Viola means "purple". But it’s not just the purple color that nature has marked this cute flower with. It has an eye in the middle, and the color of the petals is often tricolor. Many peoples of the world have beautiful legends and beliefs about the viola, affectionately called pansy in Russia.

Viola can be a decoration for any flower garden. Not everyone succeeds in growing these plants from seeds, although no special tricks are needed. This plant is unpretentious. Of course, it has its own requirements for comfort. Viola loves fertile light soil, moderate moisture and partial shade, but it is winter-hardy and easily replanted, blooms until frost, on good location can reward with self-sowing and early flowering.

What needs to be done to have a viola in your garden flower bed every summer? Growing from seeds is the most reliable way possess any variety of this flower. You can sow the seeds directly into the ground permanent place. This is done in July, and flowering is expected the next year, in May. But this is done if there are a lot of seeds, and there is confidence that the plants “will not get lost.”

If you purchased seeds of an exclusive variety, and there are 5-10 of them in a bag, then you will not raise your hand to sow them in open ground, waiting for the viola to sprout? Growing valuable varietal seeds for seedlings is a more reliable way to preserve amazing plants.

So, the seeds were purchased at the flower shop. The colorful package shows what a viola will look like when it blooms. Growing seedlings for early flowering should begin in February-March.

Prepare a planting container, at the bottom of which sprinkle a layer of draining soil made of small pebbles and debris. Prepare the soil yourself from a mixture of good humus, turf soil and washed river sand in a ratio of 2:2:1. You can sow the seeds in ready-made commercial soil called “Violet”.

Viola seeds are small, so it is important to observe some subtleties when sowing them. Lightly compact the soil in the box, pour a 2 cm thick layer of snow on top and level it. Small seeds will be clearly visible on white snow. Try to distribute them evenly over the entire area.

Sprinkle the seeds lying on top of the snow with a small layer of soil. You can sift the soil through a large-mesh sieve directly above the box.

Cover the box with glass or a piece of polyethylene to prevent the soil from drying out. Place the box in a bright place, preferably cool (15-17 degrees). Expect shoots to emerge in a week or two.

Baby flower shoots appeared and began to stretch upward? Don’t remove the glass right away, but teach your kids to fresh air gradually, giving them “walks”, the duration of which increases every day. When the plants have 2-3 true leaves, the glass can be removed.

What else do you need? Growing from seeds is exciting, because the grower gives life to the plants. Add a little soil to the roots, monitor the soil moisture so that it does not dry out, but does not become soggy.

Water with caution, you can use a spray bottle. It happens that the seeds hatch, but the sprouts are frail. This problem can be dealt with using modern drugs, which contain microelements, humic and Apply fertilizers according to the instructions, and the sprouts will recover.

How to grow viola in a flowerbed? This is done simply from ready-made strong seedlings. Plants are transplanted to a permanent place when the ground is warmed up and frost has passed.

Please note that viola does not tolerate fresh manure. There is no need to thicken the plantings, as the plant bushes quickly. There should be space between the bushes for ventilation.

A sufficient distance will be 15 cm from one plant to another. Further agricultural technology is simple - loosening, weeding, moderate watering, application of fertilizers in the form of spraying and watering at the root after 2-3 weeks.

– great way get a lot the most beautiful plants for your balcony or plot. Moreover, for almost nothing. Viola seeds are quite inexpensive, unlike already grown seedlings.

You can sow viola seeds in boxes for growing seedlings or directly into the ground.

– biennial (Wittrock viola, Williams viola, tricolor violet) or perennial plant (viola Sororia, viola hornata, fragrant violet). You can grow any type of viola according to three schemes:

1. Autumn sowing for flowering on next year(in open ground)

This pattern is considered traditional and is usually recommended in the instructions on the seed packets. The meaning of such cultivation of viola is as follows: the seeds are sown in the soil in August-September. During the fall, the plants have time to sprout, grow stronger and acquire a powerful root system. In this state, young violas go under the snow and overwinter. The next year, already in April, flowering begins, which lasts until frost.

2. Early spring sowing for flowering in the year of planting (for seedlings)

It is believed that viola blooms only in the second year after planting. But that's not true! It can bloom in the first summer. To do this, you need to sow its seeds early - at the end of February or beginning of March. It is advisable to use additional lighting. In this case, viola seedlings from seeds will bloom 2-3 months after sowing, that is, in May-June, simultaneously with other summer plants. Viola can bloom all summer (especially if you choose the right planting site - without direct sunlight and drying heat), become a green bush before winter and bloom again next spring.

Growing viola from seeds by spring sowing is suitable for subsequent planting of plants in open ground or in balcony boxes.

3. Summer sowing for flowering in the year of planting (in open ground)

You can sow viola seeds directly into the ground in May-early June. Flowering of such plants begins in August-September. Violas grown in this way leave under the snow with flowers. A in early spring bloom again!

Growing viola seeds for seedlings

Let's consider the technology of growing viola seeds for seedlings for subsequent planting in the ground or in balcony boxes.

In order for viola from seeds to bloom at the beginning of summer (or even at the end of spring!), sowing must be timed for the end of February or the beginning of March.

Step 1. Sowing

Viola seeds are sown in any seedling containers: cassettes, pots, used food containers. Select loose and moisture-absorbing soil - this is very important for viola seedlings, which suffer greatly from a lack of moisture in the soil.

Compose a suitable soil mixture for viola, you can do it yourself using this scheme: fertile garden soil + peat + humus + humus in the ratio 2:2:2:1.

Fill the seedling containers with soil.

It is convenient to grow viola seedlings in peat tablets, placed in plastic cassettes

Sowing option No. 1 – traditional, with embedding in the ground

Now is the time to start planting. Classic scheme Growing viola requires that its sprouts sprout in the dark. Therefore, again traditionally, viola seeds are planted in the ground. Do you want to follow a generally accepted pattern? Then perform the landings as follows:

In the prepared soil, form grooves (with your finger or pencil) 0.3-0.6 cm deep. The distance between the grooves is approximately 1 cm.
Place viola seeds in the resulting depressions in increments of 1-2 cm.
Cover the grooves with soil.
Water the plantings with water (if you did not do this before sowing).
Cover the seedling container with film to create a humid microclimate. Ventilate the soil 2 times a day for 10 minutes, opening the “greenhouse”. Otherwise, mold may appear on the ground.
Place the container in a warm place with a temperature of 20-25°C; the degree of lighting before the first shoots of the viola does not matter - at least dark closet Place it on a sunny windowsill.

Sowing option No. 2 - popular among gardeners, without embedding in the ground

Another, although not generally recognized, but very common among gardeners, method of growing viola seedlings involves sowing seeds without planting them in the ground. In this case, the sprouts appear faster, since they do not need to waste energy growing through the soil layer. But! Since the nature of viola requires germination in the dark, after sowing the seedling container is placed in a dark place. Planting viola seeds using this method can be done as follows:

Sprinkle the soil generously with water (preferably warm, about 30-35°C).
Spread the viola seeds superficially on the ground in increments of 1-2 cm (the greater the distance, the later it will be possible to pick).
Place the container in a warm, dark place or cover with a sheet of cardboard.

Sowing option No. 3 – average alternative

Or you can do it according to the “neither yours nor ours” type. Like this:

Sow the seeds superficially (as in option No. 2).
Sprinkle on top thin layer soil (literally 1-2 mm) or sand.
Spill the plantings with warm water.
Cover the container with film or glass and ventilate the soil regularly.
Place in a warm place, lighting does not matter.

Step 2. Care of seedlings

The first shoots of viola seedlings from seeds should appear on the 5-10th day - depending on the variety. Although some “slow-witted” can take a very long time to emerge – up to a month. This delay is especially common if:

old seeds;
a thick layer of soil is sprinkled over the seeds;
the seeds are sprinkled with dense, heavy soil.

Further development of the viola occurs in the light, therefore, if the container was in a dark place before germination, it needs to be moved to a light place, for example, on a windowsill. In spring straight Sun rays Violas are not terrible for seedlings, so even a south-facing window will do.

Sprouted viola sprouts

Despite the fact that viola seedlings are initially quite strong, do not rush to remove the film from the container immediately. Ventilate the soil 2 times a day, starting from 10-20 minutes. Gradually increase the duration of ventilation. After about a week, the film can be removed completely.

Many garden flowers have some degree of frost resistance. These flowers include viola, the seedlings of which can withstand about 5-10 °C even in infancy, until the true leaves appear. Therefore, as soon as sunny spring weather arrives, you can safely take the baby violas out onto the balcony. Not only will they not freeze, but they will also get stronger faster in the fresh air.

Pansies (especially seedlings) really need good watering. Make sure that the soil in the seedling boxes does not dry out; water when the top layer of soil dries. But don’t go to the other extreme - there shouldn’t be a flood either. Flower growers often notice attacks on second-year violas during cold and rainy springs. This is because violas, despite their love of moisture, are prone to rapid rotting when there is an excess of it. This is the “duality” of viols!

Step 3. Picking

At the stage of 1-2 true leaves, viola sprouts can be planted in separate cups. If the roots are torn during transplantation, no worries. Viola tolerates transplantation very well, even during flowering. Sprouts with damaged roots may be slightly stunted in growth, but this will not affect their health.

Viola seedlings are often elongated by the time of picking. The central stem extends to the cotyledon leaves. Therefore, to prevent the sprouts from falling over and becoming more compact, when replanting, bury them in the soil up to the cotyledons. Such manipulation will not only improve appearance viol, but will also make it more powerful root system(additional roots will appear throughout the entire area of the buried part of the stem).

After picking, the viola seedlings begin to grow rapidly and in 3-4 weeks will be ready for planting in a permanent place

Step 4. Pinching

As soon as the viola seedlings expel 2-3 pairs of true leaves, pinch the seedlings for better tillering.

Step 5. Planting the viola in a permanent place

You can plant viola seedlings in a permanent place after a stable warm weather, without night frosts. On the balcony this can happen as early as March, in open ground– in May-June.

Planting viola seedlings in open ground

Plant viola bushes at a distance of 10-15 cm from each other; crowding has a bad effect on the condition of the plants and can lead to disease. When growing violas in boxes or pots, it is enough to allocate 1-2 liters of soil per specimen.

Blooming viola seedlings in a balcony box

Growing seedlings is a troublesome business. Therefore, many people decide to sow viola seeds directly into the ground. This can be done already in late spring or early summer - then the violas will bloom in August-September. If sowing work is timed for August, then flowering will be postponed until next year - in early spring.

Sow viola seeds in furrows 0.3-0.6 mm deep. The distance between the seeds should correspond to the distance between future plants - 10-15 cm. If there is a problem with seed germination, you can plant them more crowded, and after germination, plant the violas at the required interval.

After sowing, water the soil generously and wait for sprouts to appear. At the stage of 2-3 pairs of true leaves, pinch them off. Further care for violas consists of regular watering and fertilizing.

Flowering of violas, when sowing seeds in open ground in early June, begins in August and lasts throughout the fall, until frost

Planting violas: where pansies grow and bloom best

It is important to choose the right place to plant violas. These flowers bloom best in cool conditions, but with plenty of light. That's why the best place for violas - bright sunny areas, but with obligatory shading from midday rays. For example, violas grow well under young fruit trees with a sparse crown that protects them from drying out summer heat. Or on bright western and eastern balconies. On southern balconies, the viola can also show itself in all its glory, but, unfortunately, only until June-July, that is, before the heat sets in.

Which is known to many as “ ", grows most beautiful if it is grown from seeds. You can decorate your balcony or area for minimum funds, because viola seeds are very cheap compared to grown seedlings. You can sow seeds both in special seedling containers and in open ground.

Viola: choosing seeds for planting

Some gardeners and summer residents complain that the viola harvest either did not live up to expectations or did not germinate at all. But often the cause of such consequences must be sought deeper than insufficient feeding or unsuitable climatic conditions.

The whole problem may lie in the initially bad purchased seeds. Next, we will share with you how to avoid purchasing low-quality planting material:

Buy seeds from the store as early as possible. Do not delay until the moment when the assortment remains minimal.
Plan in advance where you will sow your viola. This will help you with calculations and save money. Of course, there is an option when seeds can be purchased with a reserve if they need to be re-sown.
Look carefully at the expiration date indicated on the package. Take those that have at least a year's supply left.
Don't follow the lead bright design. Beautiful design does not mean best quality, and the cost of such seeds is usually much more expensive.

Previously, only a few colors of violets could be found: blue, purple and yellow. Today, breeders have developed many more different colors.

Now you can meet and purchase violas from white until almost black. Most Popular decorative varieties, which are most suitable for amateur gardeners are the following:

Varieties from the series “ Station wagon“They begin to bloom early and very profusely.
Varieties from the series “ Hemalis» are well adapted to wintering and have a wide range color range from white to purple.
Variety " Rococo» with corrugated flower petals.
Variety " Swiss giant"Grows in low bushes with massive flowers.

Important!In order for the purchased seeds to meet the characteristics stated on the packages, you need to buy them only from trusted sellers and manufacturers. In this case, the viola will produce gorgeous flowers all season long.

When is the best time to sow pansies?

Viola can be either a biennial or a perennial plant. Any of the types and varieties of viola can be grown using one of three schemes. We will look further at how to plant pansy seeds.

First method- this is sowing with the expectation of flowering next year in open ground. This is a traditional design and is often recommended on viola seed packets. The essence of this method is as follows: seeds are sown in the ground in August or September. During the fall, the flower emerges, grows stronger, and has time to form a powerful root system.

So the young pansies already ready for winter. Viola begins to bloom in mid-spring in April. Flowering lasts until frost.

Second method- this is planting viola seeds for seedlings with the expectation that it will bloom in the same year. There is a misconception that viola blooms only in the second year after planting the seeds. Its flowering can occur as early as the first summer. You just need to sow the seeds in advance - at the end of winter or early spring.

It is advisable to use additional lighting. So pansies will bloom already in the third month after sowing, that is, in May or June, at the same time as other annuals. Viola can bloom throughout the entire summer period.

For this to happen, you need to choose the right place for planting: without direct sun and scorching heat. Then green flower it will go away for the winter and bloom again next spring. Viola grown from seeds planted in spring is suitable for planting in open soil or balcony boxes.

Third method– sowing viola seeds in open ground in the summer with the aim of flowering in the same year. You can sow pansy seeds directly into the ground in May-June. Viola blooms already in August-September. Viola goes to winter with flowers, and in early spring it begins to bloom again.

Did you know?Breeders bred hybrid species violets, which can bloom from spring to autumn. Annual cultivation technologies were specially developed for them.

Preparing the soil for planting

The seeds of the future plant are sown in any suitable containers: pots, food containers, cassettes. Prepare loose soil with good drainage ability - this is a very important property for future viola seedlings, which suffer greatly from a lack of moisture in the soil.

So that the viola will dissolve in the future beautiful flowers, its cultivation from seeds must be done in such soil. You can prepare such a mixture yourself according to the following scheme: you need to take fertile garden soil, peat, humus in a ratio of 2:2:1.

Fill the seedling container with soil. It is very convenient to grow pansy seedlings in peat tablets, which are previously placed in plastic cassettes.

Did you know?The fruits of violets are very original. During the ripening period, the capsule with three valves is tilted downward on the peduncle until many seeds have ripened in it. Then it rises up, bursts and forcefully spews out seeds with a diameter of more than five meters.

Viola (pansy) planting technology

First option sowing is traditional with embedding in the ground. According to this scheme, it is assumed that viola sprouts sprout in the dark. Therefore, again traditionally, viola seeds are planted in the soil. If you want to do everything according to this scheme, then proceed as follows:

Plow the prepared soil with your finger to a depth of half a centimeter. The distance between them should be one centimeter.
Place the seeds in the grooves at an equal distance of two centimeters, and sprinkle the grooves. Water the seeds.
Cover the container with the plantings with film to create a humid microclimate.
Open the mini-greenhouse twice a day for ten minutes. This will ventilate the soil. Otherwise, the top soil layer may become moldy.
Place the container with seedlings in a warm place with a temperature of about 25 °C. Remember that lighting is not important for the viola until its first shoots appear. You can even place the container in a dark pantry or on a sunny windowsill.

Second option popular among gardeners and it does not involve embedding in the ground. In this case, sprouts appear much faster, because they do not need to expend energy breaking through the soil layer.
But there is one important point: viola, by its nature, germinates in the dark, so after sowing, the container with seeds must be taken to a dark place. Planting pansy seeds is done as follows:

Moisten the soil well warm water about 35 °C.
Place the seeds on its surface in increments of a couple of centimeters.
Cover the container with transparent material and ventilate the soil regularly.
Place the seeds in a warm place or simply cover with cardboard.

Important!It should be remembered that the greater the distance between the seeds, the later the plant will need picking.

Third option is a cross between the previous two. How to plant viola seedlings using this “intermediate” option? This is done as follows:

Sow the seeds as in the first option.
Sprinkle them with soil or sand on top, literally one centimeter.
Pour warm water over everything.
Cover the container with transparent material and ventilate regularly.
Place in a warm place. Don't worry about lighting, it doesn't matter.

Did you know?Violas were the favorite flowers of the French Empress Josephine, who was married to Napoleon Bonaparte. They were also loved by the famous actress, also from France, Sarah Bernhardt. The German literary genius Goethe and the Russian classic Turgenev admired them.

How to create optimal conditions for successful growth

– the flower is unpretentious in care, so its initial cultivation from seeds depends only on the question of when to plant. You can sow viola seeds in different terms to choose from. It will all depend on exactly when you need it to bloom.

The earliest that can be planted is February. The first stage of growing seedlings is to provide them with comfortable conditions. In this case, it is necessary to sow seeds only in closed ground. The selected container for planting must be filled with pre-fertilized and moistened soil.

Superphosphate or ammonium nitrate can be used as fertilizers.

Distribute the seeds evenly in the container and moisten with a spray. After planting, cover tightly with cellophane film, creating a greenhouse effect, and leave in a cool place at a temperature of about 22 ° C for a week.

Did you know?IN Ancient Rome viols were present at every celebration. The Latin proverb “in viola esse”, which literally means “to recline on violets”, that is, to be in bliss.

Rules for caring for seedlings

As we have already said, viola seeds by nature germinate best in the dark. Monitor the level of soil moisture and loosen it carefully so as not to damage the sprouts. When to pluck viola after germination?

After a week, the seeds should sprout first. When the first leaves appear, this procedure can already be performed. It is absolutely not complicated, the main thing is to maintain a distance of 5-6 centimeters between the sprouts. This is followed by similar care: moistening the soil, feeding with nitrogen-containing fertilizers, and a cool and dark place.

Viola as an annual plant

These flowers have different flowering times. The peak of viola flowering is the first half of summer, petunias - the second, when viola is no longer so decorative. And in my opinion, low and small-flowered plants (carpet plants), such as lobelia or lobularia, go better with pelargonium. I think that it is better to plant petunias and violas either separately in masses or combined with flowers with more large flowers(for example, petunias and lilies or violas and peonies). Although petunias and lobelias look beautiful. That is, there is only one principle: something should dominate, and something should serve as a background. But the whitefly is a completely different story. If it is impossible to fight and it is completely covering, then maybe for a while give up those flowers where it has settled and sow others in this place?

Usage

Early flowering violets go well with spring bulbs - tulips and daffodils. Bright flowers perfectly complement evergreens, including conifers. Small-flowered species look good against the background of ground cover sedums, for example white sedum.

cornuta (horned violet),

Viola as a biennial plant

Dear gardeners, do not forget about these modest, but so cute and lovely biennial flowers, it’s hard to imagine our flower gardens without them.

This species is a typical biennial. Gives a good cut, lasts a long time in water. The stem is erect, well branched, forms a pyramidal bush, covered with stiff hairs, the leaves in the rosette are oval-lanceolate, the upper ones on the stem are narrow-lanceolate, stem-enclosing. The plant is vigorous, reaches a height of 70-90 cm. The flowers are blue, blue, pink, white, purple, large, collected in loose clusters. Blooms in June-July. Seeds are sown in June - early July, by autumn a rosette of leaves is formed, the seedlings dive and are planted in a permanent place in August. Plants bloom in the 2nd year, bloom profusely, form seeds and die. Very rarely, plants produce shoots from the root collar, which overwinter and bloom in the 3rd year, but rather weakly. The bell loves sunny places, protected from the wind, the soil is nutritious, permeable, well-drained; in damp areas in winter the plant will wither away.

Viola as a perennial plant

Biennial plants in the first year of life form a rosette of leaves, overwinter, and in the second year they bloom, set seeds and die.

Viola can be planted not only with seedlings, but also with seeds. Seeds are sown directly in open ground in the month of May, preferably in the middle. About fifty seeds are sown per meter of furrow. Another sowing option is to sow in holes that are located at a distance of at least 5 cm. 2-3 seeds are sown in each hole. To ensure active seedlings of plants, it is recommended to soak the seeds in a solution of Epin or Zircon for a day.

Growing by cuttings

The charming viola blooms with large flowers, and the flower can have completely different colors. Today, varieties have also been bred that have a corrugated edge of the petals.

Self-sowing cultivation

Beautiful garden plant, which has several names, one more sonorous than the other, is loved by many gardeners. Viola, tricolor violet (Viola tricolor), is popularly poetically called pansies. In order for a plant to delight for a long time with its spotted, contrasting or bright monochromatic colors, you need to know about the peculiarities of its growth. Viola can be grown different ways depending on climatic conditions and planned flowering dates.

petunia

Features of care

Rock garden and rock garden Borders and ridges Balcony and container plants

Species affiliation Violet

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Planting viola seedlings. How to grow viola

"Ural Gardener", No. 24, 2013

The stem is straight, slightly branched, 1 m high, covered with small hairs. The upper leaves are oval, alternate. The lower ones, making up the rosette, are petiolate, opposite, heart-shaped, toothed. The flowers are large, violet-red, collected in a simple panicle. Lunaria has very original fruits, which are round, filmy pods. The partitions in them are transparent, with a pearlescent tint. After the pod valves fall off, the septum is preserved. The dried stems with pods are dried and used for arranging dry bouquets. Lunaria seeds are sown in June and early July.

Planting seedlings

There are few plants that belong to this group, and it is a heterogeneous group. Among them there are typical biennials that complete their development cycle in 2 years (bellflower, lunaria, mallow), and perennials grown as biennials (daisy, forget-me-not, pansy, Turkish carnation). After the second year they do not die, but lose their decorative properties and are partially thinned out. In the third year, many of them grow poorly, form small flowers, and often die during wintering.

The seeds need to be buried 0.5 cm and the grooves should be covered with soil, rubbing it with your fingers. After this, water the soil in in moderation and mulch it a little with sawdust to maintain moisture. Within a week the first shoots will hatch; they should be shaded by stretching a dark film over the plants. After a couple of weeks, the film can be removed.

In cultivation, viola is unpretentious, it is winter-hardy and can easily tolerate transplantation even during flowering. Growing this plant relatively quickly, the primrose appears already in May, and until late autumn the viola enchants everyone with its beautiful appearance.

Very simple and effective way Viola propagation is by cuttings carried out in open ground. At the end of May - early June, young green shoots are cut from adult bushes and planted in a dark place with high density and shallow.

Some varieties of viola do not tolerate low temperature conditions in middle lane. Therefore, gardeners have to put more effort into decorating own plot and use the method annual cultivation culture.

Why do you need to choose? I have a lot of colors, and the choice I make is not about what is better, but what ELSE to choose from the ones I already have!

Planting in open ground

Related materials

Plant type Biennials Perennials Fragrant

odorata (fragrant violet), Viola tricolor (tricolor violet).

Pansies

Landing in the second year

The seedlings require careful care, timely thinning, watering and regular loosening. The soil should be light, nutritious, and the place should be sunny. In August, the seedlings are planted in a permanent place, and the plants bloom in June the following year. For the winter you need a light shelter.

Plant care

According to the time of flowering, biennials are divided into spring (forget-me-not, daisy, pansy) and summer (foxglove, night violet, Turkish carnation, bellflower, lunaria, hollyhock). Spring-flowering biennials are especially valued in floriculture - they bloom when the range of flowering plants is poor - the bulbous ones have faded, and the annuals are far away.

When planting seeds directly into the ground, you should add crushed coal in a ratio of 0.2 coal and bird droppings to 1 part of the soil. Viola does not like hardened soil, and coal works well against this problem. If coal seems something extravagant or inappropriate to you, then use the classic planting method - add a soil substrate that is ideal for violets: turf, manure, sand and peat in a ratio of 2:2:1:2.

Viola is known to most as pansies. Even though it's quite unpretentious plant, however, in order for variegated flowers to please the eye throughout the season, planting viola seedlings must obey certain rules.

The cuttings actively take root in 3.5 weeks, and by the end of summer they will already be blooming. If cuttings are carried out later than June, the viola will bloom only next year in the spring. The method of propagation by cuttings prevents viola bushes from growing excessively; rejuvenation occurs, which promotes more vigorous flowering. In one summer season, one adult plant can produce about 40 cuttings. This method of propagation is used for especially valuable varieties.

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Time to sow biennials

In early spring, from about the end of February to mid-March, when the average daily temperature is +10 degrees, shallow, uniform sowing of seeds is carried out on closed ground with mandatory moisture. The containers are covered with cellophane or a glass cap and stored in a cool, dark place.

Lacfiol, gomphrena, celosia, cineraria, amaranth, stachys are short.

And if everything in the garden is done with your own hands... Reading

Pansy, or Vitrocca violet

Group Rhizomatous herbaceous flowering

Wittrock violet

Bearded carnation, or Turkish carnation

"Bambiny",

This is a perennial plant, but garden culture grown as a biennial. The leaves of the poppy are pinnately dissected and form a basal rosette. Peduncles up to 50 cm in height. The flower is 5 to 8 cm in diameter, one per stem, but there are many stems. The flowers are cheerful - yellow, white, orange, pink. Poppy blooms almost all summer. Easily propagated by self-sowing. If you sow seeds in the ground in April-May, you can get flowering plants as early as August. When sown in late summer, the plants bloom in May of the following year. Does not tolerate transplantation. For long-term flowering, you should tear off the seed pods. Grows well in moist soils, but the place must be sunny. Responds well to fertilizing.

Under this name are united many varieties and variety groups of complex hybrid origin, obtained as a result of repeated crossing different types. Plant height is 15-30 cm. The flowers are single, five-petaled, of various colors: plain, with an eye, two or three colors. Modern hybrids have large (up to 6-8 cm in diameter) and even flowers pure colors. Violet blooms from May to August. The timing depends on the time of sowing the seeds.

Matron's noctule, hesperis, or night violet

As for the elite varieties of viola, they can be propagated by cuttings and layering, however, this option is more applicable in greenhouse conditions than in garden plots.

Medium bell

Since viola is a biennial plant, planting it as seedlings is necessary to obtain rainbow flowers in the first year of cultivation. Planting begins in February and is done with certain nuances. Before planting, viola seeds are soaked for a day in a solution of Epin, Zircon, and EM-1.

Lunaria, or reviving lunar

When the plant fades, a three-lobed seed capsule is formed. If faded parts of the plant are removed in time, the viola will continue to bloom. Otherwise, the seeds ripen, they disperse on their own and sprout the next year. The plant then dies, leaving only a dried bush.

With excessive high temperature(above +20 degrees) the seeds may “fall asleep”. After 5–14 days, the seeds will germinate and when the first leaves appear, they can be picked, leaving a distance of about 5 cm between the young plants. Closer to the beginning of summer, the seedlings are transplanted into open ground. Viola tolerates transplantation well even during flowering.

Holostem poppy, or Siberian poppy

In my opinion, petunia is better. Although it is inferior in beauty to viola, petunia has a longer flowering period and is unpretentious in cultivation. And goes well with lobelia. The main thing is to choose a color scheme.

Mallow or pink hollyhock

Perennial flowers, with them in the garden.... Reading

Perennial daisy

Reproduction methods: Seed and vegetative (by dividing the bush, layering, cuttings)

and horned violet are very similar in appearance; Many varieties of both species have been bred, with different colors and flowering periods. Horned violet – long lasting flowering perennial. With regular watering, it can bloom almost continuously from May until late autumn. It is recommended to cover the bushes with spruce branches for the winter.

Forget-me-not hybrid

Viola

Foxglove purpurea

In the first year, the plant forms a powerful rosette of large round-toothed leaves. In the summer of the second year, a vigorous peduncle appears, which ends in a spike-shaped inflorescence of large, simple, semi-double or double sessile flowers of pink, purple, red-cherry, yellow, and white. Mallow propagates by seeds (self-seeding is possible), the seeds are sown in May or June, the seedlings dive to a permanent place when the first true leaf appears. Plants bloom in the 2nd year, in July-August, bloom for about 30 days. The flowers are 8-10 cm in size, sometimes there are up to 90 flowers on one peduncle. To obtain lush flowering, mallow must be provided with well-fertilized loamy or sandy loam soils; fertilizing with humus or compost is required. In dry weather, frequent and abundant watering is necessary. For support, tall bushes should be tied to stakes.

For early spring flowering, seeds are sown on ridges in the second half of June in such a way that the plants develop well before autumn, but do not have time to bloom. Shoots appear on days 8-14, then the seedlings dive to a permanent place. Seeds of new large-flowered hybrids can be sown at home in January-February, and planted in the ground in May, and in June the violets will already bloom. main feature The advantage of violets is that you can plant already flowering seedlings in the ground, and they take root well. The plant prefers sunny areas, can bloom in partial shade, but loses the brightness of its color; it loves nutritious, loamy soils. Cold-resistant and moisture-loving plant. For lush and long flowering, regular feeding and watering are required. Ideal plant for ridges, flower beds, garden flowerpots and balconies, and if you plant seedlings in bloom, you can create a pattern on a flowerbed or lawn from plants of different colors.

To get abundant viola color in the second year, it should be sown in open ground in mid-summer. For the winter, mulch the plants, and then with the onset of spring warmth, the viola will begin to delight you with its colorful flowers.

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Viola, description, varieties, photos, growing conditions, care, application

Description

The swollen viola seeds are laid out on the surface of a slightly damp and compacted substrate, sprinkling the seeds a little, sprayed and covered with glass. The beds can be cleared of seedlings by replanting them in other places in the garden. Self-seeding does not produce such excellent flowering results as other methods of growing viola, but it can make the gardener’s work easier. It will not be possible to preserve the characteristics of the variety during self-sowing, so you need to try to maintain a distance between different varieties of viola plantings of at least 100 m. From the end of June until the end of summer, pansies will delight with friendly flowering. Some hybrid viola plants can bloom until frost. Both are good. And they bloom all summer long Garden and vegetable garden care....ReadingTime for planting in the ground April - May or July - August Wittrock's violet is cultivated as a biennial. There are early-flowering and late-flowering, usually large-flowered varieties; in extreme heat, violets growing in the sun may temporarily stop forming new flowers; in partial shade, flowering is usually continuous. This plant is extremely unpretentious and takes root easily; it can even be replanted while it is flowering, which is often used by flower growers when filling vacant spaces in flower beds. - a perennial plant belonging to the Violet family; in garden culture it is often grown as a biennial. To the genus The plant is a perennial, cultivated as a biennial. The most abundant flowering happens in the 2nd year. In the third year, the inflorescences become smaller and a significant part of the plants die. Daisy is an early flowering, unpretentious plant. In the first year it develops a compact rosette of graceful leaves on petioles. In the second year, flower stalks 15-20 cm high grow. The inflorescences are simple and double, white, pink, red. The diameter of the inflorescences in small-flowered varieties is 2-3 cm, in large-flowered ones - 4-4.5 cm. The seeds are sown in late June-early July, then plucked and planted in a permanent place in August. The daisy blooms early, in early May, and blooms for a long time. With the onset of hot and dry weather, the inflorescences become smaller and flowering dies out, but by autumn, during cool and wet weather, flowering begins again and can last until frost. A perennial plant, but used as a biennial. Seeds are sown in early July, seedlings appear after 10-12 days, and after a few days they are harvested. At the beginning of August, small dense bushes develop, at which time the plants should be planted in a permanent place. Bearded carnation overwinters better if the plants have developed well after transplantation. The following year in the spring, straight, knotty stems 40-50 cm high appear, ending in a dense corymbose inflorescence consisting of many five-petaled flowers. Flowers of bright pure color: white, pink, copper-red, burgundy or two-tone - with an eye or border. Blooms in June.

Viola prefers loose, fertile, moist soil. It is very important to regularly loosen the soil and water the plants. Since the roots of the viola are buried no more than 20 cm into the soil, these measures, together with the removal of faded flowers and weeding, stimulate lush, long-term flowering. It is better to grow seedlings in a special soil substrate for violets.

Viola can be planted not only in well-lit areas, but also in partial shade. At the same time, its flowering lasts longer, but the decorative quality of the plant suffers.

With this growing method, seeds are sown in open ground in June - early July. This could be a cold greenhouse or exploration beds. In a period of 10 to 21 days, the plants sprout and are picked. When two full-fledged leaves appear, young plants are planted in a place of permanent cultivation at intervals of 20-25 cm from each other. This usually happens in August or early September. Plants should have time to develop well and gain strength before the arrival of cold weather, but not bloom.

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Planting pattern 10 x 15 or 15 x 20 cm

If shoots with faded flowers are regularly pruned, the plant forms a compact, dense bush and blooms profusely. Without pruning, the shoots become elongated and flowering may weaken. Such shoots can be pinned to the soil and hilled up, and when the cuttings take root, they can be transplanted (usually in the spring of next year). If the fading seeds are not removed, many varieties of violets can reproduce by self-sowing.

Small-flowered varieties are more winter-hardy than large-flowered ones. On damp soils, the daisy may freeze or be subject to damping off, so choose well-drained areas. It should be borne in mind that daisies retain leaves and buds in winter, so on light sandy soils, daisies, especially double varieties, require light shelter. To obtain flowering daisies in the first year, the seeds are sown in March, planted in open ground in June, and they bloom in July-August. When propagating from seeds, splitting occurs, some of the plants are not double, so to maintain doubleness, you need to take cuttings or divide the bushes. Flowering bushes in July they are divided into 4-6 parts (the bush itself easily falls apart), they all quickly take root and continue to bloom, but plants grown from seeds are more winter-hardy. With regular watering, daisies bloom profusely in the shade and sun. Lack of moisture weakens flowering, the inflorescences become smaller and lose their fullness. It is necessary to feed the plants with mineral fertilizers, as well as remove faded inflorescences, this ensures long and abundant flowering.

Currently, many forms and varieties are known, there are simple and double varieties. When propagated by seed, the doubleness of the flower is not completely transmitted; usually, only half of the double varieties are obtained from sowing double varieties. To reproduce terry varieties, you need to use green cuttings, which are taken in June from two-year-old plants and rooted in shaded beds with constant moisture.

This miniature beauty thrives in fertile, moderately moist and well-drained soils. It will also not wither on poor soils, but it will not delight with lush flowering.

From time to time it is advisable to ventilate the plantings. You can place the container with the crops in a plastic bag. The first shoots appear after two weeks. At the stage of 1-2 true leaves, viola sprouts must be picked. Picking should be done twice: a week after planting, then another couple of weeks. When picking, plants should be planted, maintaining 6 cm between them in each direction.

Conditions for growing Viola

When planting pansies, you should try to avoid low-lying areas with stagnation melt water and areas with dry sandy soil. The plant grows well in moist, fertile loams. It is preferable to use complex potassium, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers; for seedlings, ammonium nitrate and superphosphate. Viola does not tolerate feeding with fresh manure.

Viola care

In order for the plants to survive the winter safely, they are mulched with sawdust, straw or spruce branches. Flowering will begin no earlier than mid-May. Not all plants will survive the subsequent wintering, and the remaining ones will become smaller, with elongated stems. To increase the decorativeness of the viola for next year, it is recommended to trim the flower stalks in October, leaving only the densest of them.

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Viola or Wittrock's violet, popularly called pansy, is an unpretentious herbaceous flowering plant, grown as an annual, biennial or perennial. Most often grown as a biennial or annual. Quantity hybrid varieties Viola is huge and covers all forms of flowering from early to late flowering plants. The color options and sizes of flowers are very diverse; flowers can be single-colored, spotted, or contrastingly colored. Flowering, depending on the variety and planting time, lasts from March to May or from September to October; new flowers bloom constantly and are suitable for cutting. But more often they are used in flower beds and ridges to create patterns and flower arrangements, as a frame. They are planted under other plants, in empty spaces after perennial plants have flowered, in rock gardens, since replanting is possible at any stage of the viola’s growing season and is well tolerated. A place for planting is chosen in the sun or partial shade, taking into account that flowering begins earlier in the sun, but in partial shade it lasts longer. Planting is carried out with seeds or seedlings; seeds can be bought in flower shops, since they offer ready-made mixes, or you can collect and sow your own. The seedlings are suitable compact, with dark green foliage. When growing viola as a biennial, the seeds are planted either in a flower bed or at home in containers with planting soil. The soil in containers and in the flowerbed should be permeable and nutritious. Seeds are planted in 2 - 3 pieces. into each hole or cell, cover with a thin layer of soil and a dark film on top, keep in a cool place, water daily. After the first leaves appear, the film is removed and the plantings are thinned out when they reach 2 cm in height. Seedlings are planted in September, and organic fertilizer is added to the planting.

Violas	There are many garden and wild species with different flowering periods and degrees of decorativeness. In addition to the popular pansy, or Wittrock violet (Viola wittrockiana), common	A little piece of blue sky! At the moment of mass flowering, the bush looks like a blue ball. The plant is 25-30 cm high, the leaves are light green, oblong-lanceolate, the inflorescence is a curl with an abundance of small sky-blue flowers. But there are species with white and pink flowers. Seeds are sown in late June-early July in the ground, planted and left until spring. In spring they are planted in flower beds. Tolerates transplantation well in a blooming state. Blooms from mid-May for 3-4 weeks. Forget-me-not reproduces well by self-sowing, I have never sowed it on purpose, and it grows in a variety of places on our site. Forget-me-nots require fertile, moist soil and a slightly shaded area. If there is a lack of moisture, it blooms poorly and produces seeds earlier.
Turkish carnation is winter-hardy, grows well on loamy or sandy loam soils, on sunny places, but can also withstand partial shade. Blooms for 15-20 days. Propagates well by self-sowing. Cut cloves stand in water for a long time.	Viola seedlings must be fertilized at least once a decade with a solution that contains complex mineral fertilizers. As for adult plants, they need to be fertilized monthly. Ammonium nitrate or superphosphate is suitable for this. Calculation necessary fertilizer should be calculated according to the ratio of 30 g per square meter. meter of soil.	Viola is planted in open ground in May-June (about two months after planting seedlings), after spring frosts, leaving a distance of 10-15 cm between plants. To allow the plant to spread out a little, you can leave 20 cm between the bushes.

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Which is better petunia or viola?

Larisa

Pansies look very impressive as a border plant. They are often used to decorate alpine coaster, they grow beautifully on balconies in boxes or flowerpots, they are pleasing to the eye at home on the windowsill in flower pot. When cut, they stand for quite a long time and symbolize the flowers of love.

Evgeny Shpakov

If you want the plants to live for several years, you need to briefly trim the bushes that have grown and lost their decorative appearance, leaving no more than 5 cm from the root. After this procedure, the plants are fertilized.

#GG#

It's a matter of taste

Lelya Casanova

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Elena the Wise

Before winter, in regions with harsh winters, pansies should be covered with spruce branches until spring. During the growth period, weeds must be constantly pulled out so as not to choke out the young plants. To prevent self-seeding and prolong overall flowering, you need to regularly pick off faded flowers before seeds form. If the shoots lengthen, they need to be shortened by 3–5 cm every few weeks. Diseases that often affect viola are late blight and root rot. At the same time, the leaves turn yellow and die, and the shoots rot at the base. This often occurs after cold, rainy weather. Such shoots should be removed.

Tasya Serova

– excellent plants for borders and edgings. They can be planted as a frame for flower beds or used for lining medium- and tall-growing perennials, or planted under bushes. Small-flowered varieties are used in rockeries and rock gardens. Violas are also used for all types of container plantings.

Hedgehog

Manechka

The shape of the flower resembles a thimble, hence the origin Russian name plants. Leaves, stems and roots are poisonous! Therefore, it should not be grown in areas where there are small children. Foxglove is a perennial plant grown as a biennial. In the first year, basal light green, large, oblong-oval, hairy leaves are formed from the seeds. The surface of the leaf is slightly wrinkled. In the second year, straight, unbranched, rigid stems appear, 1-1.5 m high, bearing large pendulous flowers in the upper part, collected in a one-sided spike. The flowers are irregularly bell-shaped - white, pink, red, purple, yellow with dark dots. The seeds are very small, they are sown in the ground in June-July and sprinkled with sand on top, the seedlings are planted and planted in a permanent place in August. It blooms the next year in July and blooms until September. Soils for planting need to be loose, fertile, and permeable. In sunny places, foxglove blooms better, although it tolerates partial shade. By regularly cutting off the flowering stems, new flower shoots are formed.

Olga

The plant got its name from the Greek word “hesperos”, which means evening. The flowers are fragrant and emit a particularly strong aroma in the evening and at night. Hesperis is a perennial grown as a biennial because... in the third year the plants bloom poorly and many die. In the first year, a dense rosette of leaves is formed, in the second year the stem grows up to 80 cm, branched in the upper part, with numerous flowers in cylindrical racemes. The leaves are elongated, fleecy. The flowers are simple and double, purple, lilac, white. Seeds are sown in June - early July, seedlings are planted, and in September they are planted in a permanent place. Plants bloom in June. Biennial plants produce many high-quality seeds that ripen well and self-sow. If it is not limited, then hesperis can take over the entire flower garden. The plant is unpretentious, frost-resistant, loves moist, loose, nutritious soils containing lime, and can withstand partial shade.

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Tricolor violet, moths. There is probably no person who would not at least once admire this bright, sensual flower. If you are looking for a beautiful, but at the same time unpretentious plant for your garden, then the choice is obvious - viola.

Planting and caring for viola does not require special knowledge and skills; any gardener can cope with this task. This flower can be grown both in open ground and in flowerpots and pots. The ease of propagation will allow you to admire this plant for many years. So it’s worth looking at the photo of the viola, choosing the varieties you like and starting planting.

Viola: varieties and varieties

The genus of violas has up to 500 varieties, but only a few of them are chosen for growing in gardens. We will dwell on these types and varieties in more detail.

Swiss giants;
rococo;
bambini.

Planting a viola

Viola is feeling well and sunny areas, and in the shade. But you should still avoid the sun and complete shade. Try to choose a place where your flowers will be shaded for several hours a day, and the rest of the time they will bask in the sun.

Viola can be planted using both seedlings and seeds. Seeds are sown in open ground in May. 2-3 seeds are placed in the holes, and 50-60 seeds per meter in the furrows. Gardeners do not recommend deep-burying the seeds; 0.5–0.7 cm is enough. Sprinkle the top with a thin layer of soil and water. The first shoots will not take long to appear. After just a week, it is recommended to cover the young shoots with a dark film so that they do not burn in the sun. After two weeks the film can be removed.

Viola is very easily propagated by seeds

Planting seeds for seedlings is done in the same way. In February, seeds are sown in pots or boxes. Young violets dive twice. The first time as soon as the first shoots appear, the second time after 2-3 weeks. Seedlings can be planted in open ground after two months. There is no need to leave large gaps between the beds with viola; 25 cm is enough for free growth of viola.

Advice. If you decide to grow seedlings, then it is best to use a special ready-made substrate for violets, which can be purchased at any hardware store.

Plant care

The root system of the viola is located quite shallow, so watering this flower should be regular. But you should not allow water to stagnate. In addition, the viola responds gratefully to loosening. It is best to cover the viola for the winter. For this, a small layer of spruce branches, peat or leaves will be enough.

Loosen the soil around the viola carefully so as not to damage the root system

Advice. To prolong the flowering of viola, remove faded flowers and seed pods.

Fertilizer and feeding of viola

You can start fertilizing this perennial plant by preparing the bed. In autumn, when digging, it is recommended to add humus or mineral fertilizer. Seedlings must be fertilized once every two weeks with complex mineral fertilizers.

Should not be used organic fertilizers for feeding viola

Adult flowers will be grateful for superphosphate fertilizing, which must be applied once a month, but manure should be avoided.

Viola propagation

To preserve varietal qualities, viola can be propagated by cuttings, since when cross-pollinated, the resulting seeds can produce offspring that have lost their maternal characteristics. In addition, cuttings allow you to rejuvenate plants that, after three years, grow too much and lose their flowering splendor.

Viola: how the plant works

Viola can be cut at any time of the year; even during flowering, it easily tolerates transplants. It is best to choose green shoots that have already formed 2-3 buds. Carefully trimmed cuttings are planted in a garden bed, which is best done in a shaded place. There is no need to bury the cuttings; 0.5–1 cm will be enough. Don’t forget to periodically water your seedlings, and within a month you will have ready-made planting material.

Advice. When planting cuttings, you can cover them with a damp cloth or paper to avoid drying out and wilting.

Diseases and pests

Viola, which is very easy to plant and care for in open ground, will delight you with colors all summer long. And to avoid difficulties associated with diseases and pests, follow simple rules agricultural technology. The most common disease among violets is powdery mildew. It occurs due to improper feeding - from an excess of nitrogen. In this case, it is necessary to treat the plant with soda mixed with soap.

Powdery mildew

In addition to powdery mildew, if there is excess moisture, you may encounter problems such as black leg or gray mold. If these diseases are detected, immediately remove the diseased bushes before the fungus spreads throughout the entire garden bed.

Occasionally, the viola becomes more spotty, with the leaves drying out, and the plant itself weakens and dies. Such plants must be uprooted and burned, and the remaining perennials must be sprayed with Bordeaux mixture.

Caterpillar

The most dangerous pests for viola are caterpillars that eat the leaves of the plant. To combat them, specialized means are used.

Viola in landscape design

Viola is very friendly and gets along well with others perennial plants. Pairs well with daisies and daffodils.

Small-flowered violets are most expressive when they grow in large numbers. A kind of carpet of green leaves and small flowers of fragrant violet can be made even more spectacular if you add other early flowering crops to it. Scilla, crocus, doronicum and tiarella are ideal.

White violets will go perfectly with dicentra and red peonies. Very often in landscape design violets decorate the alpine hills along with gorse, armeria and iberis.

Viola looks wonderful in the same flower bed with different plants

Various varieties of viola are used as border plantings, and groundcovers are combined with ornamental shrubs and dwarf coniferous trees. In flower beds and mixed flower beds, forget-me-nots, tulips and daisies have become the viola's constant companions. The unpretentiousness of viola and the ease of growing it in pots allows you to decorate not only flower beds and gardens, but also terraces, balconies and window sills.

Viola, like all violets, is also distinguished by its medicinal abilities. Its decoctions are used for laryngitis, gastritis and many other diseases. And the violet tincture itself is often drunk instead of tea, since it has a very pleasant taste and aroma.

Decorative composition with viola

Viola, as we have seen, is a simple and unpretentious plant, the cultivation of which will not cause you any trouble if you follow the rules of agricultural technology and minimal effort. And bright multi-colored flower beds with violets will delight you with their blooms until frost.