How to weld garage doors correctly. Making garage doors with your own hands. Installation of swing gates

Swing gates are the most common in the world, simple and reliable mechanism movable barrier. It is not difficult to weld a gate correctly: the design of two leaves has been proven for hundreds of years. “In-place” technology is traditional for fencing of this type.

To weld a garage door correctly, you need to choose its type, type, and size before starting construction.

The dimensions of the garage enclosing structure are calculated based on the type vehicle. The dimensions of the existing car (they are measured along the edge of the mirrors) are increased to the dimensions expected in the future. To the resulting value add:

0.6 m – if the car moves straight when entering the garage;
1.0 m – if entering from a turn.

Approximately for passenger cars the width of the alignment is 2.4-2.5 m; for SUVs, it is necessary to provide a width of 3-3.5 m. The height of the opening is designed within the range: 2-2.2 m.

Pre-design work

The problem that needs to be solved before welding the gate with your own hands is determining its type. If the intended manufacturing method is homemade, the only alternative to swing gates can be sliding gates. It is better to order fencing of other types - roller, sectional, folding - from a specialized company.

The design of outward-opening swing gates consists of two main components:

embedded supporting box
directly to the valves;
smaller assembly units - hinges, handles, locks.

At this stage you need to decide on the materials. The design will be lighter if the doors are made from corrugated sheets - rolled metal sheets with a thickness of 0.35 to 1.2 mm. The frame in this case is assembled from wooden beams or metal profiles. The connections are made detachable - with self-tapping screws or self-tapping screws. Profile gates can be insulated with polystyrene foam or mineral wool and sheathed on the inside finishing material. The disadvantage of such a fence is obvious: it can be easily disassembled into parts using a wrench. There is one way to eliminate the possibility of such an opening: weld the garage door

If the garage is located outside the area of constant surveillance, experts recommend welding metal gates. For this purpose you need to choose:

for moving surfaces steel sheet cross section 2-3 mm;
for the frame - profile pipe 20x40 mm.

The box is made from a corner measuring at least 63 mm; They also use the 70th or 75th corner.

Metal parts of this thickness can be connected by welding, forming a single one-piece structure.

Selection of frame design and drawing

The box consists of two frames connected by jumpers. The design of the frame (shown in the photo) resembles a ring with concave edges, which covers the ends of the walls along the entire perimeter of the frame along the ribs. First frame – external frame- made from a corner, directed by the shelves inside the garage. When assembling the second frame - the internal frame, the corner is laid with shelves outward.

The box parts must be butt welded. In this case, the corner flanges at the junction are cut at an angle of 45°. The shorter length of each corner should be equal to the distance between the opposite edges of the wall minus 10mm. This centimeter technological gap(2x5 mm), it is necessary for ease of frame installation. Thus, the internal width of the garage opening inside the box will be equal to:

The width between the ends of the walls is 10 mm (double the technological gap) - 16 mm (double the thickness of the corner shelves).

The width of the frame made of profile pipes should be 20 mm smaller than the openings between the frames (quadruple the gap): it is necessary for the free movement of the sashes.
The length of the vertical guide is equal to this distance; the lengths of the horizontal ribs are reduced by 80 mm: by two thicknesses of the vertical pipes.

The design of the stiffeners should include:

external frame;
transverse, longitudinal, and, if necessary, diagonal elements.

Assembly and welding

Watch the video on how to weld gates.

The box is laid out on the technological table. It consists of four support platforms installed in the corners of the structure at the same height. You can use brick or cinder block as platforms. Before starting welding:

The mating corners are laid out taking into account the level and equality of the diagonals:
fastened with clamps;
“grab” with dots;
joints are corrected;
weld;
measure the diagonals.

The difference between them should not exceed 5 mm.

The operation is repeated for the second box. Using the method shown in the video, the frame of the valves is welded from profile pipes.

The fastening of the panels to the frame made of profile pipes is carried out by welding every 100 - 150 mm. The right blade is made wider than the left one by 20-50 mm.

The hinges are attached in the following way: the sashes are inserted into the opening and adjusted in height and level. The movement step is 5 mm. This is enough to correct a minor technological error: the free movement of the blade vertically in accordance with the drawing is 20 mm.

Garage hinges are welded in this way: the lower half (with the support rod) is welded to the frame, and the upper half is welded to the movable leaf. After the final adjustment of the enclosing mechanism, the fastening of the hinges is reinforced with steel plates, which are scalded around the perimeter. The box is attached to the slopes with metal rods with a length of 150 mm.

Alternative types of fencing

Installation sliding gates from a professional pipe with a profile sheet will require additional work:

construction;
locksmith;
assembly;
electrical installations.

Construction work includes, firstly, the construction of a support beam. To do this, a foundation is poured in front of the garage along the entire width of the opening, into which a 200 mm embedded channel is mounted with the shelves down. Secondly, reinforcing columns are erected at the end walls on which the structure will rest.

Gates made of corrugated sheets are hung on mortgages made of corrugated pipes (as in the photo), which are built into the columns. Carriages with rollers are attached to the bottom of the sashes - at one edge and an end roller - at the other. The movement is carried out along the supporting channel. An electric motor is used as a drive. IN electrical diagram a shutdown relay is provided.

Final operations

All metal surfaces must be cleaned, primed and painted. Finished garage doors can be insulated. Upon completion of the work, it is worth calculating how much it costs to weld the gate if you do the work yourself.

At current prices for materials and finished products, there is only one way to save money - to do the manufacturing work yourself. This also applies to metal garage doors swing type, which, if desired, can be welded independently. You will need to study the assembly algorithm, prepare tools and materials, and involve one assistant in the process.

Welded swing gates for garage

Gate manufacturing methods

There are 3 ways to weld garage doors:

When construction is not yet completed, the swing gates are welded separately as a single product. They are then delivered and installed at the site of the future opening, after which the front wall of the garage is built around the steel frame.
When the garage has already been built, the doors can be made according to the size of the opening, brought to the site and installed.
Along the finished opening, gradually welding the elements right in place.

The last assembly method is well suited for motorists who are taking on the task of constructing a garage entrance with their own hands for the first time. Not needed here high accuracy measurements, straightening the diagonals of the sashes and moving heavy iron parts. If all operations are performed correctly, then homemade design will function successfully and last for many years.

Procurement of materials

To the right quantity To purchase metal to fill the entrance opening, you need to measure the dimensions of the latter and the thickness of the front wall. You will need the following rolled metal:

an equal angle corner of at least 75 mm wide - for framing the walls around the entrance and for making sashes;

Equal corner different sizes

the same, 60 mm wide for braces;
steel sheet with a thickness of 2 mm or more for door leaves and connections between frames;

Stainless steel sheet 2mm

simple cylindrical canopies (hinges) outdoor installation;

Main types of cylindrical hinges

valves - 4 pcs., can be welded from round timber or bought ready-made;

locks.

Ties in the form of metal strips 10-15 cm wide, equal in length to the thickness of the wall, can be cut in advance. Since in the process of welding garage doors with your own hands you will need different supports and linings, you should keep on hand pieces of corners, profile pipes and other rolled products available on the farm.

The list of tools is also small:

welding inverter;
Angle grinder - angle grinder (grinder);
electric drill;
clamps;
measuring instruments - tape measure, ruler, square and liquid level;
ordinary plumbing tools - hammer, pliers, etc.;
consumables: welding electrodes with a diameter of 3 mm, metal circles, drills.

To install locks, you will need fastening hardware - bolts, nuts, washers. At the end of the work, the canvas must be primed and painted with your own hands, for which the composition GF-021 and pentaphthalic enamel (PF) are usually used, respectively.

The initial stage is framing the opening

At this stage, it is important to correctly cut and weld the corners into a single structure - a frame, which will support the outward opening doors. Framing work begins at the threshold of the garage and is carried out in the following order:

Cut 2 corners the width of the opening and lay them along the threshold on both sides. Weld them with steel strips (ties).
Cut off 4 more side corners with your own hands, whose length is equal to the height of the opening plus 2 widths of their shelves. The resulting racks must be cut at both ends so that they clearly fit into the corners of the threshold.
Attach the racks to the side ends of the walls and connect them together using ties. The latter must be placed opposite the joint welding points.
Weld the frame of the threshold and walls together.
Repeat the action described in step 1, only install the corners on the upper end of the wall. Weld them to the side posts.

During the work, it is necessary to ensure that the framing elements fit as tightly as possible to the walls. Steel tie strips must be laid between the corner flanges and the wall, and then welded.

The first stage is making the frame

Manufacturing of sashes

The essence of the method is that first, one solid sash is made directly in the opening and attached on both sides with hinges. The result is a frame inserted into a frame, which is finally cut in half. In order for future gates to open well, it is important to properly maintain the gaps between these frames:

from the ceiling beam to the sash frame - 1 cm;
the gap between the side post and the same frame is 5 mm;
the lower gap above the threshold is 2 cm.

The process begins with the installation of the side frame posts and is carried out in this order:

The corner, cut taking into account the upper and lower gap, must be placed on the side frame with a gap of 5 mm and secured to it using a piece of metal. Repeat the operation on the other side end.
Weld the horizontal corners from the bottom and top to the vertical posts, cutting them properly. Before this, you need to make a slot for one shelf with your own hands exactly in the middle of each jumper.
Install the canopies and weld their lower part to the frame, and the upper part to the sash frame. The hinge should be opposite the connection connecting the internal and outer part gate frames.
Place 2 vertical posts in the middle of the opening, securing them to the frame by welding.
Make 2 horizontal lintels exactly in the middle of each sash.

The resulting frame, built into the frame of the opening, remains to be cut into 2 parts, which open independently thanks to hinges. Considering that the shelves of the upper and lower corners are already trimmed, you just need to cut them from the front side.

To prevent gates without leaves from immediately sagging under their own weight, temporary braces should be installed from the inside and secured by welding. Then, using a grinder, you need to remove the potholders holding the side corners, after which the doors can be opened.

On last stage You need to cut and weld the leaves to the garage door with your own hands. When closed, they should overlap the frame by about half, which is how you need to cut the sheet of metal. Then weld it to the frame and remove the braces. All that remains is to install the lock and latches, and then clean and paint the gate.

Cost of finished store products modern market very high, ready-made garage doors are no exception. As a result, car enthusiasts are increasingly looking for ways to weld garage doors themselves.

The choice is quite logical, because the cost self-made much lower, and with some skills in using a welding machine, this process will not take so much time.

Let's take a closer look at how to weld garage doors. The first thing you should decide on is the design of the gate. Garages vary; some owners have little space before construction, while others have little space.

Drawing swing gates.

There are several main garage door designs:

Recoil.
The mechanism of action is similar to sliding wardrobes. Convenient and practical option, but there is an important nuance - in the direction of opening the gate it is necessary to provide space, and of the same length as the gate leaf.
Roller shutters.
A special box is installed under the garage ceiling, into which the canvas plates are removed. It is worth noting immediately that despite high convenience, this design Gates are the worst protected from intrusion, so they should only be installed in protected areas.
Sectional.
The design consists of a canvas divided into sections. When folded, the gate leaves are refracted, and with the help of a special spring mechanism and profile system rise to the ceiling. The main advantage of this design is good tightness and space saving.
Lift-and-swivel.
When opened, the door leaf rises vertically to the ceiling using a lever-hinged mechanism. Gates of this type are quite practical, easy to use and save space both inside and in front of the garage.
Swing.
The oldest and most popular type of gate. They are extremely popular due to their convenient and simple design, consisting of two doors, as well as their low cost. Even a novice welder can weld swing garage doors with his own hands.

Swing gates are the best option in terms of cost and ease of manufacture, so in this article we will look at this particular technology.

Requirements

Before welding a garage door from an angle or profile, you need to familiarize yourself with the requirements for high-quality doors:

the size of the gate should be optimal relative to the dimensions of the car, and ensure unhindered, simple exit;
the minimum distance from the side of the car to the gate leaf on each side is at least 30 centimeters. If the car is small, still try to make the distance as large as possible - in case you decide to buy an SUV later;
For passenger cars optimal height the gate is at least two meters;
the sizes of the openings differ depending on the size of the building itself, here everything is selected individually;
The most important function of garage doors is burglary protection. It is best to use galvanized steel sheets with a thickness of at least 3-5 millimeters for cladding. For additional reinforcement, you can use locks designed for external pads. If possible, armored linings would also be useful;
Another one important parameter– protection from negative atmospheric influences, which lies on the gate fastening. To ensure a reliable fit of the canvas, it is worth using vertical locks to prevent distortion. A seal will also be useful - it will ensure good contact between the sashes and the frame.

Tools and materials

The first thing you need to do is purchase tools and materials for making gates.

This list includes:

Level.
Welding machine.
Roulette.
Corner Grinder with cleaning and cutting wheels.
Square.
Profile for making sashes. Optimal choice – 25.
Valve.
Exist various systems, choose the best one for yourself.
Loops.
Here you should choose based on two main parameters - practicality and safety. A good choice– internal hinges on bearings, since there will be no problems with them in the cold season.
Sheathing.
Here everything depends on the taste of the owner - corrugated board, wood, metal sheet - the choice is quite extensive. Typically, metal sheets with a thickness of 2 millimeters are used.
Steel corners.
They will be needed to make the mounting frame. We advise you to choose a minimum 75 corner, since the strength of the sash fastening depends on the corner, so the strapping must be strong.

You should immediately decide on the place where the gate will be welded. Perfect option– a welding table, but if there is no access to it, a flat platform will be enough. A channel is laid on it, the perimeter of which should be no less than the gate itself.

Important! When choosing a welding location, all planes must be immediately checked with a level for alignment. Otherwise, the result of welding work will not be a high-quality garage door, but a good-for-nothing propeller, which is unacceptable.

Selection of pipes and profiles

The optimal profile thickness for gates is at least 20 millimeters. You can also opt for thicker pipes; they will provide the structure with additional reliability and stability, but we must not forget that the thicker the material, the more difficult it will be to burn through it during welding.

The figure below will help you decide on the choice of pipes and how to properly weld a garage door:

Electrodes are selected depending on the thickness of the selected pipes; ANO-21 performs well. If you have experience, it is optimal to use electrodes up to three millimeters thick.

Manufacturing of the supporting frame

Everything you need has been collected, the place has been prepared - you can figure out how to weld a garage door. The first thing that needs to be done is the strapping along the opening, or the supporting frame. It consists of two main parts - the internal and external frame.

We measure the height and width of the opening.
The measurements must be as accurate as possible, since the installation of the finished frame completely depends on them.
Blanks for the future frame are measured from the corner and cut with a grinder.
The finished workpieces are laid out on the prepared surface, using linings they are clearly leveled, all corners are leveled.
The resulting result should completely replicate the future frame.
We weld the frame.
To ensure the best fit in the future, it outer side should be even and smooth, without roughness and bumps, so all welding jambs are carefully ground.
Levers are welded into the corners (you can use pieces of angle iron).
They will provide the finished frame with spatial rigidity, and it will not move.
We lay out all the elements on a plane, level them and secure them by welding.
Let's try it on.
We correct all discrepancies with a hammer and fully weld
We make the second frame similarly to the first.
The inner and upper parts of the frame are installed in place.
For fastening to the opening slopes it is convenient to use 15-20 centimeter metal pins.
All protruding ends are cut off, thoroughly scalded and thoroughly sanded.
To fasten the frames to each other, metal plates are used, which are welded at a distance of approximately 50-60 centimeters from one another.
This stage is completed by hanging the sash.

If desired, swing gates can be equipped with automation, but for this it is necessary to provide space for the frame and drive at the manufacturing stage.

Welding of sashes

The frame is necessary for a pair of swinging doors, to which a metal sheet will later be attached. The profile is well suited for making a frame.

The essence of manufacturing comes down to the fact that initially one solid sash is installed in the opening, and it is attached to hinges on both sides. As a result, we get a frame inserted into the frame, which just needs to be cut in half.

To avoid problems with opening the gate in the future, the following gaps must be maintained between the frames:

above the threshold from below – 2 cm;
between the sash frame and ceiling beam– 1 cm;
between the same frame and the side stand - 5 cm.

The installation process begins with the installation of the side frame posts, and is carried out in the following order:

A piece of corner, cut taking into account the necessary gaps at the bottom and top, is placed on the side frame.
A gap of half a centimeter is left, after which it is grabbed with a piece of metal. We repeat a similar operation on the other end.
Properly trimmed horizontal corners at the top and bottom are welded to the vertical posts.
First you need to cut one shelf exactly in the center of each jumper.
The canopies are installed, after which their upper part is welded to the sash frame, and the lower part to the frame.
The hinge must be located opposite the connection connecting the outer and inner part gate frames.
In the middle of the opening we install two vertical posts, attaching them to the frame by welding.
We make two horizontal lintels exactly in the center of each sash.

As a result, we get a frame built into the frame of the opening, which can simply be cut into two parts, each of which, thanks to hinges, opens independently. Considering that the shelves of the lower and upper corners are already trimmed, it is enough to simply cut them from the front side.

To prevent gates without leaves from immediately sagging under their own weight, it is necessary to install temporary braces from the inside and use a welding machine to secure them. Next, use a grinder to cut off the temporary clamps that hold the side corners. That's it, the gate can be opened.

Gate trim

Gate trim is a stage of work during which it is important to do everything efficiently, since not only will directly depend on this appearance design, but also its functionality.

When welding, follow the following procedure:

We cut the sheets of galvanized iron to the size of the sashes.
Do not forget to take into account that the left sash leaf should be several centimeters wider and overlap the profile of the right sash.
The sheet of metal is immediately welded to the frame at several points.
The sheathing of the right side of the structure is cut taking into account the two centimeters indicated above.
That is, the edge of the metal sheet does not reach the edge of the profile by the specified distance.
Let's start welding work.
It is important to immediately grab the sheet of metal at the corners and in the center so that it does not move anywhere, since otherwise one of the corners may bend outward. This is not fatal, and can be corrected with a sledgehammer, but it’s easier to do everything right away efficiently.
Welding is done not in one continuous seam, but in spots.
Otherwise, the gate leaves may move. If you want to cook solidly, then using clamps you need to press the frame tightly against the channel with clamps and cook in stages of about 10 centimeters. It is important to do it on the other side each time to avoid overheating of the metal.

Top and bottom loops

We install pre-prepared loops:

the upper part of the hinge is welded to the outer sash of the structure, the lower part - to the frame;
To strengthen the connection, you can use curved metal strips (5-7 cm). They must be attached to the gate leaf and the top of the hinge.

For additional strength and reliability of the hinges, reinforcement tabs can be attached to them from the inside.

Installation of locks and latches

Most often, when welding gates with your own hands, at the stage of installing the lock, two types are used - mortise or padded. To winter time To avoid problems with opening the lock, and not to play with burning pieces of paper to open it, we recommend using lever-type locks with hard springs.

To provide additional security, you can optionally install a heavy-duty deadbolt and pin stoppers. This will allow you to close the gate from the inside if necessary, but will require installing another door in the wall.

Painting

Gates are painted to protect against corrosion and destructive atmospheric influences that are destructive to exposed metal:

the entire surface is thoroughly cleaned and degreased using a solvent.
the surface is primed. It is best to use a primer deep penetration with anti-rust.
The surface is painted in the final color. To ensure proper quality, it is better to use a roller or spray gun.

Insulation

The final stage of work is insulation. Thanks to it, in winter it will be possible to retain more than 60 percent of the heat indoors.

For insulation on inner surface We install a wooden sheathing on the sashes, inside of which a layer of insulation is laid. For high-quality insulation Mineral wool, glass wool, and polystyrene foam PSB-S are well suited.

It is especially important to avoid the presence of air bags and to carefully fill all gaps. For normal heat retention, a layer of about 5 centimeters is enough. Cladding slabs or lining are installed on top of the sheathing. Also, if desired, you can hang a plastic or tarpaulin canopy from the inside.

Bottom line

Self-installation of gates with the proper skill, dexterity and compliance with all stages will help not only save money and weld beautiful and durable garage doors yourself, but also get moral satisfaction from the result.

Ready-made metal garage doors are not cheap. If there is an ordinary household welding machine, then it is quite possible. Consumables will be inexpensive, and the work will take three to four days.

The type of gate design depends on the size end wall and free space for free opening of the doors:

– mechanical, convenient and simple design, it’s not difficult to do. The disadvantage of swing gates is that you need a lot of space in front of the garage and on the sides, and this is not always possible;
lifting rotary - the metal sheet rises up like a curtain. You can buy a hinged lever mechanism ready-made or make it yourself; you need few parts for this device. This design is convenient for garages in the yard, on a small garden plot. Free space It's practically not needed to open. A big plus of overhead gates is excellent tightness;
Roller shutters are an unreliable option for garage doors, but they are economical. Metal plates folded like blinds and collected in a special box under the ceiling. Opening such protection is a couple of trifles, so roller shutters can only be installed in protected areas;
sliding gates are reminiscent of wardrobe doors. They require enough space to open on one side (the entire length of the sash leaf). The downside to this design is that the travel rails often get clogged and need to be cleaned regularly, which is annoying.

Of these four design options, the most popular are simple swing and lifting ones. swing gates. How can you weld them yourself using available and inexpensive materials?

Materials, components and tools

Before welding a garage door, you need to think about the dimensions of the structure, it is better to draw a drawing, then it will become clear how many components are needed for the chosen option.

For novice DIYers, there are ready-made kits of ready-made roller gates on sale that are easy to install by following detailed instructions. Those who are familiar with the welding machine need to count the number necessary details, based on the drawing.

Why do you need a drawing?

So as not to have to redo it later finished work, it is better to calculate in advance and find out the important points:

calculate optimal size of the doors, make sure once again that nothing in front of the garage or on the side interferes with the free opening and closing;
it is important that the distance from the side pillar to the driving car is more than thirty centimeters. Even if you currently have a Lada, still calculate the dimensions of the jeep, maybe buy your dream in a few years, don’t overthink the gate later;
standard height is two meters;
optimal opening for garage box 2.4 by 2.1 or 5.4 by 2.4;
the material for the sashes must be reliable, strong and durable - the best option galvanized steel, five millimeters thick. You can also take a thickness of two millimeters for a lightweight frame garage design;
consider a locking mechanism. The simplest option is locking on external pads; the more difficult option is armored linings.

On the drawing it is easy to mark the location of all the elements and calculate what sheet size is needed and how much fasteners are needed.

Required materials and tools

Here is short list components and materials, which each master can add at his own discretion:

steel corner - the mounting frame is welded from it. We take a 75th corner, no less, heavy doors are attached to the frame, so strength and stability are important;
material for the sashes - galvanized metal sheet, profiled sheet or wood. Metal is more reliable, and wood is warmer, but requires impregnation with fire retardants;
hinges - internal hinges on bearings are more reliable and safer, do not freeze in cold weather;
locking system - the choice is limited only by the availability of money, there are a lot of designs;
grinder with a circle for metal, wood and for cleaning;
profile pipe;
tape measure and square;
welding;
water level.

It is better to carry out work on a table or in an open area, placing a channel bar as a stand. Before starting work, be sure to check with a level that the surface is on the same axis (diagonal).

Gate manufacturing work - step by step

First of all, you need to make a supporting frame, which is installed in the garage opening; the doors will be attached to it. We need to make external and internal metal carcass frames

Let's look at the sequence of actions in detail.

Frame making

How to weld gate frames:

the frame must match the height and width of the finished opening. Be sure to measure the outside and inner size, if they were built by non-professionals, then they sometimes differ by 2 - 3 cm;
let's start cutting blanks from the corner;
we lay out the corners on the surface and set them clearly to the water level using pads (it is better to measure a right angle diagonally);
We weld the entire structure and clean all weld seams with a grinding wheel. The frame must be smooth, without roughness or bulges, so that the gate closes hermetically;
We weld a lever into each corner for rigidity and strength of the frame (the remaining trim for the corner will do);
having laid out all the frame elements, lightly weld the structure so that you can try it on and adjust it with a hammer to the size of the opening;
We cook the second frame in the same way.

Before installation, it is better to immediately treat the welded structure with anti-rust metal impregnation, let it dry, and only then proceed with installation.

Frame installation

It is better to install the frame together so that there are no distortions:

we attach both the outer and inner frame structure to the wall with pins, the length depends on the weight of all the gates from 15 to 20 cm;
We weld the frame to the pins, cut off all excess and clean the seams with a grinder;
We fasten the outer and inner frames with plates, the spacing of the lintels is 60 cm.

You can start making gate leaves.

Manufacturing of sashes

The simplest gate design is swinging doors:

lay the pipes on a completely flat surface face up;
We place guides in the rectangle and check with a level;
We take into account that the size of the sashes should provide a gap of 1 - 2 cm between the frame and the frame so that the sashes can be easily opened. Having grabbed the frame by welding, you can try it on and use liners-gaskets to determine right size valves;
We set the corners using a square and a level and cook;
when you have welded two gate leaves, you need to do another fitting, already two halves of the gate, only after that do the final welding;
For standard sashes, two stiffening ribs are made on each. The quantity depends on the thickness of the metal and the weight of the entire structure; the heavier the gate, the more stiffeners need to be installed.

A few words about stiffeners, why they are needed, and how to properly secure them in the frame:

We place vertical corners in the center, fasten them diagonally in the upper and lower square of the sash frame;
if you plan to make a door in one of the doors, then around such a door we place an upper and lower horizontal stiffener. In this case, the sash is divided vertically into two halves, and not horizontally, as in the usual version.

We make a door in one of the doors. To do this, we weld several vertical and horizontal corners; the approximate design of such a frame is shown in the diagram;

All that remains is to weld the hinges onto the frame and sashes. Be sure to measure several times before finally cooking. It’s better to grab it first and hang it, adjust it, and only then cook it thoroughly. We clean out all the irregularities and grind them with a grinder.

Gate trim

This is an important stage, because the gate must be welded precisely, observing the geometry; the slightest discrepancy with the dimensions and a mistake will cause the entire structure to skew:

Cut the galvanized sheet to size. It's important to remember that left-hand side should overlap the right sash (2 - 3 cm);
We weld the sheet to the frame spotwise in half a meter increments;
cut off the extra centimeters of the right sash;
Now we proceed to welding the entire structure of the valves;
You need to weld a sheet of metal to the frame with a continuous seam, but only in spots; if you weld the metal completely, then the frame can lead. An option is a clamp, which can be used to firmly fix the frame to the channel. Then you can weld with a continuous seam, but in stages - 10 cm on one side, then 10 cm on the other, so the metal will not overheat.

It's time to weld the hinges, lower and upper.

How to weld hinges

It is clear that we weld the lower half of the hinge to the frame, and the upper half to the sash. A few important points:

the metal strip will strengthen the connection between the hinge and the frame. Having bent the strip, we apply it to the hinge and to the sash;
Internal inserts made of thin reinforcement will give additional strength to the hinges.

We clean the seams using a grinder. Now you can install the lock.

Locks, latches and latches

If planned the padlock, which is not very convenient, then everything is simple here. We weld two ears made of a curved metal rod to the frame from the outside and clean it with a grinder. But opening such locks in the cold is extremely inconvenient.

A bolt and additional pins - slings from the inside will increase reliability. If you install slings, then the two halves of the gate will be tightly fixed from the inside; it will be possible to make an additional one on one of the leaves front door to the garage.

When choosing a lock for a garage, keep in mind that cylinder locks are very difficult to open in cold weather; they freeze faster and more firmly. Better to buy mortise locks with a key handset.

Painting and insulation

Metal gates must be painted and primed. It is advisable to renew the paint every two years. Important nuances Things to remember when painting gates:

degrease surfaces with solvent;
treat with a metal primer with an anti-rust additive;
we paint, it is more convenient to paint metal from a special apparatus in which the paint is applied under pressure. In this case, the paint consumption is less and the coating performance is higher. The device can be rented, as it is not cheap.

After painting, we proceed to insulating the gates, because metal is the best conductor of cold:

it is more convenient to lay the insulation along wooden sheathing on the gate leaf, which is mounted from the inside;
Expanded polystyrene can be used as insulation, but in this case it will be necessary to protect the insulation with non-combustible finishing sheathing. It is better to choose glass wool in mats or mineral wool– it is a non-flammable material;
Additionally, all the cracks that remain around the perimeter of the frame installation must be foamed polyurethane foam, then cut off the excess foam and plaster;
it is important to fill all voids with insulation so that cold bridges do not form;
for middle latitudes, where there is no severe frost, the insulation layer is 5 cm, for the north - not lower than 10 - 15 cm.

The finishing of the gate from the inside along the wooden lathing is made from plastic lining or plywood.

Making swinging garage doors with your own hands is not difficult, the main thing is to have free time, desire and a welding machine. Make simple things more comfortable to use swing structure It is possible with additional automatic door closing.

Nowadays there are many types of garage doors. Various modifications, with and without electric drives. But welded garage doors are still the leaders in this segment. They will be discussed in this article.

If you decide to make your own garage doors, welding them will not be difficult and will not require much expense.

But in the end you will get a fairly strong and durable structure. Which can also be equipped with an electric drive, which should be purchased in advance and this should be provided for during installation work.

Everything should start with a sketch. Which must be displayed on a piece of paper. First, think about the type of structure, whether it will be mounted from a corner or a profile, what dimensions, what ornament is applicable in the cladding of the product. When this issue has been resolved and a drawing has been drawn, you should purchase required material

Materials

When you come up with a design that suits your building specifically, you should calculate the material to make a garage door; we’ll tell you how to weld it a little later.

For cladding you will need sheet metal, with a thickness of at least 1.5 mm. You will take the size from the completed drawing. However, it should be taken into account that facing material you should take at least 20 cm more in length and height of the product;
Depending on the choice of design, you should buy a profile pipe or corner. However, both materials smaller than 2.5 cm should not be taken. A thin frame will not provide the required rigidity to the entire structure;
During installation, you will need stiffeners, which can be purchased separately, or you can use scraps of material. However, then this size should be taken into account when purchasing;
For degreasing metal surfaces you will need anti-corrosion fluid or regular gasoline;
Primer;
Paint for metal surfaces;
Purchase the required gate bolt and gate lock (see).
Try to purchase quality materials. The manufactured structure is designed for more than one year of service. Try to choose metal with a high carbon content; it will last longer and be less susceptible to corrosion.

Tool

For any work you will need a tool, you need to prepare it in advance.

We will need:

Semi-automatic or welding machine with a power of 220 W;
To measure diagonals, prepare a nylon thread;
We will process the metal with a grinder with grinding and cutting wheels;
You should take metal scissors;
To measure the diagonal you will need a thread;
Building level.

Manufacturing of garage doors

When the equipment is prepared and the necessary material is purchased. You should get to work. Be sure to correctly take all measurements of the future structure. You can make or cook them yourself.

Attention: When measuring the overall dimensions of the structure, take into account the weight of the metal. Consider the timing of opening and closing of moving elements. The larger the span, the more powerful the structure should be. There should be no sagging.

Frame making

Welded garage doors are mounted on a frame. Which should be quite tough. The performance of the entire product will depend on the quality of its manufacture.

The slightest sagging should be excluded. When making a frame, it is better to use a 63rd angle.

So:

First you need to decide on a place. This must be flat plane. If you have a welding table, so much the better. If it doesn't exist, you'll have to make it. This is not that difficult, but it is extremely necessary;
You should take two channels and place them on the plane, with the expectation that the finished product would be 20 cm more from the plane of the welding site. When laying elements, be sure to use a building level. The working plane must be perfectly executed. It will be produced welding work and as a result of incorrect arrangement of elements, a “propeller” may result across the entire plane of the finished product. And it will be impossible to fix this. Therefore, the surface for welding should be made perfectly flat;
We cut off the structural elements from the corner, take the dimensions from the drawing. We get two top and two side pillars of the frame;
Now we will weld the structure. Some suggest doing this semi-automatically, but this is not correct. A semi-automatic machine is not capable of qualitatively welding the seam of such a powerful corner. It can be used when attaching a 25th angle. But it won’t cook anything powerful. Therefore, it is better to use electric welding to make the frame;
Lay out the corner. We look, if everything is fine, we make cuts for welding at right angles. Again we lay out the elements and grab them by welding;
Let's make sure there is no propeller. Let's try the diagonal. Failure to do this may result in an incorrect product configuration after the work is completed. Everything should fit snugly and have the correct geometric shape. We try it on at the installation site;

If you are making a gate in already ready garage, or another building, then the work is performed according to a slightly different plan:

First, you measure the location for installing the gate. Check that the mounting base is correct. Measure the diagonal;
If something is wrong in the plane of the fastener, it should be corrected. To do this, use a grinder and a circle. Trim the frame locations for a tight fit;
After making the frame elements, they can be attached to the fastener contour and grabbed. To do this, you can take family members to help;
After the elements are tacked, they should be laid on a plane for welding and finally welded;

We process the welded seams using a grinder and a grinding wheel. We remove all the influxes. We check the reliability of fastening the seams using a hammer;
Now we are making the same frame for reverse side walls. Some suggest making gates from one frame. Of course, you can do this by attaching the frame to the wall with anchors. However, this design is quite unreliable and over time the fastening holes become severely damaged. But we do it for ourselves and we won’t cut corners. Therefore, we are making a second frame; this will not increase costs much;
We place two finished frames on both sides of the opening walls and press them against the wall using large clamps. We connect them using a shim, the thickness of which should be at least 3 mm, and preferably 5 mm. We weld it. We remove the clamps and take a look. Everything turned out tough and high quality.

There is one small issue regarding frame installation. It's all about the bottom of the opening, which is located on the ground. The lower plane must be suitable for fastening the corner, that is, it must be rigidly made. To do this, dig a small hole along the length of the lower part of the opening and fill it with concrete for the foundation (see).

After the nth time, you need to put concrete there and press a channel into it, which you need to prepare in advance. When the structure completely hardens, it will be an excellent base for fastening.

Making gate leaves

After making the frame, we begin making the gate leaves. Now we will tell you how to weld a garage door using profile pipe. This material is quite practical in carrying out this type of work. It is quite lightweight, but when used, the structure does not lose its rigidity.

Taking a measurement installed frame. We take all measurements accurately. The quality of the mounted parts, which must fit the already installed structure, will depend on this;
We cut the profile according to the dimensions that have already been taken. Using a grinder and a grinding wheel, we remove burrs from the workpieces;

Attention: Be very careful when setting the diagonal of the structure. If the measurements are incorrect, a “propeller” may form in the product. Press down all elements using clamps and remove them only after the welding has cooled.

We lay out the workpieces at the workplace and secure all connections. After this, we check again how the size is maintained. If everything is correct, we do the final welding;

Example of axis mismatch during installation

We cut off the metal for the gate. Attached. We make a right angle when joining. Let's grab it. Let's check. If everything is correct and the corners are consistent, we weld it completely;
We cut out the elements of the gate and carry out their manufacture and fastening, as described earlier;

Attention: If you are planning to install internal lock, then it is better to complete the base for fastening and holes before installing the sheet. After performing this operation, do this work it will be difficult.

We install spacers. This is required to impart the required rigidity to the structure; metal sheets will be attached to them. We lay out the profile in such a way that we connect the top and bottom of the structure, or side posts. The distance between them should not be less than 50 cm;

Attention: Please note Special attention so that the spacers are not higher than the rack. The sheet and all the parts placed on it will be attached here. uneven surface, will stand out greatly.

To reduce labor time and costs when we make garage doors, welding can be done by spot welding;
Using a grinder and a grinding wheel, we process the joint seams and metal deposits. We degrease the resulting structure with gasoline or anti-corrosion liquid. We wait for it to dry completely and use a rag to wipe off the resulting white coating.

Fastening metal sheet to the frame of the doors

This type of work is carried out using gloves to prevent hand injuries from the sharp edges of sheet steel. This will be the final stage of installation.

Using a grinder and cutting wheel We cut the metal sheet to the size indicated in the drawing;
Use a grinding wheel to remove burrs in places where the metal is cut;
We lay out the sheets on the frame, on the front side we place the sheet elements in a joint when connecting the ends;
The sheet of metal is welded at the joint with a continuous seam, after which the drips are cleaned using a grinder and a cleaning wheel;
We weld the sheet to the gate in the same way. We use the right veils;

We degrease the metal elements and coat them with a primer. We paint the processed parts;

Installation of locks and deadbolts

To ensure reliable protection of a building, it must be properly protected. This requires installing locks and deadbolts.

So:

In one door leaf (see), the one that closes first, it is necessary to install bolts in the frames and the floor of the building. After the gate is installed, holes should be made locally in the upper and lower parts of the structure, between the leaf frame and the gate frame. This is done as an assembly so that there is complete alignment of the holes and there is no play in the valve. After this, the rod is bent in the shape of the letter “G” and the valve is ready. Once you have it in place and pushed in, mark where the stopper will be installed to ensure the bolt stays in place. At this place, weld any rod that will serve as a retainer;
Previously, bases for installation and locks were made. Now it won’t be difficult to install them. The only thing is, do not try to fit fasteners from the outside of the structure. Attach the lock and mark the attachment points on the metal surface. After this, cut off the caps on the bolts and weld them at the attachment points. Clean the weld and attach the lock to this place.

We told you how to properly weld garage doors. If you have decided to connect an electric drive to the gate, do not forget to attach a pipe for wiring in the upper part of the structure. Do it right away. Don't forget to provide channels in the wall for the wire.

On inside design, there must also be a place for installing the engine. It will be difficult to do this after the work is completed. If you have chosen to work quality material, the manufactured product will serve for quite a long time.