Sewage pumping stations (SPS) are special systems used for the removal and delivery of wastewater to treatment facilities. Pumping stations are optimally used in places with low levels of sewage collection, when it is impossible to organize a gravity sewer network. Installing a pumping station allows you to divert wastewater in difficult landscape conditions, regardless of soil type and weather conditions. Pumping stations can be used for pumping atmospheric, industrial and domestic wastewater.
Installation of pump station, advantages:
- Scarce space is saved on the owner’s property, since the pumping station has small dimensions;
- when using SPS, the possibility of pressure loss is eliminated;
- does not require constant service from the experts. Is autonomous system, which, in the event of an emergency, is capable of sending a message to the owner’s mobile phone;
- installation of a factory-made pumping station is quite simple, since pumping station comes with everything necessary equipment, including multi-socket pipes, which make it possible to connect pipes of different diameters to the pumping station.
Pumping stations:
Visually, pumping stations are a vertically located cylindrical container made of polymer materials, for example, polypropylene. The installation of the pumping station is carried out underground and for its installation it is better to use the services of specialists.
When designing and constructing a pumping station, you should take into account the terrain and the amount of pumped liquid, as well as calculate the electricity that will be spent on operating the equipment. It is advisable that all necessary measurements be carried out by specialists, since data inconsistency certain parameters may adversely affect the subsequent operation of the equipment. Installation of the pumping station begins with the installation of the housing and pumping units, and ends with the connection of the equipment cables to the control panel. Afterwards, mandatory commissioning of the installation is carried out.
Sewage pumping station (SPS) is an indispensable assistant in pumping and disposal of wastewater. It is rapidly gaining popularity and is gradually displacing drainage pits from summer cottages and garden plots.
Specifications
Structurally, the station is a mechanism consisting of several containers and pumps, the number of which directly depends on the expected volume of wastewater, the degree of its contamination and the type of pollution. The station's capacity is made in the form of a polymer tank dug into the ground. Only the neck is left above the ground surface, which is due to the need for inspection, repair and, if necessary, measures to clean the tank. The top of the container is closed with a lid made of steel or polymers. The most durable containers are those made from fiberglass.
Plastic models have also proven themselves well. Such tanks do not require regular maintenance and can last at least 50 years. The most budget-friendly option is concrete and metal containers, the volume of which can reach several cubic meters. Inside the tank there is a pipeline and a baffle that ensures uniform flow of liquid inside. No less important element The design also includes a water breaker wall, which prevents flow turbulence and promotes the orderly movement of liquid masses.
Household pumping stations are equipped with one or two pumps, and more serious industrial models can have up to four units of pumping equipment. The type of pumping equipment depends on the installation location, purpose and operating conditions. So, for home stations it is more advisable to choose pumps equipped with a chopper. For industrial enterprises and housing and communal services, on the contrary, the installation of cutting devices is not recommended. This is due to the risk of solid waste entering the wastewater, which can cause equipment failure.
To ensure the flow of liquid masses in one direction, gate valves are installed in the pipes, and to ensure that the pumping equipment does not run idle and is turned off in a timely manner - floats. When the level of contaminated masses decreases, the float mechanism lowers, opens the electrical circuit and stops the pump. When the wastewater level rises, the circuit closes and the pumps begin to operate. This scheme reduces the operating load on the pumps and extends their service life.
To be on the safe side, backup floats are sometimes installed. They are adjusted so that they complete the circuit once the water exceeds a predetermined operating level. Thus, if the main pump breaks down, the backup one will definitely turn on and pump out the accumulated liquid. For a medium-sized station, it is sufficient to install two main and two reserve floats.
The installation of water pumping stations and the arrangement of sanitary control zones around them are regulated by SNiPa 2.04.01-85.
In addition to large stationary devices, there are miniature pumping stations of the “Sololift” type. They are made in the form of a small tank, equipped with a pump with a cutting blade, a motor, automation and are directly connected to the toilet drain hole. The installation of this equipment solves the problem of drainage of sewage in a private house with a minimum number of residents, and is quite suitable for a family from three people. To operate the mini-station, it is enough to connect the pressure hose and sewer pipes to the device body and plug it into a power outlet. Sololifts have a sufficient number positive feedback and are rapidly gaining popularity among owners small houses and dachas. Mini-stations go on sale completely ready for use and do not require the purchase of auxiliary devices.
Purpose and principle of operation
Sewage stations are intended for pumping rainwater and sewage in cases where their movement by gravity is impossible or difficult. This occurs when it is not possible to organize the slope of the drainage pipe, when the sewage drainage point and toilets are located below the level of receiving sewers or cesspools, and also when they are located far from the source of the drainage. The stations have become widespread in cottage villages, country estates and industrial facilities, the significant distance of which does not allow them to connect to central sewer networks.
The operating principle of all CNSs is approximately the same. Contaminated wastewater flows into a receiving tank, from which it is pumped into the pressure pipeline system using pumping equipment. Next, the masses end up inside the distribution chamber, from where they go through the pipeline system to the treatment plant or sewerage collector. All stations are equipped with a valve that prevents liquid from flowing back and ensures its movement in only one direction.
The stations are equipped with an automatic control system. Thus, monitoring of wastewater levels is carried out float sensors, which are located on different levels. In the event of a serious accident and failure of both pumps, sensors set to a critical level for the system automatically turn on alarm, notifying owners that the system cannot cope with the volume of sewage or has broken down. During repair work or start, the station switches to manual control mode.
Stationary mini-stations with a chopper work on a similar principle. At the moment liquid masses enter the device, automatic sensors are triggered, which, in turn, start the engine. As a result, liquid from the tank is pumped into a pressure pipe, through which it goes into the collector. For more efficient sewage disposal, compact stations are equipped with a special impeller, which crushes large fragments, which prevents the possibility of pipe clogging. Typically, the sololift body contains from 2 to 5 holes intended for connecting plumbing fixtures: toilets, sinks, sinks and showers. At the top of the station there is air valve, providing air supply during pump operation and preventing the breakdown of water seals in the siphon of the device.
Types and categories
Sewage stations are classified according to several criteria.
type of instalation
SPS can have vertical and horizontal designs. The latter are often equipped with a self-priming pump, which forcibly pumps contaminated masses into the body of the pumping station and removes them after cleaning. Sometimes the reservoir tank may have an additional horizontal compartment on the bottom. This design promotes uniform distribution of silt deposits at the bottom of the tank and increases the filling time.
This, in turn, allows you to clean the tank less often, which significantly saves effort and money.
Vertical water pumping stations do not have additional tanks and are used for private houses and summer cottages, where their capacity is quite sufficient for the timely and uninterrupted removal of sewage.
Location
Depending on their location relative to the surface of the earth, the pumping stations can be buried, partially buried and have a ground location. Ground stations are represented by mini-installations located in kitchens, bathrooms and toilets. Recessed ones represent traditional models with a storage tank dug into the ground, and for partially buried ones, a container equipped with sensors, a pump and shut-off valves is located in the ground up to the neck. Automatic system control and management are brought to the surface.
Equipment management
SPS are equipped with manual, remote and automatic control.
- With the manual method switching on of modular equipment is carried out in manual mode station workers who independently check the level of sewage in the tank.
- With remote control data on the state of the system and the height of the liquid level are sent to the control panel. It is very convenient to control a radio-controlled station: the equipment does not require constant human presence, and in case of a malfunction, it promptly reports it.
- Automatic system control is the most common, and consists of controlling the station using relays and sensors, which can be located both on the station body and nearby on the panel.
The most budget option is stations with a manual control system. They are installed in country houses and are capable of serving one or two families.
Nature of sewerage
Wastewater is divided into domestic, industrial, storm and sediment.
- For industrial waste tanks and pumps must be made of materials that are highly resistant to aggressive chemicals and high temperatures.
- Storm water drainage stations sewers are equipped with additional systems for removing sand and mechanical debris that can be brought by rain flows.
- Sump station for sediment runoff applies to wastewater treatment plants and are equipped with specialized devices that process sediment.
Type of pumping equipment
Three types of pumps are installed on the pumping station.
- Submersible pumps with pressure function require complete immersion in water. The devices have a sealed housing, which is made of high-strength, non-corrosive materials. Fecal pumps are effective and quite easy to use; they do not require additional fixation or a platform for them. The device is capable of operating at low temperatures, and its engine is cooled naturally from the surrounding liquid.
- Cantilever pumps installed in a dry place and used in large industrial plants. The devices are not suitable for complex modular pump stations. Pumps require the construction of a separate site with a foundation and are characterized by high cost and reliability. The advantages include ease of access for repair and maintenance, the ability to replace the electric motor with a weaker/more powerful one, and long term operation of the device.
- Self-priming pump for fecal wastewater, it is used for pumping heavily contaminated liquid and is installed at industrial and housing facilities. The device is not subject to clogging and is effective in conditions negative temperatures. Freezing of the device is prevented thanks to a special heating element, which turns on at the moment when the temperature drops and passes a critical level. This type of pump is recognized as the most reliable and convenient to use. The only disadvantage of the device is its high cost, which, however, is justified by the high performance characteristics and durability of the device.
Installation
Installation of the pumping station begins with digging a pit. In the presence of the right tools and, at least one assistant, you can dig a hole for the tank with your own hands. The depth calculation is made individually and depends on the type of installation and the size of the tank. The optimal position of the tank is considered to be such that the lid of the container protrudes from the ground by 80-100 cm.
A sand cushion is formed at the bottom of the pit and a reservoir is installed on top. After the tank is installed and leveled, they begin to connect the pipes and backfill the pit. The soil around the tank must be compacted very carefully, compacting each layer in turn. The backfill density should be 90% of the natural density of the surrounding soil.
After the tank is firmly in place, they begin installing the pumps and adjusting the floats. As an example, first-level floats are usually located at a distance of 15-30 cm from the bottom of the tank. However, this is the recommended height and can be adjusted based on the expected amount of waste and tank size. The next float is installed a meter to one and a half higher than the previous one, after which they begin installing the electrical cable, perform grounding, arrange ventilation and connect the power.
After all the work is completed, carry out a test run of the system using a clean tap water. If the test is successful, the construction of the protective pavilion can begin, and if there is no need for construction, the station can be put into operation immediately. The pavilion can be built of metal or brick.
Maintenance and operation
Stations require constant monitoring of the condition of their main systems. However, when servicing the pumping station yourself, you should strictly comply with safety requirements and clearly understand that going down into the tank and cleaning it without any means personal protection Absolutely forbidden. Poisoning from sewer fumes occurs instantly and often results in loss of consciousness and death.
Therefore, before you begin inspecting the tank, you should put on a gas mask with a forced-feed function clean air and a safety rope. But the best option is to sign an agreement with special services, which will exercise control over the operation of the system.
Planned maintenance of the station is carried out quarterly, and in the case of a large number of wastewater - monthly. During the inspection, the operation of the automation is checked, pumping equipment is diagnosed and the oil level is monitored, debris is removed from the filters and sludge deposits are removed. All work must be carried out in the presence of an assistant, with a rope harness and a respirator.
Service remote systems a little simpler. Automation of control allows you to monitor the condition of the tank without going into the tank, and monitor the performance of electrical equipment in real time.
Maintenance of the pumping station should begin with a general inspection of the condition of the shut-off valves and checking the indicators of the sensors located on the control panel of automated models. In case of unstable operation of the pumping equipment, the device is removed from the station, washed and subjected to diagnostics. Cleaning of the pump and housing is carried out under pressure clean water from a hose using a stiff brush. Usage detergents undesirable.
When washing, you need to control the direction and force of pressure, and prevent drops from getting on the control panel. From time to time you should check the reliability of the threaded fasteners and, if necessary, tighten the nuts and fasteners. Dismantling of pumping equipment should be done only after the unit has cooled down, turning off the power supply and relieving the pressure in the system.
With careful operation and regular maintenance, sewage pumping stations can last for decades, ensuring uninterrupted removal of contaminated wastewater and increasing the comfort of others.
For a review of Unipump Sanivort sewage pumping stations, see below.
Planning the location of bathrooms and plumbing fixtures in country houses and cottages is always fraught with the difficulty that they must be located close to sewer riser. Also, the pipes leading to the riser must have a slope in its direction so that the wastewater can move by gravity. Such conventions impose certain restrictions - all plumbing must be located close to each other. This problem becomes irrelevant if sewage pumps are installed. The use of these pumps allows you to install a toilet, washing machine, shower and other appliances where it is convenient for you, in the basement or basement - below the location of the main sewer pipe. This is especially true for cafes, restaurants and sports clubs located in basements high-rise buildings. Sometimes in country houses they install fecal submersible pumps, processing wastewater from around the house and pumping it into a septic tank. Such pumps differ from those described above, and in order not to make a mistake, you need to understand what each pump is intended for.
Types of sewage pumps
Sewage pumps can be divided into two categories: domestic and industrial. Domestic pumps are designed for pumping wastewater from one or more consumers and can be used in country houses, private small hotels, cafes, restaurants, bars, clubs and shops. Industrial sewage pumps are installed in multi-storey buildings or even at substations leading to the sewer.
Domestic sewage pumps
Sewage pumps for domestic needs differ in purpose and place where they are used, and also have design differences. For example, there are pumps that are installed directly under the water consumer, and there are pumps for forced sewerage that are installed in the well of a septic tank or sewage pumping station.
Household sewer pumps come in the following versions:
- (equipped with a chopper).
A pump of this type is installed directly behind the toilet no further than 40 cm and is a box approximately the size of a toilet flush cistern. The color of the pump body can be chosen so that it matches the color of the toilet and is not noticeable. The unit is connected to the drain pipe from the toilet. When the toilet flushes, it fills the pump, where metal grinder blades grind fecal matter and toilet paper. Such a pump will not cope with more serious debris, for example, a towel and personal hygiene products.
After grinding the waste, wastewater is pumped through a pipeline into the sewer riser. Typically, such toilet pumps are capable of pumping liquids up to 10 m in height and up to 100 m in the horizontal plane. After the wastewater is sent to the sewer, the toilet water seal is filled with water again.
The pipes leaving the pump can have a diameter from 18 mm to 40 mm. This allows you to lay them without harm overall design rooms, for example, behind plasterboard sheathing or under the ceiling. Grinder pumps allow you to install toilets in any room, regardless of the location of the sewer riser, as well as below the location of the main sewer pipe. For example, this could be a basement, ground floor, redevelopment in typical apartment and moving the bathroom to another location.
The price of such sewage pumps depends on the manufacturer. For example, popular French pumps from the company Grundfos Sololift2 WC-1 And Sololift2 WC-3 cost 350 USD and 450 USD respectively. These are reliable units that come with a warranty. In addition, in the CIS countries there is a fairly developed network service centers who install and repair sewer pumps of this brand. Pumps from another French company, SFA (a direct competitor), are in approximately the same price range. Model SFA SaniBroyeur Silence costs, for example, 350 USD. Although they are a little cheaper, they have less power and pump to a lower height. And here is the pump Russian company Subline Service called Unipump Sanivort 600 will cost only 200 USD.
The maximum temperature of wastewater that a toilet sewer pump can pump is in the range of +35 °C - +50 °C. This is indicated in more detail in the instructions for the specific model. Also, many pumps have an additional inlet for draining from a washbasin, shower or bidet, or urinal. Therefore, water temperature is of great importance. If the water temperature is much higher, the pump may fail, although some models have protection installed that allows pumping hot water for a short time (30 minutes), but not constantly.
In addition to toilet pumps, which are a box measuring approximately 30x45x16 cm, there are also built-in grinder pumps for wall-hung toilets. They are compact in size, thickness does not exceed 12 cm, so they are convenient to hide behind a plasterboard partition.
There are also models that combine a toilet and a pump without cistern. Such a device is not cheap ( SFA Sanicompact 43 costs 900 - 1000 USD), but it is convenient and takes up little space. The toilet is connected directly to the water supply network and has an additional outlet for draining the washbasin.
- (without chopper).
Such pumps are also called sanitary pumps, since they pump dirty water, but are not equipped with a grinder, which means that the drained water should not contain foreign objects. Sewage pumps for the kitchen have several inlet pipes, so they can be connected to the drain from the kitchen sink, bathroom, shower and washbasin. They are installed in a cabinet under the sink or any convenient place. Pay attention to the maximum temperature of wastewater that such a pump can pump. For example, model Sololift2 D-2 for showers, bidets and sinks, designed for water temperatures not exceeding +50 °C. This means that you cannot connect a dishwasher or washing machine to it. It is also important that kitchen pumps quickly become covered with a greasy coating from the inside and require timely cleaning.
This category of sewage pumps must be distinguished separately. Such units can remove hot wastewater from washing machines and dishwashers, as well as bathtubs and showers. For example, to the pump Grundfos Sololift2 C-3 You can connect a sink, dishwasher, bathtub and shower. The water temperature should not be higher than +75 °C; for a short time the pump can withstand a temperature of +90 °C. This French unit costs about 400 - 420 USD. Sewage pumps Wilo DrainLift TMP 32-0.5 EM And SFA SaniVite Silence also designed for water with a temperature of +75 °C and cost 350 - 400 USD.
- Submersible sewage pump.
Such pumps are also called fecal submersible pumps, and they are radically different from all those described above. Submersible pumps are installed in a well or container into which wastewater from the entire country house flows. In principle, this can be not only Vacation home, this could be a cafe, restaurant, club or other facility that has an autonomous sewage system. The submersible sewage pump is equipped with a powerful motor and cutting mechanism, which is capable of shredding not only feces and toilet paper, but also fabric towels, rubber gloves, feminine hygiene products, terry towels and other large items. The only thing it can't handle is stones and metal objects, the release of which into drains must be avoided.
After crushing foreign matter, wastewater is pumped into a septic tank, where it is treated. Submersible sewage pumps are manufactured by companies such as Grundfos, Wilo, KSB, FLYGT, HOMA and GORMAN-RUPP. The body of such a pump and the grinder are usually made of cast iron or of stainless steel. The pump itself can be equipped with a float, signaling that the wastewater level has reached a point after which the pump should start pumping. In the same way, the float controls the shutdown of the unit.
For fecal sewer pumps, the price depends on the power of the unit. For example, a powerful pump PEDROLLO MS 30/50+QES300 remote control with a power of 2200 W costs almost 1000 USD, its analogue is simpler with a power of only 750 W PEDROLLO MCM 10/50 costs already 350 USD The price is also affected by the reputation and requests of the manufacturer. For example, a Ukrainian-made fecal pump DNIPRO-M will cost only 60 - 70 USD, although it has a power of 2750 W.
In addition to the above, household sewage pumps include: semi-submersible pumps and pumps that are mounted “dry”. Also popular KNS(sewage pumping stations), which are a ready-made container for wastewater in which a fecal pump of the required power is already installed. When choosing a pump for your home, be sure to read the characteristics of the unit and recommendations for its use, or better yet, consult with a specialist.
Industrial sewage pumps
Industrial sewage pumps are used in multi-storey buildings, remote sites, cottage villages and in enterprises for pumping wastewater into city or autonomous sewerage. The same pumps are installed at pumping stations and wastewater treatment plants. Conventionally, industrial pumps can be divided into the following groups:
Submersible pumps are operated submerged in water at all times. Since the unit is located in an aggressive environment, its body and parts are completely made in accordance with the requirements for stability. The popularity of these types of pumps is due to the fact that they are used directly inside a sewage pumping station and do not require a special location for placement, as well as an additional pipeline.
It is also worth clarifying that submersible pumps are also suitable for “dry” installation, only in this case it is necessary to properly organize the pipe supply and pressure at the inlet pipe.
Such pumps are installed openly in the basements of high-rise buildings, as well as in industrial sewage pumping stations. Their main difference is that the pump and motor are located separately and connected by a coupling. With proper operation, cantilever pumps can last for a long time without repairs or breakdowns. If repairs are necessary, it is easy to carry out, since the pump is in plain sight.
- Self-priming sewage pump of dry installation.
Such pumps are installed in separate room at a specially equipped place inside the sewage pumping station (sewage pumping station). They have excellent characteristics, are easy to maintain, but are quite expensive, so they are rarely used nowadays.
When choosing an industrial sewage pump It is extremely important to choose a model from a manufacturer that can provide specialists for installation, and then deal with the accompanying diagnostics, maintenance and repairs.
Sewage pump installation
So, if there is a problem of the impossibility of moving wastewater by gravity, then there is nothing else left but to install sewage pumps. We have already considered that the scope of their application is diverse and it is necessary to select a specific model for specific tasks.
To be able to install the toilet in a place convenient for you, without being tied to the location of the sewer riser, you need to equip it with a sewer pump for the toilet. This applies not only to country houses, but also to apartments that have undergone redevelopment, as well as premises in the basement.
What pumps can be used to connect to the toilet? Grundfos pumps models Sololift2 WC-1, Sololift2 WC-3, Sololift2 CWC-3(wall mounting), company pump Wilo DrainLift KH 32-0.4 EM, pumps from SFA model SFA SaniTop Silence, SFA SaniBroyeur Silence, SFA SaniPRO XR Silence and others. These sewer pumps received the most flattering reviews. They are characterized as reliable and high-quality units.
Most toilet pumps have additional inlets, to which you can connect sink drain, soul, bidet And urinal. Therefore, with the help of one pump it is possible to remove wastewater from an entire bathroom.
The easiest way to connect a sewer pump to a toilet is to install a toilet with a built-in pump. You can see how this is done in the video example.
A conventional sewage pump is installed behind the toilet no further than 40 cm from it.
Tips for connecting a sewer pump to a toilet:
- Pay attention to the diameter of the inlet pipe on the pump. It must match the outlet of the sewer drain pipe from the toilet (toilet bowl outlet). If the diameter of these holes is different, the installation will be incorrect.
- Before installing the sewage pump, read the instructions carefully. Most often it is equipped with all necessary diagrams and recommendations, and the pump itself includes everything you need, right down to the mounting screws.
- The first step is to insert connecting elbows or supply pipes into the inlet pipes.
- Then install the pump behind the toilet and secure it to the floor with screws. On the pump body there are special cast lugs with holes for such fastening.
- All pipes supplying the pump should be located with a slope of 3 cm by 1 m, ensuring the movement of wastewater by gravity.
- Then the outlet sewer pipe is connected to the outlet hole. What recommendations exist for its location are indicated in the photo example (dependence of pressure on the height and length of the pipeline).
- If the sewage pump model requires ventilation, then it is necessary to remove ventilation duct above the ridge of the roof of the house. Although there are models with carbon filter, ensuring the absence unpleasant odors in the house.
- The pump is connected to the electrical network through a 30 mA RCD. If the pump model is supplied with a ready-made plug, then it can be connected to a personal socket, the cable to which must be routed directly from the panel and the RCD.
- All bends of outlet and inlet pipes must be smooth.
- All pipeline connections must be made by soldering, welding or adhesive joints.
- If there is a need to dispose of wastewater to vertical plane, then the vertical section of the outlet pipe must be made no further than 30 cm from the outlet of the pump. This will ensure normal pressure in the pipeline.
Please note that the toilet sewer pump cannot be installed below floor level or in pits. Only next to the toilet, ensuring easy access to the pump for maintenance and repair. To prevent the water that the pump removes from returning, a check valve must be installed on the outlet pipe.
If the kitchen is planned install a dishwasher or washing machine, then the sewage pump must be selected that is resistant to high temperatures - up to +90 ° C. The following models are suitable: Grundfos Sololift2 C-3, Wilo DrainLift TMP 32-0.5 EM And SFA SaniVite Silence. There are also more powerful models with storage tank, which can pump large volumes of wastewater from all appliances in the kitchen.
You can install a sewer pump in the kitchen anywhere - in a cabinet under the sink, near a wall, in a closet or other convenient place. The main thing is to calculate everything so that all supply pipes are located with a sufficient slope (3 cm per 1 m) and are not too long. Otherwise you will have to use several pumps.
Tips for connecting a sewer pump for the kitchen:
- If several pressure sewer pumps are used, they must have individual entrances to a common riser or main. Connecting the outlet pipes from the pumps into one is prohibited.
- If the outlet pipe from the pump has an extended horizontal section, which is located below the pump level, then at the highest point it is necessary to install a valve (0.7 bar) to ensure air access after the pump is turned off.
- If the pump model requires air cooling of the electrical circuit, then a special plastic tube will be included with the pump, which must be inserted into a special hole in the housing and brought out vertically 50 - 80 cm above the pump. This will ensure a flow of air to cool the electrical circuits.
The outlet pipe from the pump must be made of hard plastic, such as polypropylene or polyethylene. Flexible corrugation cannot be used in pressure sewers.
A fecal pump is used to process and pump wastewater into a septic tank. In cases where it is impossible for wastewater to flow directly from the house into the septic tank, for example, if it is located far away, a collection well is installed next to the house, into which a sewage pump is installed. Sewage from the entire house flows into a collection well, where a pump crushes it and pumps it further into a septic tank for purification.
Also, installing a collection well is possible if the central sewer system is located at a distance and it is necessary to create a pressure capable of directing wastewater directly into it.
The most convenient option is purchase and installation KNS (Sewage Pumping Station). She represents plastic container of various volumes and shapes, the material of which is resistant to aggressive environments. The container is completely sealed and there is practically no danger of leaks. A fecal pump is installed inside the tank, which processes garbage and wastewater and pumps it further. Most often such pumps are submersible.
It is necessary to dig a pit of the required depth under the container. Only the hatch should remain on top. The bottom of the pit should be compacted, and then a concrete pad should be placed on top. To do this, crushed stone and sand are added, and then concrete is poured in a layer of 10 - 15 cm. After the concrete has hardened - after about a week - a sewerage station can be installed. It must be lowered carefully. The pump station must be strictly level - vertically.
The pump is connected strictly according to the instructions. For this purpose, a cable and chain are provided to lower and raise the pump. The outlet pipeline must be made with high quality by soldering or welding.
Then the KNS container must be filled with water, this will make it possible to sprinkle around the container. As the container is filled with water, the outside walls of the pump station can be filled with sand to the very top. The last 15 - 20 cm can be laid with turf. After fixing the pump station in the pit, the water can be drained.
Installing a sewer pump with your own hands is not a difficult task, but only if you strictly follow the instructions and do not make compromises. For example, you cannot install a sewage pump for a toilet in a collection well or connect a pump with a temperature limit of +35 °C to a washing machine. Directly for connecting the pump is provided detailed instructions. If suddenly you cannot figure it out on your own, do not take risks, seek help from professionals.
A sewage pumping station is used in cases where it is necessary to lift sewage from the depths and send it to the main sewer system. In this situation, the task was to forcefully pump the wastewater coming from the bathhouse into the central sewer system with the help of a pumping station. Initially, the customer wanted to supply it, but he had to be dissuaded, since TOPAS will not work if it does not contain sufficient food for bacteria.
Real Sewage Pumping Stations cost from 100 thousand rubles, we offered the customer an option similar to the standard sewage pumping station and made a non-standard one. In a standard sewage pumping station, 3 or more sewage drainage pumps with cutting mechanisms are installed. We installed one drainage pump with a knife inside the tube. The Alta Plast Tuba collector well is a good option for organizing a pumping station with your own hands. This tube is a model Alta Plast Tuba - 2.400, 2 meters high, in fact 210 cm with a sealed bottom and a closing lid.
How to choose the right sewage pumping station
In order for the pumping station for your sewer system to be as efficient as possible, you should select it carefully, guided by the criteria that we will outline below.
When choosing a station for your home, remember that there is absolutely no point in buying overly powerful and, therefore, much more expensive equipment, the capabilities of which will be used by a third or even a quarter. The selected unit should be optimal and fully meet the needs of your home. For this purpose, the following parameters must be taken into account:
- The distance over which wastewater is to be pumped.
- Maximum volume of processed waste.
- Level of wastewater pollution and its structural and qualitative composition. So, if there are large fractions in them, it makes sense to purchase a pumping station that includes a grinder that virtually eliminates the possibility of blockages.
- The height difference between the station entrance and the place where the wastewater is supplied.
- Equipment dimensions.
- Required level of wastewater treatment.
There are no universal formulas used when calculating equipment performance. For this reason, you should use the calculation algorithm, which, as a rule, is set out in the instructions attached to a specific CNS.
The required station capacity is calculated in the following sequence:
- the daily water consumption in the house and the volume of waste generated are determined;
- an approximate schedule of wastewater receipts for a daily period is constructed;
- the maximum and minimum values of the sewer flow are calculated;
- The required performance of the pumping station is determined taking into account the contamination of the wastewater.
By correctly determining the parameters listed above, you can accurately select the optimal equipment that will fully satisfy the needs of your home.
We have already talked about the prices for sewage pumping stations a little higher. Now we want to clarify that the price is a fairly eloquent indicator:
- brand popularity;
- maintainability of the product;
- equipment servicing capabilities.
Preference should not be given to cheap units if their operation will be daily and if there is no additional pumping equipment for evacuation and wastewater and no reserve tanks are provided.
How to install KNS
To begin with, we deliver the materials and tools necessary for installation to the installation site. We begin to dig a foundation pit for the pumping station and...
At the same time, we install a socket inside the tube to supply power to the fecal pump. A hole is drilled with a percussion and the cable is threaded through the corrugation. The cable is mounted to the socket, and the socket is screwed onto the walls of the tube with self-tapping screws.
The outlet pipe was already in the trench and led into the central sewer system; all that remained was to connect it to the station. We are digging a pit to install a sewage pumping station.
When the pit is dug to the required depth, in our case it is 225 cm, we make a sand cushion and level the bottom of the pit. We lay guides for lowering the reinforced concrete slab.
By this time they give us a ride reinforced concrete slab, with which we will anchor our unit. Since the crane board was physically unable to enter the yard, we transported the slab manually for about 30 meters.
The reinforced concrete slab is in place, you can begin to lower the tube into the pit.
Another good thing about the tube is that it is lightweight since it consists only of plastic; we easily lowered it and installed it in place. Next, using a cable, the tube was securely fastened to the reinforced concrete slab. Now you can install the outlet pipe (PND 32) and start burying.
The tube is, of course, buried with sand so that the backfill is dense. The electrical cable is laid in the trench.
To insert the supply sewer pipe into the station body, I needed to drill a hole for the jigsaw blade myself. A circle was cut out and wound up with a rubber seal.
All that remains is to bury...
pumped out the incoming waste.
KNS closed with a lid.
The HDPE 32 outlet pipe in the house is connected to the 50 gray sewer pipe through a transition rubber band, ensuring reliable fastening and tightness.
Overall, the customer was pleased with the work done and promised to recommend us to his friends.
The topic of sewer drains may seem unpleasant only to an inexperienced homeowner and only at first glance. Once problems arise with the sewer system, eliminating them becomes the most important task.
If problems with drains are regular, it makes sense to review the original project for errors. To eliminate them, a sewage pumping station may be needed. We will tell you how to install, operate and maintain it.
Sewage station or sewerage station is a device for the forced removal of solid and liquid waste. Such devices are most often used in industrial purposes.
But there are a number of pumping stations specially designed for use in domestic conditions. They are usually installed in private households with or where it is necessary to ensure the transportation of waste to the riser of a centralized sewer system.
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There are compact models of sewage pumping stations that can be installed under the kitchen sink. But you cannot connect a washing machine or dishwasher to such a device.
Should be considered permissible temperature drains installed by the manufacturer for each specific model. Thus, sewage pumping stations, into which warm but not too hot wastewater can be poured, are suitable for connecting to a shower stall, bathtub, toilet, bidet, kitchen sink and so on.
However, if there is an automatic washing machine, you should choose a sewer pumping station model for your home into which wastewater with a temperature of 90 degrees or higher can be discharged. It should be borne in mind that the operating mode of such equipment usually involves boiling.
All this also applies to the dishwasher, from which almost boiling liquid can flow into the drain. In addition to your current home needs, you should evaluate your plans to avoid having to purchase and install a new sewer plant.
If you plan to purchase a dishwasher in the future, it is better to immediately choose a KNS designed for drains with elevated temperature.
It is worth paying attention to the number and location of pipes. For each new household device that needs to be connected to, which may appear in the future, there must be a corresponding connection. Otherwise, there will simply be nowhere to connect it.
Conclusions and useful video on the topic
An overview of the compact sewage station for the toilet is presented here:
This video schematically depicts the installation process of a large pump station:
A sewerage plant can significantly improve life in your home. It is important to choose the right pump pump model and install it correctly. Correct operation and regular maintenance will ensure there are no problems with this useful device for many years.
