In a remote area of the house, they almost always mention digging a well or an ordinary well.
Indeed, sand wells or wells are the simplest and most reliable ways to obtain water on the site. They are durable, functional and quite comfortable. However, the labor intensity during their installation or maintenance cannot be ignored either.
Meanwhile, there is another way - drilling an Abyssinian well. Moreover, you can do this process entirely with your own hands.
1 Technology for creating an Abyssinian well
The Abyssinian well was invented during the colonization of Africa. Then the English troops were able to push back the natives precisely thanks to this wonderful invention. After all, to drill such a well it is enough to have metal pipes and make a primitive driving drill.
Everything else is collected during the work process. And the process itself is done entirely with your own hands and in a fairly short period of time.
If we take into account reviews from users of Abyssinian wells, then creating such a source takes from 3 to 10 hours, depending on the type of soil, characteristics of the aquifer, etc.
By her own Abyssinian well- This is a small-sized source of water that extracts it from the upper soil layers. To equip an Abyssinian well or well, as it is popularly called, you need to make sure that your aquifers are at a depth of up to 8 meters.
If they are located deeper, then you can also start working, but you most likely will not be able to do it without special equipment.
For work, improvised tools are used. You don't need direct access to water or anything like that. This is the peculiarity of Abyssinian wells. They are very mobile and autonomous.
You just need to score on purpose assembled pipes into the ground to a depth of 8-10 meters. Pipes are assembled in sections using threaded fittings. The lowest section of the pipe will be a special filter section with a needle.
The needle is the cone-shaped tip on the pipe. It is very durable and is intended directly for driving the body of the well into the ground. Since in upper layers If the soil mainly contains sand and other soft rocks, then you should not have any problems with clogging.
After the needle there is a filter pipe. This is a piece of pipe 1-1.5 m long, in which many holes are cut. As a rule, one hole is made on each side of the pipe in increments of 3-4 cm.
The pipe is wrapped with wire and mesh, creating a special filter. It’s quite possible to make a filter with your own hands and in just a few tens of minutes.
The operating principle of Abyssinian wells is very simple. A riser clogged to the required level reaches the aquifer layers of sand. They are usually located at a level of 6-8 meters underground.
Which means that the aquifer will flow directly onto the filter. Since sand conducts water well, within a few minutes the pipe will begin to fill with it.
When liquid appears in the well, work can be stopped and started. In most cases, after thoroughly flushing the pipes, all that remains is to wait for a day until the water clears itself and the well begins to produce clean water.
At this time, you can make a special pump or concrete the area around the well exit. Then all that remains is to attach the pumping mechanism and use this miracle of technology for your pleasure.
1.1 What are the advantages of Abyssinian wells?
As you already understand, Abyssinian wells have many advantages over more traditional sources. It is very difficult to list them all, but the main ones should still be noted.
Let's consider the main pros and cons of such sources.
Main advantages:
- You can make a well with your own hands;
- The work takes a little time;
- There is no strict need to use special tools;
- Practicality;
- Mobility;
- Ability to work in any conditions;
- Good debit;
- No problems with liquid overflow, silting, etc.;
- Easy to maintain;
- Takes up little space.
As we can see, it’s not for nothing that these wells are so popular in our area. They are very easy to assemble. You can make all the tools and drill the hole yourself. And the work will take less than a day.
If you suddenly stumble upon a large cobblestone or layer of pebbles, it’s not a problem. After all, at any moment you can take out the needle and try your luck somewhere else.
When finished, the Abyssinian well takes up very little space. At the same time, you can connect either a regular pump or any pump to it. Moreover surface pumps they will also be useful here, since the depth of the aquifer will rarely be below 8 meters.
Main disadvantages:
Abyssinian wells have much fewer disadvantages, but they still exist. However, those who do not understand the very purpose of the work being performed consider them to be disadvantages. Of course, such a well is unlikely to cope with the water supply of a large family and their domestic needs, but this is not required of it.
It is worth understanding that the Abyssinian well is rather an auxiliary element of the water supply system. It will provide you with drinking and domestic water in sufficient quantities. But it is not intended to fully supply large facilities.
Andrey, 38 years old, Kostroma:
At one time I became very interested in this technology. I needed to make a water supply for the dacha and with minimal costs. I was captivated by the opportunity to complete the work with my own hands. I did everything according to technology and finished it with my friend in 11 hours. I am completely satisfied with the result.
Valentin, 27 years old, Altai:
I have two Abyssinian wells on my property. And I scored both with my own hands. Very useful thing, I'll tell you. With minimal labor costs, it produces a decent flow rate, high-quality water, and practically does not require maintenance. An ideal choice for country water supply.
Konstantin, 58 years old, Astrakhan:
A couple of years ago I ordered such a well from the guys. I listened to reviews from neighbors and realized that I needed it. The workers at my site had to work hard because the soil is not uniform. Twice we came across a large boulder. The second time they even bent the pipe. Fortunately, you can make a new one with your own hands and in just a couple of tens of minutes. Therefore, they completed the work before dark. The well has never let me down since then.
2 Selection of pipes for a well and installation stages
Before you begin the actual work, you need to select the pipes that will make up the body of the driving needle. It is worth understanding that this needle remains in the hole constantly and performs the functions of a casing structure. Therefore, it must not only be durable and reliable, but also suitable for constant contact with liquid.
From modern pipes Most often they use good old metal and polymers. The metal can be galvanized; it resists corrosion better and withstands the influence of microorganisms well. However, over time, it will still lose its properties.
Plus, the metal is very durable and it is extremely difficult to damage such a pipe. Needle tips are almost always made of metal.
From polymer materials Reinforced thick-walled polypropylene and polyethylene are best suited for pipes low pressure. Both materials are quite durable and also have excellent anti-corrosion characteristics.
As for the specific parameters of the pipe, inch samples are used in the work. Wall thickness metal products it could be anyone, but plastic pipes only thick-walled ones with a thickness of 5 mm or more are used.
As you already understood, the lower section of the pipe will be a filter section. It is processed with a drill, then wrapped with wire. Next comes a membrane, mesh filter or something similar. Then the whole thing is once again tightly tied with wire.
The pipe itself is connected using threaded fittings. It is also possible to use welding, but this adds certain inconveniences. The quality of the connections, of course, will be very high, but you won’t be cutting pipes every time something goes wrong.
Now let’s look directly at the working algorithm by which Abyssinian wells are installed.
2.1 How to drill an Abyssinian well with improvised tools? (video)
At the dacha, in a private house or country cottage, in areas where it is not possible to connect to the central water supply, and simply in order to gain independence and obtain water in the right quantity Usually a well is dug or a borehole drilled.
There are many ways to obtain water, one of which is drilling an Abyssinian well (AW), which is often called an igloo well. The well is drilled to the level of aquiferous sand and water is supplied from there.
What is an Abyssinian well
The emergence of the Abyssinian well has a controversial history; according to one version, such water sources were used by the British during the colonial conquests in North America, namely in Abyssinia (where the name comes from), now it is Ethiopia.
Like any other successful invention, the Abyssinian well became widespread throughout the world. According to another version, an American (Norton) invented a well of this design in the 19th century.
Abyssinian well known by different names, for example, Abyssinian water well, needle well, Abyssinian tube well, sand well, driven well.
An Abyssinian well is considered to be a well drilled using a special method. It is a pipe of small diameter (an inch and a half) 10-20 meters long, driven into the ground. The water is raised using a vacuum method, using a manual or electric pump.
Drinking water from the Abyssinian well is obtained from surface aquifers filled with precipitation, the mineral composition of which is favorable for the human body (little manganese, iron salts, etc.).
Passing through soil and sand, the water is filtered from harmful impurities. It is believed that water from an Abyssinian well is better than from a deep well.
Abyssinian well - advantages and disadvantages
Based on experience of use and numerous reviews, we can highlight the pros and cons of extracting water from the Abyssinian Igla well.
Advantages:
- speed of work. The first water can be obtained within 6-7 hours (the speed is influenced by the type of soil and the depth of the aquifer);
- cheapness. The Abyssinian well is the most economical way water production in terms of installation and operation;
- long service period. An Abyssinian well can function for up to 30 years. The period is influenced by factors such as chemical composition water and sand fractions that can clog the filter (which can be replaced and extend the service life for another 10-15 years);
- the ability to drill a well almost anywhere on the site, in the basement, in the garage, in the barbecue area, in the gazebo, on the veranda, etc.;
- hygiene. The well is protected from external debris;
- all-season use;
- high performance. Up to 3 cubic meters per hour.
Flaws:
- using an electric pump increases the cost of obtaining water. As a consequence, the need for mandatory electrification of the site;
- using a mechanical pump (column) will reduce the water flow rate and require some effort;
- impossibility of plugging an Abyssinian well in some areas.
Geological prerequisites for constructing an Abyssinian well
Unfortunately, not everyone has access to an AK. The engineering and geological conditions for the construction of an Abyssinian well depend on a number of reasons:
- The soil. The Abyssinian well only works in coarse sand or bedrock.
- Location. AK cannot be located near sources of pollution, such as a bathhouse, compost, barnyard, etc. It is also not recommended to dig AK near water - a stream or pond.
How to find a place for a well
Determining a place for an Abyssinian well is practically no different from searching for the construction of any other well. As a rule, indirect signs, the use of a copper frame and a banal survey of neighbors are taken into account.
All methods are good, the main thing is the result. Choosing a location is an important task, because... a mistake eliminates all labor costs and the long-awaited water simply won’t be available.
It depends on the water level whether you will need to use a pump or perhaps only manual speakers. The calculation is as follows: if the water level is below 8 meters, then the water will have to be pumped manually, if up to this limit, then with an electric pump.
Abyssinian well kit
To carry out the work you will need equipment for drilling an Abyssinian well:
- Abyssinian well needle (steel needle, cone or point). You can make a tip with your own hands using lathe. For ease of drilling (driving), the diameter of the needle should exceed the diameter of the pipes by 10-30 mm. Tip length 200-300 mm. The needle can be screwed onto a thread or soldered to a pipe. If you use the welding method, then you need to choose tin as the solder, because... Lead compounds are dangerous (can cause water poisoning).
- Sections (main or pipeline). Water will be supplied through it. It is made simply - individual pipes with a diameter of 1 inch are connected to each other using couplings. In this case, couplings should only be made of steel. Cast iron ones burst when driven. And to avoid water leakage, use rubber seals or plumbing linen and oil paint. As a rule, the length of the main line rarely exceeds 15 m. But in some areas there are wells driven to a depth of up to 40 m.
- Pump for the Abyssinian well - manual or electric. Installed at the top of the highway.
- Concrete rings.
All the described elements can be made independently or you can buy a kit for an Abyssinian well, made in an industrial environment.
Abyssinian well - DIY device technology
- The drilling location is determined;
- Soil is being excavated at the site of the future AK. It is enough to remove 1 cubic meter, this will make the work easier. Although, many users advise drilling a well without excavation, immediately punching a small well with a diameter of 80-100 mm. If you plan to use the AK all-season, you need to dig a hole with a depth below the freezing level of the soil. Then the equipment for the Abyssinian well will not freeze in winter. But the water from the pump will still have to be drained, otherwise it will be deformed from the thermal expansion of the water;
- The line is clogged into the soil. To do this, you need to drill a hole; there are several ways to hammer a pipe for a well:
- By using a socket headstock. Here the operating principle is more than simple. Force is applied to the top of the headstock. The impulse from it is transmitted to the pipe. Thus, the tip for the well is driven into the ground. To avoid breaking the pipe thread, you can screw a plug onto it. And fix the grandmother on it.
- By screwing the tip into the soil. This method is the most labor-intensive and is therefore rarely used. Only if you need to drill to a shallow depth;
How to make a rig for drilling an Abyssinian well with your own hands
It was mentioned above that a well can be driven or drilled, it is difficult to say which method is better, it all depends on the soil, location and capabilities. If specialized equipment If you don’t have a well to drill, and you don’t want to hire a crew, you can build a drilling rig yourself - a driving machine.
Let's see how it's done homemade installation well drilling needle
The result will be a drilling rig as in the photo
Two corners 2.5-2.7 m long are welded at an angle with a base length of 110-130 cm. We make 2 such parts. At the top point you need to provide a place for attaching a block for hanging the headstock.
You can use timber or sleepers as a base (platform). The structure is installed and fixed so that the installation does not move during operation.
We hang a headstock weighing 30-40 kg on the block. The internal channel of the headstock must be of sufficient length, preferably 60 cm. If it is shorter, the headstock may fly off the trunk, plus the impact force is reduced (small amplitude). The presence of handles on the headstock will allow you to help with your hands at certain moments when hammering (in especially hard soil layers, one person lifts the headstock by pulling the rope, and the second, holding the handles, accelerates its downward movement).
We make the pipeline for driving the well from sections (pipes) one and a half meters long (there should be 6-8 such sections, depending on the depth of the aquifer, the estimated location of which is determined in advance - we find out from the neighbors, we check with a copper frame), plus one for reserve.
Sections can be made from stainless pipe(expensive) or black steel seamless pipe(available). You should not use galvanized pipe, it is softer.
The sections are connected using couplings (steel only, cast iron is brittle). The main thing here is to correctly make the thread of the coupling, which should remain outside half a turn or a turn. During the driving process, the impact must be on the end of the pipe, and in no case on the thread, otherwise it will not be possible to screw on the next section.
The cone (tip, needle) must be made of durable steel. There are several ways to construct a wedge: round form It is turned on a lathe, but many advise making it faceted. They are also made from a corner in the form of a tetrahedron. The main thing is that the spear-shaped tip is larger in diameter than the pipe itself.
We insert the filter pipe into the initially drilled hole (made with a hand drill). When hammering in the first section, make sure that it is strictly vertical relative to the ground level. We thoroughly compact the excavated soil.
We put the headstock on the centered barrel (pipe), the principle of driving is simple - we pull the rope, the end of which is tied to the headstock, sharply release it, impact force hammers the trunk into the ground with the headstock.
On the clogged section, screw on the coupling and the next section. Since the layers of soil may differ in their composition (clay, sand), it is natural that the speed of penetration will also vary, so do not be alarmed if it goes quickly in one place and is slow in another.
Before installing the last section, where in theory there should be water, fill the planted pipe with water. In the process, i.e. To soften the flow, you can fill it from a bucket with a watering can, and to check it, it must be under pressure. To do this, you need to connect an electric self-priming pump.
It should be understood that washing the mesh (needle filter) under pressure is an important step. During the drilling process, the pipe passes through different layers, and the filter mesh becomes clogged with rock, soil and clay, so when it reaches the aquifer, water may simply not penetrate into the pipe. If you supply water under pressure and it does not return like a fountain, then the goal has been achieved - you are in the sand. We pour water from a watering can into the pipe - it goes away, which means everything was done correctly.
All that remains is to make a tie around the pipe, connect the pump and pump water.
Conclusion
It is clear from the article that the technology for constructing an Abyssinian well is not particularly difficult. All materials, tools and equipment necessary for its full functioning are quite accessible and not expensive. Thus, after spending just one day on drilling, you gain complete independence from the central water supply for a long time.
Extracting water from a private plot is not the easiest or cheapest task. However, if you do not have a large budget, but still want to have your own source of water supply, powered by a pump, then your option is an igloo well.
A source of this type was discovered back in the 19th century by an American named Norton. Later, his technology found wide application in African countries, namely in Ethiopia (formerly Abyssinia). Hence the synonymous names for such a well - Abyssinian well, Abyssinian well. All this is a needle well.
Unlike wells of large diameter and depth, the drilling of which takes a lot of effort, time and money using complex equipment, a source of this type can be equipped independently with minimal labor costs. The main components of the Abyssinian well are:
- Steel pipe with a sharp tip made of hardened alloy;
- Filter system;
- Required amount connecting elements(couplings);
- Water intake valve;
- Application (manual or automatic);
- Rubber rings.
Important: the pump in this system is mandatory, since the flow rate of the well, although it allows you to receive a sufficient amount of water, is a little difficult to lift it through such a small diameter of the casing pipe.
It is quite easy to equip water supply using an Abyssinian well. Here you can either limit yourself to primitive driving steel pipe with a tip in the ground. Moreover, in this case it is necessary to constantly sharpen the meters of pipe using threaded connection. As a rule, a needle-type well goes to a depth of only 10-12 m. That is, water is taken from the first sandy aquifer for the well. And you can use hand drill to develop a well and only after that install it into it as a casing pipe steel structure with tip.
Important: the diameter of the Abyssinian well is only 2.5-3 cm. Therefore, the risk of getting water with soil impurities is negligible.
Advantages of the needle well
The needle-type well has many advantages compared to standard water sources or artesian ones. The main ones:
- High speed of creating your own source on the site;
- Minimum costs for well development;
- The ability to place a needle source directly in the basement of a house or near a building in the immediate vicinity;
- High well flow rate (on average, an igloo type source can produce up to 50 liters of water per minute;
- Long service life (up to 50 years);
- Easy to maintain and clean;
- Minimum costs for creating an Abyssinian well.
The needle-type well has its disadvantages
Before constructing an Abyssinian well, take into account its disadvantages. Because these important points can ruin all your efforts.
So, first of all, it’s worth considering that if the geological conditions of your site are not sufficiently suitable for the idea of an Abyssinian well, then you will fail. A discrepancy is considered to be too large and dense layers of clay and loam with a small amount of sand inclusions in the soil layers. Such layers make it difficult to obtain water. Therefore, before constructing a needle well, it is necessary to do geological exploration.
It is also necessary to pay attention to the filtration capacity of the aquifer. If the breed does not cope well with its task, then there may be excess chemical inclusions in the water. Although, with due care and professional approach, this problem can be solved by perforating the pipe for the well and wrapping it in a fine mesh.
Pump equipment
To lift water from a needle-type well, two types of pump can be used:
- Manual installation;
- Automatic pump.
In the first case, the unit will be relevant if you plan to use water only periodically (watering garden crops or caring for the site). An automatic pump will be especially relevant if you want to equip your own water supply for the entire house all year round. In addition, a self-priming pump will allow you to avoid noise when operating the well.
What to consider when arranging an Abyssinian spring?
Before you begin creating your own needle well, you need to thoroughly test the capabilities of your soil. To do this, you need to know at what depth the aquifers lie. You can ask your neighbors about the depth of their wells and the water level in them. So, if it turns out that the aquifer lies no deeper than 12-13 m, and the water surface is at a level of 7-8 meters deep, then you can safely install your own needle source.
Please note that the quality of water directly depends on the proximity of objects unfavorable to the source: neighboring septic tanks, industrial enterprises or livestock farms, as well as landfills. If there are any nearby, then there is a high risk of reaching an aquifer that is susceptible to chemical contamination. In this case, you will have to think through a complex and powerful cleaning system. As a reconnaissance measure, you can take water from your neighbor’s well for analysis and carefully study it.
Methods for drilling a needle source
To create your own needle-type well, you can use several methods:
- Plugging a pipe with a headstock. But before working on the pipe head, it is recommended to screw a special nozzle onto it.
- Clogging the pipe with a rod.
- Auger drilling. This method is considered the most convenient, since a garden drill or auger easily and productively opens up soil layers, precisely reaching the desired depth.
Important: when working using the auger drilling method, the finished wellbore in the filtration zone can be filled with fine crushed stone. This will serve as an additional water purification system.
Needle well (Abyssinian well) in last years became quite popular. Its construction is cheaper than digging a well. Water is lifted from the needle well using surface electric pumps or special hand-held “rockers”. Therefore, many owners summer cottages consider an igloo well or an Abyssinian well as good decision For autonomous water supply. In this article we want to analyze the issue of needle well reliability from the point of view of durability and maintainability.
What should be understood by the durability of the Abyssinian well?
First and foremost when considering the issue of durability we're talking about about how long a well needle can provide water at a dacha. To answer this question, you need to understand how water appears at depths of up to 8 meters, at which Abyssinian wells are placed.
What should be understood by the maintainability of a needle well?
The needle well consists of two main elements. First of all, this is the well itself, into which a pipe with a filter section is installed. Secondly, it is a device used to lift water to the surface. Thus, the maintainability of the needle well should be understood as the maintainability of both of these components.
Well needle - aspects of durability
The water supplies that can be accessed using a needle well can be of different types.
First of all, at depths of up to 8 meters, reserves of perched water can be found. High water is water that has fallen underground from the surface (rain, melted snow) and lingered on local “clay lenses.” If the well needle is placed on the “high water”, its durability depends on two factors:
- Water reserves on the lens;
- Dynamics of water replenishment.
It is practically impossible to make a forecast for each of these factors. The lens can be local (at the level of 1 - 2 plots of land), or it can occupy a larger space. Precipitation forecasts, even from the Hydrometeorological Center, do not always coincide with reality. The practice of the last 10–15 years shows that precipitation volumes tend to decrease. On the territory of the Vladimir region, this trend leads to the fact that in some areas wells and other water supply sources placed at shallow depths are drying up.
The second type of water that can occur at depths of up to 8 meters is groundwater. When exploiting this type of water using a needle well, the longevity of the well becomes more predictable. The groundwater level in a particular area has been stable for 10 years. True, you need to take into account the “good neighbor” factor. The fact is that if any of the neighbors decides to conduct drainage works, it can drain groundwater using a drainage well to a deeper level. In this case, the well needle will stop working.
About the maintainability of the needle well
From the point of view of the maintainability of the well, the needles are convenient in their pumping part. Since the needle well pump is located on the surface, it can be easily accessed for inspection and repair.
But if problems arise in the well itself, then certain difficulties arise with repairs. If silt deposits form in the well, clean it using available funds problematic. If the filter on a well is destroyed, there is almost no way to repair it.
What do we mean by a well with a needle?
An igloo well is an autonomous source of water supply in which groundwater is extracted using surface self-priming devices. Either can be used as devices for lifting water. self-priming pumps or handheld devices.
An Abyssinian well is an artesian well consisting of a narrow pipe with a diameter of 25 to 45 mm. The lift is carried out by a pump from the aquifer and in an hour you can get 2 or 3 m 3 of water. This great way organize irrigation for suburban area, which does not have a central water supply. If you lack productivity, you can build two sources. While liquid is being collected in the first, the second is being used. Moreover, the wells are so compact that they are installed even in outbuildings or basements.
The water in such a well contains practically no bacteria and harmful salts, since it is filtered through soil and sand. If you provide protection from the ingress of dirt from above, and equip the bottom of the pipe with a filter to remove sand grains, then the water, as a rule, corresponds to drinking water and will not require additional purification.
Conditions
You can dig a well on light sandy or finely gravelly soils with a depth of water in the ground of at least 20 m. Optimal distance– 5–8 m. This is due to the driving method. On harder or clayey rocks, as well as when aquifers are very deep, it is simply not possible to drive a pipe.
Another problem when constructing a well is the sufficient piezometric water level, that is, the distance from the surface of the earth to the water surface. Well pipe diameter is too small for installation submersible pump. Therefore, for lifting it is necessary to use a surface vacuum apparatus. Under normal conditions atmospheric pressure 746 mmHg Art. According to calculations, the height of the water column will be 10.5 m, but in fact it will be about 8 m. If the distance is greater, then no pump will be able to lift it. Even increasing its power will not help.
Plastic reinforced or metal galvanized pipes 1 or 2 m long are well suited for drilling. As they are immersed, they are extended by screwing in new sections. Tightness is very important for the operation of the well, so connections are sealed with silicone or oil paint. Special couplings are placed on top.
To prevent the end of a narrow pipe from becoming clogged with earth during drilling and from silting when collecting liquid, a special tip or filter needle is put on it. It is better to choose the same material for the tube and tip, this will avoid electrochemical corrosion and extend the service life.
If the filter needle is made from a piece of galvanized steel, then holes about 8 mm in size are drilled in the body evenly in a checkerboard pattern. The end is covered with a soldered mesh made of of stainless steel. It will act as a coarse filter to remove sand and silt. A fine filter must also be installed inside. Finally, a pointed tip slightly larger than the cross-section of the pipe is welded. Then the drill will move easily through the soil.
Lead should not be used for solder - it is poisonous and can poison water. Take only pure tin.
Reinforced PVC pipe also suitable for installation in a well. A filter needle is made from it in the same way:
- the wall is perforated with a hacksaw;
- the filter mesh is inserted inside the housing and fused into it.
Creation technology
Drilling an Abyssinian well has its own distinctive features:
- A hole measuring approximately 1 cubic meter is dug at the location of the future well.
- The top layer of soil is pierced with a conventional drill to a shallow depth until the soil level, saturated with moisture, is reached - quicksand.
- Then they begin to drive the pipe into the ground. To do this, you need a “hammering woman” - a load weighing at least 30 kg. You can use discs from a barbell. Be careful not to overshoot the aquifer level.
- When working, water is constantly added to the pipe. When she starts to leave abruptly - desired layer achieved. Then the structure must be deepened another half meter or meter. Make sure that the pile remains vertical at all times.
- As the pipe is immersed in the soil, the pipe is extended with nozzles, and earth is poured around it and compacted.
- After drilling is completed, the filter needle is washed under high pressure.
- Mounted Vacuum pump, which works by creating a vacuum, and the cloudy suspension is pumped out until the liquid becomes clear.
- To create an additional filtration circuit, marble chips are poured into the well.
- The area around the source is concreted to prevent contamination from getting inside.
All operations are performed quite simply, in a few hours. The typical service life of an Abyssinian well is from 25 to 30 years. But there are wells that have been operating for over two centuries. The installation does not require maintenance, except for replacing the fine filter every few years.
If the water still runs out, the pipe can be removed, moved and a source made in another area. Such a well will not need a lot of space; 1.5–2 m2 is enough.
Video
