During the construction and repair work attention is paid to the installation of doors Special attention. Incorrectly designed size doorways may cause the purchase of products of non-standard sizes. This significantly increases the cost of the final result. Operating the door will also be inconvenient. Large furniture must fit through openings. Many reasons force us to build such elements in accordance with norms and standards. They should be studied before starting work.
Types of doors
When studying what sizes of doorways are considered standard, you should consider their existing types.
Over many centuries, this element of the interior has been improved and modified. Changed like appearance door and its functionality.
When considering options for residential premises, it should be noted that they can be wooden, metal and plastic.
Based on their strength, armored and thin varieties are distinguished. The entrance door to the home should protect against uninvited guests. Their interior varieties perform more of a decorative function.
The door may have glass inserts or be solid, have one or two doors.
The size of doorways is calculated in accordance with the purpose of the door for interior, entrance and technical varieties.
Door elements
The dimensions of doorways are regulated by GOST 6629-88. It stipulates the standard ratios of all elements.
Therefore, to understand the dimensions of the entrance partitions, you should consider in detail all their components.
The door consists of a leaf, an opening/closing device (hinges or a rail device), a lock (latch), and a handle.
Decorative components that influence the entrance doorway and the size of the structure include platbands. Design elements also include stained glass windows, mirrors, etc.
Residential doors
Residential premises require the installation of swing doors. Most often they open outwards. This is due to a number of reasons. This type of opening saves space in the hallway or room. An entrance door with this arrangement is almost impossible to knock down. This will protect the apartment from burglary.
Therefore, the placement of the structure can be central (the center of the box and the wall coincide) or offset (installation is carried out flush to one plane of the wall).
Most popular thickness door frame- 35 mm. The height depends on the presence of a threshold. If there is one, then the size of the door is reduced by 70 mm relative to the opening measurement. If it is not there, then the reduction will be 35 mm.
In addition to the main factors influencing the size of the front door opening, there are secondary ones. They must be taken into account in calculations.
Factors influencing the size of the opening
The doorway, the dimensions (GOST 6629-88 describes in detail) of which are calculated at the design stage, takes into account the material of the main walls.
For brick, the height of the opening should be in the range from 188 to 225 cm, and the width from 62 to 176 cm. For a monolith, the height is 187-225 cm and the width is 62-75 cm.
The wood provides openings with a height of 185-197 cm and a width of 57-170 cm.
When calculating what size doorways should be, the thickness of the cladding is taken into account. Laminate raises the floor level by 1.5-2 cm, and linoleum by 0.5-1 cm. But porcelain tiles and tiles will make a step of 3-5 cm. If you plan to install a heated floor, the rise level is calculated separately. It will depend on the type of insulation, flooring and the system itself.
The width of window and door openings is easier to adjust than the height.
For wooden walls and floors, the shrinkage of the material is taken into account, which is different for each rock. For the final determination of what size the doorway will become in the future, it remains technological gap. It is masked with platbands for 1-1.5 years.
Explanation of markings
Factory markings of standard sizes of entrance doors when calculating openings are deciphered as follows.
For example, you may see markings DO21-10P, DG24-15LP. The numbers separated by a hyphen represent the size of the opening, calculated in decimeters. The "D" in the code means "Door". "L" - opening the door to the left. The absence of this letter means that the door opens to the right.
The designation for the right door in the form of a letter is used only for fully assembled products. A door that is ready for installation, with hinges, locks and handles, may be marked with a letter.
"P" - a sign of the presence of a threshold in the configuration. "O" - the door has glazing.
There are other designations, but they are used much less frequently.
Measurement process
During the overhaul process, appropriate measurements of the opening should be taken. It is better to entrust these manipulations to the company that installs or sells the product. However, in case self-construction or installation in old door openings, you should approach the process very responsibly.
To determine the size of the doorways built in the house, access to the base should be provided. To do this, the old platbands are dismantled.
If the plaster crumbles during the modification process, this problem must be corrected. The base is cleaned and strengthened.
It would be advisable to change the size of the opening if it is of non-standard size. This will save money on purchasing custom doors.
Measurements are taken clearly from one edge of the opening to the other. This also applies to the distance from top bar to the ground. These indicators will serve as the basis for purchasing the appropriate door and its components.
How to change the size of the opening and door
As a rule, the opening is adjusted to the size of the door if necessary. It is much easier to reduce or increase the width than the height. To do this, walls are built up or destroyed.
But to increase the height of the opening, a lot of effort will be required. The upper level is partially disassembled and the lintel is removed. It is installed in place after adding several rows of bricks.
The standard size of doorways is adjustable within a few centimeters using installation technology.
It is much easier to adjust the size of the opening to the dimensions of the door. You can cut the door leaf only in sliding plastic doors. Their configuration allows adjustment to the appropriate opening size. This is very beneficial in the case of non-standard dimensions of the door base. However, this type of product is only suitable for interior types of installation and not for every room.
The height of the plastic flaps is adjusted using a hacksaw or jigsaw.
But what to do when new flooring won't let you open the door? In this case, trim the canvas to new size opening is also acceptable. But you can no longer carry out these manipulations on your own. Specialized companies will trim the canvas using special equipment.
Sometimes the canvas requires transportation to the manufacturing plant. Only there is the door size adjusted to the existing conditions.
By learning how to correctly calculate the size of doorways, you can significantly reduce the cost of the construction or remodeling process. By carefully approaching this issue, you can make your work easier and also avoid unpleasant situations in the future.
The correctly selected size of all components will ensure compliance with the necessary functionality of the product, as well as its decorative appearance.
Sections of the article:
Carrying out major repairs in a house or apartment in most cases ends with the installation of new interior doors. However, it is at this stage that the greatest difficulties often arise. The reason for this is the dimensions of the doorway, which often have a lot of errors in the form of curvature of the walls and non-compliance with GOST for the dimensions of interior doors. Therefore, to successfully complete the replacement door designs It is worth familiarizing yourself with the GOST recommendations and permissible changes in the dimensions of openings.
Standard dimensions
To determine the appropriate dimensions of a doorway, it is quite important to distinguish them by functionality. The size of the opening leading to technological rooms such as bathrooms may have slightly smaller dimensions than for conventional interior doors.
Typical sizes interior doors. - Height;
- Width.
The thickness or depth of the passage largely depends on the material of the walls and construction conditions, and therefore are not significant indicators.
Height
Height indicator doorway for bathrooms can be from 1.9 to 2 m. The same applies to the bathroom. Kitchen passages in most cases have a height of 2 m. For other rooms, the norm is 2 - 2.1 m. According to calculations, this is enough to comfortably move people with an average height of 1.7 m.
However, passages with a height of 2.2 - 2.3 m are often found. Such dimensions are explained by the relationship with the height of the ceilings. In most apartments where the distance from floor to ceiling is no more than 2.6 - 2.8 m, the best option is the standard size of 2.1 m.
The main condition justifying the increase standard height door passages, is the need to move large pieces of furniture.
Width
According to GOST, the standard width of a doorway intended for installing an interior door, when using single-leaf structures, has an average size of 0.7 to 0.8 m. Such parameters are justified by average statistical data on the dimensions of an adult.
In this case, the permissible width of passages for bathrooms and toilets can be from 0.55 to 0.6 m. The use of double doors for living rooms and bedrooms allows an increase in the width of the doorway to 1.2 m.
Non-standard dimensions
Currently, non-standard dimensions of doorways are much more common than those prescribed in GOST. This trend is driven by the desire to bring more functionality and convenience to the home, as well as highlight the individuality of the created interior style.
Most often, the width of the doorway in living rooms can be redesigned. In this case, the parameters are increased by more than 1.5 times. So, trying to add a feeling of large space, often instead of the usual single door swing door 0.7 m, the opening dimensions increase to 1.6 m and a double-leaf door is installed.
Due to the presence of large furniture and sufficient dimensions of the rooms, as well as if you wish to give the room visual extension space, the opening for the interior door can be expanded and measure up to 1 m. In this case, both a wide swing door and sliding doors can be used door systems with one or two doors.
However, there are often cases of redevelopment of interior passages by reducing their width. Such actions are also acceptable. But with any changes in the existing passages between rooms towards their narrowing, it is necessary to rely on evacuation and fire safety requirements. The main condition for meeting these requirements is the unhindered movement of people in emergency situations.
Arched doorways
Certain types of doorways include arches. This gradation is due to the peculiarities of their designs. In the absence of door leaf, the width and height of openings can expand significantly. The main condition for redevelopment is changing walls that are not load-bearing structures.
However, even for arches there are some engineering limitations that directly depend on the type of arch structure.
Types of structures
Arches are conventionally divided according to their shape into the following types:
- Rectangular;
- Classic;
- Ellipsoidal;
- Round;
- Semi-arches;
- Eastern;
- Asymmetrical.
The size of the opening of a rectangular arch in most cases is almost identical to the dimensions of the passage under a standard interior door in height and averages 2 -2.1 m. The classic design implies a fairly large radius of curvature of the arch, therefore the passage in the wall in height most often reaches 2. 2 - 2.3 m. In this case, the width in most cases does not change and is the standard 0.8 m.
Despite the somewhat narrower curvature of the ellipsoidal arch, the parameters of the doorway for its installation change significantly. Thus, the width is about 1 m, while the height of the passage can reach almost to the ceiling and have a maximum allowable value of 2.5 m. Such drastic changes are necessary, since with standard dimensions a passage of this shape will have an awkward appearance.
Round structures, like ellipsoidal ones, require significant changes to the walls. The minimum width for this arched doorway is 0.9 m, and the height, due to the large radius, is also close to the maximum technologically permitted value of 2.5 m.
Semi-arch and opening oriental type in most cases, they do not require changing the passage width with standard values of 80 cm. But asymmetrical structures can have maximum permissible width and height parameters.
Features of calculating the dimensions of a doorway
When selecting doors, it is very important to correctly calculate the dimensions of the opening. In this way, the installation of the structure can be significantly simplified. The precisely selected height and width of the product allows you to avoid reworking the opening for the interior door.
It is important to remember that when making calculations in newly constructed buildings, possible shrinkage must be taken into account. The timing of such processes directly depends on the materials from which the walls are made. Amenable to the greatest changes wooden buildings. At the same time, ordinary glued beams can be reduced by up to 2 cm for each meter of height. Logs settle up to 15 cm per 1 m.
Installation various types door designs can significantly affect the width of the passage. Sliding compartment door requires a margin of about 10 cm in width. The rotary door, due to the complexity of the mechanism, also requires an additional niche that reduces the width of the opening to accommodate fasteners.
Finishing work carried out in rooms can also significantly affect the size of the doorway. Thus, laying simple, non-insulated linoleum takes about 1 cm of height. Laminate reduces this figure by 2 cm. If tiles or porcelain stoneware slabs are laid on the floor, the height of the doorway will decrease by 3 - 5 cm. Laying a heated floor can take up an additional 7 - 10 cm.
Appendix 4
2.2, Appendix 4
Appendix 4
2.2, 2.11, Appendix 5
Appendix 6
______________
* In the territory Russian Federation the document is not valid. GOST 19111-2001 is valid
5. REISSUE
This standard applies to wooden interior doors for residential and public buildings, as well as for administrative and auxiliary buildings and premises of enterprises in various sectors of the national economy.
The standard does not apply to doors for special purposes (including fire and soundproofing) and doors made of valuable wood.
1. TYPES
1.1. Doors, depending on their design, are divided into types:
G - with blank canvases;
O - with glazed panels;
K - with glazed swinging panels;
U - reinforced panels with solid filler for entrances to apartments.
1.2. Doors of types G and O are manufactured with single- and double-leaf leaves, with finely hollow (lattice) filling of the leaves, with and without a threshold, with overlay and without overlay, with facings and without facings, with frames and without frames.
Doors of type K are manufactured with double-leaf leaves, with fine-hollow filling of the leaves, without a threshold, without overlap, with and without facings, with frames.
Doors of type U are manufactured with single-leaf blind leaves, with a threshold, without overlap, without facings, with reinforced frames or without frames.
1.3. Doors are classified as products of normal moisture resistance.
1.4. The overall dimensions of the doors must correspond to those indicated in Figure 1. The dimensions in the standard drawings are given for unpainted products and parts in millimeters. The dimensions of door openings are given in Appendix 1.
Damn.1. Dimensions of doors
Dimensions of doors
Damn.1
Notes:
1. Door diagrams are shown from the door opening side.
2. The numbers above the door diagrams indicate the size of the openings in decimeters.
3. Dimensions in brackets are given for doors with swinging leaves.
At the request of the consumer, it is possible to manufacture doors of types O and K in sizes 24-12, 24-15, 24-19, as well as doors of type G in sizes 24-15, 24-19 with a height of 2071 mm.
It is allowed to manufacture double-leaf doors of types G and O with leaves of unequal width.
1.5. The following structure of the door symbol (brand) is established:
Examples symbols
Single-leaf glazed door for an opening with a height of 21 and a width of 10 dm, right, with a threshold:
DO21-10P GOST 6629-88
The same, blind double-sided for an opening 24 dm high and 15 dm wide, left, with a threshold:
DG24-15LP GOST 6629-88
The same, with swinging panels for an opening 24 inches high and 19 inches wide:
DK24-19 GOST 6629-88
The same, reinforced, with continuous filling of the canvas, for an opening 21 dm high and 9 dm wide, right:
DU21-9 GOST 6629-88
The leaf of a frameless door, type G, single-leaf for an opening 20 dm high and 7 dm wide, left, with overlay:
PG20-7LN GOST 6629-88
2. DESIGN
2.1. Doors must be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of GOST 475 and this standard according to working drawings approved in the prescribed manner.
2.2. The design, shape and standard dimensions of the doors must correspond to those indicated in Figure 2, and the cross-sectional dimensions - in Figure 3.
Damn.2. Design, shape and sizes of doors
Design, shape and sizes of doors
Drawing 2 (sheet 1)
Drawing 2 (sheet 2)
Drawing 2 (sheet 3)
Notes:
1. Sections of parts, see drawing 3.
2. It is allowed to manufacture doors of type U with overall dimensions doors type G.
Damn.3. Types O and G
Types O and G
1 - mounting board; 2 - patterned glass according to GOST 5533 or reinforced glass according to GOST 7481, or window glass according to GOST 111 * 4-5 mm thick
Drawing 3 (sheet 1)
______________
GOST R 54170-2010, hereinafter in the text. - Database manufacturer's note.
Notes:
1. The sections of blind doors are similar to glazed ones, with the exception of glazing details.
2. It is allowed to use plastic layouts for fastening glass.
3. It is allowed to use mounting boards of a different design.
1 - bars of the shield frame; 2 - lining
Drawing 3 (sheet 2)
Note. The width of a double-leaf door with a middle rebate without a rebate strip is 12 mm less than indicated in Figures 1 and 2.
______________
* The document is not valid on the territory of the Russian Federation. GOST 5088-2005 is valid, hereinafter in the text. - Database manufacturer's note.
Drawing 3 (sheet 3)
1 - sealing gasket according to GOST 10174; 2 - facing fiberboard grade ST or T group A with a thickness of 3.2-5 mm according to GOST 4598 or waterproof plywood grade FK with a thickness of 4-6 mm according to GOST 3916.1 or GOST 3916.2
Drawing 3 (sheet 4)
Note. It is allowed to manufacture doors of type U with a width of frame bars of 74 mm for interior doors and doors of public buildings.
2.3. Door leaves of type U must be manufactured with a continuous filling of the panel with calibrated thickness wooden slats or chipboard, as well as using chipboard strips calibrated in width, laid on edge.
Examples of filling door panels are given in Appendix 2.
2.4. The vertical bars of the door leaf frame of type U must have a width of at least 90 mm. It is allowed to cut the bars along the length on both sides. The depth of the slots is 5-6 mm, width 3-4 mm.
It is allowed to use bars 45-60 mm wide, glued along the side surface.
The horizontal bars of the frame must have a width of at least 45 mm and are connected in the corners with the vertical bars using glue in a tenon or on dowels, staples, or paper clips.
2.5. Doors are lined with materials in accordance with GOST 475 in the part related to doors of normal moisture resistance.
2.6. Doors used to complete sanitary cabins may be manufactured with a leaf 30 mm thick and a height of at least 1800 mm, with a frame width of at least 50 mm.
2.7. Doors of types O and K are allowed to be manufactured frame design with a width of frame bars of at least 100 mm.
2.8. On the lower part of door leaves of type U for public buildings, at the request of the consumer, strips of decorative laminated paper with a thickness of 1.3-2.5 mm in accordance with GOST 9590 *, super-hard fiberboard with a thickness of 3.2-4 mm in accordance with GOST 4598, sheet aluminum are attached on both sides or painted sheet steel. The width of the pads is 220 mm.
________________
* The document is not valid on the territory of the Russian Federation (Order of Rostekhregulirovanie dated 04/06/2009 N 131-st). - Database manufacturer's note.
2.9. A box without a threshold is embroidered at the bottom mounting board with fastening with nails or tenon joints to the ends of vertical bars.
2.10. In doors of types O and K of public buildings, protective fences are installed on both sides, examples of which are given in Appendix 3.
2.11. Doors of type U and frameless doors of types G and O must be equipped with sealing gaskets in accordance with GOST 10174 or others that ensure the necessary tightness of the doorways.
2.12. The location of the devices is given in Appendix 4. Doors must be supplied with selected slots for lock bodies (latches) and holes for handles.
Door leaves for frameless doors must be supplied with the upper half-hinges installed, the lower half-hinges must be packaged and supplied as a set.
2.13. Installation options for frameless doors are given in Appendix 5.
Options for frames with polyvinyl chloride lining for doors of types G, O without a threshold are given in Appendix 6.
Schemes for determining left and right doors are given in Appendix 7.
The specification of glass for doors is given in Appendix 8.
2.14. The order for the supply of doors must indicate:
Number of doors by brand and designation of this standard;
Type and color of finishing;
Type and thickness of glass;
Specification of devices.
At the consumer's request, it is possible to supply door leaves without frames and frames without leaves.
APPENDIX 1 (for reference). DIMENSIONS OF DOOR OPENINGS IN WALLS
ANNEX 1
Information
Note. The dimensions of openings for frameless doors are set taking into account Appendix 5.
1. Shield with continuous filling wooden blocks(slats) or chipboard strips | 2. Panel with small-hollow filling with wooden blocks (slats) or strips of chipboard | 3. Panel with fine-hollow veneer filling | 4. Panel with fine-hollow filling made of plywood or hard fiberboard |
|||||||
1
- a spike, staple or paper clip; 2
- bars for installing a lock or handles; - clearance width, no more than 40 mm; |
||||||||||
Drawing 5 (sheet 1) |
||||||||||
5. Panel with fine-hollow filling made of soft fiberboard | 6. Panel with fine-hollow filling made of hard fiberboard (option) | 7. Shield with finely hollow paper honeycomb filling | 8. Panel with small hollow filling with wooden blocks (slats) |
|||||||
Drawing 5 (sheet 2) |
||||||||||
Notes: 2. For a canvas with a height of 2300 mm, the length of the bars for installing the lock and handles is 700 mm. Installation of bars - see example 3. |
||||||||||
1 - wooden planks
Note. The use of plastic, metal and wooden fencing different design.
1 - loops PN1-110, PN1-85, PN2-110, PN2-85, PN3-110, PN4; 2 - handles RS100, RS140, RK1, RK2, locks and latches; 3 - 3T valves; 4 - hinges PV1-100, PV2-125 or screw and overhead hinges manufactured according to special specifications; 5 - locks ZV7A, ZV4; 6 - loops PN1-130, PN1-150, PN2-130, PN3-130, PN3-150.
Notes:
1. Door devices must comply with GOST 5087, GOST 5088, GOST 5089 *, GOST 5090.
_______________
* The document is not valid on the territory of the Russian Federation. GOST 5089-2011 is valid. - Database manufacturer's note.
2. The types of devices for doors of public buildings must be assigned in building designs.
3. In swing doors, hinges PN9-130 are installed in accordance with GOST 5088.
APPENDIX 5 (for reference). BOXLESS DOOR HANGING
APPENDIX 5
Information
1 - wooden cork; 2 - steel plate; 3 - anchor; 4 - mortise hinge; 5 - screw hinge card with nut; 6 - sealing gasket according to GOST 10174
Drawing 8 (sheet 1)
1 - wooden cork; 2 - steel plate; 3 - anchor; 4 - overhead loop; 5 - sealing gasket according to GOST 10174; 6 - wooden threshold
Drawing 8 (sheet 2)
APPENDIX 6 (for reference). BOXES WITH POLYVINYL CHLORIDE LINING
APPENDIX 6
Information
Damn.9
Note. Vertical elements the boxes are connected to the horizontal ones using spikes and steel dowels or screws.
APPENDIX 7 (for reference). DIAGRAMS FOR DETERMINING LEFT AND RIGHT DOORS
APPENDIX 7
Information
APPENDIX 8 (for reference). SPECIFICATION OF DOOR GLASSES
APPENDIX 8
Information
Door brand | Size, mm | ||
Height | |||
DO21-13, DK21-13 | |||
DO24-15, DK24-15 | |||
DO24-19, DK24-19 | |||
The text of the document is verified according to:
official publication
Wooden parts and
wood products for construction.
Part 1. Windows and doors: Sat. GOST. -
M.: IPK Standards Publishing House, 2002
At major renovation or during construction, everything needs to be taken into account - even the width and height of the doors. The dimensions of the doorways, of course, can be arbitrary, but then you will always be forced to make doors to order. It’s easier to comply with the standards - less costs and problems. Standard sizes interior doors are prescribed in GOST. It may be old, but most of it is built according to them.
Standard door opening sizes
On the territory of the Russian Federation, there is also a standard from the times of the USSR, which describes the requirements and sizes of doorways and interior doors. There are quite a few technical specifications and DSTUs, but they have little relation to standards - each manufacturer writes them for himself. You can buy doors made according to technical specifications if their quality is high. But doorways should be made exactly of standard dimensions.
Why is it better to make them according to the standard? Because then there will be no problems with replacement. Almost all manufacturers make doors taking into account GOST. After all, high-rise buildings are built taking into account all the requirements (or should be built this way). If the opening has special dimensions, you will only have to order the doors. And this is a big expense, and there is no guarantee that you will like the finished product.
Dimensions according to GOST
So, even during major repairs or construction own home, during construction interior partitions in a new building - in any case, we install standard doorways. GOST provides the following parameters:
- Width:
- Single leaf 700 - 900 mm (in increments of 100 mm) and 1200 mm. It is recommended to install single-leaf doors in such doorways.
- For double-leaf doors (the standard uses the term double-leaf doors), openings with a width of 1300 mm, 1500 mm and 1900 mm are made.
- The standard height of the doorway can be only in two options: 2100 mm and 2300 mm. The minimum permissible height is 2071 mm and 2271 mm, respectively.
These are the dimensions of standard doorways. No others. As for permissible deviations, the doorway can be 20-25 mm narrower than the standard one. In this case, it will also be possible to install a standard door block. Only the installation gap will be smaller, which will not make the work easier. That is, the narrowest doorway can be 675 mm (instead of 700 mm). Using the same principle, you can calculate the permissible deviation relative to each standard width. It can be reduced slightly, but not more than 25 mm.
What to do if the actual dimensions do not meet the standard
What to do if a few millimeters are not enough to meet the standard? Depends on the material of the walls, as well as on the actual width of the passage. If the walls give in machining, you can remove a few missing millimeters. Hew, grind, chop down. An axe, a chisel, a chisel, a grinder with a disc for concrete/brick, etc. Usually a couple of protrusions or curvature in some area interferes. If you level it, you can get closer to the desired size.
If the walls are made of very durable material, the only option left to adjust the opening to the standard is to reduce it to the next standard value. There are two ways: lay it with bricks, pieces of building blocks, or plaster. The second option is to install a foundation beam (treated with an antiseptic and dried), which, again, is covered with plaster, aligned with the walls. In general, you get the idea: it is more practical to bring non-standard dimensions to the standard.
Convenient sizes of interior doors
It is easier to determine the height of doorways. Everything here is tied up at the height of the ceiling. And the choice is small - only two options - 2.1 m and 2.3 m. But what about the width? There are more opportunities here. In general, there are certain recommendations that relate to minimum sizes doors. Namely doors, and not openings under them. The opening should be 70-100 mm wider. So, the dimensions of interior doors must be no less than the specified width:
- In technical rooms (storage rooms, bathrooms, baths and toilets) the recommended width of the canvas is 600 mm.
- For kitchens the minimum is 700 mm.
- For living rooms recommended at least 800 mm.
Of course, you can increase the size of interior doors if the doorway allows. Reduce at your own discretion. But the narrowest door leaf that can be found on sale is 550 cm, and even then it is inconvenient for obese people. In the kitchen and room where it can stand gas equipment, the width of doorways is dictated and controlled by the fire safety service. So it won't be possible to do it anymore. Wider is possible.
As for residential premises, openings can be made in them and under double doors. That is, up to the maximum permitted in GOST 1.5 meters. There may be wider ones, but this is no longer standard. In a wide opening you can install not only conventional swing models, but also or. But large and wide doors look good indoors large area. So the recommended sizes of interior doors were chosen for a reason. They took into account the not too large rooms in our homes.
How to determine what width the door leaf should be installed
If the doors are simply being replaced, the easiest way is to measure the door that is already in place. You definitely can't go wrong. If you are installing doors for the first time, you need to measure the doorway and select an option that will require minimal effort during installation.
How to measure a doorway
To choose the correct size of a door or door block, you need to know the exact dimensions of the opening in which they will be installed. Measurements are carried out using a regular construction tape. We measure any parameter at least at two points. If the difference is visually visible, you can measure large quantity times, adjusting the position of the tape measure at your discretion.
The height of the doorway is measured at one and the other jamb, the width at the top and bottom, approximately at a distance of 30-50 cm from the floor and lintel. You can also take measurements in the middle of the height. You also need to measure the thickness of the opening (wall thickness). It must be checked at least at two points on each side.
We record all measurements. It is better to do this on a diagram of the doorway. If there are deviations, we look at how serious the situation is and whether it can be corrected. If the “narrowest” place corresponds to the smallest possible standard opening, you can leave everything as is. Otherwise, you will have to try to correct the situation. It is already described above how.
But size isn't everything. It is necessary to check whether there are any deviations in geometry. Side walls doorways should be vertical, and the lintel should be horizontal. You can check the correctness of the shape using a regular building level (bubble level), but it is more convenient and accurate using. Can side walls check with a regular plumb line. If the deviations are large, they need to be corrected. If their size is within a centimeter, it will be possible to compensate during installation using mounting plates and construction foam.
We select the sizes of interior doors and blocks
As already mentioned, the dimensions of interior doors are determined based on the dimensions of the existing opening. Doors are sold as a block assembled with a frame or just one leaf. It is more convenient to take the block - this speeds up installation. But it will be cheaper to buy the canvas separately and assemble the box. Here you choose either to pay less, but spend time and put in extra effort, or save time, but spend more money.
If you decide to buy a door block, make sure that its width (according to the outer dimensions of the door frame) is slightly less than the width of the opening. The minimum installation gap is 10-15 mm, optimal is 25-35 mm.
When purchasing only a door leaf, it is assumed that it should be 80-100 mm narrower than the opening. You will also need to add two jambs, and this is at least twice 25 mm each, plus an installation gap of 10-15 mm, plus a gap on the sides of the door leaf - 5 mm. Total we get: 25*2 + 15 + 5 = 70 mm. This is the minimum value that must be added to the width of the door. The resulting figure should be equal to or less than the width of the doorway in which it will be installed.
Entrance door sizes
The dimensions of entrance door openings are also standardized. They are described in GOST 6629-88. If you want to install standard products, make openings according to the recommendations. If you are building your own house, it is better not to install entrance doors smaller than the minimum width. And it’s not just the difficulty of finding suitable canvas dimensions. The fact is that there is a very high probability that the fire or gas department will force you to redo it.
Companies have their own standards for technical specifications
So, standard sizes of entrance doors can be:
- web width
- for single doors - 900 mm, 1100 mm;
- for double doors - 1400 mm (700 mm + 700 mm); 1800 mm (900 mm +900 mm).
- canvas height - 2300 mm.
If we talk about what is available for sale, then there are any doors. Moreover, you can order - iron or wooden any thickness. But again, this is non-standard. Although, the entrance ones are changed much less often than the interior ones.
A few words about what the doorway for the entrance doors should be like. According to the same standard, it should be 70 mm wider than the door leaf for single-leaf doors and 72 mm wider for double-leaf doors. These are the minimum values. A wider opening is possible, but a smaller one is not. The height of the doorway for installing the entrance door should be 71 mm larger. That is, under front door with a canvas width of 900 mm, you need an opening of at least 970 * 2371 mm. Same with the others.
In order to bring the production of interior elements to a single standard, standard sizes of interior doors were introduced and approved at the state level. This greatly simplifies the selection of products if they need to be replaced. It is enough to correctly measure the parameters of a typical opening and buy a suitable model.
If with products domestic production If no problems arise, then when purchasing an imported interior door, a difficult situation may arise, since in foreign countries there is a different standard. In addition, when purchasing alternative types of doors (double doors, sliding doors, hidden doors), you need to know some of their design features.
State standards
There are certain approved state standards (GOST), according to which domestic producers manufacture interior interior elements. These are GOST 6629-88, as well as SNiPs 21-7, 21-8, 21-9, 21-10, 21-13. For ease of review, this data is summarized in a table that displays the most common standards:
If the choice falls on a product of imported origin, then the dimensions of the interior door can be checked for compliance with European standards DIN 18100-18102, as well as DIN4172, which indicate the clear dimensions of the opening:
These dimensions must be taken into account if you are planning to order, for example, an Italian door. Most likely, imported models will have non-standard dimensions, which should be taken into account when laying out doorways during construction planning or major repairs.
For doorways with a height exceeding 2000-2040 mm, our own standards have been developed, indicated in the table below.
In developing state standards the needs of the main segment of the population living in standard buildings are taken into account. In choosing standard models of one size or another, it also plays an important role. functional purpose. In other words, the place in the apartment where this product will be located is important. In accordance with this requirement, the dimensions of the canvas, design features, and equipment with special fittings are selected.
The nuances of correct opening measurement
In some cases, it becomes necessary to independently measure the parameters to purchase an interior door. This happens if the house or apartment is located at a great distance from the manufacturing company, in another city or in another state. Self-measurement is also carried out in cases where there is no time to wait for a surveyor’s visit or it is more convenient for the customer to take the dimensions on their own. Regardless of the reason, this event must be carried out as accurately as possible so that the selected model fits perfectly into the existing opening without the need to adjust it. This means that the height, width and thickness of the interior door leaf should be as close as possible to the corresponding parameters of the opening. To carry out correct measurements, you should focus on the following rules.
Determining the width of the opening.
To do this, measure the distance between the walls at the narrowest point of the opening. If the wall becomes narrower closer to the door, then you need to measure in this part. In the case of a uniform wall width without narrowing, the location where the width is measured is not of fundamental importance. If the old door has not yet been dismantled, then the measured distance from the middle of one platband to the middle of the opposite platband is the width of the interior doors.
Determining the height of the opening.
To determine the indicator of this dimension, it is necessary to measure the distance from the point of the finished floor to the lowest point of the upper part of the opening. If the doorway narrows closer to the hinges, then the measurement should be taken in this area. If the height of the opening is uniform, then the location of the measurement is not critical. The easiest way is to take measurements using the old door, if it has not yet been dismantled. In this case, the height of the interior doors will be equal to the distance from the middle of the upper trim to the zero point of the finished floor.
Determining the depth of the opening.
To do this, you will need to measure the thickness of the wall in which the doorway is located. This will be the depth of the opening. The measurement should be made in three sections: in the upper, middle and lower on both walls. This meticulous event is necessary in order to identify the widest place in the wall. If the old door has not been dismantled, then it is necessary to measure the dimensions of the frame and the wall (thickness), if it protrudes beyond the frame. To correctly measure the three key dimensions, it is best to use the services of a professional. Possessing a body of knowledge, the installation specialist will take perfect measurements and give practical recommendations on choosing a standard or non-standard interior door. We remind you that when ordering doors from the Porta prima company, a visit from a specialist to measure dimensions and consultation on the choice of door leaf is absolutely free.
Formulas for measuring door leaves
Often a situation arises where you need to make a doorway, but the choice of door leaf model has not yet been made. In this case, to measure the parameters of the opening, the following points must be taken into account:
- dimensions of the door leaf (width, height, thickness);
- box dimensions (thickness, width);
- indicator of the width of the platbands.
For greater clarity, an example of calculating the dimensions of a doorway will be given.
Let’s assume that a standard size door leaf will be used for installation, having the following dimensions:
- Airborne – door leaf height – 2000 mm;
- Шдв – standard width of an interior door – 70 0 mm.
With these parameters interior product a box will be installed, the thickness of which (Tk) will be 30 mm. Magnitude installation gap(Mz) will be equal to 10 mm, and the value of the door block (Bd) will be equal to 20 mm. With these standard values, the threshold height (Vp) will be 20 mm.
Formula for calculating the opening width of a future door:
W of the opening = Wdv + 2×Tk + Mz +2×Bd = 700 + 2×30 + 10 + 2×20 = 810 mm.
The height of the opening is calculated using the following expression:
Opening = Vdv + Vp + 2× Tk = 2000 + 20 + 2×30 = 2080 mm.
Therefore, for an interior door leaf with dimensions of 2000 × 700 mm, it will be necessary to make a doorway 2080 × 810 mm.
The door frame is manufactured according to the standard opening depth of 7.5 mm. If the thickness of the interior door leaf does not correspond to this indicator, you must either order the frame according to custom sizes, or use additions in the design. Therefore, it is recommended to make calculations in advance.
How to calculate whether a door will fit into an opening?
A common situation is when a standard door is selected to fit an existing opening. Usually a good clue to choose is the labeling door products, which indicates the main dimensions.
At this stage, doubts may arise whether the product is suitable and whether additional difficulties will arise in its installation.
To dispel doubts, you need to reason as follows:
- Let's say we have a doorway of 900 × 2040 mm, which corresponds to the standard.
- We calculate the width: we add the standard width of the canvas 800 mm with the thickness of the box (on both sides) and construction intervals of 15 mm. Please note that there is an interval to the left and right of the door, so you need to multiply it by two. When calculating, we get 880 mm.
- We calculate the height using a similar scheme. The leaf height of 2000 mm is added to the box thickness of 25 mm and the upper installation distance of 15 mm. We get the value 2040 mm.
Therefore, an interior door with a standard size of 800 × 2000 mm will ideally fit into a typical opening with dimensions of 900 × 2040 mm. This once again proves the need to create state standards in the construction industry. You can safely buy a standard product without worrying about whether it will fit.
What to do if the door is selected incorrectly?
However, there are situations when the purchased canvas with the box was chosen inaccurately. When a purchase cannot be returned objective reason, you can use some construction tricks:
- when only a few millimeters are missing in the width or height of the doorway, you can carefully cut a wider hole in the wall;
- if the box is narrower than the wall thickness, it is recommended to use an extension that will cover the prominent area of the wall thickness;
- if the thickness of the box is much narrower than the dimensions of the doorway, then along the perimeter of the box (except for the bottom) they form an even slope;
- If the above methods are not acceptable, it is recommended to order doors according to individual non-standard parameters.
At Porta prima you can buy high-quality standard interior doors or order individual design according to your project. A wide range, convenient service and unsurpassed high consumer characteristics of our factory’s products have been appreciated by thousands of Muscovites. Prices are reasonable and consistent high quality interior doors.
