The invention relates to special devices intended primarily for straightening in the transverse direction crane tracks overhead cranes. Made in the form of a U-shaped overlay at the joint of the rails, equipped with clamping bolts of one rail and bolts for shifting the other rail installed on the vertical wall. The technical result consists in reducing labor costs for repairing the crane track of an overhead crane and increasing the safety of repair work at height. 1 p.f., 3 ill.
The utility model relates to tools and can be used when repairing the crane track of an overhead crane.
For the safe operation of load-lifting cranes, it is necessary to install reliable crane tracks that absorb all working loads from the crane and crane trolleys and transfer these loads to the base or building construction building. In addition, the rail track sets the direction of movement of the crane. The rail track design is carried out in accordance with the requirements of the “Rules for the design and safe operation of load-lifting cranes” PB 10-382-00. Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia, M., PIO OBT 2000.
Depending on the type of load-lifting crane, rail tracks are divided into ground tracks, used for installing tower and gantry cranes, and overhead tracks, on which overhead cranes are installed. The rail thread of overhead cranes consists of main and auxiliary elements. The main load-bearing elements include rails and crane beams. Auxiliary elements consist of a set of parts for fastening the base of the rails to the crane beams and crane beams to the columns of production buildings, as well as end stops and switching points.
The requirements for design deviations of rail tracks from the design position for overhead and gantry cranes are set out in the “Rules”, in particular, the mutual displacement of the ends of the joined rails in plan and height should not exceed 2 mm.
To maintain the track in a normal position, it is periodically monitored in order to check the stability of all parameters and carry out (if necessary) straightening and straightening of the track. (L.A. Nevzorov, Yu.I. Gudkov, M.D. Polosin. Design and operation of load-lifting cranes. - M.: IRPO; Publishing center "Academy", 2000, p. 359-364).
During periodic inspection of the crane track geometric dimensions and parameters of crane runway elements are checked by instrument control using measuring instruments and tools.
Straightening and straightening of ground tracks is carried out using universal tools, including a crowbar, a sledgehammer, various levers and tampers. (Recommendations for the design and safe operation of ground crane tracks, RD 50:48:0075.01.05, M., JSC Scientific and Production Center “Put K”, 2005, p. 50-51, 136).
The disadvantage of using the same tools when repairing overhead crane tracks of overhead cranes is the increased danger of performing these works, due to the need to apply significant physical force to the tool to shift the rail. When working at height with or without a walk-through gallery, this is extremely dangerous and risks workers falling down.
To repair overhead crane tracks and subcrane beams of bridge cranes, use the “Device for preventing collapse, straightening and raising bearing capacity crane beam" (Russia, patent 2209760, MPK V66S 7/00) and "Method of straightening split crane beams for overhead cranes" (Russia, patent 2235675, MPK V66S 7/00, V66S 7/00).
A mechanic's vice (Russia, patent 2247645, MPK 7 V25V 1/18) was chosen as a prototype of the proposal, the design of which includes: a body, jaws for gripping the product and a power exciter - a lead screw.
The disadvantage of using bench vices is their heavy weight and unsuitability for performing work on straightening (relative shift of rails) of overhead crane tracks of overhead cranes.
The objective of the utility model is to create a simple, convenient and safe device for straightening crane tracks, namely, for displacing the ends of the rails of an overhead crane track of an overhead crane.
The problem is solved by the fact that in a device for displacing the ends of abutting rails of a crane track of an overhead crane, which contains a rail gripper and a power exciter associated with it, the rail gripper is made in the form of a U-shaped lining installed at the joint of the rails, the size between the vertical walls of which exceeds the width the heads of the joined rails, and the height dimension is the height of the rail head, while on the vertical walls of the lining there are at least two pairs of clamping bolts for one rail and bolts for creating a force on the other rail.
Totality distinctive features proposals, namely, the use of a pad at the joint of the rails, equipped with bolts for fastening to one rail and bolts to create a force on the other rail, makes it possible to facilitate working conditions when straightening the crane track of an overhead crane at height and at the same time ensure convenience and increase the safety of performing these works.
The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows general form threads of the crane track of an overhead crane and installation on it of a device for relative displacement of the ends of the rails, in Fig. 2 - section А-А in figure 1, in figure 3 - section B-B in figure 1.
Device for displacing the ends of the abutting rails of the crane track of an overhead crane made in the form of an overlay 1 having a U-shaped cross-section. The size between the vertical walls 2 of the lining 1 exceeds the size of the rail head 3, and the height dimension exceeds the height of the rail head. On the vertical walls 2 there are clamps in the form of less than two pairs of bolts 4. In addition, on the vertical walls 2 there are bolts 5.
Device operation.
The cover 1 is installed at the joint 6 of rails 3 and 7, one of which (3) is fixed to the crane beam 8 with fasteners 9, and the other (7) is detached from it, i.e. fastening parts 9 are removed and rail 7 is able to move across the crane thread. Using clamping bolts 4, the cover 1 is rigidly fastened to rail 3. Then bolts 5 are screwed in, which act on the detached rail 7 and displace its head relative to the head of rail 3 fixed to the crane beam. After eliminating the displacement of the ends of rails 3 and 7 (control is carried out visually by leveling the soles) this position is fixed by, for example, welding a movement limiter made in the form of a plate 10 to the crane beam 8. Upon completion of this work, the previously removed parts 9 are installed on rail 7 and the cover plate 1 is removed from the joint. This completes the repair the crane runway ends.
The company has developed, manufactured and tested a prototype of a portable device for displacing the ends of the P 75 rails of the crane track of overhead cranes with a lifting capacity of 50 t.
The created device makes it possible to reduce the labor intensity of straightening the crane runway and increase the safety of performing this work at height.
A device for displacing the ends of the abutting rails of a crane track of an overhead crane, containing a rail gripper and a power exciter associated with it, characterized in that the rail gripper is made in the form of a U-shaped lining installed at the joint of the rails, the size between the vertical walls of which exceeds the width of the head of the abutted rails, and the height dimension is the height of the head of the joined rails, while on the vertical walls of the lining there are clamps of one joined rail, made in the form of at least two pairs of bolts, and bolts to create a force effect on the other joined rail.
Similar patents:
The device for replacing the running wheels and balancer of an electric double-girder overhead crane relates to hoisting and transport engineering and can be used when replacing the running wheels and balancer of an overhead crane, with the end beams of the crane offset from each other. The device allows the use of a lifting mechanism cargo trolley for hanging one side of the bridge of an overhead crane to replace the running wheels or balancer.
Radio remote control system (RCS) refers to control and regulatory systems general purpose, namely, to means and control systems for lifting overhead electric cranes. System remote control load-lifting support and suspension cranes (SDU) is designed for remote control via radio using a remote control over a single-girder or double-girder overhead crane with a lifting capacity of up to 10 tons.
The overhead crane manipulator belongs to the hoisting and transport engineering industry and is intended for use in control systems for mobile load-lifting cranes. The technical result of the proposed solution is aimed at increasing the reliability of the overhead crane and increasing the service life of the electrical equipment of the manipulator. The proposed control system for a mobile load-lifting crane allows you to reduce the cost of installing electrical equipment, as well as reduce the number and time of troubleshooting during operation of the manipulator bridge crane. Renting lifting cranes is cheaper than buying them.
The path of an overhead crane consists of main and auxiliary elements. The main elements of the overhead crane path are crane beams and rails. Auxiliary elements of the track include the under-rail bed, elements for fastening the rail to the crane beam, brake beams or trusses, elements for fastening beams to columns, and end stops. When choosing the type of crane beams, loads, span size and crane operating mode are taken into account.
Crane beams are made of metal or reinforced concrete. For heavy duty work and large spans, they are used metal beams, manufactured in accordance with SNiP II-B. 3—72 " Steel structures. Design standards" and SNiP III-B. 5—62 " Metal constructions. Rules for manufacturing, installation and acceptance." Reinforced concrete crane beams are used for light and medium duty cranes and are manufactured in accordance with SNiP III-B. l—70 “Concrete and reinforced concrete structures monolithic, Rules for the production and acceptance of work" and SNiP III-16-73 "Prefabricated concrete and reinforced concrete structures."
For crane tracks of overhead single-girder cranes, narrow gauge railway rails are used in accordance with GOST 6368-52* or hot-rolled square steel rounded corners. The rolled product is secured by welding. The types and cross-sections of rails for double-girder overhead cranes are selected depending on the lifting capacity of the overhead crane and its operating mode.
The use of rails in the construction of tracks is more expedient compared to rental square profile, since fastening the rails can be ensured in the simplest and most reliable way, allowing the track to be straightened during operation, which is taken into account by the State Standard. When choosing the type of rails, preference is given to special rails of the KP type in accordance with GOST 4121-76. These rails have a wide base, due to which the pressure from the running wheels is distributed over the upper belt of the beam more evenly. For heavy-duty cranes, it is recommended to use only KP crane rails.
For cranes with a lifting capacity of 10-30 t in light and medium operating modes, special profile rails KR-70 are used in accordance with GOST 4121-76. In some cases (in the absence of KR-70 rails), it is allowed to use R-38 railway rails in accordance with GOST 4224-54* for cranes with a lifting capacity of 10 tf and R-43 for cranes with a lifting capacity of 20 tf. Within one temperature block, rails, as a rule, are prepared in the form of one welded strand. Welding of rails is carried out butt by contact electric welding.
Expansion joints in the rails are provided close to expansion joints crane beams. The width of the rail head is taken to be 20–40 mm less than the distance between the flanges of the running wheel.
Crane rails of supporting cranes must be fastened in such a way that the possibility of their lateral and longitudinal displacement during operation and movement of the crane is excluded.
The fastening of rails to crane beams is carried out differently depending on the type of crane beams (metal, reinforced concrete) and the operating mode of the cranes. Usually a collapsible fastening is used, which provides the possibility of horizontal straightening of the track. The rules for cranes allow fastening of rails by welding, but such fastening is used for cranes with manual drive mechanisms, as well as for cranes easy mode work with a lifting capacity of up to 30 t inclusive. To evenly distribute the load on the track, soften impacts and jolts, as well as reduce wear and displacement of the rail, it is recommended that the rails be installed on an elastic pad along the entire length of the track. For these purposes, rubberized fabrics with a thickness of 8 - 10 mm with a double-sided rubber lining of type A-1 and A-2 or B are used in accordance with GOST 20-76 “Rubber-fabric conveyor belts”, and flat, drive, fabric, rubberized belts can also be used with double-sided rubber lining with a total thickness of 8 - 10 mm.
The most common methods of fastening rails to crane beams are fastening clamping bars(Fig. 9.1) and fastening with paired hooks with washers with a diameter of 22 mm.
Many new progressive methods for fastening rails to crane beams have been developed. These include, for example, fastenings using vertical metal ribs, springs of low-modulus (rubber-metal) gaskets, cast metal sleepers, etc.
Source
The company DM Group LLC provides services for the repair of ground crane tracks for overhead cranes. In addition, we carry out repairs of electrical equipment, mechanisms and metal structures of crane equipment. Our teams consist of experienced specialists from various fields. The work is guaranteed. The activity is licensed by the FSB, there is SRO approval, and a nuclear license. Experience, skills and accumulated knowledge allow us to solve problems of any complexity.
Repair, inspection, leveling, straightening crane tracks
When is repair of ground crane tracks of overhead cranes carried out?
Repair of crane tracks of overhead cranes means their initial inspection with identification of defects and carrying out restoration work. On initial stage inspection is being carried out load-bearing beams, horizontal-altitude survey, an assessment of the condition of the guides, etc. is given. When performing repair work, the structure is often strengthened, the current supply is replaced with a new busbar in a special box-shaped housing.
Repair of crane tracks of an overhead crane - technologically difficult process. It is carried out based on the results of a planned comprehensive inspection of lifting equipment and a thorough check of all parts of the structure. Urgent repair work is necessary when, based on the results of a monthly inspection or periodic maintenance, operational problems or defects in the design of the equipment are clearly visible. Routine inspection must be carried out by the driver. Its results are reflected in a separate logbook.
The importance of leveling and repairing crane tracks of overhead cranes
Leveling the ground crane tracks of overhead cranes contributes to the impeccable performance of the plan-height layout of the track. This allows you to quickly and easily move lifting mechanisms. Leveling is mandatory to ensure the safe operation of new crane equipment.
Types of repair of ground crane tracks for overhead cranes
When inspecting the ground crane tracks of an overhead crane, rail defects are identified, the condition of the fastenings and grounding device is checked, and a decision is made on repairs. If malfunctions are detected, the crane operator must report their presence to the persons responsible for maintaining the crane runway in good working order. Prompt measures are being taken to eliminate problems. Repair happens:
- according to technical condition;
- current planned and unforeseen;
- capital planned.
Repair work involves dismantling tracks, identifying defects, assessing technical condition, restoring and assembling the structure. It is possible to replace rails, their fastenings, supporting elements and track equipment.
If necessary, the rail threads are straightened, the track is straightened, gaps are adjusted, and the functionality of the grounding device is restored. At repair work and performing leveling of ground crane tracks of overhead cranes Special attention is paid to the condition of sleepers and beam structural elements. Specialists check the functionality of the supporting elements.
Strengthening the crane runway is required when the customer wants to install a crane with large lifting characteristics. When using existing tracks, properly reinforced structures will allow the new machine to be used safely to move loads.
Risk of emergency situations and accidents
Leveling can be carried out at certain intervals, since the position of the tracks on the ground is not stable during constant operation of crane equipment. Leveling and timely repairs crane tracks for overhead cranes will minimize the risk of emergency situations and accidents.
