Automated instrumentation system- a system of interconnected elements, including areas for tool preparation, transportation, accumulation, tool changing and quality control, ensuring preparation, storage, automatic installation and replacement of tools. ASIO (cr. f.). GOST 26228-85
Automated-manual machine- a machine in which the movement of the tool occurs with the help of the energy of inanimate nature; the movement of the processed object relative to the tool is performed by people who fully (partially) exercise control. GOST 23004-78
Automatic adaptation- a device that is an automatic technical device. GOST 23004-78
Automatic turning operation- an operation performed on a horizontal lathe or vertical lathe or semi-automatic machine. GOST 17420-72
Auto operator - automatic machine, consisting of an actuator in the form of a manipulator or a combination of a manipulator and a movement device and a non-reprogrammable control device. GOST 25686-85
Unit -Aggregate- an assembly unit that has complete interchangeability, the ability to be assembled separately from other components of the product or the product as a whole, and the ability to perform a specific function in the product or independently. GOST 23887-79
Aggregate industrial robot- an industrial robot in which at least the actuator is made by aggregating from parts, assemblies and assemblies included in a unified set for building certain modifications of industrial robots. Notes: 1. A unified set is a set of standardized components for assembly by selecting them and different arrangements of an established group of products for various purposes. 2. Included in the actuator industrial robot, manufactured by aggregation, additionally includes power supply and control circuits, if they are not provided for in the design of components and assemblies included in the unified set. GOST 25686-85
Base -Base- a surface, or a combination of surfaces that performs the same function, an axis, a point belonging to a workpiece or product and used for basing. Reference surface (NDP). GOST 21495-76
Base -DatumFeature- an element of a part (or a combination of elements that performs the same function), defining one of the planes or axes of the coordinate system, in relation to which the location tolerance is specified or the deviation of the location of the element in question is determined. GOST 24642-81
Based -Locating- giving the workpiece or product the required position relative to the selected coordinate system. GOST 21495-76
Basic part -BaseComponent- a part from which the assembly of a product begins, attaching assembly units or other parts to it. GOST 23887-79
Baseline -ReferenceLine- a line of a given geometric shape, drawn in a certain way relative to the profile and used to estimate the geometric parameters of the surface; a given line, relative to which the profile parameters are determined. Note. This line is not necessarily on the base surface. GOST 25 142-82
Base surface- a surface of a given geometric shape, drawn in a certain way relative to the surface and used to estimate the geometric parameters of the surface. GOST 25 142-82
Basic assembly unit -BaseAssemblyUnit- an assembly unit from which the assembly of a product begins, attaching parts or other assembly units to it. GOST 23887-79
Balancing mandrel -Mandrel (BalancingArbor) - Balanced shaft on which the product to be balanced is mounted Balancing shaft; auxiliary shaft; spindle (NDP). GOST 19534-74
Beating -Beats- oscillations, the range of which is a periodically fluctuating value and which are the result of the addition of two harmonic vibrations with similar frequencies. Runout (NDP). GOST 24346-80
High speed tool - High-speed steelcutting tool -
Steel cutting tool with high-speed steel blades. GOST 25751-83
Probability of no-failure operation of technological system as related to products (output, costs) parameters - Probability that within a given operating time there will be no failure of the technological system according to parameters manufactured products (performance parameters, costs). GOST 27.004-85
The probability of the technological system completing the task isProbabilityOfAchievementOfGoalByTechnologicalSys Tem- the likelihood that the volume of production of suitable products by the technological system and the costs of its production during the considered time interval will comply with the requirements of regulatory and technical and (or) design and technological documentation. Probability of task completion (cr. f.). GOST 27.004-85
Probability of the technological system fulfilling the target for output volume -ProbabilityOfAchievementOfGoalByTechnologicalSystemAsRelatedToOutput- the probability that the volume of production of suitable products by the technological system during the considered time interval will be no less than the specified one. Probability of fulfilling the target in terms of output volume (cr. f.). GOST 27.004-85
Mutual grinding- lapping of two parts functioning in a product in pairs, in which each of these parts serves as lapping. GOST 23505-79
Type of production- classification category of production, distinguished on the basis of the applied method of manufacturing the product. Note. Examples of types of production are foundry, welding, etc. GOST 14.004-83
Type of technical condition -DegreeOfProductAvailabil Ity- category of technical condition, characterized by compliance or non-compliance of the quality of the object with a certain technical requirements, established by the technical documentation for this object. Notes: 1. There are types of technical condition: serviceability and malfunction, operability and inoperability, correct functioning and incorrect functioning. 2. The functioning of an object should be understood as the execution of the functioning algorithm prescribed for the object when using the object for its intended purpose. GOST 20911-75
Workplace service time -TimeForMachineServicing- part of the piece time spent by the contractor on maintaining technological equipment in working condition and caring for them and the workplace. GOST 3.1109-82
Auxiliary maintenance time -
Part of the operational time spent by the contractor on preparing an object for maintenance (repair) and restoring the original position of parts of the object after completion of maintenance. GOST 21623-76
Auxiliary production- production of means necessary to ensure the functioning of the main production. GOST 14.004-83
Auxiliary transition -AuxiliaryStep- a completed part of a technological operation, consisting of human and (or) equipment actions that are not accompanied by a change in the properties of objects of labor, but are necessary to complete the technological transition. Note. Examples of auxiliary transitions are securing a workpiece, changing a tool, etc. GOST 3.1109-82
Cutting- cutting processing, which consists in separating the workpiece as a part from the whole along two or more of its sides. GOST 25761-83
Felling- complete separation of the workpiece or products from the original workpiece according to closed loop by shift. GOST 18970-84 Main component of cutting force- component of the cutting force, coinciding in direction with the speed of the main cutting movement at the tip of the blade. GOST 25762-83
The main cutting movement isPrimaryMotion- rectilinear translational or rotational movement of a workpiece or cutting tool, occurring at the highest speed during the cutting process. Note. The main cutting movement can be part of a complex shaping movement, for example, when turning a thread. Main movement (cr. f.). GOST 25762-83
Fastener head -Head- part of a fastener having a rod, which serves to transmit torque and (or) form a supporting surface. Head (cr. f.). GOST 27017-86
Group technological operation- a technological operation of joint production of a group of products with different design, but common technological features. Group operation (cr. f.). GOST 3.1109-82
Group production- production characterized by the joint production or repair of groups of products with different design, but common technological features. GOST 14.004-83
Group technological process- technological process of manufacturing a group of products with different design, but common technological features Group process (cr. f.). GOST 3.1109-82
Feed movement -FeedMotion- rectilinear translational or rotational movement of a cutting tool or workpiece, the speed of which is less than the speed of the main cutting movement, designed to spread the separation of a layer of material over the entire processed surface. Notes: 1. The processed surface is understood as the surface of the workpiece, which is partially or completely removed during processing. 2. The machined surface refers to the surface formed on the workpiece as a result of processing. 3. The feed movement can be continuous or intermittent. Intermittent feed motion can occur during breaks in the cutting process. 4. The feed movement can be part of a complex forming movement, for example, when grinding a thread. 5. Depending on the direction of the feed movement, the following feed movements are distinguished: longitudinal, transverse, etc. Innings (NDP). GOST 25762-83
Double guide base -DoubleGuidingBase- a base used to impose connections on a workpiece or product, depriving them of four degrees of freedom of movement along two coordinate axes and rotations around these axes. GOST 21495-76
Double support base -DoubleRestingBase- a base used to impose connections on a workpiece or product, depriving them of two degrees of freedom - movements along two coordinate axes. GOST 21495-76
Wood cutting tool -Wood- CuttingTool- cutting tools for processing wood and wood materials. GOST 25751-83
Detail- a product made from a material that is homogeneous by name and brand without the use of assembly operations. GOST 2.101-68
Dynamic vibration damping -DynamicAbsorbingVi Bration- a method of vibration protection by attaching a system to the protected object, the reactions of which reduce the scope of vibration of the object at the points of connection of the system. Dynamic vibration damping (cr. f.). GOST 24346-80
Disc cutting tool- a cutting tool in the form of a body of rotation, the axial length of which is less than its diameter. GOST 25751-83
Tolerance- the difference between the largest and smallest limit sizes or the absolute value of the algebraic difference between the upper and lower deviations. GOST 25256-82 Axis intersection tolerance- 1) tolerance in diametrical terms - twice the maximum permissible value of deviation from the intersection of axes, 2) tolerance in radial terms - the maximum permissible value of deviation from the intersection of axes. GOST 24642-81
Perpendicularity tolerance- the largest permissible deviation from perpendicularity. GOST 24642-81
Stock tolerance- the difference between the largest and smallest values of the allowance size. GOST 3.1109-82
Straightness tolerance -StraightnessTolerance- the largest permissible deviation from straightness. GOST 24642-81
Size tolerance- the difference between the largest and smallest limit sizes. GOST 7713-62
Location tolerance -ToleranceOfPosition- limit limiting the permissible value of location deviation. GOST 24642-81
Alignment tolerance -CoaxialityTolerance- 1) tolerance in diametrical terms - twice the maximum permissible value of deviation from alignment; 2) tolerance in radius terms - the largest permissible value of deviation from alignment. GOST 24642-81
Unified system of technological preparation of production- a system for organizing and managing technological preparation of production, regulated by state standards. ECTPP (cr. f.). GOST 14.004-83
Single production- production characterized by a small volume of production of identical products, the re-production and repair of which, as a rule, is not provided. Individual production (NDP). GOST 14.004-83
Single technological process- technological process of manufacturing or repairing a product of the same name, standard size and design, regardless of the type of production. Unit process (cr. f.). Special technological process (NDP). GOST 3.1109-82
Blank- an object of labor from which a part is made by changing the shape, size, surface properties and (or) material. GOST 3.1109-82
The task of technological preparation of production- a completed part of the work as part of a certain function of technological preparation of production. The task of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry (cr. f.). GOST 14.004-83
Machine fixture clamp -ClampOfTheMachineRetainingDevice- machine tool mechanism for securing the workpiece. Clamp SP (cr. f.). GOST 31.010.01-84
Closed stamp- a stamp in which the formation of a stamping flash is not provided. GOST 15830-84
Product- any item or set of production items to be manufactured at the enterprise. GOST 2.101-68
Tool -Tool- technological equipment designed to influence the object of labor in order to change its condition. Note. The condition of the subject of labor is determined using measures and (or) measuring instrument. GOST 3.1109-82
Tool head- a prefabricated cutting tool, which provides for adjusting the size of the working part by moving knives or abrasive bars. GOST 25751-83
Tool production- production of technological equipment. GOST 14.004-83
Major renovation- repairs performed to restore serviceability and complete or close to full restoration of the life of the product with the replacement or restoration of any of its parts, including basic ones. Note. The value close to the full resource is established in the regulatory and technical documentation. GOST 18322-78
Combination cutting tool- a bladed tool, which is a combination of bladed tools different types with a common fastening part. Note. An example of a combined cutting tool is: drill - countersink, drill-tap, etc. GOST 25751-83
Cutting tool body -ToolBody- part of the cutting tool that carries all its elements. Frame (cr. f.). GOST 25751-83
Machine tool body -BodyOfTheMachineRetainingDevice- the main part of the machine tool with bases for installing the machine tool on a metal-cutting and (or) woodworking machine. SP building (cr. f.). GOST 31.010.01-84
Coefficient of change in the state of mechanization of the technological process- the ratio of the coefficient of change of non-overlaid machine time to the coefficient of change of total manual time. Coefficient of change in mechanization state (cr. f.). GOST 23004-78
Coefficient of change in the level of total manual time- the ratio of the value of the level of total manual time after mechanization or automation of living labor to its value in the initial state. GOST 23004-78
Coefficient of change in piece time- the ratio of the value of piece time in the initial state to its value after mechanization or automation of technological processes or their systems. GOST 23004-78
Piece time composition coefficient- the ratio of total manual time to total machine time. GOST 23004-78
Accuracy coefficient of the original workpiece- the ratio of the mass of the forging or stamped blank to the mass of the original blank used for the manufacture of the forging or stamped blank. GOST 18970-84
Piece time coefficient- the ratio of the time spent on the direct execution by one or several multi-machine workers of a technological operation at the workplace in question to the sum of the same costs for all technological operations performed during multi-machine maintenance. GOST 3.1109-82
Mounting part of cutting tool- part of a cutting tool for its installation and (or) fastening in technological equipment or fixtures. Fastening part (cr. f.). GOST 25751-83
Mass production- production characterized by a large volume of products that are continuously manufactured or repaired over a long period of time, during which one work operation is performed at most workplaces. Note. The coefficient of consolidation of operations in accordance with GOST 3.1121-84 for mass production is taken equal to 1. GOST 14.004-83
Material- the initial subject of labor consumed to produce a product. GOST 3.1109-82
Mechanical engineering production- production with the predominant use of mechanical engineering technology methods in the production of products. GOST 14.004-83
Mechanical restoration- processing by pressure or cutting. GOST 3.1109-82
Multi-blade tool -Multi- PointCuttingTool - A bladed tool whose blades are arranged in the direction of the main cutting movement in series. GOST 25751-83
Multi-seat machine fixture- machine tool for simultaneous installation of several workpieces. Multi-seat joint venture (cr. f.). GOST 31.010.01-84
Multi-position machine fixture- a machine tool in which the workpiece is processed in a given operation with a change in position. Multi-position joint venture (cr. f.). GOST 31.010.01-84
Setup -Setting- Up- preparation of technological equipment and technological equipment for performing a technological operation. Note. Setup includes installing a device, switching speed or feed, setting the set temperature, etc. GOST 3.1109-82
Guide part of the machine tool - Guide of the machine retaining device - an integral part of the machine tool for reducing the elastic movements of the cutting tool or giving it a certain position relative to the workpiece during processing. Note. Examples of SP guide parts are jig bushings and copiers. Guide part SP (cr. f.). GOST 31.010.01-84
Permanent stamp- a stamp assembled from components and parts used only in this stamp. GOST 15830-84
Standard time- regulated time for performing a certain amount of work in certain production conditions by one or more performers of appropriate qualifications. GOST 3.1109-82
Production rate- a regulated amount of work that must be performed per unit of time under certain organizational and technical conditions by one or more performers of appropriate qualifications. GOST 3.1109-82
Operating time norm- the time standard for performing a technological operation, which is an integral part of the piece time standard and consists of the sum of the main time standards and the auxiliary time that is not covered by it. GOST 3.1109-82 Basic time norm- the standard of time to achieve the immediate goal of a given technological operation or transition to a qualitative and (or) quantitative change in the subject of labor. GOST 3.1109-82
Standard preparatory and final time - The standard time for preparing workers and means of production to perform a technological operation and bringing them to their original state after its completion. GOST 3.1109-82
Standard piece time- standard time for completing a volume of work equal to a standardization unit when performing a technological operation GOST 3.1109-82
Treatment- an action aimed at changing the properties of the object of labor when performing a technical process. GOST 3.1109-82
Pressure treatment- processing consisting of plastic deformation or separation of the material. Note: The separation of the material occurs by pressure without the formation of chips. GOST 3.1109-82
Machining- processing consisting in the formation of new surfaces by separating the surface layers of the material with the formation of chips. Note. The formation of surfaces is accompanied by deformation and destruction of the surface layers of the material. GOST 3.1109-82
Operational description of the technological process - A complete description of all technological operations in the sequence of their execution, indicating transitions and technological modes. Operational description of the process (cr. f.). Operational Statement (NDP). GOST 3.1109-82
Machine tool support -SupportOfTheMa ChineRetainingDevice- an integral part of a machine tool with load-bearing surfaces that mate with the bases of the installed workpiece. Support C/7 (cr. f.). GOST 31.010.01-84
Support base -RestingBase- a base used to impose connections on a workpiece or product that deprive them of one degree of freedom - movement along one coordinate axis or rotation around an axis. GOST 21495-76
Pilot production- production of samples, batches or series of products for testing research work or development of designs and technological documentation for established production. GOST 14.004-83
Organization of technological preparation of production - Formation of the structure of technological preparation of production and preparation of information, mathematical and technical support necessary to perform the functions of technological preparation of production. Organization of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry (cr. f.). GOST 14.004-83
Primary production- production of commercial products. GOST 14.004-83
The main indicator of mechanization of technological processes- an indicator of mechanization of technological processes for a general assessment of the quality of mechanization at a certain stage of its implementation, established in the regulatory and technical documentation. The main indicator of mechanization (cr. f.). GOST 23004-78 Failure of a technological system at a cost -Techno LogicalSystemFailureAsRelatedToCosts- failure of the technological system, as a result of which the value of at least one parameter of material or cost costs does not correspond to the values established in the technical documentation. Cost refusal (cr. f.). GOST 27.004-85
Failure of the technological system according to product parameters -TechnologicalSystemFailureAsRelatedToProductsParame Ters- failure of the technological system, as a result of which the value of at least one parameter or quality indicator of the manufactured product does not meet the requirements established in the regulatory, technical and (or) design and technological documentation. Refusal due to product parameters (cr. f.). GOST 27.004-85
Failure of the technological system in terms of performance -TechnologicalSystemFailureAsRelatedToOutput- failure of the technological system, as a result of which the value of at least one performance parameter of the technological system does not correspond to the values established in the regulatory, technical and (or) design documentation. Performance Failure (cr. f.). GOST 27.004-85
Open stamp- a stamp in which the formation of a stamping flash is provided. GOST 15830-84
Installation error -SettingError- deviation of the actually achieved position of the workpiece or product during installation from the required one. GOST 21495-76
Adjustment -Resetting- additional adjustment of technological equipment and (or) technological equipment when performing a technological operation to restore the parameter values achieved during adjustment. GOST 3.1109-82
Tolerance field- range of size values, limited by maximum sizes; it is determined by the size of the tolerance and its location relative to the nominal size. GOST 7713-62 Location tolerance field -ToleranceZoneOfPosition - An area in space or a given plane, within which there must be an adjacent element or axis, center, plane of symmetry within the normalized area; the width or diameter of the tolerance field is determined by the tolerance value, and the location relative to the bases is determined by the nominal location of the element in question. GOST 24642-81
Total tolerance field of shape and location- an area in space or on a given surface, within which all points of the real surface must be located within the normalized area. GOST 24642-81
Complete machine time - part of piece time, equal to the operating time of technological equipment when using the energy of inanimate nature together with the energy of people and without it. Machine time nya (cr. f.). GOST 23004-78
Semifinished- an object of labor that is subject to further processing at the consumer enterprise. GOST 3.1109-82
Line production- production, characterized by the location of technological equipment and the sequence of operations of the technological process and a certain interval for the production of products. GOST 14.004-83
Device- Fixture - technological equipment intended for installation or direction of an object of labor or tool when performing a technological operation. GOST 3.1109-82
Manufacturing process- the totality of all actions of people and tools necessary at a given enterprise for the manufacture and repair of products. GOST 14.004-83
Production structure- composition of workshops and services of the enterprise, indicating the connections between them. GOST 14.004-83
Production area- a group of jobs organized according to the principle: subject, technological or subject-technological. GOST 14.004-83
Operating state of the technological system - Serviceable condition of technological system - a state of a technological system in which the values of parameters and (or) quality indicators of manufactured products, productivity, material and cost costs for manufacturing products meet the requirements established in the regulatory, technical and (or) design and technological documentation. Notes: 1. Performance parameters include: nominal and cyclic productivity, piece time, etc. 2. Material and cost parameters include: consumption of raw materials, materials, energy, tools, cost of maintenance and repair, etc. GOST 27.004-85
Workplace- an elementary unit of the enterprise structure, where the performers of the work, serviced technological equipment, part of the conveyor, equipment and labor items are located for a limited time. Note. The definition of a workplace is given in relation to engineering production; the definition of a workplace used in other sectors of the national economy is established by GOST 19605-74. GOST 14.004-83
Cutting the material- division of material into separate workpieces. GOST 3.1109-82
Rastsekhovka- development of inter-shop technological routes for all components of the product. GOST 14.004-83
Cutting mode- a set of values for cutting speed, feed or feed speed and depth of cut. GOST 25762-83
Repair manufacturability of the product design- manufacturability of the product design for all types of repairs, except current ones. Repairability (cr. f.). GOST 14.205-83 Manual time- part of the piece time spent by people when performing a technological operation without the use of technological equipment. GOST 23004-78
Manual fixture- a device that is a hand-held technical device. Note. A device is a technical device that is attached to a machine or used independently for mounting and, if necessary, securing production items when performing technological operations. GOST 23004-78
Hand tool- a tool that is a hand-held technical device. Notes: 1. A tool is a technical device used as a tool of a machine or a person to directly change or determine a state, as well as to install another tool in the machine. 2. When restoring the working properties of hand, mechanized-hand or mechanized tools and installing them in a working position, in addition to human labor, the energy of inanimate nature can be used. GOST 23004-78 Assembly- formation of connections between the component parts of the product. GOST 3.1109-82
Prefabricated cutting tool- cutting tool with detachable connection its parts and elements. Prefabricated tool (cr. f.). GOST 25751-83
Assembly unit- product. The component parts of which are subject to interconnection at the manufacturing plant by assembly operations (screwing, joining, riveting, welding, soldering, crimping, flaring, gluing, stitching, laying, etc.), for example, a car, a machine tool, a telephone set, a welded frame. GOST 2.101-68
Assembly operation -AssemblyOperation- technological operation of installation and formation of connections of component parts of a workpiece or product. GOST 23887-79
Mass production - production characterized by the manufacture or repair of products in periodically repeating batches. Notes: 1. Depending on the number of products in a batch or series and the value of the consolidation coefficient of operations, small-scale, medium-scale and large-scale production are distinguished. 2. The coefficient of consolidation of operations in accordance with GOST 3.1121-84 is taken equal to: for small-scale production - over 20 to 40 inclusive; for medium-scale production - over 10 to 20 inclusive; for large-scale production - over 1 to 10 inclusive. GOST 14.004-83
Shaft system- a set of fits in which the maximum deviations of the shafts are the same (with the same accuracy class and the same nominal size), and different fits are achieved by changing the maximum deviations of the holes; in all standard fits of the shaft system, the upper deviation of the shaft is zero. This shaft is called the main shaft. GOST 7713-62
Hole system- a set of fits in which the maximum deviations of the holes are the same (with the same accuracy class and the same nominal size), and different fits are achieved by changing the maximum deviations of the shafts. In all standard hole system fits, the lower hole deviation is zero. This hole is called the main hole. GOST 7713-62
Machine tool system -SystemOfTheMa ChineRetainingDevice- a set of machine tools and their components necessary and sufficient for the functioning of a workshop, enterprise or industry, interacting in accordance with the requirements established in the regulatory and technical documentation. SP system (cr. f.). GOST 31.010.01-84
System of technological preparation of enterprise production- a system for organizing and managing technological preparation of production, established by the regulatory and technical documentation of the enterprise in accordance with state standards of the ECTPP and industry standards. GOST 14.004-83
Compound cutting tool- a cutting tool with an integral connection of its parts and elements. Note. A composite cutting tool can be welded, glued, or soldered. Composite tool (cr. f.). GOST 25751-83
Specialized workplace- a workplace that is intended for the manufacture or repair of one product or group of products with general adjustment and individual sub-adjustments over a long period of time. GOST 3.1109-82
Specialized machine tool- machine tool for installing similar workpieces. Note. Workpieces belonging to the same classification group, distinguished based on the similarity of design and technological characteristics, are called blanks of the same type. Specialized joint venture (cr. f.). GOST 31.010.01-84
Special machine tool -SpecialMachineRetainingDevice- machine tool for installing workpieces of the same standard size. Special joint venture (cr. f.). GOST 31.010.01-84
Technological equipment- a set of production tools necessary for the implementation of the technological process. Equipment (cr. f.). GOST 3.1109-82
Technological preparation period for production- time interval from the beginning to the end of technological preparation for the production of a product. Chamber of Commerce and Industry term (cr. f.). GOST 14.004-83
Machine tool -MachineRetainingDevice - A device used on a metal-cutting and (or) woodworking machine. JV (cr. f.). GOST 31.010.01-84
Tariff schedule- a scale that determines the relationship between wages per unit of time and labor qualifications, taking into account the type of work and the conditions of its implementation. GOST 3.1109-82
Heat treatment- processing, which consists in changing the structure and properties of the workpiece material due to thermal influences. GOST 3.1109-82
Technical operation- part of the operation, including transportation, storage, maintenance and repair of the product. GOST 25866-83
Technical diagnostics - Technical diagnosis -
The process of determining the technical condition of a diagnostic object with a certain accuracy. Notes: 1. The result of diagnostics (technical diagnosis) is a conclusion about the technical condition of the object, indicating, if necessary, the location, type and cause of the defect (defects). 2. When diagnosing, one should distinguish between working influences that are applied to the object during its operation, and test influences on the object, which are applied to the object only for diagnostic purposes. Diagnosis (cr. f.). GOST 20911-75
Maintenance- a set of operations or an operation to maintain the functionality or serviceability of a product when used for its intended purpose, waiting, storage and transportation. Preventative maintenance; technical care (NDP). GOST 18322-78
Technical condition- a set of properties of an object subject to change during production or operation, characterized at a certain point in time by signs established by the technical documentation for this object. Note. Types of technical condition are serviceability, operability, malfunction, inoperability, etc. GOST 19919-74
Technological base- a surface, combination of surfaces, axis or point used to determine the position of an object of labor during the manufacturing process. Note. A surface, a combination of surfaces, an axis or a point belongs to the object of labor. GOST 3.1109-82
Technological base -TechnologicalBase- a base used to determine the position of a workpiece or product during manufacture or repair. Installation base (NDP). GOST 21495-76
Technological readiness of production- availability at the enterprise of complete sets of design and technological documentation and technological equipment necessary to implement a given volume of product output with established technical and economic indicators. Technological readiness (cr. f.). GOST 14.004-83
Technological standard- regulated value of the technological process indicator. GOST 3.1109-82
Technological operation -Operation- a completed part of the technological process performed at one workplace. Operation (cr. f.). GOST 3.1109-82
Technological equipment -Tooling- means of technological equipment that complement technological equipment for performing a certain part of the technological process. Note. Examples of manufacturing equipment are cutting tools, dies, fixtures, gauges, molds, models, casting molds, core boxes, etc. Snaps (cr. f.). GOST 3.1109-82
Technological preparation of production- a set of measures to ensure the technological readiness of production. Chamber of Commerce and Industry f.). GOST 14.004-83
Technological continuity of the product- a set of product properties that characterize the unity of applicability and repeatability of technological methods for producing components and their structural elements related to products of this classification group. Technological continuity (cr. f.). GOST 14.004-83
Technological cost of the product- part of the cost of the product, determined by the amount of costs for implementing the technological processes of manufacturing the product. Technological cost (cr. f.). GOST 14.205-83
Technological process- part of the production process containing targeted actions to change and (or) determine the state of the subject of labor. GOST 3.1109-82
Technological operation- a completed part of the technological process performed at one workplace. GOST 3.1109-82
Technological mode- a set of changes in technological process parameters in a certain time interval. Note. Process parameters include: cutting speed, feed, depth of cut, heating or cooling temperature, etc. Mode (cr. f.). GOST 3.1109-82
Technological service- a set of operations to prepare a product for its intended use, storage and transportation and bring it to its original state after these processes that are not related to maintaining the reliability of the product. GOST 25866-83
Technological equipment- means of technological equipment, in which, when performing a certain part of the technological process, materials or workpieces, means of influencing them, as well as technological equipment are placed. Note. Examples of technological equipment are: foundry machines, presses, machine tools, furnaces, galvanic baths, test benches, etc. GOST 14.004-83
Manufacturability of the product in assembly -AssemblyProcessabil- ItyOfItem- a set of product properties that determine its adaptability to the technological preparation of assembly production and assembly and are characterized by the ratio of labor costs, materials and time for their implementation to the values of the corresponding indicators of analogue products, determined in the accepted production conditions. GOST 23887-79
Manufacturability of product design- a set of product design properties that determine its adaptability to achieving optimal costs during production, maintenance, and repair for given quality indicators, output volume and work conditions. Manufacturability (cr. f.). GOST 14.205-83
Type of production- classification category of production, distinguished on the basis of breadth of product range, regularity, stability and volume of production. Notes 1. There are types of production: single, serial and mass. 2. In accordance with GOST 3.1108-74, one of the main characteristics of the type of production is the coefficient of consolidation of operations. GOST 14.004-83
Typical technological operation- a technological operation characterized by the unity of content and sequence of technological transitions for a group of products with common design and technological features. Typical operation (cr. f.). GOST 3.1109-82
Standard product -TypifiedWorkpiece- a product belonging to a group of products of a similar design, which has the largest number of design and technological features of this group. GOST 3.1109-82
Typical technological process- technological process of manufacturing a group of products with common design and technological features. Typical process (cr. f.). GOST 3.1109-82
Turning operation- an operation performed on turning machines. GOST 17420-72
Turning -Turning- blade processing with a rotary main cutting movement and the ability to change the radius of its trajectory. GOST 25761-83
Labor intensity of product manufacturing- total labor costs for performing technological processes of manufacturing a product. Manufacturing complexity (cr. f.). GOST 14.205-83
Labor intensity of maintenance- labor costs for one maintenance of this type. GOST 18322-78
Approach angle- the angle in the main plane between the cutting plane and the working plane. GOST 25762-83
Specific total duration of technical maintenance- the ratio of the average total duration of maintenance (repairs) to the specified operating time. GOST 18322-78
Node -Assembly- an assembly unit that can be assembled separately from other components of the product or the product as a whole and perform a specific function in products for one purpose only together with others components. GOST 23887-79
Universal machine tool -UniversalMachineRetainingDevice- machine tool for installing workpieces various designs within the specified size range. Universal joint venture (cr. f.). GOST 31.010.01-84
Management of technological preparation of production - A set of actions to ensure the functioning of technological preparation of production. Chamber of Commerce and Industry (cr. f.). GOST 14.004-83
Steady production- production of products according to finalized design and technological documentation. GOST 14.004-83
Installation base -SettingBase- a base used to impose connections on a workpiece or product, depriving them of three degrees of freedom - movement along one coordinate axis and rotation around the other two axes. GOST 21495-76
Shop- a set of production sites. GOST 14.004-83
Roughing- processing, as a result of which the main part of the allowance is removed. GOST 3.1109-82
Finishing- processing, as a result of which the specified dimensional accuracy and roughness of the processed surfaces are achieved. GOST 3.1109-82
Stamp- technological equipment, through which the workpiece acquires a shape and (or) dimensions corresponding to the surface or contour of the working elements of the stamp. GOST 15830-84
Piece time- time interval determined by the ratio of the cycle of a technological operation to the number of products simultaneously manufactured or repaired at one workplace. GOST 23004-78
Piece time -TimePerPiece- time interval equal to the ratio of the technological operation cycle to the number of simultaneously manufactured or repaired products or equal to calendar time assembly operation. GOST 3.1109-82 Operational manufacturability of the product design- manufacturability of the product design when preparing it for its intended use, maintenance, current repairs and recycling. Operational manufacturability (cr. f.). GOST 14.205-83
Exploitation- stage life cycle product on which its quality is sold, maintained and restored. Note. Product operation generally includes intended use, transportation, storage, maintenance and repair. GOST 25866-83
Element -Feature- a generalized term, which, depending on the appropriate conditions, can be understood as a surface, line, point. GOST 24642-81
Technological system element -TechnologicalSystemElement- part of the technological system, conditionally accepted as indivisible at this stage of its analysis. Note. Examples of elements of a technological system are: machine, fixture, tool. GOST 27.004-85
The numerical value is conditionally determined by the category of complexity
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1 SECONDARY VOCATIONAL EDUCATION A.I.ILYANKOV, N.Yu.MARSOV BASIC TERMS, CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY HANDBOOK Recommended by the Federal State autonomous institution « Federal Institute development of education" as a teaching aid for use in educational process educational institutions implementing secondary vocational education programs in the specialty “Mechanical Engineering Technology”, OP.08 “Mechanical Engineering Technology” Review registration number 425 dated December 12, 2011 FGAU “FIRO”
2 UDC 621 (075.32) BBK 34.4я723 I49 Reviewer, teacher of the highest category, State Educational Institution of Secondary Professional Education "Moscow College of Technology" L. L. Dovgan I49 Ilyankov A.I. Basic terms, concepts and definitions in mechanical engineering technology: reference book: textbook. aid for students institutions prof. education / A.I.Ilyankov, N.Yu.Marsov. M.: Publishing center "Academy", p. ISBN Basic terms, concepts and definitions for mechanical engineering technology are given. The terms are distributed by topic according to the order of study of the discipline “Mechanical Engineering Technology”. The description of some terms is illustrated with illustrative material. The textbook can be used when studying the general professional discipline “Mechanical Engineering Technology” in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard for Secondary Professional Education for the specialty “Mechanical Engineering Technology”. For students of secondary vocational education institutions. May be useful for students of advanced training courses. UDC 621 (075.32) BBK 34.4я723 The original layout of this publication is the property of the Publishing Center "Academy", and its reproduction in any way without the consent of the copyright holder is prohibited ISBN Ilyankov A. I., Marsov N. Yu., 2012 Educational and Publishing Center "Academy" ", 2012 Design. Publishing center "Academy", 2012
3 Dear reader! This textbook is intended for studying the subject “Mechanical Engineering Technology” and is part of the educational and methodological set for the specialty “Mechanical Engineering Technology”. The educational and methodological set for the specialty is the main and additional literature, allowing you to master a specialty, obtain specialized basic knowledge. The set consists of modules formed in accordance with the curriculum, each of which includes a textbook and educational publications supplementing it laboratory workshop, course design, posters, reference books and much more. The module fully provides the study of each discipline included in the curriculum. All educational and methodological kits are developed on the basis of a unified approach to the structure of presentation educational material. It is important to note that the developed modules of disciplines included in the educational and methodological set have independent value and can be used in building educational and methodological support for educational programs in related specialties. When developing the educational and methodological package, the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for Secondary Vocational Education were taken into account.
4 Preface The practice of teaching technological disciplines has shown that the greatest difficulties for students arise in the process of mastering terms. This is natural, since when studying these disciplines, yesterday’s schoolchild cannot do without new terms, concepts and definitions. The purpose of this reference book in practical classes and at home during independent work is to help more deeply understand and comprehend the essence of basic technological and technical terms and teach students to express their thoughts in simple technical language. The material in the reference book is fully consistent with curriculum discipline "Mechanical Engineering Technology". The structure of the directory is extremely simple. The material is presented in the form of separate blocks, where it is given detailed interpretation terms, concepts or definitions. For a better perception and understanding of the essence of a particular term, simple diagrams, sketches or tables are provided. At the end of the reference book, all terms are presented in alphabetical order by page.
5 Chapter 1 Fundamentals of designing technological processes of mechanical processing The production process is the entire complex of processes necessary to transform materials and semi-finished products into finished products from organization, planning and supply to manufacturing, control and accounting. The production program is an extensive and detailed plan production of products, reflecting their volume, nomenclature, range and quality. It largely determines the type of production and the organization of work in areas of the enterprise. Components of the production program: the main core products of the enterprise; goods for the population produced by the enterprise; cooperative supplies; products new technology; products supplied for export; prototypes of new products being mastered by the enterprise. Technology translated into Russian means the study of craft art. Mechanical engineering technology is the study of the processes of manufacturing parts, assembling connections, mechanisms and machines, as well as testing finished products. A technological process is a set of all processes directly related to achieving the specified parameters of the finished product (part, assembly unit or product as a whole). The technological process includes not only mechanical processing, but also procurement, thermal, assembly, testing and other processes related to the manufacture of the product. The technological process of machining a part is the sequential transformation of a workpiece into a finished part by mechanically removing allowance from its surfaces. 5
6 The main process is one of the technological processes for the direct production of parts and the product as a whole. Includes phases of those processes that are determined by the features of manufacturing parts, assembly, testing of products, production program, labor intensity and level of technical development of the enterprise. An auxiliary process is a process that ensures the efficient flow of the main processes. For example, the manufacture of cutting tools, special equipment, etc. An operation (technological) part of a technological process performed at one workplace. Another operation is being performed at another workplace. Transition is part of an operation during which the same workpiece surface is processed with the same tool at constant machine spindle speed and cutting tool feed. In Fig. Figure 1.1 shows the processing operation of workpiece C, consisting of three transitions: 1) drilling hole A with drill 1; 2) boring this hole with a through cutter 2; 3) boring the annular groove B with cutter 3. The passage is part of the transition, during which one layer of material (metal) is removed from the workpiece. Dividing the transition into passes is carried out in cases of large allowance, which is impractical to remove in one pass. A working technique is an auxiliary action of a worker necessary to perform an operation. This is the start and stop of the machine, the supply and removal of the cutting tool. Working techniques are necessary to prepare and carry out the main action: cutting metal. Setting the workpiece creating a specific position of the workpiece in work area machine relative to the body of the adapter 6 Fig. Scheme of the operation, consisting of three transitions: 1 drill; 2 pass cutter; 3 boring cutter; A cylindrical hole; B boring surface; C workpiece
7 Fig Scheme of a milling operation, consisting of two positions: a first position; b second position; 1 workpiece; 2 cutters; 3 rotating (upper) part of the device; 4 device with dividing mechanism; 5 dividing device clamp; A, B workpiece surfaces processed in the first position; C, D surfaces of the workpiece processed in the second position of the beating, mounted on the machine table. This creates a certain position of the workpiece relative to the cutting tool. There are installations: simple and with adjustment. Installing a workpiece on a machine is simple: automatic obtaining of the required position of the workpiece relative to the cutting tool at the moment of contact of the mounting surface of the workpiece with the mounting elements of the machine table or device. Installing a workpiece on a machine with alignment, an installation that requires checking the correct position of the workpiece relative to the cutting tool. As well as adjusting this position in order to obtain the exact location of the workpiece relative to the body of the device and, therefore, relative to the cutting tool used in this operation. Part position is the position of the workpiece being processed in the processing zone of the machine when it is secured in one place. In the operation, the diagram of which is shown in Fig. 1.2, milling of surfaces A, B, C, D is carried out in two positions of the workpiece. These positions are provided by a rotating device 4 with a dividing mechanism. Having processed surfaces A and B with cutter 2 in the first position (Fig. 1.2, a), without detaching the workpiece 1, remove the latch 5 of the dividing device from the hole and, turning the upper part 3 of the device by 180, transfer the workpiece to the second position (Fig. 1.2, b) for processing surfaces C and D with the same cutter 2. 7
8 Peeling operation (grinding) is the first operation of processing a rough surface, during which more than half of the total allowance for processing is removed. In this case, low machining accuracy is achieved, high cutting forces are required and a lot of chips are produced. A roughing operation is any surface processing operation, if it is followed by a similar processing method, but more precise operation, called finishing. The finishing operation is the operation following the roughing operation. Its purpose is to complete surface processing or prepare this surface for more precise processing. The final operation is the last operation of surface treatment, as a result of which the requirements for it in the working drawing of the part are met. Finishing operation is the final operation of processing the surface of a part, during which a small allowance is removed in order to ensure the roughness and accuracy required for a given surface. For example, superfinishing, honing, diamond smoothing, etc. Manual operation An operation performed manually by a worker, i.e.: deburring; filing edges along the radius; thread cutting; precise drilling of holes; grinding and polishing; scraping. Operational allowance is a layer of material removed from a specific surface of the workpiece in one operation. The operational size is maintained with a certain tolerance when removing the operational allowance. Tolerances a for these dimensions are assigned “to the body of the part,” i.e. for shafts D a (Fig. 1.3, a), for holes D + a (Fig. 1.3, b). A technological process stage is a group of homogeneous operations performed directly one after another. Operations to obtain specified surface parameters are divided into roughing, finishing and finishing stages. In Fig. Figure 1.4 shows the formation of stages of the technological process of processing a part that has 4 machined surfaces with different roughness parameters A Rz 80; B Rz 40; C Ra 0.23; D Ra 1.25. 8
9 Fig. Operating dimensions: a for shafts (D a); b for holes (D + a) Stage 1. Consists of operations 4, 10 peeling; 1 preliminary milling. Stage 2. Consists of operations 2, 5, 11 rough milling. Stage 3. Consists of operations 6, 12 finishing milling. Stage 4. Consists of operations 7: rough grinding; 13 grinding. Stage 5. Consists of operation 8, finishing grinding. Stage 6. Consists of operation 9 grinding. A workpiece is usually a monolithic piece of material obtained by casting, stamping or from a standard profile. A part is made from it by removing the allowance. The blank is the first to enter the part production process. A workpiece enters a specific operation of the technological process, and a part comes out, which arrives at the subsequent operation in the form of Fig. Scheme of formation of stages of the technological process: 1 13 numbers of operations; A (Rz 80); B (Rz 40); B (Ra 0.23); G (Ra 1.25) machined workpiece surfaces with specified roughness parameters 9
10 cooking. The finished part emerges from the final operation of the process. A working drawing of a part is a drawing drawn up by the designer, which contains all the information necessary to manufacture the part with the required parameters. The designer, knowing the functions performed in the product by this part, draws up requirements for its manufacture in accordance with the ESKD. For the technologist, the working drawing of the part contains the main part of the initial information for developing the technological process. In the working drawing, the details usually indicate: all geometric dimensions finished part indicating their accuracy; workpiece material and method of its production; weight of the finished part; roughness of all surfaces of the part; hardness of working surfaces and core of the part; other requirements not indicated by the symbols. A working drawing of a workpiece is a drawing that indicates the shape, dimensions and method of obtaining the workpiece. In addition, this drawing indicates the accuracy of geometric parameters, workpiece material, control group mechanical properties material, surface roughness, method of cleaning the workpiece surface from scale. Blanks are produced by casting, deformation (stamping), cutting, cutting from standard rolled profiles, and pressing from powder material. The total allowance for machining a specific surface consists of allowances for all machining operations on a given surface. Processing sketch main part of the content technological map. In this sketch, the part is drawn as it should be after performing a certain operation (Fig. 1.5). The treated surfaces (M, N and K) are marked with thick lines. All operational dimensions with tolerances and surface roughness parameters are specified. Operation setup sketch is an operational sketch in which, along with the installation and fastening diagram of the workpiece, the coordinates of the location of the cutting tool are indicated to ensure the execution of this operation. 10
11 Fig Processing sketch: M, N, K processed surfaces in this operation; C design base Fig. Sketch of processing and installation: 1 three-jaw chuck; 2 emphasis; 3 movable steady rest; 4 rotating center; 5 workpiece to be processed Sketch of processing and installation sketch, which is shown in operating card schematic diagram installation and securing of the workpiece. In Fig. Figure 1.6 shows a sketch of the processing and installation of a cylindrical workpiece 5 in a three-jaw chuck 1 with a mechanical clamping device, a stop 2 at the end of the workpiece when pressed by a rotating center 4 and support on a movable rest 3. The mandrel is a tail mandrel that is installed in the spindle of the machine. Used for turning and grinding. They are installed on the machine with a certain error, which depends on the accuracy of the manufacturing of the mandrel elements connecting it to the machine. In this case, the exact relative position of the mounting surface of the mandrel and the surface for the mounting base of the part must be observed. The expected error associated with installing a fixture (mandrel) on a machine tool is the size of the radial runout of the mounting surface for the workpiece mounting base relative to the axis of the mandrel shank. In some cases, radial runout is measured after installing the mandrel on the machine. Mandrel is a centering mandrel that is installed in the centers of the machine using center holes (sockets) in it. The expected error associated with the installation of a fixture (mandrel) on the machine is the size of the radial runout of the mounting surface of the mandrel for the workpiece mounting base relative to the axis of the center seats. This size is 11
12 errors are affected by the inaccuracy of both the center sockets and their position relative to the mounting surface. The size of the radial runout of the mounting surface relative to the axis of the center seats of the mandrel determines the size of the component of the expected processing error from installing the fixture on the machine. Machine general purpose a widely-universal machine, for example, vertical milling, turning and boring, horizontal milling, vertical drilling, cylindrical grinding, etc. The machine is a special machine designed to perform only one operation of any technological process. These machines are manufactured in single copies, which determines their high cost. The machine is an aggregate machine assembled from standardized products (units) in combination with a small number of special elements for processing a specific workpiece. After production of the part for which the aggregate machine was assembled ceases, it can be disassembled and then a new one assembled to process another workpiece. A machine for a specific purpose is a machine designed to perform an operation of one name and process a certain type of part. For example, gear hobbing, thread milling, copy-lathe, etc. Modernization of a machine - making changes to the design of the machine available in the workshop, which makes it more suitable for certain operations. At the same time, major design changes are not carried out, but the machine is improved according to the capabilities of the workshop. For example, if in lathe replace the caliper cross-feed screw with a screw with an increased pitch, manual movement of the caliper is accelerated. Unit production is a type of production in which a wide range of parts is produced at the enterprise site, but each part is made in a single copy. In this case, machines, tools and general-purpose devices are used, and machine workers must be highly qualified. Unit production is organized in pilot workshops and factories. A batch of parts is the number of parts of the same name launched into processing simultaneously. In cases where several operations are assigned to one machine, it requires readjustment when moving from one operation to another. Then it is economically feasible to process the parts in batches, i.e. several 12
13 pieces per machine setup. Lots of parts are used in mass production. If the machine has finished processing one batch of parts, it is switched to another operation to process the next batch. The number of parts in a batch is determined mainly by the production program. Serial production is a type of production in which more than one operation is assigned to each machine at the production site, i.e., several parts are simultaneously processed on the site. Parts of the same type are supplied to the workplace in small batches, which reduces the number of machine changeovers from one part to another. Serial production is organized in pilot workshops and factories. Line production is one of the progressive methods organization of production, based on the rhythmic repetition of time-coordinated main and auxiliary operations when locating workplaces along the technological process. Signs of continuous production: each production line produces one or more similar products; workplaces on the production line are located along the technological process; the transfer of parts from operation to operation is, as a rule, mechanized and carried out individually (or in small batches); a certain rhythm (tact) of production is observed. Parts release cycle is the time when one part is produced using the continuous production method. With a large volume of product output, mass production is organized, which is often called continuous production, and technological equipment arranged in a production line. One of the characteristics of continuous production is the cycle of production of parts. When determining it, the number of parts produced over a certain period of time is taken into account. With the flow method, the duration of each operation is a multiple of the parts production cycle in order to avoid equipment downtime. Machine intensity is the time (in machine hours) of occupancy of machine tools built into the production line. When organizing production lines, situations are possible when the number of workers does not correspond to the number of machines. Then, when calculating the parameters of a production line, the concept of machine capacity of the production line is used. Concentration of operations - combining several operations into one more complex one. The criterion for assessing the degree of concentration is the number of simple transitions provided for in it. 13
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View value Mechanical engineering in other dictionaries
Mechanical engineering- mechanical engineering, pl. no, cf. (those.). Industrial production machines.... - the main lever for the reconstruction of the national economy... Stalin.
Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary
Mechanical engineering Wed.— 1. A complex of industries producing tools for the national economy, vehicles, consumer goods, etc.
Explanatory Dictionary by Efremova
Mechanical engineering- -I; Wed The heavy industry for the production of machinery. Developed m. Work in mechanical engineering.
◁ Mechanical engineering, -aya, -oh. M. plant. M production.
Kuznetsov's Explanatory Dictionary
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Large encyclopedic dictionary
Mechanical engineering- the leading branch of world industry, ranks first among all industries in terms of the number of employees and the value of products. Approximately 9/10 of all mechanical engineering........
Geographical encyclopedia
Agricultural Engineering- agricultural engineering industry, a branch of mechanical engineering that meets the needs Agriculture in tractors and other agricultural machinery........
Geographical encyclopedia
WE ALSO STUDYED AT A TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY...
to help current students
DICTIONARY OF TECHNICAL TERMS
Many of us graduated from technical universities, and I am no exception (my first degree was in medicine, and my second degree was from ASTU). I don’t know about guys, but most girls, probably long after receiving their diploma, have nightmares about such “favorite disciplines” as Materials science, Metal cutting machines, Mechanical engineering technology… It’s so difficult for students to understand the abundance of technical terms... So, what am I talking about...? I'll start from the beginning. When the idea of creating my own website came to me, I had to figure out where to start and where to go (since the professions I acquired had nothing to do with IT technologies, I had zero knowledge and skills in programming, and communicating with a “smart machine” computer at the level of a regular office user). Of course, I “settled” on the Internet for a long time. I read articles, went to forums, and by the way, I continue to this day. So, recently I accidentally came across the website of the BTI (Biysk Technological Institute), saw their photo galleries, got lost in staring, then started looking through the entire site (it was clearly, unlike me, made by real programmers, maybe there was something in the structure or design for I’ll find myself... And then I came across such a good dictionary, I think: I wish I had one like this when I was studying... Apparently it’s not fate, well, okay, we’ve already survived. But it would be nice for today’s students, and maybe even young teachers of technical universities take advantage. By the way, there is a free DEMO version. Take a look, maybe someone will find it useful.
REFERENCE ELECTRONIC PUBLICATION
"Mechanical engineering. Explanatory dictionary of terms"
Third edition, expanded, corrected
Kazantsev A. G., Kositsyn Yu. N.
2011.
Purpose of publication– give a verbal interpretation of the basic terms of mechanical engineering and provide illustrations at a modern visual level.
This terminological dictionary is:
- 13,490 terms in the field of mechanical engineering;
- 2,089 3D solid models;
- 112 videos;
- 2,070 drawings and photographs.
Name: Brief illustrated English-Russian dictionary in mechanical engineering.
List of main references used
Polytechnic Dictionary. M., “Soviet Encyclopedia”. 1976.
Metalworker's Handbook, Mm "Mechanical Engineering", vol. 1-4, 1976-1977.
Metal cutting processing. (Technologist's Handbook). M., "Mechanical Engineering". 1974.
Dictionary-reference book on welding. Kyiv. “Naukova Dumka”, 1974.
Ivanov M.N. Machine parts. M., " graduate School", 1976.
State standards of the USSR. Machinery's handbook, 1971.
Handbook of engineering fundamentals. New York, Wiley, 1975.
Tool engineers handbook. McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1959.
Begeman M. L. Manufacturing processes. Asia Publishing House. 1964.
Campbell G. S. Principles of Manufacturing Materials and Processes. McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1961.
Preface.
About using a dictionary.
1. Mathematics
2. Physics
Mechanics.,.
Acoustics.
Hydromechanics.
Thermodynamics
Electricity and magnetism
Optics.
Nuclear physics
3. Strength of materials
4. Technical materials
Black metals
Non-ferrous metals
Plastics
5.machines
General terms
Rivet connections.
Welded joints. ,.
Threaded connections
Shafts and axles
Keyed and slotted connections
Supports and bearings
Guides.
Couplings
Springs...
6. Gears and mechanisms
General terms
Friction gears
Belt drives.
Chain transmissions
Gear transmissions.
Gearboxes
Mechanisms
Hydraulic and pneumatic
drives.
Lubrication
Controls.
7. Organization and management
General terms
Organization of production Production process
In-plant transport
8. Foundry Oroievodstvo
General terms
Molding materials.
Molding:.
Melting and drinking
Tidal defects
9. Pressure treatment.
Rolling.
Forging
Sheet stamping.
10. Welding
General terms
Arc welding.
Contact welding.
Gas welding.
Soldering. . . ".
11. Heat treatment
12. Machining by cutting.
General terms
Turning.
Hole machining
Planing and chiselling.
Milling.
Reaching out.
Grinding
Thread processing.
Treatment gear wheels
Finishing processing
Physico-chemical treatment. . .
Fitting and assembly work
13. Technical drawing.
14. Accuracy, interchangeability, measurements
General terms
Tolerances and landings.
Calibers.
Surface shape accuracy
Surface location accuracy
Surface roughness
Precision gears.
15. Fast cars.
Transport vehicles
Mining and oilfield machines
Construction machines
Agreecultural machines. Agreecultural equipment
1. Mathematics
2. Physics
Mechanics
Acoustics.
Hydromechanics
Thermodynamics
Electricity and Magnetism.
Optics
Nuclear Physics.
3. Strength of Materials.
4. Engineering Materials.
Ferrous Metals.
Nonferrous Metals
Plastics
5.Machine Elements
General Terms.
Riveted Joints.
Welded joints.
Threaded joints.
Shafts and Axles
Key and Spline Joints
Supports and Bearings
Gm"deways
Clutches and Couplings
Springs
6-Power Transmissions and Mechanisms
General Terms.
Friction Gearings
Belt Drives
Chain Transmissions -
Toothed Gearings
Speed Reducers.
Mechanisms
Fluid Power Drives.
Lubrication
Control Devices.
7. Industrial Organization and Management
General Terms.
Industrial Organization
Production Process.
Internal Material Handling
8 Foundry Engineering
General Terms
Download the e-book for free in a convenient format, watch and read:
Download the book Concise illustrated English-Russian dictionary of mechanical engineering - Schwartz V.V. - fileskachat.com, fast and free download.
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