. For the first and final fertilizing, fertilizers are taken in half the volume.

Name	Release form	Application	Impact
"San Remo"	Spray	Designed for foliar application.	Stimulates and prolongs flowering. Helps flowers acquire a deep, rich shade.
"Effect"	Liquid	Designed for spraying plants	Helps improve immunity, stimulate long-term and lush flowering. Prevents leaves from drying out.
« Compo"	Spray	For spraying	Provides leaves good color, and the plant – strong growth. Increases resistance against diseases.
Agrecol	Liquid concentrate	Used for root feeding.	Helps plants develop harmoniously and bloom long and abundantly.
"Pokon"	Fertilizer with a balanced composition in sticks	For root feeding	Helps plants bloom long and abundantly.

Externally, the tops of dendrobiums are not quite similar to the tops of orchids, so this ornamental plant is often called a separate variety.

Soil preparation and transplantation features

Healthy plants do not need frequent repotting and do not like to be replanted. This can be done no more than once every 2-3 years. But sometimes there is a need to replant dendrobium more often. The reason for this is:

Root disease.
Poor condition of the substrate.
Strong root growth.

When preparing for transplantation, first prepare the container. Its size should be a couple of centimeters wider than the previous one. It is not at all necessary to use a transparent pot for planting. The substrate can be spruce bark. It needs to be chopped into small pieces. You can add a little to the bark charcoal and sphagnum.

Propagation of dendrobium at home

There are several ways to propagate flowers of this type:

Air offspring. They are formed on the pseudobulb.
Dividing the bush. The mother plant is divided into parts.
By cuttings. To do this, pseudobulbs are cut into pieces and placed in moss. When new roots appear, they are planted in the substrate. In order for cuts to heal faster, it is not recommended to water the pseudobulbs during the first two weeks, but you can only spray the air nearby.

Old pseudobulbs that no longer have leaves can also be used for propagation. To do this, they are placed in a greenhouse on damp moss. Over time, young shoots form on them, which are separated and rooted, placed in a container with water so that the shoot does not reach the water. After the roots appear, the plants are planted in pots.

Dendrobiums are grown for decorative purposes not only in small pots on windowsills, but also in massive containers on the floor in big houses and offices.

Problems when growing dendrobiums

Novice flower growers often have questions related to changing the appearance of a flower. How can I find out why this happened and how to correct the situation?

Manifestation	Reason for appearance	Ways to fix
The stems have shriveled	Occurs due to the growth of new shoots.	You don't need to do anything. This phenomenon is temporary and will go away on its own when the new shoots begin to feed on their own, and not from the mother plant.
The appearance of babies instead of flowers.	Flower buds develop into vegetative buds when watering is restored earlier than necessary.	Nothing can be corrected this season, but next year everything will be restored if the same mistake is not made.
No flowering	Occurs when the rest period is not observed or there is not enough light.	If the problem is related to non-compliance with vegetative rest, as in the previous case, it is impossible to correct everything this year.
Falling leaves.	If they fall lower leaves after flowering - this is a normal state. Dropping of the upper leaves is associated with disease.	Find out what specific disease caused the leaves to fall and apply appropriate remedies to eliminate it.
The pseudobulb turns yellow or turns brown.	These are signs of disease or decay	Apply remedies for the disease or, if it is rotting, replant the plant, clearing the pseudobulb of rot.
Young shoots are very thin.	This is fine. Young branches will gain volume only when their growth stops.	Continue proper care for plants.

Dendrobiums have similar requirements for care, pots, and so on as the ordinary orchid.

Dendrobium orchid: photos of species, names and descriptions

Genus dendrobium has more than 1000 species, the cylindrical stem of which grows from 40-90 cm. Lanceolate-shaped leaves are alternately located on the stem. Orchid peduncles consist of 1-4 flowers. The diameter of each of them is about 6-8 cm. Peduncles are located in the axil of almost every leaf. The color of the flowers can be white, lilac, orange, yellow, or even two or three colors.

Popular types of dendrobiums

Since there are so many types of dendrobium, it is simply impossible to determine which one is the most beautiful. Among gardeners, the most attractive for home grown are the following types:

Breeders have bred a large number of phalaenopsis dendrobium hybrids, which differ in the color of the inflorescences, as well as in the timing and duration of flowering.

Growing dendrobiums at home

Hybrid species of orchids bred by breeders are most adapted to indoor conditions. But even to grow them, you need to have experience in floriculture, or read the care instructions in detail.

Lighting and temperature conditions

Orchids are light-loving plants , so they need to free up a well-lit place without direct sun rays. Otherwise, the leaves of the plant may get burned. The best option for growing orchids is western and eastern windows. They need to be removed from the window sills of south-facing windows from the midday sun.

In late summer and autumn, orchids begin to ripen shoots, so they need the maximum amount of light. For this it is recommended to use additional lighting fluorescent lamps.

Required temperature conditions depends on the type of dendrobium:

Dendrobium phalaenopsis in summer period time loves high air temperatures, which can be up to +27C. You need to make sure that the temperature drops at night.
Dendrobium splendid and Dendrobium King can be moved outdoors in summer. The place chosen for them is bright, but protected from direct sunlight. In winter, orchids should be kept in a dry, cool place.
Dendrobium noble and other deciduous hybrids are transferred to a cool room with an air temperature of 10-14C from November to November. They return to their usual place only after new buds begin to grow.

During the period of active growth, almost all epiphytes love high temperatures up to +25C during the day, and about +20C at night.

Watering and air humidity

During the period of active growth, orchids need abundant watering. If the room is warm, then the plant is watered twice a week. The orchid soil should dry well before the next watering. The water needs to be drained from the pan 15 minutes after watering the plant. During this time, the flower will gain the missing moisture. If water remains in the pan for a long time, the roots of the plant may begin to rot.

Water for irrigation should be at room temperature, settled. During the dormant period, dendrobiums are watered symbolically, preventing the root system from drying out.

Orchids love high air humidity. To do this, they can be sprayed daily, doing this so that water does not get into the axils of the leaves. Otherwise, the trunk will begin to rot. Therefore, it is best to place a pot with a flower and a tray in a container with wet peat, expanded clay or moss.

Feeding dendrobiums

From April to September, that is, during the period of active growth, orchids are fed twice a month. For this purpose they are used special complex fertilizers for orchids. You need to dilute the fertilizer very carefully, since a strong concentration of the solution can burn the roots of the plant. Therefore, experienced gardeners recommend making the concentration twice as weak as indicated on the instructions.

Evergreen orchids, for example, Dendrobium phalaenopsis, are fed with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers in winter. Deciduous plants - nitrogen fertilizers no more than twice a month.

Features of transplantation

Transplantation of dendrobiums is very painful, so it is done no more than once every two to three years. Replanting should be done in the spring, when the plant begins to actively grow. It is recommended to use only special soil for epiphytic orchids. You can do it yourself prepare the earth mixture for transplanting dendrobium, taking for this:

peat soil;
sphagnum;
pine bark;
charcoal.

The pot for dendrobiums should be ceramic or plastic, but not transparent, which is only suitable for phalaenopsis. A drainage layer must be placed at the bottom of the pot.

Caring for dendrobium after flowering

As soon as the last flower on the orchid withers, the peduncle should be removed, watering should be gradually stopped, and the plant itself should be moved to a cool place.

With short daylight hours in winter, the dendrobium may stop growing, hibernate and freeze. The plant will not die, but it will develop and bloom much worse in the future. Therefore, in winter, it is recommended to illuminate orchids with a phytolamp.

If, nevertheless, the dendrobium has stopped growing, that is, “fell asleep,” it needs to be removed from heat sources and practically stopped watering. You should start watering the orchid only when it is new. the sprouts will stretch 2-3 cm, and take new roots.

In order for the dendrobium to bloom again in the spring, flower growers resort to some tricks in the winter season:

The plant is watered until new growth overtakes the old bulbs.
After this, the orchid is transferred to a cool room, and watering practically stops.
You need to start watering the plant again only after the buds that appear begin to open. Otherwise, instead of flowers, children will begin to grow.

Differences in day and night temperatures, which should be at least 5-7C, also have a good effect on flowering.

Dendrobium propagation

This type of orchid reproduces in two ways:

dividing the bush;
cuttings.

Dividing the bush

A large mature bush after flowering is usually transplanted into a new pot. At this time, it can be immediately divided. To do this, the flower is removed from the pot, cleaned of the earthen mixture and divided into parts.

The division must be done carefully. At first roots are unraveling, and then, with the help of a sharp and clean knife, what could not be untangled is cut off. Sections are processed garden varnish or crushed coal.

Each division should have 2-3 young sprouts and the same number of mature bulbs. Young shoots are planted in miniature separate containers, watered and placed in a well-lit place with an air temperature of about +22C.

Cuttings

Only deciduous species of dendrobium can be propagated using this method. Cuttings are cut from pseudobulbs, which are first separated from the mother bush. Each cutting should be about 10 cm in length. The cuts are treated with crushed coal or garden pitch.

Cuttings first placed in damp sphagnum moss, and after the roots appear, they can be planted in soil for orchids. In order for the cuttings to heal well, it is better not to water the cuttings for the first two weeks.

For better rooting, experienced gardeners place sphagnum moss together with sections of pseudobulbs in plastic bag with clasp. Two cuttings are placed in each such bag, which should be stored at a temperature of 22-25C in bright, diffused light. The packages are opened every day and the cuttings are ventilated. The first roots should appear within two to three weeks. A young dendrobium propagated by cuttings will bloom only after two to three years.

The recommendations written above are suitable for most types of dendrobiums. And yet, so that your pet makes you happy appearance and beautiful, long-lasting flowering, you should find out what species it belongs to and study the individual characteristics of caring for it.

Dendrobium Orchid

Many people are pleased with the luxurious beauty - the dendrobium orchid, which is easy to care for at home, but will delight the eye for a long time. Flower growers love it for its beauty and unpretentiousness, often planting beautiful flower at home or in a greenhouse.

Tree dweller

IN early XIX centuries, this beautiful and unusual flower from India came to Europe and immediately fell in love with flower growers. The orchid comes from Asia, where it grows high in the mountains - in the Himalayas, Southern China, and dendrobium is found in the mountainous regions of India, Thailand, Nepal, and Vietnam.

Dendrobium - “living on a tree”, that’s what the name means unusual plant. It's unusual, but it's true. An epiphyte flower does not require nutrient soil - it takes all the substances necessary for the development of the plant from environment. And he uses trees as support - after all, he has no solid soil under his roots. It is not easy to find an orchid in nature, but it is a frequent visitor on windowsills.

At the beginning of its growth, the orchid has straight shoots, similar to trunks, later they become lodging. Leaves are long, linear, elliptical. The shoots live for 2-4 years, can reach 1.5 m in length, then they die, become bare, and give life and development to daughter rosettes, which develop in the axils of the leaves.

Orchids do not cause allergies - this also explains their popularity among lovers of flowering plants in the home. Knowing how to care for a flowering plant at home, you can grow a beautiful flower.

Types of orchids

The most popular types of orchids, dendrobium, have long been chosen best places on the windowsills of lovers of flowering plants.

Dendrobium nobile (Dendrobium nobile), otherwise known as dendrobium nobile, is a Himalayan beauty, represented by different types of colors - flowers of white, pink, purple, brown and other shades often have a noticeable “lip” along the edges of a contrasting color.
Dendrobium phalaenopsis (Dendrobium phalaenopsis, moth dendrobium) is a native of New Guinea, Australia. Hybrid species painted pink, white, purple or Orange color. The most common type of orchid in indoor floriculture.
Dendrobium kinga. His homeland is New South Wales. A plant with small white or purple flowers located on the top of the shoots. At home, it requires special care - differences in day and night temperatures, and needs daily spraying.

Other less common orchid species in home greenhouses include the following:

Lindley's Dendrobium with yellow drooping clusters of flowers;
Dendrobium densely flowered - its yellow flowers have a pleasant aroma;
Dendrobium Parisha is a light-loving species with bright pink flowers.

Features of caring for orchids

Caring for dendrobium at home involves following several important rules:

correct lighting;
protection from direct sunlight;
protection from drafts.

The orchid loves light very much, so it is better to place it on windows facing south, southwest or southeast. The tropical flower does not like direct sunlight, so on a hot day it is better to shade the window by hiding the Asian whimsy behind a thin transparent curtain, such as tulle or organza. Periodically you need to turn the pot, exposing it to light different sides plants.

In summer, a flowerpot or flowerpot can be placed on a loggia, balcony, or in the open air. Optimal room temperature— +25ºС, at night it can be reduced to +15…+20ºС. The orchid loves the change in temperature from day to night.

The most important thing for good growth and blooming dendrobium orchids - sufficient lighting.

How to determine if a flower has enough light? To do this you need to use the following signs:

If the leaves of the plant are juicy, fleshy, and bright green, there is enough lighting for the flower.
If the orchid does not bloom, the leaves have darkened, lost their richness and shine - it does not have enough lighting.
If the leaves of your beauty have withered, turned yellow, or become light-colored, the flower signals an excess of sunlight, which can be detrimental to the dendrobium.

All types of orchids grown at home can be divided into several groups depending on what temperature they prefer:

Heat-loving. The optimal temperature during the day is +20...+25ºС, at night - +15...+20ºС.
Preferring coolness. The ideal summer temperature is +15…+18ºС during the day, +10…+12ºС at night.

During the cold season, the dendrobium is in a dormant period; for it, the optimal temperature will be in the range of +10...+15ºС.

Humidity and watering

Optimal level humidity for orchids at home is 40-60%. To maintain it, it is recommended to fill the tray with moss and fine gravel, which must be moistened periodically.

In summer, the dendrobium orchid is watered 1-2 times a week, depending on the air temperature and humidity:

To water, place the flower pot in a container of water for 10 minutes - when the soil in the pot is completely saturated with water, it is put back in place.
A hot (35-40ºС) shower is recommended. It helps stimulate the flowering of an exotic tropical flower.
The temperature for irrigation should be 2-3ºС warmer than the ambient air temperature.

Do not use unsettled water for watering tap water. It is advisable to fertilize the plant 2 times a month from April to September. It is better to use special liquid fertilizers for orchids. They need to be diluted 2 times more compared to the concentration recommended by the instructions.

It is better to fertilize by adding fertilizer to the water for irrigation. For heat-loving orchid species, fertilizing with potassium and phosphorus fertilizers once a month in the winter is useful; cold-resistant varieties are fed with nitrogen fertilizers.

Dormancy and flowering period

The resting period of the Himalayan beauty lasts from autumn to spring. A resting plant must be provided optimal temperature, it may vary for different species: for example, for phalaenopsis, the best temperature during this period of plant development will be +15ºС during the day and +5…+8ºС at night. For dendrobium nobilis, the ideal daytime temperature in the resting phase is +10ºС.

Important points:

minimal watering;
large gap between day and night temperatures;
lack of fertilizing.

If all conditions are met, at the end of winter or spring the dendrobium will delight you with abundant flowering. To speed up this process in the spring, you can feed the plant with phosphorus fertilizer by adding it to the water for irrigation.

When preparing the plant for flowering, increase watering and spraying and place the flower in a room with more high temperature air.

Orchid flowers stay on the plant for a long time. If the dendrobium did not bloom in a certain year, it means that next year it will bloom even more profusely. Dendrobium flowers are large, up to 9 m in diameter, they are located along the entire shoot. The variety of shades is amazing: white, pink, purple, violet - combining different types orchids, you can create a bright semblance of a flower bed on the windowsill in your apartment. Your window will be pleasing to the eye from early spring to summer. After flowering, the plant should be allowed to rest - cut off dry flower stalks, move the pot or flowerpot to a cooler place.

Orchid transplant rules

The main rule: the dendrobium orchid does not like replanting, so the plant is replanted no more often than once every 4 years. There is no point in replanting a plant unnecessarily. But if you notice that the roots of the flower have completely displaced the soil from the flowerpot, traces of rot are noticeable on them, or midges, aphids, or mites have appeared on them - it is necessary to replant the flower. Blooming in spring Tropical flower species are replanted after they have finished blooming.

Dendrobium orchids are a special type of plant; when planting, a special substrate is used instead of regular soil.

Instructions on how to transplant an orchid:

Prepare a flowerpot or pot 2-3 cm larger in diameter than the previous one. It is better to choose a plastic one - the roots will not stick to its walls, replanting the plant next time will be easier, and the roots will not be damaged.
Weighting flower pot— the plant does not have a complex root system, but the leaves with shoots on which flowers will subsequently appear are heavy. Weighting the flowerpot is necessary so that the Himalayan beauty does not overturn the flowerpot. It is better to choose a pot that is opaque, tall, and has large drainage holes.
Drainage. Large pieces of bark and pieces of foam can be used as drainage. The drainage layer should be at least 4-5 cm. Do not use expanded clay drainage.
The plant is carefully placed in the pot and straightened so as not to damage the roots.
The roots are covered with substrate without deepening them.

Ready-made soil, which is sold in gardening and flower shops, is not the best the best option for home orchid hybrids. It is better to prepare nutritious soil yourself:

the base of the soil is pine bark, it needs approximately 1 liter per plant;
crushed charcoal - a handful;
coconut chips - half a handful.

Another soil option for dendrobium orchids is peat, sphagnum moss, bark and charcoal. To disinfect, the substrate must first be boiled for 10 minutes, then dried well.

Orchid propagation

Dendrobium can be propagated at home in several ways:

daughter rosettes that appear at the top of the pseudobulb;
cuttings.

Reproduction by dividing the bush:

Carefully remove the plant from the pot and untangle the roots.
Divide the roots, leaving at least three pseudobulbs on each new plant.

Propagation of flowers by bulbs: cut off the bulb that has not bloomed, place it in a transparent plastic bag with wet sphagnum moss. The package is closed. It should be kept in the light for several months, periodically moistening the moss.

Propagation of orchids by children: carefully cut, capturing a piece of the mother's bulb. The cut area is sprinkled with crushed coal and placed in nutrient soil. When sprouts appear, the plant is planted in the substrate.

Diseases and pests

With proper and careful care, your flower is not in danger. If there is no care for the orchid, the plant may get sick. Harm the orchid:

spider mite;
mealybug.

Commercially available insecticides will help get rid of them. If the plant receives excess moisture, a fungus caused by rotting roots may develop. In both cases, the plant needs a transplant. In this case, you need to remove rotten, damaged roots, dry healthy ones with charcoal, and change the substrate.

If you carefully monitor the flower, you will notice the first signs of the disease immediately, then the flower can be saved.

When growing a dendrobium orchid, caring for it at home is not difficult. Guided by simple rules for caring for your dendrobium orchid, you will grow a beautiful flowering plant.

Orchid in the house

A mysterious exotic flower brings prosperity to the house, it can prolong a woman’s youth, and serves as a talisman against ill-wishers - a person who enters your house with bad intentions will feel unwell and leave your home without causing harm.

red and purple orchid - will get rid of bad habits and laziness;
white and pink - will cure depression, promote mental balance;
yellow, orange - favor success in financial matters.

In any case, this amazing exotic flower, which came to us from overseas Asian countries, will give you many pleasant moments, delighting the eye with its blooming.

If you are a fan of orchids, but the usual unpretentious phalaenopsis no longer tempts you, then it’s time to look for something more noticeable.

The dendrobium orchid is becoming increasingly popular among amateurs and professionals, thanks to its external features and a non-capricious disposition. From this article you will learn about the history, species differences of these flowers, how to care for them and grow them at home.

Dendrobium orchid. General information

This plant was discovered in 1799 by the Swedish botanist, Olaf Schwartz, during his expedition to the Caribbean. He gave the name by combining two Greek words: “tree” - “dendron” and “life” - “bios”, and thus immediately characterized the epiphytic properties of the plant.

Later it turned out that all of Tropical Asia, Oceania, New Zealand, Australia, New Guinea, China and Japan can rightfully be considered the homeland of dendrobiums. As you can see, there is a fairly vast geography, which has created plants adapted to a wide variety of climatic conditions.

Among the species of this orchid there are both those with falling foliage and those that are evergreen. The former live in a moderately cold zone. Being in the resting phase they look like dry dead plants, but at the moment of flowering the greenery returns. The second, accustomed to warm temperature, always remain green.

The genus of dendrobium is one of the most diverse and numerous in the orchid family - it contains more than one and a half thousand species, radically different from each other in appearance.

There are both very tiny flowers, no more than a few centimeters, and huge, up to two meters giants. Brushes can be curved or erect and range from twelve to almost one hundred colors.

Some representatives of the genus have an elongated pseudobulb bearing up to 3 flowers at each node throughout the raceme, which forms a very beautiful cascade.

Colors range from all shades of yellow to purple tones, including red and white. Only the spur-shaped protruding lip or “chin” is a common feature of all species of dendrobium orchids.

Dendrobium growth phases

In spring, the above-ground parts of the orchid grow most actively - leaves and pseudobulbs grow.
In summer the emphasis shifts to root system, it is she who begins to grow most intensively
During the winter and autumn months, the plant goes dormant. Flower buds develop just in the dormant phase
From the end of winter to the end of spring, the orchid delights us with its flowers. Most often this happens in March and lasts about three to four months.

After this, the peduncle is either simply removed, or the flower is completely replanted.

Dendrobium orchids. Kinds

Dendrobium noble

The pseudobulbs of this epiphyte sometimes reach 90 cm in length. Short straight peduncles bear from one to four flowers about 10 cm in diameter. Colors range from deep purple and bright pink to pure white. Lip in a contrasting shade. It is Dendrobium nobilis hybrids that are most often grown at home.

Dendrobium aloefolia

The name of this species was not given by chance - fleshy triangular leaves, reminiscent of aloe, tightly cover the shoots. The short flower stalks have no leaves and develop approximately 10-12 small white flowers, 2 to 4 mm in diameter.

It blooms from mid-summer to the second half of autumn.

Dendrobium is the only one

This type of dendrobium sheds its leaves and spends most of its life without greenery. Inflorescences with one, rarely three flowers grow on the internodes. Their hue is usually bright orange, and their diameter varies from 3 to 5 cm. The upward-pointing lip is light yellow.

The usual flowering time is from January to June.

It can be either an epiphyte or a lithophyte. Simultaneous flowering of old pseudobulbs that have shed their leaves and young shoots is possible. Peduncles grow from the buds of internodes and can bloom with two dozen flowers at once. The diameter of each flower is 3 – 5 cm, and the color varies from pink-purple to raspberry-lilac.

Flowering time is from August to December.

Dendrobium leafless

Like the species described above, it is found on rocks and on other plants. Short flower stalks grow from last year's shoots that have shed their leaves.

Leafless dendrobium blooms 1 - 3 light pink flowers 3 – 5 cm in diameter throughout the year, unlike other species that bloom at a strictly defined time.

Dendrobium loddigesa

This is a miniature orchid, its height is no more than 18 cm. The pseudobulbs are multi-leaved, the flowers are relatively large in size, up to 5 cm in diameter, and bright: the sepals are pink-purple, the petals are purple, the lip is pink-purple with a yellow spot.

Inflorescences appear from February to June on shoots that have shed their leaves.

Dendrobium lion's

A small orchid up to 25 cm high. Flat, fleshy leaves 4 to 5 cm long completely cover the shoots. The peduncles are decorated with one or two milky yellow or light green small flowers - 1.5-2 cm in diameter.

Flowering lasts from June to October.

Dendrobium primrose

Epiphyte with multi-leaved long shoots. Inflorescences with one or two flowers grow on internodes that have shed their leaves. The diameter of the flowers can reach 8 cm, the color is usually light purple with a fringed yellowish lip in dark red veins.

In the wild it blooms in the spring months.

Dendrobium lindley

The single-leaf pseudobulbs of this species are densely covered with scale-like leaves. The drooping lateral inflorescences may bear from 10 to 14 light yellow or golden flowers with a diameter of 2.5 to 5 cm. The lip is wide open with a large bright orange spot.

Flowering occurs from March to July.

This is a real epiphyte - the giant reaches 3 m in height in nature. In home gardening, it is much smaller - from 30 to 90 cm. Short flower stalks grow on leafless shoots. There are no more than one or two bright flower with a diameter of up to 10 cm. Coloring is possible in all tones of bright purple.

Flowering occurs between January and April.

Dendrobium christie

There is always one leaf at the internodes of the pseudobulbs of this small orchid, and short inflorescences appear in the upper part of the shoots during flowering. They contain no more than one flower, whose diameter reaches 5 cm, and the color varies from white to cream. The lip is contrasting with a red-orange central spot.

Flowering from July to October.

The optimal temperature must be selected based on the phase of the dendrobium’s life cycle.

For spring and summer, when growth and flowering begin, the most comfortable temperature for this species will be 22-25°C, but not higher than +28°C. In order for the dendrobium to please us with flowering, it will need a difference in day and night temperatures of 7 - 8 degrees, but no more. Cold and sudden changes are contraindicated for this species. We remember that when the temperature rises, flower buds can transform into babies.

During the resting phase, during autumn and winter, the temperature in the room should not be higher than 18°C, but the thermometer should not fall below +10.

Light

Dendrobium prefers good light. For home maintenance in autumn and winter, during the period of minimum natural light, it is better to prefer southern window sills. In the spring and summer months, we move it to western or eastern windows to avoid sunburn.

If only the first southern option is possible, then at the moment of direct light exposure, during the hottest hours, the window must be shaded.

Watering

The need to water dendrobium is directly related to its life cycle. In summer and spring, when intense lighting and rising temperatures provoke rapid growth, watering the orchid should be frequent and abundant. But without fanaticism, we make sure that the substrate is almost dry before watering.

There is no point in focusing on the regularity of hydration; we just look at the condition of the substrate. Alternatively, you can moisturize the orchid using the immersion method. Lower the plant for 10 minutes in warm water with dissolved fertilizer. When it drains, we put it back into the pots.

In winter and autumn, that is, during the cold season, we limit moisture. Keep the substrate dry, especially if we're talking about about the deciduous species, because metabolic processes slow down, and the dendrobium literally goes into hibernation. At this moment, it does not need watering.

Important: when in winter we stop watering the orchid and make sure that the temperature remains at around ten degrees, we need to observe the plant. When you notice the appearance of buds, but they have not yet opened, do not water the orchid! Otherwise, instead of flowers, you will get new children again.

If your orchid is from New Guinea, then high humidity, 65 – 70%, he needs. It needs to be sprayed regularly, and in the warm season you can add damp moss to the flowerpot or use a humidifier in the immediate vicinity. If there is none, we simply take pallets, fill them with sand, peat or expanded clay and wet them regularly.

In summer - under the influence of direct sunlight, the moisture evaporated by them will be enough to create a comfortable atmosphere around the orchid. In winter they will be heated by batteries.

Nuance: humidity should only be around the flower, but not in the room as a whole, which should be well ventilated, since it is stale, too wet air will be an excellent breeding ground for bacteria and fungi.

Armed with a spray bottle, remember that the outer part of the leaf cools the plant in hot weather. In the sun, micro-lenses of water droplets can cause burns. And in winter, this type of moisture is not only pointless, but also harmful, as it provokes the appearance of rot. On the inner part there are stomata, through which our orchid breathes. These are the ones that need to be moistened in good light to speed up growth.

Transplant: necessary or not?

This type of orchid does not like frequent changes of place of residence. Orchids of this type should be replanted no more than once every three years, and then only if the plant has grown noticeably and the roots are already very cramped in the old pot. Also, transplantation is carried out in cases of caking of the substrate or a significant shift in its pH level. Normally it should be 5.5-6.5.

However, the next “house” should not be too spacious; the orchid will not take root in it. The pot or flowerpot should correspond to the size of the root system plus 1 - 2 cm of space around it, no more.

Until the flower acclimatizes in a new place, it cannot be watered, since the mechanical damage to the roots caused by transplantation must have time to heal.

Reproduction

There are two options for propagating this type of orchid: by children and by division.

In the first case, we need to wait until children at least 3 cm in size appear on an adult plant.

Carefully cut the baby with scissors, keep it in water a little, moistening the roots, and then place it in a ½ full plastic pot with good drainage. Sprinkle the roots with substrate on top and compact it, trying not to damage the roots.

Please note that the growing point must remain exactly on the surface.

We maintain humidity, but make sure there is no stagnation.

Division of the bulb

You need to divide the bushes during transplantation or simply cut the pseudobulbs so that 2-3 nodes remain in each part. We root in sphagnum and do not plant in the substrate until new roots appear.

When our orchid begins to grow and is preparing to bloom, it needs feeding. In a two-week course, every third watering is accompanied by the addition of a special composition to the water. This must be a special composition for orchids. We dilute in a proportion less than half that indicated on the package or instructions.

In addition, the plant can be fertilized not only from the inside (through the root system), but also from the outside, by spraying the leaves with a highly diluted composition.

How to keep dendrobium outdoors

No less important than fertilizing is for growth and full development Dendrobiums are kept in the air. Depending on the climate zone, they need to be placed outside the room from the moment the thermometer does not rise to + 10 °C at night. So this orchid, especially Dendrobium nobile, turns green better and blooms faster.

On the terrace or in the garden, we must ensure that the plant is well protected from bad weather, drafts and direct light. Usually two weeks per fresh air Sometimes it is enough for the orchid to produce flower stalks.

Substrate

Dendrobium nobile is one of the most unpretentious species; it can be kept in a cache-pot or in a pot. You can make your own substrate by mixing sphagnum moss with small pieces of bark, or use options without impurities.

The density of the soil directly depends on the degree of illumination. If the plant is located on a northern or eastern windowsill, the substrate should be more porous. A mixture of large pieces of bark with the addition of polystyrene foam is suitable. And if it is in the south or west, it is better to choose soil that contains moss.

Peat can often be found in purchased substrates for dendrobiums. It’s okay, this was done specifically with the expectation of lowering the pH of tap water.

With good competent care, the dendrobium orchid grows quickly and delights its owners with beautiful flowers.

I wish you, dear friends, a good holiday mood, and healthy and beautiful flowers to those who adore and grow orchids!

Your Elena Skopich

Dendrobium orchid (Orchidea Dendrobium) – popular plant, of which there are more than 2 thousand varieties. It belongs to the Orchid family and is considered perennial plant. Orchids are divided according to their type of habitat. wildlife. This plant They are classified as epiphytic species, growing on trees, and lithophytic, living on rocks and stones. The dendrobium orchid was discovered by a Swedish botanist, Olaf Schwartz, who was on an expedition to the Caribbean at that time. He gave this interesting name plant, which translated means “growing on a tree.”

Brief information about the plant

Dendrobium is distributed in different parts of the planet, so it does not have a single homeland. The origin of this orchid is considered to be China, Japan, Asia, New Zealand, Austria, New Guinea, America. Due to this variation, the plant is adapted to different climatic conditions. For a long time in Europe, the orchid was sold at a price unaffordable for the average person and was considered one of the exotic species plants. Breeders have bred a large number special types, which easily take root in city apartments and houses with proper and proper care.