Do-it-yourself long-burning rocket stove. What is a rocket stove: design options, diagrams and principles of operation Design of a rocket stove

Ecology of consumption. Among the variety of wood stoves special attention deserves such a thermal device as a homemade rocket stove. It is distinguished by its original design, which does not require expensive materials and components in its manufacture.

Among the variety of wood-burning stoves, a heating device such as a homemade rocket stove deserves special attention. It is distinguished by its original design, which does not require expensive materials and components in its manufacture.

Any person who has at least the slightest understanding of drawings and knows how to work with his hands can make such a stove. Our article should come to the aid of such home craftsmen, where we will talk about the design and operating principle of the rocket stove. Recommendations for its manufacture from various materials will also be given here.

OPERATING PRINCIPLES OF A ROCKET FURNACE

Although the device rocket furnace is quite simple, but it successfully uses two operating principles borrowed from other types of solid fuel heating devices:
- the principle of afterburning wood gases released during combustion (pyrolysis);
- the principle of free flow of gases through the channels (without encouragement from the natural draft of the chimney).

Note. In the simplest rocket stoves for cooking, including portable ones, only the second principle operates, since favorable conditions are not created in them for the pyrolysis process to occur.

First, we will analyze the design of direct combustion rocket stoves, intended only for cooking food. Here the firebox is a short horizontal section of pipe, which then turns upward. The design is simple as hell

The fuel is placed in the pipe and ignited, resulting in an upward flow of hot gases, tending to rise along the vertical section and exit outside. Here, at the cut of the pipe, a container for food or water is installed. Of course, there is a gap between the pan and the pipe for combustion products to escape. This is achieved through various metal stands.

For reference. The above rocket stove device is one of the first. It is because of the upward-turned nozzle with a flame escaping from it that the device received the name rocket.

Since it is impossible to heat the premises with such a unit, the design of the heating rocket stove was supplemented with a heat exchange device and channels for exhaust flue gases. To save on a vertical pipe section high temperature, it is insulated with any fire-resistant material. Further, for intensive heat extraction, the nozzle is covered from above with a cap, for example, an ordinary metal barrel. At the bottom of the horizontal fire pipe there is a separate channel for supplying secondary air.

Now the principle of operation of a rocket furnace looks somewhat different. Firstly, at the end of the horizontal fire channel, afterburning of pyrolysis gases occurs due to the supply of secondary air. Secondly, combustion products that have a high temperature accumulate under the top of the bell (barrel), creating some excess pressure. As heat is transferred outward through the metal walls, these gases cool and flow downward.

Since the cooling gases are supported from below by a new hot flow, they cannot descend in the same way, but pass through the space between the walls of the pipe and the barrel, safely exiting into the chimney channel. The flow of processes is well reflected in the diagram of a rocket furnace

So, thanks to pyrolysis, the efficiency of wood combustion increases, and the use of free flow of gases creates a self-regulating system that limits the flow fresh air into the firebox. The air mixture is supplied as the combustion products cool under the hood, making room for its new portion. Excessive pressure of hot gases “pushes” the cooled part out, so the operation of the stove depends little on the presence of draft in the chimney.

EFFECT OF HEAT TRANSFER

The gases entering the chimney duct are still at a high temperature. It is not advisable to simply throw them outside; everyone will understand that the efficiency of such an installation will be too low. Taking advantage of the fact that the rocket stove literally pushes combustion products out, craftsmen came up with 2 ways to extract heat:
- passing gases through channels arranged under the stove bench;
- installing a water circuit on the stove.

A rocket stove with a water circuit is made without a hood; the force of the upward flow of combustion products is used in a multi-pass heat exchanger made of metal. It is not recommended to introduce a coil of water into the gas flow; it will not last long due to the too high temperature. It would be more correct to make water jacket with metal fins inside the flue

Another way is to lay horizontal chimney ducts out of brick directly along the floor surface and arrange a luxurious heated adobe bench on top, connecting a stove to it missile type. It is important to select the correct length of channels so that overpressure enough to overcome them, otherwise you will still have to take care of organizing natural traction.

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

Homemade rocket stoves long burning have many admirers, and for these reasons:

Simplicity and low cost of installation: to build such a thermal device, you do not need to incur large expenses for the purchase of expensive materials, fixtures and fittings. Minimal experience in the furnace business is also required;

Self-regulation and undemanding nature of the chimney draft;

The efficiency of the rocket furnace is a variable value and largely depends on the design, the main thing is to select as much as possible thermal energy at flue gases;

Fuel can be added on the fly.

Despite the attractiveness and simplicity of the unit, heating with a rocket stove has its own negative points. It is a mistake to think that you can shove firewood of any quality into the firebox. Wet wood will not provide the required temperature in the chamber, and the pyrolysis process will not proceed. In the worst case scenario, smoke from the furnace can pour into the room. Also, the “rocket” requires constant supervision, especially in terms of fire safety.

Self-made rocket stoves are unsuitable for a bathhouse, since they give off relatively little heat in the infrared range, which is very important for a steam room. The surfaces of the stove that emit heat have too small an area and it will not be possible to heat the bathhouse properly.
For reference. A factory-made metal Robinson rocket stove is often used as a portable heat source. The craftsmen were not at a loss here either and quickly modernized this product, making the same thing, only with a grate.

OVEN FROM A CYLINDER

This is one of the most simple options, to implement it you can use the drawing below. A propane cylinder with a diameter of 300 mm will serve as an excellent cap, and the role of the firebox and loading hopper will play a role steel pipe size 150 mm. The internal vertical channel is made of a pipe with a diameter of 70 mm, and the chimney is 100 mm

The structure is completely welded, the pipes are cut to the required length, and the upper part of the cylinder is cut off. Then the parts are welded according to the drawings, only the opening between the vertical pipes with a diameter of 70 and 150 mm is filled with bulk thermal insulation material. This role can be perlite or vermiculite, or, in extreme cases, ordinary sand.
If there is an opportunity and desire to make a more powerful rocket stove, then a standard 200 liter barrel is used as a hood, then the dimensions of all parts also increase. Working inner tube is accepted with a diameter of 129 mm (or profile 120 x 120 mm), and the outer one is 450 mm in size. It is difficult to find a pipe of this diameter, so usually they find another barrel of smaller capacity and cut off the bottom of it

The entire assembled rocket stove made from a gas cylinder is not very heavy, so there is no need to build a massive foundation for it. When the unit is placed on the floor, the legs are welded to it, and if a bench is subsequently planned, the structure will have to be coated with a refractory compound, and then the external lining will be done. Then basalt cardboard and a sheet of roofing iron are laid on the floor below.

BRICK OVEN

In terms of its design, a brick rocket stove is not much different from a metal one, but requires a lot of labor. The difference is that all the fire channels of the unit are made of fireclay bricks, and the cap is made from the same barrel.

It is recommended to lower the entire structure, except for the protruding cap, below floor level, for which a shallow hole is dug. Its bottom is compacted, and then a small concrete foundation 100 mm thick is poured over the formwork. After it hardens, they begin laying, using a solution of refractory clay. After finishing the laying and hardening of the solution, the hole is filled up, and an iron barrel without a bottom is placed on top of the fire channel, the cavity between it and the brick is filled with insulation.
With all its advantages, a home-made rocket stove cannot serve as a full-fledged heat source for heating an entire house. It makes sense to start such construction when it is necessary to organize heating small dacha or another similar building, especially since the “rocket” is not afraid of periodic work. published

A practical heating device that is not inferior in its functionality to a traditional potbelly stove is a rocket stove. Its demand lies in high efficiency, efficiency, accessibility of design and ease of manufacture. Even novice craftsmen can assemble such a unit at home.

What is a rocket stove?

The jet furnace received its original name due to the special design of the body - the traditional form of the device is made from sections of metal pipes connected to each other by a weld. Outwardly, it resembles a rocket launcher. A simplified model of the stove can be assembled in a few hours.

Reactive heating device becomes a result of the peculiarities of the combustion process of the fuel material, when at a certain moment of operation at high flow air mass into the fuel chamber, the stove begins to create a powerful hum and vibration.

Important! The humming mode of a rocket furnace is characterized by irrational fuel consumption during its combustion. The economical heating mode ensures quiet operation of the heating unit.

Principle of operation

Despite the fact that the rocket furnace is quite simple in design, its operating principle is based on the following processes:

Natural circulation of heated gases and air inside the channels. This means that the device does not require additional blowing, and the internal draft is created by the smoke exhaust system. The higher the chimney, the stronger the draft.
Afterburning of unexhausted gases (pyrolysis process) is carried out with a small supply of oxygen into the fuel chamber. It ensures a rapid increase in the efficiency of the device and efficient consumption of fuel material during the combustion process.

The furnace firing process itself is carried out as follows:

Firewood is placed in the fuel compartment and ignition is performed.
Next, the standard operating mode of the furnace is set, in which the vertical part of the structure, the chimney pipe, is completely heated.
Sufficient heating of the stove body ensures the ignition of volatile substances in the chimney and rarefaction of air in its upper part.
Natural draft increases, which leads to the flow of air into the fuel compartment and increases the efficiency of the combustion process.
To maintain complete combustion of fuel material furnace design must be equipped with a special zone for afterburning pyrolysis gases.

A simple version of a rocket stove made from a profile pipe is intended for cooking and heating food, as well as for heating garden houses, cottages and camp baths.

Advantages and disadvantages

The long-burning rocket stove has gained particular popularity and demand due to its positive characteristics:

Affordable design and easy assembly. The simplest version of the stove can be made at home from available materials in a few hours.
Efficient heat transfer using various types wood fuel - firewood, wood chips, branches, bark and shavings.
Wide functionality. Possibility of using the device for space heating, cooking and water heating.
Complete combustion of fuel with the possibility of afterburning pyrolysis gases. This allows you to increase efficiency and at the same time avoid carbon monoxide poisoning.
Possibility of refilling fuel without interrupting the work process.
There is no need to create forced draft in the chimney system. High level self-regulation of device operating modes.

An ergonomic stove can be installed in any room, and lightweight structures do not require additional reinforced foundations.

Despite the significant advantages, such a unit is not without some disadvantages:

Lack of possibility to automate the combustion process. Homemade stoves require constant human control over the placement of fuel material.
There is a high probability of getting burns due to significant heating of the metal structure.
The device is not intended for heating residential buildings large area and stationary bath complexes.
The design of the stove requires the use of well-dried fuel, since excess moisture can lead to reverse thrust in the chimney.
Unaesthetic appearance of the finished device.

Design

The rocket-type stove has a fairly simple design, which is made from pipes of the required diameter.

The fuel chamber is a horizontal section of pipe into which fuel is placed. In some cases, the oven may have vertical version downloads. In this case, the device consists of three structural elements– two vertical pipes of different heights mounted on a horizontal pipe. The short section of the pipe is the fuel compartment, the long section is the chimney.

To provide increased efficiency, rocket stoves can have additional elements designs:

Fuel compartment (vertical or horizontal position) – for loading fuel.
Afterburner (horizontal) – for fuel combustion and thermal energy accumulation.
The ash compartment is for afterburning pyrolysis gases that are formed during fuel combustion.
The outer body of the furnace is for thermal insulation of the structure.
A lounger is a platform for resting in a lying or sitting position.
Chimney pipe - for removing fuel combustion products and creating natural draft.
A hob is a horizontal platform for cooking food or heating water.

DIY making

Homemade stove from a waste gas cylinder - an affordable option wood stove, which is designed for efficient heating of rooms and economical fuel consumption.

To make a stove at home, you will need:

Empty cylinder body – 2 pcs.
Metal pipe for creating a vertical chimney channel (diameter - 12 cm).
Profile pipe for making a firebox and loading chamber (length 100 cm, cross-section - 12x12 cm).
Metal pipe cuts: short by 80 cm (diameter - 15 cm) and long by 150 cm (diameter - 12 cm).
Steel sheet (thickness 3 mm).
Metal rods.
Insulating heat-resistant material (perlite).
Welding equipment.
Bulgarian.
Facilities personal protection– glasses and gloves.

To ensure correct assembly of the stove, it is recommended to prepare a working drawing indicating the exact dimensions of all structural elements of the device.

Step-by-step instructions for making a rocket stove:

Three sections are cut from the profile pipe - two of them are 30 cm each and one for the lounger is 35 cm. rectangular hole for the fuel compartment and a semicircle for vertical pipe.
One 30 cm blank is cut longitudinally and welded to the fuel compartment to create an air channel.
The fuel compartment is connected to the pipe by hot welding.
The grate is made from fittings, and doors are made for the fuel chamber and ash pan.
Next, a secondary chamber is made for afterburning pyrolysis gases.
A hole is made at the bottom of the cylinder for the fuel compartment. WITH outside The cylinder is fixed with an elbow under a pipe with a diameter of 12 cm for the chimney.
A hole is cut at the bottom of the pipe to clean the chimney.
A piece of pipe with a diameter of 15 cm is placed on top of the pipe and welded to the cylinder.
The free space between the two pipes is filled with insulation, and the edges are closed with a weld.
In the second cylinder, the bottom is cut off and a hole for the valve is welded. It will be used for afterburning pyrolysis gases.
Both cylinders are fixed to each other in a special groove using two welded rings so as to ensure the tightness of the finished structure. The groove is sealed with an asbestos cord.

Important! Before you start firing a homemade rocket stove, you need to carefully check the quality of the connecting seams and the tightness of the structure. Air masses must not penetrate uncontrollably into the operating installation.

How to properly sink a rocket?

For getting maximum effect heating, before the main loading of fuel material, the rocket-type furnace should be thoroughly preheated. For this, flammable materials are used: paper, wood chips, dry shavings, sawdust, cardboard, reeds or straw, which are placed in an open ash compartment.

Warming up the system will lead to the appearance of a characteristic sound - a quiet or loud hum. Next, the main fuel is added to the heated device to obtain required quantity thermal energy.

The combustion process itself is carried out according to the following scheme:

Opening the door to the ash compartment.
Laying fuel material to maintain optimal temperature combustion.
With the appearance of a hum in the furnace, the blower closes until it completely switches to silent operation.

Important! If a closed air valve has led to a decrease in flame intensity, it must be opened to increase draft and enhance the fuel combustion process.

Other types of rocket stoves

Based basic design rocket stove, other versions of heating devices with higher efficiency were created, which are intended for outdoor use and indoor use as a source of heating and hot water supply.

Stove-stove

The device is intended for cooking and winter preservation, equipped with an extended hob designed for several containers.

A distinctive characteristic of the rocket cooker is that the vertical channel with the fuel chamber is located at the bottom of the cooking surface. In this case, hot air from the firebox quickly heats the surface, and in order for the stove to remain hot as long as possible, fuel gases accumulate inside the horizontal channel. The remaining gas mixture is discharged into a vertical smoke channel connected at an angle to the hob.

For ease of use, the stove is equipped with stable supports, so it can easily be used on any surface, both indoors and outdoors.

Stove with water circuit

Such a unit is equipped with a heat exchanger that is connected to the heating system: radiators, pipes and a water tank. It is designed to create a complete autonomous heating system for a small garden or country house.

Structurally, the stove consists of the following functional elements:

The vertical fuel compartment and fire channel made of brick are laid out on a durable concrete base. At the bottom of the structure there is an ash pan with a door for removing ash.
Vertical steel channel with thermal insulation gasket, protected by an outer metal casing.
Heat exchange unit with a water circuit mounted on a metal casing.

A distinctive feature of the furnace is the creation of a water jacket, when instead of air, a liquid coolant circulates through the pipes, providing efficient heating premises.

Stove with bench

Another application jet furnace in everyday life - this is the arrangement of a comfortable structure with a special platform for relaxation in a sitting or lying position. The bed may have different shape execution - trestle bed, wide bed, compact sofa, bench.

Brick, rubble stone, clay mass with sawdust are used to make the couch. The high heat capacity of the materials contributes to the accumulation of thermal energy for a long time, so it is recommended to install such a stove in living rooms.

Depending on the type of material used to make the structure, rocket furnaces are:

Clay-brick. The good heat capacity of brick and fireclay clay ensures that such structures accumulate and release heat well into the room. Temperature Fuel combustion in such furnaces can reach 1000 degrees. Clay-brick units require a minimum Maintenance, which consists of periodically coating the body with clay and eliminating cracks.
Metal. Such devices are made from metal barrels, gas cylinders, fire extinguishers, pipes and sheet steel. The availability of materials allows you to obtain a reliable and efficient heating unit. Hiking tours are especially popular metal stoves– “Robinson”, “Ognivo” or “Taiga”. They are distinguished by their compact size, the ability to be installed in any accessible place and ease of operation.
From scrap materials. Simplified designs of rocket furnaces can be made from the cheapest and most accessible materials: tin cans, steel buckets and other containers. Low-power stoves can be used to quickly heat water in the field.

Mobile oven – practical and cheap option for hiking and outdoor recreation, which is designed for economical fuel consumption and ease of use in any climatic conditions.

A stationary stove is an effective and safe option for heating small areas, organizing hot water supply and cooking.

For all its advantages, a home-made reactive stove design is not suitable as a full-fledged heat source for heating a residential building. But using the technical capabilities of the device to solve everyday problems is quite acceptable.

The rocket stove is commonly known around the world as heating design long burning on solid fuel. To achieve maximum efficiency we had to work hard. Oven on liquid fuel is able to give off all its energy, but wood is more difficult to process. To unlock the full potential of wood, jet kilns were equipped with a chamber for afterburning gases.

The Shirokov-Khramtsov rocket or jet stove did not get its name because of its connection with space. The point is the shape of the device and the noise that is created during operation, reminiscent of the operation of a rocket. But this sound indicates improper use of the oven.

Types of long-burning rocket stoves:

Portable (mobile);
Stationary (for heating).

The most popular rocket model is Robinson. It is often used on hikes. Thanks to a small portable device, you can understand the principle of operation of jet furnaces. The shape of the oven resembles the letter “L”.

If the furnace is too noisy and buzzes during operation, then this mode is ineffective and expensive. Normally there should be a quiet sound, a little rustling.

The reaction furnace has a receiving hopper. This is the horizontal part of the pipe. A draft arises in the channel itself, it is this that affects the intensity of combustion, warming up the body. This is why it is advisable to limit the oxygen supply. Otherwise, the wood will quickly burn and all the heat will disappear.

The stove operates on jet traction due to the natural flow of hot air. The higher the temperature of the firebox walls, the better the wood burns. This allows you to quickly heat water in a large container, which is indispensable on a road trip. If you equip the pipe with thermal insulation, then after warming up you can burn thick logs.

DIY rocket stove: advantages, drawings, disadvantages

If desired, the conventional design of the furnace can be improved. This is how a potbelly stove loses a lot of heat, but by equipping the device with a water circuit or brickwork, these problems can be solved. Drawings are made for all these manipulations.

Advantages of jet furnaces:

Simple and inexpensive design. You can use available materials without significant financial costs. All work can be done with your own hands; no special knowledge or skills are required.
You can control the combustion yourself by choosing the desired intensity.
High efficiency. In general, everything depends on the quality of installation. The main thing is to extract maximum energy from the flue gases.

But such a simple and convenient design also has significant disadvantages. So you need to select special fuel for the stove. You cannot use wet firewood, otherwise pyrolysis will not occur. The firebox may begin to smoke profusely, and all the gases will be directed into the house. In addition, a rocket stove requires increased safety requirements.

The most popular portable model is the Robinson rocket stove. It was modified and a grate was added.

Homemade jet stoves are not used for heating baths. They are ineffective in infrared light, which plays an important role for a steam room. Surface structures have small area heating, so they cannot heat the bathhouse.

Drawings of a jet stove from a gas cylinder and other types

Long-burning stoves are divided into stationary and mobile. Mobile stoves are used on hikes, picnics, and outdoors for heating and cooking food. Stationary ones are used for heating the house, outbuildings, greenhouses, garage. There are 4 types of structures.

Types of reactive furnaces:

Homemade camp stove made of metal pipes, buckets, cans;
Jet design from a gas cylinder;
Brick oven with metal container;
Stove with a stove bench.

The portable structure is equipped with pipe sections. The only difference concerns installed partition for the ash pit. For the lower part, a grate can be used.

A device made from a gas cylinder is more difficult to build, but significantly increases efficiency. To install the structure, a barrel or gas cylinder is required. Firewood in the firebox burns due to the influx of oxygen by loading it through a special window.

The gases burn out in the pipe, which is located inside the structure, due to the supply of secondary air. The effect is enhanced by insulating the inner chamber. Hot air is placed in the hood, and then into the outer chamber. Combustion products are removed through the chimney.

To create draft, the top of the chimney is placed 4 cm above the loading window.

The combined model made of brick and metal is a stationary structure. Due to its high heat capacity, a wood stove accumulates and releases heat over several hours. That is why residential premises are heated with this design.

The rocket unit with a bench is an improved device that can retain heat longer. Since some of the heat escapes through the chimney, we increased its length. Due to the rapid excision of hot gases and a larger smoke outlet, this problem was solved.

This creates massive stoves with a bench that look like a sofa or bed. These are stationary devices made of brick or stone. Thanks to its unique design, the stove is able to retain heat all night.

DIY drawings of the Flint stove and other models

It is best to make small portable structures with your own hands: the “Ognivo” and “Robinson” rockets. Easy to calculate and requires cuttings to work profile pipes and metal welding skills. Dimensions may differ from the drawing, that's okay. It is important to maintain proportions.

To increase the combustion intensity, it is recommended to add improvised nozzles to the design. Secondary air for afterburning will flow there.

Stationary rocket stoves are made from a gas cylinder or metal barrel. These elements act as a body. Inside, the stove is equipped with smaller pipes or fireclay bricks. From a cylinder you can make both a stationary unit and a mobile one.

Continuous combustion furnace diagram:

Chimney;
Cap;
Insulation;
Loading hopper;
Combustion zone;
Afterburning zone.

Calculating a rocket stove can be difficult, because there is no exact method. You should pay attention to proven finished drawings. It is necessary to determine the size of heating equipment for a specific room.

DIY jet stove assembly for heating

Construction of the furnace begins with preparatory work. First you need to decide on the place of construction. It is chosen based on the requirements that relate to solid fuel structures: wood or coal.

Once the location has been decided, it is necessary to properly prepare it for construction. The wooden floor under the stove is being dismantled. They dig a small pit and compact the bottom.

In a small room, the jet stove is placed in the corner. The loading hopper occupies one side and the deck chair occupies the other.

The barrel or cylinder also needs to be prepared for installation. To do this, cut off the lid and tap. Then the structure is cleaned. Next, prepare the solution.

Stages of construction of a jet stove with a stove bench:

The bottom of the dug hole is lined with fireclay bricks. Formwork is made along the contour of the recess. Reinforcement is performed.
Lay out the base and fill it with concrete. A day later, when the concrete has hardened, further work begins.
The base of the stove is made of fireclay bricks. Raise side walls, make the lower channel.
The combustion chamber is covered with brick. There are two holes left on the sides. One is intended for the firebox, the second is for the vertical pipe (riser).
The metal body is equipped with a flange into which the horizontal channel of the stove will flow. All seams must be airtight and well sealed.
TO horizontal pipe attach a side outlet, which serves as an ash pan.
A fire tube is made from brick. As a rule, it is square.
The flame tube is equipped with a casing. The gaps are filled with perlite.
The installation of the cap is done from a cut-off part of a barrel or cylinder. It is equipped with a handle.
Equip the furnace body with brick or stone.
Equip the front part of the stove. Lay out the required contour.
A prepared barrel is placed on the base. The lower part must be sealed with clay.
By using corrugated pipe form a channel connecting the firebox to the street.
The heat exchanger pipes are connected to the lower pipe.
Installing a chimney. All elements must be sealed using asbestos cord and fire-resistant coating.

Improved rocket furnace with water circuit

A long-burning boiler can be obtained by equipping the stove with a water jacket. Water heating may not be efficient enough. The fact is that the main part of the warm air enters the room and cooking surfaces. To create a rocket boiler, you need to give up the possibility of cooking on the stove.

Materials required for equipping a stove with a water circuit:

Fireclay bricks and mortar for masonry;
Steel pipe (diameter 7 cm);
Barrel or cylinder;
Insulation;
Sheet steel and a barrel of smaller diameter than for the body to create a water jacket;
Chimney (diameter 10 cm);
Parts for the heat accumulator (tank, pipes, connecting pipe).

A characteristic feature of rocket furnaces with a water circuit is that the vertical part is insulated to ensure combustion of pyrolysis gases. Wherein warm air is sent to a coil with a water circuit and gives off heat to the stove. Even when all the fuel has burned out, in heating circuit Warm air will still be supplied.

DIY rocket stove drawings (video)

Jet stoves are widely known among people. Even Korea, China, England and the population of Japan used them. The Chinese stove differed from others in its ability to heat the entire floor. But the Russian analogue is in no way inferior. Thanks to useful innovations, the stove can hold heat for a long time.

Examples of a rocket stove (photo of ideas)

The simplest and most convenient solutions are always very popular. Especially when it comes to heating structures. So, a rocket stove is ideal for use in a private home, since craftsmen will be able to design it themselves without emptying their wallets too much. Moreover, the rocket stove principle makes it possible to adapt to any home design. The same principle was used in Korea and China to heat their homes in winter. The advantage is that this type of heating uses significantly less wood than a traditional Russian stove.

The operation of this furnace is based on two basic principles:

Direct combustion - free flow of fuel gases through the furnace channels without stimulation by the draft created by the chimney.
Afterburning of flue gases released during wood combustion (pyrolysis)

A rocket stove can be fueled with recycled materials, tree trimmings, and almost anything potentially combustible, since at the outlet of the stove, due to the high combustion temperatures in the stove itself, almost only carbon dioxide and water vapor. The long chimney ensures complete cooling, as a result of which water may be released. With the correct design of this stove, the fuel should burn only in the lower part, gradually settling.

The simultaneous use of a rocket stove for cooking and heating a room makes it universal.

Among heating devices, the rocket stove deserves special attention. It has an original structure, which involves the use of available materials and components. Almost anyone can organize one. It is enough to understand how to read drawings, as well as to be able to use basic construction tools and materials.

Option for making a rocket stove with your own hands

Despite the simplicity of the design, the rocket stove involves the use of two operating principles at once:

free flow of wood gases through channels;
pyrolysis is the afterburning of gases that are released during combustion.

The simplest rocket stove uses only the first principle of operation, since there are not enough conditions for pyrolysis.

A neat, homemade rocket stove

First, let's look at the options for jet stoves used for cooking. In such a device, a short pipe located horizontally is used as a firebox, and then it is directed upward. This is the simplest design.

Fuel is placed into the rocket stove directly into the pipe, after which it is ignited. As a result, a flow of hot gases is formed, which is oriented to go out, which means it tends to the vertical section.

At the end of the pipe there is a container used for water or food. There is a gap between it and the pipe so that combustion products can escape.

Many people are interested in why such a stove is called a rocket. The design has a nozzle turned upward, from which, when the device is operating, a flame bursts out. Hence the name.

Flames escaping from a rocket stove

Of course, such a unit will not be able to warm up the room. The rocket furnace must be supplemented with a heat exchanger, as well as channels for removing combustion products. To ensure high temperatures, the vertical part of the pipe is insulated with fire-resistant material.

The nozzle can be covered with a cap. This is necessary for high-quality heat selection. A channel is created at the bottom of the horizontal section of the pipe to supply secondary air.

The modern version involves a slightly different design. Such a reactive furnace involves the afterburning of pyrolysis gases, which is possible due to the supply of secondary air. In addition, combustion products collect under the top of the hood, which increases the pressure to excess. Over time, heat is transferred outward through the walls of the pipe, forcing the gases to cool and flow downward. Hot air awaits them there, so they have to go into the space between the walls of the hood and the pipe, going into the chimney channel.

Application of a rocket stove with a hood on the site

Due to pyrolysis processes, efficiency increases significantly. And thanks to the flow of gases, a self-regulating system is organized.

Productive heat removal

The gases that are sent to have a high temperature. Therefore, it is clear that you should not get rid of them so easily. Otherwise, the effect of the device will be minimal. Therefore, several solutions have been invented for a do-it-yourself rocket stove:

a water circuit is installed on the rocket stove;
gases are passed through channels equipped under the stove bench.

A water-heated rocket stove is made without a hood; the energy of combustion products is used in a metal heat exchanger. You should not use a coil with water, it is better to make a water jacket.

You can also make chimney channels lined with brick. They can be placed on the floor, and a bed can be equipped on top. And in this case, the length of the channels must be accurately calculated, otherwise natural traction will have to be organized.

Design of a brick rocket stove with a stove bench

Advantages

Create a rocket stove with your own hands and get the following benefits:

You can add fuel during the process;
Efficiency is not a constant value, but at correct selection the thermal energy of gases can be very high;
natural draft of the chimney is not a prerequisite;
accessibility of installation - to organize a rocket stove with your own hands, a little experience in the stove business is enough, minimum costs for materials.

Using a rocket stove outdoors

Such advantages make the rocket stove a popular device.

Flaws

Note: And although the rocket stove is characterized by simplicity and attractiveness, it also has disadvantages. For example, there are certain requirements for fuel quality. The firewood should not be wet, otherwise the pyrolysis effect will not be achieved. In addition, the structure requires constant supervision.

A do-it-yourself rocket stove is not very suitable for a bathhouse, since it gives off little of the heat needed for a steam room. The small surface area of the stove prevents effective heating of the bath.

Kinds

There are several types of rocket stoves:

Brick boilers. They differ from furnaces - they are equipped with a built-in heat exchanger, from which the coolant is supplied to heating system: tank, pipes, radiators.
Heating. They demonstrate the efficiency of heating rooms using the convection principle of operation.
Designs with hob, they are called heating and cooking.
Fireplaces. Most often they are used for heating one room in which they are located.
For the bath. They have original design. The main task of the device is to increase the temperature of the stones, thereby heating the air in the steam room. An important indicator of decisions is intensity.

Simple design DIY rocket stove

Of course, these are not all the species that exist.

From a cylinder

This is a fairly popular option, which is successfully implemented by the hands of many craftsmen. Most often, a 50 liter gas cylinder is used for production. It will serve as a cap. To create a loading hopper and firebox, you can use a pipe with a diameter of 15 cm. A pipe with a diameter of 10 cm is used for the chimney, and 7 cm for the internal channel.

Using a rocket stove from a gas cylinder on the site

It is necessary to cut the products to the required length, and cut off the upper part of the cylinder. Next, using the drawing, you should weld the parts together with your own hands. Fill the 7 and 15 cm gap between the pipes with heat-insulating material. You can use sand, but it is recommended to calcinate it to kill the organic environment. Otherwise, the heating process will be accompanied by an unpleasant odor.

When assembled, a rocket stove made from a gas cylinder weighs little, so it does not require a special base. The legs need to be welded to the device.

Made of brick

You can make a rocket stove out of brick with your own hands. In this case, you will have to work hard to get high-quality construction. The fire channels of the device are made using. You can use a barrel as a cap.

What a rocket oven made of brick might look like

To position the structure, it is recommended to dig a small hole, since it should be below floor level. The bottom needs to be compacted, after which a concrete base 10 cm thick is poured. When it hardens, you can begin laying. For this purpose, a solution is used, which includes refractory clay. When the structure is built, the solution has hardened, and the dug hole can be filled in. A barrel is placed on the channel, the bottom of which is cut out with your own hands. The space between the brick and it is filled with insulation.

The end of the device is coated with a solution, a large barrel is placed on top, and a chimney is welded to the bottom.

Let's sum it up

Note: Rocket stove – original solution, which you can build with your own hands. Just choose suitable option design, take into account recommendations and requirements. You must first make a drawing. If you can’t draw a diagram with your own hands, you can use ready-made options presented by experts.

The main thing in this matter is not to rush, then the result will definitely correspond to accepted standards and will effective tool for heating.

A detailed description of the manufacture of a rocket furnace from steel elements.

Features of the design and use of a simple rocket stove, which you can take with you on fishing or outdoor recreation.

Branded rocket stove. Description by a specialist.