Morphological analysis of the participle word in a sentence. Morphological analysis of participles. Plan for morphological analysis of the participle

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Enter any word, then click "parse". After this, you will receive an analysis in which the part of speech, case, gender, tense and everything else will be written. Because Since the parsing is carried out out of context, several parsing options may be offered, among which you will need to choose the correct one. The parsing is performed automatically by the computer, so sometimes there may be errors. Be careful, online analysis is intended to help, and not for thoughtless rewriting. Note about the letter Yo: do not replace it with E.

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In order not to experience difficulties in the scheme morphological analysis words or in the order of parsing, you should not automatically remember the sequence and principle of parsing. It is most effective to focus on identifying the general features of parts of speech, and then move on to the specific features of this form. At the same time, the general parsing logic must be preserved. Parts of speech will also help you.

The following examples of morphological parsing will help you understand the pattern of parsing words in a sentence in the Russian language. However, it should be remembered that the presence of text is a prerequisite for correct parsing of parts of speech, because morphological parsing is a characteristic of a word (as a part of speech), taking into account the specifics of its use.

Let's consider examples morphological analysis.

Morphological analysis of a noun

1. initial form (in the nominative case, singular);
2. proper or common noun;
3. animate or inanimate;
4. declination
5. number;
6. case;
7. role in the sentence.

Noun(sample parsing):
Text: Babies love to drink milk.
Milk – noun, initial form – milk, common noun, inanimate, neuter, 2nd declension, accusative case, singular (no plural), direct object.

Adjective parsing plan

1. initial form – infinitive (nominative case, singular);
2. category (qualitative, relative or possessive);
3. short or complete (only about qualitative);
4. degree of comparison (qualitative only);
5. gender (singular only);
6. case;
7. number;
8. role in the sentence.

Adjective(sample parsing):
Text: Alyonushka collected a basket full of mushrooms.
Full – adjective, initial form – complete; qualitative: complete; in the positive (zero) degree of comparison, in the neuter gender, accusative case, is an object.

Numeral(order of parsing):

1. initial form (nominative case for quantitative, nominative case, singular, masculine for ordinal);
2. rank by value (quantitative, ordinal);
3. category by composition (simple, complex, composite);
4. case;
5. gender and number (for ordinal and some quantitative ones);
6. role in the sentence.

Numeral (sample parsing):
Text: Four days have flown by.
Four is a numeral, the initial form is four, quantitative, simple, in the nominative case, has no number and gender, is the subject.

Pronoun(order of parsing):

1. initial form (nominative case, singular, if modified by number and gender);
2. rank by value;
3. gender (if any);
4. case
5. number (if any);
6. role in the sentence.

Pronoun (sample parsing):
Text: Crystal raindrops dripped from her.
She - pronoun, initial form - she, personal, 3rd person, feminine, genitive case, singular, adverbial place.

Morphological analysis of the verb

1. infinitive (initial form);
2. returnable or non-returnable;
3. transitive or intransitive;
4. conjugation;
5. mood;
6. tense (for the indicative mood);
7. person (for present, future and imperative);
8. gender (for the past tense and conditional mood in the singular);
9. number;
10. role in the sentence.

Verb (parsing example):
Text: They told the truth without fear of condemnation.
They said - verb, initial form - say, irrevocative, intransitive, perfective, 1st conjugation, in the indicative mood, past tense, plural, is a predicate.

Participle(order of parsing):

1. initial form (nominative case, singular, masculine);
2. infinitive;
3. time;
4. returnable or non-returnable (for valid);
5. transitive or intransitive (for active);
6. full or short (for the passive);
7. gender (for singular);
8. case;
9. number;
10. role in the sentence.

Participle (sample parsing):
Text: I look at the falling leaves and feel sad.
Falling - participle, initial form - falling, from the verb to fall, imperfect form, present tense, irreversible, intransitive, feminine, accusative, singular, agreed definition.

Participle(order of parsing):

1. verb from which it is derived;
2. returnable or non-returnable;
3. transitive or intransitive;
4. role in the sentence.

Participle (sample of parsing):

Text: When you go abroad, you feel sad about home.
Leaving – gerund, from the verb “to leave”, imperfect form, irrevocable, intransitive, adverbial manner of action.

Adverb(order of parsing):

1. category by meaning (attributive or adverbial);
2. degree of comparison (if any).

Adverb (parsing example):
Text: The sun rose higher and the clouds cleared.
Above is an adverb, adverbial of place, is an adverb of place, comparative degree.

Video

Something is not clear? There is a good video on the topic for adjectives:

The order of analysis in your class may differ from the proposed one, so we advise you to check with your teacher about the requirements for analysis.

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2. Initial form.

3. The infinitive of the verb from which this participle is formed.

4. Constant signs (verbs):

a) type and method of action;

b) transitivity;

c) repayment;

d) collateral and shades of the meaning of the average returnable collateral;

e) class and type of conjugation;

f) form of active or passive participle;

g) time (present, past);

h) from what verb stem and with the help of what suffix it is formed.

5. Inconstant signs (adjective):

a) full or short form (for passive participles);

b) type of declination (hard or mixed version);

e) case (for participles in full form);

f) what word it depends on.

6. Function in a sentence.

7. Spelling features.

The order of morphological analysis of gerunds

1. Part of speech (special form of the verb).

2. Initial form.

3. Infinitive of the verb from which this gerund is derived

4. Signs:

a) type and method of action;

b) transitivity;

c) repayment;

d) collateral and shades of medium-refundable collateral;

e) class and type of conjugation;

f) from which verb stem and with the help of which suffix is ​​it formed

g) temporary value.

5. Function in a sentence.

6. Spelling features.

ORDER OF MORPHOLOGICAL PARAGRAPHING OF AN ADVERB

1. Part of speech.

2. Classification of adverbs by meaning.

3. Class of adverb by education.

4. Degree of comparison, form of subjective assessment (for qualitative adverbs).

5. Method of word formation.

6. Function in a sentence.

7. Spelling features.

ORDER OF MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS

1. Part of speech.

4. Degree of comparison (for words of the state category, correlative in formation with qualitative adjectives).

5. Which part of speech are they related to by education?

6. Method of word formation.

7. Function in a sentence.

8. Spelling features.

ORDER OF MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF PREPOSITION

1. Part of speech.

2. To express what relationships this preposition is used.

3. Classification of prepositions according to morphological structure and in relation to significant parts of speech.

4. Classification of prepositions according to structure.

5. In what case is it used and can it be used with other cases.

6. Spelling features.

ORDER OF MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE UNION

1. Part of speech.

2. Union category according to morphological composition.

3. Class according to the nature of the relationships expressed (coordinating or subordinating).

4. Discharge by value (connective, separating, temporary, target, etc.)

5. Class by use (single, repeated, double).

5. Rank by education

6. Connects members of a sentence or parts of a complex sentence.

7. Spelling features.

ORDER OF MORPHOLOGICAL DISASSEMBLY OF PARTICLES

1. Part of speech.

2. Place by value.

3. Rank by function.

4. Which part of speech does this particle correspond to by formation?

5. Which word (group of words, entire sentence) does it refer to?

6. Position in speech (prepositive, postpositive).

7. Spelling features.

ORDER OF MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF MODAL WORDS

1. Part of speech.

2. Place by value.

3. Correlation with other parts of speech by education.

4. Function in a sentence.

ORDER OF MORPHOLOGICAL PARAGRAPHING OF INTERJECTIVES

1. Interjection rank by meaning.

2. Class by method of education and origin

ORDER OF PARAGRAPHING PHRASES

1. Select a phrase from a sentence (if the task does not provide ready-made word combinations).

2. Indicate the initial form of the phrase (if it does not coincide with the highlighted one, note why).

3. Determine the type of phrase by volume: simple or complex (formation of a complex phrase).

4. Indicate the main and dependent words (components).

5. Indicate which parts of speech are the main and dependent words (collocation scheme).

6. Determine the type of phrase based on the morphological nature of the main word: nominal (substantive, adjective, pronominal, with a numeral), verbal, adverbial.

7. Determine the grammatical meaning of the phrase (taking into account the lexical and grammatical meanings of the components).

8. Determine the nature of the syntactic relationships between the components of the phrase: attributive, objective, adverbial. Indicate the type of circumstantial relations: temporal, spatial, causal, target, etc.

9. Determine the type of syntactic connection (coordination, control, adjacency) and give its full description; indicate the grammatical means of expressing the connection between the components of the phrase.

a) agreement; which part of speech agrees with the word being defined and in what way it agrees (categories common to these parts of speech); full or incomplete agreement; grammatical way of expressing a connection (inflection of a dependent word);

b) management; type of control based on the main word (verb, substantive, adjectival, adverbial); by the presence or absence of a preposition (prepositional, non-prepositional); according to the degree of dependence of the components (strong, weak); dependent word case; grammatical way of expressing connections (inflection, preposition, word order with weak control);

c) adjacency; what part of speech or word form is adjacent; way of expressing connections (meaning, word order, rhythmic and melodic means).

10. Determine the type of phrase based on the degree of cohesion of the components: syntactically free or syntactically not free - integral.

11. Indicate the function of the phrase or its components in a sentence.

During the lesson, you will become familiar with the plan for analyzing the participle as a part of speech, repeat the signs of the participle (constant and inconstant) and its syntactic role. You will also be able to independently make a morphological analysis of several participles and test (consolidate) your knowledge.

Topic: Communion

Lesson: Morphological analysis of participles

Morphological analysis of the participle includes the identification of permanent and non-permanent features.

Constant, unchangeable features are verbal features: aspect, tense, voice; and the non-constant features are the features of an adjective: full or short form, number, gender, case.

I. Indicate the part of speech.

II. Morphological characteristics.

1. Initial form (Im.p., singular, male).

2. Permanent signs:

1) active or passive;

3. Variable signs:

1) full or short form (for passive participles);

4) case (for participles in full form).

Sh. Syntactic function.

Secluded monastery illuminated the rays of the sun seemed to float in the air...

I. Illuminated (monastery) - participle, denotes the attribute of an object by action.

II. Morphological characteristics. 1. Initial form - illuminated

2. Permanent signs:

1) passive participle;

2) past tense;

3) perfect appearance.

3. Variable signs:

1) full form;

2) singular;

3) masculine;

4) nominative case.

III. Syntactic function.

In a sentence is an agreed upon definition.

Homework

Exercise No. 131.Baranova M.T., Ladyzhenskaya T.A. and others. “Russian language. 7th grade". Textbook. 34th ed. - M.: Education, 2012.

Exercise. Copy the text using punctuation marks. Make a morphological analysis of participles.

Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin is a famous landscape painter who depicted the beauty of nature in his paintings. The brilliant artist, who painted mainly the most powerful and tallest pine-oak forests, was called by his contemporaries the hero of the Russian forest. The work of the artist, who deeply and devotedly loved Russian nature, was connected with our region. Wonderful landscapes depicting the views of the Elabuga environs continue to live on the painter’s canvases.

Russian language. Participle.

Didactic materials. Section "Communion"

3. Online store of the publishing house "Lyceum" ().

Spelling participles. Exercises.

Literature

1. Razumovskaya M.M., Lvova S.I. and others. “Russian language. 7th grade". Textbook. 13th ed. - M.: Bustard, 2009.

2. Baranova M.T., Ladyzhenskaya T.A. and others. “Russian language. 7th grade". Textbook. 34th ed. - M.: Education, 2012.

3. “Russian language. Practice. 7th grade". Ed. Pimenova S.N. 19th ed. - M.: Bustard, 2012.

4. Lvova S.I., Lvov V.V. "Russian language. 7th grade. At 3 o'clock." 8th ed. - M.: Mnemosyne, 2012.

Participle- a special form of the verb, denotes a characteristic of an object by action (an object acquires a characteristic as a result of its action or the influence of another object on it), answers questions Which? which? which? which?

This is a grammatical form that combines the characteristics of a verb and an adjective. It is formed from a verb with the help of certain suffixes: vezyat - lucky, read - readable.

1. Specify part of speech: participle is a special form of a verb (specify which one), denotes a characteristic of an object by action.
   • What question does it answer? - Which? which? Which? which?
   • The initial form is the nominative singular masculine case (like adjectives).
   • General grammatical meaning is a sign of an object by action;
2. Morphological characteristics:
   • Constant signs(signs of a verb: aspect, transitivity and intransitivity of action, reflexivity, voice, tense):
     • view(which action?):
       • perfect (SV - you can ask a question what did you do?):worked, rang;
       • imperfect (NSV - you can ask a question what did it do?) :shining, working, ringing;
     • transitivity :
       • transitive (you can substitute a noun or pronoun in the accusative case without a preposition): writing a letter;
       • intransitive: flying;
     • repayment :
       • returnable: luminous Xia, fighting Xia, building Xia ;
       • non-refundable: shining, building;
     • pledge(sign based on the action of an item):
       • real - denotes a sign of an object that is created by the action of the object itself: reading, reading, shining, shining.
       • passive - a sign of an object that is created by the action of another object: readable, read;
     • time(the participle has no future form):
       • present (only for imperfect participles): crying, healing, growing;
       • past (for perfect and imperfect participles): cried, was treated (NSV), grew up, read (SV) - read (NSV), read (SV), read (SV);
   • Variable signs(signs of an adjective: gender, number, case, full and short forms. Gender, number, case are determined by gender, number, case of the word being defined and by the end of the participle.):
     • full or short form (only passive participles have a short form);
     • case (for full participles)
     • number: running - running, done - done;
     • gender (for singular participles): done, done, done ;
   • Syntactic role(role in a sentence) - definition and predicate:
     • Definition (full form only): illuminated courtyard ;
     • The nominal part of a compound nominal predicate (usually in short form): The yard is lit.

Examples of morphological analysis of participles.

The room was papered with pink wallpaper.

• Oral analysis.
  • papered over(room) - participle, because denotes an attribute of an object by action:
    room ( what?) papered - room ( what did they do with?), which was pasted over;
  • papered over derived from the verb paste over. Initial form - pasted over.
  • Has constant morphological characteristics:
    • passive;
    • past tense;
    • perfect form;
  • Variable morphological characteristics:
    • Consistent with the words room,
    • used in short form,
    • units
    • feminine
  • In a sentence it is the nominal part of a compound predicate - was pasted over.
• Written analysis.

  Papered (room) - participle

  1. room (what?) is papered, n.f. pasted over, from the verb to paste over
  2. Constant signs: suffering, past time, perfect appearance
  3. non-post signs: short form in singular, female form.
  4. In a sentence it is the nominal part of a compound predicate.

impending (darkness) - parable, from the verb to approach, n.f.; valid, returned, present time, unsov.v., full f.; unit, m.r., i.p. or V.p.

People running along the road quickly disappeared around the bend.

Running- pr., n.f. — running, from the verb to run/run, active, complete, non-conventional, irrevocable, intransitive, present tense, ip., plural, people ( which?) running - definition.

In the bag there was a letter that I had not sent.

(not) sent- par., n.f. - sent, from send, suffer., complete, sov.vid., non-returnable, transitional, past time, I.p., singular, average r., a letter (which one?) not sent by me - a definition expressed by a participial phrase.

Attention!

• Correctly identify the part of speech: adjectives, nouns, and adverbs can be confused with participles. But, unlike participles, time is not determined, there is no meaning of action, there is a figurative lexical meaning. Unlike an adjective and an adverb, a participle has a direct lexical meaning.
  Eg.
  • (adj.) whitening (one that turns white) - (adj.) white (sweet)
  • (adv.) meaning given (to a word) - (noun) dowry for a bride,
  • (adv.) more beautiful NN recent fence - (adj.) more beautiful n th fence,
  • quickly (adv.) current flow - at the current moment.
• Participles agree with the noun, pronoun in gender, number and case, so case, gender and number of participles are determined by the case, gender and number of nouns/pronouns, like adjectives.
• Only passive participles have and full and short form.
• In short form, passive participles change:
  • by numbers: problem solved - problems solved;
  • by gender in the singular: the house is built, the cottage is built, the nest is built.
• Gender is indicated for participles in singular.
• Refundable participles refer to valid participles and are formed from reflexive verbs.
• The voice of the participle (passive or active) depends on the transitivity of the verb, and the tense of the participle depends on the type of verb from which it is formed:
  • Valid participles are formed from transitional And intransitive verbs, and passive- only from transitional.
  • All present participle - imperfect form and are formed from verbs imperfect kind.
  • From verbs perfect only participles are formed past tense: do - done, done.

Derivative suffixes of participles

will tell you the voice, tense and from which verb the participle is formed:

Verb		Participle
Transitivity	View	Valid		Passive
determines the voice of the participle	determines the time of communion	present time	last time	present time	last time
Transitional	NSV	1 cl.: -ush-/-yush- 2 cl.: -ash-/-box-	-vsh- -sh-	1 cl.: -eat-/-om- 2 cl.: -them-	-nn- -enn- -t- (rarely)
	NE	—	-vsh- -sh-	—	-nn- -enn- -T-
Intransitive	NSV	1 cl.: -ush-/-yush- 2 cl.: -ash-/-box-	-vsh- -sh-	—	—
	NE	—	-vsh- -sh-	—	—

• Active present participle are formed from the stem of present tense verbs using suffixes:
  • -ush-/-yush-
    write - write (present) - writing, think - think - thinking;
  • -ash-/-box- - from verb II sp.:
    lie - lie - lying asch oh, stand - stand - a hundred box y, boast - boast - praise box yes
• Passive present participles are formed from the present tense transitional verbs :
  • —eat-/-om- - formed from the verb I sp.:
    subtract - subtract - subtract eat y, lead - lead - lead ohm th;
  • -them- - from verb II sp.:
    glue - glue - glue them oh, hear - hear - hear them th;
• Active past participle are formed from the infinitive stem:
  • -vsh - (after a vowel):
    glue - glue Vsh oh, cherish - cherish Vsh oh, hope - hope Vsh yes;
  • -sh- (after a consonant):
    carry - carried w oh, take it - take it w th;
• Passive past participles are formed from the infinitive stem transitional verbs:
  • -nn- (if the stem ends in a, i, e ):
    crown A t - crown A NN oh, paintings A th - paintings A NN oh, fall out I th - fallout I NN oh, really I th - now I NN th;
  • -enn- (if the stem ends in And or to a consonant):
    faded And th - whitened enne oh, check out And t - leave enne oh, grow up And t - grow enne oh, yeah And t - like enne y; carried away whose - carried away enne y; hi h you - brought it enne y;
  • -T- : wiped T oh, wash up T oh, beat me T th

The grammatical features of participles, unfortunately, are not revealed by any one dictionary. This part of speech is quite difficult to study, and textbooks and teachers do not always present such topics in an accessible way. Therefore, you have to figure it out yourself, look for examples of participles, study the morphological analysis of participles online in order to master the information at a high level.

Participles are related to verbs, but answer the questions of the adjective: which one? which? etc. For example: Find out - recognized, run - running. You can “guess” this part of speech using suffixes; they are highlighted in large numbers in the article.

Participles, when they denote an action performed by someone independently, are called active. If this action is performed on someone, then this is a passive participle. Examples: Gone - he left himself - active voice, paved - he was paved - passive.

Morphological analysis of a participle is the determination of grammatical features. Some of the signs of the participle are taken from adjectives (case, gender, number). Participles are always associated with some kind of noun: Cafe (what?) closed, story (what?) read. For example: Readable magazines – instrumental case, plural. There is only one ticket for the purchased ticket. number, masculine dative case. The initial form is considered to be units. number, m. gender, name. case

Participles can be short: realized, closed, sawn, combed. Short words in a sentence will be predicates (this is their syntactic role). The complete ones will be definitions.

The remaining signs are from the verb. To better understand them, you need to study the morphological analysis of participles online for free. The signs are associated with the verb from which the participle comes: throw is a transitive, irrevocable, perfective verb. This means that the participle “abandoned” is also irrevocable, transitive, perfect. kind. The time of the participle is not difficult to determine by its meaning: SHOOTING - now shooting - present, SEEN - he has already been seen - past. It is important to remember: participles never have a future tense!

Let's remember the terminology. Transitivity allows you to connect with a noun in the accusative or genitive case without a preposition. Those. can you beat someone? or what? - laziness, opponent, fighter. Therefore, “overcome” is a transitive verb, and “overcame” is a transitive participle.

A verb has a perfect form if it answers the question “what to do?” Imperfect view - the question “what to do?”

The reflexivity of a participle or a verb is the presence of –Сь- or –СЯ- at the end. Otherwise they are considered non-refundable.

If it is difficult to identify features, you can use information about suffixes. By suffixes it is easy to find out whether it is active or passive, as well as the tense:

For real present tenses the suffix will be –УШ-, -УШЧ-, -АШ- or –ЯШ-;

The actual past has the suffixes –Ш- or –ВШ-;

Present passives are distinguished by the suffix -OM-, -EM- or –IM-;

Past passives - with the suffix -NN-, -ENN- or –T-.

We present a morphological analysis of the participle sample, and we will analyze the participle from the sentence: “Clouds floated over the falling asleep village.”

(Above) the one falling asleep - communion.

1. Above the village (which one?) - falling asleep. The initial form is falling asleep.

2. Constant (i.e. unchangeable) signs: real, present. time, imperfect form; Variable (change from text to text) features: unity. number, male gender, instrumental case.

3. The village (what?) is falling asleep. The sentence will be a definition, underlined with a wavy line.