Anemone genus, which includes more than one hundred and fifty species, belongs to the Buttercup family and has been successfully grown in our gardens for many years when planting and caring for open ground.
The word anemone comes to us from Greek and means “daughter of the winds.” It is not surprising that another name for this flower is “anemone”.
Types and varieties
The easiest way to classify anemones is by season.
Spring anemones They fade quickly, their inflorescences have a delicate pastel color, some varieties have double flowers.
Anemone tender or hood it is a low flower, reaching a maximum of 10 cm in height. The most common varieties are: Blue Shadows (blue), Enchantress (pink) and Lush (white).
Reaches 30 cm in height, flowers are small, usually white, but there are lilac, blue, scarlet varieties. This is a rather unpretentious species.
It also attracts with its unpretentiousness; the distinctive thing is that it can grow in almost all soils. The flowers are yellow and small.
TO autumn anemones include: Japanese , hybrid And crowned .
Typically, plants of this type are large perennial bushes with massive roots. Flowering accordingly occurs in late summer - early autumn.
It blooms twice - in June and autumn.
Tall variety, growing above half a meter. The flowers are simple, the color varies depending on the variety.
Pretty too tall view with double or semi-double pink flowers.
Anemone planting and care
Caring for anemone does not seem particularly difficult. The most important thing is humidity during the growth period of green mass. The whole point is that when high humidity the roots may rot, and if it is low, the size of the bush and the quality of flowering will be damaged.
To normalize the moisture level, you should plant flowers in an elevated, well-drained area. It will also be useful to cover the soil around the planted flowers with mulch.
In the spring, during the growing season, anemone will need one watering for 7 days. In summer, when the heat is moderate, watering is not necessary (crown anemone needs to be watered in summer during flowering). If the summer is hot, then water the flowers a little every day in the morning or late in the evening.
During the flowering period, anemones need to be fertilized with liquid organic fertilizers(except for fresh manure), and in the fall - with complex fertilizing.
You also need to perform procedures such as loosening the soil and removing weeds. In this case, you cannot use glanders, since the roots of anemones are very delicate.
Do I need to dig up anemones for the winter?
In cold winters with the arrival of autumn, anemones should not be left in the soil. The tubers must be carefully dug up, dried a little, the stem cut off and placed in sand, placed in a dark and cool place. At the same time, the room should not be too damp, like a cellar.
If in your area warm winter, then you can simply cover the area with leaves or spruce branches.
Anemones planting tubers in autumn
Anemone can be propagated by seed, tubers and root division.
To plant anemones, you need to choose a site located in the shade, where the flowers will not be reached by gusts of wind.
The main requirements for the substrate are fertility and drainage, as well as neutral or alkaline acidity. The composition is suitable for loam or leaf soil.
Before planting, the anemone roots dug up in the fall need to be “awakened” by placing them in warm water for a couple of hours. When they get wet, deepen them into sand mixed with peat by 5 cm. Water the material from time to time, but do not overdo it.
Anemone propagation by dividing rhizomes
This procedure is usually carried out in the spring. Individuals are dug up and the roots are divided, or the roots dug up in the fall are divided into parts. In this case, the cut is powdered charcoal and dry a little. Part of the root must be at least 5 cm long and have a bud on it.
The material is deepened into the ground 5 cm in a horizontal position. Anemones obtained from parts of the root will become adults only after three years. In addition, to obtain results, this procedure can only be performed with plants at least 4 years old.
Growing anemone from seeds
If you want to grow a flower from seeds, then know that collecting the seeds is quite difficult. You need to wait until the flower dries and collect small fluffy lumps of seeds.
In addition, they have a low germination rate, but if they are stratified over a couple of months, their germination rate can be increased. To do this, plant the material in containers with loose soil and bury it in the garden, covering it with branches. Thus, the seeds will undergo natural cooling, and in the spring you will be able to plant them.
It is possible to stratify seeds in room conditions, but this process is too troublesome.
Diseases and pests
- In general, anemones hardly get sick. It happens that they are attacked by slugs, but you can get rid of this pest by placing a container of chlorinated water next to the flowers.
- Nematode damage is also common. In this case, the roots of the plant suffer, it becomes covered with spots and dies. If your anemone has contracted this pest, it must be destroyed and the soil disinfected.
- Plants may bloom later if you did not dig them up for the winter. This also happens if you add too much organic fertilizer.
Anemone is a beautiful flowering perennial plant from the Ranunculaceae family. IN wildlife grows at the foot of mountains and on plains in the shade of trees. There are more than 120 plant species, which differ not only in the shape and color of the inflorescences, but also in the structure of the root system. Anemones with rhizomes do not require complex care; they can be grown on almost any garden plot, tuberous specimens are more capricious and demanding. An exquisite anemone - planting and caring for it is complicated by frequent watering, fertilizing and the need to provide winter shelter.
Planting anemones in the garden
A flower can reproduce in several ways:
- seeds,
- tubers,
- dividing a bush or rhizome.
Growing anemones from seeds is not difficult, but given that their germination rate is extremely low (only 25%), this method is not often practiced. Gardeners prefer to buy and plant tubers, or propagate existing bushes on the site by dividing them.
Choosing a site for growing anemones
Before you start planting, you should carefully select a place for the flower garden. Many varieties differ from each other in their maintenance conditions, but they all do not like drafts and gusts of cold wind.
Shade-loving anemones - such plants should be planted in a shady part of the garden, under the canopy of trees, among shrubs. They will grow well on the north side of the house, where it is dark and cool, and the soil always remains moist. These species include Altai anemone, Amur anemone, Udin anemone and others.
Shade-tolerant anemones: Canadian, forked, forest. Such plants also prefer partial shade, but for good growth and development they must receive sufficient amounts sunlight. Best place on the site: open glades on the eastern side among shrubs or trees with an openwork crown that do not shade, but only scatter the sun’s rays (rowan, sea buckthorn).
Light-loving species grow in the wild in the Mediterranean: Caucasian anemone, tender, crowned. Such specimens tolerate drought well, but at the same time require intense lighting, which complicates growing flowers in the northern part of the country. It is recommended to plant them on open areas on the south side, and it is better to organize the flower garden at some elevation, since the plants do not tolerate stagnation of moisture in the roots.
Planting anemones on a site will require a special soil composition. Almost all species prefer loose and fertile substrates, slightly alkaline or neutral in composition. If the soil is too acidic, then it is diluted dolomite flour or wood ash, river sand is added to make it loose, and compost or humus is added to increase its fertility.
Planting an anemone tuber
Flowers are best planted in spring, when the soil is already sufficiently warm and frosts are no longer expected. If the tubers were purchased in winter or early March and are not planted on the site, they should be covered with slightly damp sphagnum moss and wrapped in paper. In this form, the tubers should be stored in the refrigerator. Anemones are planted in open ground as soon as they are established. good weather. If the tubers begin to sprout, they should be immediately planted in flower box and keep in a cool room until spring.
Before planting, it is recommended to soak the tubers in warm water for 3 hours; some wrap them in cloth soaked in epin, a growth stimulator. After the tubers swell in water, they are planted in containers filled with a nutrient substrate - peat mixed with river sand in equal parts. The planting depth is no more than 5 cm; in the following days, the soil should be moderately but regularly moistened; as soon as the sprouts appear, anemones can be planted in open ground using the transshipment method.
To plant and care for the anemone in the future, small holes with a depth of 13–15 cm and a diameter of about 35 cm are prepared in the area. If the flower garden is located in a lowland, then it would be reasonable to provide the hole with drainage, using small pebbles or broken bricks as the material. Place a little humus and a handful at the bottom wood ash, after which the tuber is placed. It is important not to confuse its top and bottom. If the tuber has not yet sprouted, then you can determine the upper part by the buds swollen from soaking in water. In addition, the lower part is pointed, while the upper part is smooth and flat. After planting, the soil needs to be compacted a little and watered.
Features of anemone care
Perhaps the most difficult thing in caring for flowers is maintaining optimal level soil moisture, because with excessive moisture root system can quickly rot. Otherwise, planting and caring for anemone is not difficult.
Watering anemones
To keep the soil moist longer, it is recommended to mulch the flower bed immediately after planting. To do this, use humus or leaves of oak, linden, and apple trees, laying out a layer of at least 5 cm. In addition, this procedure will help avoid frequent weeding. In the spring, during the formation of buds, the flower should be watered every week. In summer, you don’t have to water the plant, but provided that the weather is moderately warm and it rains regularly. For irrigation, it is better to use water preheated in a barrel; carry out the procedure early in the morning or just before sunset.
To prevent moisture from stagnating in the roots, you need to regularly loosen the soil; however, you should not use a metal tool, as such tools can easily damage the delicate root system. It is better to gently loosen the soil with your fingers.
Fertilizer application
If a sufficient amount of fertilizer was added to the hole during planting of the anemone, then feeding can be omitted in the first year. Starting from the second year, organic fertilizers are applied every spring. The flower does not like fresh cow dung, so it is better to use liquid formulations based on vermicompost. In the fall, complex mineral fertilizers. They will provide the plant essential microelements for the upcoming spring flowering.
Anemone transplantation and rhizome division
Adult specimens that have reached 4–5 years of age can be divided. Most often, gardeners practice this when the flower garden has already lost its shape and decorativeness. After flowering, in July or early August, the bush is dug up and carefully freed from the soil. Then, the rhizome is cut into several parts, but so that each fragment contains at least one bud. Places of cuts can be sprinkled with crushed coal, and plants can be planted in holes to a depth of only 5 cm.
If there is a need to transplant the bush to another place, then you need to dig it up along with a lump of earth and, without clearing the roots from the substrate, place it in landing hole. Anemone does not like transplants; after undergoing a procedure, it always takes a long time to recover.
Anemone after flowering
After planting, caring for the anemone will continue until autumn. The plant tolerates winter quite well, and if severe frosts are not expected, then the tubers do not need to be dug up after flowering. The flower garden is covered with a layer of dry foliage (7–10 cm) or insulated with a special material - lutrasil; you can also use spruce branches.
Some gardeners prefer to store tubers in a cool room (basement or insulated loggia). Then, with the onset of autumn cold, they are dug up, the stems are cut, cleared of soil, dried and placed in peat or sand. With the arrival of spring, anemone tubers are planted in the garden in the usual way.
Video on how to grow anemones
Crown anemone is part of the Ranunculaceae family. IN natural conditions it grows in Asia Minor and the Mediterranean. As cultivated plant Anemone has been known for a long time, more than 400 years. It is especially widely used in landscaping in Germany, Italy, Holland and England.
What kind of plant is crown anemone?
Anemone - herbaceous perennial, which grows well with moderate moisture. Counts ephemeroid-geophyte. This means that in a short period of time the plant goes through all stages of development from the appearance of shoots to the ripening of seeds.
Anemone starts release leaves quite early, since generative buds (with flowers) and nutrients are laid in the nodules late spring previous year. When grown industrially, this crop also retains early spring development and a long period of dormancy, which occurs after the death of the above-ground part of the plant.
The vitality of culture is supported by tubers, which bear buds with leaves and flowers. Every year the size and weight of the tubers gradually increases, and uneven bulges appear on them.
Complex in structure leaves are located on petioles and collected at the base of the plant into a rosette. Flowers are located one at a time on shoots from 20 to 40 cm long, which are covered with slight pubescence. Quite large inflorescences from 5 to 10 cm wide have a pleasant, subtle aroma. They are painted in various shades. Small seeds, covered with short down, ripen in the fruit - a multi-nut.
Based on the size of their terry, anemone varieties are divided into two groups:
- plants with flowers that have one row of petals are included in the De Caen group,
- Cultivars with double and semi-double inflorescences belong to the Santa Bridget group.
Suitable growing conditions
Illumination
Although crown anemone prefers to grow in well-lit areas, it can also withstand partial shade. This plant is a short-day crop because it requires 12 hours of daylight or even less to flower.
Temperature Preferences
Also, anemone is not very demanding of heat. It quite easily tolerates a short-term drop in temperature to 5 degrees below zero, and leaves - up to 10 or 12 degrees below zero. In open ground, this plant cannot withstand severe frosts for a long time, especially if the ground is not covered with snow. Therefore, in regions with strong negative temperatures beds with anemones are sprinkled with mulching material or planted in the spring.
This perennial plant is often grown as annual crop.
Humidity Requirements
When cultivating this plant, it is worth remembering that it cannot withstand waterlogging of the soil, especially at low temperatures. Regular watering is only required during flowering during the dry season.
Planting crown anemone
Anemone planting is carried out seeds or tubers.
Planting site in the garden
For planting crown anemones, select well-lit areas that are protected from powerful air currents. Groundwater should be located at a depth of at least 60-80 cm.
Soil requirement
During the entire growing period, soil moisture should be maintained at an average level. Both drying out and waterlogging leads to inhibition of plant development and even death. Crown anemone works best on nutritious, moisture-intensive, well-drained soils of medium density with a pH of 6.0-7.0.
In the regions with a humid climate It is best to plant this plant on ridges about 20 degrees high and about 120 cm wide.
Growing anemone from seeds
To obtain good seeds, during flowering, powerful and well-formed flowers are selected. To avoid unnecessary pollination, all remaining flowers on the plants are plucked off.
The ripened seeds are collected and scattered in a small layer about two centimeters high and dried in a well-ventilated area for seven or ten days. They are stored in paper or linen bags.
It must be taken into account that the seeds have low germination rate. Even for fresh seeds it does not exceed 25%.
To improve seed germination, stratification is carried out, which consists of keeping the seeds at a temperature of 6 to 9 degrees for 3-4 weeks.
Sowing is carried out from August to February, depending on the growing region. Seeds are sown respectively in the ground or for seedlings.
For sowing seedlings, choose low containers with loose, breathable soil with a slightly acidic reaction. The seeds are evenly distributed over the surface and planted to a depth of 1 to 2 cm. The best temperature for the emergence of seedlings is considered to be from 12 to 15 degrees. During this period, moderate soil moisture should be maintained. Be sure to ensure that the soil does not dry out. After the first seedlings appear, the temperature is reduced to 10-13 or slightly lower. Temperatures at higher values quite sharply reduce the growing season and do not help increase the weight of the tuber.
In the southern regions, you can sow seeds directly into the ground. Sowing is carried out in late summer - early autumn (August-September). As soon as 2 or 3 pairs of true leaves are formed on young anemones, they are planted in rows with a distance of 7 to 10 cm. The distance between the rows is 20 cm. During this period of time, the temperature should be at a level of 10-12 to 16 degrees.
The entire growing time from sowing seeds to flowering bushes is about six months.
Planting anemones with tubers
Soil preparation
The beds and flower beds where the tubers will be planted must be dug to the depth of a shovel (30-35 cm) with the simultaneous addition of humus, then carefully leveled. This land preparation is carried out three months before sowing or planting. Two or three weeks before planting, the beds are dug up a second time with fertilizers containing potassium and phosphorus. For one square meter Approximately 50 grams are added.
Preparing anemone tubers for planting
When grown for cutting, one-year-old, two-year-old and three-year-old tubers with a width of one to three centimeters and a slightly rounded shape are selected for planting. Very small tubers should be grown to the right size, and large and old ones are better used for landscaping.
To reduce the time it takes for tubers to sprout, they are treated in a solution of potassium permanganate for 18 to 24 hours before planting. There is another way of processing. First, the tubers are kept in running water from four to eight hours, and then soaked in a diluted fungicide (0.4%) for half an hour.
Another way to treat tubers is as follows: first, they are kept in water heated to a temperature of 50 degrees for half an hour, and then placed in a fungicide for 30 minutes. This helps protect plants from various fungal diseases for 60 days.
If the tubers are planted in unheated greenhouses or open ground, they are not soaked to avoid rotting.
To obtain flowers in early dates tubers are germinated for two or three weeks at 6-9 degrees Celsius. This is done in peat until sprouts about 5 mm long form. Sprouted tubers are well preserved for two weeks and can even be transported, but to do this they are gradually cooled over seven days to one degree below zero.
Tuber planting dates
Tubers are planted in a garden bed or dacha at different times. It all depends on the growing region and the time when there an acceptable temperature is established. The most suitable temperature for root regrowth of tubers is considered to be 9-12 degrees. At temperatures below 9 degrees, the rooting rate decreases quite significantly, and at temperatures above 12 degrees, the root system turns out to be underdeveloped.
Landing technology
- Before planting, the tubers are sorted by size (0.5-1.0, 1-1.5 and more than 1.5 cm).
- When planting tubers with a width of 0.5 to 1.0 cm, the distance between them should be ten centimeters, and with a width of 1 to 1.5 cm - 20 cm.
- The rows are spaced 20 cm apart.
- The planting depth for tubers with a diameter of 0.5 to 1 cm is four to five cm, while larger specimens are planted at a depth of six to eight cm.
- Moreover, on light soils, tubers are planted deeper than on heavy soils.
Features of growing cut anemones
Cultivation of crown anemone to produce cut flowers is best done in climate-controlled greenhouses, where the temperature is maintained at 10-14 degrees until buds form.
During flower development, the temperature must be adjusted depending on the degree of light. For example, in low light conditions the temperature should be about 8-10 degrees, and in more powerful lighting it is increased to 12-14 degrees.
It is known that at high temperatures and low light levels they do not grow. large flowers(3-4 cm wide) on fairly elongated peduncles. And at low temperatures, large flowers are obtained on small peduncles. An increase in temperature to 18 degrees during the flowering period is possible only with powerful lighting.
Temperatures above 18-20 degrees inhibit the development of leaves and buds, and also reduce flowering time. When cultivating this plant, the difference between day and night temperatures is 3-4 degrees.
Anemone care
All care for this crop consists of fertilizing, loosening, and maintaining a certain soil moisture.
Watering
If the plant is grown in unheated greenhouses or greenhouses, then soil moisture should be maintained at a fairly moderate level, especially at low temperatures.
After the first shoots appear and until the end of flowering, increased watering is required, as this helps in the formation of strong and long peduncles. When there is a lack of moisture in the soil, thin and short flower stalks appear.
To preserve moisture, anemone plantings can be mulched with peat or humus.
Top dressing
During growth, the anemone is fed with liquid mineral and organic fertilizers. For fertilizing, a solution is prepared from cow manure. For 1 m2 take 12-13 liters of this solution. A solution (1-2%) is also prepared from mineral fertilizers, in which nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be in a ratio of 1:0.6:1.7. Apply 12-13 liters per 1 m2.
Before the flowers bloom, plants are fed 2-3 times a month, and with the beginning of flowering, the amount of feeding is reduced to 1-2. If the anemone’s mass of green leaves grows too powerfully, then fertilizers with nitrogen are excluded from feeding.
When cultivating a plant in a garden bed or flower bed at low temperatures, the amount of fertilizing for the entire season is reduced to 3-4 times. The first feeding is carried out immediately after the shoots appear on the surface, the second feeding occurs at the time when the buds are formed, but the third and fourth times the plants are fed during flowering.
When fertilizing, be sure to ensure that fertilizers do not fall on the leaves. And if this suddenly happens, they must be washed off with water.
Dry mineral fertilizers are also used for fertilizing, which are applied in small doses (from 10 to 20 grams per m2). Before applying dry fertilizers, be sure to carry out good watering.
Anemone bloom
Crown anemone blooms from one and a half to 3-4 months. The duration of flowering directly depends on the time of planting, the size of the tuber, temperature and air humidity. One bush usually produces from 5 to 20 flowers. If anemone is grown in an unregulated climate, then the largest number of flower stalks is formed in the spring from March to April.
Inflorescences are cut in the morning before watering the plants. In hot weather, flowers are cut off when the closed buds are completely colored. In the cool season, flowers are cut half-open, and in winter time you have to wait until the anemones open completely. During cutting, damage to the inflorescences must be avoided, as they become a source of fungal infection. Non-marketable flowers are also removed.
Digging and storing tubers
The duration of the growing season of crown anemone directly depends on the temperature and humidity of the soil. At temperatures above 25 degrees and a lack of moisture in the soil, plants abruptly stop flowering and their ground part dries out.
When the leaves have dried by 50-70%, you can start digging up the tubers. They are dug out together with the above-ground part, and then laid out in low boxes in one or two layers and placed in well-ventilated areas for drying.
After about a week or ten days, the tubers are cleaned of leaves and soil. They are then sorted by size and placed in a cool and dry room for storage at a temperature of 12 to 15 degrees. Humidity during storage should be maintained at 60%. Under such conditions, tubers can be stored for 3 to 4 years without losing their ability to germinate.
Reproduction
You can propagate crown anemone:
- using seeds and
- dividing adult tubers.
When propagated by seed, varietal characteristics are not always preserved, since this plant undergoes quite strong gene splitting. To preserve valuable varieties, it is better to use vegetative propagation.
Propagation by seeds is described above in the section “Growing anemones from seeds.”
To divide tubers, plants older than 5 years are used. Best time for division - spring. From a tuber sharp knife cut off parts, each of which has 2-3 renewal buds. There is no need to thoroughly clear the soil from the mother tuber before dividing.
About diseases and pests
Among the diseases that quite often appear on crown anemone, it is worth noting:
- rust,
- gray rot,
- viral infection and
- transporosis
Pests that can attack this crop are:
- leaf bugs,
- mole cricket,
- slugs,
- nematode,
- aphids and
- scoops.
To ensure that various diseases and pests appear on the crown anemone as rarely as possible, the following preventive measures must be taken:
- Do not plant plants too densely.
- Carry out weeding and loosening regularly.
- Water the plants correctly and regularly.
- When cutting or cultivating the area around the bushes, avoid various damage to shoots and peduncles.
- Maintain the best humidity and temperature conditions in greenhouses.
- Remove all plant debris promptly.
- Fertilize with fertilizers that contain more potassium than nitrogen. ,
Among many gardeners, the most popular is the bright, elegant flower - the anemone. In common people it is known under the name - anemone. The plant received this name due to the special light swaying of its petals at the slightest breath of wind.
The popularity of the flower is due to its unpretentiousness, because caring for and growing anemone in the open ground, as well as at home, will not cause any particular difficulties.
About 150 varieties of anemone are known in nature. This perennial is large flower, up to 8 centimeters in diameter, on a long stem, practically without leaves. Color palette plants are very wide and diverse.
Anemone is enough unpretentious plant, however, choosing the optimal site for planting and further cultivation this type of flower, some nuances should be taken into account.
This perennial does not like bright scorching sun rays, so suitable place For planting the plant there will be a shaded or shady, fairly spacious area of the garden, preferably without drafts.
The plant prefers loose, loamy soil with a neutral alkaline balance.
Therefore, before planting seedlings, it is necessary to mix the soil with a small amount of fine sand, ash, humus, and also be sure to mulch the soil with a layer of dry leaves.
In addition, you should regularly loosen the soil around the plants, add sawdust, small stones and sand in a timely manner. For anemone roots, the timely supply of sufficient fresh air is very important.
In some cases, in order to provide the roots with the necessary portion of oxygen, you only need to weed the flowerbed and remove the roots weed. In this case, you should carefully use a special tool designed to loosen the soil to avoid damage to the plant’s rhizomes.
Methods for planting and propagating anemones
Planting and propagation of anemones is carried out in three ways: tuberous, seed, and division of rhizomes. The most popular and widespread among gardeners is growing bushes of this flower using tubers and dividing rhizomes.
Growing anemone by seed is a very labor-intensive process, germination seed material is quite small, so this method is used extremely rarely. However, to obtain strong, strong and healthy plants, experienced gardeners use the seed planting option.
Growing anemone from seeds
After collecting the seed and carefully processing it, the seeds are kept in the cold for a short period of time. This helps to significantly increase the germination of seed material. Therefore, you can use a refrigerator or other cool place for these purposes.
Many gardeners use a slightly different method of seed stratification. In late autumn, seed material is placed in special containers and covered with dry leaves and snow. Boxes with planting material are left on outdoors, in natural conditions until spring.
In early spring, sprouted seeds can be planted on a previously prepared area, or in specially prepared containers. In this case, care should be taken to create the most favorable conditions for germination and growth of seedlings. Anemones begin to bloom in the third year after planting.
Growing tuberous anemone varieties
According to some gardeners who have great experience For planting and caring for anemone at home, you need to start planting flower tubers for germination in February.
However, the amount of natural daylight during this period is somewhat insufficient for the plant. This can lead to improper growth and development of the plant, resulting in sluggish and weak flowering. Therefore, it will be necessary to provide additional illumination of the seedlings using special lighting devices.
Most optimal timing Anemone germination occurs at the end of March - beginning of April. At this time, the flower additional lighting It is absolutely not required for plants, since natural light is quite enough for anemone.
During the process of transplantation, the plant experiences real stress, so it is recommended to plant seedlings in separate containers of a certain volume in order to minimize the likelihood of damage to the flower when planting in flower beds.
The process of transplanting anemones into flower beds, as well as all stages of caring for and planting an anemone flower, do not require special knowledge or extra effort from the gardener.
You can use regular, standard milk or juice packaging with a volume of at least 250 milliliters, or large, 500 ml, plastic glasses.
Before planting, the containers must first be prepared: rinse thoroughly, make a small drainage hole in the bottom of each, kind of pot.
You can use a ready-made soil mixture intended for growing flower seedlings from a specialized store, or by mixing an equal amount of peat and sand, following the recommendations for planting and caring for anemones at home.
After filling the containers with soil, you need to water the soil with a special solution and you can start planting the tubers in the prepared pots, sprout up. Next, you should water the planted tubers again with water, this will help the soil in the pot to settle, and a small part of the sprout should appear on the surface of the soil.
The pots must be placed in a well-lit, cool place. Optimal temperature for germination of tubers about 20 degrees.
Significantly accelerate the growth and development of the plant, as well as achieve more lush flowering A few tips from experienced gardeners for caring for and planting anemones in open ground:
- Before planting in pots, in advance, anemone tubers must be placed in warm water for a short period of time. This is necessary to speed up the germination process of sprouts;
- After the shoots appear, the tubers of the plant must be planted in pre-prepared, special containers, previously filled with fertile soil;
- Planting germinated seedlings from pots into flower beds is carried out after the snow has completely retreated;
- You can significantly speed up the germination process by wrapping the tubers with a damp cloth moistened in a special epin solution and then placing them in plastic bag for about 6 hours. The tubers experience a certain stress, due to which the flower emerges from the state of suspended animation as soon as possible.
After about thirty days, the first bright, graceful flowers will appear.
In addition to propagation by seeds and tubers, you can use another, no less effective way- dividing the rhizome. In this case, it is necessary to divide the anemone bush into separate shoots so that each part contains at least one full bud.
Planting the separated anemone shoots into another, previously prepared place, is carried out in a manner identical to the method of germinating plant tubers.
Care and planting of anemones in open ground
When caring for and growing anemones in open ground, it is necessary to observe even the slightest nuances; this completely determines how long the plant will delight with its beauty, rich colors and shades.
Rules for planting anemones in open ground
To provide favorable conditions For optimal plant growth, you must first carefully prepare the flower beds for planting anemones. First, you need to lay out a small drainage layer at the bottom of the flower bed; broken brick, crushed stone, or small pebbles are perfect.
Next, a layer of soil is poured. Anemones prefer loose soil, so you need to mix the soil with a small amount of sand and peat. Then you need to lay out a layer of mulch. Dry leaves, humus, and so on are perfect for this.
After finishing preparatory work, you need to dig holes. To the bottom of each hole you need to add a small amount of ash and humus. The depth of the hole should be at least 15 centimeters, the diameter is about 40 centimeters. Most optimal distance between individual plants at least 20 centimeters.
Planted seedlings must be watered.
Thanks to large sizes holes, the roots of the plant are provided maximum comfort and oxygen access.
Planting of seedlings must be carried out if the germinated anemone has four true leaves. The height of the seedlings should be about 15 centimeters.
Caring for anemones in the open ground
Caring for and growing anemones in open ground is quite simple; absolutely anyone, even an inexperienced gardener, can cope with this. To achieve the most abundant flowering, you need to perform a number of standard manipulations: regular watering and weeding, treating plants from attacks by harmful insects and diseases.
Watering
Watering anemones spring period should be carried out at intervals of once every seven days. This amount of moisture is quite enough for optimal growth, development and subsequent flowering of plants. In summer, in dry and hot weather, you need to moisten the soil in a flowerbed with anemones at least twice a day, early in the morning and late in the evening, when sun activity is minimal.
To avoid harming the root system of plants, use warm water for watering. However, the use cold water also acceptable. Ideal option Rainwater is used to water the anemone.
Regular weeding helps provide the anemone roots with oxygen and preserve the beneficial components as much as possible. It is better to remove weeds in cool, rainy weather. In such weather, extracting weed roots is much easier and easier. This will provide maximum protection for the anemone roots and the plant itself.
Top dressing
Timely application of additional fertilizing is very important for anemone. Feeding the plant must begin in early spring, during planting, and ending in winter, during storage. During flowering, anemones require special attention and additional nutrients.
An excellent option are special liquid fertilizers. In this case, you can use ready-made fertilizers offered by specialized trading enterprises, or use products made by yourself.
Control of harmful insects
To prevent and destroy pests, it is necessary to use special solutions, industrial production, and folk remedies. For example, from an aphid attack on an anemone an excellent remedy is a regular, saturated soap solution.
However, there are some types of pests, after which it is necessary to completely dispose of the affected plants and replace the soil.
Winter storage
To avoid the death of anemone tubers in winter period, it is recommended to dig them up and place them for storage in a basement or vegetable store.
First, all tops must be cut off from the plants. Then, the dug up anemone tubers should be dried well; to do this, they are placed in a well-ventilated area for a day.
After drying, the tubers are placed in a special box with dry sawdust or sand. This method is the best option for storing tuberous anemone varieties. These types of plants do not tolerate temperature changes well.
Storage conditions for anemone bushes with rhizomes differ slightly. These varieties tolerate well low temperatures, so it’s enough to just cover the plants well with a layer of dry leaves and snow.
Care and planting of anemones in the Moscow region
It should be noted that almost all types of anemone are characterized by increased resistance to low temperatures. The exception is tuberous varieties. Therefore, the climatic conditions of the Moscow region are ideal for growing and propagating anemones.
The most popular and widespread among flower growers in the Moscow region is the Crowned Anemone variety. This variety tolerates low temperatures well and does not require additional effort in growing and caring for plants.
Absolutely any gardener can grow a plant in the country or in the garden. To do this, you do not need to have special knowledge, since anemones are quite unpretentious and do not require special attention.
However, despite the fact that caring for and planting anemones in the Moscow region is accessible and simple for every gardener, some rules must be followed:
- Regular watering of plants. This is especially true in hot, dry weather.
- Timely, high-quality fertilizing of flowers with special mineral fertilizers.
- Correctly selected place for planting, loose fertile soil treated with organic fertilizers.
- Additional cover for the anemone with a layer of dry leaves and snow in winter.
Based on all of the above, following all the recommendations and advice on caring for and planting anemones in the Moscow region, you can quite easily and simply grow beautiful flowers even in rather difficult climatic conditions.
Anemone (from the Latin Anémone) is known to most gardeners as anemone. This genus of perennials herbaceous plants includes about 160 species of flowering plants from the Buttercup family, or Ranunculaceae. The most common varieties planted in the garden in the spring are: crown anemone, tender anemone, oak anemone, forest anemone, and hybrid anemone. Such varieties are widely used in the design of undergrowth, paths, borders and flower beds.
Botanical features
The rhizome of the plant is fleshy and has a cylindrical or tuberous shape. The stem part and peduncles of the final form. Root leaves may be completely absent, but are located on petioles. Flowers are single type or collected in semi-umbrella, as well as multi-flowered inflorescences; they can be either small or quite large. Flowering is bisexual. The plant propagates in cultivation through rhizomes, stem cuttings or tubers.
Selection and preparation of planting material
Anemones can be propagated not only by seeds, but also by prepared tubers. At maximum short time plants that are planted as tubers bloom. Planting tubers in several stages can significantly extend the flowering period. If you decide to plant anemones with tubers, then you should remember that this option planting material retains germination for one year, subject to temperature conditions and optimal humidity levels.
Immediately before planting, the anemone tubers will need to be “awakened”. For this purpose, the planting material is soaked in a container with warm water for two hours. It is advisable to wrap anemone tubers purchased in February or March in moderately moistened sphagnum moss until planting, and then place them on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator.
Anemones: planting and care (video)
The appearance of pale-colored sprouts on stored anemone tubers suggests urgent planting of planting material in flower pot filled with nutritious soil. Such planting containers should be placed in a cool room. When transplanting sprouted plants into open ground, the method of transferring with an earthen ball is used.
Anemone seed material is stratified and then planted in spring or autumn period. This sowing allows you to get seedlings in about three weeks. Flowering of anemone planted with seeds can only be observed in the second or third year. It is for this reason that gardeners are increasingly using anemones for planting tubers.
Planting tubers in open ground
It should be noted that both when grown in partial shade and when cultivated in sunny areas Anemone can bloom very well. The main condition for long and abundant flowering is planting plants in areas protected from draft or gusty winds. Such a site should be represented by fertile and well-drained soil.
Varieties Apennine, Caucasian and crown anemone They take root best on alkaline soils. If necessary, pre-planting liming of the soil is carried out. It is recommended to plant forest and Canadian anemones in shaded areas; in areas with maximum sun exposure throughout the day, tender anemones, as well as varieties of crown, Caucasian and narcissus-flowering anemones, feel best.
The most difficult moment When growing anemones, proper planting is essential. It is very important to correctly determine the location of the growth point on anemone tubers. Pre-treatment of planting material in the form of soaking until swelling greatly facilitates the determination correct location tuber in the planting hole. Tubers should be planted with the pointed end down. Experienced gardeners practice planting anemone tubers sideways.
For planting anemone tubers, you should prepare planting holes, the depth of which can be 15-17 cm with a diameter of 30-35 cm. A small amount of a mixture based on compost or humus with the addition of wood ash should be poured into the planting hole. Tubers prepared for planting should be placed on top of the nutrient layer, sprinkled with soil and watered abundantly with water. The standard distance between tubers is approximately 10-12 cm. To protect against fungal infections, it is recommended to add a small amount sea salt or sea sand into the soil in the area intended for growing anemones.
Aftercare
After planting, standard care measures are carried out:
- It is necessary to pay attention to watering the plants. Irrigation activities in the first days should be sufficiently abundant so that the soil is always well moistened. Rooted and mature anemone plants no longer need abundant watering. The exception is the crown anemone, during the flowering period of which regular irrigation measures should be carried out.
- Carry out very careful and shallow loosening of the soil, remove weeds.
- To get abundant and beautiful flowering, you should apply complete complex fertilizers.
- Tall anemones must be tied to special supports. Special attention requires tender, Apennine, crown and Caucasian anemone.
- The dug up crown anemone tubers must be dried at temperature conditions at 20-24 °C. To store planting material, boxes with ventilation holes.
- In the autumn, seedlings need to be insulated. Experienced gardeners recommend using humus for this purpose. Good result allows the use of dry foliage or lutrasil as a shelter in September-October.
Anemone belongs to the category of very graceful herbaceous plants that can conquer even the most demanding gardener with a variety of colors and shapes of buds. Such perennials look very impressive surrounded by others. flowering plants. In small groups (wood anemone, oak anemone inarcissiflora) they can form a beautiful ground carpet.
However, it is important to remember that the anemone grows well over time, so division will be required, which is recommended to be done in the autumn, immediately after flowering. The most hardy and unpretentious are the autumn anemone varieties, which do not require tying to supports and can be grown both in partial shade and in sunny areas.
How to grow anemones (video)
When choosing a variety, it is important to remember that the crown anemone is considered the most demanding in terms of care and growing conditions. This plant does not have sufficient frost resistance, which requires digging and storing it in basement conditions during the winter. Varieties of anemone oak, lutichnaya, udinskaya, shadow, flexible, Altai, Amur are propagated by dividing the rhizome. Tubers are used to propagate Caucasian, tender, crown and Apennine anemones.
