The basis of modern non-stick coatings is the polymer polytetrafluoroethylene (or PTFE). In its properties, the compound approaches noble metals; those. does not react with most aggressive environments. Moreover, PTFE is non-toxic. Today there are two main methods of applying non-stick layers.
Roller roll
This method is characterized by a short production cycle time. The thickness of the applied layer is adjusted to 25 microns. Roller rolling is considered an economical method; Products processed in this way belong to the economy class and are available to most consumers. How does the process happen?
First, blanks are prepared in the form of aluminum disks up to 2.7 mm thick. The production line is a mechanism with a length of up to 50 meters. This includes coating rollers, pre-drying oven and final drying oven. First, the discs (3 in a row) are fed into a pre-firing and drying oven. Here, the remaining technical oil remaining during the stamping of discs is burned off; along the way, the workpieces are heated to desired temperature. Next, the first layer is applied using rollers non-stick coating. The discs then go into a pre-drying oven. Thus, up to 5 layers can be applied. Sometimes a coating is applied over the latter.
According to technology, the number of layers cannot be less than three. The first layer makes it easier to apply subsequent ones; the second, thickest, is the main one, the third – secures the previous ones and carries out a protective function. At the end of the line, a product is obtained with a layer thickness of up to 25 microns, which is sufficient to maintain non-stick properties during the service life declared by the manufacturer (usually 1 year).
Sputtering
The main advantage of this method is obtaining a thicker non-stick layer (up to 60 microns), which increases the service life and increases the strength of the coating. Dishes processed by spraying are considered elite, their service life is 3-4 years. How does spraying occur?
The stamped discs are fed into the tunnel, where, using special detergents Remains of oil and other contaminants are removed from them; at the same time roughness is added (for better adhesion). After the washing procedure, the workpieces must not be touched so as not to leave traces of fat. Next, the discs are installed in a rotating holder (120 rpm), and PTFE is supplied to them from nozzles under pressure. As in the roller rolling method, each layer is dried and finally heated up. If necessary, on last layer a drawing or pattern is applied using silk-screen printing.
Many business projects appear when their founders do not find a solution to some problem on the market. And they are sure that other people may also need the service they need. This is exactly what happened with the Proflon company: one of its founders somehow decided to restore the Teflon coating of his favorite frying pan, but this turned out to be difficult. This is how a service for applying a new non-stick coating appeared. The general director of the Proflon company, Vitaly Emelyanov, told the website about how to create demand for a non-standard service and why there is no “wealth tax” in this business.
42 years, CEO companies "Proflon". Graduated from the Academy of Architecture and Construction with a degree in civil engineering and technology; At the same university he additionally received a degree in economics. The Proflon company, created together with a partner Alexander Ignatov, has been heading since 2017. The company is developing two brands - OnTeflon and Domoflon.
How it all began
One day, the future founder of the Proflon company, Alexander Ignatov, went to the store to buy new sneakers. In the store, along with his purchase, he was given a flyer for a new sneaker dry cleaner for restoration and deep cleaning shoes
A couple of days later, Alexander noticed that his expensive stainless steel frying pan with Teflon coating was no longer frying steaks as well as before. Over the course of 3 years, the Teflon coating has worn out significantly. So the question arose about buying a new one. quality frying pan. But at that moment, the steak lover remembered the story with the restoration of sneakers and thought how good it would be if such a service existed for old frying pans - after all, the metal base of the frying pan itself is intact - just the coating has deteriorated.
Alexander tried to find a service on the Internet for restoring the coating of a frying pan in Moscow - and came across the website of a Moscow scientific company. It produced Teflon coating and applied it to various products, both household and industrial. Using the services of this company was not so easy. At first, Alexander had difficulty finding her office, hidden in the alleys, then they issued a special pass for him to enter the sensitive facility where the company was located. It was possible to pay for the order only Bank transaction to the details of a legal entity, and you can receive it only in a couple of weeks, having completed several more documents.
The result exceeded all expectations. A frying pan that had served for 3 years was indistinguishable from a new one. Alexander realized that this could become a business idea. He immediately called the same company where he had the frying pan restored, returned to them and shared his thoughts about possible cooperation. He decided to create a simple and affordable service for restoring non-stick coatings on household cookware.
Launch own production
On June 11, 2016, just a week after receiving the updated frying pan, Alexander registered the On-Teflon.ru domain for the Proflon company. At first, he himself accepted dishes from Muscovites in his apartment and every week he took them to the office of that same scientific company for restoration.
The service turned out to be in demand. Orders began to arrive literally from the first days of the project’s launch and their number grew. In September 2016, it became clear to the project founder that his own production was needed. The first step was to attract a partner to the project, with whom Alexander had a long-standing acquaintance on several production tasks at his previous job.
“We lost contact with Alexander several years ago. But he found me and, as usual, proposed another explosive idea: to open my own production for applying non-stick coatings. In November 2016, we discussed the idea and possible prospects in detail, and in January 2017 I was already in Moscow and began looking for premises for the workshop,” says Vitaly Emelyanov, General Director of the Proflon company.
Alexander took upon himself all the work on production technology, project promotion and investment. Vitaly, having quit his main job, devoted himself entirely to building production. To begin with, it was necessary to find a premises of the required size with a minimum rental cost, the availability of sufficient electrical power and other conditions associated with the new business.
Neither Yandex, nor Avito, nor specialized rental sites yielded results. Therefore, I had to hire a realtor, or rather five at once. One of them helped to find the required space on the territory of an industrial site in Podolsk near Moscow. The premises were rented in February 2017. The workshop, as well as the first collection point for products in Moscow, opened its doors just a month later, in March 2017. There was no longer any point in taking dishes to a third-party company for repairs.
“To this day we are located on this territory in Podolsk. We are currently expanding. It's hard to imagine what would have happened if we had made a mistake with the choice of location. It would have taken a lot of money and time to move due to the expansion. And this, in turn, would most likely lead to the need to change personnel, since now we employ guys who live not far from the workshop. It is also very important that we were lucky with the landlord - the owner himself and his team have been helping us from the first days,” says Vitaly.
In the first months of its own production, the startup was greatly helped by two large industrial orders. One of the non-stick coating suppliers referred a large chemical company to Proflon, which was looking for a contractor to coat a piece of its equipment. In the same way, through suppliers, the service received a large order from famous brand instant coffee. He needed to apply a food-grade coating to the surfaces of special radiators for sublimate drying.
“Our partners knew that, based on the parameters of our equipment, we could handle these products, unlike other companies. This supported us well. We mobilized, completed these two orders and repaid part of the loan taken for business development. We already feel a little better. Gradually, new clients started coming in and word of mouth began to work. We realized that we could do something, we became bolder, we began to declare ourselves, and look for new customers. Now we are trying to systematically load the workshop, building relationships with regular customers"- says Vitaly.
Investment in equipment
Initial investments in the project amounted to more than 3 million rubles, both own and borrowed funds. First of all, they were needed for setting up the workshop, purchasing production equipment, peripheral systems. The non-stick (fluoropolymer) coating itself is purchased from partners. In this matter, the founders of the project give preference to high-quality compositions made in European and American production.
In order to save capital investments, the founders of the project sought to look for and buy equipment that had already been in use. However, we had to spend 30-40% more than expected.
“We monitored market prices on Avito and Yandex.Market, called different companies. But when it came to purchasing specific items of equipment, and we began to enter into contracts for its supply, prices turned out to be higher. Moreover, we saw that we had not provided for some of the equipment for various reasons. The usual story: in order for one piece of hardware to work as it should, you need to buy several more accessories for it. This was especially true for issues of mechanization and automation of production. This could only be learned with experience,” says Vitaly Emelyanov.
During 2018, the founders of the project made additional investments in their business - the funds went primarily to the purchase of equipment that would allow fulfilling large industrial orders. As a result, we managed to purchase optimal price several pieces of imported equipment that only worked for a couple of months.
“Purchasing used equipment is a normal practice. All units, including those from the first purchase, are still in service. Necessary major renovation and periodic service maintenance equipment ensures longevity of its operation,” says Proflon’s general director.
According to the calculations of the project founders, it will take them about two more years to recoup all investments.
Development of technology
One of the main difficulties in initial stage There was a lack of knowledge about what production should be like, what types of coatings exist and how to work with them. There are few similar production facilities both in Russia and in the world. There was practically no information about technologies in the public domain. From the very first days, the founders of the Proflon service looked for it literally bit by bit on the Internet and in books. They also met and met people who had at least some connection to this area.
The acquired knowledge was tested in practice. Products were rejected and reworked until the desired result was achieved. The successful attempt was repeated, recording it as a video tutorial. The sequence of actions was recorded in the form of instructions. Now the accumulated material is used in training of full-time employees.
On the first orders, the partners personally built every element in the workshop and the entire technological chain. They personally cleaned the first batches of dishes in a sandblasting machine and treated them with Teflon.
“At first we mastered the technology and strived to high quality work. Promotion was second in our priorities. We had no desire to advertise periodic marriage. We understood that advertising would bring serious and large clients to us, and they would set us responsible and urgent tasks that we were not ready to handle at that moment.”
Reception points
Soon after launching our own production, it became clear that one collection point in Moscow was clearly not enough for business development - not everyone would go to the other end of the city to return a frying pan for repair. The founders of the project decided not to open their own points, but to organize the reception and delivery of dishes in existing household services or service centers. But several meetings with the owners of such outlets showed a lack of understanding of the new service and a lack of interest on their part.
Then the partners switched their attention to a large network of consumer service points. They managed to meet with one of the managers and owner of the DomByta.com project and showed samples of restored frying pans.
In September 2017, Proflon and DomByta.com entered into a three-month cooperation agreement at several points to “see how it goes.” A month later, the partners decided to open the service in several more points of the network. In August 2018, the teflon coating service for utensils became available at all 38 DomByta.com locations in Moscow and the Moscow region.
Each collection point, recently opened, brings the company about 20 orders per month. At points that have been operating for at least 2-3 months, about 40-60 items are returned for repairs every month.
Price issue
Applying a new Teflon coating to a frying pan or other utensils costs 1,000 rubles. In the pricing policy, the founders of the Proflon project were guided by the cost of work and price new dishes. But at the same time, they tried to objectively determine the most fair cost of their service for clients.
“We believe that 1,000 rubles is a feasible investment for customers to renew the coating of dishes, which in the store cost 3,000 rubles and more. After recoating, it will be able to serve a thrifty owner for at least 2 years,” notes Vitaly.
Previously, Proflon was installed for repairing dishes of various categories. different prices. For example, restoring the coating of an electric grill panel cost 1,800 rubles, because a new Bork grill costs at least 20,000 rubles. The cheapest option was to restore the coating with regular aluminum frying pan- only 800 rubles.
"Having carefully assessed this pricing policy, we felt that it was unfair for customers. We decided to equalize all prices, since in terms of cost, all types of dishes we work with are almost equal for us. And establishing a “wealth tax” is definitely not our choice. Clients responded positively to this decision,” explains Vitaly Emelyanov.
Working with an order
The client delivers the product to one of the collection points. As the dishes accumulate, they are periodically taken to the Proflon workshop. There the old coating is removed and a new non-stick layer is applied. After checking the quality of work, the products are delivered in batches to receiving points. The client picks up his dishes after paying for the work done.
In production, recoating takes only one day. But taking into account logistics, order fulfillment takes 1-2 weeks. “Customers are now asking us to speed up the processing of dishes. For now, we cannot beat the two-week deadline, since delivery of dishes from the collection point to our workshop and back is possible no more than once a week. But now our new brand “Domoflon.ru” offers a courier service. By delivering dishes by courier directly to our workshop, the client can restore the coating in just a week,” says Vitaly.
Complaints from customers came mainly in the early stages of the service. Most of them related to the quality of the coating. The problems were resolved by adjusting the equipment and introducing a procedure for double quality control of the applied coating. Nowadays, in addition to positive emotions, customers often express surprise - few of them knew that Teflon can be reapplied.
“Customers are excited about bringing their favorite cookware back to life. This is especially true for multicookers, new bowls for which are not available for sale, and electric grills, which are very expensive,” the general director of Proflon shares his observations.
Marketing and promotion
According to Vitaly Emelyanov, no more than 4-5 companies working in the field of restoring non-stick coatings are represented on the Russian market household utensils. Several more enterprises carry out mainly industrial orders. In addition to the quality of work, Vitaly cites customer service as an advantage of his company.
“We are mega-friendly for our clients. Seriously! Call us and we will tell you everything, everything, everything about our service, and we will help and advise. We are transparent, understandable and you can trust us. On our websites there is information about our coverages, guarantees, about us and our work; and most importantly - real reviews our clients. In addition, each client has the opportunity to directly write to me and Alexander and ask any questions regarding our service,” assures Vitaly.
In Internet promotion for its projects, Proflon uses contextual advertising, but is not advertised using specialized keywords. As a result of quite expensive SEO work, the company’s websites are always in the top search positions for the specialized query “restoration of Teflon coatings.”
“We believe that, according to “our” requests, we should receive clients for free. It is better to spend money in context on requests that are not core to us, but are related to our topic - for example, “bread factory” or “confectionery factory”. In these areas, Teflon-coated equipment is used. And here we must, with our unique and new service, flash in their eyes,” explains Vitaly.
Franchise is budget and expensive
In September 2018, the creators of the Teflon project began offering a franchise, which they were asked about literally from the very beginning of their work. By paying only 10,000 rubles, anyone can start receiving dishes under their own name, and for 50,000 – under a specially developed brand and service “Domoflon.ru”. According to Vitaly, this will allow owners of points of any household services to “monetize” their space.
When opening your own franchise production, things are somewhat more complicated. This involves the transfer of technology for applying non-stick coatings, after which the franchisee may well launch their own independent mini-production. Therefore, the founders of Proflon set the price for a “production” franchise at 1 million rubles.
The team is strong motivated people
Currently, 10 employees are permanently employed in the project. Several more people are periodically hired to do piece work.
Finding suitable employees, according to Vitaly, was not an easy task. This problem was solved through careful selection of candidates. After each vacancy was published, ten resumes were selected. All candidates were interviewed and ultimately two applicants were selected for one position. They hired both, and as a result probationary period They left one, the strongest and most motivated.
“Finding responsible and motivated people willing to create something out of nothing has proven incredibly difficult. Especially those who were willing to believe in our business at first and spend the extra effort. But we succeeded,” says Vitaly.
In the coming months, the founders of the service plan to continue working to improve the quality and reduce the cost of work. A new partner from Italy will be involved in solving these problems. Due to expansion and acquisition additional equipment New production sites are being organized, and work is being done to automate some processes.
In promotion, the creators of Proflon plan to explore thematic culinary forums and groups on social networks. There are also plans to conduct promotions and place advertising in the area of reception centers.
“People are not really aware that Teflon coating can be reapplied. We don’t advertise our company and projects so much as we tell them that such a service exists. In fact, together with our few competitors, we are creating this topic from scratch,” sums up Vitaly Emelyanov.
D In order to have a good understanding of the quality of cookware, you need to understand how it is made. Unfortunately, not many cookware manufacturers are ready to open their production process for various reasons. The Scovo company, which owns the largest and most modern plant in Russia for the production of non-stick cookware, abandoned prejudices and spoke in the smallest details about how the products of the brand of the same name are made.
Production aluminum cookware with non-stick coating is a high-tech event. Despite its apparent simplicity, the process of making frying pans is quite difficult process, which has its own “secrets”. And who can reveal them if not experts?
Let's omit the huge preparatory work in the form of product drawings, marketing elaboration of the assortment, selection of accessories, color, coating, writing and approval technological maps, calculating the cost and its assessment in relation to market expectations... We will not dwell on the intricacies of planning promotion and support events, commercial policy and logistics features. Our story is only about the production of cookware with non-stick coating from extruded aluminum.
Scovo cookware is manufactured in two factories. One of them is the oldest enterprise in Russia for the production of aluminum cookware, located in the Urals, in the city of Kamensk-Uralsky, the second, the largest plant in Europe for the production of non-stick cookware, is in the town of Stupino near Moscow.
Frying pan device
The frying pan consists on average of 11 parts (parts).
Metal preparation
Aluminum comes to the plant in large coils, 3-6 tons each. This is a specially processed strip of food-grade aluminum, certified for the production of cookware.
Reference
Aluminum tape with a thickness of 0.8mm to 2.7mm is traditionally used for the manufacture of economy-class cookware and is suitable for applying non-stick coating using the roller rolling method.
The service life of a product with such a coating is 1-1.5 years.
Aluminum strip with a thickness of 2.7 mm is used for the production of medium and premium class cookware. The non-stick coating is applied exclusively by spraying.
The service life when using this coating is 3-4 years. Regardless of the type of coating, according to hygienic recommendations, pans should be changed every 3 years.
To make frying pans, you need to cut aluminum circles from tape in order to stamp them necessary products, having previously applied a non-stick coating (or after stamping, depending on the type of coating applied).
The coil with the tape is installed in the cutting machine. At Skovo, high-performance Italian machines cope with this task. This device allows, depending on the diameter of the circle, to select the most economical metal “cut” patterns to reduce the amount of cutting residues. Each diameter has its own program.
The finished discs are cleaned in a special apparatus, where burrs are mechanically removed and a slight roughness is created to improve the adhesion of the metal to the coatings.
IN future fate discs of the economy segment and the middle (premium) segment differ, since the technology for applying non-stick and decorative (external) coatings on different metal thicknesses differs.
Discs intended for the production of tableware in the economy segment are first painted, and then products are stamped from them; in the middle and premium segments, blanks are first stamped, which are then sent for painting. Again, the products will only be found on the assembly and packaging line.
Coating of economy class dishes.
Painting of discs up to 2.7mm thick occurs on the line of applying non-stick and decorative covering roller rolling method. The line is a mechanism up to 50 meters long with several coating rollers, pre-drying ovens and a final drying oven.
Reference
Application by roller rolling is carried out in 3-5 layers, resulting in a final coating thickness of 20-25 microns, which is optimal for maintaining the non-stick properties of the product during its intended service life.
The discs (3 pieces in a row) first go into the oven for pre-firing and drying the disc. The remaining oil left over from stamping is burned off from them, and the discs are then heated to apply the first layer of coating. The roller, impregnated with the required layer of non-stick, evenly applies it to a number of disks, after which they enter the preliminary drying of the first layer. Next, apply the second layer and the third in the same way. There can be up to 5 layers in one line, plus an additional decorative layer can be applied on top of the resulting layer.
Reference
The number of layers is established by the specifications of the coating manufacturers. It affects the durability and strength of the coating. The first layer is intended to facilitate the application of other layers, as it serves as the “glue” between the aluminum and the non-stick or decorative layers. The second layer, the thickest, serves as the main one in the coating, carries out the main function of the coating, the last layer (finish) secures the middle layers and provides the protective and strengthening function of the coating.
There is a myth that ceramic coating lasts longer than PTFE based coating. This is incorrect, since in the second case the entire layer of coating has non-stick properties, which will serve until it is rubbed down to the metal. In the case of ceramic coatings, only the top film has non-stick properties, after abrasion of which the coating loses its non-stick properties, despite the fact that external changes are not visible.
During the process of annealing the non-stick coating in ovens at a temperature of 450° C, all chemical compounds necessary for “sticking” the coating to aluminum evaporate, which makes them safe for home use and environmentally friendly.
After coating one side of the discs, they are returned to the beginning of the conveyor, all shafts are washed and the second side of the discs is coated. As a rule, the non-stick coating is applied first, and then the decorative layer. After painting both sides, the discs go to the assembly line.
At this point, let’s pause and consider a similar process, but on mid- and premium-class products, with spray coating.
Coating of medium and premium class dishes.
Coatings applied by spraying are sprayed from nozzles under high pressure onto specially prepared fezzes.
Discs for these classes of cookware are initially stamped with powerful presses, acquiring the required form.
Then the stamped fezzes enter the washing tunnel, where the oils used in the press are washed off with alkaline solutions, the initial roughness is given (remember, this is necessary for the adhesion of the coating and aluminum) and dried. After this procedure, touch the fez with bare hands prohibited, as greasy fingerprints may remain on them, which will result in the coating peeling off from the metal in these places.
As with roller application, in this case coating is applied in several layers with pre-drying after applying each layer. The fez is placed in a rotating holder and the coating is supplied from the nozzle, which even layer lies on the surface in a circle, layer by layer.
Reference
The rotation speed of the holder is 120 rpm.
After applying the last layer, the fez goes into the oven for final drying. Then the fez is placed upside down on rotating holders and a layer of coating is applied on the other side using the same technology.
Some design products require a design to be applied to the bottom using silk-screen printing. If such an operation is necessary, a semi-automatic silk-screen printing machine is installed in our production. After applying the design, the fez once again goes into the oven to dry the paint.
After painting, the fezzes are found again on the assembly line.
Assembly
Economy-class cookware begins its assembly journey with a press, on which the painted disc is stamped, giving it the required shape. The operator behind the stamp starts the press with two buttons, pressing them with both hands at once, which almost completely eliminates injuries when using the press. The workpiece is placed in the mold and the press squeezes the pan out of it with gentle pressure and not impact, which prevents tearing, chipping, and scratching the coating or metal.
The next operation is similar for all types of products - turning the finished fez. Skovo's assembly lines have two lathes, each with two cutters. Two operations are performed at once: folding the edge and grooving the bottom.
Reference
At modern materials coating, the groove of the bottom bears exclusively decorative function. Previously, when using non-stick coatings, it was impossible to make continuous decorative surfaces in places where the bottom of the frying pan was actively heated, due to the fact that large surfaces of the coating cracked when heated due to ruptures as a result of thermal deformation. It was necessary to reduce the surface of the coating by circular grooving. IN modern conditions This measure may not be technologically applicable.
The myth about regulating heating by the size and discreteness of the grooves has no basis in itself, since the heating surfaces of the plates (any) provide uniform heat to the entire bottom of the product, therefore, every square centimeter of the bottom is heated evenly, regardless of the distance from the center of the heating element.
The next operation: installation of the handle, it is carried out in two ways - with riveting and with goujon.
The handle is riveted in one operation using two or three aluminum rivets, depending on the design of the handle. The operation is monotonous, but the quality of the riveting depends only on how “stuffed” the hand of the specialist performing the operation is.
The welded handle design is used on heavy frying pans with solid handles. To attach such a handle to a fez, an aluminum fastener, a goujon, is first welded to it. The goujon has a different angle at the attachment point depending on the shape of the fez; it must be welded exactly parallel to the heating surface of the pan. The cutting angle of the goujon is selected for each frying pan individually.
After welding it to the fez, a handle is screwed through the flame-extinguishing aluminum or steel screen. The flame-extinguishing screen protects the plastic of the handle from hot air from the heating surface, and it also serves as a screen to protect the place where the goujon is welded to the fez.
The next operation is the personalization of those types of frying pans on which the SKOVO logo is not stamped. As a rule, these are economy class products, on which our logo is extruded in the center of the groove.
There is just a little time left until the product is 100% ready for sale.
A label is put on or glued to the frying pan, each product is marked with a barcode label and packed in protective film or a polystyrene foam bag. If necessary, the product is equipped with a lid. We do not screw the boss to the lid, but insert a set of boss, washer and bolt separately.
Reference
Skovo company products are packaged in three types of packaging
1. Label insert + protection with shrink film
2. Open label + polystyrene foam bag
3. Individual box
On mid- and premium-class products, the lid is tightly attached to the product with a heat-shrinkable belt.
The individually packaged product is placed according to the packaging cards in corrugated boxes for palletizing and transportation to the finished product warehouse.
Petr Cherenkov
Photo - Eduard Milokumov (www.Goodwine.livejournal.com), posudka.ru
Original material -
A frying pan is one of the main kitchen utensils. Every housewife has a whole set of frying pans - pancake, grill, small, large. They are made from different materials and require constant care. Restoring the non-stick coating is the main concern of owners. High-quality cookware in good condition will help you always prepare healthy, tasty food.
Why does the frying pan burn?
Cooking can become very difficult if the pan burns. What should you do when the potatoes burn and stick to the bottom, you can’t get the scrambled eggs off the frying pan, and you end up with ugly lumps instead of pancakes? This problem can most often be dealt with, but the solution will vary depending on the material from which the pan is made.
Let's look at ways to clean the surface and restore the non-stick coating for different types frying pans and pots.
What to do in this case? A cast iron frying pan is made of porous materials. The oil enters the pores and creates a natural non-stick coating. Violation of this coating leads to burning. To avoid this and restore protective covering, the following processing needs to be done:
- Wash the dishes warm water and wipe dry.
- Cover the bottom of the dish with salt and heat in the oven or on the stove. Processing time is one hour.
- Add salt. Grate inner surface dishes sunflower oil.
You must act carefully when using oven mitts. The temperature of cast iron after calcination is very high. But if, despite the preparation, everything sticks to the pan. What to do in this case? You can heat the pan again. First you need to wash it thoroughly and clean the burnt layer. Then wipe and rub with sunflower oil inside and out and, removing excess oil, place in the oven with the bottom up. It needs to be heated for about an hour at a temperature of 180°. After cooling, the dishes can be removed from the oven. This procedure will have to be repeated from time to time to restore the non-stick layer.
For the cleaning cast iron frying pan To remove burnt food residues, you can boil it with soda. After this, the deposit will be easily washed off.
Aluminum is also porous, so it needs the same care as cast iron. Aluminum cookware also needs to be heated with salt. Another way to restore the coating of the pan is to fry diced bread in it without butter. When frying, the bread will absorb all the remains of burnt food. Housewives consider this method effective.
Aluminum is a light and strong metal, but it has many disadvantages. One of the main ones is the ability to react with some acidic and alkaline products. In this case, the metal can enter food. Therefore, the use of aluminum without a special coating is undesirable.
The enamel coating also has a porous structure, but products with enamel cannot be calcined. Therefore, to restore the coverage you need:
- Wash and clean well using detergents and a soft sponge.
- Dry with a towel and dry completely.
- Rub with lard or interior fat.
It is advisable to perform this procedure before each use of the cookware.
Stainless steel frying pan
Over time, microcracks and scratches form on the metal surface. To avoid burning, you need to grease the stainless steel frying pan with oil. Fat fills cavities, creates an even coating and prevents sticking. Handle a stainless steel frying pan with care, try not to scratch it, use a silicone or wooden spatula.
To avoid damaging stainless steel and cast iron cookware, you must follow these rules:
- Clean the surface before preparing food.
- Do not place frozen or cold foods in the pan. This promotes the formation of microcracks.
- Before frying, the food should be blotted with a paper towel so that no water remains on it. Water lowers the temperature of the oil, which causes burning.
- It is better to put oil in a hot frying pan.
Teflon cookware allows you to cook food without using oil. Polymer coating prevents products from sticking. After some time, due to the thinning of the non-stick layer, the food in the pan begins to burn. You can restore Teflon coating at home. To do this, you need to boil the frying pan with soap shavings, adding a little more citric acid and vinegar. Boil for 15 minutes, then dry and coat the bottom with oil. If this does not lead to the desired result, then the dishes need to be replaced.
Teflon cookware is convenient to use, but when heated, Teflon releases substances harmful to humans. Therefore, cookware with ceramic non-stick coating is becoming increasingly common.
Ceramic dishes have big amount advantages:
- Environmental Safety. The dishes are made from natural materials.
- Ceramic is non-stick.
- High wear resistance.
But in order to ceramic pan served for a long time , you must adhere to the following rules:
- The new frying pan should be washed with a soft sponge, dried and rubbed with sunflower oil. You can start using it in a few hours.
- After one or two years of use, special treatment should be carried out, which will extend the service life of the dishes for another year.
- Protect the pan from temperature changes, do not pour cold water and do not put frozen or cold foods in it.
- For washing, use the least aggressive detergents. It is not recommended to use soda.
- Use only silicone or wooden spatulas.
But sometimes these measures are not enough. Food starts to stick. What to do to prevent the pan from burning. The dishes should be washed. Dry thoroughly. Coat the surface vegetable oil. After a few days, you can wash off the oil with warm water and soap.
Sometimes the pan only burns in the middle. This is due to uneven heating of the bottom of the pan. When using gas stove You can install a fire spreader. This will lead to more even heating of the surface and will protect against burning in the center.
To make work in the kitchen easier, you need to choose only high-quality cookware and focus on the rules of use and recommendations for maintaining products made from different materials.
Care and careful handling of dishes will significantly extend their service life and your favorite dishes will continue to delight your family and loved ones.
Attention, TODAY only!
Teflon does not absorb moisture and fat, nothing sticks to it - this is primarily why it is valuable for cooking. But, like ceramic-coated products, Teflon has one drawback, and a rather significant one - fragility. Just a little overdo it, and the expensive cookware is no longer suitable for cooking. And this pleasure is not cheap. But there is practically free way Give the pan the wonderful properties of Teflon.
Teflon substitute for making pancakes and omelettes
In my opinion, the most favorite utensil of any housewife is a frying pan (you can cook in it, and it helps your husband run around the house). Many of you, I'm sure, have dealt with Teflon-coated frying pans and know that this is a very delicate and troublesome matter.
Our great-grandmothers, who had never heard of any Teflon (Teflon was discovered in 1938), knew how to make a reliable substitute for the Teflon coating of pans for pancakes and omelettes at home.
To prevent the first pancake from coming out lumpy and the omelette from turning into a fried pancake, you need the right frying pan!
Making a Teflon coating for a frying pan with your own hands
- We find a frying pan at home with thick walls, up to 20–22 centimeters in diameter.
- Place on medium heat and fill it with rendered pork fat almost to the brim.
- Melt and boil it for a while, avoiding burning.
- Turn off the gas and let stand for 1 hour to allow the fat to cool.
- Then pour it into a bowl, and pour coarse salt into the bottom of the pan.
- We take a cloth and rub the frying pan from the inside for a long time - the bottom and sides.
- Shake out the salt and thoroughly wipe the pan with a clean napkin.
Woo ala! Teflon coating in front of you self-made. This homemade Teflon substitute is ideal for cooking. He's not afraid of anything sharp knife, not four furrows from the fork.
The best thing is if this frying pan is used only for the purpose for which we created the coating - baking omelettes and pancakes. Try not to use detergents to clean a frying pan with a homemade Teflon coating - use water and a clean cloth (can be disposable) to thoroughly wipe, otherwise you will have to repeat all the steps again.
Our website reader Svetlana shared this wonderful way of replacing Teflon coating with us. Thank you very much for this.
Teflon is essentially a cold and heat resistant plastic with special physical and chemical properties, and is widely used not only for kitchenware and utensils.
In Russia it is called fluoroplastic.
The material is patented, and the word “Teflon” itself is registered by the American company DuPont as a trademark.
Teflon glides better than melted ice; thanks to this property, mechanical parts that do not require lubrication are made from it.
Teflon, along with titanium, is biologically very compatible with human body. Therefore, in ophthalmology, surgery and dentistry it is used to make implants.
Teflon is an excellent protection against insects; they are not able to crawl on vertical surfaces on which this substance is applied.
