It is easier to install a log house made of profiled timber from a ready-made kit with sawn cups. The cups are cut according to the design of the house or bathhouse. You can find ready-made kits on sale or order bowls to be filed from specialists for your project. You can cut out the cups yourself, but their design will be simple. For slicing, a special tool is used - a “cup cutter”. The better the profiled timber with cups from the manufacturer, the design of various types of sawing and the features of making it yourself in one article.
Based on their shape, cups on a beam are divided into simple ones, which can be made with your own hands, and complex ones with a special labyrinth. Complex ones can be made using a cup cutter, as they have a lock to save heat. The thermal lock makes the connection as airtight as possible and the joints of the timber not only look aesthetically pleasing, but are also inaccessible to the penetration of wind and cold. According to the shape of the connection between the profiled timber and the cups, the connections are divided into:
- In the “region”.
- In the “cup”.
- "Dovetail".
The first two compounds are with the remainder, the third is without. Connecting the corners of the house with the remainder has a number of advantages:
- The corners are warmer.
- Aesthetics of the facade.
The disadvantages include:
- Material consumption increases.
- Difficult to accomplish additional insulation corner connections.
Beams with sawn cups are suitable for joining with the rest - “in the oblo”. This is precisely what our readers are encouraged to consider.
What are the pros and cons of a warm corner?
Connecting the corners of a house made of profiled timber with the remainder is called “ warm corner" It was formed due to the locking connection, which reliably protects the corners from freezing. Cupping is not always the most effective. Since profiled material with natural moisture shrinks greatly and dries out, a void appears between the beams, which cannot be further caulked. You can avoid problems by using profiled material chamber drying or glued. It is important to know a number of features before choosing hand-cut or factory-made cups:
- Bowls filed on machines can only have certain sizes, since the settings are not limitless.
- The manual filing method cannot be ideal, since there is always an error during operation.
- An experienced craftsman can make bowls no worse than any factory ones.
- When sawing at factories, you still have to adjust the corner joints, since the timber can dry out or, on the contrary, gain moisture.
- Factory cutting is carried out with a margin of 1-1.5 cm; during manual cutting, you can adjust and fold the beam hermetically (in tension).
The main difference between mechanical cutting and manual cutting is the complexity of the thermal lock. It is almost impossible to do a complex one manually. But the factory one is also not always of high quality and ideal. The cut of the cup depends on the quality of the machine and the cup cutter. You can use the cup cutter even on construction site, since there are massive stationary machines and small mobile ones. The choice of machine and attachment determines the shape of the cup, the depth and angle of the cut. Corner cutting is necessary for easier installation of the corner.
How does a cup cutter work?
To cut bowls using a stationary method, powerful electric milling machines are used: Intercom FM-62/220E, AEG 2050, Makita 3612C, Felisatti RF62/2200VE and others. Plates with cutters for cutting are located in the design of the machine. The edge of the cutters is sharp and the cut occurs when rotating. When rotating, the cutters receive a large load, so the plates are inclined to reduce it. The plates can be removed and put back in place, secured with a special screw. Cutters for cutting bowls are mounted on a special frame that is movable and adjusts the length and width of the bowl.
By rising and falling the cutter makes it possible to drill the required depth. The complexity of the lock depends on the machine model and installed cutter. The mobile milling machine is installed directly on the profiled beam in the place where the bowl was cut and secured with cleats. During operation, the frame moves across the beam, which makes it possible to work with timber of any cross-section. This creates a groove required sizes according to a given scheme. The main thing is not only to install the cup saw correctly, but also to calculate the location of the cut. You can see more details on how to use a cup cutter in the video:
Where is the bowl washed down on a beam?
Corner connections in different sections of timber are made differently. It is necessary to calculate the location of the cup so that the material does not become brittle and crack when laying the walls of the house in the corners. The cut can be calculated using the standard formula: H = (B + c): 4 (H is the thickness of the groove of the profiled material, B is the height of the selected beam, c is the height of the existing groove or tenon in the profile. For example, take a profiled beam with a simple locking connection of 10 mm, section 200x200 mm. Insert the values into the formula: (200+10): 4 = 52.5 mm. This will be the size of the cutting depth. The cup is cut on a profiled beam using a cup cutter according to the following scheme:
- The middle of the cut is marked and an incision is made along the borders to a depth of 10 - 20 mm.
- The cutter is lowered onto the cut grooves and work begins to the previously calculated depth.
Judging by customer reviews, ready-made factory cups do not always fit in size when assembled and they still have to be modified. To simplify the work, you can buy a manual cup cutter. The price of the machine starts from 35,000 rubles, but by purchasing timber without cups you can save money. Use a manual cup cutter directly while assembling a house or bathhouse from profiled timber. The saw can be measured on the spot and adjusted to the desired shape.
In this case, the connection in the warm corner is more airtight. If the production of profiled timber is small, then purchase one hand tool it will be more profitable. Moreover, the work can be performed to the same quality as on a powerful milling machine. Depending on the type of frieze chosen, you can make different cuts for the cup. The number of cutters depends on the brand of cup cutter and its power. The more fezes included in the package and the higher the power of the equipment, the higher the price of the cup cutter.
Types of cutters and corner joints they make
The chosen cutter shape produces different results. gusset profiled timber:
- Four-sided bowl. The connection is made on a profiled beam with one rounded side - block house or with flat ones. Reminiscent of a four-way joint in a corner laying logs with the remainder. Used to make a cylindrical connection end mill. The side parts of the bowl are obtained according to a template, which is secured to the material with cleats. The cuts are straight at the top and bottom. The timber fits evenly into each other.
- T-bowl. This angle is called “dovetail”. The cutter has a special shape with a notch. Machines on which similar cutters are included: Brussivit, Euroblock, Craze, Blook. The bowl is made in two steps; more details can be seen in the photo.
Price for drank cups
The price for sawing bowls in a profiled beam depends on the complexity of the structure, the cross-section and type of timber, and the complexity of the house structure. You can buy profiled timber with cups as a ready-made set in any major construction company, which produces the material. In large cities the price differs little; we calculated the average and present it in the form of a table:
You should not expect that by ordering bowl cutting from a construction company you will get impeccable material. The human factor has not been canceled. The only thing worth paying extra for is complex shape bowls for a warmer corner joint.
In my spare time I would always like to do something useful for myself, and some spend this time decorating their house or apartment, because creativity always brings joy. One option is self-production facing material, for which you will need cutters for lining on a manual router.
Do it yourself wooden panels to decorate a room with them - it’s very interesting and exciting.
Making lining by hand
Milling cutters
- Hand cutters for wood can be divided into bearing(or edge) and bearingless. The former are used for the manufacture of lining, and the latter are used for one-time processing of any part, but they require auxiliary equipment.
- Milling cutters for making lining for hand router can have ratio of diameter (D) to radius (R) groove on the panel: 9.5-4.8 mm, 12.7-6.35 mm, 15.8-7.9 mm and 199.5 mm. The diameter of the shank will remain 8 mm. Such cutters can be used for lining, but they are inconvenient.
- Such a cutter for lining, as in the photo above, can be used both with a manual milling machine and with a milling machine, which is equipped with collets. Diameter of cutters in in this case 50 mm and 35 mm- accordingly with the diameter of the shank 8 mm.
- Such a cutter for making lining will allow you to make panels with any type of tongue and groove. The most important thing is to set up the machine correctly and select the cutter sizes in terms of depth and diameter.
Manufacturing of lining
- To make lining with your own hands, you need to make smooth jointed blanks from edged boards. First of all, make a cut along one side, and then decide on the width of the future panel.
- To determine the width, pay attention to all the boards you have so that the panels are the same. Of course, there are no strict instructions with directions here, but the most optimal size the boards will be from 7 to 10 cm.
- Be very careful when jointing boards because most carpenter injuries occur during this process. Of course, they won’t cut off a hand or a finger here, but the wounds bleed a lot and take a long time to heal, although at the first moment you don’t even feel pain. To ensure that the thickness of all boards is the same, count the number of passes along the cutter - you, of course, will not achieve millimeter accuracy, but no one will notice the difference.
Advice. For processing, it is better to choose boards no more than 2 m long, since longer ones are difficult to hold and the dimensions are inaccurate. Also, shorter boards will be easier to process with a hand router.
- When cutting down a wane, sometimes quite a lot of wood remains and should not be thrown away. From this waste you can cut thin slats for connection, and make the lining with grooves on both sides.
- When the board is cut and jointed, all you have to do is make a tongue and groove, that is, tongue and groove it around the perimeter. Place the cutter on the machine and, by lowering or raising the table, adjust the depth of the groove. Move the ruler to the required distance and make sure that during processing the board is always pressed tightly against its edge.
Wooden lining (decorative cladding board) has surpassed almost all of its counterparts in popularity. This is due to its “advantages”, of which there are many:
- excellent sound and heat insulation;
- aesthetics;
- ease of use.
In addition to design and protective functions, the lining also performs engineering functions. Behind the clapboard cladding you can easily hide mechanical damage to the surface of ceilings, floors, walls, as well as technical errors (for example, unsightly laid wiring). The walls being tiled do not require preliminary leveling, which simplifies the repair process. The gaps between the material and the wall allow you to insulate the room. They are filled with special heat-insulating materials(for example, mineral wool).
Production of linden and aspen lining
The basis for the production of lining is natural wood (its lower parts). Deciduous species (ash, alder, linden, aspen) with rich color scheme ideal for interior decoration. Conifers trees are more suitable for exterior finishing houses, saunas, baths.
Linden and alder are especially interesting as materials for lining. Their advantages:
- They have low density.
- More fire resistant.
- They do not turn blue over time.
- Does not emit resins.
- Practically do not heat up.
However, they require varnishing. Due to the strength of the raw material, cutters for making moldings from hardwood must be sharpened.
Manual milling machine for the production of lining with your own hands
Making lining with your own hands is quite affordable. You will need a high-quality board and a regular hand router with various attachments. With the help of the latter, corresponding grooves are made in the lining strips.
Milling cutters for the production of lining can be purchased individually or in sets. They are presented in various variations:
- profile;
- end;
- conical;
- disk;
- thorny;
- grooved;
- monolithic;
- fillets;
- corner.
On a milling machine you can: process the edges of the board, drill holes, shape grooves. Wood waste can be processed in parallel by organizing the production of fuel briquettes from sawdust.
There are two types of manual milling machine:
- Lamellar. Allows you to create different kinds grooves
- Kromočny. His strong point is processing the perimeter of wooden planks.
The second machine is more universal due to the possibility of performing more works
Block house machine
One of the varieties of lining (by the way, in enormous demand) is a block house. The material imitates rounded logs and is widely used for external and internal decoration of premises. It makes sense to sheathe houses with a block house, because such lining has a solid appearance, is durable and environmentally friendly, as it is made from natural wood. The panels are characterized by a complex shape, so the elements are connected using the “groove-tenon” principle. Making them manually is difficult and is fraught with “inconsistency” of individual “logs” in the future, so it is advisable to use specialized equipment:
- band sawmill;
- drying chamber;
- lining manufacturing machine.
When processing workpieces on machines, you can perform a number of operations:
- cutting prepared raw materials to the required size;
- surface milling;
- formation of recesses (grooves and tenons).
Lines based on milling machines, make it possible to produce material from edged boards. At the same time, the cost of a block house is higher than when produced using automated lines with circular saws. At the same time, the latter are much more expensive. In combination, it makes sense to use additional equipment designed to impregnate the block house in order to increase the service life with fire retardants / antiseptics.
For home production it is enough to produce 350-450 m 3 of finished products (70%-50% level of normal productivity). The annual revenue of home production exceeds $10,000 (depending on costs and sales volumes). The recommendations given will help novice entrepreneurs implement an interesting and effective project.
Everyone spends their leisure time in their own way, but it is best to do it usefully. We suggest you make your own material for finishing your house or apartment. To do this, first of all, you will need cutters for lining on a manual router. Imagine how convenient it is to make materials for repairs at home, you will agree that it is not only exciting, but also useful.
We make lining at home
Milling cutters for a manual router for making lining - a set for professional use
- Milling cutters manual type are divided into:
- edging,
- bearing,
- bearingless.
In order to make wood panels yourself, you will need bearing cutters, other types of tools require additional equipment, which means they are not suitable for us;
- Mills for making lining for a manual router come in a wide variety. Before you start work, you need to decide what tools you will need to make wood panels. Don't forget also that some cutting tools can only be used for self made, but undesirable due to inconvenience;
Note! The lining cutter shown in the photo above is universal due to the fact that it is convenient to use both on the machine and in manual machine milling type. The diameter of such parts can range from 35 to 59 millimeters, depending on the length of the shank.
- The cutter for making lining, which is shown in the photo, will help you with any tongue and groove. It is important to set up the machine correctly, namely to select a cutter by diameter and depth.
Self-manufacturing process
- - the task is not easy, but this does not mean at all that you cannot do it. The main thing in this matter is attentiveness and compliance with safety precautions;
- First, make jointed blanks so that they are even. Immediately make a cut on one side of the uncut board, and then proceed to determine the width of the panel;
- Before you finally decide on the width of the panel, you need to look at the width of all your boards so that in the end they all turn out the same. detailed instructions will help you complete everything consistently and without errors, the main thing is to be careful;
- When jointing material, you should be extremely careful, because it is in the process of jointing boards that even professionals get injured. In order for the resulting material to be identical in thickness, it is necessary to count the phase passes, that is, their number.
Important! In order for the process of processing boards to be simple and straightforward, without problems, it is necessary to take material whose length does not exceed two meters. Such boards are convenient to work with and easy to process. If the boards are very short, then their processing is easier if this process is carried out with a manual router.
Remember! When you cut down a wane, there is often quite a lot of material left behind that should not be thrown away. From this waste it will be possible to make small connecting strips.
The photo shows the process of cutting a groove - In the case when the board has already been processed, you only need to make a tenon and, of course, a groove. We install the table so that it is convenient for you to work on it and tongue and groove the board. Do not forget that it is constantly necessary to adjust the depth of the groove and the workpiece must always be pressed tightly to the table;
- You probably understand how to make lining with a hand router, but you will still need to talk about the details and nuances of this matter, because each business has its own characteristics that you need to know. Remember that if you need a calibrated board, to make it you will need a surface planer, manual machine this will not work;
- When working with a hand router you need to be extremely careful. Because this device is considered dangerous. Sometimes even experts in their field make mistakes and get injured, so beginners need to always be on their guard. Do not forget about safety precautions, and also monitor the thickness of the product so that your material is even;
- Even a beginner can make lining with a hand router, if he or she becomes familiar with all the rules for working with this device before starting work. Don't forget that
All photos from the article
Using a block house as finishing material allows you to transform any structure. After covering it creates the feeling that the walls were built from solid log. But environmentally friendly materials are not cheap, and in order to save money, many developers are trying to figure out how to make a block house with their own hands and carry out installation without involving specialists.
Pros and cons of coverage
The material is supplied in the form of semicircular panels with various sizes. As a rule, the width ranges from 90-190 mm, and the length can vary from 2 to 6 m. The thickness in the central part is usually 20-45 mm. These dimensions allow installation work without unnecessary discomfort.
Important advantages
- The product price is low, so it is available to a wide range of developers;
- The material is environmentally friendly, which means it is completely safe for the human body;
- The panels can be installed independently, and this has a positive effect on the budget;
- The products are made of wood, and therefore have low thermal conductivity, due to which the thermal losses of the structure are reduced.
Certain disadvantages
- As a result of shrinkage, large gaps may form between the cladding fragments, which spoils the appearance;
- Mandatory additional protection from biological effects;
- Elements are not recommended for finishing objects with high level fire hazard.
Addition!
Installation of the coating makes it possible to level side surfaces buildings, since during the work additional support or beams are installed.
Independent production
It is quite possible to make a block house from slabs with your own hands or cut it from ordinary edged boards. To implement the plan, you will need special cutters with a diameter of 50 and 35 mm. The production of elements is carried out approximately in the following sequence.
Sequencing
- Raw materials are prepared in the form of a slab or edged board. In the first case, rounding the front side is not required, but in the second, it is necessary;
- The front surface of the workpiece is thoroughly polished. There is no point in processing the back side, since it will be located directly against the wall;
- Folding is performed using a manual router or machine. That is, a groove is made on one side, and a tenon on the other. The quality of homemade tongue and groove work depends on the skills of the craftsman.
Attention!
Ideally, the panels should be made on a four-sided router.
Using such equipment, you can make a groove and a tongue in one pass, as well as round the outer side.
Working on equipment
If necessary, of course, you can build the simplest machine for a block house with your own hands, but it cannot compare with professional equipment. First of all, you need to make a reliable frame, which includes a frame and a table. For this they can be used as wooden blocks, and metal elements.
