BUILDING REGULATIONS
CARRIERS
AND FENCES
CONSTRUCTIONS
SNiP 3.03.01-87
OFFICIAL PUBLICATION
STATE CONSTRUCTION
USSR COMMITTEE
DEVELOPED BY TsNIIOMTP Gosstroy USSR (Doctor of Technical Sciences) V. D. Topchiy; candidates of technical sciences Sh. L. Machabeli, R. A. Kagramanov, B. V. Zhadanovsky, Yu. B. Chirkov, V. V. Shishkin, N. I. Evdokimov, V. P. Kolodiy, L. N. Karnaukhova, I. I. Sharov; Dr. Tech. sciences K. I. Bashlay; A. G. Prozorovsky) ; Research Institute for Reinforced Concrete Construction of the USSR State Construction Committee (Doctor of Technical Sciences) B. A. Krylov; candidates of technical sciences ABOUT. S. Ivanova, E. N. Mapinsky, R. K. Zhitkevich, B. P. Goryachev, A. V. Lagoida, N. K. Rosenthal, N. f. Shesterkina. A. M. Friedman; Dr. Tech. sciences V.V. Zhukov); VNIPIPromstalkonstruktsiya Ministry of Montazhspetsstroy USSR ( B. J. Moizhes, B. B. Rubanovich) , TsNIISK them. Kucherenko of the USSR State Construction Committee (Doctor of Technical Sciences) L . M. Kovalchuk; candidates of technical sciences V. A. Kameiko, I. P. Preobrazhenskaya; L. M. Lomova) ; TsNIIProektstalkonstruktsii Gosstroy USSR ( B. N. Malinin; Ph.D. tech. sciences V. G. Kravchenko) ; VNIIMontazhspetsstroy Ministry of Montazhspetsstroy USSR (G. A. Ritchik); TsNIIEP housing of the State Committee for Architecture (S. B. Vilensky) with the participation of the Donetsk Industrial Construction Project, the Krasnoyarsk Industrial Construction Project of the USSR State Construction Committee; Gorky Civil Engineering Institute named after. Chkalov of the USSR State Committee for Public Education; VNIIG named after. Vedeneev and Orgenergostroy of the USSR Ministry of Energy; TsNIIS Ministry of Transport of the USSR; Aeroproject Institute of the USSR Ministry of Civil Aviation; NIIMosstroy of the Moscow City Executive Committee.
INTRODUCED BY TsNIIOMTP Gosstroy USSR.
PREPARED FOR APPROVAL by the Department of Standardization and Technical Standards in Construction of the USSR State Construction Committee (A. I. Gopyshev, V. V. Bakonin, D. I. Prokofiev).
With the introduction of SNiP 3.03.01-87 “Load-bearing and enclosing structures” become invalid:
head of SNiP III-15-76 „Concrete and reinforced concrete monolithic structures";
CH 383-67 “Instructions for the production and acceptance of work during the construction of reinforced concrete tanks for oil and petroleum products”;
head of SNiP III-16-80, .Prefabricated concrete and reinforced concrete structures";
CH 420-71 “Instructions for sealing joints during installation of building structures”;
head of SNiP III-18-75 “Metal structures” in terms of installation of structures”;
paragraph 11 “Changes and additions to the chapter of SNiP III-18-75 "Metal structures" approved by the resolution of the USSR State Construction Committee dated 19 April 1978 city no. 60;
head of SNiP III-17-78 "Stone structures";
head of SNiP III-19-76 "Wooden structures";
CH 393-78 “Instructions for welding joints of reinforcement and embedded parts of reinforced concrete structures.”
When using a regulatory document, one should take into account the approved changes to building codes and rules and state standards, published in the journal “Bulletin of Construction Technology”, “Collection of Amendments to Construction Codes and Rules” of the USSR State Construction Committee and the information index “USSR State Standards” of the USSR State Standard.
|
State |
Construction rules and regulations |
SNiP 3.03.01-87 |
|
Construction Committee of the USSR (Gosstroy USSR) |
Load-bearing and enclosing structures |
In return SNiP III-15-76; CH 383-67; SNiP III-16-80; CH 420-71; SNiP III-18-75; SNiP III-17-78; SNiP III-19-76; CH 393-78 |
1. GENERAL PROVISIONS
1.1. These norms and rules apply to the production and acceptance of work performed during the construction and reconstruction of enterprises, buildings and structures in all sectors of the national economy:
during the construction of monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete structures from heavy, especially heavy, porous aggregates, heat-resistant and alkali-resistant concrete, during shotcrete and underwater concreting work;
in the manufacture of prefabricated concrete and reinforced concrete structures on a construction site;
during installation of prefabricated reinforced concrete, steel, wooden structures and structures made of lightweight, efficient materials;
when welding installation connections of building steel and reinforced concrete structures, connections of reinforcement and embedded products of monolithic reinforced concrete structures;
during the construction of stone and reinforced stone structures made of ceramic and sand-lime brick, ceramic, silicate, natural and concrete stones, brick and ceramic panels and blocks, concrete blocks.
The requirements of these rules must be taken into account when designing structures of buildings and structures.
1.2. Specified in paragraph. 1.1 the work must be carried out in accordance with the project, as well as comply with the requirements of the relevant standards,
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Introduced by TsNIIOMTP Gosstroy USSR |
Approved by resolution of the State Construction Committee of the USSR from 4 December 1987 city no. 280 |
Term introduction into action 1 July 1988 G. |
building codes and regulations on the organization of construction production and safety precautions in construction, rules fire safety during construction and installation work, as well as the requirements of state supervisory authorities.
1.3. When constructing special structures — highways, bridges, pipes, tunnels, subways, airfields, hydraulic reclamation and other structures, as well as when constructing buildings and structures on permafrost and subsidence soils, undermined areas and in seismic areas, one must additionally be guided by the requirements of the relevant regulatory and technical documents.
1.4. Work on the construction of buildings and structures should be carried out according to the approved work plan (WPP) , in which, along with the general requirements of SNiP 3.01.01-85 the following must be provided: the sequence of installation of structures; measures to ensure the required installation accuracy; spatial immutability of structures during their enlarged assembly and installation in the design position; stability of structures and parts of a building (structure) during construction; degree of enlargement of structures and safe working conditions.
The combined installation of structures and equipment should be carried out according to the work plan, which contains the procedure for combining work, interconnected diagrams of installation tiers and zones, and lifting schedules for structures and equipment.
IN necessary cases As part of the PPR, additional technical requirements should be developed aimed at increasing the construction manufacturability of the structures being erected, which must be agreed upon in the prescribed manner with the organization — by the project developer and included in the as-built working drawings.
1.5. Data on construction and installation work should be entered daily into the logs of work on the installation of building structures (mandatory appendix 1), welding works (mandatory application 2), anti-corrosion protection of welded joints (mandatory application 3), embedding installation joints and assemblies (mandatory application 4) , making installation connections using bolts with controlled tension (mandatory application 5) , and also record their position on geodetic as-built diagrams during the installation of structures.
1.6. Structures, products and materials used in the construction of concrete, reinforced concrete, steel, wood and stone structures must meet the requirements of relevant standards, technical specifications and working drawings.
1.7. Transportation and temporary storage of structures (products) in the installation area should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of state standards for these structures (products) , and for non-standardized designs (products) comply with the requirements:
structures should, as a rule, be in a position corresponding to the design (beams, trusses, slabs, wall panels, etc.), and if this condition cannot be met — in a position convenient for transportation and transfer for installation (columns, flights of stairs, etc.) provided that their strength is ensured;
structures must be supported by inventory pads and rectangular gaskets located in the places specified in the design; the thickness of the gaskets must be at least 30 mm and not less than 20 mm exceed the height of sling loops and other protruding parts of structures; when multi-tiered loading and storage of structures of the same type, linings and gaskets must be located on the same vertical along the line of lifting devices (hinges, holes) or in other places specified in the working drawings;
structures must be securely fastened to protect them from overturning, longitudinal and lateral displacement, and mutual impacts against each other or against the structure Vehicle; fastenings must ensure the possibility of unloading each element from vehicles without disturbing the stability of the others;
textured surfaces must be protected from damage and contamination;
fittings outlets and protruding parts must be protected from damage; factory markings must be accessible for inspection;
small parts for installation connections should be attached to the shipping elements or sent simultaneously with the structures in containers equipped with tags indicating the brands of parts and their number; these parts should be stored under cover;
fasteners should be stored indoors, sorted by type and brand, bolts and nuts — by strength classes and diameters, and high-strength bolts, nuts and washers — and by batch.
1.8. When storing structures, they should be sorted by brand and laid taking into account the order of installation.
1.9. It is prohibited to move any structures by dragging.
1.10. To ensure the safety of wooden structures during transportation and storage, it is necessary to use inventory devices (cradles, clamps, containers, soft slings) with the installation of soft gaskets and pads in places where the structures support and come into contact with metal parts, and also protect them from exposure to solar radiation and alternating moisture and drying.
1.11. Prefabricated structures should be installed, as a rule, from vehicles or enlargement stands.
1.12. Before lifting each mounting element, you must check:
compliance with its design brand;
condition of embedded products and installation marks, absence of dirt, snow, ice, damage to finishing, primer and paint;
availability at the workplace of the necessary connecting parts and auxiliary materials;
correctness and reliability of securing load-handling devices;
and also equip it with scaffolding, stairs and fences in accordance with the PPR.
1.13. The slinging of the mounted elements should be carried out in the places indicated in the working drawings, and their lifting and delivery to the installation site should be ensured in a position close to the design one. If it is necessary to change the slinging locations, they must be agreed with the organization — developer of working drawings.
It is prohibited to sling structures in arbitrary places, as well as behind reinforcement outlets.
Slinging schemes for enlarged flat and spatial blocks must ensure their strength, stability and immutability during lifting geometric dimensions and forms.
1.14. The mounted elements should be lifted smoothly, without jerking, swinging or rotating, usually using guy ropes. When lifting vertically located structures, use one guy, horizontal elements and blocks — at least two.
The structures should be raised in two steps: first to the height 20—30 cm, then, after checking the reliability of the sling, carry out further lifting.
1.15. When installing mounting elements must be provided:
stability and immutability of their position at all stages of installation; safety of work;
accuracy of their position using constant geodetic control;
strength of installation connections.
1.16. Structures should be installed in the design position according to accepted guidelines (marks, pins, stops, edges, etc.) .
Structures that have special mortgages or other fixing devices must be installed on these devices.
1.17. The installed mounting elements must be securely fastened before unfastening.
1.18. Until the verification and reliable (temporary or design) fastening of the installed element is completed, it is not allowed to support the overlying structures on it, unless such support is provided for by the PPR.
1.19. In the absence of special requirements in the working drawings, maximum deviations in the alignment of landmarks (edges or marks) when installing prefabricated elements, as well as deviations from the design position of completed installation (construction) structures should not exceed the values given in the relevant sections of these rules and regulations.
Deviations for the installation of mounting elements, the position of which may change during their constant fastening and loading with subsequent structures, must be assigned in the PPR in such a way that they do not exceed the limit values after completion of all installation work. If there are no special instructions in the PPR, the deviation of elements during installation should not exceed 0,4 maximum deviation for acceptance.
1.20. Usage installed structures for attaching cargo pulleys, outlet blocks and other load-lifting devices to them is allowed only in cases provided for by the PPR and, if necessary, agreed upon with the organization that made the working drawings of the structures.
1.21. The installation of building structures (structures) should begin, as a rule, with a spatially stable part: a bond cell, a stiffening core, etc. P .
Installation of structures of buildings and structures of great length or height should be carried out in spatially stable sections (spans, tiers, floors, temperature blocks, etc.)
1.22. Production quality control of construction and installation works should be carried out in accordance with SNiP 3.01.01-85.
The following documentation must be presented during acceptance inspection:
as-built drawings with introduced (if any) deviations allowed by the enterprise — manufacturer of structures, as well as an installation organization agreed with design organizations — developers of drawings, and documents on their approval;
factory technical data sheets for steel, reinforced concrete and wooden structures;
documents (certificates, passports) certifying the quality of materials used in construction and installation work;
certificates of inspection of hidden work;
acts of intermediate acceptance of critical structures;
executive geodetic diagrams of the position of structures;
work logs;
documents on quality control of welded joints;
certificates of testing of structures (if tests are provided for by additional rules of these rules and regulations or working drawings) ;
other documents specified in additional rules or working drawings.
1.23. It is allowed in projects, with appropriate justification, to assign requirements for the accuracy of parameters, volumes and control methods that differ from those provided for by these rules. In this case, the accuracy of the geometric parameters of structures should be assigned based on the calculation of accuracy according to GOST 21780-83.
2. CONCRETE WORKS
MATERIALS FOR CONCRETE
2.1. The choice of cements for preparing concrete mixtures should be made in accordance with these rules (recommended appendix 6) and GOST 23464 — 79. Acceptance of cements should be carried out in accordance with GOST 22236—85, transportation and storage of cements — according to GOST 22237 — 85 and SNiP 3.09.01-85.
2.2. Fillers for concrete are used fractionated and washed. It is prohibited to use a natural mixture of sand and gravel without sieving into fractions (mandatory application 7). When choosing aggregates for concrete, materials from local raw materials should be used predominantly. To obtain the required technological properties of concrete mixtures and operational properties of concrete, chemical additives or their complexes should be used in accordance with the mandatory application 7 and recommended application 8.
CONCRETE MIXTURES
2 . 3. Dosing of concrete mixture components should be done by weight. It is allowed to dose additives introduced into the concrete mixture in the form of aqueous solutions by volume of water. The ratio of components is determined for each batch of cement and aggregates when preparing concrete of the required strength and mobility. The dosage of components should be adjusted during the preparation of the concrete mixture, taking into account data from monitoring indicators of cement properties, humidity, granulometry of aggregates and strength control.
2.4. The order of loading components and the duration of mixing the concrete mixture must be established for specific materials and conditions of the concrete mixing equipment used by assessing the mobility, uniformity and strength of concrete in a specific batch. When introducing pieces of fibrous materials (fibers), it is necessary to provide a method for their introduction so that they do not form lumps and inhomogeneities.
When preparing a concrete mixture using separate technology, the following procedure must be observed:
water, part of the sand, finely ground mineral filler (if used) and cement are dosed into a running high-speed mixer, where everything is mixed;
the resulting mixture is fed into a concrete mixer, pre-loaded with the rest of the aggregates and water, and everything is mixed again.
2.5. Transportation and supply of concrete mixtures should be carried out using specialized means that ensure the preservation of the specified properties of the concrete mixture. It is prohibited to add water at the site of laying the concrete mixture to increase its mobility.
2.6. The composition of the concrete mixture, preparation, acceptance rules, control methods and transportation must comply with GOST 7473—85.
2.7. Requirements for the composition, preparation and transportation of concrete mixtures are given in table. 1.
Table 1
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Parameter |
Parameter value |
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1. Number of coarse aggregate fractions at grain size, mm: before 40 St. 40 2. Largest aggregate size for: reinforced concrete structures slabs thin-walled structures when pumping with a concrete pump: including grains of the largest size, flakie and needle-shaped when pumping through concrete pipelines, the content of sand with a particle size of less than, mm: 0,14 0,3 |
At least two At least three No more 2/3 the smallest distance between reinforcement bars No more 1/2 slab thickness No more 1/3 — 1/2 product thickness No more 0,33 pipeline internal diameter No more 15% by weight 5 — 7 % 15 — 20 % |
Measuring according to GOST 10260 — 82, work log Same Measuring according to GOST 8736-85, work log |
LAYING CONCRETE MIXTURES
2.8. Before concreting, rock foundations, horizontal and inclined concrete surfaces of working joints must be cleaned of debris, dirt, oil, snow and ice, cement film, etc. Immediately before laying the concrete mixture, the cleaned surfaces must be washed with water and dried with a stream of air.
2.9. All structures and their elements that are covered during subsequent work (prepared foundations of structures, reinforcement, embedded products, etc.) , as well as the correct installation and fastening of the formwork and its supporting elements must be taken in accordance with SNiP 3.01.01-85.
2.10. Concrete mixtures should be laid in concrete structures in horizontal layers of equal thickness without breaks, with a consistent direction of laying in one direction in all layers.
2.11. When compacting the concrete mixture, it is not allowed to rest vibrators on reinforcement and embedded products, ties and other formwork fastening elements. The depth of immersion of the deep vibrator into the concrete mixture should ensure its deepening into the previously laid layer on 5 — 10 see. The step of rearrangement of deep vibrators should not exceed one and a half radius of their action, surface vibrators — must provide overlap 100 mm with the vibrator platform of the border of the already vibrated area.
2.12. Laying the next layer of concrete mixture is allowed before the concrete of the previous layer begins to set. The duration of the break between laying adjacent layers of concrete mixture without forming a working joint is established by the construction laboratory. The top level of the laid concrete mixture should be at 50 — 70 mm below the top of the formwork panels.
2.13. The surface of the working joints made when laying the concrete mixture intermittently must be perpendicular to the axis of the columns and beams being concreted, the surface of the slabs and walls. Concreting may be resumed when the concrete reaches a strength of at least 1,5 MPa. Working seams in agreement with design organization It is allowed to arrange during concreting:
columns — at the level of the top of the foundation, the bottom of purlins, beams and crane consoles, the top of crane beams, the bottom of column capitals;
large beams monolithically connected to slabs — on 20 — 30 mm below the mark of the bottom surface of the slab, and if there are haunches in the slab — at the level of the bottom of the slab haunch;
flat slabs — anywhere parallel to the smaller side of the slab;
ribbed floors — in a direction parallel to the secondary beams;
individual beams — within the middle third of the span of beams, in a direction parallel to the main beams (purlins) within the two middle quarters of the span of purlins and slabs;
arrays, arches, vaults, tanks, bunkers, hydraulic structures, bridges and other complex engineering structures and structures — in the places indicated in the projects.
2.14. Requirements for laying and compacting concrete mixtures are given in table. 2.
Table 2
|
Parameter |
Parameter value |
Control (method, volume, type of registration) |
|
1. Strength of concrete base surfaces when cleared of cement film: water and air jet mechanical wire brush hydrosandblasting or mechanical cutter 2. Height of free dropping of concrete mixture into the formwork of structures: columns floors walls unreinforced structures lightly reinforced underground structures in dry and cohesive soils densely reinforced 3. Thickness of laid layers of concrete mixture: when compacting the mixture with heavy suspended vertical vibrators when compacting the mixture with suspended vibrators located at an angle to the vertical (up to 30°) when compacting the mixture with manual deep vibrators when compacting the mixture with surface vibrators in structures: unreinforced with single fittings with double „ |
Not less, MPa: 0 , 3 1,5 5,0 No more, m: 5,0 1,0 4 , 5 6 , 0 4,5 3 , 0 On 5—10 cm less than the length of the working part of the vibrator No more than the vertical projection of the length of the working part of the vibrator No more 1,25 length of the vibrator working part No more, see: |
Measuring according to GOST 10180 — 78, GOST 18105 — 86, GOST 22690.0 — 77 , work log Measuring, 2 times per shift, work log Measuring, 2 times per shift, work log |
CURTINING AND CARE OF CONCRETE
2.15. IN initial period During hardening, concrete must be protected from precipitation or moisture loss, and then the temperature and humidity conditions must be maintained to create conditions that ensure an increase in its strength.
2.16. Measures for the care of concrete, the order and timing of their implementation, control over their implementation and the timing of stripping of structures must be established by the PPR.
2.17. The movement of people along concreted structures and the installation of formwork on overlying structures is allowed after the concrete reaches a strength of at least 1,5 MPa.
TESTING OF CONCRETE DURING ACCEPTANCE OF STRUCTURES
2.18. Strength, frost resistance, density, water resistance, deformability, as well as other indicators established by the project, should be determined in accordance with the requirements of current state standards.
CONCRETE ON POROUS AGGREGATES
2.19. Concrete must meet the requirements of GOST 25820 — 83.
2.20. Materials for concrete should be selected in accordance with the mandatory application 7, and chemical additives — with recommended app 8.
2.21. The selection of concrete composition should be made in accordance with GOST 27006 — 86.
2.22. Concrete mixtures, their preparation, delivery, laying and maintenance of concrete must meet the requirements of GOST 7473—85.
2.23. The main indicators of the quality of the concrete mixture and concrete must be controlled in accordance with the table. 3.
Table 3
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Parameter |
Parameter value |
Control (method, volume, type of registration) |
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1. Delamination, no more 2. Strength of concrete (at the time of demoulding structures) , not less: heat-insulating structural-heat-insulating reinforced previously tense |
0,5 MPa 1,5 MPa 3,5 MPa, but not less 50 % design strength 14,0 Mpa, but no less 70 % design strength |
Measuring by GOST 10181.4 — 81, 2 times per shift, work log Measuring by GOST 10180 — 78 And GOST 18105 — 86, at least once for the entire volume of stripping, work log |
ACID-RESISTANT AND ALKALI-RESISTANT CONCRETE
2.24. Acid-resistant and alkali-resistant concrete must comply with GOST requirements 25192—82. The compositions of acid-resistant concrete and the requirements for materials are given in Table. 4
Table 4
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Material |
Quantity |
Material requirements |
|
1. Astringent — liquid glass: sodium potassium 2. Hardening initiator — sodium fluoride: including for concrete: acid-resistant (KB) acid-water-resistant (KVB) 3. Fine fillers — andesite, diabase or basalt flour 4. Fine aggregate — quartz sand 5. Large aggregate-crushed stone made of andesite, beshtaunite, quartz, quartzite, felsite, granite, acid-resistant ceramics |
No less 280 kg/m 3 (9-11 % by weight) From 25 before 40 kg/m 3 (1,3 - 2% by weight) 8—10% mass of sodium liquid glass 18-20% mass of sodium liquid glass or 15% masses of potassium liquid glass IN 1,3-1,5 times more liquid glass consumption (12-16%) IN 2 (24-26%) IN 4 times more liquid glass consumption (48-50%) |
1,38 — 1,42 (specific gravity) with siliceous mo-tsul 2,5-2,8 1,26—1,36 (specific gravity) with silica module 2,5—3,5 Content of pure substance is not less than 93 %, humidity no more 2 %, grinding fineness corresponding to the residue no more 5 % on sieve No. 0 08 Acid resistance is not lower 96 %, grinding fineness corresponding to the residue no more 10% on sieve no. 0315, humidity no more 2 % Acid resistance is not lower 96 %, humidity no more 1 %. The tensile strength of the rocks from which sand and crushed stone is obtained must be no less than 60 MPa. The use of fillers made of carbonate rocks (limestones, dolomites) is prohibited. , fillers must not contain metallic inclusions |
2.25. The preparation of concrete mixtures using liquid glass should be carried out in the following order. First, sifted through a sieve are mixed dry in a closed mixer. № 03 hardening initiator, filler and other powdered components. Liquid glass is mixed with modifying additives. First, crushed stone of all fractions and sand are loaded into the mixer, then — mixture of powdered materials and stirred for 1 min, then add liquid glass and mix 1—2 min. In gravity mixers, the mixing time of dry materials is increased to 2 min, and after loading all components — before 3 min. Adding liquid glass or water to the finished mixture is not allowed. Viability of concrete mixture — no more 50 min at 20 °C, with increasing temperature it decreases. Requirements for the mobility of concrete mixtures are given in table.
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FEDERAL AGENCY FOR TECHNICAL REGULATION AND METROLOGY
GOST R IEC 60357-
NATIONAL
STANDARD
RUSSIAN
FEDERATION
TUNGSTEN HALOGEN LAMPS
(not for vehicles)
Operational Requirements
Tungsten halogen lamps (non-vehicle) - Performance specifications
Official publication
Standardinform
Preface
1 PREPARED by the State Unitary Enterprise of the Republic of Mordovia “Research Institute of Light Sources named after A. N. Lodygin” based on its own authentic translation into Russian of the international standard specified in paragraph 4
2 INTRODUCED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 332 “Lighting Products”
3 APPROVED AND ENTERED INTO EFFECT by Order of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology dated September 18, 2012 No. 348-st
4 This standard is identical to the international standard IEC 60357:2002 “Tungsten halogen lamps (not for vehicles). Performance requirements" (IEC 60357:2002 "Tungsten halogen lamps (non-vehicle) - Performance specifications") as amended by A1:2006, A2:2008 and A3:2011.
Changes to the specified international standard, adopted after its official publication, are included in the text of this standard and are highlighted on the left in the margin with a double vertical line, and the designation and year of adoption of the changes are given in a note to the corresponding text or in parentheses after the text.
When applying this standard, it is recommended to use the corresponding national standards instead of the referenced international standards. Russian Federation and interstate standards, information about which is given in the additional appendix DA
5 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME
The rules for applying this standard are established in GOST R 1.0-2012 (section 8). Information about changes to this standard is published in the annual (as of January 1 of the current year) information index “National Standards”, and the official text of changes and amendments is published in the monthly information index “National Standards”. In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this standard, the corresponding notice will be published in the next issue of the information index “National Standards”. Relevant information, notices and texts are also posted in information system for general use - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet (gost.ru)
© Standardinform, 2014
This standard cannot be fully or partially reproduced, replicated or distributed as an official publication without permission from the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology
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Projector optical axis |
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Note 1 |
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To obtain the most accurate alignment of the light beam of the reflector in the frame window, the alignment principle shown in the figure is recommended.
Notes
1 Dimension L determines the distance between the lamp mounting surface and the frame plane.
2 The spring design must be such that the edge of the reflector, regardless of its thickness, is pressed against the bottom and mounting surface. The lamp reflector is pressed against the mounting surface or three base tabs. The socket is provided with a base groove to receive the base lip of the lamp to prevent it from rotating.
3 To reduce the axial displacement, it is necessary to press the lower installation point to the edge of the installation plane. This can be achieved by shaping the top spring so that the edge of the reflector is pressed more to the side than forward, thereby placing the opposite edge of the reflector on the mounting surface.
The dimension £, the space between the mounting plane and the optical axis of the projector, is considered an objective value.
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PRINCIPLE OF CENTERING LAMPS WITH ONE-piece | ||
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WITH A REFLECTOR WITH A DIAMETER OF 50.8 MM METHOD 1 - GENERAL METHOD |
Dimensions in millimeters
The picture is for showing the dimensions being tested only.
|
Note 2 |
||
Designations:
1 - mounting surface x;
2 - frame plane;
3 - optical axis of the projector;
4 - base pins.
Notes
1 The above figure gives the most general method centering the light beam along the optical axis of the projector. The lamp reflector is pressed against the mounting surface or sideways against two base protrusions.
2 Dimension L sets the distance between the lamp mounting surface and the frame plane. Optimal value size L depends on the type of objective lenses used and will vary depending on the types of lamps with different configurations of their reflectors.
Dimensions in millimeters The illustration is intended to show the dimensions being checked only.
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Note 2 |
||
|
a (degrees) | ||
Designations:
1 - landing surface x;
2 - frame plane;
3 - optical axis of the projector;
4 - enlarged view of part of the cartridge.
Notes
1 The method shown in the above figure is recommended for assembling the lamp and accurately aligning the light beam in the projector. The reflector is pressed against the mounting surface x. The recess formed by D 2, M them serves to limit the lateral displacement of the lamps.
2 Dimension L determines the distance between the lamp mounting surface and the frame plane. The optimal value of size L depends on the type of objective lenses used and will vary depending on the types of lamps with different configurations of their reflectors.
Note - Amended edition, amendment A1:2006.
EXTERNAL DIMENSIONS OF PROJECTION LAMPS WITH 50.8 MM DIAMETER ONE-PIECE REFLECTOR AND GX5.3 OR GY5.3 CASE
Dimensions in millimeters
The illustration is intended only to show the dimensions required to mount the lamp in the socket
|
(note 1) | ||
|
(note 2) | ||
|
(note 3) | ||
|
a (degrees) | ||
Notes
1 Maximum permissible diameter including molded projections and roundings.
2 Surface diameter Y is measured at a distance U from the base surface x.
3 Minimum clearance between surface x and molded lip.
4 The x surface determines the position of the lamp and must firmly connect the sockets to the lamp to achieve proper alignment of the optical axis.
5 The space limited by dimension N may differ from the outline shown to allow alignment various options reflector configurations.
6 Dimensions a, D-|, W, T, U, V and z are for lamp construction. They are given to ensure greater accuracy when designing lamps.
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LAMP MOUNTING SYSTEMS WITH ONE-TIME | ||
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WITH 50.8 MM DIAMETER REFLECTOR AND GX5.3 OR GY5.3 BASE |
1 Types of fastening systems
a) push plug system
The lamp is attached entirely to the edge of the reflector using a flexible electrical plug.
b) two-way flexible fastening system
A complex device that provides mounting on both ends of the lamp.
2 System elements
2.1 Lamp dimensions
For detailed dimensions of lamps with 2" one-piece reflector, see sheet 60357-IEC-1005. Accurate verification of some of these dimensions is necessary to ensure proper operation of the two-way flexible fastening system.
2.2 Plinth dimensions
The dimensions of GX5.3 and GY5.3 bases are given in IEC 60061-1. It should be noted that difficulties may arise when inserting lamps with a base greatest length the pin of which is 7.62 mm.
2.3 Rim centering devices
Sheet 60357-IEC-1004 provides two methods for centering the reflector rim in the mounting system. They are distinguished as Method 1 (general method) and method 2 (exact method). In each case, a rim centering device can be used with any mounting system. Either of two rim-centering devices can be used with any mounting system.
2.4 Plugs and contact assemblies
The dimensions of plugs and/or contact assemblies when used in these mounting systems are under consideration.
2.5 Auxiliary fastening devices
As noted in 3 and 4, some variations of these mounting systems may require additional ways mechanical attachment or force so that the edge of the reflector is pressed directly against the base surface of the rim-centering device. The details of such devices are not indicated to allow free choice of design, and there should be no conflicts with standardized dimensions.
3 Push plug system
The rim centering device provides mounting and aiming of the lamp when a spring or similar element holds the lamp rim to the base surface of the centering device. Electrical connection provided by a plug with a flexible cord. This system is designed to install the lamp by simply sliding it towards the mechanical stop and base surface and then sliding the plug onto the base or vice versa.
4 Double-sided flexible fastening system
A double-sided system is a device that secures the reflector and lamp base. The rim centering device provides the initial attachment and functional position of the reflector rim. Helper springs or similar elements may be required to provide additional holding force. The contact assembly at the end of the base performs two functions: it provides electrical contact and fastening. This system is used to insert the lamp by simply sliding it until the reflector rim is located in the mechanical stop and the base surface while simultaneously inserting the pins of the base into the recesses of the contact assembly.
A two-way flexible mounting system requires that the contact assembly be able to move slightly in the direction of the lamp axis relative to the original surface of the rim-centered device. This movement allows the lamp to be installed along its entire length in its normal operating position. Dimensions N-1 and L/2 determine the boundaries of this movement.
The contact assembly mount may be designed to provide either partial or full ultimate compression so that the reflector rim is pressed against the rim centering device. Springs or the like may be used to provide this ultimate force. The load-bearing surfaces of the contact assembly and the lamp base are surfaces called the “Z surface” for each part. It is desirable that the Z surface of the socket contact assembly have an entry angle at the edge where the Z surface of the base enters when the lamp is inserted.
The contact assembly may be located on a corresponding protrusion, allowing full insertion of the lamp up to the stop of the device, centered by the rim, and ensuring contact with the base pin. The contact assembly or its contacts should be moved slightly in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the lamp to account for some misalignment in the location of the lamp pins relative to the center of the device centered by the rim.
The cartridge contact assembly can be designed in two types depending on the applied voltage:
a) two pins simultaneously enter two corresponding grooves of the contact assembly;
b) both pins of the base fit into the same groove, and the two contacts are located one above the other in the corresponding places.
Details of these contact assemblies are given in the cartridge standard (under consideration).
5 Tolerance control
The possibility of using gauges to test these two types of fastening is under consideration.
For some lamps, dimension H is given from the top of the filament body. Dimensions are given in the corresponding lamp parameters sheet.
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE FINANCIAL BODY
Definitions (see p. 1)
The base axis of the lamp is a line passing through the point in the middle between the axes of the pins as they exit the blade and through the point in the middle between the axes of the ends of the pins.
The reference plane of the lamp is the plane passing through the end of the pin corresponding to the full length of the pin and perpendicular to the reference plane.
In front view, the line delimiting the filament body forms basically a trapezoidal shape. The height of the filament (/?) is the perpendicular between the parallel sides of the trapezoid. The width of the filament (co) is the distance between the intersections of the center line of parallel sides with the non-parallel sides of the trapezoid.
Height of the light center of the lamp (H) - perpendicular between base plane and a parallel plane passing through the center or through the top point of the filament body in the front view.
The coaxiality of the filament body in front view (A) is the perpendicular between the base axis and the outer part of the filament body.
The inclination of the filament in the side view (a) is the angle between the parallel sides of the trapezoid and the reference plane.
Requirements
The filament dimensions and positions specified in the relevant lamp data sheets apply to the filament at rated voltage. They are checked by the template system shown on p. 3. (These figures show the actual dimensions of the filament. As an exception for angle a, these values can be multiplied by the appropriate coefficient.)
The image of the filament body must be projected onto the stationary elements of the template system with correct location reference axis and plane.
In the front view, concentric movable contour templates must move until the image of the filament body takes a symmetrical position in these templates. Then apply the following:
The image of the filament body should not be smaller than the internal contour template and larger than the external contour template, an exception is allowed for the lower half of the outer template, when the image may overlap the vertical lines;
The center point M of the contour templates (or the top point T if the dimension H is given from the top of the filament body) must be within the fixed template in the front view;
The slope of the contour templates should be no greater than the slope given for the fixed grid lines in the front view.
In the side view, the image of the filament body should be located between fixed parallel lines.
PRINCIPLE OF DIMENSIONING SINGLE-CASE FLAT BODY PROJECTION LAMPS WITH G6.35 OR GY6.35 CASE
Front view Side view
Elements of a fixed template system for front and side views
|
Note 1 |
Notes
1 Dimension L (working distance) is the distance from the mounting surface (surface x) to the frame plane. This value depends on the objective lenses used, as well as the contour of the lamp reflector. Refer to the lamp specification sheets for specific values.
2 The shape of the device is not limited to that shown. Notches, bolts or other locking features shall be provided in the specified sheets.
3 The centering device is intended for use with a holding system that provides an axial force to bring the surface of the lamp rim into contact with the surface x of the device. This device provides the primary placement and holding functions of the lamp.
1. General Provisions............................................... .....................1
1.1 Scope of application................................................... ...............1
1.3 Terms and definitions.................................................... ...............2
1.4 Requirements for lamps.................................................... ................3
1.4.1 General provisions................................................... ...............3
1.4.2 Plinths.................................................... ...........................3
1.4.3 Dimensions................................................... ........................3
1.4.4 Power................................................... ........................3
1.4.5 Light parameters.................................................... ................3
1.4.6 Stability of luminous flux and stability of axial luminous intensity.....................................3
1.4.7 Warning for lamps without outer casing...................................................4
1.5 Information for luminaire calculation.................................................... ..4
1.6 Sheets with general data and sheets with lamp parameters.................................................4
1.6.1 Numbering system.................................................... .................4
1.6.2 General data sheets.................................................... ..............4
1.6.3 Sheets with lamp parameters.................................................... ............5
2 Projection lamps................................................... .................27
3 Photo lamps (including studio lamps).................................................... ..........70
4 Spotlights................................................................... ................94
5 Special purpose lamps.................................................... .........98
6 Lamps general purpose...........................................................108
7 Lamps for stage lighting.................................................... .............150
Appendix A (mandatory) Test method for light parameters, light stability
flow and burning duration....................................................153
Appendix B (mandatory) Symbols.................................................... ......155
Appendix C (for reference) Information for calculating the luminaire....................................156
Appendix D (informative) Temperature measurement at the wall of the flask....................................159
ISLN Appendix E (informative) ............................................................ ..........160
Appendix YES (informative) Information on the compliance of reference international standards with reference national standards of the Russian Federation
(and interstate standards acting in this capacity)...............168
Bibliography................................................. ...........................169
EXTERNAL DIMENSIONS OF PROJECTION LAMPS WITH 42 MM DIAMETER ONE-PIECE REFLECTOR AND GX5.3 OR GY5.3 CASE
|
N(note 4) | |||
Notes
1 The common center for the corners air is located at a distance U from the landing surface x. Diameter D is measured at a distance V from the surface x.
2 Dimension W means the distance at which two corner surfaces are maintained.
3 Dimensions C and N should not be used to calculate the length of the base pin. See IEC 60061 sheets 7004-73A and 7004-73B.
4 Dimension N control is required for use in double-sided restraint systems.
5 The reflector shape and neck area shown are not intended to define or limit the outer surface contour of the lamp. Specific restrictions are imposed by the standard on sockets and sockets. See IEC 60061.
6 Surface x of the lamp must be firmly connected to surface x of the centering device as in sheet 60357-IEC-1008 to achieve correct placement on the optical axis.
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION TUNGSTEN HALOGEN LAMPS (not for vehicles) Operational Requirements
Operational Requirements
Tungsten halogen lamps (non-vehicle). Performance specifications
Date of introduction - 2013-07-01
1. General Provisions
1.1 Scope of application
This standard establishes performance requirements for single-ended and double-ended tungsten halogen lamps for rated voltages up to and including 250 V for the following purposes (hereinafter referred to as lamps):
Projection (including film projectors and slide projectors);
Photo lamps (including studio lamps);
Spotlights;
Special purpose;
General purpose;
Scene lighting.
In this standard, some requirements are referred to as being specified in the corresponding lamp specification sheet. For some lamps these parameter sheets are included in this standard. For other lamps within the scope of this standard, the relevant data is given by the lamp manufacturer or responsible supplier.
The requirements of this standard relate to type testing only.
NOTE The requirements and tolerances permitted by this standard correspond to the type test sample provided by the manufacturer for this purpose. This sample should consist of lamps with characteristics typical of the manufacturer's products and as close as possible to the average characteristics of these products.
It can be expected that, within the tolerances specified in this standard, lamps manufactured in accordance with the type test sample will satisfy the requirements of the standard in the majority of products. However, due to the variation in product characteristics, it is inevitable that sometimes lamp performance will be outside the specified tolerances. For guidance on qualitative sampling rules and plans, see .
1.2 Normative references
This standard uses normative references to the following standards:
IEC 60050 (845):1987 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IED). Chapter 845: Lighting (IEC 60050 (845):1987, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) - Chapter 845: Lighting)
IEC 60061-1^ Lamp sockets and sockets, and gauges to verify their interchangeability and safety. Part 1. Caps (IEC 60061-1, Lamp caps and holders together with gauges for the control of interchangeability and safety - Part 1: Lamp caps)
^ The latest edition of the standard, including all subsequent amendments, shall apply
Official publication
IEC 60432-2 Incandescent lamps. Safety requirements. Part 2. Halogen lamps for household and similar general lighting(IEC 60432-2, Incandescent lamps - Safety specifications - Part 2: Tungsten halogen lamps for domestic and similar general lighting purposes)
IEC 60432-3 1) Incandescent lamps. Safety requirements. Part 3. Halogen lamps (not for vehicles)
IEC 61341 1 ^ Method of measurement of center beam intensity and beam angle(s) of reflector lamps
MKO 84:1989 Measurement of luminous flux (CIE 84:1989, The measurement of luminous flux)
1.3 Terms and definitions
This standard uses the terms in IEC 60050 (845), as well as the following terms with corresponding definitions:
1.3.1 halogen lamp: A gas-filled lamp containing halogens or halogen compounds and a tungsten filament.
1.3.2 single-capped tungsten halogen lamp: Halogen lamp with one base.
1.3.3 double-capped tungsten halogen lamp: A halogen lamp with a cap at each end of the lamp.
1.3.4 outer envelope: Transparent or light-transmitting envelope containing a lamp.
1.3.5 rated value: The value of a lamp parameter under specified operating conditions. The meaning and conditions are specified in this standard or as declared by the manufacturer or responsible supplier.
1.3.6 rated voltage voltage or range of voltages specified in this standard or declared by the manufacturer or responsible supplier
Note - If the voltage range is indicated on the lamp marking, then it is suitable for use with any supply voltage from the range.
1.3.7 test voltage: The rated voltage or, when marked with a voltage range, the average value of the voltage range, unless otherwise specified.
1.3.8 rated wattage: The power specified in this standard or declared by the manufacturer or responsible supplier.
1.3.9 rated current current specified in this standard or declared by the manufacturer or responsible supplier
1.3.10 test current rated current unless otherwise specified.
1.3.11 maximum pinch temperature: The highest temperature that the component parts of the blade must withstand during a given lamp burning time.
1.3.12 initial luminous flux: Luminous flux of a lamp after annealing.
1.3.13 rated luminous flux: The luminous flux of a lamp, as declared by the manufacturer or responsible supplier, when the lamp is operated under specified conditions.
1.3.14 lumen maintenance: The ratio of the luminous flux of a lamp at a given time of its service life to the initial luminous flux when the lamp operates under specified conditions.
1.3.15 center beam intensity maintenance: The ratio of the central luminous intensity of a reflector lamp at a given time of its service life to the initial luminous intensity when the lamp operates under given conditions.
NOTE This ratio is usually expressed as a percentage.
1.3.16 average life: The time during which 50% of lamps from a sample remain operational when operating under specified conditions.
The latest edition of the standard, including any subsequent amendments, shall apply.
1.3.17 rated average life average life declared by the manufacturer or responsible supplier.
NOTE The rated life will not necessarily be the average life of the individual lamps. This should be used for comparison purposes only as operating conditions in practice may differ from the specified conditions applied in the service life test.
1.3.18 end of life: The moment when a lamp under voltage ceases to emit light.
1.4 Requirements for lamps
1.4.1 General provisions
Lamps declared to comply with this standard shall satisfy the requirements of IEC 60432-2 or IEC 60432-3.
Lamps must be designed so that their performance is stable under correct operation. This can mainly be achieved by complying with the requirements of the following subclauses. The above requirements apply to 95% of products.
In this standard, the symbols for the supply voltage of the lamps are given in Table 1.
Note - Amended edition, amendment A2:2008.
1.4.2 Bases
Requirements for lamp caps are given in IEC 60061-1.
1.4.3 Dimensions
The dimensions of the lamp, and, if necessary, the filament body must satisfy the values indicated in the corresponding sheet with the parameters of the lamp.
1.4.4 Power
The initial wattage of the lamp at test voltage shall not exceed 108% of the rated wattage unless 112% is specified on the relevant rating sheet.
1.4.5 Light parameters
1.4.5.1 General purpose and spotlight lamps
a) The initial luminous flux of the lamp must be at least 85% of the rated value.
b) The initial axial luminous intensity of the reflector lamp must be at least 75% of the rated value.
c) The initial angle of the reflector lamp beam cone shall be within ± 25% of the nominal value for all angles.
1.4.5.2 Other lamps Under consideration.
1.4.6 Stability of luminous flux and stability of axial luminous intensity
1.4.6.1 General purpose and spotlight lamps
a) The stability of the lamp luminous flux at 75% of the nominal average burning time must be at least 80%.
b) The stability of the central luminous intensity of a reflector lamp at 75% of the nominal average burning time must be at least 80%.
The test conditions and method are given in Appendix A.
1.4.6.2 Other lamps Under consideration.
1.4.7 Warning for lamps without outer casing
A lamp without an outer shell must be accompanied by a warning: “Do not touch the lamp with your fingers.”
The lamp packaging or box must be marked with the corresponding pair of symbols according to B.1 (Appendix B).
1.5 Information for calculating the luminaire Information for calculating the luminaire is specified in Appendix C.
1.6 Sheets with general data and sheets with lamp parameters 1.6.1 Numbering system
The first number indicates the standard number "60357" followed by the letters "IEC".
The second number means the group of lamps and the number of sheets with parameters within this group:
General data sheets 1000-1999;
Sheets with parameters of projection lamps 2000-2999;
Sheets with parameters of photo lamps 3000-3999;
Sheets with parameters of floodlight lamps 4000-4999;
Sheets with parameters of special purpose lamps 5000-5999;
Sheets with parameters of general purpose lamps 6000-6999;
Sheets with lamp parameters for stage lighting 7000-7999.
The third number indicates the publication of the sheet page with the lamp parameters. If the sheet consists of several pages, then the pages will have the corresponding edition numbers, and the number of the sheet with the parameters will be the same.
1.6.2 General data sheets
|
Sheet number |
Name |
|
60357-IEC-1001 |
Principle of dimensioning of tubular lamps with R7s and RX7s sockets |
|
60357-IEC-1002 |
Principle of dimensioning of tubular lamps with Fa4 sockets |
|
60357-IEC-1003 |
The principle of centering lamps with a one-piece reflector with a diameter of 50 mm and a GZ6.35 base |
|
60357-IEC-1004 |
The principle of centering lamps with a one-piece reflector with a diameter of 50.8 mm |
|
60357-IEC-1005 |
External dimensions of projection lamps with 50.8 mm diameter one-piece reflector and GX5.3 or GY5.3 base |
|
60357-IEC-1006 |
Lamp mounting systems with a one-piece reflector with a diameter of 50.8 mm and a GX5.3 or GY5.3 base |
|
60357-IEC-1007 |
Principle of dimensioning of single-ended projection lamps with a flat filament and G6.35 or GY6.35 base |
|
60357-IEC-1008 |
The principle of centering lamps with a one-piece reflector with a diameter of 42 mm and a GX5.3 or GY5.3 base |
|
60357-IEC-1009 |
External dimensions of projection lamps with 42 mm diameter one-piece reflector and GX5.3 or GY5.3 base |
|
60357-IEC-1010 |
External dimensions of lamps with a one-piece reflector with a diameter of 35 mm and a GZ4 or GU4 base |
|
60357-IEC-1011 |
External dimensions of general purpose lamps with a one-piece reflector with a diameter of 35 mm and a front diffuser |
|
60357-IEC-1012 |
External dimensions of general purpose lamps with a one-piece reflector with a diameter of 51 mm and a front diffuser |
|
60357-IEC-1013 |
External dimensions of general purpose lamps with a one-piece reflector with a diameter of 51 mm |
|
60357-IEC-1014 |
External dimensions of general purpose lamps with a one-piece reflector with a diameter of 51 mm, a front diffuser and a GU7 base |
|
60357-IEC-1015 |
External dimensions of general purpose lamps with a one-piece reflector with a diameter of 51 mm, a front diffuser and a GZ10 or GU10 base |
Note - Amended edition, amendment A1:2006.
1.6.3 Sheets with lamp parameters
Sheets with lamp parameters in accordance with their application are given in sections 2-7.
PRINCIPLE OF DIMENSIONING TUBULAR LAMPS WITH R7s AND RX7s CASES
Dimension Z H0M is the distance between the bases of the contacts, db, ax. and E nom are indicated in the corresponding sheet for the lamp.
^MIN. = ^NOM. - “1>6 ^M
^max. = ^nom. +"li6 MM
®max. = ^nom. +3.4 MM
Tnom. = ^nom. - 28.0 MM
The lamp axis is defined as a line passing through the centers of the contacts.
Dimension T, the distance between the central lines of flat sections of lamps intended for heat dissipation (see sheet 7004-92/92A IEC 60061-1), applies only to those lamps for which this size is given in the corresponding sheet with parameters.
Alax. = -Alex. + ^Umax. = -U + 16.8,
: Alax. + Alax. X + 27.1,
Alax. + Alax.- tolerance for X- 2 tolerances for Y = X + 22.9;
: Alax. + ^ Alax. = ^ + ^7.4,
Dimension T is the distance between the center lines of the flat sections of lamps designed to dissipate heat (see sheet 7004-58 of IEC 600061-1). There is no need to arrange these sections symmetrically with respect to the ends of the pins. (This size is for socket calculation only and is not verified on the lamp.)
Dimensions Alax Alax.’ Alax. and Alom are indicated in the corresponding sheet for the lamp. Dimension P max is 10.3 mm (see sheet 7004-58 of IEC 60061-1).
SNiP III-16-73
BUILDING REGULATIONS
Part lll
RULES FOR PRODUCTION AND ACCEPTANCE OF WORK
Prefabricated concrete and reinforced concrete structures
Date of introduction 1974-01-01
INTRODUCED BY TsNIIOMTP Gosstroy USSR
APPROVED State Committee Council of Ministers of the USSR for Construction Affairs December 18, 1973
INSTEAD of SNiP chapter III-B.3-62*
Chapter SNiP III-16-73 “Prefabricated concrete and reinforced concrete structures. Rules for the production and acceptance of work” was developed by the Central Research and Design Experimental Institute of Organization, Mechanization and Technical Assistance to Construction (TsNIIOMTP) of the USSR State Construction Committee.
With the entry into force of Chapter SNiP III-16-73, Chapter SNiP III-B.3-62 “Prefabricated concrete and reinforced concrete structures. Rules for the production and acceptance of installation work” is cancelled.
1. GENERAL PROVISIONS
1. GENERAL PROVISIONS
1.1. The rules of this chapter must be observed during the production and acceptance of installation work of prefabricated concrete and reinforced concrete structures of buildings and structures. When installing structures, the requirements of the chapters of SNiP on the organization of construction and safety precautions in construction, state standards for reinforced concrete and concrete products, Fire Safety Rules for construction and installation work, and others must also be observed. regulatory documents, approved or agreed upon by the USSR State Construction Committee.
Note. When installing structures of hydraulic engineering, energy, agricultural, water management and transport structures, as well as structures of buildings and structures erected in areas of permafrost and subsidence soils, mine workings and in seismic areas, the relevant requirements of other chapters of SNiP and special project requirements.
1.2. The technological part of the project for the installation of structures should include measures to ensure the required accuracy of installation, the spatial stability of structures during their assembly and the stability of the structure as a whole, the procedure for combining the installation of structures and technological equipment, as well as additional requirements for the performance of civil works and the manufacture of elements structures associated with local features of installation conditions.
1.3. In all cases, confirmed by relevant technical and economic calculations, installation methods with spatial self-fixation of structures, using systems of group installation equipment and with preliminary enlargement of mounted structures should be used, ensuring increased labor productivity and installation accuracy.
1.4. Before installation begins, work must be completed on setting up and accepting installation mechanisms and equipment, arranging assembly scaffolds, circles, stands, racks, supports, rolling tracks, etc.
1.5. When checking the correct choice of cranes, installation devices, equipment and installation methods, one should proceed from the number, dimensions and weight of the elements being mounted, the configuration and dimensions of the buildings and structures being erected, the temperature and climatic conditions of the construction area, as well as the requirements for ensuring the stability of the cranes.
1.6. Installation of structures should, as a rule, be carried out directly from vehicles or enlargement stands. The placement of elements on vehicles must ensure the installation sequence specified in the project.
The construction of on-site warehouses is allowed only for small elements with an appropriate feasibility study and with placement primarily in the area of operation of installation mechanisms.
1.7. In all cases justified by the work design, structures should be mounted in flat or spatial blocks, including technological, sanitary and other engineering equipment.
1.8. Delivery of structures to the construction site must be carried out under the condition that the actual strength of the concrete corresponds to the tempering strength, which is established on the basis of GOST by the manufacturer in agreement with the consumer and the design organization and is indicated in the passport.
At the construction site, conditions must be provided for the concrete to achieve its design strength by the time the structures are fully loaded.
1.9. Work on the installation of structures, welding and anti-corrosion protection of connections, as well as sealing joints and seams must be carried out under the guidance of persons with appropriate technical training.
2. ACCEPTANCE AND TRANSPORTATION OF STRUCTURES
2.1. When accepting prefabricated reinforced concrete and concrete structures arriving at a construction site, one should check the availability of a passport, compliance with the actual parameters of the structures indicated in the passport, as well as the absence of damage to the embedded, fixing and slinging devices, compliance of the quality of the structures with the requirements of standards and technical specifications or approved samples ( standards).
2.2. Constructions load-bearing frame critical structures and foundations for heavy equipment, trusses and beams with a length of 18 m or more, as well as volumetric blocks of buildings are checked individually upon acceptance. All other designs are in a selective order, in accordance with the requirements of the standard or technical specifications.
2.3. When accepting structures delivered to the construction site, their completeness must be checked, including the presence of steel parts necessary for installation connections.
2.4. Acceptance of structures must be carried out taking into account the fact that the manufacturer ensures that they are correctly placed on vehicles during release; The transporting organization is responsible for the safety of structures during transit.
2.5. When loading and unloading structures, the scheme of their slinging and location on vehicles specified in the project must be observed.
2.6. When transporting and storing structures, the following requirements must be taken into account:
a) structures should, as a rule, be in a position close to the design or convenient for transfer for installation;
b) structures must be supported by inventory pads and rectangular gaskets located in the places specified in the design; the thickness of linings and gaskets must be at least 25 mm and not less than the height of hinges and other protruding parts of structures; when loading multi-tiered structures of the same type, the linings and gaskets should be located along the same vertical line;
c) structures must be reliably strengthened to protect them from overturning, longitudinal and lateral displacement, mutual impacts between themselves or against the structure of vehicles; the fastening must ensure the possibility of unloading each element from vehicles without disturbing the stability of the others;
d) volumetric blocks of buildings, structural elements made of cellular lightweight concrete and open surfaces of insulating layers of wall panels must be protected from moisture; textured surfaces must be protected from damage, contamination and icing;
e) outlets of fittings, embedded parts and welded parts must be protected from damage;
f) the laying of structures must ensure the possibility of freely gripping and lifting them;
g) factory markings must always be available for inspection.
3. EXTENDED ASSEMBLY
3.1. The enlarged assembly of reinforced concrete and concrete structures should be carried out on stands that allow the structures to be secured and their careful alignment and straightening to be carried out during the assembly process. You should first check the dimensions of the structures being enlarged, the presence and correct location of embedded parts and channels for working reinforcement.
3.2. Integrated assembly of structures with reinforcement outlets at the joints must be carried out by checking the correct installation of the elements and the alignment of the reinforcement outlets; in this case, measures must be taken to ensure that the outlets are not bent.
If necessary, adjustments to the reinforcement outlets should be made without violating the design position of the rods and without allowing the concrete to chip. Joining bent rods and linings, unless specifically specified by the project, is prohibited.
3.3. Tensioning of reinforcement during the enlarged assembly of structures should be carried out only after the mortar in the seams reaches the strength specified in the project. The tension of the reinforcement should be checked using calibrated instruments simultaneously for force and tension.
3.4. Filling the channels during the enlarged assembly of structures should be done by injecting the solution, carried out without interruption. It is prohibited to inject the solution and keep it in the channels during negative temperature ambient air. To prepare the solution, Portland cement grade 400 and higher should be used. The use of chemical mortar hardening accelerators is not permitted.
3.5. Deviations of the actual dimensions of enlarged structures from the design ones should not exceed the values established by the relevant state standards or technical conditions for the manufacture of enlarged structures and products.
4. INSTALLATION OF STRUCTURES
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
4.1. Installation of structures is permitted only after instrumental verification of compliance with the design of the planned and height positions of foundations and other supporting elements. The inspection is documented in an act.
4.2. When installing structures, constant geodetic control must be carried out to ensure that their position corresponds to the design one. The results of geodetic control of the installation of individual sections and tiers must be documented in an as-built diagram.
4.3. During installation, the stability of structures under the influence of their own weight, installation loads and wind must be ensured, which is achieved by the correct installation sequence, compliance with the design dimensions of the support areas and interfaces, and timely installation of permanent or temporary connections and fastenings provided for in the project.
4.4. Installation of the structure must begin with a part of the building or structure that ensures its spatial rigidity and stability.
4.5. Installation of the structures of each overlying floor (tier) of a multi-story building should be carried out after complete final fastening of all structures of the underlying floor and the concrete reaching the cemented joints load-bearing structures strength specified in the design, and in the absence of such an indication - at least 70% of the design.
Note. In cases where the strength and stability of assembled structures from loads acting during installation are ensured by welding of installation connections, it is allowed, with appropriate instructions in the project, to carry out work on the installation of structures of several floors (tiers) of a building without embedding the joints. In this case, the project must provide the necessary instructions on the procedure for installing structures, welding joints and grouting joints.
4.6. Frame installation multi-storey buildings, the stability of which during the installation period is ensured by fastening to brick or block walls, must be carried out simultaneously with the construction of the walls or provided that the laying of the walls lags behind the installation of the frame by no more than one floor; the strength of the mortar in the joints of the masonry walls at the time of installation of the structures of the overlying floor must be indicated in the project.
In winter, the stability of such a frame can be ensured by temporary installation connections, if they are provided for in the project; These connections may be removed only after the walls have been erected on a given floor, the frame structures have been secured to the walls, and the mortar in the joints of the masonry walls has achieved the strength specified in the design.
4.7. The combined installation of structures and equipment must be carried out according to a technological map containing a diagram of installation tiers and zones, a schedule for lifting structures and equipment, as well as additional safety measures.
4.8. Before lifting structures you should:
a) clean the lifted, as well as previously installed adjacent structures from dirt, debris, snow, ice, and metal parts- from the influx of concrete and rust.
Note. It is not allowed to remove ice hot water, steam, sodium chloride solution; It is prohibited to use a fire method to remove ice from the surface of panels that have thermal insulation liners and contain combustible materials;
b) check the position of the embedded parts and the presence of all necessary risks;
c) equip the structures with installation scaffolds and ladders and prepare workplace to acceptance of structures, checking the availability of connecting parts and necessary auxiliary materials at the workplace;
d) check the correctness and reliability of fastening the load-handling devices.
4.9. Slinging of structures must be carried out in the places specified in the design and ensure the supply of structures to the installation (laying) site in a position corresponding to the design one. It is prohibited to sling structures in arbitrary places, as well as behind reinforcement outlets. Load-handling devices and the slinging scheme for enlarged flat and spatial blocks must ensure that the geometric dimensions and shape of these blocks remain unchanged during lifting and delivery to the installation site.
4.10. Reinforcement outlets and embedded parts should not be bent; if necessary, straightening should be done in ways that prevent violation of their design position, as well as chipping of concrete.
4.11. When lifting and feeding, jerking, swinging and rotation of structures, as well as moving them by pulling (dragging), should not be allowed.
4.12. The installation of mounted structures in the design position must be carried out according to accepted guidelines (marks, pins, stops, edges, etc.). Structures that have special mortgages or other fixing devices are installed using these devices.
4.13. Unslinging of structures installed in place is permitted only after they are securely fastened. Temporary fastening of installed structures should ensure their stability until permanent fastening is carried out, as well as the possibility of verifying the position of the structures.
4.14. Before installing permanent fastening of structures, the compliance of their location with the design and the readiness of mounting interfaces for welding and sealing of joints must be checked.
4.15. The brand and mobility of solutions used during the installation of structures are established by the project. The use of a solution whose setting process has already begun is not permitted.
Structures displaced from the mortar bed during the hardening period of the mortar must be lifted and, after cleaning the supporting surfaces of the old mortar, reinstalled on fresh mortar.
4.16. It is not allowed to install all structures in open places when the wind force is 6 points or more, and for vertical blind panels and other structures with a large windage - when the wind is 5 points or more.
4.17. The use of mounted structures for attaching lifting devices and their parts to them is permitted only in agreement with the design organization.
4.18. The following permissible deviations are established during the installation of prefabricated reinforced concrete and concrete structures of buildings and structures in mm:
1. Displacement of the axes of foundation blocks and foundation glasses relative to the alignment axes | ||||
2. Deviation of marks of the upper supporting surfaces of foundation elements | ||||
3. Deviation of the bottom marks of the foundation glasses | ||||
4. Displacement of the axes or faces of wall panels, columns and volumetric blocks in the lower section relative to the alignment axes or geometric axes of the underlying structures | ||||
5. Deviation of the axes of columns of one-story buildings and structures in the upper section from the vertical at a height of columns in m: | ||||
over 10 | 0.001, but not more than 35 | |||
6. Displacement of the axes of columns of multi-story buildings and structures in the upper section relative to the alignment axes for columns with a height of m: | ||||
over 4.5 | ||||
7. Displacement of the axes of crossbars and purlins, as well as trusses (beams) along the lower chord, relative to the geometric axes of supporting structures | ||||
8. Deviation of distances between the axes of trusses (beams) of coverings and floors at the level of the upper chords | ||||
9. Deviation of the planes of wall panels in the upper section from the vertical (by the height of the floor or tier) | ||||
10. Difference in elevations of the tops of adjacent columns or support platforms (brackets, consoles), as well as the tops of wall panels | ||||
11. The difference in elevations of the top of columns or support platforms, as well as the top of wall panels of each tier or floor within the verified area: | ||||
with contact installation | ||||
where is the serial number of the tier | ||||
when installed by beacons | ||||
12. Difference in elevations of the front surfaces of two adjacent floor slabs (coverings) at the joint | ||||
13. Displacement in plan of covering or floor slabs relative to their design position on the supporting surfaces and nodes of trusses and other load-bearing structures (along the supporting sides of the slabs) | ||||
Notes: 1. In cases of installation of structures according to special technical conditions, it is permitted, when justifying the accuracy of installation by appropriate calculations, to provide for more stringent requirements for permissible deviations in projects.
2. Permissible deviations in the dimensions of support areas and gaps between structural elements are determined by the design.
INSTALLATION OF FOUNDATIONS, COLUMNS AND FRAMES
4.19. The installation of prefabricated foundations should be carried out by combining the marks marked on them with landmarks available on the foundations or using geodetic tools.
4.20. Installation of prefabricated foundations on foundations covered with water or snow is not permitted.
4.21. Installation of prefabricated strip foundations should begin with lighthouse elements installed at the intersection of the axes of the building walls.
Ordinary elements are mounted after instrumental verification of the position of the lighthouse elements in plan and height.
4.22. Columns and frames should be installed in plan, combining the risks that fix the geometric axes in the lower section of the mounted structure with the risks:
fixing the alignment axes - when installing columns in foundation glasses or at platform-type joints;
fixing the geometric axes of the structures below - in all other cases.
Note. If there are embedded fixing devices, the installation of columns (frames) in plan is carried out using these devices.
4.23. Elevations when installing columns in foundation cups must be ensured by calibrated reinforced concrete pads, the strength of which is determined by the design, as well as by the use of special embedded fixing devices.
4.24. Bringing the top of columns or frames into the design position should be done relative to the alignment axes along two mutually perpendicular vertical planes.
In cases where during installation it is necessary to ensure full contact of the ends of the joined columns, the methods for their alignment must be clarified in the project.
4.25. When using systems of group mounting equipment (rigid or articulated conductors, etc.), the installation of columns (frames) in plan and bringing their top into the design position must be carried out using fixing equipment devices. In this case, special attention should be paid to the accuracy of installation and the rigidity of fastening the base elements.
4.26. Removal (rearrangement) of devices or installation equipment should be carried out after permanently securing columns or frames in nodes and installing connecting elements.
4.27. Installation of structures on columns resting on glass-type foundations is allowed only after the columns have been grouted in glasses and the concrete has reached the strength specified in the design, and in the absence of such instructions - not lower than 70% of the design.
Note. In some cases determined by the design, before embedding the columns in the foundation cups, it is permitted to install braces, spacers and beams along a row of columns, provided that the stability of the columns is ensured.
INSTALLATION OF WALL PANELS
4.28. The installation of wall panels (partitions) of buildings during single-row cutting should be carried out by aligning the edge of the element or the marks on it with the marks placed from the alignment axes. When multi-row cutting, the panels of the first row from the floor should be installed similarly to single-row cutting, and the panels of subsequent rows, aligning the edges of the element being installed with the edges of the underlying one.
Notes: 1. If there are sinking or protruding parts (loggias, bay windows) on the facade of the building, the installation of row panels of external load-bearing and self-supporting walls in the longitudinal direction should be carried out using the contact method, using templates and gauges.
2. When constructing the external walls of the underground part of the building, the alignment of the wall panels (blocks) in the transverse direction should be carried out below the ground level along the inner plane of the wall, and above - along the outer plane.
The height position of the wall panels should be determined by beacons or elevation marks.
Bringing the wall panels into a vertical position should be done along two edges: longitudinal and end.
4.29. Installation of wall panels and partitions mounted using group mounting equipment, consisting of stops, horizontal rod systems, etc., must be carried out using fixing devices, while ensuring rigid fastening of the base element.
4.30. Installation of wall panels that have special embedded fixing devices (pins, plates with cutouts, etc.) must be carried out using these devices.
4.31. The order of installation of external wall fencing panels that have openings must be linked to the order of installation of structures for filling these openings.
4.32. Permanent fastening of panels to columns in frame-panel buildings should be carried out immediately after installation of each panel.
4.33. When installing wall panels (blocks) with smoke and ventilation ducts, it must be ensured that these channels are aligned and the seams are carefully filled with mortar, preventing mortar and other foreign objects from getting into the channels.
INSTALLATION OF TRUSSES, BEAMS AND PLATES
4.34. The design position of trusses and beams must be ensured by combining the marks applied to the mounted and supporting structures.
4.35. The design position of beams connected to each other or to columns by end-to-end welding of reinforcement outlets must be ensured taking into account the design-required alignment of the outlets.
4.36. The correct position of the covering slabs (floors) must be controlled by checking the location of their edges relative to the surfaces and edges of the supporting structures.
4.37. When laying slabs along the upper chords of trusses and lanterns, special care should be taken to ensure that there are no unacceptable displacements of the supporting ribs of the slabs relative to the centers of the nodes of trusses and lanterns along their chords.
4.38. Single-story covering slabs industrial buildings must be installed simultaneously with trusses (beams). Following the installation of the first pair of trusses and subsequently following the installation of each successive truss, the installation of ties and covering slabs should be carried out.
Note. In some cases, due to the peculiarities of design solutions or specific construction conditions, the installation sequence may be specified in the work plan.
4.39. When laying roof slabs (floors), equal areas for resting the slabs on supporting structures must be ensured and the faces must be leveled smooth surfaces slabs
4.40. The order of laying slabs on trusses or beams should ensure the stability of the erected structure and the possibility of welding embedded parts.
4.41. Laying floor slabs of multi-storey buildings within each floor on previously installed structures is permitted only after securing these structures with permanent or temporary fastenings that ensure the absorption of installation loads.
INSTALLATION OF SPATIAL STRUCTURES
4.42. When installing prefabricated shell elements using supporting devices, the correct installation of the latter must be confirmed by instrumental testing. The permissible deviations of the supporting units of supporting devices from the design position are determined by the project.
4.43. When installing spatial coating structures without supporting devices, the structures should be unfastened after checking the correctness of their position and welding the overlays and embedded parts at the interface units in accordance with the design.
4.44. Unwinding of assembled spatial structures and removal of all mounting retaining devices from enlarged structures should be done after welding work has been completed and the concrete has reached the strength specified in the design. In the absence of such instructions, unwinding and removal of all mounting retaining devices is permitted only after the concrete has reached the strength corresponding to the design grade.
4.45. When installing spatial structures using supporting devices, the latter should be loaded with precast reinforced concrete elements evenly and symmetrically relative to the axes and center of the entire structure.
4.46. The installation of volumetric blocks of residential and public buildings in the plan should be carried out according to the risks of the installation axes, marked during the floor breakdown on special marks. The installation of volumetric blocks relative to the vertical must be done in two mutually perpendicular planes.
When installing volumetric blocks, the connection of the outlets of the utilities located in them must be ensured.
4.47. Volumetric blocks of buildings must be protected from precipitation during installation.
INSTALLATION BY METHOD OF LIFTING FLOORS
4.48. When constructing buildings using the method of lifting floors (floors), large-sized prefabricated reinforced concrete slabs, manufactured in the form of a package, must be checked for the correctness of their dimensions, the presence of design gaps between columns and slab collars, and the cleanliness of the design holes for securing lifting rods.
4.49. Before lifting begins, lifting equipment, communication and signaling equipment must be installed and tested, conductors for building up columns must be installed, and protective equipment for pipelines and electrical wiring must be installed.
4.50. The lifting equipment used must ensure uniform lifting of floor slabs relative to all columns. The vertical deviation of individual support points on the columns during the lifting process should not exceed the span and be no more than 20 mm.
4.51. The first tier of columns should be installed before the production of the package of floor slabs begins. Columns should be installed with collars pre-hung on them.
4.52. When installing lifts on the head of columns or on embedded pins in the girth of a column, ensure that the axes of the lift and the column are parallel. The displacement of the lift axes relative to the geometric axes of the column should not exceed 2 mm.
4.53. Raising floors (floors) should be carried out after the concrete slabs reach the strength specified in the design, and in the absence of such instructions - at least 70% of the design strength.
4.54. Raising floors (floors) must be carried out in the sequence specified wiring diagram. The flexibility of columns during lifting should not exceed 120; For this purpose, the design should provide for temporary fastening of the slabs to the stiffening core and columns.
4.55. Slabs raised to design level must be secured with permanent fastenings; at the same time, acts of intermediate acceptance of completed structures are drawn up.
4.56. Before lifting completely finished floors, the joints of all structures, except those adjacent to the stiffening core and columns, must be welded and cemented with the installation of sealants. The sealant is laid in the upper horizontal seams of the walls before the last rise of the floors to the design position.
5. WELDING AND ANTI-CORROSION COATING OF EMBODIED AND CONNECTING PARTS
5.1. When welding embedded and connecting parts, as well as fittings, types and brands of electrodes, modes and welding techniques must be used that ensure normal penetration, good formation of seams and the absence of pores and cracks in them. In this case, the design features of units and connections, the type and thickness of the anti-corrosion protective layer must be taken into account.
5.2. The structural elements to be welded must first be cleaned of mortar, rust, paint, grease stains and other contaminants and dried.
5.3. If electrodes are stored for a long time (more than 3 months) in a warehouse or stored for more than 5 days at the work site, as well as if moisture is detected in the electrode coating, regardless of the storage period, the electrodes used for welding should be calcined.
5.4. When performing welding and anti-corrosion hot work, combustible structures and objects must be protected from heat and sparks. Hot work areas on this and the underlying tiers must be cleared of flammable materials within a radius of at least 5 m.
5.5. It is not allowed to make any changes to the design of welded assemblies and joints, as well as to use linings, gaskets or inserts not provided for by the project without agreement with the design organization.
5.6. Anti-corrosion coating of welded seams, as well as areas of embedded parts and connections, must be carried out in all places where the factory coating was damaged during installation and welding. If necessary, the factory coating should also be adjusted to the designed thickness.
5.7. Immediately before applying anti-corrosion coatings, the protected surfaces of embedded parts, connections and welds must be cleaned of residual welding slag and soot and prepared to ensure strong mutual adhesion, depending on the coating application method used.
5.8. When applying anti-corrosion coatings, special care must be taken to ensure that the corners and sharp edges of the parts are covered with a protective layer.
5.9. The quality of anti-corrosion coatings must be checked: structure and continuity - by external inspection; adhesion strength - using the lattice cut method, coating thickness - using a magnetic thickness gauge.
5.10. Inspection and acceptance of welded joints must be carried out in accordance with GOST for technical requirements and test methods for welded embedded parts and fittings.
5.11. Data on produced welding work and anti-corrosion protection of connections are entered into the logs of welding and anti-corrosion work (Appendices 1 and 2). The specified works are formalized by acts of inspection of hidden works.
6. CALMING AND SEALING JOINTS AND SEAMS
6.1. When sealing joints and seams, the following must be ensured:
a) strength, solidity and frost resistance of concrete (mortar) in joints;
b) resistance of joints and seams against mechanical damage and corrosion;
c) the required resistance of joints and seams to heat transfer, air, vapor and moisture permeability.
6.2. Sealing of joints with mortar or concrete mixture should be carried out after verifying the correct installation of structures, acceptance of welded joints and performance of anti-corrosion work.
6.3. Concrete mixtures and mortars for sealing joints should be prepared using quick-hardening Portland cement or Portland cement grade 400 and higher.
The brand of concrete or mortar must be indicated in the project. In the absence of such instructions, the grade of concrete for joints that absorb design forces and also ensure the rigidity of the structure must be not lower than the grade of concrete of the structures.
Joints that cannot withstand the design forces are sealed with a solution of a grade of at least 50.
6.4. When sealing joints, the method of mechanical injection of mortar (concrete mixture) should be preferably used.
6.5. The strength of the mortar or concrete in the joints at the time of stripping must correspond to that specified in the design, and in the absence of such an indication, it must be at least 50% of the design grade.
Before loading the joint with the design load, the strength of the concrete (mortar) must correspond to the design grade.
6.6. When monitoring the quality of concrete (mortar), as well as the concrete curing regime, the requirements of the chapter of SNiP for the production and acceptance of work on concrete and reinforced concrete monolithic structures must be met. Data on sealing joints is entered into the joint concreting log (Appendix 3).
6.7. Methods of sealing and sealing joints and seams in winter conditions, methods of pre-heating mating surfaces and warming up grouted joints, duration and temperature and humidity conditions of curing concrete (mortar), methods of insulating joints, timing and procedure for stripping and loading structures are determined by the work project.
6.8. Work on sealing joints and seams with mastic materials should begin after permanent connection of embedded parts in mating units, their anti-corrosion protection, installation of design hydro- and thermal insulation and embedding.
6.9. For sealing, mastics and gaskets must be used, provided by the project and meeting the requirements of standards and technical specifications. Replacement of mastics and gaskets is allowed only in agreement with the design organization.
6.10. The use of sealing gaskets without first applying sealing mastics and adhesives to them is not allowed.
6.11. Sealing mastic laid in joints should be protected immediately after its installation with mortar or materials that create coatings on the surface of the mastic that protect it from adverse external influences.
6.12. Before sealing, the surfaces of joints and seams should be thoroughly cleaned of mortar and dirt, and in winter, also of snow and ice.
6.13. Application of sealing mastics to wet surfaces that have not been previously primed with special compounds is not allowed.
6.14. The quality control work for sealing joints and seams should include checking the quality of preparation of surfaces for sealing, the correct dosage and mixing of components and heating of the mastic, layer thickness, contact width and continuity of sealant application, the degree of compression of elastic gaskets, the tightness of the abutment of gaskets and mastics to the joints. surfaces, adhesion values of mastics.
Sealing of joints and seams should be under the control of a construction laboratory. Basic sealing data is recorded in the journal (Appendix 4).
7. ACCEPTANCE OF WORK
7.1. Acceptance of installation work is carried out in order to check the quality of installation and the readiness of the structure under construction for subsequent types of work.
7.2. When accepting installation work, it is necessary to check the correct installation of structures, the quality of welding and sealing of joints and seams, the safety of structures and their finishing.
7.3. Acceptance of installation work is carried out after securing all structural components with design fastenings. During the acceptance process, the following are carried out: physical examination of the structure, joints and seams, control measurements, and, if necessary, production and laboratory tests.
7.4. Acceptance of assembled structures of a building (structure) for subsequent work is carried out after completion of installation of all structures or individual parts of the building within the limits between expansion or settlement joints. Acceptance is formalized by an act.
7.5. When accepting installed structures, the following documents must be presented:
a) working drawings of mounted structures;
b) passports for prefabricated structures or their elements;
c) certificates for materials used during installation;
d) certificates for electrodes used in welding;
e) as-built diagrams for instrumental verification of the position of structures with the drawing on them of all deviations from the design allowed during the installation process and agreed upon with the design organization;
f) work logs;
g) acts of intermediate acceptance of installed critical structures;
h) certificates of inspection of hidden work;
i) documentation on the results of testing the quality of welding and embedding of joints;
j) an inventory of diplomas (certificates) of welders who worked during the installation of structures.
APPENDIX 1. WELDING JOURNAL
ANNEX 1
Completion date | Name- | Place or N (according to the drawing or diagram) joining | Mark on delivery and acceptance of the unit for welding | Certificate numbers | Type of current and polarity | Atmospheric conditions (air temperature, wind speed, precipitation) | Last name and initials of the welder, N | Last name and initials of the responsible person | Weld signatures | Signature of acceptance | Notes on control |
APPENDIX 2. JOURNAL OF ANTI-CORROSION PROTECTION OF WELDED JOINTS
APPENDIX 2
Completion date | Name- | Place or number (according to the drawing or diagram) joining | Mark on delivery and acceptance of the unit under anti- | Mate- | Atmos- | Operator's last name and initials | Last name and initials of the responsible person | Result | Signature opera- | Signatures on the adoption of anti-corrosive | Replacement |
APPENDIX 3. JOURNAL OF CONCRETE JOINTS
APPENDIX 3
Concrete date | Name of joints, location or N according to drawing or diagram | Specified grades of concrete and working composition of the concrete mixture | Outdoor temperature | Temperature of preheating elements in nodes | Tempe- | Test result of control samples | Date of stripping | Last name and initials of the performer | Replacement |
APPENDIX 4. JOURNAL OF SEALING JOINTS AND SEAMS
APPENDIX 4
Production date | Type of seam (horizontal) | Location of the seam according to the drawing or diagram | Tempe- | Weather conditions (fog, precipitation, etc.) | Deviations in geometric dimensions of seams | Method of laying sealant | Name of the responsible executor and his signature | Signature on acceptance of work | Comments (of the work contractor, etc.) |
Electronic document text
prepared by Kodeks JSC and verified against:
official publication
M.: Stroyizdat, 1979
STATE COMMITTEE OF THE USSR COUNCIL OF MINISTERS FOR CONSTRUCTION (Gosstroy USSR)
BUILDING REGULATIONS
Part III, section B
CONCRETE AND REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES MONOLITHIC RULES FOR PRODUCTION AND ACCEPTANCE OF WORK
SNiP III-B.1-70
s&meien SN*P )
